Walls to be painted: procedure for performing repair work. How to prepare walls for painting How to treat walls before painting with acrylic paint

How to prepare walls for painting: work order

When preparing walls for painting, the order of work must be followed extremely strictly, because this is the most important stage construction and finishing works. Anyone who has done repairs at least once knows that even the most minor mistakes made at this stage can reduce the quality repair work generally. Non-professionals may believe that such preparation consists of cleaning surfaces from dirt and dust, after which painting can begin. You can be convinced that this opinion is wrong as soon as you start painting. flat surface. Therefore, the preparation of walls must be taken seriously, observing all the norms and requirements for these types of work.

Priming the wall before painting

Preparing walls for painting: main steps

Preparatory work is carried out in 4 stages. First of all, you need to prepare materials and tools:

• putty knife;
• sandpaper;
• putty;
• plaster;
• frame mesh;
• primer;
• roller;
• brushes

Removing old oil paint using a drill with an attachment

First, the walls need to be freed from the old finishing coating. The complexity of such work depends on the type of coating. If the walls were covered with wallpaper, they must be completely removed, the wall cleaned, puttied and leveled. If the surface was finished with water-based paint, you can wash it off with a damp sponge. This method is not suitable for removing oil paints and enamels. You will have to remove such paint using a spatula or a drill with a special drill. If you still cannot remove the old water-based paint, you can apply a fresh layer on top of it.

If the wall is covered with plaster, inspect it for defects. They need to be eliminated, otherwise the plaster may begin to crack and crumble over time. Voids in the coating can be identified by tapping the surface. If the sound is dull, it means that there are cavities in the plaster layer. The coating in this area must be removed and replaced with a fresh one.

The next step is to prime the wall. This does not require special skills; this is the simplest construction process. In this case, the work must be carried out carefully, choosing means of deep penetration. This primer has the best technical and performance characteristics ensuring reliable adhesion of paint to the surface. The primer is usually applied using a brush or roller. To speed up the process, you can use a spray gun. After treatment, the wall must be dried for 5-6 hours, after which you can proceed to the next step.

Carefully level and putty the walls before painting

At the third stage, the walls are leveled with putty. The method of applying it depends on the material from which the wall is built. Plastered bricks can be puttyed immediately. It is better to fix a nylon mesh on a concrete wall. This is the best option for those who are faced with repair work for the first time. Walls in small rooms can be puttied without it. Applying putty using a frame mesh is quite simple. It is applied in a thin layer over the entire surface of the wall and a mesh is placed on top. The next sheet of mesh is laid overlapping. Wait until the putty is completely dry before applying the next layer, otherwise air-filled voids may form in the coating. To apply putty on the wall, it is better to choose a spatula 40 cm wide - this is the most convenient size.

At the fourth stage, the finishing layer of putty is applied. It is better to use Satengips. This is a material produced on the basis of finely ground gypsum, which has good adhesion to the surface. It is applied in a thin layer over the putty, dried well and covered with a primer.

Preparing drywall for painting

Painting is optimal solution when choosing finishing methods plasterboard structures. Preparatory work is not much different from processing a concrete or brick wall. The main task is to obtain a flat surface. This means that before applying paint, you first need to seal the joints between the sheets of material, as well as eliminate surface defects and holes in the places of attachment to the guides.

To level the surface you will need putty. It is advisable to choose material that is ready for use. You will also need to prepare a couple of spatulas: wide and narrow. To this list you need to add a reinforcing mesh and fine-grained sandpaper. Putty must be applied to the drywall in a thin layer, after which reinforcement tape is installed, which is buried in the putty. Then, layer by layer, the surface is completely leveled. Wait until the putty is completely dry before applying the next layer. A portable lamp will facilitate the process of checking the quality of the work done.

Sanding a plasterboard wall before painting

The most important step in preparing drywall for painting with your own hands is sanding. This stage allows you to achieve a perfectly flat, smooth surface, which will improve the quality of painting. Sand the wall with sandpaper, going through all the putty areas. In this case, there is no need to remove the putty to the base, otherwise the appearance of the structure will deteriorate. For the best adhesion of paint and protection of the surface, the wall must be primed. The primer must be applied twice, waiting until the first layer has dried. Now you can move on to painting.

Matte paint will help hide all the mistakes made during the preparatory work.

Summarizing

Now you know how to prepare walls for painting with your own hands. The final step is to make the surface smooth using sandpaper and priming. Here, too, you need to control the quality of work. The preparation of the walls can be considered complete.

How can you remove old paint from walls?

