Appendix 7
To P.2.2.7.
|
AGREED |
I approve |
|
|
_________________________ |
_________________________ |
|
|
(head of the body, |
(company manager) |
|
|
_________________________ |
_________________________ |
|
|
State fire service) |
||
|
"__"___________200__ g |
"__"___________200__ g |
POSITION
ABOUT FIRE SAFETY TRAINING
(approximate version)
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. Measures Training Regulations fire safety(hereinafter referred to as the Regulations) establishes the types and procedure for conducting special education employees of the enterprise, including contractors performing work at the enterprise.
1.2. Enterprise managers, chief specialists, heads of structural divisions, engineers and specialists, persons appointed responsible for fire safety, as well as those performing work with increased fire hazard, before starting independent work (taking office), must undergo training in the fire-technical minimum system in accordance with Section 2 of the Regulations.
1.3. The person responsible for fire safety of the enterprise and heads of departments are obliged to organize lifelong learning fire safety measures for employees of the enterprise upon hiring and at the workplace (fire safety briefings) in accordance with section 3 of the Regulations.
1.4. The organization of timely and high-quality special training, briefings and tests of trainees’ knowledge of fire safety issues at the enterprise is assigned to the person responsible for fire safety of the enterprise, and in structural divisions (shop, site, laboratory, workshop, etc.) - to the heads of the relevant departments.
1.5. Admission to work of persons who have not completed training in fire safety measures or have not passed the test (exam) is prohibited.
2. TRAINING PROCEDURE IN THE FIRE TECHNICAL MINIMUM SYSTEM
2.1. Fire technical minimum carried out with the aim of bringing to the attention of managers and chief specialists of enterprises, persons responsible for fire safety of enterprise departments, as well as those engaged in work with increased fire danger (electricians, welders, warehouse workers, construction and other professions, which are subject to additional safety requirements labor), and checking their knowledge of the main provisions of current regulatory technical documents in the field of fire safety.
2.2. Installed next order training in the fire-technical minimum system:
2.2.1. Managers and chief specialists (technologists, mechanics, power engineers, etc.) of enterprises are trained off-the-job at specialized training centers (hereinafter referred to as the training center), licensed by the State Fire Service (hereinafter referred to as the State Fire Service) for the right to train in fire safety measures .
The listed persons undergo training once every three years.
2.2.2. Heads of departments, persons responsible for ensuring fire safety in the departments of the enterprise, engineering and technical workers in explosion- and fire-hazardous areas (shops), and persons performing work associated with an increased fire hazard are trained directly at the enterprises.
Training is carried out once a year in the fire-technical minimum system, by a person (service) appointed by order of the head of the enterprise or the training center.
2.3. Training in the fire-technical minimum system is carried out according to programs agreed with the territorial (local, site) governing body of the State Fire Service or its division.
As a result of the training, managers and chief specialists of enterprises and persons responsible for fire safety of enterprise departments should know:
- basic legislative and other regulatory technical documents on fire safety;
- main tasks to be solved fire prevention at the enterprise,
- basic rights and obligations of the enterprise, as one of the elements of the fire safety system;
- organizational basis for ensuring fire safety at the enterprise: analysis of fire safety of the enterprise, development of orders, instructions and regulations establishing proper fire mode on-site, training workers in fire safety measures adopted at the enterprise;
- measures aimed at preventing fire at the enterprise;
- provision procedure fire protection enterprises;
- the procedure for investigating, recording and recording cases of fires, victims and deaths in fires, determining material damage from fires at the enterprise;
- the procedure for organizing voluntary fire-fighting units at the enterprise, ensuring their activities; rights, responsibilities and benefits provided to volunteer firefighters.
2.4. At the end of the fire-technical minimum course, students pass tests (exams) in the scope of the studied program of the commission of the training plant, or created at the enterprise by order (instruction) of the manager, consisting of at least three people.
The commission created at the enterprise may include representatives of training centers and employees of the State Fire Service.
