In solving the problem of home insulation, floor insulation is of great importance. This is most relevant for the first floors of apartments and houses, in which there is earth, a basement or a garage under the floor, and thermal insulation on the floor is simply necessary. Nowadays, the market offers various thermal insulation materials that differ in price, properties and installation method.
All thermal insulation materials for floors can be divided into two categories - resistant to dynamic loads and unstable to them.
Such materials are laid in a continuous layer on concrete base, and then the main floor is mounted directly on this material, i.e. the floor will rest with all its weight on the thermal insulation material.
The cheapest option is to use polystyrene foam boards, which are essentially polystyrene foam. In addition to the fact that they are cheap, they also insulate well from the cold, create good sound insulation and are easy to install. But polystyrene foam has one big drawback - over time it accumulates moisture and, as a result, its thermal insulation and waterproofing properties decrease. This happens because the thermal conductivity of water is approximately 25 times higher than that of air. In addition, this material is flammable, which further reduces its consumer value.
Gypsum fiber sheet (GVL) is a fairly common floor insulation material, which is made from gypsum using various additives. But this is not drywall. This material does not have a cardboard covering. There is also a moisture-resistant type of gypsum fiber sheets, which is designated as GVLV. This material does not burn and in most cases is quite environmentally friendly, because... made from natural materials. In addition, GVL has good thermal insulation properties, which makes it quite attractive for laying on a concrete floor.
Polyurethane foam belongs to the group of gas-filled plastics. It has a low water absorption coefficient and good thermal insulation properties. But the complexity of installation and the cost of the material itself make it less attractive compared to other types thermal insulation materials.
It will not be possible to install a floor on such materials. They are typically used to fill voids of any kind, such as voids between floor joists while the main floor will rest on the joists.
One of the most effective is mineral wool (glass wool, mineral wool), which has remarkable thermal insulation, sound insulation, frost-resistant and fire-resistant qualities. Additionally, glass wool is inexpensive, extremely durable, and rodent-resistant.
Excellent thermal insulation for the floor - expanded clay. He creates good thermal insulation, sound insulation, does not burn and, in addition, does not absorb moisture, which makes this material very effective when used in floors with logs.
There is another classification of insulation - according to structure. This classification includes fibrous materials (mineral wool), cellular (polystyrene foam boards) and porous (expanded clay).
There is also a classification by shape, which includes: slabs (polystyrene foam boards, gypsum board), rolls (mineral wool) and loose materials (expanded clay).
We should not forget that most thermal insulation materials are not completely environmentally friendly, i.e. with prolonged contact with humans, they can be harmful to health. Therefore, the installed insulation must be well insulated from the rooms in which people are located.
Heat loss, especially in winter time, negatively affects the health of apartment residents. 30% of the heat escapes through cracks in windows and doorways, and 20% is lost through the floors, mainly on the ground floor, where the heated room is in contact with the ground, if there is no thermal insulation layer. Floor insulation makes your life more comfortable: you can walk on the floor barefoot at any time without fear of catching a cold. The heat in the apartment is maintained thanks to the thermal insulation of the floor. The question arises: “Which floor insulation should you choose?”
Today we will tell you about what types of floor insulation exist, what are their advantages and disadvantages. We will introduce you to the criteria for choosing a thermal insulation layer, tell you which insulation is best for retaining heat in the house, and how to install it correctly in a particular room.
Criteria for choosing floor insulation
To choose the right material for floor insulation, you should pay attention to the following criteria.
The insulation must be:
Types of floor insulation
To choose the right thermal insulation material, you need to know what types the industry offers and what their advantages and disadvantages are.
There are several types of insulation:
- mineral;
- polymer;
- wood-chip.
Expanded clay
Expanded clay is baked clay in granules.
Despite its advantages, there are also minor disadvantages.
Expanded clay takes a long time to dry and slowly releases absorbed moisture. Expanded clay produces dust, so you need to wear a respirator when working with it.
Otherwise, expanded clay is a convenient and high-quality insulation material. Expanded clay is used to insulate walls, floors, and roofs of houses.
Polymer house insulation
These include:
- expanded polystyrene foam;
- polyurethane foam;
- foamed polyethylene on a foil base;
- penoizol-liquid foam.
Expanded polystyrene
One of polymer insulation The floor is polystyrene foam. This is a foamed plastic mass. Consists of individual granular cells.
- This durable material, which, despite its a light weight, can withstand high loads.
- Due to its low weight, foam itself creates minimal load on the walls and foundation.
- It is moisture resistant, so it can be used in places with high humidity on the balcony.
- Polystyrene foam retains heat for a long time, almost without absorbing it. It surpasses many insulation materials in terms of thermal insulation.
- When insulating floors, you can get by with a small thickness of polystyrene foam.
- The price of polystyrene foam is low, which is an important advantage of this material and attracts the attention of buyers.
An important disadvantage of polystyrene foam is that when burned it releases harmful substances that are poisonous and dangerous.
Extruded polystyrene foam
Extruded polystyrene foam differs from polystyrene foam in its manufacturing method and characteristics. Polystyrene foam is produced by exposing the granules to steam. At high temperatures, the cells increase in size and fill the entire mold. A foam element is added to extruded polystyrene foam at elevated pressure and temperature, which is extruded through an extruder.
The thermal insulation properties of extruded polystyrene are much better than conventional polystyrene foam. But extruded polystyrene foam has lower vapor permeability. Another disadvantage is high flammability.
Foamed polyethylene on a foil base
Foamed polyethylene on a foil base is one of the best floor insulation materials. It is obtained by melting polyethylene in a special container with the addition of liquefied gas, which acts as a foamed reagent. A foil film is applied to one side of the polyethylene foam, which reflects heat. Foil-coated polyethylene is supplied in rolls, sheets, and slabs.
- The closedness of the cells contributes to high hygroscopicity. The water resistance of the material allows you to insulate floors and walls in baths and saunas.
- The material is resilient and elastic, durable: it can withstand significant loads and does not deform.
- Caustic acids, alkalis, gasoline and other petroleum products do not affect polyethylene.
- Laying foil polyethylene is easy and simple by hand, because it weighs little and is quite thin. Foil insulation is designed in such a way that it reflects heat back into the room. It does not transfer heat to the external environment. Therefore, it should be laid with the reflective side up.
Penoizol
Penoizol-liquid foam.
It is good because it is poured into all the cracks and hard to reach places.
Insulation is especially necessary when building a house, because it fills all the air voids and thereby retains heat.
Polyurethane foam
Polyurethane foam is one of the best floor insulation materials of our time.
Wood-based insulation materials include:
- plywood;
- cellulose wadding;
- sawdust.
Ecowool
Ecowool is a loose material made from cellulose. It is filled automatically or manually, covering the most inaccessible places. The cotton wool is poured into special pumps, and it passes into the room through thick pipes. Ecowool is not liquid.
