When remodeling an apartment or building a private house, you have to install new partitions. Selecting material for them is not so easy. It should not create excessive load on the floor, must be reliable and have good bearing capacity. It is also desirable that the installation be simple and quick, and the price low. There are not many materials and technologies that meet these requirements. This and tongue-and-groove slabs. In this article we will talk about tongue-and-groove ridges.
What kind of material is this and its types
Tongue-and-groove slabs (abbreviated GGP) or blocks - large format construction material for the construction of partitions in the form of a slab, at the ends of which a ridge (tenon) and groove are formed. Hence the name - tongue-and-groove slabs. They are:
Plasticizers and hydrophobic (water-repellent) additives are added to the solution to improve properties. Gypsum gypsum boards have another name - gypsum boards. It is understandable: the gypsum solution is poured into molds. Here is the “source” of this variant of the name.
Moisture resistance and hollowness
According to the area of use, tongue-and-groove slabs can be intended for normal conditions operation (ordinary, standard) or for wet rooms (moisture resistant). Moisture-resistant ones are tinted greenish for better identification.
Both gypsum and silicate tongue-and-groove slabs are either solid or hollow. Solid ones are more durable; hollow ones, due to their lower weight, create less load on the floors. The choice between solid and hollow must be made based on several factors:
- Soundproofing characteristics. Monolithic material without voids, it conducts sounds better, so it is used if sound insulation will be made in a separate layer (the best option) or if it is not so important.
- Loads on partitions. If you need to hang shelves, furniture, or fasten some heavy objects on the walls, it is better to use a monolith. . On wooden floors or on old ones wooden floors It is better to install less heavy (hollow) blocks.
If several factors need to be taken into account, sound insulation is considered last. You can increase noise protection by using a special installation technology (on vibration-damping pads), as well as by adding an additional layer of sound-proofing materials.
Specifications
If we compare conventional and moisture-resistant tongue-and-groove slabs, the differences in characteristics are only in water absorption and strength. Moisture-resistant, due to the large number of hydrophobic additives, they almost do not absorb moisture. Due to the large number of these additives, they are more expensive, since these additives are expensive. At the same time, they increase strength (M50 compared to M35).
By the way, you can check “without leaving the checkout” whether this is really moisture-resistant PGP or just painted in green color standard. Just pour some water on the surface. Standard slabs will quickly absorb it, but on water-repellent slabs it will remain in a puddle for a long time.
If we compare gypsum and silicate partition blocks, the increased strength of the latter immediately catches the eye - M150 compared to M50 and M35. That is, the strength of silicate slabs is comparable to concrete of a good grade. If you are going to hang something very heavy on the partition, it is better to use silicate. Manufacturers also produce blocks 115 mm thick, which are called inter-apartment blocks.
How else do silicate slabs differ from their gypsum counterparts? Because the standard version does not have such a high absorbency. It is not as low as that of moisture-resistant blocks, but this material can be used in any wet areas without problems (13% compared to 26-32%). The disadvantages of this material are greater weight (with equal dimensions) and lower thermal insulation characteristics.
Silicate or gypsum?
If we compare the soundproofing characteristics of gypsum blocks and silicate ones, the latter, with equal parameters, conduct sounds worse (40-43 dB for gypsum and 48-52 dB for silicate). So for better sound insulation choose silicate.
But silicate blocks of the same size have greater weight and higher thermal conductivity (they conduct heat better). The key in the choice is weight, since sound and thermal insulation can be improved with the help of additional layers of special materials, but there is no way to reduce the weight of the partition. And if its mass is critical for the overlap, nothing good can be expected.
How to build with tongue-and-groove slabs
In order for a partition made of tongue-and-groove blocks to be reliable and stable, certain conditions must be met:
In general, it is necessary to strictly follow all recommendations and strictly follow the technology. Then tongue-and-groove partitions do not differ in strength and reliability from brick ones, but are erected many times faster.
Marking
The laying of the tongue-and-groove wall begins with markings. If you have a laser plane builder, everything is simple: unfold the plane, draw lines on the floor, walls, ceiling. If there is no such tool, you will have to spend more time. A plumb line will be required. The one that won’t fit in a smartphone is not a measuring tool. It's better to buy from hardware store or make it from twine and a centered weight.
We draw the first line on the ceiling and use a plumb line to transfer it to the floor. By connecting the points on the floor and ceiling, we get lines on the walls. As a result, a closed marking was formed to align the partition.
We inspect the base on which we will place the blocks. It should be perfectly aligned when viewed along the partition line, and should not fall forward or backward when viewed across.
If there are door or window openings in the partition, they must also be marked. With doors everything is simple - we mark them on the floor. It’s more difficult with windows - you need beacons on the walls and ceiling.
