A frame garage is an excellent solution for those car owners who want to protect the “iron horse” from the negative effects of precipitation, animals and car thieves. All these factors are too dangerous for a car if it is parked next to a house in the open air.
How to build such a structure with your own hands, without spending a lot of money and getting maximum quality, is described in this article.
The practice of recent years demonstrates the wide interest of people in the construction of frame structures for various purposes. It is especially common to build frame garages on your own, which allows you to provide your car with reliable shelter from negative factors in the external environment in a short time.
But why, after all, does the construction of frame garages attract domestic consumers?
Projects for such buildings are easy to draw up, and you can build a garage with your own hands without unnecessary difficulties.
Let us next consider the main advantages of frame-panel garages:
- practicality, durability due to the presence of a reliable base and high-quality fastenings of frame elements;
- simple installation, the ability to carry out the work on your own without spending money to pay for the work of a construction team;
- efficiency of installation work;
- accessibility in material terms;
- light weight of building materials, which allows installation operations to be performed without the use of specialized equipment construction equipment;
- high thermal insulation qualities provided that the walls are properly thermally and waterproofed.
The main stages of work on the construction of a frame garage
The procedure for completing the work of building a frame garage with your own hands is very similar to the step-by-step instructions for building a small house.
The main stages of construction are as follows:
- Preparation construction site includes choosing a site for construction and clearing it of debris;
- organization of a pit, creation of a foundation;
- performing markings, installing the building frame, tying the frame;
- erection of the roof on pre-prepared frame posts;
- floor arrangement;
- insulation work inside the building;
- covering walls with finishing materials;
- installation garage doors onto the sheathed frame of the garage.
Let us consider each of the mentioned processes in more detail so that the reader can cope with their implementation on his own without much difficulty.
Construction site preparation
Preparatory work before the construction of a frame garage is extremely important, because the final result of the work largely depends on the quality of its implementation. We begin work by selecting a site for construction, clearing it, creating a drawing of the future structure with a selected description of all its details and features of the site itself.
The better the area is cleared of existing outbuildings, dilapidated buildings, garbage, dry branches, grass, etc., the more strong and durable the foundation for the future motorhome will be created. And without a good foundation, a frame for a garage is unlikely to be truly reliable.
Important! After cleaning work, it is important to thoroughly level the area and apply markings along the entire perimeter. Leave 0.5 m on each side of the future building cleared, given area will be required to create revenge.
In the marked area, you need to remove the top fertile layer of soil 15-20 cm thick. The use of special equipment will significantly speed up the process of completing the work, but to save money, this operation can be performed using a bayonet and shovel.
The first will allow you to easily mark the border, the depth of the soil layer, and trim it, the second will allow you to remove excess soil. Among the tools in the process of preparing a site, you may also need a rule, a plumb line, a broom, a dustpan, a wheelbarrow, or a roller.
Foundation for a frame structure
When building frame garages, it is extremely important to pay sufficient attention to organizing the foundation for the building. After all, this is the key to high practicality, durability, and resistance to external influences of the future motorhome.
After completing the markings, you will need to decide on the current type of foundation for the frame motorhome. Experts say that in in this case Absolutely any foundation will do, since the structure itself will not have excessive weight.
If the soil on the site is dense, it will easily support the weight of the structure itself, as well as the car in it. For such a case, you can organize a pile, columnar, slab, or strip foundation. If the soil is sandy and may shrink over time, it is better to prefer a strip or slab option.
In any case, the corner points for the walls of the future foundation, regardless of its type, are outlined in the same way.
Work on marking the boundaries of the base should be done as follows:
- We mark one of the corner points, taking into account the location of other objects on the site.
- We install marking cast-offs at the designated point.
Devices of this kind are ordinary stakes connected to each other by a crossbar board. - We tie the ropes to the cast-offs.
When constructing a strip base, you will need two pieces of rope on each side, the distance between them will be equal to the width of the planned strip. - We stretch the rope on both sides of the future base over the entire length of the wall surface, and fasten it to the cast-offs on the opposite side.
- Similarly, we determine the approximate location of the last corner and connect it with two adjacent corners using a rope.
- It is important to ensure that the corners are straight.
The cast-off crossbar allows you to move the point of fixation of the rope on it within small limits. To make sure that the angles of the structure are correct, you can measure the length of both diagonals and compare them with each other. A square's diagonals are equal in length.
Note! To achieve exact perpendicularity of the sides, it is worth applying the rule of the “Egyptian triangle”: the sides must be multiples of 3, 4 and 5 in length. They always create a right angle. You can lay out such a triangle using long, even slats, reinforcing rods, and strong rope.
If you plan to arrange columnar foundation, you will need to additionally mark the internal area. This will allow you to accurately determine the location of the supports. It’s not worth saying that this is an ideal option for a motorhome.
After all, only a powerful boardwalk can support the weight of a car, and its creation requires additional costs. You will also need to arrange an entrance to the premises - an entrance ramp.
It is better to prefer the option of a strip base if you plan to equip an inspection hole in a motorhome for carrying out repair work. Of course, it is worth considering that making a strip base will be somewhat more difficult, and it will take more time. But the final result of the work will be convenient, durable, and practical.
The slab foundation is often called the most difficult to implement, since its creation requires the creation of a system of compacted layers of different materials before pouring the slab.
But if you make it shallow, you can get an ideal option for a frame motorhome. Set up the slab base as follows:
- on the site along the perimeter of the future building, they dig a trench 40-50 cm deep;
- further, formwork is installed on three sides;
- reinforcement of the base is carried out using a special mesh or metal rods;
- the reinforcement is filled with a concrete solution based on sand or based on sand and crushed stone;
- The concrete is left for 5 days until completely dry.