2.5. Test questions for tests (exams) are developed by educational institutions or enterprises, taking into account the specifics of production and in accordance with the functions performed by the students.
2.6. When conducting tests (exams) using computer training tools, testing programs must provide the ability to use them in training mode and preliminary familiarization with test questions.
2.7. The results of tests (exams) are registered in the industrial training journal and are drawn up in the form of minutes of the commission meeting, which is signed by the commission members.
2.8. Persons who have completed training and passed the test (exam) in the fire-technical minimum course are given a certificate signed by the chairman of the commission, certified by the seal of the enterprise that issued the certificate, and the date of subsequent re-certification is indicated.
2.9. Persons who fail the test (exam) due to unsatisfactory preparation are required to undergo a re-test within a month. Unsatisfactory results of re-inspection are grounds for prohibiting employees from fulfilling their functional responsibilities(performance of work) and termination employment contract(contract).
2.10. Workers who are trained in the fire-technical minimum system may be exempt from introductory and primary fire safety briefings.
3. FIRE INSTRUCTIONS
3.1. Based on the nature and timing of fire safety briefings, they are divided into introductory, primary at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted, and are carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.0.004.
3.2. Instructions are carried out according to the fire safety rules adopted at the enterprise, set out in the instructions, and other regulatory documents on fire safety issues in a room specially equipped for these purposes.
3.3. Introductory briefing is carried out by a person who has been trained in the fire technical minimum system and is responsible for the fire safety of the enterprise.
Option. Depending on the organizational structure of the enterprise, induction training can be carried out by qualified specialists from the fire safety service (occupational health and safety), departmental fire department.
3.4. Initial fire safety training at the workplace is carried out before the start of production activities. Instructions are given to all employees by those responsible for fire safety of the enterprise departments, who have been trained in the fire-technical minimum system.
The training program is approved by the head of the relevant structural unit (head of a workshop, department, etc.) or the head of the enterprise (his deputy).
The program is coordinated with the fire safety department (bureau, engineer) (chief of the fire safety department) and the trade union committee of the enterprise division.
Approximate list of main questions of primary fire safety training at work:
- a brief description of fire hazard of units, equipment, substances and materials circulating in production. Possible reasons fire occurrences and measures to prevent them;
- fire safety rules (instructions) established for the employee of a given premises, area or structure. Requirements for the maintenance of escape routes. Types and functions existing systems fire protection ( fire alarm and automatic fire extinguishing);
- responsibilities in case of fire. Means of communication and location of the nearest telephone. The procedure for calling the fire department, notifying people, and carrying out evacuation. Methods of using fire extinguishing and alarm systems available on the site, their locations.
Instruction is carried out with each employee or student individually with a practical demonstration of safe techniques and work methods. Initial instruction is possible with a group of people servicing the same type of equipment and within a common workplace.
All workers, including graduates of vocational schools, training and production (course) plants, after initial fire safety instruction at the workplace must, during the first 2-4 shifts (depending on the nature of the work, the qualifications of the employee), undergo an internship under the supervision of persons appointed by order (by order, decision) for a workshop (site, cooperative, etc.).
Employees who have at least 3 years of experience in their specialty and who move from one workshop to another may be exempt from on-the-job training if the nature of their work and the type of equipment on which they previously worked do not change.
Workers are allowed to independent work after an internship, testing of theoretical knowledge and acquired skills safe ways work.
3.5. All workers, regardless of qualifications, education, experience, or the nature of the work performed, undergo repeated fire safety training at least once every six months.
Enterprises, organizations in agreement with trade union committees and relevant local bodies state supervision For some categories of workers, a longer period (up to 1 year) for repeated fire safety training may be established.
Instruction is carried out individually or with a group of workers servicing the same type of equipment and within a common workplace according to the program of primary fire safety instruction at the workplace in full.