The disadvantage of ecowool is its fear of moisture, so it is not recommended to use this material in rooms with excessive humidity.
Sawdust materials
Sawdust itself is not used for insulation because it does not meet fire safety requirements. Mainly used for insulation:
- sawdust pellets;
- wood concrete;
- wood blocks.
Wood blocks are sawdust with the addition of copper sulfate and cement.
Sawdust granules are obtained by adding antiseptics to them, making them resistant to the appearance of microorganisms. Sawdust granules have low thermal conductivity and high sound insulation properties.
Arbolit-wood concrete. It is fire resistant. It has increased strength and can quickly restore its shape after excessive loads. Absorbs sound waves perfectly and retains heat.
Its disadvantage is low moisture resistance. If you want to make insulation from wood concrete, then the humidity in the apartment should not exceed 75%. A finishing protective layer should be laid on top of the wood concrete.
One of the popular insulation materials is cork. This is the best insulation for linoleum, but also the most expensive. Cork fiber is obtained by processing oak wood. The wood is crushed, the particles are glued together with suberin, which is part of oak. They are steamed and pressed to form cork fiber. The material is completely natural and does not contain any polymer additives. The material is durable, moisture-resistant, lightweight. Due to its structure (consists of cells, each of which is filled with a gaseous substance) it is considered the best heat insulator.
Cork fiber can be used as a substrate and as an independent floor covering.
How to lay insulation on the floor
Different insulation materials need to be installed differently.
Mineral wool is laid between the joists. But the glass wool should be properly insulated so that when it wears out, dust does not get into the apartment. It is very important to leave a ventilation gap.
Laying ecowool
Ecowool is laid mechanically or manually. Small particles of ecowool pass through the hose, and the operator uses air to direct the material with glue added to it onto the wall or floor. Sticking. ecowool particles create a thermal insulation layer. Cotton wool is applied to the floors manually, both liquid and dry. It just falls asleep between the lags. A vapor barrier membrane is placed on top, and then wooden floors. The price of ecowool insulation along with work is 2200 per cubic meter using the dry method and 2800 per cubic meter using the wet method.
Laying expanded clay
There are 3 options for laying insulation such as expanded clay:
First you need to sweep the floor and remove construction debris. Need to make a bed PVC film or a special vapor barrier layer. Mark the level of the screed. Then apply 10cm wide edge tape to leave a gap from the walls. Fill the floor with expanded clay, level it, and fill it with screed on top. You can separate the screed with a waterproofing layer;
Laying foam
Expanded polystyrene is laid and then filled with cement or concrete. This is a floating screed.
Logs are placed under wooden floors, and foam plastic is laid between them.
The third way to lay polystyrene foam is to lay it on a concrete floor, and on top of them are sheets of plywood.
Polyurethane foam application technology
First you need to prepare the base: remove debris. Unevenness of the base does not matter when laying polyurethane foam. The main thing is that there are no oil stains on the surface, otherwise there will be no reliable adhesion of the insulation to the base in this place. You should pay attention to the humidity of the floor; it should not exceed 5%. The air temperature must be maintained at least +10 degrees. Polyurethane foam is applied through a special nozzle. Components A and B are mixed and sprayed. The material must be evenly distributed using special equipment over the surface of the base. The specialist himself regulates the thickness of the polyurethane foam layer. The insulation dries within 24-48 hours. If the insulation is placed between wooden joists, then after the material has dried, you can install the finishing coating. If polyurethane foam is placed on a concrete base, then it needs to be poured on top cement-sand screed, which will protect the thermal insulation layer.
Today we told you about floor insulation. We revealed the advantages of each of them and reported on the features of their installation. And which one is better is up to you to choose. We hope you make the right choice.
Soundproofing walls in an apartment, modern materials for which can be found in hardware stores today, is becoming more and more relevant. This is explained simply - fences in multi-storey standard buildings are not able to completely protect the home from external street noise and from sounds coming from neighboring apartments.
Medical scientists It has long been noted that the presence of constant noise has an extremely negative effect on the human psyche, preventing him from getting complete relaxation and rest. That is why, unable to withstand the constant sound pressure, many city residents, especially those who live in panel houses, begin an active search for a suitable soundproofing material that will meet all the requirements for its use in apartments.
Almost all modern acoustic materials are made on the same basic principles as traditional ones. However, they have undergone significant improvements due to recent production technologies.
Today, a very large number of new soundproofing materials are being produced, and it is simply impossible to cover the characteristics of all of them in one article. Therefore, attention will be focused on the most effective ones, which are used specifically in apartment conditions.
Thin sound insulation MaxForteSoundPRO
When the area of an apartment or room does not limit the choice of materials, and you can install sound insulation of any thickness, this is convenient. But what if you can’t afford to waste precious centimeters of living space?
In this case, innovative thin material for sound insulation MaxForte SoundPRO. It has a thickness of only 12 mm, while its characteristics can compete with sound insulation with a thickness of 5 and even 10 cm! MaxForte SoundPRO is the latest material created specifically for sound insulation of residential and industrial premises.
Specialists from the Research Institute of Building Physics and the Department of Acoustics, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University, took part in the development of the material. During the production of MaxForte SoundPRO, all the important points for the effective operation of the material were taken into account: the optimal density was selected (if the density is low, the sound will pass through, if the density is too high, along the “skeleton”), the length of the fibers, and their thickness. The sound-absorbing layer is calibrated and uniform over the entire area. The material is completely non-flammable. The composition does not contain harmful phenol-formaldehyde resins or any adhesives. Therefore, in addition to excellent noise insulation properties, MaxForte SoundPRO is safe for health.
MaxForte SoundPRO provides an increase in noise insulation from both airborne noise (loud TV, crying child, screaming neighbors) and impact noise (noise from stomping, grinding furniture, falling objects). It can be used to soundproof ceilings, walls and floors, which will give a significant increase of up to 64 dB!
Installation of thin sound insulation is very simple, and not only professionals can handle it, but also anyone who has ever held a hammer drill and a screwdriver in their hand.
MaxForte SoundPRO is mounted on the wall using ordinary plastic mushroom dowels, which can be purchased at any hardware store. It is hung on the wall using the “joint-to-joint” technology, after which it is covered with a layer of gypsum fiber board (gypsum fiber sheet). All sheet seams must be sealed with a special vibroacoustic non-hardening sealant. Afterwards, the sound insulation is sewn up with a layer of gypsum plasterboard (plasterboard sheet). The seams of the gypsum fiber board and gypsum board sheets should be staggered, that is, not coincide.
You can see the installation of thin sound insulation MaxForte SoundPRO in the video.
Video - How to install thin sound insulation MaxForte SoundPRO
Thin wall soundproofing panelsSoundGuard EcoZvukoIzol
SoundGuard EcoZvukoIzol panels are a unique material for soundproofing walls and ceilings, which allows you to achieve silence in the apartment and not lose useful space.
