Features of cement bonded particle boards. Cement particle boards (CSP) CSP sheet overall dimensions

Cement particle boards (CPB) are a whole class of building materials with different characteristics.

They are used for various purposes, using the advantages that they have over traditional finishing and structural materials.

The scope of application directly depends on the type and density of the DSP, so we recommend that you read the articles:

Production of CBPB: step by step guide, regulatory documents and necessary equipment.
Fibrolite.

In these articles we talked about various types cement particle boards, as well as differences in the original components and their proportions.

Even with the same density, the basic parameters of TsSP-1 and TsSP-2 boards are very different from fiberboard boards of any type. This associated with different amounts of cement, as well as different requirements for wood filler.

what can DSP be used for?
how to choose materials for a particular application;
what are the advantages of properly selected slabs over other materials;
how to attach panels to walls or wooden floor what to saw, glue together, prime and how to process the DSP differently;
how to lay tiles on DSP;
how to paint the facade of a building on which DSPs are installed, and how to protect this material from moisture and other negative factors.

Here are the main areas in which cement bonded particle boards can be used:

structural elements (walls and partitions);
insulation of walls, floors and ceilings;
soundproofing;
external and internal finishing;
permanent insulating formwork;
creation of greenhouses, beds and other areas.

Structural elements

From the DSP you can create various partitions dividing the room into separate zones or parts.

Due to their high rigidity and strength, slabs in this area are not inferior to such materials as:

wooden plank;
plywood;

However for creating partitions and walls according to technology without a supporting frame, only cement-bonded particle boards with a density of over 1000 kg/m 3 are suitable, and best results show TsSP-1 and TsSP-2.

Fiberboard slabs with equal density are less durable, because they contain less cement.

However, it will not be possible to make full-fledged large walls from this material due to the size of the sheet, because the maximum width does not exceed 125 cm, so the sheets will have to be stacked on top of each other.

Therefore, to create full walls and large partitions necessary load-bearing frame , but the same limitation applies to others structural elements, comparable in size.

The exception is cases when it is possible to place cement-bonded particle boards vertically and securely fasten them at the top and bottom.

Moreover, such a wall will only fulfill decorative function and is not designed for any kind of force.

With a slab thickness of 30–50 mm, a door or arched opening can be embedded into a wall of such a structure, the main thing is that its width does not exceed 1.5 times the width of the DSP slab.

If the width of the area that needs to be partitioned does not exceed the width of one sheet, and no force is applied to it, then a material with a thickness of 10–15 mm can be used (when using fiberboard boards, the thickness must be increased to 20 mm).

At the same time, compared to other structural materials of the same thickness, CBPB will provide much more high level noise and heat insulation.

Insulation for house facades and walls, floors, ceilings

To insulate a house, you can either use DSP inside or cover the façade of the house with this material. It is better to use cement-bonded particle boards of any type as insulation. with a density of 250–350 kg/m 3, however, fiberboard is more effective due to less cement.

Despite the low density, the strength of sheets of any thickness is sufficient to be attached to the wall either with glue or with anchor nails.

DSP is somewhat less efficient compared to foam plastic (thermal conductivity of boards is 0.06, foam plastic is 0.04), but they freely allow water vapor to pass through, due to which the premises always maintain a favorable dry climate.

DSP is only slightly inferior to mineral wool (the thermal conductivity of slabs with a density of 300 kg/m 3 is 0.06, and that of wool is 0.05), but an increase in humidity does not affect their characteristics.

In addition, their can be installed on flat surfaces without a special frame, and to protect against precipitation, a thin layer of plaster or even waterproof, vapor-permeable paint is sufficient.

Despite the fact that polyurethane foam is easier to apply, working with it requires expensive, highly specialized equipment, the price of which starts from 40 thousand rubles.

Besides, polyurethane foam does not allow water vapor to pass through at all, therefore, after insulating it in houses with a not very good ventilation system, the climate becomes damper, and mold and rot also appear.

The costs for working with any type of DSP are much lower, and the equipment can be used for many other jobs.

When insulating ceilings, cement particle boards are hemmed from below using glue and anchor nails or self-tapping screws. However, this method of application can only be used in houses and apartments with durable floors and reliable ceiling lining.

Best suited for these jobs fiberboard boards with a density of 250–350 kg/m3, because they contain more wood than products of the TsSP-1 and TsSP-2 brands. The maximum thickness of the slabs depends on the strength of the floor and the ability to securely attach the insulation to it.

By using of this material It is possible to completely build and install the roof of a house, as well as to build the entire house as a whole.

To insulate the floor, the slabs are laid either on concrete screed, or on the rough flooring.

If the base is not too level, then to level the floor it is advisable to pour a layer of solution, this will allow the maximum potential of the DSP to be realized.