Garage frame
We continue to talk in detail about how to properly build a frame garage without large investments with your own hands. After laying the foundation, you will need to make the skeleton of the building, for which you can use a wooden beam, metal profile, etc.
The permissible load of the frame will largely depend on the chosen option. Technology of construction of wooden and metal structures will be different, which is important to understand before starting work.
The construction of a frame motorhome is carried out strictly taking into account the detailed information indicated in the drawings. The work plan should also not be put aside.
Construction operations plan:
- frame construction of a garage begins with the installation of the lower framing of the frame;
- then they assemble and raise the walls;
- secure the top trim;
- they cover the walls from the inside and/or outside, which will give the frame structure strength;
- install the roof frame structure.
Note! The construction will be of high quality if the frame structure is installed in accordance with a pre-drawn drawing, where all dimensions are indicated. Place parts of the same size next to each other and label them, which will significantly speed up the assembly process.
Frame garage floors
To create a garage by frame technology It will take a little time if you read this article to the end and follow the recommendations in it. The lining of the garage walls begins only after the waterproofing “cut-off” has been completed.
Frame assembly diagram.
To do this, the base is covered with a layer of roofing felt or other waterproofing material, which will protect the wooden or metal frame elements from direct impact moisture, and therefore rotting, corrosion, mold.
Then, you will need to fasten a wooden beam over the base for a wooden structure with parameters 12x12, 12x15 or 15x15 cm. When installing a metal frame, you will need a steel channel, a profile with a square section of 10x10 cm. Fasten wooden elements strapping by different connections(more often than others - half a tree).
And to fix them on top of the foundation, you will need anchor screws or studs, pre-embedded into the surface of the base. Metal parts are connected at the corners using a welding machine. If the base is built columnar, and you want to make a wooden floor on top of it, then inside the frame the frames are arranged on the edge of log boards.
The wall frame can be assembled in two ways.
Next, they move on to installing the garage roof trim on their own. For this you will need to build a rafter system from boards 100x25 and 100x50. It is better to assemble the structure on the ground, and then mount it on the motorhome, fastening it to the base of the walls.
Garage floor
Rack assembly drawing.
Any projects for constructing frame garages on your own must describe the chosen method of arranging the floor. We'll tell you how to create a wooden floor from non-grooved boards. Installation begins after the walls are completely covered, so that possible precipitation does not spoil the material.
Experts advise leaving a small gap (3-5 mm) between the flooring boards, which will allow the floor not to deform when the air temperature changes. Fix each board on the joists using nails.
If a slab base has been previously created, the floor is almost ready. But the concrete surface should be immediately treated with a special primer. deep penetration. She will provide upper layers concrete, reliable bonding, additional hydrophobic characteristics.
The floor can be painted or tiled with ceramic tiles. If the foundation is strip, then you will need to first create a concrete screed, only then install the floor boards and finishing sheathing.
Insulation of a frame garage
We continue to talk about building frame garages on our own. The structure must be additionally insulated in order to create optimal temperature conditions for humans inside it. Thermal insulation can be installed into the frame from the outside or from the inside, it all depends on which side the primary wall cladding was made from.
Insulation (mineral wool, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam) is placed between two layers of cladding. Foam plastic is used most often than others, as it has a low price and excellent performance parameters. Sheathing walls with foam plastic is not at all difficult; all you need is a sharp construction or stationery knife.
The thickness of the slab must be selected precisely according to the size of the frame racks in order to achieve maximum efficiency thermal insulation measures. The entire space between the sheathing sheets must be filled with thermal insulation without gaps.
No less relevant for insulation works in the garage building, mineral wool, which is external and internal lining walls
Important! It is necessary to work with mineral wool only in protective gloves, glasses, and a hat! The fibers of the material may damage skin, mucous
Garage exterior cladding
Cutting in frame elements.
Before cladding the walls of the garage structure, you need to organize a sheathing of 30x30 or 40x40 mm beams. Next, the cladding is attached to the sheathing.
External wall cladding is made of different materials:
- Siding:
metal, vinyl. Capable of imitating the external aesthetics of other materials, characterized by a wide color scheme, easy installation - Sheet corrugated sheets.
It is not difficult to attach such material to walls; it is affordable and durable; - Lining.
Cheap material that has average performance parameters, but is quite suitable for a motorhome. Installing lining on walls is not difficult.
Garage doors
Installing a gate is practically the last stage of construction work, but the comfort of using a motorhome depends on the quality of its implementation.
Which type of gate to prefer will be determined by the car owner himself. But you should make a choice taking into account your own experience in such matters. If you have one, you can take on complex options such as sectional, roller shutter, lift-and-turn or swing options.
If experience is minimal, prefer swing double-leaf models. They can be purchased at finished form or make it yourself.
To create a frame frame, use a profile pipe or timber. The frame is sheathed with metal sheets or corrugated sheets. Beforehand, clearly take measurements from the doorway so that the gate fits it.
In addition to covering the frame of the future gate, you need to have four hinges for two leaves, as well as two more for a small door in one of the leaves of the structure. A reliable lock, which completely fits behind the front door, only a tiny key hole remains.
Examples of building a frame garage step by step
We will describe methods for building an insulated garage and an option without insulation.
Insulated garage with gable roof
Assembling the frame timber.
Do you want to build a second frame garage for 2 cars with your own hands? There is nothing easier if you read this article to the end. A gable roof is characterized by uniform heating, high thermal insulation parameters, and is well ventilated, which is why the popularity of such structures is high.
And additional insulation of the garage structure will create an optimal microclimate for humans inside it.
We will briefly describe the current work during the construction and insulation of a pox garage with a gable roof. The drawings have been created, we are moving on to the phased implementation of the work.
The first stage is preparatory:
- clearing the site of debris and topsoil;
- marking is carried out, right angles of the perimeter and blind area are determined.