SoundGuard EcoZvukoIzol panels are made of durable multi-layer cardboard profiles based on the honeycomb principle, which are filled with thermally treated mineral quartz sand. The quartz filler used is very fine, exactly the same as an hourglass. It is this filler that makes it possible to achieve an impressive weight of the panel - more than 18 kg per m2, and according to the laws of sound insulation, the heavier the material, the worse it transmits sound (cotton wool transmits sound very well, but for example, a brick wall or a steel door is much worse). In addition to its weight, quartz sand, due to its fine fraction, perfectly dampens and absorbs almost all frequencies of sound - from airborne to shock.
How to install panelsSoundGuard EcoZvukoIzol?
Installation of the panels is very simple and almost anyone can handle it. are attached to the wall using SoundGuard DAP acoustic anchors, which are driven into pre-drilled holes through the panel in the wall. After this, all seams and joints are coated with sealant and the entire wall is covered with plasterboard.
Mineral sound-absorbing material "Shumanet-BM"
This soundproofing material made from basalt fibers is considered a premium mineral sound-absorbing board. One side of the mat is laminated with a layer of fiberglass, which helps maintain the integrity of the slab and hold the internal basalt fibers in one position to prevent their small particles from entering the room. This is especially important in cases where the sound-absorbing material will be covered with perforated acoustic panels.
Packaging of soundproofing boards “Shumanet” Plates " Schumanet BM" are manufactured in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 23 — 03-2003 “Noise protection”. They have the following technical and operational characteristics:
| Indicators | |
|---|---|
| Standard slab size (mm) | 1000×500 or 1000×600 |
| Slab thickness (mm) | 50 |
| Material density (kg/m³) | 45 |
| Number of slabs per package (pcs.) | 4 |
| Area of slabs in one package (m²) | 2.0 or 2.4 |
| Weight of one package (kg) | 4.2÷5.5 |
| Packaging volume (m³) | 0.1 ÷ 0.12 |
| Sound absorption coefficient (average) | 0.95 |
| Flammability (GOST 30244-94) | NG (non-flammable) |
| Water absorption when partially immersed in water for 24 hours, % of total volume | No more than 1÷3% |
Acoustic tests to determine the sound absorption coefficient were carried out in the measurement laboratory of the Moscow Research Institute of Building Physics at the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences.
The basis of “Shumanet” is basalt fibers Having a low degree moisture absorption, this soundproofing material can be used not only in rooms with normal humidity, but also, for example, in the bathroom. In addition, it is excellent for soundproofing tension and suspended ceilings, and, of course, walls and multilayer partitions made in the form of a sandwich from plasterboard, plywood, fiberboard and other sheet materials.
Soundproofing walls using Schumanet BM
Installation of the slabs of this sound insulator follows the same principle as all types mineral wool. However, one must take into account the fact that the material will be used primarily as sound absorber, and only then is considered as additional insulation.
The work is carried out in the following sequence:
- On the prepared surface, markings are made to secure the sheathing elements. Since the width of the mats is 500 mm, and they must stand apart between the bars, the distance between the guides should be 450 ÷ 480 mm. If mats 600 mm wide are purchased, then, accordingly, the distance between the bars should be 550 ÷ 580 mm.
- Next, the sheathing elements themselves are fixed, but at the same time, in order not to weaken the basic qualities of the soundproofing material, experienced craftsmen advise performing a series of simple recommendations:
— For lathing, it is best to use wooden beams rather than metal profiles, since metal is a good conductor of sound and can resonate, and wood tends to dampen sound waves.
— Additionally, in order not to create bridges for the passage of sound, it is recommended to make gaskets made of thin sound-proofing material, for example, felt or strips of basalt wool 8 ÷ 10 mm thick, between the wall and the sheathing bars.
— If, after all, a metal profile is chosen for the sheathing, then it is better to move it away from the wall with a soundproofing pad by 12 ÷ 15 mm.
- In the case that the area soundproof the room is large enough, and it is possible to move the sheathing for sound-absorbing material and cladding 100 mm from the wall, then special ones can be used to fasten the bars details - hangers. They are screwed to the wall through wooden spacers, and the bars are already fixed in them.
Another option is the use of special suspensions, which are designed specifically for noise-absorbing structures. Structurally, such a product already has a special damper layer that effectively dampens vibrations without transferring them to the frame guides.
Special suspension used for soundproofing work If guide bars secured in the manner indicated above, then the soundproofing mats are mounted in two layers. The first of them is installed behind the sheathing elements, close to the wall, and the second is installed between the guides.
Double-layer placement of “Shumanet” panels - Ultimately, upon completion of installation of the Schumanet BM panels, the walls should look like this:
Next, on top of the mats soundproofing material is fixed vapor permeable diffuse membrane. Then they proceed to the installation of plasterboard or plywood sheets, which, in turn, will become the basis for finishing work. However, it is quite possible to replace this multi-layering by fastening it directly to the guide lathing of wooden decorative lining.
Next, the wall is covered with a diffuse membrane and covered with plasterboard or plywood It should be noted that all sound and heat insulating materials made in mats or rolls are mounted on walls according to the same principle.
Video: advantages of soundproofing mineral slabs " Schumanet»
"Texound" - a new direction in sound insulation technology
"Texound" is not yet as popular as mineral wool or expanded polystyrene, since it is a relatively new sound insulator. The most important advantage of Texound over others soundproofing materials is that it practically does not “steal” the usable area of the room, since it is small in thickness.
The main advantage of Texound is the highest efficiency of sound insulation with a small thickness of the material itself This sound insulator is used for all surfaces of the room - it is fixed to the ceiling and walls, and also laid on the floor.
It should be noted that some craftsmen use Texound in combination with thermal insulation materials, and such a combination only increases the effectiveness of its use. But, unfortunately, the rooms in apartments most often do not have extra space that can be given over to a “powerful” multi-layer sound and heat insulating structure. In this regard, a material was developed that is able to protect rooms from excess noise without reducing the room in size.
To achieve the desired effect and protect the room from outside sounds, it is necessary to cover all surfaces of the room with soundproofing material, otherwise it will be impossible to achieve the desired result.
Texaund was developed in Spain by specialists from the well-known company TEXSA, and its mass industrial production began there. It is in this country that the largest deposit of the mineral aragonite, which is the main raw material, is located.
To be more precise, the basic component is calcium carbonate (CaCO³). Aragonite is very rich in this compound. In addition, calcium carbonate is the main component of many calcareous rocks, including chalk, marble and others.
Harmless polymer compounds are used as binding components, and the result is high-density membranes, but at the same time very flexible and elastic, with pronounced visco-elastic qualities, which is extremely important for sound insulation of complex building structures.