Preparing the base
As already said, the base should be perfectly level without tilting in any direction. If there are deviations, concrete floor fill in the leveling screed (not lower than M150). To do this, you will have to assemble the formwork into which the solution is poured. The minimum layer thickness is 3 cm. To get a guaranteed high-quality result, use a self-leveling composition. Just keep in mind that the errors “correct themselves” are not too large. You still need to distribute the composition manually. Simply run a spatula, dispersing the solution along the entire length, and small irregularities are leveled out due to the increased fluidity of the material.
Cover the poured concrete with polyethylene and leave it for about a week. This is if the room temperature does not drop below +20°, during which time it will gain 50% strength. This means that you can work with it. If the temperature is lower, the period increases. At a temperature of 17°C and slightly lower, 2 weeks are already needed... We coat the even base with concrete contact - it will improve the adhesion of the base to the adhesive composition on which we will place the PGP.
If we place tongue-and-groove blocks on a wooden floor, the partition must pass over the beam - this is it. Second, we level the base using dry timber. It must be secured so that it is also horizontally aligned in all directions. We fasten the timber to the floor with nails or self-tapping screws. If there is a joint, we connect it into half a tree, additionally coating the joint with wood glue and fastening it with nails.
To improve sound insulation
The main disadvantage of gypsum tongue-and-groove partitions is that the sound insulation is not very high. The situation with silicate blocks is better, but also not ideal. Therefore, we recommend laying vibration-absorbing tape around the perimeter of the partition. It is no secret that most sounds are transmitted through vibrations through the floor, ceiling and adjacent walls and elastic gaskets significantly improve the situation.
Under tongue-and-groove slabs, you can use a strip of bituminized felt or cork with a density of 250-300 kg/m³. The width of the strip is slightly less than the width of the blocks. It is laid on a leveled base using the same binder that you will use to seal the seams between the slabs. The solution is applied to the surface treated with concrete contact (after drying) in a layer of 2-3 mm. Lay the tape by rolling it with a roller, expelling air bubbles. The protruding solution is removed with a spatula. In this way, the tape is glued to the floor, walls, and ceiling. Levelness is checked using a bubble level.
Preparing slabs for installation
If silicate tongue-and-groove slabs are used, no preparation is required - their upper and lower surfaces do not have a groove/ridge. They are absolutely smooth (as in the photo below).
When working with a gypsum tongue-and-groove, first you need to decide whether you will place the blocks with the tongue or groove facing up. It is more convenient to work when the groove is directed upward, but the reverse position is not a mistake.
If you decide to lay the PGP with the groove up, you need to cut off the tenon on all blocks of the first row. The most convenient way to do this is with a hacksaw. The resulting cut is uneven. We level it using a plane.
Note! The cut of the slab must be absolutely even. This determines how firmly the wall of tongue-and-groove slabs will stand. And the cut tongue-and-groove slabs must be the same height.
The seam between the blocks does not exceed 2 mm, so it is almost impossible to correct even small deviations. Therefore, we align carefully and carefully. After leveling, the dust is swept away with a brush and you can begin to build the wall.
First row
The sequence of actions when laying a wall made of tongue-and-groove slabs is simple and very similar to a brick one. There are only some features. Since the partition is usually adjacent to the wall, if a tenon is turned towards it, it is cut off with a saw, the surface is leveled with a plane, and the dust is removed. The next procedure is as follows:
In this way the entire row is lined up. The last slab usually has to be trimmed. This could be the beginning of a doorway or simply the last slab in a row. Its length should be 3-4 mm less than the remaining gap - the seam gap. You should not increase the gap - stability will decrease. For greater confidence, the joint can be reinforced with a metal corner. Two or three corners for each row. It's enough.
Second and subsequent
Tongue-and-groove slabs are laid with staggered seams - like bricks. The shift of the second row can be half or a third of the length. The best option is half. We cut half of the whole slab, cut off the tenon if necessary, and install it. Further masonry is no different. The third row again starts with a whole block, the fourth - with a half, etc.
After laying each block, check whether it is positioned correctly. With such block sizes, the error accumulates very quickly. Therefore, we first check each installed block with a level for verticality/horizontalness. and then, placing the bar horizontally, grabbing the adjacent blocks and moving them from top to bottom, make sure there are no gaps. We also check that there are no deviations in the vertical plane.
Control of verticality and horizontality is one of the main tasks
Corner
If the wall being built from tongue-and-groove blocks has an outer corner, we begin the laying from there. To make the work easier, we create a corner support. This could be a corner with fairly wide shelves or two boards connected at 90°C. We put the structure in place, check the correct installation, and temporarily fix it to the ceiling and floor.