After all, all materials of this type, manufactured according to GOST or international standards, are the same in thickness and have a smooth surface.

Thanks to this, it will be possible to lay parquet, laminate or linoleum on them without additional layer. The optimal density of material such as TsSP-1 and TsSP-2 is 500 kg/m 3, the optimal density of fiberboard is 800–900 kg/m 3.

Quite often they use the technique of laying CBPB on the floor according to wooden joists, and the thickness and density of the slabs required to ensure the strength of the floor in the house, in in this case will depend on the distance between the installed logs.

Laying DSP on the floor, including wood, under tiles is an ideal option in bathrooms.

To begin the installation of tiles, it is enough to use cement-bonded particle boards Apply a couple of coats of regular primer to improve adhesion.

If it is necessary to insulate the base of a heated floor, including if it is mounted under tiles, then the density of the sheets depends on its design. If the heating element is immured in the screed, then it is advisable to use slabs density 300 kg/m 3.

If the heating element is laid between wooden or aluminum supports, then it is advisable to use a material of the same density as for a regular floor.

When insulating the floor with cement-bonded particle boards, it is necessary to ensure reliable waterproofing, since water that gets under the front covering will be absorbed into the insulation, but will have difficulty coming back due to poor air exchange.

Long exposure to high humidity will reduce strength cement-chip floor and will lead to the appearance of mold and rot in the chips, which will negatively affect its thermal insulation properties.

Soundproofing

Residents of Soviet-built multi-storey buildings suffer greatly from poor sound insulation, because in the apartments you can hear everything that happens at a distance of several floors. Often even residents of private houses are looking for ways to improve sound insulation to reduce the level of noise coming into the rooms from the street.

Low-density cement-bonded particle boards, although they are inferior to many modern materials with the same thickness, are very popular due to their minimal cost and ease of installation on walls, floors, etc.

The most effective in this area are fiberboard boards of the GB-1 standard and their magnesite analogues.

The maximum soundproofing effect is achieved not only by increasing the proportion of wood waste, but also by increasing the proportion of wood waste located along the slab. However, TsSP-1 and TsSP-2 slabs with a density of 250–350 kg/m 3 are also good for noise reduction.

To increase the sound insulation effect between the slabs and the wall/ceiling, you need lay a layer of felt 2–6 mm thick.

Having sheathed the ceiling with slabs 2–3 cm thick and laid felt, you lower the level entering the apartment noise tenfold. In this case, it is important to join the slabs tightly so that there are no gaps between them, otherwise the effectiveness of such sound insulation will sharply decrease.

For exterior work and interior decoration

The purpose of outdoor and interior decoration– hide wall defects and make the exterior or interior more attractive. All types of DSP are well suited for rough finishing, over which a fine finish can be applied.

Cement particle boards of any type have high strength, but cannot be used for exterior finishing material with a density of less than 700 kg/m 3, and for internal less than 1000 kg/m 3.

As the density increases, the rigidity and strength of the product increase, which is especially important in regions with frequent strong winds.

Interior finishing material must be able to withstand the screw being screwed in with a small load, therefore, the use of low-density cement particle boards for interior decoration is unjustified.

In most cases, this finishing material must be attached to a special frame that compensates for the unevenness of the walls. In addition, the frame ensures air movement under the finish, due to which condensation on the wall evaporates faster and does not lead to an increase in humidity of the wall or finish.

If the frame is made correctly, then after installing the slabs they form a flat surface, so it is enough to fill the seams between them with mortar or putty, after which the walls are ready for finishing .

The most effective finishing materials are TsSP-1 type slabs with a polished surface.

They are attached to the frame using appropriate screws - to wooden blocks you need self-tapping screws with wood carvings; aluminum or steel profiles require self-tapping screws with metal carvings.

As an interior decoration, sheets based on chip concrete have a significant advantage - they do not emit toxic substances, which cannot be said about:

plywood;
plastic;

The only materials that can significantly compete in terms of environmental safety are natural boards and real MDF, made without the use of glue.

However, they have serious disadvantages compared to cement bonded particle boards:

less rigidity, forcing an increase in the thickness of the finish;
much higher flammability;
higher price.

Therefore, as an environmentally friendly material for interior decoration, all types of DSP have no equal in terms of the totality of all parameters.

do not emit toxic substances in normal conditions;
able to withstand high temperatures for a long time before the process of pyrolysis in sawdust begins;
do not support combustion and go out after the source of open fire disappears;
even during a fire they do not emit toxic substances, with the exception of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, but these substances are released during combustion by any organic matter;
albeit insignificantly, they perform the functions of insulation and sound insulation.

For the exterior decoration of the facade of a house, the most popular are cement-bonded particle boards and panels of the TsSP-1 type with a density of 1100–1400 kg/m3 and a thickness of 1 cm.