Soundproofing rooms with this material is very effective even if canvases of very small thickness are used. “Texound” is capable of absorbing and dispersing even high-intensity sound waves that come not only from the outside, but are also created indoors, for example, during very loud music.
Texaunda canvas covered with protective film “Texound” is produced in sheets (membranes) and goes on sale in rolls packaged in polyethylene. It has the following technical and operational characteristics:
| Name of material parameters | Indicators |
|---|---|
| Material density (kg/m³) | 1900 |
| Average specific gravity canvas (kg/m²) | 6.9 |
| Area covered by one package (m²) | 6.1 |
| Weight of one package (kg) | 42 |
| Sound insulation coefficient Rw (average) | 28 |
| Flammability (GOST 30244-94) | G2 |
| Elongation at break (%) | 300 |
| Manufacturing materials | mineral aragonite, plasticizers, polyolefins, spunbond |
In addition, the material has the following advantages:
- "Texaund" is resistant to temperature changes. Its elasticity does not decrease at all even at negative temperatures down to - 20 ° C .
- The material has pronounced flexibility and ductility, and in this way “Texound” is somewhat reminiscent of rubber.
"Texound" with its plasticity resembles dense rubber - The material is resistant to moisture and will never become an area for mold or mildew to spread, as it has antiseptic properties.
- The operating time of the Texound is not limited.
- Texound combines well with other materials and can be used in a complex system.
“Texound” is divided according to its thickness, size and release form, and may have additional layers that improve its characteristics. The main brands are presented in the table:
| Name | Sound insulator release form | Linear parameters of the material, mm |
|---|---|---|
| "Texound 35" | roll | 1220×8000×1.8 |
| "Texound 50" | roll | 1220×8000×1.8 |
| "Texound 70" | roll | 1220×6000×2.6 |
| "Texound100" | sheet | 1200×100×4.2 |
| "Texound SY 35" | Self-adhesive roll | 1220×8000×3.0 |
| "Texound SY 50" | Self-adhesive roll | 1220×6050×2.6 |
| "Texound SY 50 AL" | Foil self-adhesive roll | 1200×6000×2.0 |
| "Texound SY 70" | Self-adhesive roll | 1200×5050×3.8 |
| "Texound SY100" | Self-adhesive sheet | 1200×100×4.2 |
| "Texound FT 55 AL" | With felt and foil layer, roll | 1220×5500×15.0 |
| "Texound FT 40" | With felt layer | 1220×6000×12.0 |
| "Texound FT 55" | With felt layer | 1200×6000×14.0 |
| "Texound FT 75" | With felt layer | 1220×5500×15.0 |
| "Texound 2FT 80" | With two felt layers | 1200×5500×24.0 |
| "Texound S BAND-50" | Self-adhesive tape | 50×6000×3.7 |
| Homakoll glue intended for Texound | Canister | 8 liters |
Installation of "texound"
Almost any base is suitable for installation of this material - concrete, plasterboard, plastic, wood, metal and others. The main thing is that the surface is well prepared - leveled, cleaned of old coatings, primed and dried.
If there is a high-quality layer of plaster on the wall, then it must be primed, and then installation can be carried out directly on it.
The work can be carried out in two ways. In the first of them, only soundproofing material is used, and in the second, it is used in combination with a heat insulator.
The first option - without additional insulation
- Glue is applied to the prepared surface. To install the Texaund, a special mounting adhesive is used, which is sold in ready-to-use liquid form in canisters. After coating, you must wait 15-20 minutes until the glue sets.
Marking and cutting of Texound canvases - Next, the soundproofing material itself is mounted on the glued wall, which must be measured and cut in advance, and also pre-coated with glue.
Special glue is applied both to the surface of the wall and to the Texound canvas itself. - If you purchase self-adhesive material, then installation will be much easier, since adhesive will not be needed, and you will just need to remove protective film and attach the material to the wall.
- Next, the texaund sheet needs to be pressed as tightly as possible to the surface, and then additionally walked over it with a roller. This must be done to achieve better adhesion to the wall surface over the entire area, without leaving air bubbles.
Welding Texound joints using a gas torch - Texound canvases must be overlapped by approximately 50 mm. The sheets are glued together hermetically. This process is carried out using liquid nails glue or by heating the material with hot air or gas burner– adjacent sheets are welded. If during installation even small gaps are left between the panels, the effectiveness of sound insulation will be significantly reduced.
Doorway completely finished with Texound - If Texound is installed on the ceiling, then it is glued in small sheets, since the material is quite heavy, and it will simply be impossible to hold a single sheet from wall to wall.
- After gluing the canvas, if necessary, it is additionally fixed to the wall with fastenings - “fungi”, the same ones that are most often used for installing polystyrene foam or mineral wool.
The second option is using thermal insulation
Complex installation is carried out if the wall needs not only soundproof, but also insulate. If there is such a task, then the work is carried out as follows:
- The sheathing frame is attached to the primed wall along the edges.
Texound frame around the perimeter of the wall - The next step is to immediately glue Texound onto the entire wall in one version, and in the other, heat-insulating material is pre-laid. However, the first method shows more high efficiency specifically for sound insulation.
- If thermal insulation is adjacent to the wall, the “texaund” is first secured with “fungi”, and then additionally pressed with strips of metal hangers.
Fixing Texound panels with mushroom dowels - To achieve the required space for installing the insulating material, the metal profile of the frame is fixed into hangers at a distance of 40÷50 mm from the wall. In this case, it is necessary to set each of the profiles according to construction level, otherwise the frame skin will not be smooth.
Installation of a metal frame on top of soundproofing panels - The next stage is the installation of insulation. The most environmentally friendly suitable insulation materials, which can be installed independently, is considered to be basalt-based mineral wool. If financial allow facilities, then you can use the above-described “Shumanet BM”, which is not only sound-absorbing, but a good thermal insulation material.
- It fits tightly between the sheathing posts and is pressed against the Texound mounted on the wall.
- Upon completion of the installation of insulation, the wall should look like this:
- It is advisable to tighten the insulation vapor permeable diffuse membrane.
- The next stage is . In some cases Plywood or OSB sheets are used for cladding.
- The sheets are fastened to the sheathing posts using self-tapping screws, the heads of which are recessed into the sheathing material by 1.5 ÷ 2 mm.
- Then the joints and holes from the screw heads are sealed with putty.
- Next, the surface is primed and puttied completely, and after that you can decorate the walls with decorative material.
Drywall is the most convenient material for leveling walls
The wall that received soundproofing and insulating protection, it is necessary to prepare for further work– achieve flat surface, which will become the basis for finishing materials. As well as in special publications on our portal.
Prices for drywall and sheet materials
Drywall and sheet materials
Existing texound installation schemes
Masters apply various schemes installation of this sound insulator. Depending on the convenience of performing the work, the area of the room and the required efficiency of insulating the walls from external noise, you can choose any of them. The only disadvantage of these structures is their thickness, which even in the most best case scenario will be at least 50 mm.