What paint is best to use for decorating walls in an apartment?

How can you remove old wallpaper from walls?

The procedure for preparing walls for painting

We offer you approximate step-by-step instructions for preparing walls for their subsequent painting. It is imperative to carefully prepare the walls to be painted in the future for painting carefully and with special attention, taking into account every nuance, because the quality of painting of surfaces of any type directly depends on the quality of the preparatory work: interiors and facades of buildings. Well, in order to do something once and not return to this issue through a short time, you should think through everything carefully and thoroughly prepare the surfaces for painting.

Stages of preparing walls for painting

Preparing walls for painting includes the following steps:

• Preparing the premises.
• Leveling walls (plastering and puttying).
• Priming the walls.

Stage 1 Preparing the premises

1st stage: Preparing a room for renovation work involves clearing the room as much as possible of furniture and equipment. If it is not possible to take out all the things, you should definitely cover them with a special protective painting film, this must be done so that such things do not get dirty when painting, because putty, primer, and paint can blur on them. Carpets and rugs must be rolled into a roll and also covered with construction film. If the floor is already ready and you will not redo it, do not forget to protect it from contact with various paints and varnishes used in the work. Small parts can be sealed with special masking tape (it looks like adhesive tape, but is white and, unlike it, does not leave any sticky marks after myself).

Stage 2 Leveling the walls

2nd stage: alignment of walls. Cracks, depressions, and holes in the wall should be sealed with plaster or special compounds. First, the starting plaster is used, and then the finishing plaster ( detailed instructions is on the packages with this material). If the walls are almost smooth, they need to be puttied and then cleaned with sandpaper. Usually, after these procedures, the walls are washed and given the necessary time to dry completely.

Stage 3: Priming the walls

3rd stage: The walls are primed using a special primer.

If the walls are no longer completely new, then you first need to clear them of layers old paint, then seal all kinds of irregularities, pits, holes and holes, joints and cracks using suitable plaster or putty. Then the walls are puttied and primed. Old wallpaper must be removed from the walls first. Remove old wallpaper from the walls using a regular metal paint spatula or by first soaking the wallpaper with water and then removing it with your hands or, again, with a construction spatula. You should definitely read the instructions for priming walls; it will tell you exactly how to make the solution (and whether it is needed), how many layers to apply, etc. Priming the walls is usually done between all coatings so that they adhere better to each other. Keep this in mind and read the instructions.

When carrying out preparatory work, you should achieve the creation of a flat, smooth and always clean surface (dirt, dust, residues and scraps of something can ruin everything and you will have to repaint everything again). Therefore, write on a piece of paper what you will do, what materials you will need for this, re-read their instructions and recommendations for use, and go to the hardware store with a shopping list.

How to level walls before painting

How to level walls before painting. gypsum and decorative structural plaster, putty, plasterboard boards, textured paint. All of these methods and materials are suitable; each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Gypsum plaster is also used these days to level walls (it is very convenient to use). If the walls are very uneven, some people get out of this situation by closing uneven walls simply with plasterboard slabs, resulting in a quickly and easily flat wall. Decorative plaster or currently popular structural paint can also be used as separate methods for leveling walls. Especially if the textured plaster has a rather deep structure.

Wall surfaces made of bast fiber, as well as gypsum plaster and plasterboard boards must be primed in advance using a special putty and a flat brush suitable for this purpose. The primer will increase the adhesion (sticking) of the paint to the surface of the walls treated during the repair process. Metal surfaces Initially, it is necessary to clean it from rust and dirt and then cover it with a special insulating paint that is resistant to moisture and water and will not cause metal corrosion, and this is very important when creating a long-term coating.

While working on preparing walls for painting and during the painting process, you should under no circumstances allow drafts in the room (by the way, the same as during painting). The temperature during preparatory work at all stages should be from 18 °C.

When the walls are completely prepared for painting, you need to start preparing to select the appropriate paint and varnish material, and the necessary tool for painting walls: it can be a brush, a roller or even a special spray gun, but that’s a completely different story.

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How to prepare walls for painting

Technology for preparing walls for painting

The technology for preparing walls for painting depends on the quality of the surface. Basically, leveling is done first and then putty is applied.

Today we will tell you how to prepare walls for painting and how to do it correctly. Also in the video in this article you can see a lot of useful and necessary information on this issue.

What are we going to paint?

Painting can be used for almost all types of surfaces that are planned to be improved.

These can be the following surfaces:

Smooth plastered and puttied surfaces.

Textured surfaces.