With the correct selection of the distance between the frame slats, such exterior decoration of the house easily withstands wind speeds of 40–50 m/s. An example of finishing the facade of a house is shown in the photo below.

Fiber cement boards of the same density must be chosen with a greater thickness due to the lower cement content, so most often for external work a material with a thickness of 15–20 mm is used. He has the same resistance to precipitation and wind load.

Between the wall of the house and the finishing, you can install insulation made of shavings and cement, which has excellent reviews, or other material.

Due to the fact that during rain, water quickly drains from the surface of the façade cladding panels, the slabs do not have time to absorb much water, so even in the event of a sharp drop in temperature after prolonged rain, they will not suffer severe damage.

Treatment with hydrophobic paints for exterior use and preparations that do not affect vapor permeability, further reduces the material’s ability to absorb water.

Thanks to this, any type of DSP as an exterior finish is in no way inferior to traditional plaster.

Thanks to these properties of the material, the ease of its finishing (painting), as well as numerous reviews from residents, the cladding of the facade of the house can be safely called DSP the best option for the climatic conditions of many regions of Russia.

In addition, manufacturers also produce facade panels that do not require additional finishing for cladding houses, including frame wooden ones, performing at the same time a decorative function.

For example, facade and plinth panels under the stone, under the brick, under the crumbs and others.

Such facade panels carry out finishing of the foundation of the house, the basement, including screw piles.

Do-it-yourself permanent insulating formwork

Construction of houses from monolithic concrete is gaining more and more popularity because it allows you to build walls much faster than any other methods.

Permanent formwork not only creates a form for concrete, but performs a warming function, due to which, after the concrete has gained full strength, the wall is completely ready for finishing and does not require additional insulation.

The only one competitor cement particle boards in this application - permanent formwork made of expanded polystyrene(PPS), however, it completely blocks the vapor permeability of the walls, which is why problems begin in houses with a not very good ventilation system.

Unlike polystyrene formwork, which is supplied in the form of ready-made small blocks, formwork made from cement bonded particle boards need to make it yourself.

As in the case of EPS formwork, DSP formwork must be carefully reinforced with numerous bridges to avoid squeezing out the slab with concrete.

This is especially true in the case of using heavy concrete, but it will not be superfluous when pouring foam concrete.

In addition, it is necessary strengthen formwork over the entire area using various pegs and spacers, which will protect it from shifting during filling with concrete and its compaction.

It is advisable to use sheets for the manufacture of formwork density over 1000 kg/m 3, and the thickness of the sheet directly depends on the desired thermal insulation effect.

Therefore, sometimes double formwork is made - an internal sheet of fiberboard with a density of 1200–1400 kg/m3 and a thickness of 10 mm is installed, and a sheet of fiberboard with a thickness of 50–100 mm and a density of 300 kg/m3 is placed close to it.

When using foam concrete, such a design will ensure such a low level of heat loss that even in the conditions of the northern regions no additional insulation required.

However, permanent formwork made from DSP also has minus- her cannot be used below ground level, since under the influence groundwater Over time, wood will lose its thermal insulation properties, and cement stone will collapse.

But as formwork interior walls DSP has no equal, because after the concrete has hardened, the wall surface is ready for finishing, and it also has, albeit small, a heat and sound insulating effect.

Greenhouses and beds

Cement particle boards, even when buried in the ground, capable of standing like this before destruction for several decades, due to which they are often used to create do-it-yourself or fencing greenhouses and beds. After all, boards without special treatment will rot into dust in 3–5 years, and DSP will last 20–40 years without requiring replacement.

Most often, plates are used for this density over 1000 kg/m 3 and thickness 8–12 mm.

Another advantage of cement-bonded particle boards is that greenhouses and garden bed fencing made from CSP look very neat thanks to the smooth walls.

The same effect is created by the carriage board, but its service life and high price do not allow it to compete with CBPB.

Chipboard, plywood and other similar materials also cannot compete with these boards, because even those that are called waterproof quickly collapse once they are in the ground.

If the wall height is small, you can do without a frame by connecting the slabs together using plastic corners, if the height or length of the structure requires the use of several slabs, you cannot do without a frame.

As a frame, you can use either boards impregnated with hydrophobic compounds (such compounds spoil the soil) or structures based on large-diameter polypropylene pipes.

If the diameter of the pipe exceeds 30 mm, and the design of the frame is well thought out, then the greenhouse or bed turns out to be quite strong.

You can reduce the diameter of the pipes by inserting pieces of metal or fiberglass reinforcement into them, but in this case you will have to attach the DSP use short jumpers.

Due to the fact that the cost of a sheet rarely falls below 500 rubles, many people prefer used cement particle boards that were dismantled during repairs.

