Planning a wooden house. Wooden house plan: what to take into account? Optimal options for approaching the plan of a wooden house

All photos from the article

This article is about the basics. We will look at several layout options for different sizes structures and find out what features of the material we have chosen should be taken into account when drawing up the project.

So let's get started.

Functional rooms

First, let's create a list of premises that our project will include:

Kitchen - living room. In this case, combining two functions in one room is completely justified even if there is no need to save space: there is a large distance from the stove to dining table will create more problems, what will decide;
Bedrooms (as an option - bedrooms and children's rooms). Two bedrooms is a reasonable minimum, which may include a plan wooden house 10 by 10. In fact, being able to comfortably accommodate guests will be quite convenient;
Bathroom (if there are two floors - bathrooms). Making them combined or separate is a matter of taste; but having a bathroom on each floor is a necessity. Especially with a large family;
Boiler room. It is better to take it to the basement or ground floor. This instruction is related to both fire safety, and with the rational use of the heat generated by the boiler during operation: it will be used to heat the floor of the first floor;

Let us clarify: if the house is supposed to be heated with main gas, the boiler may well be placed in the kitchen, hallway or living room. Dimensions of wall gas boiler with forced draft they do not require a separate room; The equipment will not create any noticeable noise either.

Gym (of course, if you are a fan healthy image life). It is also convenient to take it to the basement or basement. A stable ground temperature of 10 - 14 degrees will allow you to save on air conditioning in the summer and heating in the winter;
Optionally can be added Walk-in closet, laundry, storage room etc.

Layout options

One floor, 10x10 m

Now let's try to arrange the listed functional premises into a coherent and consistent project. Let's start with a relatively compact structure. So, how can a one-story building be planned? wooden house 10x10 meters?

On a relatively small floor there was room for:

two children's rooms;
bedrooms;
kitchen, partially combined with living room;
boiler room;
combined bathroom;
wardrobe;
hall - hallway.

The price of such an abundance of functional rooms is their relatively small size: children's rooms have an area of less than 10 m2. However, this is more than enough for one child.

One floor and attic, 10x10 m

What kind of room layouts can projects use? wooden houses 10 by 10 with an attic? Here is one possible option.

What are the features of the layout of this house?

It has three bedrooms - one on the first floor and two on the second. Obviously, there will be no problems with accommodating guests;
The living room is built with a second light (two floors high). The decision is also quite ambiguous - simply because there are so many high room it is difficult to heat evenly throughout the entire volume; however, it is undeniable that the second light gives an incomparable feeling of spaciousness;
Like other projects of wooden houses of 120-200 sq. m., this one includes two combined bathrooms - one per floor;
The kitchen is combined with the dining room, but the living room is separated from them by a partition. Dinner Zone and the seating area are clearly separated;
On both the first and second floors the staircase opens into a spacious hall. The doors of all rooms open into it.

One floor, 12x12 m

Many projects of wooden houses 12x12 meters or more include only one floor. With an area of 140 square meters, its dimensions allow you to comfortably accommodate a family of 4 - 5 people. Here is an example of the layout of a one-story residential building.

Main problem one-story house of a large area - the fact is that the builder will be faced with a difficult choice: to provide all the premises with windows and, willy-nilly, unjustifiably increase their area or deprive part of the premises of natural light.

Here the creator of the project took the second path, but with a couple of amendments that improved the situation with light:

The painting of the long and narrow corridor uses phosphor - luminous paint;

In addition: one end of the corridor is equipped with a wall-high window.

The dining room has a skylight and is enclosed by a sliding glass wall opening onto a heated veranda.

Additionally worth noting:

The presence of two children's rooms, which will not be superfluous with children of different sexes;
Two bathrooms - combined and separate. Quite an interesting compromise, offering hosts and guests the choice of a more comfortable room to suit their taste;
A separate room with its own entrance is reserved for storing bicycles. This is convenient because dirt from the wheels will not get home;
The dressing room adjacent to the office has a large enough area to make changing clothes in it comfortable even for a person of considerable size.

Subtleties of wood construction

When building a house from timber or rounded logs with your own hands, you should take into account some features of the building material.