3.6. Unscheduled fire safety training is carried out by:
- upon the introduction of new or revised standards, rules, instructions on fire safety, as well as amendments to them;
- when it changes technological process, replacement or modernization of equipment, fixtures and tools, raw materials, materials and other factors affecting fire safety,
- in case of violation of fire safety requirements by workers and students, which can lead or have led to injury, accident, explosion or fire;
- at the request of supervisory authorities;
- during breaks in work - for work for which additional (increased) labor safety requirements are imposed for more than 30 calendar days, and for other work - 60 days.
Unscheduled fire safety training is carried out individually or with a group of workers of the same profession. The scope and content of the briefing is determined in each specific case, depending on the reasons and circumstances that necessitated its implementation.
3.7. Targeted fire safety training is carried out when performing one-time work not related to direct responsibilities in the specialty; liquidation of consequences of accidents, natural disasters and catastrophes; production of work for which a permit, permit and other documents are issued; conducting excursions at the enterprise, organizing public events with students.
3.8. Primary fire safety briefings at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted ones are carried out by the immediate supervisor of the work (responsible for fire safety of the enterprise unit, head of the fire department).
3.9. Fire safety briefings at the workplace are completed by testing knowledge by oral questioning or with the help of technical means training, as well as testing acquired skills in safe working methods and actions in case of fire, and the use of primary fire extinguishing agents. The knowledge is checked by the employee who conducted the instruction.
Persons who have demonstrated unsatisfactory knowledge to work independently or practical classes are not allowed and must undergo training again.
3.10. About the conduct of initial fire safety training at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled, internship and admission to work, the person conducting the training makes an entry in the logbook for registering the training at the workplace and (or) in a personal card (according to GOST 12.0.004) with the obligatory signature of the person being instructed and instructing. When registering an unscheduled briefing, indicate the reason for it.
3.11. Targeted briefing with employees carrying out work under work permits, permits, etc. recorded in the work permit or other documentation authorizing the execution of work.
Norms
fire safety "Training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations"
I. General provisions
1. Fire safety standards “Training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations” (hereinafter referred to as the Fire Safety Standards) establish fire safety requirements for the organization of training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations.
2. Responsibility for organizing and timely training in the field of fire safety and testing the knowledge of fire safety rules for employees of organizations lies with the administrations (owners) of these organizations, officials of organizations, and entrepreneurs without education legal entity, as well as employees who have entered into an employment contract with the employer in the manner prescribed by law Russian Federation.
3. Control over the organization of training in fire safety measures for employees of organizations is carried out by state fire supervision bodies.
4. The main types of training for employees of organizations in fire safety measures are fire safety briefing and learning the minimum fire-technical knowledge (hereinafter referred to as the fire-technical minimum).
II. Fire safety training
5. Fire safety briefing is carried out with the aim of communicating to employees of organizations the basic fire safety requirements, studying the fire hazard of technological processes of production and equipment, fire protection equipment, as well as their actions in the event of a fire.
6. Fire safety training is carried out by the administration (owner) of the organization according to special training programs on fire safety measures for employees of organizations (hereinafter referred to as special programs) and in the manner determined by the administration (owner) of the organization (hereinafter referred to as the head of the organization).
7. When conducting fire safety training, the specifics of the organization’s activities should be taken into account.
8. Conducting fire safety training includes familiarizing employees of organizations with:
- rules for maintaining the territory, buildings (structures) and premises, including evacuation routes, external and internal water supply, fire warning systems and management of the evacuation process;
- fire safety requirements, based on the specific fire hazard of technological processes, production facilities and facilities;
- measures to ensure fire safety during the operation of buildings (structures), equipment, and the performance of fire hazardous work;
- rules for the use of open fire and hot work;
- responsibilities and actions of workers in case of fire, rules for calling the fire department, rules for the use of fire extinguishing means and fire automatic installations.
9. Based on the nature and timing of the fire safety briefing, it is divided into: introductory, primary at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted.