The second stage is installation of the base:
- planning the marking of the location of foundation pillars along the perimeter of the building inside a fenced area of soil;
- installation of two supports with equal spacing on each long side, one on the short back and one in the center;
- installation of an additional post in place of the vertical posts of the future gate opening;
- installation of slats on top of the box so as to leave a square hole in the center of the building for a cement-asbestos pipe;
- backfilling of crushed stone into the finished foundation pit, its compaction, installation wooden box formwork on top of a layer of crushed stone;
- filling the formwork with a solution of concrete, sand and cement (proportions 3:1), leveling the surface with a rule, trowel, spatula;
- installation of a pipe with a diameter of 150 mm in the central part of the box;
- filling the space around the pipe with crushed stone after the concrete has set, compacting the crushed stone;
- filling the pipe with concrete mortar, installing long metal embedded elements with two pre-arranged holes in height;
- waiting until the concrete hardens.
The third stage is assembling the frame:
- waterproofing the base;
- assembly of a frame from metal structures - metal frame, from wooden bars, from combinations of metal and wood - wood-metal.
Type of connection of frame elements.
The fourth stage - roofing work:
- arrangement of the roof frame;
- installation of lower and upper trim made of timber;
- arrangement of a water drainage system;
- covering the roof with roofing (it is excellent to choose materials that are characterized by modularity: modular panels, siding, etc.);
- installation of gutters, under roof overhangs, in holders;
- Insulation work will allow you to build a warm garage.
The fifth stage is the final one:
- internal wall cladding in a built garage: we use decorative slabs, wooden boards, rolled metal sheets;
- external wall decoration using siding, decorative panels with your own hands.
Wooden frame garage without insulation with a pitched roof
Garage 6 by 6 frame plan with pitched roof made of wood can be left without insulation, which will save significant material resources.
A wooden frame garage is ideal for temporary storage of cars.
Assembling the roof of a frame garage.
It is built similarly to the previous design, but with some features:
- Preparatory work: marking the site, clearing it of soil, choosing the location of the posts.
- Organization of the pit, installation of supports for the foundation, laying timber on the foundation pillars for the bottom frame of the structure, installation of the board on the foundation pillars on the edge, front corner vertical posts made of timber, two more blocks according to the markings.
- Forming the base of the frame. The rear wall consists of four posts spaced at equal intervals but of different heights to create a slope pitched roof, fixing vertical bars on the harness using powerful metal corners.
- The top trim has its own peculiarities: you need to tie the front and rear posts separately with a horizontal beam to form a base for mounting the rafter legs. Next, the location of the rafters is marked, their installation is carried out, floors are created from boards, vertical posts are mounted in the middle of the sides of the building and connected by a crossbar to which the rafters are attached. Next, the side posts are connected in the middle part with boards, and sheathing boards are installed across the rafters. And only then the roof is sheathed.
- After covering the roof, they move on to finishing the walls of the garage, for which it is worth using wooden beams or wooden lining.
Bottom line
Build a frame garage plan with your own hands from osb boards It’s not difficult, it requires a minimum of time, standard construction tools, and a small amount of money. Additionally, it is worth spending money on thermal insulation with insulation; insulating the frame will make the building more comfortable even in winter.
A garage made of wood in many regions of our country is the most the best option construction, thanks to the affordable cost of materials, ease of installation and beautiful appearance finished design. In this article we will tell you how to do wooden garage with your own hands, what materials to build it from, and also show diagrams, photos and video instructions.
Selection of construction technology
The main thing is to choose the optimal construction technology and complete all stages in strict accordance with the chosen type of construction.
The most common two technologies for constructing garages made of wood: using frame technology and using rounded logs.
It is necessary to give preference to the construction of a box for a car using log technology if the main building, house or cottage, is built from similar material. A frame structure will cost less, it is easier to select materials for it, and the construction time will be significantly reduced. In addition, the garage wooden frame the outside can be finished with any suitable style country house facade materials immediately after the construction of the building or after some period of time.
Preparatory work
Maximum speed and ease of work are the main advantages of frame technology. But, despite its simplicity, building a frame garage requires preliminary preparation, development of a project with which it will be possible to calculate required quantity materials and components. The project is calculated independently, with the involvement of experienced specialists, or downloaded from specialized Internet resources. The dimensions of the building should take into account the number of cars, the presence of an open shed for summer storage of cars and attic floor, which many car enthusiasts install above the garage.
On preparatory stage The location of the future garage and the type of building are established: detached, attached to the main building, type of gate opening and combination with the general entrance area to the site. The selected site is thoroughly cleaned, leveled and, if necessary, compacted.
Foundation work
High quality and reliable foundation is the basis of any structure. The choice of technology for constructing a foundation depends on many different factors: the design of the structure, the characteristics of the soil, the financial capabilities of the owner, etc.
Basically, for the construction of a garage, the base is a concrete slab poured using monolithic technology.
The concrete slab will serve as a subfloor, which can then be lined with any finishing materials. Being a type of “floating” foundation, a concrete slab absorbs uniformly high loads, helping to avoid deformation of the structure during its operation.
To construct a monolithic foundation, a shallow trench is dug around the perimeter of the planned building and formwork is installed. First, make a cushion of sand and gravel and compact it. Then the base is reinforced with two meshes of metal rods, preparing the site, and it is filled with concrete. After this, the foundation must be allowed to stand for about 3 weeks.
Assembling a frame from boards and timber
The bottom trim is made of a 100x50 mm wooden board, pre-treated with an antiseptic. For racks in the corners of the garage and in the gate leaves, 100x100 mm timber is used, for other parts of the building - rafters and floor blocks - 100x50 mm. In the lower trim between the posts, a pitch of no more than 1200 mm is maintained.
To give the frame greater strength, struts should be installed in the corners of the building.