Painting surfaces finished with facing material.

Relief building surfaces.

Each option involves preparatory work:

• The first step is to determine the application layer. To do this, you just need to pull the line along the diagonals of the plane.
• After this, we apply a level and see how much plaster we need to put for leveling (see Leveling walls with plaster according to all the rules).

Attention: Particular attention should be paid to the preparation of walls for painting, which includes the processes of leveling the walls and their putty. In this case, it makes sense to draw up the order of work in more detail and the instructions will be as follows:

Preparing the surface
Stage 1: leveling the walls and processing them

Preparing walls for painting with your own hands begins with preparing them. Even simple painting walls requires very careful elimination of all existing flaws and irregularities.

Based high requirements, you can resort to using the following options:

Sanding this coating

The first option can be used if the old base is not damaged and is strong enough. In this case, you can limit yourself to removing the old coating using sandpaper or a grinding wheel. After this, all old surfaces should be treated with an antiseptic and primed (see Primer for walls for painting - types and tasks). After all preparatory operations, differences in unevenness should not exceed 2 mm. Only then can further work begin.

If the old surface is quite uneven and unreliable, then it makes sense to replace the old plaster with a new one or cover the surface with plasterboard. In this case, all the old, poorly adhering plaster is removed, and which option to resort to in the future depends on financial capabilities and personal preferences.

Leveling walls with drywall

If you need to apply a layer of more than 3 cm, then it is better to level it using plasterboard (see Plasterboard cladding technology: methods of installing the material). After this you can only do putty. In this case, the price of the work will be much cheaper. This option is often used when decorating a room in a new building.

Attention: After preliminary work(especially plaster), the surface needs to dry well, after which it can be primed and allowed to dry again.

Stage 2: application starting putty

By themselves, surfaces such as a layer of plaster or sheets of drywall are not suitable for painting, so they must be covered with putty. The issue of painting plaster surfaces is especially relevant.

• As a rule, unlike plasterboard surfaces, plastered surfaces have to be covered not only with finishing putty, but also with starting putty. This is due to the fact that plastered surfaces contain uneven surfaces that need to be smoothed out, while plasterboard surfaces are considered completely smooth and ready to apply the finishing coat. This is precisely the advantage of plasterboard systems.
• If you plan to paint, it is better to use a reinforcing mesh with a cell size of 2 mm. The reinforcing mesh is laid on the plane along with the first layer of starting putty. When the first layer has set, you can begin applying the second. As a rule, in such cases two layers of starting putty are used. After this, the putty is allowed to dry normally.
• After this, you can “walk” over the surface with a coarse abrasive mesh with grain No. 120 to remove various sagging and small irregularities. Despite this, the surface is not suitable for painting, since the starting putty has a certain grain size, which allows it to be used to create a rough layer, as well as for leveling walls, due to the fact that it can be applied in a layer of up to 5 cm.

Stage 3: applying finishing putty

Due to the fact that the finishing putty has high plasticity and no graininess, it can be used to obtain a surface that can be painted.

We do the finishing touches

• The method for applying finishing putty is the same as the method for applying starting putty. but the thickness of the working layer should not exceed 1.5-2 mm. As a rule, it is enough to apply 2 layers of this putty, then sand the surface and you can get a perfectly flat and smooth base for painting. To grind the finishing layer, fine-grained abrasive materials with grain No. 80-No. 100 are used.
• In this case, such a technological stage as sanding for painting must be carried out very carefully, otherwise after painting all the defects will “come out” to the surface.

Stage No. 4: final preparatory stage of painting

After grinding work, the surface should be very thoroughly cleaned of dust. To do this, you can use a broom or vacuum cleaner. Every speck of dust left on the surface will make itself felt after painting.

It's good if this place is out of sight. After removing dust, the surface is covered with one layer of primer. After complete drying, you can begin painting.

Features of preparation of other surfaces:

• Particular attention should be paid to the preparation of wooden surfaces. They are sanded and, if necessary, puttied with wood putty. This must be done in cases where there are serious cracks in the wooden surface, especially in places where there are knots. After this, the wood is covered with protective solutions or stained. And only after all the necessary preparatory operations have been completed, wooden surfaces can be coated with varnishes or paints.
• It is enough to cover embossed or textured surfaces with a layer of deep-penetrating primer. Wallpaper for painting is primed with adhesives.

Selecting paint type

The walls have been prepared for wallpaper for painting, now we need to choose a paint. In construction stores you can find several types of paint, differing in both characteristics and composition.