10. An entry is made in the fire safety briefing logbook about the conduct of introductory, primary, repeated, unscheduled, targeted fire safety briefings with the obligatory signature of the person being instructed and the person instructing.
11. Introductory fire safety training is carried out:
- with all employees newly hired, regardless of their education, length of service in the profession (position);
- with seasonal workers;
- with students arriving for on-the-job training or internship;
- with other categories of employees (citizens) by decision of the manager.
12. Introductory fire safety briefing in an organization is carried out by the head of the organization or the person responsible for fire safety, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization.
13. Introductory briefing is carried out in a specially equipped room using visual aids and educational materials.
14. Introductory briefing is carried out according to a program developed taking into account the requirements of standards, rules, regulations and instructions on fire safety. Program induction training approved by order (instruction) of the head of the organization. The duration of the instruction is set in accordance with the approved program.
15. Introductory fire safety briefing ends with practical training of actions in the event of a fire and testing of knowledge of fire extinguishing equipment and fire protection systems.
16. Primary fire safety training is carried out directly at the workplace:
- with all newly hired employees;
- with those transferred from one division of this organization to another;
- with employees performing new work for them;
- with employees seconded to the organization;
- with seasonal workers;
- with construction specialists performing construction, installation and other work on the territory of the organization;
- with students arriving for on-the-job training or internship.
17. Conducting initial fire safety training for the specified categories of workers is carried out by the person responsible for ensuring fire safety in each structural unit, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization.
18. Primary fire safety training is carried out according to a program developed taking into account the requirements of standards, rules, regulations and instructions on fire safety. The induction training program is approved by the head of the organization’s structural unit or the person responsible for fire safety of the structural unit.
19. Primary fire safety training is carried out with each employee individually, with practical demonstration and training of skills in using primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, evacuation rules, and assistance to victims.
20. All employees of an organization that has fire-hazardous production, as well as those working in buildings (structures) with large numbers of people (over 50 people) must practically demonstrate the ability to act in case of fire and use primary fire extinguishing means.
21. Primary fire safety briefing is possible with a group of people servicing the same type of equipment and within a common workplace.
22. Repeated fire safety briefing is carried out by the person responsible for fire safety, appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization with all employees, regardless of qualifications, education, experience, nature of the work performed, at least once a year, and with employees of organizations with a fire hazard production, at least once every six months.
23. Repeated fire safety training is carried out in accordance with the training schedule approved by the head of the organization.
24. Repeated fire safety briefing is carried out individually or with a group of workers servicing the same type of equipment within a common workplace according to the program of primary fire safety briefing at the workplace.
25. During the repeated fire safety briefing, knowledge of fire safety standards, rules, norms and instructions, the ability to use primary fire extinguishing equipment, knowledge of evacuation routes, fire warning systems and management of the evacuation process are tested.
26. Unscheduled fire safety training is carried out:
- when introducing new or changing previously developed rules, regulations, fire safety instructions, and other documents containing fire safety requirements;
- when changing the production process, replacing or upgrading equipment, tools, raw materials, materials, as well as changing other factors affecting fire condition object;
- in case of violation by employees of the organization of fire safety requirements, which could lead or did lead to a fire;
- for additional study of fire safety measures at the request of state fire supervision authorities when they identify insufficient knowledge among employees of the organization;
- during breaks in work, more than 30 calendar days, and for other work - 60 calendar days (for work that is subject to additional fire safety requirements);
- upon receipt of information materials about accidents and fires that occurred in similar industries;
- when establishing facts of unsatisfactory knowledge of fire safety requirements by employees of organizations.
27. Unscheduled fire safety briefing is carried out by an employee responsible for ensuring fire safety in the organization, or directly by the work manager (foreman, engineer) who has necessary preparation individually or with a group of workers of the same profession. The volume and content of unscheduled fire safety briefings are determined in each specific case, depending on the reasons and circumstances that necessitated the need for it.