Shrinkage

It takes from 6 to 18 months after the construction of the log house. The vertical shrinkage value depends on the type of lumber you choose:

What does shrinkage affect:

To the height of the ceilings. When designing premises, it is worth considering that the ceilings will drop by 15 - 30 centimeters;
To the height of the openings. And their height will also become smaller, and significantly;
On the design of door and window openings. The openings are equipped with a casing - a box that allows the crowns to move relative to vertical bars along the grooves in them. In this case, the top of the opening is left free and filled with elastic insulation.

Note: the casing not only allows the crowns to shrink vertically. It also protects the walls from deformation and “bulging.”

Biological protection

Wood is a tasty food for many types of fungus, mold, and wood-boring insects.

To protect your home from biological threats, comprehensive measures are required:

The lower crowns are traditionally made from the most rot-resistant types of wood - oak or larch;
The entire log house is impregnated with an antiseptic;

The outer side of the walls is additionally protected with vapor-permeable impregnations that prevent them from getting wet.

Fire safety

To protect your home from fire, you should:

Position the ovens and heating devices no closer than 50 cm from unscreened wooden walls;
Where this is not possible, construct screens from brick or galvanized iron with asbestos lining;
Lay wiring only in steel pipes or metal sleeves;

Calculate the wiring cross-section based on the norm of 8 amperes per 1 mm2 of copper conductor.

Conclusion

We hope that the proposed layout options will seem interesting to the reader. Additional information, as always, can be found in the video in this article.

We will be happy to discuss your comments and additions in the comments. Good luck!

My home is my castle. And something made with your own hands, like in the photo of a wooden house, will also warm your soul and leave no doubt about its reliability and environmental friendliness.

For many centuries, people have built and continue to do so using wood as a building material.

After all, wooden houses are warm and comfortable in winter period, and quite fresh in the summer heat.

Characteristic features of building a wooden house

We will tell you in more detail in our article how to build a wooden house for a simple man in the street with his own hands. Let's start with the main points of construction:

Preparation of new project documentation

This contributes to the presentation finished look construction, thoughtful selection of building materials, prioritization, and preparation of the necessary papers. At this stage, you can think about and decide on many nuances in terms of organizing work, solving financial issues and design episodes.

Laying the foundation

The main and most important point building a house, since it accounts for a third of the consumption of materials, takes a lot of effort and time. But if everything is done correctly, then you are guaranteed long term operation of your home.

The site for building a house should be selected based on the geological properties of the soil. Basically, a columnar or screw foundation is used to build a wooden house.

Columnar is the most in demand, as it is durable, not too expensive and quickly erected. Its structure consists of reinforced concrete blocks, stone and brick. The foundation is laid depending on the type of soil and groundwater level.

This option not only saves Construction Materials, but also financial resources, since its installation is not difficult to do yourself.

Screw involves increased labor costs, without which you cannot cope on your own. This option is suitable for mountainous and forested regions because it requires the installation of piles and their screwing 2.5 m deep into the ground.

After which the entire structure needs to be filled concrete mixture, weld the head and install the top of the foundation.

Determining the type of building

The most popular are considered frame houses made of wood. They are the most inexpensive, starting from $190 per square meter, but excluding communications. Housing made from treated logs O round shape will cost you $270 per sq. meter, and from lamellas glued into packages $460 and above.

The most suitable logs for building a house are 7 m in length and 25 cm in diameter. For average country house A diameter size of 17 cm is suitable.

Walling

Once the foundation has stabilized and settled, preparatory work finished, you can start building the walls. For this, you can use round logs, laminated veneer lumber or planed beams, cleared of knots, bark and gouges.

They look great and are quite durable thanks to the processing. The tree is harmless to health, although it requires impregnation before installation special solution from damage.

Roof structure

To erect a roof, it is necessary to construct rafters, thermal insulation and waterproofing materials, roofing material.

Note!

The shape of the roof must be chosen correctly so that it protects from the effects of weather conditions and successfully combines with the appearance of the entire house as a whole.

Today, the choice of materials for roofing is quite wide: ondulin, slate, metal tiles, corrugated sheets. As they say, for every taste.