As a rule, all this is indicated on the packaging and you just need to carefully read the available information; the information received can become the basis for choosing the type of paint and its use in certain conditions. Instructions are on each package.

They are also called water-based paints, since the main solvent is ordinary water. In this regard, they are also environmentally friendly, which means that they can be used in non-residential and residential premises.

They are widely used due to their low cost, ease of application and high-quality painted surfaces.

• Both during application and during operation, such paints do not emit harmful substances.
• Paints are produced in plastic buckets of various sizes, with the basic white. To obtain a surface of a different color, it is enough to add a certain amount of dye to the paint, which can be purchased at the same hardware store.
• Surfaces painted with water-based paint can be wiped with a dry or wet cloth, as you can read on the packaging.

The basis of acrylic paints is acrylic resin. She provides high-quality coating building surfaces and forms a smooth surface layer.

• Surfaces painted with acrylic paints can “breathe” and can be washed, but how active you can find out on the packaging.
• They can be used to cover fiberglass wallpaper, concrete surfaces, wooden surfaces, plastered surfaces, etc.
• The structure of the paint is such that it allows you to hide small flaws.

The main filler of such paints is latex rubber, which results in a very smooth and high-quality surface.

• Despite their vapor permeability, such paints can be washed regularly, as they are more resistant to washing than acrylic ones.
• They are able to maintain color for 8 years. The durable and moisture-resistant surface allows the use of latex paints in areas such as the kitchen, bathroom, corridor, etc.
• It is especially recommended to use it in areas of rapid contamination.

After application, they form a smooth, vapor-permeable surface that quickly gets dirty, but at the same time, it is easy to clean. Such paints are recommended for use in places or rooms where there is high humidity. Such premises include: bathrooms, laundries, kitchens, basements, toilets, etc.

Such paints can be considered more universal, as they have the characteristics of several types of paints. Latex-acrylic ones are very popular.

• When using, one should take into account the fact that they are vapor permeable, although they form a smooth surface that is resistant to moisture and mechanical stress.
• Such paints can withstand intensive washing, which makes them suitable for use in kitchens and bathrooms.

Conclusion

• In conclusion, we can say that the most promising area for using water-based, acrylic and latex paints is cladding the walls of public and administrative buildings.
• As for the residential sector, he gives preference to wallpapering. This is due, first of all, to the possibility of obtaining original design solutions, thanks to a very wide selection of finishing materials such as wallpaper. At the same time, warm surfaces are obtained that create additional comfort in the house.
• It’s another matter when it is necessary to cladding the premises of a cafe, nightclub, bar, store, etc. there is practically no alternative to painting. Indicators such as the ability to wash after contamination are most ideal for these types of premises. Of no small importance is such a factor as mechanical strength applied layer of paint. In places where there is heavy traffic, this indicator can play a decisive role.

Attention: When choosing a particular paint, you should pay special attention to such an indicator as vapor permeability. If there is a vapor-permeable facade, then vapor-permeable paints cannot be used for finishing, as this can lead to the destruction of the structural material of the building's facade.

Preparing plastered walls for painting is not difficult, but if you want to do everything efficiently, then you will need to work. The cost will not be high, especially if you do everything yourself. And after looking at the photo it’s fashionable to do everything.

Graduated from the Faculty of Architecture of Penza state institute architecture and construction. For the last ten years, he has been a leading specialist in a large construction company in Penza, engaged in the construction of multi-storey residential buildings. Total work experience in the specialty is 18 years. Consults on design issues, selection of materials for interior and exterior finishing, technologies for finishing work.

At one time, everyone associated painted surfaces with creepy, crooked walls covered with a layer of dark shade of oil paint. They looked equally unpleasant both in apartments and in residential premises. Apartment owners tried to get rid of this “beauty” by any means possible, gluing wallpaper and foam film onto dirty green and poisonous blue surfaces, and those who were especially skilled simply stuffed lining on them. Then, already in the early nineties, when building materials that had never been seen before and were unknown to Soviet people began to appear in stores, many began to paint walls with water-based paint different colors. It was fashionable and prestigious; almost every second person believed that only such decoration would make the interior of an apartment or house richer. True, such a question as proper preparation of walls for painting with water-based paint was not particularly considered. And therefore the result was not always what we wanted. And gradually they began to abandon this type of finishing, especially since previously unseen vinyl and non-woven wallpapers of extraordinary beauty and outlandish colors appeared on store shelves. Strictly speaking, what is this little excursion for? And to the fact that at the moment coloring is becoming popular again. Moreover, in a completely different form, since it is carried out using the latest materials and the use of modern technologies. And if this type of finishing work is planned to be carried out in a room, surface preparation is the main and decisive stage. And it is this process that the entire subsequent text will be devoted to. We will try to tell you in as much detail as possible about what the Work Procedure is, all the nuances of their implementation and useful tips specialists - read about all this below.