28. Targeted fire safety training is carried out:
- when performing one-time work associated with an increased fire danger (welding and other hot work);
- when eliminating the consequences of accidents, natural disasters and catastrophes;
- when performing work for which a permit is issued, when performing hot work in explosive industries;
- when conducting excursions to organizations;
- when organizing public events with students;
- when preparing for the organization of events with a large number of people (collegium meetings, meetings, conferences, meetings, etc.), with the number of participants more than 50 people.
29. Targeted fire safety briefing is carried out by the person responsible for ensuring fire safety in the organization, or directly by the work manager (foreman, engineer) and in established by the rules fire safety cases - in the work permit for work.
30. Targeted fire safety briefing ends with a test of the employee’s acquired knowledge and skills in using primary fire extinguishing equipment, actions in the event of a fire, knowledge of evacuation rules, assistance to victims, by the person conducting the instruction.
III. Fire technical minimum
31. Managers, specialists and employees of organizations responsible for fire safety are trained in the fire-technical minimum in the amount of knowledge of the requirements of regulatory legal acts regulating fire safety, in terms of the fire regime, the fire hazard of the technological process and production of the organization, as well as techniques and actions when the occurrence of a fire in an organization, allowing one to develop practical skills in preventing fire, saving life, health and property in case of fire.
32. Fire-technical minimum training for managers, specialists and employees of organizations not related to fire and explosion hazardous production is carried out within a month after hiring and thereafter at least once every three years after the last training, and for managers, specialists and employees of organizations related to fire and explosion hazardous production, once a year.
33. Employees of organizations who have the qualification of a fire safety engineer (technician), as well as employees of the federal executive body authorized to solve problems in the field of fire safety and its structural divisions, teachers of educational institutions teaching the discipline "fire safety", having continuous experience Work in the field of fire safety for at least five years; within a year after entering the job (service), they may not undergo training in the fire safety technical minimum.
34. Responsibilities for organizing fire safety training in the organization rest with its head.
35. Firefighting technical minimum training is organized both off- and on-the-job.
36. Training in fire-technical minimum according to special programs developed and approved in accordance with the established procedure, with a break from production, is carried out by:
- managers and chief specialists of the organization or persons performing their duties;
- employees responsible for fire safety of organizations and conducting fire safety training;
- heads of primary organizations of voluntary fire protection;
- heads of country health institutions for children and adolescents;
- workers performing gas-electric welding and other hot work;
- drivers of fire trucks and mechanics of motor pumps of children's health institutions;
- other categories of employees (citizens) by decision of the manager.
37. Off-the-job training is carried out in educational institutions fire-technical profile, training centers Federal Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, educational and methodological centers for civil defense And emergency situations constituent entities of the Russian Federation, territorial divisions of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, in organizations that provide, in accordance with the established procedure, services for training the population in fire safety measures.
38. Managers and specialists of organizations with explosion- and fire-hazardous production facilities are recommended to undergo training in specialized training centers where special training grounds are equipped that take into account the specifics of production.
39. According to special fire-technical minimum programs developed and approved in accordance with the established procedure, the following are trained directly in the organization:
- heads of departments of the organization, managers and chief specialists of fire and explosion hazardous production departments;
- employees responsible for ensuring fire safety in departments;
- teaching staff preschool educational institutions;
- employees providing 24-hour security for the organization;
- citizens participating in the activities of fire departments to prevent and (or) extinguish fires on a voluntary basis;
- workers involved in performing explosion and fire hazardous work.
40. Training in special fire-technical minimum programs directly in the organization is carried out by the head of the organization or by a person appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, responsible for fire safety, who has appropriate training.
IV. Testing knowledge of fire safety rules
41. Testing the knowledge of fire safety requirements of managers, specialists and employees of the organization is carried out upon completion of fire-technical minimum training outside of work and is carried out by a qualification commission appointed by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, consisting of at least three people.
42. The qualification commission includes managers and full-time teaching staff of educational organizations and, by agreement, specialists from federal executive authorities, executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, authorities local government, state fire supervision authorities.
