Facade finishing is gaining more and more popularity every year. Thanks to the variety of building materials, their colors, combinations, options for finishing the facades of the house and their relative availability, everyone can make their new home individually unique or reconstruct the old one, giving it a new life.
Except decorative design, cladding, if done correctly, will help insulate the house, soundproof it and remove unevenness or imperfections in the constructed walls.
The main stages of facade finishing include the choice of material, type of finishing, financial calculation of future work, purchase of materials and the wall finishing itself.
For cladding you can use materials such as: tiles, siding, plaster, stone, brick, facade board. Each of the materials has its own characteristics and requirements for the prepared surface.
Siding
Siding is one of the cheapest and most accessible types of finishing. PVC, wooden or metal panels are fixed directly to the walls or to the insulation. On the market you can find a wide range of colors and sizes of panels for any, even the most demanding buyer.
The panels are lightweight, equipped with special fasteners, and therefore easy to install alone. As a rule, the panels come with instructions.
PVC is not subject to combustion, does not require special care and retains its original appearance for many years. In addition, it will help strengthen the old building and ensure its moisture resistance.
Less common, due to its high cost and unreliability, is wooden siding. The tree is susceptible to climatic influences. Despite the fact that today it is processed under high pressure To increase service life, finishing may not be justified.
Galvanized metal siding is considered the most unpretentious, reliable and durable. However, here you will have to face a small selection of colors and a variety of material shapes.
Plaster
The classic façade finish is plaster. Plaster finishing is easy to do, so you can do it yourself. There are several types of it - silicate, acrylic, silicone.
Acrylic plaster is indispensable if your house is insulated with polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene. Also, it should be chosen by residents of houses located in large cities or near railways; it is resistant to vibrations, and therefore will retain its original appearance for a long time.
Plaster can quickly become dusty, so placing it near busy highways is not recommended. The service life of such plaster is about 15 years.
Silicate plaster does not collect dust, allows air to pass through and has a long service life - 25 years, but is the most expensive.
Silicone plaster will also last for many years, does not become dirty, and allows the walls to breathe. If your house is located near a highway, silicone plaster will be the best choice.
Tile
Tiles for finishing facades must be for outdoor use. It is laid in two ways - dry and wet. In the first case, special fasteners are used on the tiles, in the second, the tiles are placed on the mortar; for this, the surface must be perfectly flat - plastered.
Sometimes they put between the tiles and the wall reinforced mesh– it will protect the mortar and tiles from cracking. Tiles can be natural, PVC, ceramic, clinker or concrete.
The most common is ceramic - it is light, easy to use, and anyone can finish the facade with their own hands. In addition, tiles are water-repellent and resistant to fungi and mold. The strength and quality of the tile directly depends on its price.
Stone
Stone is durable reliable material, which will give the house high cost, pomp, make it beautiful and presentable. Stone can be arranged to create different images and styles on the walls.
The process of laying stone is labor-intensive and is not always possible for a non-professional, but the result is worth the time and effort - your home will stand out from others.
First, mix the solution; it can be purchased at construction stores or make it yourself from Portland cement and sand. The stone is laid on a leveled wall. The seams are rubbed several times after laying. Stone cladding has been tested for decades and has not gone out of fashion for centuries.
Brick
Brick is a symbol of good quality. During construction modern house from scratch, brick finishing is usually provided at the stage of laying the walls.
If the building has already been built, clinker bricks are usually used - it will improve the condition of the house and make it attractive.
Log house
Often, in photographs of mountainous terrain covered with snow-covered spruce trees, or modern camp sites in the forest, we can see houses made of wooden log house. They look very neat and cozy.
For their cladding, a façade board called a block house is used. It has the shape of a cylindrical log, which is attached to wooden frame or directly on the wall. Such cladding is considered environmentally friendly, fashionable and capable of creating an atmosphere of relaxation and home.
Ventilated facade
The ventilated facade is gaining popularity. This is a structure that consists of insulation or free space and an external protective decorative layer. This facade is used for the construction of low-rise buildings. The air cushion is good insulation. At correct installation and such a façade will last for many years.
Decorative finishing
The decorative department of the facade will help make your home truly beautiful and unique. It can be done using silicone, acrylic and oil paints, as well as decorative plaster.
For many years, decorative plaster has been a sign of chic and high cost. Nowadays, synthetic components are added to the mixture, which makes it resistant to all climatic conditions, dense and durable.
There are several types of it - bark beetle or fur coat, the effect is achieved by using marble chips and special grout; Venetian, which imitates marble; pebble, with the addition of a large fraction of marble; and flock, where fragments of paint give the surface a velvety appearance.
Combined finishing
Another solution that will create a unique masterpiece from the walls of your home is the layout various types facade finishing. A combination of decorative plaster and stone will look win-win, and a combination of panels of several colors will make your home different from others.
Decorative stone is quite cheap and affordable, but it will help turn your home into a fabulously beautiful and cozy place. Photos of the decoration of house facades can be seen below.