We cut off the side tenon of one of the slabs, rest its edge against the installed stop, level it, using a mallet to set the direction. For the second slab, we also cut off the side tenon, apply glue to this edge, connect it to the side surface of the installed slab, and tap it until it makes tight contact (diagram in the figure above).
To install the second row, you need to make a cut in the already installed slab for the lower tenon of the next block. We take a hacksaw for metal and make cuts. Then, using a wall chaser (a tool for working with foam concrete, but it is also useful for laying wiring in the PGP) or any hard tool, we remove the excess, align the groove, making it the same size and shape as the groove. Use a brush or a construction vacuum cleaner to remove dust.
We place the second row starting from the other side - so that the seam is on the other side of the corner. Apply the solution to the end of the lower block. We take half of the block, cut off the side tenon, and install the bottom one in the prepared groove (far right diagram in the figure below). It should also rest against the established corner. We carefully align the installed tongue-and-groove slabs, checking for verticality and the absence of even the slightest deviation.
Branch
We also need to consider the branch from the partition at a right angle. The partitions will be more reliable if they are made with ligation (middle diagram in the figure). All three slabs that are being installed have the side tenon cut off. The joints are coated with adhesive, and the three blocks are driven close to each other with a mallet. In this case, it is also necessary to ensure that the partition is perpendicular - that is, the angle is 90°.
We line up the second row so that the middle of the block is above the junction. To install it, you will also need to make a groove in the protrusions of the lower block. These rows are then alternated.
There is another way to install a T-shaped partition from a tongue-and-groove - without ligation. To do this, simply lay out the wall (which in the letter T is the top crossbar). Attach a second partition to the finished wall, end-to-end (left diagram in the figure above). To increase the reliability of the connection, metal reinforced perforated corners are installed at the junction.
Doorway
A doorway in a wall made of tongue-and-groove slabs can be made with or without a reinforcing beam. It can be done without a reinforcing beam if the width of the opening does not exceed half the length of the block. Thus, a doorway 900 mm wide can be made without a beam if the ceiling is made of 900 mm long PGP. Moreover, the joint of the plates should be located almost in the middle. A slight shift is allowed (by 10 mm), but so that the length of the entire part of the block to the right and left of the opening is not less than 445 mm.
During installation, before the glue sets, the lintel above the door is reinforced with a stop (a board supported by a pole resting on the floor) or a structure assembled from boards as in the right diagram. In this case, first assemble a U-shaped lintel from boards and secure it with self-tapping screws to the blocks located below (check the horizontality of the lintel). Apply a block and mark how it needs to be cut. It turns out two L-shaped blocks of the same or almost identical sizes. After applying the solution in the right places, they are installed.
If we use tongue-and-groove slabs 667 mm long, a reinforcing beam must be installed under an opening larger than 660 mm. To make a beam, you can use a metal corner, channel, reinforcement, or strips of metal of considerable thickness. It is possible to use dry wooden beam thickness 50 mm or more (pre-treat with an antiseptic). The beam should protrude 400-450 mm beyond the doorway.
The appearance of this material was caused by the need to reduce the labor intensity and cost of masonry.
Judge for yourself - one tongue-and-groove gypsum slab 66.7 cm long and 50 cm high replaces 14 one and a half sand-lime bricks or 20 pieces of single red ones (250x120x65mm).
For a silicate tongue-and-groove slab, these figures are more modest (5 and 7 bricks, respectively), but also quite acceptable for speeding up and reducing the cost of work.
Partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs (GGP) are intended for installation in residential and public buildings with a ceiling height of no more than 4.2 m.
Since such slabs have a large lateral surface and small width (from 8 to 10 cm), then to increase the stability of the masonry, a tongue-and-groove joint is made on the side faces. This design solution simultaneously increases the evenness of the partition, since the slab fits precisely on the longitudinal seam and is securely connected to the adjacent one.
Gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs
They are made using casting technology from gypsum grades G-4 or G-5.
Construction gypsum is an environmentally friendly and breathable material. Therefore, partitions made from it comply with strict sanitary and hygienic standards regulating quality finishing materials. To improve performance and strength characteristics, plasticizing additives are added to gypsum.
Modern gypsum tongue-and-groove boards, depending on the degree of moisture absorption, are divided into ordinary and moisture-resistant. To reduce water absorption, granulated blast furnace slag and Portland cement are added to the feedstock. In order to distinguish such slabs from ordinary ones, they are painted green.
Standard gypsum partition blocks can only be used in buildings with dry and normal level humidity, and moisture-resistant (hydrophobized) ones are allowed to be installed in wet rooms (according to the requirements of SNiP II-3-79)
Table №1 Basic specifications tongue-and-groove gypsum slabs
In terms of thermal insulation, a tongue-and-groove gypsum slab with a thickness of 80 mm is equivalent concrete wall 400 mm thick. Its noise insulation coefficient ranges from 34 to 40 dB, which is good indicator for partition structures.