First option
This design will have a thickness of 50 mm.
- They begin to install it by covering the prepared metal profiles on the side of their contact with the wall with self-adhesive tape “Texound S BAND 50”. This must be done in order to avoid the transmission of sound and vibrations from the wall through the metal frame into the room.
- Next, the frame elements are fixed to the wall with dowels, and heat-insulating, sound-absorbing mats are mounted between them.
- Then, soundproofing material is glued to the plasterboard sheets on the inside. In this case, Texound 70 is suitable.
- After that. drywall is fixed to the frame posts, and its seams are sealed with putty.
Second option
The thickness of the structure with this option will be 60 mm.
- In this case, first a thin heat insulator is attached to the wall. You can use foil insulation, installing it with the reflective surface towards the room. The insulation should cover the joints of the wall with the floor and ceiling, that is, extend to them by 150÷200 mm.
- On top of it is produced installation of a metal frame, which just like in the first design option, it is attached to the wall.
- Next, insulation mats are laid into the frame, which are covered with plasterboard with Texound 70 glued to it.
It should be noted here that the thermal insulation material attached to the wall can be replaced with Texound FT 75, which has an additional layer of felt.
Third option
The thickness of the third design option is 70 ÷ 80 mm, since it consists of more layers.
- The first layer of thermal insulation material is installed on the wall.
- The second layer is the Texound sound-absorbing membrane.
- A sheathing is mounted on top of it.
- Then the insulation mats are installed.
- The last layer on the structure is sandwich panels, consisting of two sheets of plasterboard, between which Texound is laid.
When purchasing soundproofing material of this type, it is recommended to provide the consultant of the selling company with the characteristics of the material from which the house is built. The sales consultant will help you make the right choice by determining the thickness and better shape release of Texound.
Video: using Texaund for soundproofing in an apartment
Using foam mats as sound insulation
The most effective affordable material for soundproofing walls in an apartment can be called acoustic foam rubber. Due to its porous structure, this material perfectly absorbs and dissipates sound vibrations.
Acoustic foam rubber is capable of neutralizing two types of noise - sound and vibration waves, that is, it muffles sound and dissipates low frequencies arising from vibrations of surfaces, for example, knocking or “bass” of music.
The material is quite durable and can be installed either as an independent soundproofing material or in combination with drywall. Foam mats are available in a wide range of sizes and can be textured or have a flat surface.
Foam rubber is made by pressing polyurethane foam, after which cutting is carried out into standard blocks measuring 1000 × 2000 mm. The thickness of the mats varies from 10 to 120 mm. Domestic material is available in two or three colors, while imported options have a more varied range of colors, including 10 ÷ 12 colors.
Types of material relief
The types of relief patterns of acoustic foam rubber can be different. Both the total thickness of the material and its sound-absorbing properties.
The main types of reliefs used for the purpose of soundproofing rooms are presented in the tables below:
| Material relief height (mm) | 25 | 50 | 70 | 100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| "Wedge" | ||||
| For moderate sound insulation of walls and ceilings. | Effective for absorbing standing sound waves and echoes in medium to small rooms. | For effective soundproofing of rooms of any size. | To absorb low frequencies, most often used in large halls. | |
| "Pyramid" | ||||
| For moderate protection of walls against penetration of high and medium frequencies. | Protection against standing waves in small rooms. In combination with traps for low frequencies, they can completely soundproof a room. | Suitable for rooms of any size and used in conjunction with additional elements soundproofing such as sound traps. | Same characteristics as wedge material type |
There are other, less commonly used elements made from acoustic foam.
| Name of relief type | Characteristics |
|---|---|
| "Peak" | This mat relief is less popular and has an unusual pattern. Its lack of demand is explained by lower soundproofing qualities than those of the materials mentioned above. |
| "Bass Trap" | Low frequency waves are more difficult to dampen because they have longer length. For this purpose, bass traps are installed in each corner of the room, which are designed for rooms of any size. |
| "Treble and Mid Frequency Traps" | These elements are installed in large halls. They are designed to capture medium and high frequencies, and create a low-frequency dispersion effect. They are installed in a vertical position, but if the blocks are cut in half and installed in the corners, they will become low frequency traps. |
| "Corner block" | Corner blocks are produced in the form of a triangular beam. They are installed in the corners of the room and at the junctions of two surfaces, and also serve to dissipate low frequencies. |
| Decorative ceiling tiles | They are produced with or without a relief pattern. They are designed to change the relief and shape of the ceiling, thereby achieving an additional soundproofing effect. |
| Insulating wedges | Used to reduce vibrations from studio equipment and used as a substrate for it. |
Until recently, acoustic foam rubber was rarely used in apartments, since the material tends to accumulate dust. But in last years more and more residents panel houses foam rubber is chosen to reduce the sound conductivity of walls. Thanks to its high sound-absorbing and dissipating properties, this material can make a room almost completely soundproof, provided it is installed not only on walls, but also on the surface of the ceiling and floor.
It is very important to note that acoustic foam rubber does not lose any of its soundproofing qualities when it is covered with plasterboard. The main condition in creating such a structure is that the foam mats themselves must be glued directly to the base of the wall, without any lining.
Soundproofing walls with acoustic foam
Installing foam rubber on walls is not too complicated, so you can easily do it yourself. In this case, it is worth considering the most acceptable method of sound insulation for apartment conditions, but it should immediately be noted that the area of the room will be slightly reduced.
Installation work is carried out in the following sequence:
- To make the foam stick easily, it is best to prime the wall surface and dry it well.
- Next, the mats need to be fixed to the wall. They must fit tightly to its surface, otherwise the sound insulation effect will be partially lost.
- You can glue foam mats using wide double-sided mounting tape, “liquid nails” or heated silicone.
- When all the walls are covered with foam mats, you can proceed to the installation of frame sheathing made of metal profiles or wooden beams. The frame guides are mounted at a distance of 50÷60 mm from the wall.
- The racks are mounted in the recesses of the relief pattern directly to the wall. Holes for fastenings are drilled directly through the foam.
- After fixing the frame of the sheathing, sheets of plasterboard, plywood, PVC panels or others are fixed to the guides Decoration Materials. This will not in any way reduce the sound absorption efficiency of the foam layer, since it will be the first to receive all sound waves coming from outside, absorb them and dissipate them.
- In the same way, the foam rubber is mounted on the lathing. The lathing is installed directly on it, and then one of the types of suspended ceilings is fixed.
- On the floor, logs are laid on top of acoustic foam rubber, on which a plank or plywood floor is laid. Next, if desired, you can lay laminate, linoleum, carpet covering or other decorative coating.