Photo of finishing the facade of the house
The question of how cheaper it is to decorate the facade of a house is relevant for almost all owners of private buildings. After all, on the one hand, you want the cladding of your home to be of high quality and aesthetically attractive, but on the other hand, it is obvious that unjustified expenses in pursuit of “exclusive” and stunning appearance to nothing. Rare are those families who can afford any solution without regard to its cost.
But it’s definitely not worth going to the extreme, settling on the most budget option, without an objective assessment of the ability of the selected material to “resist” the aggressive outdoor environment - wind, rain, frost, snow, etc. Perhaps you want to verify in practice the effectiveness of the saying “the miser pays twice.”
Of course, it will not be possible to decorate the facade of a house cheaply, but choosing the optimal material, which, with all other performance characteristics being equal, will have a lower price, is quite possible.
Criteria for choosing wisely
In order to decide what is the best way to decorate the façade of a house and not lose financially, it is very important to clearly define the criteria that will help identify the advantages and disadvantages of one or another option.
First of all, you should pay attention to the appearance of the finished facade. Of course, the “presentability” of the cladding is a very, very subjective concept, directly depending on the personal tastes of the owners. However, such parameters of the materials used as:
- number of color variations and textures offered,
- resistance to fading and other visual defects,
- similarity to natural raw materials (if an imitation product is considered)
Under no circumstances should it be ignored. They will help you form an objective impression of the product.
The next quite obvious criterion is the durability of the material. Agree, it will be very sad if an inexpensive house facade turns out to be a real headache with the need for annual reinnovation work. If the type of cladding you like good timing services - know you are on the right track.
It's no secret that façade material is not enough to simply choose. It also needs to be installed. The complexity of the task, the presence of seasonal restrictions, the volume of auxiliary elements and materials - all these factors must be taken into account.
And finally, the final cost of the external cladding. This should include:
- cost of material per kilogram or square meter;
- price of components, tinting, necessary equipment;
- installation cost (and also, if necessary, preparatory work).
Other than that equal conditions, you can safely focus your choice on the final cost of finishing the facade.
Popular options for exterior home decoration
Most often, owners of private houses prefer facade cladding:
- siding;
- facade plaster;
- block house;
- facing bricks - ceramic or clinker;
- facade tiles.
Siding - a good choice or not?
The main types of siding used for cladding the facades of houses are vinyl and basement. Aluminum in residential construction used extremely rarely. The key advantages of the material are safety, relative ease of installation, and ease of maintenance.
And the most obvious drawback is the artificial appearance. And, we can say that this fact practically negates all the advantages. In Europe, for example, siding is used exclusively when it is necessary to clad outbuildings or temporary buildings. And although basement siding, unlike vinyl, and imitates natural brick or stone, it still has a plastic feel to it.
As for the service life, siding manufacturers claim that their “brainchildren” can serve faithfully for 40-50 years. But in practice, this figure is usually much less, since the material is fragile in severe frosts, unstable to deformation, and prone to fading. Cases when siding is sad to look at after only 5 years of use are, unfortunately, not uncommon.
When installing siding in the cold season, it should be taken into account that the material has a high thermal expansion rate.
average cost
Vinyl siding will cost you about 200 rubles/sq.m. m. The total cost of such cladding, taking into account installation and the necessary auxiliary elements, is about 1,500 rubles / sq.m.
Basement siding is a more expensive pleasure. The material itself costs an average of 400-500 rubles/sq.m. The actual cost of finishing a house with it is 3000 rubles/sq.m.
Advantages and disadvantages of plaster
Plaster is a coating that can provide the facade with a decent appearance; moisture-resistant, breathable. Depending on the connecting link, facade plasters are:
- mineral (base - cement);
- acrylic (base - acrylic resins);
- silicate (based on liquid glass);
- silicone (based on silicone resins).
The variety of textures and colors of this material is very limited. In the vast majority of cases, such cladding must be additionally painted. And the texture can usually be chosen either rough or rustic.
The service life of a façade finished with plaster is 7-10 years. And although plaster becomes stronger over time, it is not resistant to mechanical damage.
Installation subtleties
It takes 6-8 weeks to decorate a house with an area of 150-200 square meters with facade plaster. The surfaces must be primed first. "Wet" processes make installation facade plaster very dependent on weather conditions and season.
Note! The low vapor permeability of acrylic plaster makes it impossible to use it in tandem with insulation such as mineral wool.
Only mineral plaster is “suitable” for aerated foam concrete base.
average cost
- Mineral plaster. The cost of the material is about 40 rubles/kg. Plaster consumption per square meter is 3 kg. Total cost per square meter including installation fees and all necessary materials- 2000-2200 rubles.
- Acrylic plaster. The cost of the material is 50 rubles/kg. Consumption - 1.5 kg/sq.m. Total cost - 2500.
- Silicate plaster. The cost of the material is 100 rubles/kg. Consumption - 2.5 kg/sq.m. Total cost - 2800.
- Silicone plaster. The cost of the material is 100 rubles/kg. Consumption - 3 kg/sq.m. Total cost - 3000.
Features of a block house
Block house is a subtype of lining whose front surface imitates a rounded log. This material is natural and environmentally friendly, but quite expensive and short-lived. Not fire resistant. Defects in appearance include knots, cracks, wormholes and other defects characteristic of wood.