Such CBPBs do not have a very good appearance, and their strength is much less than new ones, but they are quite in demand for fencing beds and creating greenhouses, as can be concluded from numerous reviews from gardeners. Moreover you can buy them very cheap or get it for free.

In addition to the listed areas of application, DSP, due to its properties and affordable cost, is also used to build bathhouses with your own hands, including floors in it, lining garages, sheds, building fences, mounted on roofs, etc.

Processing and installation of sheets

Cement particle board, in its physical characteristics, is very different from most finishing materials, so its processing occurs according to a special algorithm and using special tool.

Violation of the work algorithm and the use of inappropriate tools are often leads to material damage and the need to replace it, and given the considerable price of any type of DSP, including, for example, sheets for floors or slabs for facades such as brick or tile, this attitude turns out to be extremely unprofitable.

What to cut with?

To cut this material you will need hand circular saw, equipped with a disk with carbide (pobedite) nozzles or diamond-coated teeth.

If there is no such disk, you can use a suitable size abrasive cutting disc for stone with a bore diameter of 32 mm.

If you need to cut a sheet or cut a rectangular hole in it, then place it on a flat table so that the cutting line is 2–4 cm away from the edge.

Required for cutting use a respirator and safety glasses, and also do not forget to fasten the sleeves of your clothes. Place the saw blade on the sheet so that the blade is 3–5 mm away from it.

Turn on the saw, then move it smoothly forward so that the blade follows the cutting line. The speed of the saw depends on the density and thickness of the sheet, so rely on your own feelings.

At normal speed, the sound of the saw engine hardly changes, but forward movement resistance is minimal.

If the sound changes (the speed drops) or the resistance to movement increases, then you are moving the saw forward too quickly, which is why the blade does not have time to cut the cement stone properly. To reduce the amount of dust and improve the quality of the cut, you can water the sheet along the cutting line.

If the dimensions of the cut piece exceed 20 cm on any side for thin slabs and 10 cm for thick ones, then an assistant must support the cut piece so that it does not break off.

Care must be taken so that your fingers do not get in the path of the saw.

To cut a round or oval hole, you must first draw it on a sheet of paper, then write a rectangle into it. Moreover, the distance from the drawing to the edge of the rectangle should never be less than 3 cm.

If you know how to cut with a circular saw not from the edge of the sheet, then cut out a rectangle with it, if not, then use a grinder(angle grinder, angle grinder) with abrasive disc for stone.

Having cut out a rectangle, on the remaining parts of the slab inside the pattern, mark parallel strips in increments of 1–1.5 cm, running from the edges of the rectangle to the edge of the pattern. Cut these strips 3–5 mm short of the edge of the pattern.

Then cut through sheet according to the drawing using a jigsaw with a diamond file, designed for cutting glass or ceramics.

This sequence of actions increases the time required to cut a hole, but greatly reduces the chances that you will ruin the material. After all, when cutting a hole with a diameter of over 40 cm, there is a possibility that the cut piece will break off, and the fracture line will affect the remaining sheet.

If you are a skilled, experienced finisher and therefore know how to work well with materials such as:

ceramic tile;
smooth slate,

then you can cut or saw oriented strand board than you are used to, because the behavior of these materials when cutting is very similar to the behavior of OSB of any type.

self-tapping screws;
anchor screws (dowel-nails);
rivets.

Self-tapping screws are well suited for fastening DSP to a wooden or metal base.

If you only have ordinary hardened self-tapping screws, then you need to drill a hole in the slab for them, and also countersink the space for the head. Without this, the cap will protrude above the surface of the slab, which will create great difficulties during finishing.

You can screw in reinforced screws without drilling, the caps of which are equipped with knives and cut a hole for themselves. The diameter of the hole for a regular self-tapping screw is equal to 1.2 times the diameter of the screw itself, and the diameter and depth of the hole for the head are 1.5 times larger than the size of the head.

It is not advisable to use ordinary screws for fixation, because they do not have the required strength, so with their help you will not be able to properly tighten the slab to the base.

After installing the screws, the holes for the caps must be sealed with putty, and after drying, treat it with sandpaper.

Anchor screws are used in cases where the panel needs to attach to a concrete or wood wall. To do this, put the plate in place and drill a hole for plastic dowel. For fastening low-density slabs (300–500 kg/m3) It is advisable to use dowels with large heads for more effective fixation.

Such caps distribute the pressure created by the dowel-nail over a large area, so that the cement stone does not receive damage. In high-density slabs (over 700 kg/m3), everything is done in the same way as when fixing with self-tapping screws.

Rivets use for quick fixation to steel or aluminum profile , where for some reason it is impossible to use self-tapping screws.