It should be noted that the installation of acoustic mats does not require serious preparatory repair work, and if the decision is made to leave the foam panels open, then their installation will generally take no more than one day.
The exposed material will require frequent cleaning with a powerful vacuum cleaner to prevent large amounts of dust from accumulating within the porous material. If one of the panels comes away from the wall for some reason, it can be quickly and without special preparation glued into place.
In addition to the considered soundproofing materials, the range includes construction stores others are presented. But today, acoustic foam rubber, Texaund membranes, Schumanet slabs and similar sound insulators can be called the most effective and safest for installation in an apartment.
During construction or repairs, walls, ceilings, floors and other surfaces are covered with special materials, to prevent heat loss during the cold period and did not bother the heat in the summer season. One of them is roll insulation, often used for large areas.
Advantages of roll material
This material has many advantages. The main thing is that the insulation in rolls copes well with preserving optimal temperatures indoors. There are other advantages:
Main types of insulation
Thermal insulation in rolled rolls can be used both for external and internal laying. There are options specifically designed for pipes and communications. Available for sale and roll insulation for walls directly under the wallpaper.
The raw materials used for their production are also different. Thermal insulation made from mineral components is the most common. Foamed polyethylene is also popular. Natural insulation materials like corks are less common and used. Some types have an additional layer in the form of foil or paper. Let's consider each option in more detail.
Special thermal insulation coating
To improve the performance of their products, companies that produce rolled thermal insulation add certain coatings. The basis under them may be different.
Types of mineral wool in rolls
There are several varieties of insulation in this group. Their structure is the same, they differ in composition.
Any type of wool must be covered with a vapor barrier, especially in rooms with high humidity. And it also holds back the smallest particles of fibers that appear over time and negatively affect a person. Raw materials often contain formaldehyde, which also affects health. High-quality rolls should have a minimum of this substance
For laying mineral wool The frame must be installed. On the walls, the panels that hold it in place are pressed firmly so that the canvas does not move out over time. For necessary protection from the cold, the number of layers can be increased.
Manufacturers often divide their products according to the purpose of the insulation. For ceilings and floors, the rolls will be lighter. For the main floor, walls, and other surfaces, the density of the material is usually increased. Due to this, the dimensions of the roll also change:
- length from 3 to 8 meters;
- thickness in 3 options (50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm);
- width from 0.6 m to 1.22 m.
Manufacturers of insulating wool
Construction stores offer a wide selection of mineral wool. Let's look at the features of materials from some companies specializing in this area:
Has many positive qualities. It is obtained by filling heated polyethylene with gases. As a result, a mass is formed with many closed bubbles inside, which subsequently hardens. For special strength, it is also “cross-linked,” i.e., the bonds of molecules are strengthened chemically.
Therefore, they are available for sale two options: stitched and, accordingly, unstitched. Both types have very low thermal conductivity, but the first one still has better characteristics, and therefore costs more (its density is 30 kg/m³). The general properties of the materials are:
The difference is that cross-linked polyethylene foam is capable of absorbing sounds well, but its brother cannot boast of this. It works worse as a sound insulator. Under mechanical stress, the uncrosslinked version loses its shape irrevocably. Cross-linked has greater compressive strength, which means it can be used for insulating horizontal surfaces.
Due to the thinness of the material, rolls can be up to 30 meters in length, width from 0.6 to 1.2 m. Thickness reaches 1 cm. Negative nuances for polyethylene are flammability and current conductivity (electricity passing nearby must be well insulated) . To secure the material to the wall, special glue is required.
Penofol brand polyethylene foam
Penofol insulation - appeared recently, but has already stood out among its peers. It is not destroyed by weather conditions and aggressive environments. Thermal insulators from this company have several varieties:
- the foil covering can be fixed on one or both sides;
- rolls with an adhesive layer (even more simplifies installation);
- specialized type of insulation for communication networks;
- insulation for harsh conditions with a thickness of up to 40 mm.
The combined technology makes it possible to further reduce the thermal conductivity of insulated surfaces. A moisture-resistant and durable material that does not require the cost of vapor barrier, can be used in various directions. Does not lose its properties in the temperature range from -60 to +100 C°.
Cork insulation for surfaces
An environmentally friendly and durable raw material for the production of thermal insulation is cork oak bark. Absolutely natural ingredients make rolls safe for health. The crushed bark is combined with organic glue and pressed. Thickness ranges from 2 to 6 millimeters. The length of the roll reaches 10 meters, the width is mostly one meter. Most often, in this form, the cork goes under wallpaper, on a substrate for laminate or “warm flooring”.
Thermal conductivity index not inferior to mineral wool, but the layer used is much thinner. Cork insulation is not flammable, does not absorb water well and retains noise. However, its density is high, and therefore its weight is high. The safety factor is high, the service life is stated to be up to 50 years. Negative side The price for “naturalness” is quite high compared to the others.
This insulation is produced mainly by Portuguese companies: Wicanders, Izora, Amorim. They offer a wide range of insulating rolls, which can also serve as wall decoration. Installation is also simple; basically, the cork is “set” on glue.
Modern technologies provide a huge selection of heat insulators for any premises and structures. The selection criteria are based on what surface needs to be covered and how much the buyer is willing to pay for it to maintain comfort in their home.
First you need to consider the benefits of high-quality sound insulation. Sound-absorbing materials should ideally provide:
- the opportunity to relax and unwind;
- absence of extraneous sounds that interfere with concentration on a specific activity;
- full sleep.
It is impossible to achieve complete 100% noise isolation, and besides, there is no such need for this. It is enough to reduce extraneous sounds to a level where they do not cause irritation and do not interfere with proper rest. Sound insulation materials will cope with this task perfectly.
It is known that noise is the sound vibrations of air. They are capable of influencing a person, most often negatively.
Sounds that cause irritation include:
- loud conversations behind the wall of neighbors in the apartment;
- sounds of power tools during construction and repair work;
- activities of household appliances;
- extraneous noise from the street;
- operation of communication systems;
- many other actions that are unpleasant for our hearing.
Sound insulation materials that can be used to ensure high-quality sound insulation of walls and partitions in a new building or a residential building built long ago are varied. These include polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, mineral wool and cork. You will learn about them in this article.
Polystyrene foam is a modern product for soundproofing an apartment or house. This is a foamed plastic gas-filled mass of white color.
Its main volume is occupied by gas, the density of which is much lower than the density of the polymer - the main raw material of the product. This is due to the high heat and sound insulation properties of polystyrene foam.
Technical characteristics and properties of polystyrene foam
Foam plastic is produced by both domestic and foreign manufacturers. The Knauf Corporation produces it using a non-press method from foamed polystyrene. Each cell is composed of dense cells, and each cell contains 98% air and 2% polystyrene.