Windows and doors in a wooden house

It is worth considering in advance the principle of their operation, appearance and other parts, and only after that build openings for them. Don't forget about installing a porch or veranda for a wooden house.

Floor and ceiling in a wooden house

The floor must be strong, have a long service life and an attractive appearance. Before screeding and finishing the floor, you need to lay waterproofing.

To cover the floor, linoleum, tiles, laminated coating, carpet or natural wood. Wooden ceiling should look aesthetically pleasing, it is better to hide electrical communications inside.

Home decoration

A wooden house does not need additional decorative elements, with the exception of houses made of simple logs, which for a long time will shrink. Such houses can be improved with modern materials.

Note!

Installation of sewer and water supply systems

If there are existing water supply networks near your home, you can legally connect to it and enjoy all the benefits. If not, you will need to organize an autonomous plumbing system, which will be expensive.

The same applies to the installation of sewerage and drainage systems, but this must be done so as not to damage the foundation and floor.

Heating system design

Work on heating the house is carried out upon completion of construction.

You can afford a heated floor, use a gas or electric boiler, stove, etc. When building, be sure to insulate a wooden house with special heat-insulating materials.

Electricity device

The location of wiring, components, sockets and lighting fixtures is thought out in detail and calculated in the house design, according to which the work is carried out.

Note!

The main working aspects have been completed, but construction is not yet completed.

Home construction on our own The task is quite feasible, but also responsible. To ensure that the final result pleases the owners for the rest of their lives, it is worth considering some advice from experienced people.

How to make the construction of a wooden house easier and less burdensome for yourself and your helpers?

Calculate all the preparations and details of the future construction. Then install the strapping crown in the corners, followed by a half-wood connection and secure with dowels.
Install the beam and fasten it to the floor with a crown. Place beams at the end with a gap of 0.7 m, a sealant and again beams. Make the floor from boards 40 mm thick, and finish it with a tongue and groove board 35 mm thick. Use felt, linen, tow or moss as thermal insulation.
Make a drainage system: cut the outside of the upper edge of the beam by 15 mm.
When building a house with several floors, the second is built at a height of 2.5-3 m, then the attic or attic. They generally prefer paneled doors, and wooden or metal-plastic windows.
For the construction of a roof, a board of the following dimensions is suitable: 10x4 cm for racks and braces, 15x4 cm in increments of 1 m for the construction of rafters, unedged for sheathing 25 mm every 0.4 m.

Types of home ventilation

Wood, being a natural living material, can itself saturate the house with oxygen. But for some rooms (kitchen, bathroom, basement) this is not enough. Therefore, an additional source of ventilation is needed.

Air ducts installed on the roof are used for natural air exchange. For forced circulation air, you can install special devices with sound insulation, which will solve the issue with high level noise.

The ventilation pipe for air supply is installed almost near the floor, and for exhaust - almost under the ceiling.

At the entrances to the pipe, gratings are installed to protect against rodents, or mesh to protect from dust and dirt. These holes are closed for the winter.

Decor of the building

If you want to decorate the look of your home with color, you can use special paints that take into account the humidity, type of wood and its condition.

When painting the floor in the hallway, do it in several layers, as it is susceptible to large mechanical impact. Be sure to take this nuance into account when painting the floors in other rooms.

The most suitable means for painting wooden planks is Oil paint, it is durable and harmless, but takes a long time to dry. Acrylic and varnish are also widely used.

Cracks in the floor should be filled with putty before painting using rec wedges. Smooth out uneven surfaces with a plane, prime the surface, dry and paint.

That, perhaps, is all the delights of building a wooden house with your own hands. As you can see, it’s not difficult, you just have to want it, show your imagination, put in the effort, patience and finances, and study some video master classes. Go for it and you will succeed!

Photo of a wooden house with your own hands

Based on many years of experience in the design and construction of low-rise individual residential buildings It is possible to formulate the basic principles of planning an optimal home.