When purchasing a block house, you should make sure that it is not “raw” - otherwise there is a high risk that the material will rot.
Important! Block house, like any other wooden surface, located in the open air, needs periodic updating - coating with special protective compounds, etc.
average cost
The price of a block house largely depends on the type of wood. Price square meter can range from 400 to 1000 rubles (including installation work and necessary processing - 3000-4000 thousand)
Facing brick - quality and durability
Facing ceramic bricks are environmentally friendly pure material from natural raw materials (clay), made according to special technology. It is frost-resistant, durable, exhibits low moisture absorption and good sound insulation. Face clinker brick is produced in the same way as ceramic brick, but is fired at a higher temperature, so that no voids remain in it. Compared to ceramic, it has even better physical characteristics.
Facing bricks have a wide range of textures, shapes and colors. With it, your facade does not risk fading. The only possible external drawback is the appearance of efflorescence.
A house finished with face brick will look luxurious for decades. Clinker brick- an example of durability, it can withstand more than 150 freeze-thaw cycles.
The cladding of a building with bricks should be taken into account at the design stage (the material is laid on the main foundation). Otherwise, additional strengthening of the foundation will be required.
average cost
The range of prices for the material is quite wide, but, naturally, having the status of a leader in durability and quality, facing brick simply cannot be cheap. Professional brick laying is also quite expensive. Therefore, the average Russian rarely chooses this option for façade finishing.
A square meter of ceramic brick will cost 1200-3000 rubles, clinker brick - 3600-4000. A square meter of a finished, beautiful and insulated brick facade will generally require up to 6,000 rubles.
Facade tiles: pros and cons
Facade tiles are a modern and reliable building material. Not afraid of moisture, strong, durable. At high-quality installation- provides an excellent appearance of the house. The service life of a façade finished with ceramic tiles can be tens of years. True, a lot depends on the quality of the adhesive solution.
Installation facade tiles, as a rule, is not easy. The process becomes more difficult:
- the need for careful preliminary surface preparation;
- the difficulty of achieving straightness of the seam;
- high fragility of the material before installation.
average cost
Facade tiles, in comparison with bricks, demonstrate no worse quality and aesthetics of the final result, but are much cheaper. The price per square meter of material is 1000-1500 rubles, but the actual cost per square meter of such cladding usually does not exceed 3000.
Really inexpensive finishing the facade of the house can only be created if you make it yourself. As you can see, some materials, at first glance, seem extremely cheap, but in practice, taking into account the cost of all the auxiliary elements and the entire scope of work, it turns out that this is not the case. And only if you decide to take on this rather difficult work yourself can you talk about significant savings.
This video will introduce you to the rules for installing vinyl siding:
When choosing materials for facade cladding, it is very important to objectively assess their “prospects” - how long they will last, how often they will need maintenance and renewal, what investments and how soon they may require.
It would be a good idea to look at the photos on the Internet. various types facades, feel which “execution style” you prefer. You shouldn't just like the appearance of the house - you should be in love with it. It has been proven that this moment directly affects the psychological comfort of staying inside or near housing.
Understand how cheaper it is to decorate the facade of a house photo various options facings are unlikely to help, but they will clearly contribute to a clear idea of what awaits you in the end when turning to this or that material.
Having thoughtfully weighed all the nuances, we are confident that you will be able to make the right decision that will be optimal for your family, both from a financial and aesthetic point of view.
Cladding a private house is an important final stage of construction. And at this stage, most developers choose the cheapest finishing for the facade of the house. Why is this happening?
On the one hand, the cladding of your own home must meet all the standards of reliability and aesthetics, and on the other hand, it is obvious that it is not worth throwing away a large amount of money, without guarantees that such a decision will be fully justified.
Only one family in ten can afford to choose any finishing option, regardless of its high cost. The remaining 9 families, which is 90 percent of developers, are trying to save as much as possible and choose the most cheap way facade finishing, sometimes even to the detriment of functionality and visual beauty.
Going to extremes will also not be the best option. If you choose the most budget option, you may lose on the performance characteristics of the facing material. As a result, it will not withstand adverse conditions well natural conditions such as: wind, frost, snow, rain. There is a saying about this: “the miser pays twice.”
Cheap cladding of the facade of a house is quite possible, you just need to choose the most best option, the cheaper it is to finish the facade of a house, which takes into account all the most best characteristics material. In order to competently decorate your home, while saving a lot of money, you should decide on the main aspects of choosing the material. If you purchase a good and reliable finishing material, then this is already 50% success.
Selection of facing material
When choosing, you need to know that they mainly pay attention to aesthetic characteristics. There is no doubt that the “beauty” of such cladding is a very subjective question, because it depends on the individual preferences of each owner.
Nevertheless, there are parameters of facing materials that will not go unnoticed in any case. You can choose the most cheap material for the facade, you just need to take a closer look at criteria such as:
- availability of color lines provided by the manufacturer of the façade material;
- parameters of resistance to fading and external defects;
- what raw materials the finishing material is made from, including its environmental friendliness.