If the garage is planned to be more than 4 m wide, ceiling beams It’s better to make it from a more durable and reliable board 50x100 mm. The longitudinal elements are made of timber no less than 50x50 mm.
Roof and walls
To equip the roof, a 100x25 mm board is used, which is sheathed with a pre-selected roofing material. Metal tiles or slate can be attached directly to a wooden sheathing, not forgetting to equip a hydro- and vapor barrier system to organize a comfortable microclimate in the garage.
A drain must be installed on the outside of the roofing system, which can be made independently from plastic pipe, cut in two.
For cladding the outside of the building, you can use a special facade lining or a solid wooden board, pre-treated with impregnation to protect it from moisture. The inside of the garage is insulated with mineral wool, always laid with a layer of vapor barrier and covered with clapboard.
Wooden garage 6x4
We invite you to familiarize yourself with the principle of constructing a garage, the size of which is 6x4 m with a ceiling height of 3 m. It will have a gate of 2.8x2.5 m in size, the foundation is made of reinforced concrete slabs, and the frame is made of wooden beams 100x100 mm. As for the exterior finishing, it will be made of corrugated board or other similar material.
The first thing you need to do is clean the construction site. On the spot future design remove soil up to 10 cm deep. The bottom of the pit is filled with sand, leveled and compacted.
Lay formwork boards 1.5×0.5 cm around the perimeter and 15 cm in height. The base is reinforced with Ø 12 mm wire. The cells must be made 20x20 cm. The resulting mesh should be in the middle of the formwork. After this, concrete is poured. Although it may seem that such a foundation is unreliable, it is important not to forget that the weight of the frame structure of a 6x4 m garage is relatively small.
The principle of frame construction has already been described in this article. The difference here is that it is important to respect the dimensions of the garage. So, a frame is erected from beams 3 m long. Assembly begins with the lower crown. You attach the corner drains to it and the upper crown is already on them.
In order for the racks to have a reliable fixation, they should be temporarily fixed using slats or boards.
The resulting structure will be quite strong. If necessary, the frame is reinforced with jumpers for greater rigidity. As for the opening, a beam is laid horizontally on top of the racks. It must also be securely fastened.
In our case we will build gable roof garage. The ridge beam will be attached to two supports, the cross-section of which is 10x10 cm. These supports will rest on the gables. For the manufacture of rafters and ridge, a 40x100 mm board is used.
The rafters are installed close to each other. This will allow the roof to remain stable under strong wind loads. They are pulled together with puffs. This technology will relieve the load on the horse. The boards themselves should be secured not to the crossbar with an overlap, but under the ridge on top of the tightening. Finally, the structure is sheathed with USB or plywood.
The floor in the garage can be made according to different technologies. For example, you can make it wooden, concrete, or use self-leveling floor technology. The walls can be treated with construction paper, and hardboard is attached on top of it. But others can also be used finishing materials. As mentioned at the beginning of this description, we propose to install corrugated sheeting on the façade outside. To do this, you need to make a small sheathing of 40x40 mm timber. The ceiling can be hemmed with wooden boards.
To prevent the roof from sagging under the weight of snow, it is recommended to attach fillets to the rafters from the walls. This will also allow you to make the cornice trim and roof overhang more attractive.
For wall cladding, it is better to use 3 m sheets. Thus, the structure will be airtight without unnecessary joints. Finally, all that remains is to make a metal gate.
Following this simple technology, you can make a garage out of wood measuring 6x4 m.
Video
The process of building a frame garage in video format:
Photo
In the provided photo gallery, you can see various options construction of a wooden garage:
Schemes and drawings
If you decide to build a wooden garage yourself, then first study the diagrams and drawings:
A garage is a structure necessary for every motorist, which ensures safety vehicle and protects the car from negative influences environment. Many owners postpone the construction of such a facility, assuming that its construction is too complex and expensive. However, today you can build a garage with minimal time and financial costs if you build a frame structure. In the article we will learn about the main nuances and features frame construction.
Why are frame structures so popular?
IN recent years frame objects has become very popular. When using high-quality building materials and when proper organization works, such a garage will be in no way inferior to an object built of brick, wood or any other traditional materials.
Frame construction technology has gained wide popularity, primarily due to its ease of installation. You can erect a frame building yourself, without turning to professional installers for help, thanks to which you can significantly reduce the budget for the construction of the facility. In addition, such construction takes relatively little time - people experienced in this matter can build an object in just a few days.
The reduction in building construction costs is also due to the availability of modern building materials. And thanks to their low weight, delivery to the construction site can be completed without the involvement of specialized equipment.
The frame for a garage can be constructed from different materials, but most often they use wooden beams and a metal profile.
The construction procedure itself includes several simple steps:
- 1. Preparing the construction site.
- 2. Digging a pit and creating a foundation.
- 3. Marking and assembling the wall frame.
- 4. Roof installation.
- 5. Insulation and wall covering.
- 6. Installation of garage doors.
To learn how to build frame objects with your own hands, you need to understand each of the described stages separately.
Start of installation work - preparation of the construction site and installation of the foundation
Preparatory work is considered the most important in any construction. The levelness of the foundation and the reliability of the entire new building will depend on the quality of preparation of the site for the construction of the facility. After choosing a suitable location on the site, it is necessary to clear the perimeter and carefully level the area.
The building site should be 50–60 cm larger than the perimeter of the object being built on each side. After marking the ground, it is necessary to remove the fertile layer of soil to a depth of 15 to 20 cm. The easiest way is to dig such a hole using special equipment, although with some skill and free time you can get by with a shovel and do everything yourself. The bottom of the dug hole must be compacted manually or using a roller.
Any type of foundation is suitable for the construction of a frame garage, since the building will not be very heavy, and therefore will not create a serious load on the prepared foundation. However, in addition to the construction project itself, when choosing a foundation, you need to take into account the weight of the car that will be parked in the garage. Experts recommend creating a slab or strip foundation for frame objects.