The fire resistance of solid gypsum blocks is very high. They can withstand for 3 hours direct impact fire (temperature about +1100 C) without loss of load-bearing capacity.
To reduce the weight of masonry, hollow gypsum boards are produced standard size 667x500x80 mm. Their weight is almost 25% less than that of full-bodied ones (22-24 versus 30-32 kg).
In addition, there is a gradation of gypsum boards depending on the shape of the tongue and groove (rectangular and trapezoidal). However, this parameter does not have a significant impact on the quality and strength of the partitions.
Silicate tongue-and-groove slabs
The technology for manufacturing silicate slabs consists of preparing a mixture of quartz sand, water and quicklime, which is then pressed and placed in an autoclave chamber. There under the influence high temperature and pressure, a strong lime-sand conglomerate is formed.
Silicate tongue-and-groove blocks for partitions have a higher mechanical strength compared to gypsum and a lower level of water absorption. Therefore, they can be used without restrictions for self-construction. load-bearing structures interior walls and for the construction of partitions in wet rooms.
The weight of such a silicate block is 15.6 kg with a density of 1870 kg/m3. Gypsum boards have a lower density - 1570 kg/m3, which has a positive effect on the quality of heat and sound insulation.
Table No. 2 Main technical characteristics of silicate tongue-and-groove slabs
Silicate slabs resist fire no worse than gypsum slabs. They do not emit toxic gases and do not conduct electricity. In addition, the tongue-and-groove lock dampens sound well.
The gas permeability (breathability) of the silicate partition block is at a high level and provides a comfortable microclimate in the room. This material, even with significant fluctuations in humidity, does not deform or rot.
Manufacturers and prices
Tongue-and-groove blocks produced under the Knauf and Volma brands are in high demand today. The reasons for this are the predictability of their strength characteristics and high geometry accuracy. This allows you to reduce the cost and labor intensity of finishing work.
Such structures do not need to be plastered, but, having been primed, they can be immediately covered with wallpaper or painted.
Today on the building materials market you can find offers for the sale of tongue-and-groove slabs for an average of 200 rubles per piece.
Installation features
The laying of partitions from tongue-and-groove blocks is carried out after the installation of load-bearing and enclosing structures of buildings is completed, before the installation of a clean floor and finishing work begins.
When redeveloping or reconstructing residential and civil purpose tongue-and-groove partitions can be erected not only single, but also double. The last option is used in cases where hidden installation is required utility networks or insulate a partition, one side of which opens into a cold room.
On-site installation of tongue-and-groove slabs is reduced to joining at the seams, with periodic monitoring of the verticality and horizontality of each row. When assembling interior partitions, the slabs are placed both with the groove down and up. Standards recommend laying them with the groove upwards, since in this case the assembly adhesive mixture is evenly distributed in the tongue-and-groove space.
Can be used as an adhesive base for installation standard glue for aerated concrete or Fugenfüller putty.
Installation sequence
The base under the partition is leveled cement-sand mortar, after which the first row of partition slabs is placed on it level. Before joining, the groove and tongue surfaces of each slab are covered with an adhesive solution so that the thickness of the seam at the joints does not exceed 1-2 mm.
Installation is carried out with dressing of the joining seams. To create an elastic connection to enclosing and load-bearing structures, tongue-and-groove partitions are secured with special brackets.
The bracket is installed in the groove of the slab and fixed with a self-tapping screw to the floor panel or with an anchor dowel to the enclosing structure.
In addition, in such connections, standards recommend the use of gaskets made of cork or bituminized felt, installing them along the entire perimeter of the external joint.
If the width of the doorway does not exceed 80 cm and only one row of tongue-and-groove slabs will be installed above it, then the standards allow not to use a lintel. Its role is played by a door frame or a supporting structure, which is removed after gaining strength. adhesive solution(Fig. 1)
Picture 1
For larger opening widths installation of a steel or wooden lintel beam above it is mandatory (see Fig. 2)
All contact areas between partitions and load-bearing walls and ceilings are sealed with gypsum mortar.
Hello to all readers and blog visitors.
Just the other day I was considering the topic of partitions from. This became a reason for discussing other modern options, for example, construction partitions made of tongue-and-groove slabs. Moreover, I myself really like this option, and perhaps I will use it in a house that...