The house begins with a porch. Of course, you can opt for regular door and don’t do anything special in your cottage. But almost any house layout implies that the entrance will be decorated in some special way. Therefore, the porch is more of a necessity. Of course, you need to make a canopy over it. Then you can, for example, on a rainy summer day, put a chair there and breathe fresh air without the risk of getting wet and getting sick. Moreover, a convenient driveway should lead to the porch, and so that the car can stand sideways, with the door facing the entrance. Then, even in the most severe weather, you will be able to get into your personal transport directly from home.

The entrance group consists of a vestibule and an entrance hall with a dressing room. Right outside the door begins what's in village houses They are usually called canopies. For more modern language this room can be designated as a transition compartment (vestibule). It was created so that the door from the street does not open directly into the house, so as not to let in cold in winter and heat in summer. This is a kind of buffer. Good layout home necessarily presupposes its presence. Among other things, this room can be given some functionality, for example, by making it a place to store sports equipment such as sleds, skis or bicycles. The main thing is not to go too far and prevent “cluttering”. Following the vestibule is the hallway. Everything is standard here - hangers, cabinets, mirrors.

There are two residential levels: the first floor and the second attic (maybe a basement).

Staircase Most often, from the hallway there is a staircase to the upper floors of the house, where the living rooms of family members and rooms with similar functions are located.

The cottage involves a rational layout and the allocation of personal and family areas. Optimal according to sanitary standards comfortable conditions are provided if there is at least 30 square meters per person. m, but taking into account the psychological component, a person needs 40–50 sq. meters.

Floor zoning of premises. Quantity living rooms determined by the formula: n+1, where n is the number of residents, and 1 is the common room.

The first floor is a family daytime area. This is where the maximum number of functional rooms is located. It is necessary to provide a place for receiving guests (living room), a spacious kitchen and an adjacent dining room, a guest room (guest bedroom), possibly winter Garden, as well as a comfortable bathroom. The entrance to the living room and dining room is best done directly from the hallway. But separate the kitchen from the hallway so that the whole house does not become saturated with odors. If you have space, it is better to separate the rooms in which you cook and in which you eat. In principle, the dining room, with limited space, combines very well with the living room. Then you can put both a piano and a TV there. Although, if there is such a possibility, then it is better to separate them in space too. Minimum passage areas and corridors.

The second floor is a relaxation and silence area, where there are several bedrooms, another bathroom, balconies and exits to the terrace. There should be more bedrooms than family members. Children tend to grow up and no longer want to share a room with a brother or sister as they did when they were children. And you can receive guests with great pleasure if they have a place to sleep.

Auxiliary premises What other premises do we have? Offices and a library, which are not uncommon in big houses. These rooms require peace in order to be able to concentrate. Therefore, you can place them on the ground floor only if you are sure of absolute peace. If not, then the office can be made adjacent to your bedroom, so that you can move from one room to another at any time, and the library can be placed on the second floor, as if in the middle, between the rooms of parents and children, or between the family rooms and guest bedrooms. The library will then be a kind of dividing border where two worlds will meet. If you want in your country house If you want to make a gym, then it would be better to place it on the first floor according to the layout. Where you can make some noise without fear of disturbing anyone. If your house is large enough and the layout allows you to make something like a balcony or terrace on the second floor, then this will be simply wonderful. Then in the morning you can go out into the air without leaving the room and say hello to the world. On such a balcony you can sit, read, do gymnastics, you never know!

The ground floor can also be used - as a utility area (workshop, laundry) or entertainment area (billiard room, sauna, etc.). The boiler room is located separately from the house or in ground floor, and if it is not there, then on the first one, and has its own access to the site. The garage should be located as far away from residential premises as possible. From the garage there should be an exit to the site and an entrance to the boiler room or hallway of the house.

The plan of a wooden house and the area where it will be located are intertwined, like the fingers of a hand in a “castle”. Before you start thinking about the design of your future home, you need to thoroughly research your site. This is not so relevant for construction in the so-called private sectors, where houses are literally stacked on top of each other. But if you have chosen a picturesque piece wildlife somewhere outside the city, you can’t do without a detailed analysis of the site Not a bad option- go on a picnic, taking with you a camera, wooden pegs and a tape measure. Mark your area and look around. The view will probably be the main factor in the placement of the house, think about each room and what you want to see from the window. Will the living room window overlook the lake? Is it better to place the bedroom with a view of the forest or the field? Determine where west and east are. This is important if you want to wake up to the rays of the morning sun and enjoy the sunset on the veranda in the evening. And don't forget about the guests, they are unlikely to like the view of the neighbor's garage from their bedroom window.