After determining the type of foundation, it is necessary to mark the corner points of the perimeter for the walls. First you need to note one thing corner point, in which the marking cast-off is installed. Cords are tied to the castoff - two on each side when installing a strip foundation, in this case the distance between the cords will determine the width of the planned strip. The cords are stretched along the sides of the future foundation to their entire length, after which they are fixed on opposite castoffs.
It is extremely important to make all corners of the future building straight. Using the crossbar of the installed cast-off, you can move the point of fixation of the cord on it within certain limits. To make sure the corners are square, you can measure the diagonals of the rectangle; they should be the same in length.
A frame garage can be built on a budget column base. Pole foundations are easy to install, can be made yourself, and are perfect for later laying a plank floor, which must be strong and reliable enough to support the weight of the car. A columnar foundation can be made from different materials. Typically, reinforced concrete structures are used to construct such a foundation, concrete blocks, brick or combine several materials at once.
A strip foundation is more difficult to construct and requires much more time, since construction will have to use concrete mortar, which takes a long time to gain strength and harden. The main advantage of a strip base for a frame structure is that it provides ample opportunities to create inspection hole. Garage floor strip foundation can be made of either wood or concrete.
The third most popular type of foundation for the construction of frame structures is a slab foundation. It is considered the most complex and costly in construction, as it requires the creation of a whole system of compacted layers of different materials, on top of which concrete is already poured. The advantage of a slab base is its high strength, reliability and durability.
Design and construction of the building frame
After creating the foundation, you can proceed to the construction of the frame of the future structure. The garage frame can be made from metal profile, wooden beams or both of these materials at the same time. Having decided on the materials to be used, it is imperative to prepare a project. This document will allow you to correctly complete all stages of construction and build a truly high-quality, well-thought-out building.
Sami installation work It is customary to divide it into several stages:
- 1. Installation of the lower trim.
- 2. Assembly vertical structures– walls.
- 3. Installation of the top trim.
- 4. Sheathing of the frame.
- 5. Installation of the roof frame.
First of all, waterproofing material (usually roofing felt) is laid on the finished base. Waterproofing is necessary to protect the wooden and metal elements of the future building from the negative effects of moisture. Ruberoid acts as a quite decent cut-off, thanks to which moisture will not spread from the walls of the foundation and from the soil during heavy rainfall.
At the next stage, a wooden beam of the selected size is laid on the foundation; it can be a beam of 120×120 mm, 150×150 mm or 120×150 mm. If desired, the timber can be replaced with a 50×120 mm board or a steel profile pipe with a square section of 10×10 cm. To secure the timber frame in the corners, dowels or a notch are used. Metal elements strappings are secured at the corners by welding, and wooden frames are secured with anchor screws or studs embedded in the base. When installing the frame on a columnar foundation, inside its frame, logs are laid on the edge, which will be necessary to secure the plank floor.
After this, you can proceed to assembling the wall frame. There are two assembly options:
- 1. At the installation site. That is, frame walls are assembled and fixed vertically at their permanent location. The method is used when installing wooden structures.
- 2. On the ground. The metal frame of the walls is usually assembled horizontally on the ground, after which it is raised and attached to the frame in a vertical position.
As elements of a wooden frame, timber 60×60 mm, board 30×150 or 30×120 mm are used. The metal frame is usually assembled from a 60×60 mm profile pipe. After connecting the individual elements to each other and installing the prepared structure vertically, the top trim is performed, which is necessary to give the frame maximum strength. For piping, a beam or pipe is used, which in size must correspond to the size of the individual frame elements. For example, if the vertical posts are made of boards 120 mm wide, then the top trim can be made from the same board, laying it in two layers, or from 60x120 mm timber.
The erected frame must be immediately sheathed inside or outside with facing materials. Sheets of OSB or plywood, as well as corrugated sheets, are used as such cladding. Internal lining or outside the object will make it more durable and will allow you to proceed to the installation of the roof.
The garage roof can be made with a single or double slope. Gable roofs are more expensive and more difficult to build, but they allow you to create a useful attic space or prepare an under-roof space for storing materials and tools used on the farm. is carried out in several stages. First, the rafter system is made, after which the slopes are sheathed with plywood sheets, on top of which the roof is laid.
Installation of garage floors and installation of insulation materials
After installing the roof and covering the walls on one side, you can begin installing the floor in the garage. If the floor is laid before the roof is installed, the wood cladding may be severely damaged due to sudden precipitation. It is best to use non-tongue boards for cladding so that the trim can expand and contract due to changes in ambient temperature and humidity.
The flooring is made with a small gap between the individual cladding elements. Between the boards you need to leave a free space of at least 3-4 mm so that the finish does not deform during thermal expansion. The cladding is usually laid on logs made of wooden blocks and secured to the base with screws or nails.
There is no need to lay additional cladding on a slab foundation. It will only be enough to treat the surface with a special deep-penetrating strengthening primer, which can strengthen and bond the top layers of concrete and provide the base with better hydrophobic characteristics. The top of the concrete floor can be painted or covered ceramic tiles, or you can leave it without finishing at all.
The next step in the construction of a frame object is its insulation. It is very easy to install thermal insulation into the frame of a structure. The selected material is simply placed into the voids in the frame from the inside or outside (depending on which side the walls were originally sheathed on).
For insulation, you can use mineral wool, polystyrene foam, sprayed polyurethane foam and any other thermal insulation materials. Spray polyurethane foam is considered preferable for insulation frame structure. It is more expensive than most other types of thermal insulation and requires special equipment, but it can completely fill all the empty space in the frame, including any cavities and cracks, thanks to which the building will be qualitatively protected from cold bridges.