If you need foam plastic, then as an example you can use products that are made from environmentally friendly raw materials. A fire retardant is added to the composition, so this material:
- does not burn;
- not subject to rotting;
- not afraid of exposure to microorganisms;
- has a high service life.
Polystyrene foam is one of the most popular materials for insulating partitions in apartments. First of all, this is due to his physical and chemical properties, safety and operational characteristics.
The table below describes the main parameters.
Thanks to modern technologies and equipment it is currently possible to produce foam of various types mechanical strength, density, resistance to all kinds of influences. Products made from it are safe for humans, therefore they are widely used in the food industry; goods and products intended for our nutrition are packaged in it.
Polystyrene foam is widely used in other industries and has the following advantages:
- resistant to moisture and aging;
- microorganisms cannot influence it;
- it is easy to work with, it can be cut with a handsaw or knife;
- easily glues with other materials intended for partitions and walls in an apartment or outside the house;
- easy to install.
Polystyrene foam is a waterproof material, but at the same time it has a high level of breathability. The temperature in which it is located is not capable of exerting negative impact on the properties of the material. For example, at a temperature of 90 degrees Celsius, the foam will not change its properties over a long period.
Many developers, when choosing materials for sound insulation in a residential area, opt for foam plastic. First of all, it is necessary to note its operational and technical properties:
- Low thermal conductivity, due to which the air is evenly distributed inside the material.
- Durability. Subject to all operating conditions, the foam will last a long time. Even over time, it is not able to change its properties.
- Resistance to various damages - weak acids, alkalis, moisture. It is important that the material is chemically neutral.
The industry produces GOST 15588-86 foam grades listed in the table.
And the indicators for physical and mechanical properties must comply with GOST standards, which are indicated in the table below.
In order to install polystyrene foam on the wall, use special glue or a dowel with a wide head.
Let's consider the first option. Some experts prefer cement-based dry mixes, which are distinguished by their durability, reliability and high level of adhesion.
But you can also use aerosol polyurethane types in your work. The laying technology consists of the following stages:
- The slabs are laid on a starting strip, which is secured around the perimeter of the surface to be treated. This is done using dowels, the pitch is 300-400 mm.
- The surface must be clean, free of dust and dirt.
- Dissolve the glue. The packaging contains precise instructions: cold water pour in the mixture and stir using a construction mixer. Then the composition is left for 5 minutes to mature and mixed again.
- Using a spatula, glue is applied to the slabs, spreading it evenly around the perimeter and with a few slaps in the middle.
- The foam is placed on the bar and pressed firmly in the places where the glue is located.
- Care must be taken to ensure that the slab does not become distorted. You can control this process using a level. Inaccuracies are corrected by lightly tapping the plate with your hand or a hammer. But do not forget to do this through a wooden block so as not to destroy the foam.
- The slabs are laid horizontally from below. The next row is already performed in a checkerboard pattern, so that a bandage of joints is formed.
- The seams are filled with glue, and any excess is removed using a spatula. Next, the glue is allowed to dry, sometimes it takes 2-3 days.
The second option makes it possible to fix the foam using a special dowel. It has a wide cap, which makes its contact with the surface significantly increased and it reliably presses the slab against the wall. A hole of the required depth is drilled in the wall using a hammer drill. There should be 5 such holes per sheet - in the corners and in the middle.
The dowel should sink into the foam and not protrude from it. Otherwise, when puttingty you will have to waste a lot of material. Just don’t press too hard, otherwise the foam will crack.
Sometimes, for reliability, professionals stick polystyrene foam onto the wall and secure each sheet with dowels. This method common in cases where the wall surface is uneven. Then the glue is applied in the corners and in the center of the slab. The foam is then pressed onto the base. And then at the same points it is attracted by plastic dowels - “fungi”, adjusting the evenness of the sheet along the plane and fixing it in a given position.
Many experts believe that polystyrene foam is better suited for soundproofing partitions and walls. It is easy to install, does not require any special skills, is easy to cut with a knife and lasts a long time.
Before we begin a descriptive description of expanded polystyrene, it is necessary to distinguish between it and polystyrene foam. There is an opinion that this is the same sound-absorbing material, since the composition is identical - air and styrene (hydrogen + carbon).
So, the differences between expanded polystyrene and polystyrene foam are as follows:
- Different manufacturing technologies - the first is produced by dry steam treatment, the second by melting polystyrene foam granules.
- Differences in the characteristics of production methods.
Technical characteristics and properties of polystyrene foam
This product is as well known in construction as polystyrene foam. Many people choose expanded polystyrene because it has:
- High strength - the material never crumbles, bending resistance is 5-6 times higher than polystyrene foam. That is why it is better to use it in places that are sometimes subject to mechanical stress, for example, for partitions in an apartment.
- High sound insulation rate due to the presence of many voids in the polymer.
- The density is several times higher than the parameters of foam plastic, so its weight is greater.
Expanded polystyrene is a material whose characteristics in some cases exceed those of foam plastic. Despite this, the latter polymer is recommended for use in cases with light loads, where the use of expensive materials is not required.
In accordance with GOST 30244-94, the fire hazard of untreated polystyrene foam has a flammability class of G4. This means that its ignition can occur from:
- match flame;
- blowtorch;
- autogenous welding sparks.
The material stores energy from the heat source, spreads the fire, and initiates flame intensification. The fire safety indicator depends on the additives used in the production of the material. Temperature ignition is determined by certification class.
Regular polystyrene foam (G4) for a short time reaches 1200 °C, and having special additives (fire retardants) in its composition, it reduces the combustion temperature and corresponds to the G1 flammability class.
When polystyrene foam burns, it produces toxic smoke. In ordinary material, it is 36 times larger in volume than wood, in particular, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen bromide and other substances are released. And depending on the impurities that are part of the polystyrene foam, the smoke acquires varying intensity and degree of release of harmful substances.
Products made of expanded polystyrene with flammability class G4 are not allowed for use in construction. We use only material modified with special additives. It is called self-extinguishing and has a flammability class of G1. Domestic manufacturers mark it with the letter “S” (PSB-S).
To ensure high-quality sound insulation of partitions in rooms, it is recommended to pay attention to a polymer whose thickness is 2-3 cm. When choosing, it is necessary to take into account that as the thickness increases, the sound insulating qualities will increase. Before purchasing, break off a piece of material; if at the break site it has granules in the shape of regular polyhedra, then the polymer is of high quality.
Consider in the table below the dimensions, volume and weight of polystyrene foam sheets produced by Knauf Corporation:
Expanded polystyrene boards are considered one of the most affordable sound insulators on the construction market. They can withstand loads of 6 t/m2, are easy to install and durable.
Polyurethane foam
Soundproofing materials include materials such as polyurethane foam. This is a type of plastic with a cellular foam structure. The composition of the material is dominated by a gaseous substance, the content of which varies from 85% to 90% of the total mass. The polymer consists of many thousands of cells, each of which is isolated from the others.