Another important criterion is the durability of the facade. When choosing an inexpensive material, you need to make sure it is durable so that it does not have to be replaced every year. Because cheap cladding of the facade of a house, initially low-cost, can result in annual renovations or repairs, which will hurt the budget of the thrifty owner.
Total cost of installation of facade materials
How to get a brick cheaply? Buy good brick with minor defects. This can be done at the factory or you can buy leftovers from the dealer's warehouse.
By choosing this inexpensive facing material, you don’t have to worry that the facade of the house will fade. The only downside is that there is a chance of efflorescence.
Ceramic tile
Prices for the material are quite low, and the tile itself is a reliable material, so tiling the house ceramic bricks will fully justify the investment. Tiles are usually installed long time, but if you have the necessary installation information facing bricks Work can be completed in a range of 5 to 8 weeks.
Facade tinted primer
Facade primer is a material that has become very popular in finishing facades in shortest time. If the facade of the house is pre-plastered, then it is best to use a primer for cladding private housing deep penetration. For, which is impregnated with an antiseptic to avoid the appearance of harmful bugs.
As you know, the appearance of a house should create a feeling of comfort and coziness. Therefore, you should not save too much, as this may adversely affect the integrity of the house in the future.
Thermal panels
Another economical option is thermal panels. A façade made of this material has many advantages, since dense polystyrene foam is used in its manufacture, which contributes to excellent thermal insulation. In the summer, the house will be cool, and in the winter, heat will not escape from the house.
Installation of thermal panels is carried out using ordinary self-tapping screws, so almost everyone can carry out the installation themselves in the shortest possible time.
Another worthy advantage is that the panels can be installed at any time of the year, since the material has increased strength.
A natural stone
Facing the façade with natural stone cannot be considered an economical option at all. However, where it is possible to obtain this facade material virtually free of charge, this will be the cheapest way to finish the facade.
Where to get a natural stone almost free? Drive to the nearest quarry with your own trailer, or try to buy a stone with minor defects from a dealer.
You can also purchase leftover stone after facing big houses. If your house is small, then the remains from the cladding of a large house will be enough for you to make.
A house made with this particular material will look very beautiful. The stone will give it a very original and unique aesthetic look. The technology of facing a house with stone is very simple.
First you need to prepare the base. This stage includes leveling the surface of the base using ordinary plaster. Then you need to install extruded polystyrene foam on its surface. It is attached using self-tapping screws or dowels. Next, you need to apply to the surface of the slabs acrylic primer. The preparatory work ends with the installation of a steel mesh on the wall.
Then you need to decide on the mosaic that will be made of stone. You can draw a plan in advance so as not to make mistakes during the work process. You should try very hard, since the appearance of the facade depends on this. Next, you need to rub the seams and joints with mortar. After completing the work, experts advise applying a special varnish to the stone to make the color of the material brighter and more saturated.
Also, in this way you can protect the walls from wind, rain and frost. Facing the facade with natural stone will be the most reliable and, at the same time,...
Conclusion. The cheapest finishing of the facade of a house is possible if you have chosen the cheapest material for the facade or the material whose installation can save money.
Also, if you have the opportunity to get expensive cladding material very cheaply, it will give you the opportunity to make an expensive house façade for cheap.
See if you have the opportunity to remove substandard natural stone or decorative brick with defects for little money. For these materials, small defects are not critical, but such a facade will be installed for centuries and will look very impressive.
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One of the synonyms for the word “facade” is the word “face”. Indeed, the front part of the building plays the role of a kind of showcase and is considered the calling card of the entire house. Along with the decorative one, the façade also has a practical function. Even at the design stage, it is necessary to consider the combination of finishing materials, coordinating them with the entire structure of the building. The modern specialized market offers a variety of finishing materials for house facades, which require installation of varying levels of complexity.
What to pay attention to when choosing materials for the facade?
The need for external finishing of the facade is determined not only by aesthetics, but also by the opportunity to significantly increase performance characteristics building. When thinking about what material to decorate the facade of a house with, you should pay attention to the following criteria:
Resistant to precipitation and climatic manifestations;
Resistance to moisture and frost;
Thermal insulation level;
Environmental Safety;
Possibilities of material as a design element.
Don't forget to insulate the walls before finishing the facade
If imitation material is used, then you should pay attention to the level of its similarity to the original. The soundproofing characteristics of finishing raw materials and the level of wind protection are also taken into account. High-quality cladding of the facade of a house is the key to the strength, durability and aesthetics of the facade. By selecting the optimal materials for the facades of a building, you can increase its service life and add originality to the overall design. When selecting facing materials, it is also worth taking into account the complexity of installation and cost.
Types of facade finishing
Modern finishing of the facades of private houses is most often carried out using the following types of finishing materials for the facade:
Facade plaster– the material is the most “ancient” and popular method of cladding; it requires good preparation of the walls. There are many types of plaster - silicone, silicate, acrylic, etc.
– inexpensive facade cladding material. Vinyl type is usually installed on houses located in temperate climate, as it heats up quickly at high temperatures.
Facing brick– a classic type of finish, made of cement and shell rock. It has high performance and aesthetic characteristics.