Types of surfaces to be painted

So, what walls can be finished this way? In principle, almost any. But, from a professional point of view, at the moment it is advisable to paint: puttied or well-plastered surfaces, a base made of fiberglass material intended for this purpose, etc.), textured and relief plaster, drywall prepared accordingly.

Depending on the surface to be finished, the walls are prepared for painting. Some stages are typical for each type of work, while others in one case or another are either not used at all or are combined with each other.

The procedure for preparing walls for painting

This is usually step by step process. First, the surface must be prepared. Then level it with either plaster or drywall. After this, finishing is carried out either with putty or decorative plaster. There is also an option such as sticking paintable wallpaper or fiberglass onto already plastered walls. Both of these procedures also apply to finishing. Below is a detailed description of what it means to prepare walls before painting in each case.

Let's start with the preparatory procedures, which, as a rule, are almost the same in all cases.

Preliminary work

Preparing walls for painting requires a very careful approach. And we must approach the issue with all responsibility, because the final result depends entirely on this. So, the walls must first be cleaned of old types of decoration. If it is wallpaper, it needs to be removed, and completely. If it is oil paint and water-based, you also need to get rid of it, not to mention whitewashing. After this, it is necessary to conduct a thorough inspection of the walls. First of all, check their integrity. If they were previously plastered, the layer of mortar is strong and adheres well to the wall - excellent. If there are places where it literally shakes, they need to be cleaned and the defects repaired with fresh solution. If more than 40 percent of the surface is damaged, it is recommended not to waste time and completely remove all old plaster from the wall.

As soon as you think you have solid foundation, you can start priming it.

A small retreat

An interesting feature of repair work is that sometimes the preparation process takes almost more time than the entire subsequent procedure. Sometimes with some walls paper wallpaper you have to remove literally a millimeter at a time, and what can we say about how difficult the procedure for removing oil paint is. Therefore, before continuing the conversation about how after preparatory stage preparing walls for painting, we would like to give some tips from experienced craftsmen. Perhaps they will help someone quickly cope with dirty and hard work.

How to remove wallpaper

Never remove old wallpaper, unless, of course, it falls off the wall itself when dry. When the paper is firmly stuck to the plaster, it can sometimes only be removed together with the base itself. Therefore, arm yourself with a bucket of warm water and a brush (not a roller!) and begin to wet the wall. And not once or twice, but literally almost every 15 minutes. Believe me, your hard work will be rewarded. At some point, the wallpaper will begin to bubble and come off the wall. All you have to do is help them a little with this.

How to get rid of paint

It is not advisable to try to remove paint from a wall with a small putty knife. It’s better to immediately take a drill with an attachment designed specifically for these purposes and work with this tool. The only thing you can try is to remove not quite high-quality water-based paint with a sponge moistened with water. However, if you have large surfaces to prepare, you can imagine how many walls you will have to wash.

Proper priming

Never, despite the advice of some, apply primer with a roller. Most of it will end up on the floor, which, by the way, will be quite difficult to clean later from the dried composition. The best option- a spray gun, at least a portable one. If it is not there, work with a brush. This is the only way you can really prepare the base efficiently and ensure the penetration of the primer into its inner layers.

Next stage

If the original wall is smooth, the plaster on it has been preserved, the defects have been repaired, you can begin finishing. What it will be - puttying or covering the surface with decorative plaster - depends on the type of work chosen. In any case, smooth walls can already be prepared for painting. It’s another matter if they are so crooked that it is almost impossible to cope with them. In this case, it is more advisable to pay attention to drywall. Using it you can level the surface quite simply and quickly. True, then it will also have to be prepared for painting, but we will talk about this below.

If you have removed all the old plaster, and in front of you is a bare concrete or brick wall, you will have to level it with plaster mortar using beacons. This is the most effective method, which allows you to end up with a truly flat surface.

If drywall was selected

We will not talk about how to install gypsum boards on walls. This is not our task. But it is necessary to say a few words about what it means to prepare plasterboard walls for painting. The thing is that neither wallpaper nor the coloring composition is applied directly to the gypsum board. They must first be puttied, thoroughly cleaned and primed, and only then painted.