There are two types of polyurethane foam:
- Foam rubber is an elastic type of polymer, the density of which reaches from 5-35% per 1 m 3.
- Rigid polyurethane foam, available in more than thirty grades (suitable for insulating indoor partitions).
The characteristics of rigid polyurethane foam used for soundproofing walls and partitions in rooms include:
- low thermal conductivity;
- light weight;
- high level of strength;
- no need to use fastening elements;
- high anti-corrosion protection metal structures;
- there are no cold bridges in this polymer;
- insulation can take different forms;
- Confirmed environmental friendliness - in accordance with hygienic standards, it can be used in the refrigerator for food.
Polymer spraying is possible on many materials (which is where its versatility is demonstrated) - on wood, glass surfaces, metal and other coatings. In this case, the surface configuration does not matter. An important point is the resistance of the polymer to acid, the possibility of use in soil.
When working with polyurethane foam, you must remember that it is not desirable for direct impact sun rays.
The durability of polyurethane foam is 25-30 years, subject to the rules of use. The excellent climate-resistant parameters of the material have been confirmed, in particular its resistance to moisture. According to the flammability class, it belongs to categories G1-G4. The polymer contains fire retardants that prevent the spread of fire.
When exposed to open flame, the material tends to burn. But in its deep layers the flame does not spread. This is explained by the cellular structure of the material and the fact that it contains trichlorethyl phosphate, a fire retardant. Therefore, this material of flammability groups G1 and G2 is allowed to be used in kindergartens and school institutions.
Polyurethane foam is also resistant to microorganisms and rotting processes.
The physical properties of this material can be considered in the following table.
The popularity of this building material This is explained by the fact that specialists have the opportunity to obtain it directly at the point of application. Liquid products, when mixed in certain proportions, create chemical reaction with simultaneous foaming. Which is sometimes very convenient and physically justified during construction processes.
Just remember that working with polyurethane foam requires specialized equipment and personal protective equipment.
If you are interested in information about polyurethane foam and all its properties, then more detailed information can be found in the article “”
Basalt wool
Sound-absorbing materials include mineral wool, known as basalt wool. It is used for soundproofing walls, decorative partitions and ceilings in the apartment. Products made from it are supplied in the form of slabs or rolls.
The table below shows the types of components and specifications.
This material has many advantages, among which thermal insulation stands out. This quality is confirmed by the low thermal conductivity coefficient; heat loss is the lowest of all heat insulators. In addition to the above qualities, there are a number of advantages:
- The material does not collapse when exposed to aggressive environments or chemicals. Basalt wool does not externally change its appearance and does not lose its qualities. She is not afraid of fungi and microorganisms.
- The durability of the material is guaranteed by the manufacturer; it reaches 30-40 years. True, experts say that it is possible to add a couple of decades to this period. Its fibers are short in length and are randomly located in basalt wool. And this ensures high mechanical characteristics over many years of operation.
- The structure of the material is not afraid of vibrations.
- Basalt wool tolerates ultraviolet radiation better than others.
- Temperature changes do not affect the technical characteristics of the material.
- Basalt wool perfectly absorbs extraneous noise, loud and harsh sounds.
The table shows the sound absorption coefficients of some building materials.
The use of high-quality mineral wool cannot guarantee reliable sound insulation, since the material is constituent element sound-absorbing structure, the construction of which requires taking into account proven techniques.
Mineral wool slabs with a synthetic binder are manufactured according to GOST 9573-96 and have the dimensions shown in the table.
The physical and mechanical properties of the material must correspond to the following characteristics.
Products are marked according to GOST 25880 with mandatory indication of release time and symbol. Each package is marked with a “Keep away from moisture” sign. GOST 14192. Basalt wool is a non-flammable material, so when heated it does not release toxins or other harmful substances. An equally important indicator is the smoke-forming ability of basalt, which does not emit smoke. It is installed quite simply - the slab is laid between the profiles and holds perfectly. You can also secure it with cement-based glue, as in the cases described above with polystyrene foam or expanded polystyrene.
Many people believe that basalt wool is harmful to health. This is debatable. It does not emit odors, its properties are similar natural stone basalt. True, phenol and formaldehyde resins are used as binders, but if the necessary standards and requirements were observed during the production of the material, harmful substances remain in a bound state. Therefore, we can state the fact that basalt wool is harmless to human health and the environment.
An excellent option to solve the problem of sound insulation is to cover the walls with cork.
This coating is one of the environmentally friendly materials, since the material has a natural composition. Cork is able to retain heat, is reliable and durable. An equally important advantage is the aesthetic appearance.
Cork is commercially available in two types:
- Soundproofing panels.
- Rolls (film).
To attach it to the walls, you must use an adhesive composition. Internal structure The material is represented by a huge number of tiny bubbles that perfectly retain heat inside. In addition, this structure helps to improve the acoustic picture in the rooms.
Soundproofing panels have the following characteristics:
- light weight - the material is light and does not sink in water;
- elasticity – even after rendering high pressure, the panel returns back to its original shape;
- tightness - due to the presence of tree bark, the material becomes impermeable to substances in liquid and gaseous states;
- high water resistance;
- hypoallergenic - the stove does not absorb dust, therefore it is not capable of provoking allergic reactions;
- fire resistance - it does not contribute to the spread of fire, in addition, when ignited, it does not release toxins, which is confirmed SNiP 03/23/2003;
- the internal structure of the slab provides excellent soundproofing properties, so its use will ensure peace and quiet in the house;
- durability due to the unique structure of soundproofing boards and their qualities - elasticity and elasticity. Even after a long period of time, the material will not lose its original properties.
Cork is a natural product, the connecting link of which is made of polyurethane. The thickness of the slab depends on the type - varies from 0.6 to 1.2 mm. It is recommended to protect the material from prolonged exposure to sunlight. The ability of cork to dampen vibrations provides a significant reduction in noise in the room where it is used.
Soundproofing a room using cork - great option for new buildings that do not require the use of special materials to ensure noise insulation. Cork can be used for walls, ceilings and decorative partitions, as evidenced by numerous reviews from experts.
The characteristics of this material can be found in the table.
For a more detailed explanation, we studied this material and described our observations and research in the article “”
If you choose sound-absorbing materials for walls, decorative partitions or ceilings in a new building, then you need to rely not only on operational properties or the merits of a particular polymer, it is also recommended to pay attention to the technical properties of the product. The presented table includes a comparison of all materials considered in technical terms. To draw an analogy, the following indicators were used: density, thermal conductivity, porosity, durability, working temperature. Taking into account each of these parameters, you will make the right choice in favor of one product or another. Technical properties of soundproofing materials
So, all of the above soundproofing materials are able to demonstrate their qualities only in a correctly assembled structure. They are distinguished by high parameters for each indicator, which determines the popularity of their use.