Clinker tiles – durable material for finishing facades, it is resistant to abrasion, therefore it is most often installed in places with high traffic, so that the facade does not lose its appearance due to numerous touches.
Panels– are optimally suited for façade finishing and can be different types: metal, wood, glass, polyurethane foam, etc.
Choose the right material
Facade plaster
Facade finishing material such as plaster is used very often and is easy to apply. Its main purpose is to create an attractive appearance for your home decoration and protection from climatic influences.
Advantages of the method of finishing modern decorative facade plaster:
Wide decorative possibilities - creating different textures and colors.
Easy to apply;
Resistance to temperature fluctuations;
Moisture resistance;
Low cost.
However, if the technology for applying the finish has been violated, then cracks, swelling, spotting, and peeling of the finishing layer may occur. Plastering the facade of a private house is a simple process that can be done on your own, with minimal skills in this area.
The decision to decorate the facade with siding will allow the home owner to get a good result and a beautiful appearance of the building. The most popular are vinyl and metal siding.
Pros of vinyl:
The disadvantages of vinyl siding include:
Metal siding for facade cladding is most often made of aluminum.
Facing brick
The use of brick finishing options gives the house respectability and solidity. Installation of this material must be carried out by professionals, since the process requires certain skills.
Advantages of facing bricks:
It does not require special care;
Frost-resistant;
Environmentally friendly;
The facade gains strength and stability;
Brick protects the house from precipitation and other climatic manifestations;
Adds service life to load-bearing structures;
Wide range of textures and colors.
The disadvantages of facing the facades of houses with brick include:
The formation of a white coating (efflorescence) over time, which spoils the appearance of the building;
High price of material.
A special method of processing clay allows clinker tiles to achieve high performance indicators. The result is an optimal cladding material that is suitable for outdoor use in all respects.
Advantages of clinker tiles:
Durability and not susceptible to mechanical stress;
UV resistance;
Frost resistance;
Low water absorption;
Durability.
The lining, familiar to us all, is the very first type of facade panels. After this, various variations of this cladding began to be used, making it from metal, porcelain stoneware, stone, and polyvinyl chloride.
What are the advantages of cladding a house with panels:
Installation of the cladding does not require long preparatory work, can be carried out in any weather conditions, the installation process is quick;
The facade is reliably protected from temperature changes and other adverse influences;
The material is not flammable;
Does not require special care;
Light weight.
What material should I choose for finishing facades?
Picking up best material for the facade, you should consider what the house itself is built from. After all, wooden and timber houses, for example, require the construction of a ventilated facade, and siding or panels are optimal for such needs. Whereas brick and stone buildings “love” plaster and brick. You should also focus on your financial capabilities, because the market for modern facade finishing materials is so large that it will satisfy the needs of any category of citizens. The cladding must fit perfectly with overall design structure and perform with it as a single ensemble.
Read about the previous stages of construction:
Font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold;">Facade cladding called a set of installation works protective structures For external walls buildings. As practice shows, such finishing is no less important than the construction of the building itself, which is why the finishing of external walls deservedly receives increased attention.
The main requirements for the job are: the following points:
- extending the service life of the walls, and therefore the entire building as a whole;
- giving an aesthetic appearance to the external surface of the walls;
- heat containment - facade cladding, in fact, complements the insulation used in construction;
- effective removal of moisture coming from the room and accumulated in the walls in the form of condensation;
- combination with other elements of the building - windows, doors, exterior elements.
To ensure that the cladding is suitable for a particular building and corresponds to it in all respects, even at the construction planning stage, the best finishing is carefully thought out, including the type of insulation, cladding technology and types facade materials.
Types of insulation
Insulation of the facade plays a primary role in home improvement, especially if serious mistakes were made during the construction of the building or low-quality building materials were used that could lead to heat loss. Using insulation, you can save significantly during the heating season, sometimes reducing energy consumption several times. And in summer time, on the contrary, the room will maintain a comfortable temperature.
Let's look at the most common types of insulation used today to insulate houses:
- Glass wool - the most budget-friendly insulation option today, which is why it is loved by many construction companies. Preference is often given to glass wool for the reason that its technical characteristics are not much inferior to the more expensive mineral wool. The low thermal conductivity of glass wool combined with high elasticity makes the material ideal for creating flexible coverings and panels. Glass wool is also used as insulation for curtain wall facades, as well as a number of other insulation technologies used in practice. The material is in demand in frame construction buildings, where they fill voids in the structure. Among significant shortcomings glass wool should be named such as thermal conductivity at high humidity, tendency to shrink and the formation of cracks and holes, the need for use special means protection during installation.
- Extruded polystyrene foam- an airy material consisting of many small bubbles containing air. The insulation resembles frozen foam, in which the polystyrene foam itself is only two percent, and the rest of the space is taken up by air. The air enclosed inside the bubbles protrudes into in this case factor that inhibits heat. Expanded polystyrene practically does not absorb moisture, and steam passes through in small quantities. The main difference between this type of insulation and similar non-extruded foam is that polystyrene foam significantly exceeds it in strength. Among the disadvantages of expanded polystyrene, mention should be made of its instability to acetone and some types of varnishes and paints - when interacting with them, the material is destroyed until completely dissolved. Direct connections also have a destructive effect on insulation. Sun rays, which can be solved through the use of several layers of finishing.