Tongue-and-groove slabs are a convenient, practical, economical building material for the quick construction of partitions
I want to ask you one question. Tell me, can two people install a partition of 20-30 m2 in one day? They can. If gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs were used for the installation of partitions. Yes, perhaps I even thought about 2 people, and one can handle it. Why so sure? With just my own hands I built the walls of a house from expanded clay blocks, and the tongue-and-groove slab weighs a little more, at least hollow - I already held it in my hands while studying it in a construction hypermarket. But this is not the only issue. With my usual pedantry, I studied the issue regarding these slabs, now I will share it, and you will see for yourself. Looking ahead a little, I will say that despite the apparent simplicity of the masonry (due to the magic grooves), nevertheless, the result will be successful only if they are used correctly.
Construction of interior partitions
The most popular material for the device interior partitions in apartments or residential buildings are: brick, slag concrete, expanded clay concrete, gas silicate blocks, drywall, and today the hero of the article is becoming no less popular - plaster tongue-and-groove slabs (GWP). The choice of the most optimal option depends on the specifics of the work. For example, they are more often erected where the structural fencing requires special strength and increased sound insulation. Yes, that's just the construction brick partition, as well as its subsequent finishing and gating is very painstaking work. But you really want to make your task easier and choose the best option, especially when you do everything in your own hands. In general, my motto in this regard is “ minimum body movements, with greater efficiency ". And for this you need to choose the right material and technology. And tongue-and-groove slabs fit my motto the best way.
Construction of a partition from PGP Structures made of expanded clay concrete, slag concrete and are inexpensive. And by the way, due to their size, gas silicate blocks are also laid quite quickly, plus they are even lighter than tongue-and-groove slabs (but at the same time less durable). But they however require plastering. And expanded clay and slag concrete are also not ideal in terms of environmental friendliness. In addition, all of the listed options do not have these magical grooves due to which the masonry turns out to be perfectly even. In general, when speed and ease of construction are paramount for us and there is neither the desire nor the means for it, and with the condition that in the future there are no plans to hang very heavy interior elements on the walls (for example, a 100-liter boiler), then it is very good option there will be a tongue-and-groove slab.
Characteristics of tongue-and-groove slabs
So what is tongue-and-groove gypsum board and what is the technology for its production? The PGP is a monolithic block with dimensions of 667 x 500 mm and a thickness of 80/100 mm with ridges and grooves along the joining and supporting surfaces. Its weight may vary from 20 to 37 kg, it depends on the type of product and thickness. The technology for producing GGP is quite simple. A solution of gypsum and water of a certain thickness is poured into a special “gypsum cooker”, where the water gradually evaporates and the solution thickens. Next, the resulting mass is poured into molds and sent to drying chamber, where through the hydration reaction of the gypsum binder, the material hardens.
The tongue-and-groove slabs are dried. They are all so white and slender, I just want to take them to my place, to my house) After which the finished slabs are left to stand for at least another day. The result is an environmentally friendly product that is not hazardous to health. Which is odorless, does not contain any toxic compounds, is characterized by increased vapor permeability and is, as it were, a regulator of the humidity regime in the room, like all products made from pure gypsum.
Gypsum tongue-and-groove boards are fire-resistant. Their soundproofing characteristics meet all GOST standards for interior partitions (41 dBA). Among other things, on smooth and flat surface walls made of tongue-and-groove slabs, after the joints have been erected and puttyed, you can immediately glue wallpaper, and after complete puttying, paint them.
Bathroom partitions made of GGP gypsum boards Manufacturers, price
GGPs are produced by many companies, the leaders of which are considered to be the well-known, good old one, as well as "BelGIPS", "Volma" And Peshelansky gypsum plant. One of the important factors of these slabs compared to other wall building materials is their relatively low high price – 150-260 rub. a piece. Full-bodied ones are more expensive. In order not to be unfounded, right now I will visit online my favorite Leroy Merlin (by the way, there is also a favorite Baucenter, but since it is not in all cities, so I am bringing Leroy), you can see the prices in the screenshot (2019).
The price of tongue-and-groove slabs on the Leroy online storefront
And by the way, they are all quite positive reviews, however, some people complain a little about the geometry (slabs from the Angarsk plant). But here, as elsewhere, it depends on the manufacturer, so pay attention to this when purchasing. But everyone unanimously declares - speed and ease of construction of partitions! What else do you need, strength? They are quite durable, at least stronger than those that are fashionable today gas silicate slabs. But they are inferior to brick, yes. But we know that construction options that are ideal in all respects do not exist in nature, there are only optimal options in relation to a given situation. But now it’s time to discuss the pros and cons of these plates.
Pros and cons of tongue-and-groove slabs
Like any building material, these slabs have their pros and cons, let's see what's more.
Pros:
- Do not contain toxic substances and components.
- Not flammable, fireproof.
- They have increased gas and vapor permeability.
- Partitions made from these slabs are easy and quick to erect.
- Easy processing(easily planed, drilled, sawn).
- The front side does not need additional. plastering.