After installing the insulation, you can begin covering the walls on the side where the facing materials have not yet been installed. For cladding, you can use any light finishes; it is recommended to clad the building on both sides using the same material. That is, if the inside of the walls is already upholstered with OSB boards, then it is better to upholster the frame with the same boards on the outside.
Finishing cladding and installation of garage doors
To make the garage truly comfortable and attractive inside and out, all surfaces in it are additionally lined. For interior decoration, it is best to use reliable, durable and resistant to external negative impacts materials. It is recommended to avoid cladding, which burns easily and contributes to the rapid spread of flames. There is no place for such finishes in garages where flammable substances may be stored.
Simultaneously with the finishing cladding, gates are installed in the garage, which can be swing, sectional, roller shutter or tilt-and-turn. For self-installation simple swing double-leaf gates are best suited; other designs require certain professional knowledge and skills during installation, which the average owner most likely does not have.
The construction of a frame building, although it takes a lot of time, can be done completely independently. Of course, if you find helpers, the work will go faster and take less effort, but with some skill you can do without them. Follow the sequence of actions described in our step-by-step instructions, and you can make the garage of your dreams with minimal investment.
For many people, a car is more than just a means of transportation. This is one of the best friends in life, which constantly needs careful care and the most tender care. The first thing you need to pay attention to after purchasing a car is its storage, that is, the construction of a motorhome. In the not-too-distant past, it was not an easy task to build a car shelter with your own hands. Nowadays, thanks to new frame technologies, you can independently build a garage, which can be erected in a short time.
Frame technology for garage construction
Sometimes our capabilities do not coincide with our desires, and we have to abandon the planned type of garage in favor of simple designs. However, it is worth remembering that awnings, awnings, and flimsy outbuildings that threaten to bury movable property are not the best solution problems. But to build a shelter for a garage using frame technology, you don’t need a lot of intelligence.
The construction of a frame garage does not require special skills from the developer, it requires a minimum of material, and such a structure will serve no worse than a monolithic building and no less. Moreover, you can build a frame garage without using heavy construction technology.
To ensure a long-lasting frame garage, pay attention to the following:
- Build a durable garage so that it is not dependent on the outside environment.
- The design should be simple so that the owner can carry out repairs independently.
- The cost of building a garage should not be high.
- Be concerned about the low heat output of your garage.
Advantages of a frame garage
Frame technologies have been used in construction for a long time; their practicality and efficiency have been proven by a huge number of houses that have been built around the world. Many people nowadays build not only frame houses, but also frame garages. The structure is most often made of wood, so it does not require complex foundations. However, it can compete with metal and foam block buildings.
A frame garage has many advantages. Any car owner can build a garage with his own hands. One of the advantages of such a shelter is maximum speed and ease of construction process. Various parts of the structure are assembled using bolts and screws, so work can be done in any season.
Two installers are enough to complete the construction of a frame garage in a few weeks. You do not need to rent construction equipment and, accordingly, you do not need to waste time on drawing up such contracts. There will be no construction waste at the construction site, so you don’t have to worry about the area becoming cluttered.
Construction of a frame garage
Before starting work, you need to draw up a project for a frame garage, that is, determine the order of collection and calculate the amount of material, and also inquire about the cost of building a garage. By the way, having chosen this technology construction, you can save money. The next thing you need is to find an area measuring 10 by 10 meters. The construction plan can be purchased from professionals or found on the Internet. Let's talk about this in more detail.
Project documentation
An important document according to which all work related to the construction of a frame garage is carried out is a working draft. It includes the following drawings:
- preliminary design of the architectural plan and three-dimensional model;
- plan foundation slab frame garage;
- situational plan with reference to existing buildings on the site and creation of elevation marks;
- frame garage basement plan;
- layout of frame elements;
- rafter layout diagram;
- drawings of rafter beams, trusses and other roof elements;
- roof plan;
- drainage system plan;
- explanatory note of the project indicating technical characteristics, construction technologies, descriptions of structures and building materials.
Choosing a place for a garage
Before starting construction, select a place to build the garage so that there are no problems with the car leaving the garage. If you have private house and there is a 10 by 10 meter platform next to it, then you are in luck. Clear the selected area of debris and foreign objects, level, compact and remove vegetation from it.
Depending on the dimensions of the car, a garage of a certain size is built accordingly. At the same time, you need to know that the technology for constructing a garage should be such that it is spacious; you should not build a shelter for a specific car, because cars can change, but a garage is built to last for many years. It’s better to immediately make a huge building with a large opening.
Frame garage foundation
Frame garages are not too demanding on the quality of the foundation, as monolithic structures. The most important condition is to provide a level platform. Well-compacted gravel, an asphalt path, or a concrete surface are suitable as a base.
The foundation ensures the strength of the garage. The choice of type of foundation depends on the design of the car shelter, the soil and the financial costs. In the photo of the garage construction you can see the foundation, which is made as a solid concrete slab, which is also the floor, which can be finished with your favorite material.
Solid concrete slabs are one of the types of “floating” foundations that absorb loads over the entire area, because of this there will be no deformation of the structure. A not very deep trench is dug along the entire perimeter, then formwork is installed. You need to know that formwork is installed on three sides.
Should be taken quality concrete, which should be poured into the formwork. For better strength, you can install monolithic stiffeners with two reinforced meshes. We leave the resulting foundation for 3 weeks.
Base for frame garage
Typically, the concrete of the foundation slab acquires strength characteristics after three weeks. Let's move on to the base - along the entire perimeter of the building, we will lay concrete blocks 20 by 20 by 40 centimeters on the cement mortar. This is the base, then a wall is placed on it, after which you need to start the waterproofing process. To do this, you need to stick hydroglass insulation onto the base.