- Mineral wool insulation- perhaps the best of modern materials. Mineral wool has many advantages, including: non-flammability, environmental friendliness, excellent thermal conductivity. Despite the slightly higher cost of the material, in comparison with the insulation materials described above, the price, in this case, fully pays for itself. The durable, tear- and deformation-resistant material also exhibits biological and chemical resistance, is easy to install and is safe for human health.
Types of coatings
In addition to the materials used in the decoration and insulation of the facade, the technology used is of considerable importance. We list the most commonly used cladding methods.
Wet (plaster) facade
By wet façade we mean technology external cladding building, consisting of several stages of installation work, ending with the application of a finishing coating in the form of a layer of plaster.
Despite the emergence of new, seemingly more advanced cladding technologies, wet finishing still does not lose its relevance. Primarily because there are specific cases when no other cladding method is suitable.
For example, when reconstructing historical architectural monuments, the use of modern façade structures is completely unacceptable. In such cases, the only correct solution is to finish the walls with plaster, which can visually recreate the same texture or as close as possible to the one that was on the walls originally.
Technology wet facades- an ideal option when indoors high level humidity. Condensation, which appears in such a situation due to temperature differences, is removed outside the interior with the use of facing plaster, thereby solving the problem of humidity.
Among other things, wet facade technology, which makes it possible to cover the outer surface of the walls with a reliable layer of plaster, virtually completely eliminates the formation of finishing works so-called cold bridges. In other words, even in the coldest weather, the interior will remain warm, provided that high-quality insulation is used.
Finishing of facades using frame systems
Frame systems are being used more and more often today, especially when it comes to cladding administrative buildings and new buildings. The structure is a special fencing consisting of several layers, the main function of which is to protect the walls of the building from negative external factors, and also help retain heat indoors, thereby complementing the work of insulation.
The main advantage that sets them apart from traditional plaster finishes is the fact that the design does not interfere with the free circulation of air through the walls, whereas in the case of plaster the walls are literally sealed and do not breathe. At the same time, the frame system contributes to the effective removal of moisture from the room.
The ventilated façade, among other things, increases the sound insulation of walls and is also characterized by a high degree of non-flammability. However, despite the fact that the facade consists of completely non-combustible materials, the features of its design contribute to the formation of strong draft, which in theory can provoke a fire even in materials that are sufficiently resistant to high temperatures.
Almost the only significant drawback is the final cost frame structure, which arises from the complexity of its installation, requiring the participation of professionals. If the installation of ventilation facades is carried out poorly, there is a risk of the formation of cold bridges that will release heat from the room.
Choosing a ventilated hanging structure, the overall style of the building should be taken into account, since this technology the cladding has a futuristic look, so it looks good on administrative buildings, but is not suitable, for example, for the reconstruction of architectural monuments.
Types of materials for facade cladding
The choice of cladding depends on the technology that was chosen for finishing a particular building. The list of building materials used in construction today is quite wide; below we will consider the most popular types of facade materials from all the current diversity.
Porcelain stoneware slabs
Porcelain tiles - the most commonly used material used in modern construction. The cost of porcelain stoneware is quite high, but it fully pays for itself due to the technical characteristics of the material. Porcelain tile cladding reliably protects walls from destruction, as it is characterized by increased strength, density, and resistance to physical activity and exposure to aggressive chemicals. With porcelain stoneware, the walls acquire a noble, beautiful appearance, which completely transforms the building.
Metal cassettes
Cladding with metal cassettes, used for ventilated structures, is a practical method of wall cladding, which is durable, minimum requirements regarding care and excellent appearance. Metal cassettes are made from galvanized metal coated with a polymer composition. Compared to composite plates, metal cassettes have increased resistance to impact.
Ceramic blocks (clinker)
Facing tiles- nothing more than ceramic tiles improved quality. The clay used to create clinker cladding is subjected to prolonged firing, during which it melts. The resulting heat treatment the material is used in all weather conditions - façade finishing with tiles almost does not absorb moisture due to its high density.
Composite panels
Aluminum panels for cladding buildings are another material in demand in modern construction, which are multilayer panels consisting of two sheets of aluminum with a layer (of plastic). Due to their homogeneity and density, the panels are resistant to acidic environments, high humidity and getting wet. Among the disadvantages of the material, it is important to mention the susceptibility of the panel surface to mechanical damage, for example, they can be easily scratched.
Fiber cement board
Plates made of fiber cement - a budget facing building material made from cement with the addition of a mineral filler. In addition to its relatively low price, fiber cement has a long service life and resistance to adverse temperature conditions, resistance to mold and mildew, as well as ultraviolet radiation. Fiber cement panels can have different shapes and be made in any color scheme.
Surface finishing with wet cladding
Plaster is an easy-to-work material. The use of plaster in wet facade technology allows you to create a variety of textures on the walls. Its significant advantage over other types of cladding is its maintainability in case of violation of the uniformity of the layer. Among other things, the plaster facade has the ability to remove moisture accumulated by the walls.