43. To test the knowledge of fire safety requirements of workers who have been trained in the fire safety technical minimum in an organization on the job, by order (instruction) of the head of the organization, a qualification commission is created consisting of at least three people who have been trained and tested their knowledge of fire safety requirements in the established manner ok.
44. The qualification commission for testing knowledge of fire safety requirements consists of a chairman, deputy (deputies) chairman and members of the commission, secretary.
45. Employees undergoing a knowledge test must be familiarized in advance with the program and schedule of the knowledge test.
46. An extraordinary test of knowledge of fire safety requirements for employees of an organization, regardless of the date of the previous test, is carried out:
- when approving new or amending regulatory legal acts containing fire safety requirements (in this case, knowledge of only these regulatory legal acts is tested);
- when commissioning new equipment and changes in technological processes that require additional knowledge of fire safety rules for workers (in this case, knowledge of fire safety requirements associated with the corresponding changes is checked);
- when assigning or transferring employees to another job, if new duties require additional knowledge on fire safety (before they begin to perform their job duties);
- on demand officials the state fire supervision body, other departmental control bodies, as well as the head (or his authorized person) of the organization when establishing violations of fire safety requirements and insufficient knowledge of fire safety requirements;
- after fires have occurred, as well as when identifying violations by employees of the organization of the requirements of regulatory legal acts on fire safety;
- if there is a break in work in this position for more than one year;
- when carrying out supervision activities by state fire supervision authorities.
47. The scope and procedure for an extraordinary test of knowledge of fire safety requirements are determined by the party initiating it.
48. List test questions to test the knowledge of employees of organizations under the jurisdiction of federal executive authorities, it is developed by the relevant federal executive authorities, taking into account the specifics of production activities and necessarily includes a practical part (actions in case of fire, the use of primary fire extinguishing means).
49. For other organizations, a list of control questions is developed by the heads (owners) of organizations or employees responsible for fire safety.
50. Control over the timely testing of knowledge of fire safety requirements for employees is carried out by the head of the organization.
Zhilin O.I.
Lecturer at the Moscow Institute of Energy Security and Energy Saving,
Candidate of Technical Sciences
Organization of personnel training in fire safety measures
The content of the article is based on the requirements of laws, by-laws and regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and the city of Moscow in the field of fire safety. The author has proposed a number practical recommendations on preparation of documentation necessary for training workers in fire safety measures. The material is intended for managers and officials of enterprises, institutions and organizations.
An analysis of the causes of fires shows that most of them are caused by people as a result of careless handling of fire, violation of equipment operation rules, improper organization and conduct of fire-hazardous work (Fig. 1). At the same time, Russia leads in the number of fire victims. So if in Russia in 2001 the number of deaths per 1 million people was 127 people, then in Japan - 17, in the USA - 15, in the UK - 10 people.
The presented statistical data indicate insufficient training of the population, including personnel of enterprises and organizations, in preventing fires, the procedure for action in case of their occurrence, and ensuring timely evacuation of people.
Training of workers in fire safety measures in the Russian Federation is regulated by the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On Fire Safety” (Articles 25; 37); Fire safety rules in the Russian Federation (PPB 01-03) (Article 7; 15), and in Moscow also the Moscow City Law “On Fire Safety” (Article 14; 22); Fire safety rules for the city of Moscow (Article 1.1.6; 1.2.3; 3.1.3b). The procedure for training in fire safety measures in the city of Moscow is established in the following documents:
Regulations on training in fire safety measures at enterprises, institutions and organizations of the city of Moscow (Appendix No. 1 to the Fire Safety Rules for the city of Moscow);
Methodological recommendations on the procedure for training in fire safety measures at enterprises, organizations, institutions and their branches in Moscow (Appendix No. 1 to the order of the First Deputy Prime Minister of the Moscow Government dated May 14, 1997 No. 508-RZP “On the procedure for training in the field of fire safety” )*.