Your imagination is an indispensable tool when planning future wooden house, but don't forget about pencil and paper. You don't need to be an artist to sketch out on paper how the rooms will be laid out. After this, imagine yourself walking around the house. Are the kitchen and dining areas close enough? Is the laundry area convenient? Is the bedroom away from possible noise sources? Think about the flow of traffic in your home. Each wooden house has its own trajectories of movement. Narrow corridor, leading to the bedroom, or your plan calls for a circular flow, making the living space more interesting.

Design a wooden house according to your activities and types of recreation. If you're back from a ski run, is there a place to sit quietly and take off your skis? Or where will the shower be located to wash off the sand when returning from the beach?

Some architects advise using one of computer programs(for example arhicad), with which you can create a model of a house according to your plan and walk through the rooms.

When designing a wooden house, do not forget about the future. If you're dreaming of adding to your family, you'll need more space. The basement and attic can be organized in such a way that, if necessary, they can be easily converted into rooms in the future. Take care of the required angle of the roof over the unfinished attic, supply water and sewerage to the basement - this will add to the cost building a house, but it will save more money, when you convert the premises prepared in this way into rooms (this will cost less than an extension).

And remember the sales opportunity: don't be overly eccentric. You might love to take hot bath in the living room by the fireplace, but will potential buyers like it?

The layout of the house must be developed in accordance with the requirements and wishes of all family members.

The functionality of your future home largely depends on how carefully you approach the choice of project. A properly selected layout of a wooden house will minimize unnecessary costs during the construction and subsequent operation of the home. Properly located structures will minimize certain costs that accompany the maintenance of any home.

An example of the layout of a one-story wooden house with a sauna

Before starting construction, you should carefully consider all issues relating to the location of not only residential buildings, but also nearby engineering communications. For example, the bathroom and kitchen should be as close to each other as possible, since the sewerage and water supply systems should be located compactly.

If you are in construction multi-storey building, then it is recommended to place bathrooms and bathrooms on top of each other. The convenience of this type of system lies in the possibility of using the same water riser.

Comfort in living is largely determined by the availability of free space, so each family member should have a place to relax. Ideally, it should include rooms designated specifically for guests: bedrooms, libraries or offices.

The layout of common areas (lounge, living room, kitchen) is developed in accordance with the needs of the owners. To divide one large room into several zones, various pieces of furniture, a fireplace, etc. are used.

Today, they are very common, the top floor of which is arranged in the form. The first floor, in most cases, is occupied by common areas, and on the second floor there is a bedroom, office, etc.

House layout step by step

First of all, any home begins with a porch. Naturally, if you wish, you can choose a simple one front door, but almost any plan for a one-story or two-story wooden house implies some special way. Therefore, it is more of a necessity than a whim. A convenient driveway should approach the porch, located in such a way that the car can be parked sideways, with the door facing the entrance.

An example of the layout of the porch of a wooden house

The entrance group, as a rule, includes a vestibule consisting of a dressing room and an entrance hall. The vestibule is necessary to ensure that the door from the street does not open directly into the living space, to prevent cold or hot outside air from entering. good interior layout wooden house necessarily implies its presence.

In addition, the vestibule can act as a place to store various things. Behind the vestibule there is a hallway containing mirrors, cabinets and hangers. From the hallway leads where the living and utility rooms are located.

The first floor is an area for daytime stay of family members, where there is a maximum of functional premises. There should be a living room, kitchen and adjacent dining room, guest bedroom, bathroom and, if desired,. The entrance to the dining room and living room should ideally lead directly from the hallway. If the area allows, then it is better to separate the kitchen and dining room, connecting the latter to the living room. Corridors and passage areas should be made as small as possible.

An example of the layout of the first floor of a wooden house

The layout of a two-story wooden house implies top floor arrangement of a recreation area, where there are several bedrooms, a bathroom, balconies and access to the terrace.