Garage wall frame
Next we work on the device frame walls. The “skeleton” of the future garage can be made of different materials. But most often they choose metal or wood. Wooden base is the cheapest, but far from the best solution. Its main disadvantage is considered to be flammability.
Metal is a more durable and fire-resistant material. Load-bearing structures made from metal profiles are more durable; their connections are not simply bolted together, but welded, which is more reliable. A frame garage of this type will withstand any onslaught of bad weather, and your car will be well protected.
But let's get back to building the shelter frame. To do this, we install a starting beam on an insulated base, which serves as the basis for the walls that will be installed in the future. Using self-unclosing anchors in increments of 1-1.5 meters, the timber is attached to the concrete. Very important point fastening the timber to the foundation and basement of the garage - careful control, since it will be difficult to correct deficiencies if they arise.
Next, in accordance with the working design, after installing the timber, we install the remaining elements of the frame walls, install racks, diagonal braces, lintels and the top trim beam. The frame elements are fastened together with 70-90 mm self-tapping screws.
The area where the entrance will be must have reinforced elements to withstand the weight of the gate structure. A reinforced beam must be installed on each of the garage door openings. Before installation wooden structures treated with bioprotective compounds and antipyranes.
Garage wall cladding
After installing the walls on the outside, they are sheathed with OSB-3 boards. Next, insulation is laid between the frame elements. You can lay mineral insulation or polystyrene foam boards. For external cladding, “C” class lining is most often used; a windproof layer is installed on it, which consists of dense glassine and vertical beams 25x30.
As a rule, when installing, the recommended pitch of vertical bars is 30 cm. Wooden parts It is customary to treat with an antiseptic during work. After this we carry out the covering interior wall. Internal insulation the garage consists of mineral wool or cheap lining. The outside cladding is made of siding. Double-glazed windows are installed in the provided openings.
Roof using frame technology
Now we move on to such a rather important stage as arranging the roof. You need 100x25 boards, which you will cover with corrugated roofing material. The installation of a roof includes such technological steps as arrangement rafter system, creation of a vapor barrier layer, installation of a heat insulator (mineral wool boards), equipment of a waterproofing layer and covering with roofing material.
Roofing requirements are standard. It must be reliable and easy to maintain. Domestic realities with snowy winters, they require sufficient roof strength that will withstand the weight of the snow cover and the person who dumps this snow. The roofing material for a garage roof is slate, corrugated sheeting, ondulin, metal tiles, soft or flexible tiles, remains from roofing materials of a residential building. The main condition for a long service life of the roof is a conscientious installation.
Nowadays, metal tiles or corrugated sheets are most often used for roofing. There is no need to adjust these sheets; the large dimensions significantly speed up the progress of work. Fasten materials using simple electrical tools.
One of the main elements of the roof is the drain, which is made from a plastic sewer pipe cut into two. To prevent rust from occurring, it is necessary to provide it with polymer protection. Since winters in our latitude are quite snowy, install roofing snow guards around the perimeter of the roof, which prevent the spontaneous removal of ice and snow from the roof, which can damage the car.
Frame garage door
For frame garages there are gates with different designs- sectional, sliding, sliding, but usually when building a car shelter they install it on their own swing gates. They are reliable, lightweight and easy to manufacture. The size of the gate will depend on the dimensions of the car; the standard size is 2.5 meters.
To make internal and external gate frames, you need a metal corner (65 mm), which must be fastened together with metal strips. If you plan to use the top of the frame as a lintel, then you need to completely cover it with metal.
The frame of the doors is made from a metal profile. When the frame is assembled, it needs to be sheathed sheet steel 3 mm thick. Usually, metal pins inserted into tubes are used, which in the future will serve as bolts; also, as a bolt, you can create a mechanism similar to a milk can. In order to provide protection against corrosion, you need to treat the metal with a file and sandpaper, cover it with drying oil, and then paint.
Frame garage communications
In the garage, operational amenities and microclimate are provided by power supply, ventilation and heating systems. Conduct all these communications to the garage. Install natural ventilation, which will free the room from exhaust gases and ensure the presence of fresh air in the garage, to do this, leave holes in two opposite walls, covering them with a grill.
Often provided for by the project electric heating in the garage using electric convectors. These devices are relatively inexpensive and installation is very simple. However, there is a large consumption of electricity, and its cost is quite significant. So choose more cheap option in operation - supply heating from your house, which is located next to the garage.
Mount the wiring inside the walls in special channels. Install the RCD, the required number of sockets and lighting fixtures. It is advisable to provide natural lighting in the garage - to do this, install four windows that have dimensions of 1100x500. To install the facade of a frame garage, corrugated sheets are most often used. Siding may require additional sheathing. Lay a layer of insulation on the inside and sew it with eurolining.
You have almost solved the problem of how to build a frame garage, now think about interior design and read our next article. The ceiling can be sheathed with clapboard; one layer of paper and insulation is placed on top of it. A 25 mm thick board is laid on the attic floor and an extension ladder is installed.
The construction work on the construction of a frame garage made of wood has now been completed. To consolidate theoretical knowledge, it is worth watching a video about building a garage. Now you are the happy owner of a home that will protect your car in any weather and create comfortable conditions for repairs and technical inspection.
Buying a car is an expensive purchase. Yes, a car can be outdoors all year round or “winter” under a temporary structure, but how will this affect its technical condition? Think about building an indoor space?
When choosing, the emphasis is on the duration of work and the price category. If previously it was possible to choose only between an iron and a stationary building, now frame garages, which came to us from abroad, are gaining more and more popularity.
Have you decided, but don’t know how to build a garage using frame technology? Let's figure it out together.
One of the main advantages of such buildings is the possibility self-construction. You only need one assistant and a developed project, which includes all the necessary drawings (sketches), an approximate calculation of the necessary construction and additional materials. Other benefits include:
- affordability compared to stationary garages;
- simplicity and short duration of the construction process;
- low thermal conductivity, allowing winter time quickly warm the room to the desired temperature;
- strength.