Metal siding panel
Metal siding - galvanized steel sheets coated with polymer. The material is easy to install, easy to transport, has a beautiful appearance, and is easy to maintain. All of these advantages are complemented by the low cost of the material, which allows it to be used everywhere. To tangible shortcomings metal siding refers to its susceptibility to low temperatures and, as a consequence, high thermal conductivity.
Vinyl plates
PVC panels are in greater demand than metal siding. The advantage of PVC panels is their price and ease of installation. However, the list of disadvantages of the material sometimes outweighs all the advantages. Thus, vinyl is susceptible to melting, is easily scratched and broken, and has high thermal conductivity.
Glass panels
Glass panels are today used in a number of building wall cladding technologies. Glass panels have high waterproofing properties and promote air circulation inside the structure. Ventilated facades with glass cladding make the building beautiful, emphasizing the modern style of urban architecture.
Stone finishing: use of natural or artificial material
Stone is used in cases where the facade needs to be given a classic look, reminiscent of an old mansion or castle. Depending on financial capabilities, choose natural or acrylic stone. Stone for finishing can have different shapes, the choice of which depends on the characteristics of the building and the specific goals put forward for wall cladding. So, you can completely cover all walls with stone or combine it with other cladding materials - for example, plaster.
Installation of planken façade boards
Planken - wooden boards, which are used not only for facade cladding, but also for interior finishing work. The main difference between planken and conventional wood cladding boards is their processing technology - planken has no sharp edges, which makes the wooden covering aesthetically pleasing and neat.
Terracotta panels
The production of terracotta panels is reminiscent of the technology for making clinker tiles - clay is also used as a base with the addition of minerals as a filler. Home distinctive feature clay panels from tiles is their impressive weight, which must be taken into account during installation. Otherwise, terracotta panels have the same positive traits, as tiles.
Profiled sheet
Finishing with corrugated sheets is another technology loved by many due to its low price and ease of installation. A building sheathed with corrugated sheets has a neat appearance and keeps it that way for a long time. But when choosing a profiled metal sheet, you need to be prepared for noticeable shortcomings. For example, corrugated sheeting tends to heat up in the sun, so in the summer heat it is better not to touch it to avoid burns. The disadvantages include the noise of the corrugated sheet, which is especially noticeable during rain. Despite the anti-corrosion treatment, the profiled metal sheet becomes vulnerable at the cut points.
Linear panels
Linear type panels are made from sheets of steel or aluminum. The design of the products resembles a cross between facade cassettes and siding. Linear cladding looks beautiful and modern. Rectangular metal boxes are laid out in straight, parallel lines to each other - hence the name of the material. Linear panels are covered with a layer of polymer that protects the metal from corrosion, which is especially important if the product is made of steel.
Plastic HPL panels
HPL panels are decorative panels, which are otherwise called decorative laminate or compact laminate. Representing compressed under high pressure and high temperature cellulose, HPL panels are distinguished by their monolithic structure, pronounced wear resistance, zero absorption of water and moisture, and fire resistance. The density of the panels is so high that their surface does not absorb dirt at all. The completely poreless cladding made from environmentally friendly cellulose panels will never be damaged by vandals: there will simply be nothing for the paint to catch on.
Project implementation stages
Façade cladding work requires a strict sequence of actions, especially when it comes to ventilated structures.
The starting point is to draw up a project for the future cladding. At this stage, the load-bearing capabilities of the walls are calculated, on the basis of which the cladding and related materials. The work takes into account the needs of the building, the features of climate control equipment, the organization fire safety, wind loads, climate features in the region. The decorative component of the future cladding plays an important role.
A competently and detailed project will become a guide to correct and consistent installation.
The main stages of the project can be outlined as follows:
- Work on marking the future façade structure using lasers, tape measures, and marking cords.
- Installation of brackets with self-tapping screws, which are installed in pre-prepared holes.
- Installation of insulation, which is laid in a checkerboard pattern, overlapping the seams of the previous layer in order to prevent the appearance of cold bridges. To fix thermal insulation boards, special disc-type fasteners are used. The insulation is covered protective film in such a way that there are no gaps at the joints - this is achieved with fixing tape.
- Installation of guides, which are mounted on pre-prepared brackets, according to the markings made.
- Installation of material on a finished frame. The installation technology depends on the type of cladding chosen.