- After finishing the seams, the surface can be immediately tiled, wallpapered and, in some cases, painted.
- Small price.
Minuses:
- Not suitable for load-bearing walls/partitions.
- Manufacturers suggest using it only in buildings where all shrinkage processes have already completed (in principle, this is also true for other materials).
Have you considered the pros and cons? Draw your own conclusions.
Types of tongue-and-groove slabs
On Russian markets There are two main types of GLP: standard and moisture resistant(hydrophobized), which include special additives that reduce moisture absorption (not higher than 5%). The former are used in rooms with a normal and dry climate (no higher than 60% humidity), the latter are preferably in toilets, bathrooms and other “wet” rooms where humidity conditions exceeds 60%.
Note: in rooms with high humidity, manufacturers recommend using moisture-resistant tongue-and-groove boards. Finished partitions made of PGP are lined ceramic tiles, and apply waterproofing to the area of foreseeable exposure to moisture.
It is worth noting here that some manufacturers paint moisture-resistant boards green during the manufacturing process, while others apply markings confirming this. But one way or another, there is an easy way to find out which slab in front of you is moisture resistant or not. Of course, just spray water on it. If drops roll off the surface (display of water-repellent properties) and are not absorbed, this is a water-repellent board.
Among other things, both standard and moisture-resistant GGP can be full and hollow. The latter are practically in no way inferior to the full-bodied ones in terms of strength, but they are 25% lighter, and in addition, they are lower in price. For example, the mass of a solid block from Volma, 667 x 500 x 80 mm, weighs 26-28 kg, while the mass of an identical but hollow block is 20-22 kg. Or mass Peshelanskaya a solid slab of the same dimensions weighs 28-30 kg, and a hollow slab weighs 24-26.
Installation of partitions from hollow tongue-and-groove slabs Knowing this feature and using lightweight slabs, you can increase productivity by reducing the labor intensity of work, and at the same time reduce the load on the floor, or save, for example, on transportation by increasing the number of GWP blocks in one machine.
Installation of partitions from KNAUF tongue-and-groove slabs
The entire technology of laying/installing the PGP is presented step by step as follows (taking into account the recommendations of the manufacturers themselves):
Installation of KNAUF gypsum boards Gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs are used not only for the construction of interior partitions, but also For interior decoration external walls. In both cases, work with them begins only after the construction of all enclosing and load-bearing structures of the building, but before laying the finished floor.
In winter, installation of slabs can be carried out even in unheated rooms, provided that the temperature is not lower than 5 o C. Please note that the slabs require acclimatization, so they must lie in the room being repaired for at least 4 hours.
The construction of partitions from PGP is somewhat reminiscent of assembling a children's Lego set. Important condition installation means correctly combining each element and strictly observing the vertical and horizontal position of the rows of blocks. Confidence in the strength of the structure is guaranteed by assembly adhesive prepared from mixtures recommended by the manufacturer of the boards.
Note: for fastening various kinds Items placed on tongue-and-groove partitions must comply with a number of requirements. When hanging suspended shelves, sanitary fixtures and other fixtures (weight load from 30 to 100 kg), special corrosion-resistant anchors are used that pass through the entire thickness of the walls. When hanging pictures, mirrors, small shelves with a weight load of up to 30 kg, you can use ordinary plastic anchor dowels. If necessary, place different engineering communications on partitions made of PGP, or in order to increase sound insulation, it is preferable to erect a double partition. In this case, the first to be erected is the partition to which it will be attached. engineering equipment or soundproofing material.
To improve your understanding of the installation of tongue-and-groove slabs, you can watch this video from the manufacturer himself, everything is very detailed and clear:
Installation errors
If a partition made of these slabs “rattles” or allows sounds to pass through when struck lightly, this indicates that some mistakes were made during their installation. For example, maximum permissible dimensions exceeded partitions. They should be: 4.5 x 6 m for slabs with a thickness of 100 mm and 3.6 x 6 m for slabs with a thickness of 80 mm.
Another one of possible errors – rigid connection of the partition with the adjacent structure(should only be done using mounting adhesive), which is only possible in those rooms where there are no regulatory conditions for sound insulation.
And finally, there may be such an option - the partition is poorly attached when the slabs are elastically connected (through the gasket). The technology for installing tongue-and-groove blocks suggests using, in addition to glue, special staples– 100 x 120 x 20 mm. It is worth noting here that the density of the elastic cork gasket must be at least 250 kg/m3, thickness - 5 mm. Instead of cork, you can use a pad made of bumized felt with a density of at least 300 kg/m 3, also 5 mm thick. And if you did everything strictly according to the instructions, then installation errors are excluded.