Puttying process

Perhaps this is the most difficult procedure that a master who prepares walls for painting needs to carry out. The fact is that the surface should not only be flat, but also perfectly smooth. The slightest defect, the slightest scratch will be visible after the paint has dried. And to achieve this, the procedure must be carried out in two stages. First, a rough layer is applied, the first one. After it has dried thoroughly, you should go over it with a mesh or sandpaper to smooth out all the unevenness. And then prime it thoroughly and wait until it dries again. And only then apply a thin finishing layer of putty, which will completely cover the existing defects. In the same case, if there are any minor irregularities, they can be carefully covered, then the entire surface can be cleaned again and primed. After which, after a day you are allowed to start painting.

Nuances

If walls are being prepared for wallpaper for painting, then in this case it makes no sense to achieve an ideal surface. Yes, it should be even, fairly smooth, but it may have minor defects. The main thing is to get a really solid foundation. Wallpaper itself for painting, as a rule, is always corrugated, and therefore all kinds of scratches will simply hide under them. The only rule that must be followed is that during puttying it is not recommended to leave areas with a thin layer of putty through which the plaster can be seen. The whole process must be carried out with the same care that is required in preparing walls for painting without wallpaper. You just don’t have to worry about minor defects. They will not be visible. Otherwise there are no differences. The final putty coating is cleaned and covered with primer. After it has dried, you can start gluing the wallpaper. They are allowed to be painted no earlier than at least four days after pasting. Give them time to dry. Otherwise, eventually, under the influence of paint, they will begin to get wet and peel off from the wall.

There is one more issue that cannot be ignored when it comes to the use of a material such as fiberglass. Professionals call it painting fiberglass. More about him later.

Fiberglass

What is it for? And in order to make the surface perfectly smooth and protect it from cracks. And then the walls covered with painting fiberglass will delight you with magnificent views for a long time. appearance, since they are not afraid of any shrinkage or temperature changes, because all defects that appear on the surface will be hidden under the fiberglass. By the way, the latter can be both corrugated and quite thick, and very thin, literally translucent fabric. It is also called cobweb. It is this variety that is most popular, since, firstly, such fiberglass costs literally pennies, and secondly, it is easier to work with.

And a few words about the process itself. First the wall is plastered. It is enough to apply only one rough coat. Then it must be cleaned and primed. And stick the web with special glue. You can also take the composition for non-woven wallpaper. After drying, the fiberglass is puttied again with a very thin layer, and this procedure is very simple and quick. After priming you can

And about textured plaster

If walls are being prepared for painting decorative plaster, then such a procedure as puttying is not required at all. The textured solution is applied directly to the prepared rough base, after drying it is primed and then painted.

Despite the fact that today there are a large number of building materials For interior decoration, painted walls do not go out of fashion, as they fit harmoniously into many modern and classic interior styles. When planning painting, they expect the result to be a perfectly smooth matte or glossy surface. However, unfortunately, even concrete slabs of modern multi-storey buildings cannot boast of their evenness and smoothness. Therefore, the question arises of how to prepare walls for painting so that after completion of the work they look aesthetically pleasing and neat.

Puttying walls

Leveling surfaces with plasterboard

Leveling walls with sheets of plasterboard can be called the most simple option preparing surfaces for painting, since it can be performed even by beginners who have no experience in this work.

Canvases can be done in two ways - by attaching them to frame structure from metal profile or timber fixed to the wall, or gluing sheets to a special adhesive composition on a gypsum basis.

In the first case, the wall is leveled with a metal frame, the elements of which are set strictly according to the level and are a ready-made basis for fixing drywall. To adjust the distance from the wall to the sheathing posts, special metal parts are used - hangers. They are the ones that are fixed on the wall, and the racks are already mounted in them. The guides are usually placed in increments of 600 mm, so that each sheet is secured to at least three frame posts.

Drywall prices

drywall

Another option for installing gypsum board sheets is gluing them to a special thick solution, which is applied in slides to the wall or directly to the canvas itself. The thickness of the glue applied should be 50÷70 mm - this will allow you to adjust the verticality of the sheet according to the level, so there is no need to press it down completely right away.

It is very important to align the first sheet correctly, since all other sheets will be aligned with it. Each subsequent sheet is checked together with the previous one using a rule and a level vertically, horizontally and diagonally - in all directions the plasterboard surface should be located perfectly in the same plane.

After the drywall is fixed to the wall or frame, it is necessary to putty the joints between the sheets, and then treat their entire surface with a thin layer of putty. Then the applied coating is sanded, primed - and it is ready for further painting.