We offer you step-by-step instructions for a do-it-yourself frame garage, with step by step description works
Designing a future building
The initial stage in any construction is a sketch or drawing of the future premises. This will save time and money on construction, because you will know how much material you will need for your idea. If earlier the project of a frame garage, everything necessary calculations had to be done manually, now there are many special programs on the Internet that will carry out all the calculations with maximum accuracy.
The site on which the garage is planned to be built should not be far from the house. The preferred distance is up to 10 meters. The construction area must be cleared of plants, debris, and roots. The soil on it needs to be compacted and leveled. After preparatory work make a cushion of gravel and sand on which the foundation will then lie.
Required Tools
For the work you will, at a minimum, need: shovels, gloves, level, ready-made formwork. Depending on the type of garage, the frame will need wooden beams, it is better to use larch, linden or aspen, or profile pipes. For the base - high-quality concrete mortar.
Selecting the type and pouring the foundation
The foundation is the basis of any construction; it bears the greatest load. It is on this that the structure of the future building will then be installed.
There are three types of foundation:
- pile or columnar - poured during construction wooden houses or baths. It is considered one of the most affordable. The disadvantage is the impossibility of construction without special equipment;
- monolithic slab - this type is poured with mandatory reinforcement and leveling of the surface. Considered a disadvantage long term until the mixture dries completely;
- tape is the most popular type, which fully meets the requirements for strength and affordable cost.
Pay attention! The foundation for a frame garage is selected taking into account the quality of the soil and the groundwater level.
Based on the fact that the foundation for a frame garage also plays the role of a “subfloor”, it is most often poured monolithic foundation. Work on the foundation begins with digging a trench around the perimeter of the future garage. The depth of the trench is 40-50 cm. After this, we install formwork on three sides of the building. For this stage, you can use substandard boards, plywood, bars of various sizes. If you want to reuse this formwork in the future, it is better to wrap it in oilcloth or other waterproof material.
The next stage is tying the reinforcement. This will strengthen the concrete mixture. It is made from metal rods with a diameter of 10-12 millimeters. Final operation - fill the entire perimeter of the site concrete mixture and level it out. It remains to wait until the solution dries completely. The concrete screed takes approximately 2-3 weeks to dry.
A garage using frame technology can be made of either metal or wood. Let's consider the construction of a frame garage for each type of material.
We build a metal garage
This type of garage frame is built from a profile pipe, dimensions 40x40 and 40x20. The first profile is laid on the base, fastening occurs using anchor bolts. The pipes are welded together. After which the entire structure is installed. We “attach” the skin to the skeleton elements. In our case, it is metal sheets. If desired - profiled. The most convenient for covering walls are sheets made of metal profiles of grade C10, with dimensions of 2000 x 5 mm. The sheets are overlapped and secured welding machine. At first it’s spot-on, and after finishing the covering – completely. Alternative option screws may protrude. Choose for yourself.
Pay attention! The sheets should be placed so that the overlap occurs from top to bottom. Thus, moisture will not get under the material.
The positive properties of a metal profile include its non-flammability, strength, and speed of installation. The downside is the need to use welding.
Frame garage made of wooden beams
Most often, the garage frame is made of wood. Due to the fact that wood is easily susceptible to rotting and other natural influences, all elements before starting work must be treated with specialized substances that can eliminate these properties of the material.
It should be noted that a frame garage made of wood is the most budget option of this building. As in the case of a metal frame, a wooden garage also begins to be built by pouring the foundation. For the bottom trim, it is better to use beams measuring 100x50 mm, which are fastened with anchor bolts. For further work It is better to use bars 100x100 or 150x150 mm. For better stability of the structure, it is recommended to make a gap between vertical structural elements of 30-120 cm.
The cladding for a wooden frame can be:
- moisture-resistant plywood;
- OSB plate;
- boards.
Pay attention! These cladding materials can be deformed under the influence of the external environment, so it is necessary to make gaps ( expansion joints) 3-5 mm between plates.
We fasten the selected material with wood screws or “ruff nails”. There should be a gap of 300 mm between adjacent nails in the center of the sheet, and a distance of 150 mm from the edge of the sheet. To avoid splitting the edge, screw in the fasteners, leaving a gap of 10mm, without tightening too much.
Roof and gate structures
Well, the walls are in place, let's move on to installing the roof. It can be flat, single-slope or gable. Flat roof, most easy option installation, but most at risk of deformation. Therefore, choose either a single- or gable roof. The slope in such roofs will not allow snow to attach to them and it will fall to the ground under its own weight. This technological operation begins with securing the rafter system. Keep in mind that the entire load from precipitation will be transferred to it. The parts of the rafter system are fastened together using tie-downs, which will relieve the load on the ridge beam. Choice roofing material depends on your financial capabilities. It can be classic or metal tiles, slate, corrugated sheets.
Installing the gate is the final stage. According to the opening method, they are divided into sliding, sectional, hinged or sliding. After installing the system, do not forget to treat the surface with primer and paint to prevent corrosion.
Insulation, external and internal cladding
Insulating the walls will help maintain normal indoor temperatures. To do this, during the construction of walls, insulation is placed between the sheathing. It can be glass or mineral wool, polystyrene foam.
The inner part of the wall can be lined with wooden or PVC lining, chipboard sheets or fiberboard and other facing materials. For long-term operation of the garage, the external surfaces should also be lined. In this case, I also use lining, lining decorative bricks, siding.
With a skillful approach, it will take you a little more than a month, including time to dry the foundation. Buy necessary materials You can go to markets or in specialized stores, explore options on the Internet, and then the task of “how to build a frame garage with your own hands” will no longer seem so impossible. Good luck!