The organization of timely and high-quality special training, briefings and testing of trainees’ knowledge of fire safety issues at the enterprise is entrusted to the head of the enterprise, and in structural units (shop, section, laboratory, workshop, etc.) - to the heads of the relevant departments or persons appointed by order of the head of the enterprise.
Admission to work of persons who have not completed training in fire safety measures or have not passed the test (exam) is prohibited.
Employees of enterprises, depending on their position and type of activity, must undergo the following types of training:
The procedure and timing of fire safety briefings and fire safety training must be established by administrative document (for organizations and enterprises located in the city of Moscow - by order). The recommended form of the order is presented in Appendix No. 1.
Fire safety briefings
The fire safety rules for the city of Moscow establish the following procedure for conducting fire safety training.
Based on the nature and timing of fire safety briefings, they are divided into introductory, primary at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted, which are carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.0.004.
Instructions are carried out according to the fire safety rules adopted by the enterprise, set out in instructions and other regulatory documents on fire safety, in a room specially equipped for these purposes.
The program for conducting introductory fire safety training is approved by the head (deputy, chief engineer) of the enterprise.
An approximate list of the main questions of introductory fire safety training:
If the enterprise has a departmental or voluntary fire department, introductory fire safety training is carried out in specially equipped classrooms of these departments by a specially designated employee (the head of the fire department).
Options for a general facility instruction on fire safety measures and an introductory fire safety briefing program are presented in Appendices No. 2 and 3, respectively.
The person who conducted the briefing makes an entry in the introductory briefing logbook (Appendix No. 4) about the conduct of the introductory fire safety briefing.
Initial fire safety training at the workplace is carried out before the start of production activities. Instructions are given to all workers by those responsible for fire safety of the enterprise departments.
The training program is approved by the head of the relevant structural unit (head of a workshop, department, etc.) or the head of the enterprise (his deputy).
The program is coordinated with the fire safety department (bureau, engineer) (chief of the fire safety department) and the trade union committee of the enterprise division.
An approximate list of the main questions of primary fire safety briefing in the workplace:
A version of the initial fire safety briefing program is presented in Appendix No. 5.
Instruction is carried out with each employee or student individually with a practical demonstration of safe techniques and work methods. Initial instruction is possible with a group of people servicing the same type of equipment and within a common workplace.
In accordance with PPB 01-03 (Article 16) in buildings and structures (except residential buildings) when more than 10 people are on the floor at a time, plans (schemes) for evacuation of people in case of fire must be developed and posted in prominent places, and a system (installation) for warning people about a fire must be provided. A version of the evacuation plan is presented in Appendix No. 5. At facilities with large numbers of people (50 or more people), in addition to the schematic plan for evacuation of people in case of fire, instructions must be developed that determine the actions of personnel to ensure the safe and quick evacuation of people, according to which at least Once every six months, practical training should be conducted for all workers involved in the evacuation.
All workers, including graduates of vocational schools, training and production (course) plants, after initial fire safety instruction at the workplace must, during the first 2–14 shifts (depending on the nature of the work, the qualifications of the employee), undergo an internship under the supervision of persons appointed by order (by order, decision) for a workshop (site, cooperative, etc.).
Employees who have at least 3 years of experience in their specialty and who move from one workshop to another may be exempt from on-the-job training if the nature of their work and the type of equipment on which they previously worked do not change.
Workers are allowed to work independently after an internship, testing of theoretical knowledge and acquired skills in safe working methods.
All workers, regardless of qualifications, education, experience, or the nature of the work performed, undergo repeated fire safety training at least once every six months.
Enterprises and organizations, in agreement with trade union committees and relevant local government supervision bodies, may set a longer period (up to 1 year) for repeated fire safety training for certain categories of workers.
Instruction is carried out individually or with a group of workers servicing the same type of equipment and within a common workplace according to the program of primary fire safety instruction at the workplace in full.