Video of installation of partitions from PGP
For many it is easier to see once than to read 10 times. One video is good, but two or three are better in order to better understand the material.
This video shows the process of laying slabs on glue:
And in this video there are details on sawing:
And finally, applying putty on the surface of the slabs:
“I worked in many places, mastered a lot of skills. From construction to programming. And by profession I am an ecologist. A few years ago I took a plot of land and began to actively study the construction business in theory and practice. Now the house is standing, and I write articles :)”
Remodeling an apartment is a common thing; all that remains is to decide on the material and technology for constructing new walls and partitions. We suggest paying attention to tongue-and-groove gypsum boards - a practical, affordable and universally applicable material.
Tongue-and-groove slabs and their scope of application
Tongue-and-groove slabs (GGP) are rectangular blocks of gypsum fiber 80 or 100 mm thick. The size of the slabs is standard - height 500 mm, width 667 mm. To strengthen the connection between the plates, their edges are made in the form of grooves and ridges. The technology allows the construction of up to 4 m 2 of partitions per hour.
Standard slabs are used in rooms with normal humidity conditions; moisture-resistant GGPs are used for bathrooms and baths. The plate can be either solid or hollow with horizontal through holes with a diameter of 40 mm. A hollow slab is not only characterized by reduced lightness and thermal conductivity; when laying slabs in one row, the cross-sectional alignment of the holes is guaranteed to be at least 90%, which allows the cavities to be used as technical channels for laying electrical wiring or pipes.
Preparing the installation site
PGPs are universal in use and can be installed in almost any construction environment. Due to their low weight, they do not require a foundation and can be installed directly on a screed or even on a solid wooden floor.
The only requirement for the location of the partition is that the base should not have a horizontal height difference of more than 2 mm per 1 meter. If the floor in the room does not meet these requirements, then a leveling screed 20-25 cm wide is made.
The surface of both the screed and the floor must be coated several times with a deeply penetrating primer, then dried and cleaned. It is optimal to install the PGP before plastering the load-bearing walls, so the finishing coating will be more seamless.
Damper pad device
To compensate for thermal expansion and settlement of the building, a tape of elastic material is laid at the junction of the partitions with the floor and walls. This could be rubber, balsa wood or silicone tape.
Base cover thin layer glue for GGP and lay the tape. It takes 6-8 hours to harden, after which you can begin constructing the partition.
Installation of the first row
Installation of PGP is carried out strictly in rows, starting from the bottom. The first row is basic and must be correctly oriented in space, vertically and horizontally. Most common mistake during installation - “waviness” of the partition, which occurs due to a slight displacement in the grooves. To eliminate this phenomenon, when laying each slab, you need to use a rule strip and check the general plane of the partition against it.
The first row should be laid from the corner. The area where the slab touches the floor and wall is covered with GGP glue, then the block is installed with the ridge up and its position is leveled. It is convenient to use a rubber mallet to move the slabs. Be sure to fasten the first block to the wall and floor using L-shaped plates, the role of which is successfully performed by direct hangers. To use them, you need to cut off the toothed comb from the edges and bring the thickness of the plate to the width of the comb. The plates are first attached to the base using quick-installation dowels with a length of 80 mm or more, then to the slab with black self-tapping screws no less than 60 mm long.
Subsequently, the slabs are attached through one side: on one side to the floor, on the other - to the previous slab, with a preliminary coating of the joint with a thin layer of glue and strong pressing. To control the placement of slabs according to the project, it is convenient to use lacing or laser level. It would also be a good idea to mark the partition on the floor and walls indicating the locations for the doorways.
Construction of a partition and adjoining to load-bearing walls
The second and subsequent rows are laid with a seam offset of at least 150 mm. The slab is located strictly in the plane of the partition thanks to the tongue-and-groove connection. It is enough to control the horizontal installation level and lateral tilt. The end plates are attached to load-bearing walls L-shaped plates or reinforcement bars 8 mm thick.
To move the joints and remove the edge of the partition, you will need to trim the additional elements to the exact size. It is best to use a regular wood hacksaw with a thick blade and set teeth. If the partition is not adjacent to another wall, its end can be made perfectly flat by increasing the thickness of the glue in the vertical seam from 2 to 6-8 mm.
Construction of doorways
The vertical edges of the openings do not require additional reinforcement. To lay slabs over an opening with a width of less than 90 cm, it is necessary to build a supporting U-shaped strip, which can be removed after the glue has dried.
Openings 90 cm wide or more require laying on top of a series of support beam slabs - 40 mm boards or 70 mm reinforced CD profile. To reach one level, it is recommended to trim the slabs laid on top of the crossbar. The jumper is placed into the partition at least 50 cm on each side.