To do this, the sheet is put in place, then a hole is drilled, the diameter of which is 1.2 times larger than the diameter of the rivet.

After this it is necessary Using a special cutter, select a mounting hole under the rivet head.

If this is not done, the cap will protrude above the surface of the slab. Use instead of a cutter regular drill also not possible, because The cutter makes a hole with a flat bottom, to which the cap will be pressed tightly, and the drill makes a conical hole.

The cap will not be able to press evenly against such a hole, so over time the fastening will weaken and the plate will begin to dangle. If there is no cutter, it is better to leave the rivet heads outside, they can be closed thin layer plaster. This will be better than using a drill.

Finishing

The front surface of any cement bonded particle board is very smooth, so after covering the walls of a house with this material, it is enough to carry out only the final finishing.

To do this, first carefully putty the seams, trying not to stain the slabs too much. Then, when the putty dries, joints and seams clean with sandpaper.

After this, wallpaper is pasted, painted or any other finishing option is performed.

To apply wallpaper, use an adhesive that is suitable for the selected type of wallpaper and suitable for brick or concrete surfaces. For laying ceramic tiles, use only cement based adhesive, because it has the same temperature expansion as the DSP, so it will not crack due to temperature changes.

During the work, the glue is dosed with a special notched spatula.

If you decide to paint the walls, then use any vapor-permeable paints and varnishes, suitable for painting brick or concrete surfaces.

Video on the topic

Below is a video taken by one of the construction companies Russia, about the advantages of building residential buildings from cement-bonded panels using the example of one of these buildings. As you can see, the facade of a house made of this material is ready for painting immediately after its construction:

Conclusion

Cement particle board is a modern finishing material, but it is most effective only when used correctly.

After reading the article, you learned:

what is DSP used for?
how this material is cut and drilled;
how slabs are attached to various surfaces;
is it possible to lay tiles on DSP, and how to glue them;
Is it possible to use this material in a steam room, including for installing a floor in a bathhouse?
what types of finishes are applied to walls covered with fiber board frame house.

In contact with

Modern construction widely uses cement-bonded particle boards (CPB) for exterior and interior decoration. We understand what the material is and how it is used.

Modern construction is impossible without the use of modern building and finishing materials. In the huge variety of composites used for finishing, a special place belongs to slabs made of cement and wood chips. This wood-based material is superior to other particle board composites in many respects: OSB, chipboard and others. Let's figure out what the specifics of the DSP are and for solving what problems it can be used.

What is a CBPB board?

By its origin, CBPB belongs to composites. To prepare it, Portland cement is used, which is mixed with wood chips with special characteristics. Its shape in the form of long thin needles (with a length of 1-3 cm, the thickness of the chips is only 0.2-0.3 mm) provides excellent performance properties.

In addition to cement and wood chips, the mixture for forming CBPB boards includes:

Liquid glass.
Aluminum sulfate.
Fuel oil or technical oils in small quantities.
Water (about 8 parts out of 100).

Additives make the slab resistant to the development of mold and bacteria. In addition, they reduce the ability of cement to destroy wood, increase the plasticity of the mixture, and give it flame resistance.

High-quality DSPs are a “sandwich” of 3 or more layers. The outer layers are made of a mixture based on small wood chips. They are smoother and easier to finish. The deeper layers are based on coarser, larger chips, which gives them additional strength.

The coating of the slabs can be sanded to facilitate finishing work. There are also varieties, on the outer layer of which a relief is applied that imitates brickwork or the texture of natural stone.

In addition to decorative properties, DSPs have a number of parameters that determine their applicability in a particular area. Let's look at them in more detail. In order to learn how to properly decorate walls with plastic panels, read this article.

Density

One of the most important characteristics. The ability of the slab to withstand operational loads, as well as its weight, depends on the density. To characterize density, they usually indicate how much 1 cubic meter weighs. m of material. For DSP this parameter ranges from 1100 to 1400 kg.

Weight

The mass of the CBPB is directly related to its density. It is quite large, and exceeds the similar characteristics of other composites based on wood chips by 2 times or more. A slab with a length of 2.7 m and a width of 1.25 can weigh from 36.5 kg to 164 kg, depending on the thickness. Such a mass complicates the installation of slabs and other operations with them (transportation, lifting high floors etc). However, it is worth emphasizing that among all materials based on Portland cement, CBPB is one of the lightest.

The weight of a cement bonded particle board is significantly affected by its humidity. The standard allows fluctuations in this parameter within 3% of the base (9%), so that the same slab different conditions may weigh differently.

Strength

The plate perfectly resists compression and longitudinal deformations. Its strength characteristics make it possible to use DSP sheets to strengthen walls. However, this material has much less ability to withstand bending and especially stretching.