Unscheduled fire safety training is carried out by:
Unscheduled fire safety training is carried out individually or with a group of workers of the same profession. The scope and content of the briefing is determined in each specific case, depending on the reasons and circumstances that necessitated its implementation.
Targeted fire safety training is carried out when performing one-time work not related to direct responsibilities in the specialty; liquidation of consequences of accidents, natural disasters and catastrophes; production of work for which a permit, permit and other documents are issued; conducting excursions at the enterprise, organizing public events with students.
Primary fire safety briefings at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled and targeted ones are carried out by the immediate supervisor of the work (responsible for fire safety of the enterprise unit, head of the fire department).
Fire safety briefings at the workplace are completed by testing knowledge by oral questioning or using technical training tools, as well as testing the acquired skills of safe work methods and actions in case of fire, and the use of primary fire extinguishing agents. The knowledge is checked by the employee who conducted the instruction.
Persons who have demonstrated unsatisfactory knowledge are not allowed to work independently or undergo practical training and are required to undergo instruction again.
About the initial fire safety briefing at the workplace, repeated, unscheduled, internship and admission to work, the person who conducted the briefing makes an entry in the logbook for registering the briefing at the workplace (the form is presented in Appendix No. 10) and (or) in a personal card (according to GOST 12.0.004) with the obligatory signature of the person being instructed and the person instructing. When registering an unscheduled briefing, indicate the reason for it.
Targeted briefing with employees carrying out work under a permit, permit, etc. is recorded in the permit or other documentation authorizing the work.
The procedure for training in the fire-technical minimum system
The head of the enterprise, chief specialists, persons appointed responsible for fire safety, as well as those performing work with an increased fire danger, must undergo training in the fire-technical minimum system before starting independent work (taking office).
The following training procedure is established in the fire-technical minimum system: managers and chief specialists (technologists, mechanics, power engineers, etc.) of enterprises undergo off-the-job training in specialized training centers (hereinafter referred to as the training center), licensed by the State Fire Service (hereinafter referred to as the State Fire Service) for the right to train in fire safety measures.
The listed persons undergo training once every three years.
Heads of departments, persons responsible for ensuring fire safety in the departments of the enterprise, engineering and technical workers in explosion- and fire-hazardous areas (shops), and persons performing work associated with increased fire danger are trained directly at the enterprises.
Training is carried out once a year in the fire-technical minimum system by a person (service) appointed by order of the head of the enterprise, or in a training plant outside of production.
Training in the fire-technical minimum system is carried out according to programs and within the time limits agreed upon with the territorial management body of the State Fire Service in accordance with the Methodological Recommendations.
As a result of the training, managers and chief specialists of enterprises and persons responsible for fire safety of enterprise departments should know:
At the end of the fire-technical minimum course, students pass tests (exams) in the scope of the studied program of the commission of the training plant, or created at the enterprise by order (instruction) of the manager, consisting of at least three people.
The commission created at the enterprise must necessarily include representatives of training centers and State Fire Service employees.
Test questions for tests (exams) are developed by educational institutions or enterprises, taking into account the specifics of production and in accordance with the functions performed by the students.
When conducting tests (exams) using computer training tools, testing programs must provide the ability to use them in training mode and preliminary familiarization with test questions.
The results of tests (exams) are recorded in the industrial training journal and are drawn up in the form of minutes of the commission meeting, which are signed by the commission members and the State Border Service representative.
A version of the protocol is presented in Appendix No. 7.
Persons who have completed training and passed the test (exam) in the fire-technical minimum course are given a certificate signed by the chairman of the commission, certified by the seal of the enterprise that issued the certificate, and the date of subsequent re-certification is indicated. The form of the protocol is presented in Appendix No. 8.
Persons who fail the test (exam) due to unsatisfactory preparation are required to undergo a re-test within a month. Unsatisfactory results of the re-inspection are grounds for prohibiting employees from performing their functional duties (performing work) and terminating the employment agreement (contract) with the employer.