Quickly and efficiently - leveling walls using plasterboard

This material is truly wildly popular for its versatility and sufficient simple rules installation How to do it yourself is outlined with all the details in a special publication on the portal.

So, the process of preparing walls for the seemingly simplest method of finishing - painting, in fact turns out to be very labor-intensive. However, it must be carried out in full, very carefully, without deviating from the recommended technologies. Otherwise, it will not be possible to obtain a high-quality finishing result, and the painted wall surface will look sloppy.

The article will conclude with a video in which a master shows in practice the process of preparing a wall for painting.

Video: how to properly prepare walls for painting

Preparing walls for painting is an important and responsible procedure, without which it is impossible to create a high-quality finishing coating. main feature paint applied to the surface of the walls - the ability to show the slightest defects existing on it. These could be scratches or irregularities that were not removed during the puttying and sanding process. Knowing how to prepare walls for painting with water-based paint, you can avoid additional physical and material costs, save effort and time spent on finishing work.

Features of manipulations

How the walls will be prepared for painting depends on the quality of the material for constructing the walls. If we are talking about wooden structure, then the wood will need to be thoroughly sanded. To achieve a positive result in the most short time when performing work you will need Grinder, with which you can eliminate all defects existing on the surface of the wood. After sanding is completed, it is necessary to impregnate the wood with special compounds that ensure effective protection surfaces from moisture, insects, fungus, mold.

When performing all work related to preparing walls for painting, their order is strictly observed. In addition, a thorough cleaning of the surface from dirt and dust is required.

When preparing walls for painting, you must first get rid of the previous finishing coating by removing it from the surface. Further renovation of the premises requires preparation of concrete walls for painting.

This difficulty is caused by the need to perform plastering, with which the walls can be leveled. Only after this is it possible to begin applying several layers of putty mixture.

Special compositions have been developed and created for each surface, most of which are characterized by deep penetration. This processing allows for reliable protection walls before painting. This must be done before plastering, then the walls are primed before applying putty, and the walls in the apartment must be treated again immediately before painting.

For these works, a paintable wall primer is used, designed not only to protect the surface from fungus and mold, but also to create an ideal surface for painting.

Removing the previous coating and priming

Repair is not only about replacing the finishing coating on the floor and walls of a room. Repairs require careful preparation of all surfaces. So, for example, when preparing walls for painting you need to:

1. Clean it of old wallpaper, tiles, panels or paint.
2. Eliminate detected defects, and if necessary, remove damaged plaster and create a new coating.
3. If, in accordance with the design project or at the request of the owner of the residential premises, renovations in the apartment do not involve thorough puttying, and the planned finishing requires painting on the plaster, then care must be taken to carefully prepare the surface to avoid overuse of paint due to significant absorption of the coloring agent composition in plastered walls.
4. Decoration of walls made from concrete slabs- this is, first of all, a high-quality putty, when the composition is applied in several layers. To create the latter, a special mixture with the addition of quartz mica is used.

You need to remove old wallpaper from the walls by first wetting it with warm water with the addition of a small amount detergent. This composition will help to remove the canvas without using spatulas or a wallpaper knife and without damaging the surface of the walls. The roller needs to be soaked in the composition and the canvases should be rolled one by one on the walls, generously wetting them with the warm mixture.

If the planned repairs and the chosen finish involve painting with water-based compounds, then after wallpapering you need to properly prepare the walls for painting, strictly following all the rules and stages of work. The cleaned surface must be primed using specially created compounds characterized by deep penetration. This will help:

• strengthen the surface;
• avoid cracking;
• achieve high adhesion.

Repair and high quality finish require that all stages of wall preparation be followed and carried out. Otherwise, the created finishing coating will not be durable, and very soon cracking (a thin network of small cracks) will be noticeable on the wall surface that is not prepared for painting with water-based paint.

Sanding, plastering, puttying

Concrete walls are characterized by increased strength, but another feature of such a surface is its evenness. If defects in the form of small depressions or protrusions are found on such walls, it is necessary to get rid of them by grinding and puttying. The smallest bumps can be knocked off with a hammer (pick), but sanding is one of the mandatory procedures included in preparing walls for painting.

Whatever the surface of the walls in the apartment (concrete, brick, plasterboard), preparing the walls for painting with water-based paint requires mandatory puttying. During the work, it is necessary to correctly select the most suitable mixture (ready-made or dry) and a tool that will make it easier to level the surface. We are talking about spatulas with a length of at least 45 cm and a trowel. In addition you will need:

• level 2 m with spirit level;
• rule;
• spatula 10 cm for scooping the mixture.