Cost of façade covering
| № | Name | Unit measurements | Price, rub |
| 1 | Wet plaster facade | ||
| 1.2 | Soil Ceresit ST 17/10 | liter | 73 |
| 1.3 | Glue for mineral wool board (25kg/mesh) | mesh | 751 |
| 1.4 | Fungi for insulation (150mm) | PC | 9,6 |
| 1.5 | Base layer for plaster Ceresit ST190 (25kg/mesh) | mesh | 851 |
| 1.6 | Plaster (pebbles 2.5mm Fur coat) Ceresit ST 137/25 (25kg/mesh) | mesh | 1220 |
| 1.7 | Facade about Fiberglass mesh 4*4 (roll) | roll | 2127 |
| 1.8 | Silicate paint ST54 15l/bucket (two layers) | bucket | 5820 |
| 1.9 | Insulation boards 120 density Rockwool FacadeButts OPTIMA | m 2 | 650 |
| 1.10 | Preparatory work, Ceresit soil | m 2 | 93,6 |
| 1.11 | Installation of insulation boards on adhesives and mushrooms | m 2 | 561,6 |
| 1.12 | Base layer for plaster with mesh | m 2 | 292,5 |
| 1.13 | Applying pebble-type finishing plaster | m 2 | 222,3 |
| 1.14 | Painting on plaster | m 2 | 152,1 |
| 2 | Porcelain tiles | ||
| 2.1 | Porcelain tiles "ESTIMA" (Estima) | m 2 | 570 |
| 2.2 | Porcelain slabs LLC "ZKS" Ural granite | m 2 | 750 |
| 2.3 | Kerama Marazz porcelain tiles | m 2 | 780 |
| 2.4 | Installation of slabs | m 2 | 1400 |
| 3 | Metal cassettes | ||
| 3.1 | Metal cassettes open type 0.7 mm | m 2 | 890 |
| 3.2 | Open type metal cassettes 1 mm | m 2 | 1030 |
| 3.3 | Open type metal cassettes 1.2 mm | m 2 | 1060 |
| 3.4 | Closed metal cassettes 0.7 mm | m 2 | 950 |
| 3.5 | Closed metal cassettes 1 mm | m 2 | 1090 |
| 3.6 | Closed metal cassettes 1.2 mm | m 2 | 1140 |
| 3.7 | Laminated metal cassettes 0.7 mm | m 2 | 1600 |
| 3.8 | Laminated metal cassettes 1 mm | m 2 | 1800 |
| 3.9 | Laminated metal cassettes 1.2 mm | m 2 | 1920 |
| 3.10 | 3D facade cassettes 0.7 mm | m 2 | 1200 |
| 3.11 | 3D facade cassettes 1 mm | m 2 | 1400 |
| 3.12 | 3D facade cassettes 1.2 mm | m 2 | 1520 |
| 3.13 | Perforated metal cassettes 0.7 mm | m 2 | 1220 |
| 3.14 | Perforated metal cassettes 1 mm | m 2 | 1420 |
| 3.15 | Perforated metal cassettes 1.2 mm | m 2 | 1620 |
| 3.16 | Copper panels 1 mm | m 2 | 2700 |
| 3.17 | Copper panels 1.2 mm | m 2 | 2950 |
| 3.18 | Installation of cassettes | m 2 | 1350 |
| 4 | Composite | ||
| 4.1 | Alcotek 1220 x 2100 x 3 mm G1 | m 2 | 1250 |
| 4.2 | Alkotek 1500 x 8000 x 4 mm G1 | m 2 | 1300 |
| 4.3 | Kraspan 1250 x 2000 x 2 mm G1 | m 2 | 1160 |
| 4.4 | Kraspan 1250 x 4000 x 4 mm G1 | m 2 | 1280 |
| 4.5 | Installation | m 2 | 1620 |
| 5 | Fiber cement | ||
| 5.1 | 8 mm plate (painted in RAL color) | m 2 | 1220 |
| 5.2 | 10 mm plate (painted in RAL color) | m 2 | 1420 |
| 5.3 | LTM slab 10 mm | m 2 | 1450 |
| 5.4 | Plate Rospan 10 mm | m 2 | 1410 |
| 5.5 | Installation | m 2 | 1720 |
| 6 | Clinker | ||
| 6.1 | WhiteHills London Brick | m 2 | 1650 |
| 6.2 | WhiteHills Bremen Brick | m 2 | 1670 |
| 6.3 | White Hills Toledo | m 2 | 1750 |
| 6.4 | Ronson Standard | m 2 | 1780 |
| 6.5 | WhiteHills Norwich Brick | m 2 | 1850 |
| 6.6 | WhiteHills Cascade Range | m 2 | 1990 |
| 6.7 | White Hills Chinon | m 2 | 2140 |
| 6.8 | White Hills Sheffield | m 2 | 2280 |
| 6.9 | White Hills White Cliffs | m 2 | 3270 |
| 6.10 | Installation | m 2 | 2570 |
| 7 | Metal siding | ||
| 7.1 | under timber 0.5 mm | m 2 | 334 |
| 7.2 | block house 0.5 mm | m 2 | 370 |
| 7.3 | ship board 0.5 mm | m 2 | 335 |
| 7.4 | eco-beam 0.5 mm | m 2 | 382 |
| 7.5 | Installation | m 2 | 1250 |
| 8 | Vinyl | ||
| 8.1 | "Alta-Profile" "KANADA plus" | m 2 | 1000 |
| 8.2 | "Mitten" | m 2 | 1400 |
| 8.3 | "Alaska" (ALASKA) | m 2 | 500 |
| 8.4 | "Tecos" series "Ardennes - ship timber" | m 2 | 712 |
| 8.5 | Fine Beer | m 2 | 640 |
| 8.6 | "Grand Line" | m 2 | 660 |
| 8.7 | Installation | m 2 | 1000 |