Corners and intersections of partitions
At the corners and junctions of partitions, it is necessary to strengthen the masonry. To do this, the slabs are laid across a row, alternately covering the joints. In places where the relaying occurs, it is necessary to remove the ridges; they are cut with a hacksaw into sections of 4-5 cm and chipped with a chisel.
The connection can be further strengthened with sections of straight hangers or welded T-shaped elements made of smooth reinforcement. In any case, additional trimming of the ridge to the required distance will be required.
Top row bookmark
When laying the top row, the largest amount of waste is generated due to cutting to the desired height. They can be glued and placed in voids, since this row of partitions does not experience a strong functional load.
Electrical wiring is usually laid in the voids of the top row, so it is important to prevent glue from getting into the holes. To facilitate cable pulling, you can additionally drill holes or make transverse holes with a diameter of 45 mm.
When laying the top row, it is necessary to maintain a gap from the ceiling of at least 15 mm to compensate for the deflection of the ceiling during settlement. The top row also needs to be attached to the floor of every second slab. Upon completion of installation, the remaining space is filled with polyurethane foam.
Interior finishing options
At correct installation The GWP curvature of the surface is no more than 4-5 mm per meter of plane. This is an acceptable indicator for wallpapering walls. External corners partitions must be protected with a perforated corner profile mounted on starting putty. Internal corners they are also puttied, strengthening them with serpyanka. The joints between the plates are cleaned with an 80 grit abrasive mesh, then the entire surface is coated twice with a high-adhesion primer.
Leveling walls made of PGP can be done with any finishing putty, but the coating will need to be reinforced with fiberglass mesh. Often, puttying partitions is used only to hide seams; as a rule, the layer does not exceed 2-4 mm. The tiles can be laid directly on the surface of the PGP with preliminary priming.
Gypsum tongue-and-groove board (GGP) is a building material specifically designed for interior partitions in apartments and houses. It’s hard to imagine that all the interior partitions in the apartment will be without doors. In this article we will look at how to properly make a doorway in a PGP partition.
Hello! In the previous article, I talked about how partitions made from tongue-and-groove slabs are installed. In this article we will look at how to properly make a doorway in a PGP partition.
PGP septum
- Let me remind you that gypsum tongue-and-groove slabs are produced by the companies Knauf and Volma. These are the most popular manufacturers of such slabs.
- GGP slabs are distinguished by ease of installation, ease of cutting and standardization of sizes.
- Slabs are available in two sizes (length (L)×width (B)): 667×500 mm, 80 or 100 mm thick and 900×300 mm, 80 mm thick.
- Let me also remind you that PGP slabs are laid with the groove up or down, with elastic or rigid connections and with offset rows. To install the PGP, gypsum glue is used, and fastening brackets are used to strengthen the structures.
Read the articles about all this:
To add to the memories, here is a diagram for installing a partition made of GGP gypsum boards. You can download the instructions from the link at the end of the article..
Installation diagram of the PGP partition
Doorway in the PGP partition - general rules
Technologically, there are two options for constructing a doorway in the interior partition of the PGP:
1. Option 1. You know the design location of the door and assemble the PGP partition taking into account this location of the door; 1. Option 2. If the doorway has a height of a quarter of the height of the partition (or less), and the area of the door is no more than 10% of the area of the partition, then the doorway under the door can be cut out in a finished solid partition.
Since Option No. 2 is practically impossible in an apartment, then we will further consider only Option No. 1: constructing a doorway during the installation of a partition made of PGP slabs.
The principle of installing slabs in an opening
First, let's pay attention to the installation of the top plates above the doorway. They are installed as follows.
1. If the door width is no more than 900 mm, a supporting structure made of boards is installed when the upper level of the opening is reached. Boards 1 support board 2. It is important that after installation is completed and the glue has dried, all supporting docks are removed.
Temporary support structure for the partition opening
1. If the width of the door or just a doorway is more than 900 mm, usually 1300-1500 m, a permanent supporting element is installed at the upper level of the opening. The element lies on the partition and will constantly support the upper plates of the partition. A supporting element is made from a channel (40×95×40×2.0), or corners, less often reinforcement. This supporting element is not removed after installing the partition.Three options for constructing a doorway in a partition made of gypsum boards
The three considered options for constructing a doorway are approximately the same and differ only in the location of the opening relative to the enclosing structures.
Scheme 1. The opening is located close to the edge of the partition.
Scheme 2. The opening is placed in such a way that the part of the slabs in contact with the door turns out to be narrow (C 2).
Scheme 3. Wide doorway. Widely doorway The top of the opening is reinforced with a channel or corners.
Attaching the door frame to the PGP partition
Fastening door frame made on the finished partition using self-drilling screws SDT 5–5.5×137. A layer of soundproofing material is installed between the box and the end of the partition (required).