Dimensions

DSP - comparatively new material. Therefore, the number of sizes in which it is produced is not too large. The standard width of the slabs is 1 m 25 cm. The length varies in the range from 2 m 70 cm to 3 m 20 cm. The thickness is more varied: there are 7 sizes, of which the most widely used are 1 cm, 1.6 cm and 2 cm. The maximum is The thickness reaches 3 cm 6 mm.

Where is cement bonded particle board used?

Slabs based on cement and shavings are widely used in “dry” construction. They are most widely used for the construction of buildings according to frame diagram. This is facilitated by the ability of the slab to significantly increase the strength of the frame (with proper installation).

Another reason for the high popularity of CBPB is the high safety indicators of the material. The composite does not emit harmful volatile substances either during normal operation or during a fire. It does not support combustion and does not allow flames to spread over its surface.

The material is widely used in low-rise (up to 3 inclusive) construction. It is perfect not only for the construction of cottages and private houses, but also for public buildings: offices, entertainment centers, hotels, industrial workshops. The high safety and environmental friendliness of the cement-bonded particle composite allows it to be used in the construction of children's institutions, schools, hospitals, and sanatoriums.

Another area of application for cement particle boards is the construction of street buildings in household plots. Outbuildings, cabins, sheds, cellars, outdoor toilets, built from DSP, serve for many years due to the high resistance of the material to atmospheric moisture, temperature fluctuations, growth of bacteria and mold fungi.

The low resistance of the material to bending deformation somewhat limits its scope of application. The DSP is either laid on the floor (on a solid base) or hung on the frame in a strictly vertical position. This material cannot be placed at an angle or used to design arched structures!

In interior decoration, slabs based on cement and wood chips are also widely used. They make them internal partitions, subfloors, window sills. Also, using DSP, the surfaces of walls and ceilings are leveled.

Installation features

The slab can be secured to the frame using self-tapping screws or nails. The selection of fasteners is carried out as follows:

For self-tapping screws, take a thickness of 2.5 mm. The heavier the sheets, the thicker the screws are selected. The length is determined by the thickness of the “pie” with which the frame is sheathed. Before screwing in the fasteners, use a drill to drill holes for the screws.
For nails, selection of length and thickness is done according to the same principle. The wood must accommodate at least 10 nail diameters to ensure a secure fit.

The DSP board weighs a lot, so in order to securely fix it to the frame, it is extremely important not to skimp on fasteners. The table shows the recommended number of fasteners for various sizes, as well as the maximum allowable distance between them.

The sheet is fastened around the perimeter, with strict adherence to the vertical placement of the slab and the frequency of installation of fasteners. After the sheet is secured around the perimeter, it is also necessary to tighten it along the line that runs in the middle of the height of the slab (horizontally). On this line it is permissible to screw in screws half as often as along the perimeter.

Laying CBPB on the floor

If the slab is used to create a subfloor, the technology involves placing a joist system. Timber is used for the logs (its dimensions: width 5 cm, thickness 8 cm). The logs are placed on the base, having previously laid a layer of sound and waterproofing. The step between the logs is about 0.6 m.

A layer of insulation is placed between the joists. The thickness of the layer is selected so that after laying and covering waterproofing membrane the layer turned out to be a couple of centimeters deeper than the lag. This gap is necessary to organize ventilation.

A DSP board (usually 2 cm thick) is placed on the logs. The slab is attached to the joists with self-tapping screws, recessing the countersunk heads flush with the floor surface. The seams are carefully sealed using sealant. The finished floor can now be laid on top of the slab.

Do-it-yourself installation of a DSP board. Step-by-step instruction

Before starting installation, you should draw up a project. It will allow you to understand how many sheets will need to be strengthened, where each sheet will have fasteners, and what pieces the purchased slab will have to be cut into. Before work, you need to carefully consider how the plate will be held in place until it is completely fixed. Since the cement-bonded particle composite is very heavy, it is worth considering the possibility of using lifting mechanisms.

When working with DSP, every pair of hands is more important than ever. Therefore, it is strictly not recommended to start work alone. It is better to work with at least one assistant.

The procedure is as follows:

Based on the drawn up project, we cut the slab into pieces of the required size. The cement-bonded particle composite is cut with the same tools as regular chipboard, but harder files are needed.
On each piece we drill holes for self-tapping screws.
We attach the piece to the frame, checking its plumbness using a level.
We screw in the screws in the corners, then around the perimeter and in the middle.
We fasten the pieces one by one until the sheathing is completed. Next, we seal the seams with sealant or close them with a special strip.

In the building, the joint width is at least 0.4 cm, outside - at least 0.8. Otherwise, the joints will begin to crack.

All that remains is to paint the slab or plaster it for a final finish.

Any business turns out better if you use practical experience. Such a wealth of valuable knowledge about the features of choosing and installing CBPB can be acquired through personal experience, but mistakes will lead to delays in construction and financial losses. Therefore, we suggest watching several useful video clips to get acquainted with the experience of professional builders:

The use of modern finishing materials allows construction work to be completed much faster, without diluting excess dirt and ultimately getting an excellent result. The use of DSP provides just such opportunities to the builder.

However, before starting work, you should familiarize yourself with all the features of this material. This will help you not expect the impossible from him and avoid annoying mistakes in installation. We hope that the tips contained in this article will help you in your work!

Not long ago, the country (in the USSR since 1987) launched the production of CBPB. What are the uses of cement bonded particle boards in modern construction and what do they represent?

DSP is a sheet composite material, for the manufacture of which medium and thin wood chips (24%) are used, Portland cement M500 (65%), special chemical additives (2.5%) to reduce negative impact wood extracts for cement, and water (8.5%) (Image 1). The slabs are produced by pressing at a temperature of 900°C for 8 hours. After this, the products are kept under natural conditions for 2 weeks.

The most famous domestic manufacturer is the Tamak plant in Tambov. Plates are also produced by TsSP-Svir (St. Petersburg), Kostroma TsSP Plant, Omsk Stropan, Tyumen Sibzhilstroy and Plant building structures, located in Sterlitamak.

Russian products meet the requirements of GOST 26816-86. It is divided into 2 brands: TsSP-1, TsSP-2. The latter grade of sheets is subject to less stringent requirements than TsSP-1.

Cement particle boards have:

density 1100-1400 kg/m³;
high specific thermal conductivity - 1.15 kJ/kg*0°C;
vapor permeability of 0.03 mg/m*h*Pa (“breathable” material);
fire resistance - practically does not burn, with high temperatures does not emit toxic gases and vapors;
water resistance;
resistance to rotting;
high sound insulation;
durability: 50 years warranty for use in building structures;
high strength to longitudinal deformation;
surface evenness.

But cement particle boards, whose technical characteristics are generally good, also have a number of disadvantages:

high price;
during processing, an incredible amount of dust is generated, as a result of which the use of dust extractors, safety glasses and respirators is simply necessary;
heavy material: 1 m² weighs approximately 10 kg, which makes it difficult to lift upper floors buildings, and for structures using DSP you need a reliable, strong frame made of wooden beams with a cross section of at least 50x50 mm or rectangular pipes, the cross-section of which is 50x20 mm;
low bending strength;
insufficient ease of processing: at construction sites they are cut with grinders and hand tools circular saws(Image 2.3) using cutting tool with carbide plates or diamond wheels, the sheets can be drilled, but it is better to perform these operations in a factory setting.

Application areas of DSP

The versatility of the boards allows them to be used to solve various construction problems.

First of all, these are external works: construction of frame buildings, finishing of facades of residential buildings, warehouses and agricultural premises, use as a basis for soft roof, fencing of balconies and loggias, use as permanent formwork for foundations.

Facade cladding (Image 4) is carried out by attaching cement-bonded sheets using nails, self-tapping screws, metal brackets or screws to a frame made of wooden beams or metal profile. The optimal lathing pitch is 60 cm; it is preferable to mount the beams vertically; for small areas, horizontal installation can be used. Gaps of 4-5 mm are left between the sheets, which prevent their deformation when the air temperature changes. The gaps are filled with elastic mastic or a sealing gasket, which is covered from the outside with purchased or made from chipboard scraps. Depending on the purpose of the building, the space between the wall and the slabs can be left empty, or it can be filled with modern insulation; this is very important for residential buildings. After fastening, the sheets are primed and applied decorative plaster or just paint it.

When making a base for a soft roof, special attention should be paid to waterproofing the joints. Technologically, the process of manufacturing a base from DSP is similar to working with wood materials.

For fencing balconies and loggias, using cement particle boards is much more expedient than using asbestos-cement sheets, because instead of fragile material, a strong and durable fence is constructed.

DSP formwork (Image 5) is increasingly used in construction low-rise buildings. It provides:

Reduced labor costs and work completion time due to the simplest installation of the structure; moreover, it does not need to be dismantled.
Coloring outside DSP sheets with special paints provide vertical waterproofing of the foundation.
The design provides additional strength to the manufactured foundation.
The formwork retains its shape when concrete is poured and hardened.

Application of DSP for interior work

Due to the complete absence of the release of any harmful gases and vapors during operation, cement-bonded particle boards are recommended for interior decoration (Image 6): they are used to level walls (either mounted on a frame made of the most rigid reinforced profile, or on special solution or mastic), form internal partitions, especially in conditions high humidity(to increase service life, such a partition should be treated with a water-repellent agent and painted with waterproof paint).

Floor installation using DSP

DSP boards are also used for flooring (Image 7), and their use is preferable to the use of chipboard (chipboard) or oriented strand board (OSB). Typically, the laying of DSP for flooring is carried out on logs having a cross-section of 50x80 mm, in increments of 600 mm.

With the help of DSP you can:

make a base for the floor;
form underlying or leveling layers;
lay a warm and clean floor with a top covering;
lay the floor directly on the ground.

The thickness of the DSP is:

For finishing interior walls - 8-12 mm.
For installation of internal partitions - 8-20 mm.
For DSP flooring - 16-26 mm.
for installation of formwork - 12-56 mm.
For roofing works and external wall decoration - 10-16 mm.
For installation of frame buildings - 10-40 mm.

Cement particle boards can be safely recommended for performing the above work. But it is necessary to use products from a domestic manufacturer, and not to purchase Chinese chipboards. Using the products of hardworking Asians can lead to swelling of the slabs, their chipping, the sheets themselves may be crooked and the surface uneven.

The construction industry is one of the most actively developing today. From time to time, new technological solutions appear on the building materials market. One of these innovations is DSP boards, the sizes and prices of which have greatly pleased both specialists in this field and ordinary consumers. Today, together with HouseChief experts, we will try to figure out what is unique about this building material, what are its positive traits, and does it have any disadvantages?

Read in the article

What is DSP

The uniqueness of the sheet building material that received short name CSP (cement particle board) lies in the fact that in its composition it was possible to combine seemingly incompatible components - Portland cement and crushed wood shavings. This became possible due to the introduction of special hydration additives that neutralize the harmful effects of the components included in the slabs on each other. Modern manufacturers have learned to make slabs without the use of phenol and formaldehyde, which are harmful to human health.

Technically, the process of making plates is as follows:

The raw material mass is formed in a special drum, into which wood chips, mineral components, Portland cement, and water are sequentially added.
The formation of the slab occurs layer by layer, with finely ground chips located outside, and larger ones inside the product, thereby ensuring its strength. The smoothness of the front layer is achieved due to fine chips.
Moving along the conveyor line, the workpiece enters a hydraulic press, where it is molded under high pressure.

The ideal smooth surface allows you to evenly or wall. If you cover a house with panels and paint them one of pastel colors, then it will work out classic facade in, where the main role will be played by decorative strips covering the joining seams between the panels.

Water-repellent properties have made products based on shavings indispensable for finishing wet rooms.

Technical characteristics, application of CBPB boards

The density of the products should be from 1100 to 1400 kg/m³ under normal humidity conditions.
Water absorption should not exceed 16%.
It is allowed to change the linear dimensions at high humidity (6–12%) in width by no more than 2%, in length - by 0.3%.
The bending strength should be: 12 MPa for panels with a thickness of 10, 12 and 16 mm, 10 MPa for slabs with a thickness of 24 mm and 9 MPa for slabs with a thickness of 36 mm.
The strength of the slab under perpendicularly applied tensile loads must be at least 0.4 MPa.
Sound insulation properties are 45 dB.
Thermal conductivity – 0.26 W/m×°C.
According to GOST 7016-82, the value of the roughness level after factory grinding should not exceed 80 microns. For untreated boards this figure is 320 microns.
The material belongs to the group of low-flammable products (G1).
For dry premises, the service life is 50 years or more.

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In the publication, we will look at the areas of application of products, design, proper purchase of jigsaw attachments, criteria for choosing a device, market overview and additional recommendations.

Important! It is recommended to use a disc for cutting concrete and stone with a carbide coating intended for this type of work. To prevent the tool from quickly breaking down, the rotation speed must be at least 200 rpm.

DSP façade finishing

Houses whose facades are lined with DSP acquire an aesthetic appearance. The front layer of such products may have different versions. They imitate others Decoration Materials(stone, brickwork, milled decorative slabs for stone and brick

This video will tell you about decorative materials based on DSP for facade finishing:

Application of DSP for flooring

When laying DSP on the floor along the joists, it is recommended to choose a thickness of products from 24 mm to ensure sufficient strength flooring.

Fastening by joists Preparatory work before laying the CBPB on the floor

The slabs are fixed using self-tapping screws, and the screw with a countersunk head should be immersed into the body of the wooden beam by 20 mm. The result is a perfectly flat subfloor with excellent performance characteristics.

csp plate

Frame construction

DSPs have proven themselves to be excellent in the construction of frame-type houses. There are two options - purchasing a ready-made house kit made from DSP or independently erecting walls between which mineral insulation is located. The slabs are fixed using a wooden or metal sheathing, while the frame is sewn up around the perimeter, and after that the House is cut out according to frame technology using DSP

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