Working with such compositions is simple and convenient. Applying them to the surface and distributing them over it does not require much physical effort. All manipulations can be performed with a 45-60 cm trowel or spatula. The quality of the created surface is checked by applying a rule and a two-meter level to the wall.

The putty is applied in three layers: the first base, starting, second leveling and third finishing. Each has a certain thickness and is made with a specially created composition. This is a mandatory stage of work related to preparing walls for painting with water-based paint. It is this that ensures the uniform distribution of the paint composition over the wall surface.

Using putty you can eliminate minor defects even on a plastered surface. These may be small gaps and cracks, depressions no more than 3 mm deep, but even if plasterboard was used to level the walls, it will not be possible to prepare the walls for painting without putty.

It is the putty that fills the seams and seals the joints between the fixed sheets.

Sanding and painting

The preparation of walls for painting can only be considered complete if, after the putty has completely dried, the surface has been treated with sandpaper or a special mesh. Sanding the walls is necessary in order to eliminate possible unevenness, transitions, and hide the junction of different layers of the composition.

Peculiarity water-based paint is that the first applied layer of paint will reveal all the defects and shortcomings in the quality of the preparatory work. Even the incorrect use of abrasive materials during the sanding process will result in barely noticeable scratches remaining on the putty surface, which will appear after applying the first layer of paint. The result of such work is not only a flat and absolutely smooth surface, but also a large amount of dust accumulated on it.

Priming will help prevent paint from rolling off and ensure its even distribution over the surface of the wall to be painted. At the final stage of preparing and finishing the walls, the primer is applied in two layers to reduce the porosity of the material and increase adhesion. Apply the primer in several layers, with each subsequent one no earlier than 4-5 hours after the previous one. Only after waiting for the surface to dry completely can you begin re-processing. The resulting thin but quite durable film will help to significantly reduce paint consumption and facilitate the process of applying water-based emulsion.

Another positive quality of the primer is its ability to ensure uniform color of the applied paint. Most primer mixtures contain antiseptic additives that guarantee effective protection of the surface from the appearance of fungus and subsequent mold growth.

The process of preparing walls for painting is presented in more detail in the video.

Work to prepare the wall surface for painting must fully comply with the established procedure. All stages are important and mandatory, and for their high-quality implementation it is necessary to use construction and electrical tools.

Modern interior design provides a huge range various options decorative finishing walls Among them: paneling, tiling, wallpapering. One of the most popular technologies is painting walls. This option provides a lot of advantages. First of all, there is a wide choice color range and the ability to quickly and inexpensively radically change the interior style of a room. But few apartment owners who decide to carry out renovations on their own know how to properly prepare walls for painting.

Preparation stages

The specificity of the painting technology is that the wall must be prepared with special care. Thin layer paint composition will not be able to hide even the smallest flaws of the painted surface. The technology for preparing walls for painting depends on the type of surface to be painted, the material from which it is made, and the type of paint. IN general outline Preparation for painting walls in a new building without prior preparation consists of the following steps:

• Roughing using basic plaster.
• Surface putty: starting and finishing.
• Primer.
• Coloring.

The wall, which has already been treated by any means, must be cleaned of old decoration right down to the very foundation. Only after this can you begin to prepare the wall for painting.

Plastering

Applying plaster involves preliminary preparation of the load-bearing surface. Depending on the material, it may vary slightly in nuances.

Step by step process

Before preparing the walls for painting, you should familiarize yourself in detail with all stages of the work. In a new house with untreated walls, it is necessary to determine how smooth they are. To do this, use a long building level or plumb line. By measuring the entire wall area with a tool in both vertical and horizontal directions, you can get a complete picture of all deviations from the norm.

According to the SNiP regulations, the permissible value of the “blockage” of the wall is no more than 0.5 cm for every 3 m. If the deviation is larger, it is necessary to level it using plaster mortar.

For ease of work, beacons are installed along the entire wall - markers made of even metal tubes or wooden slats. They are installed on mortar patches as follows:

• 2 starting beacons are placed in the corners of the wall.
• Twine is stretched between them in the upper and lower parts.
• The remaining beacons are placed along it every 0.8 - 1 m.

When installing intermediate beacons, they should not be pressed tightly against the stretched twine. Otherwise, there is a possibility of its gradual deviation outward. There should be a gap of 1-2 mm between the beacons and the thread.

Then plaster mortar is applied to the wall and left for 0.5-1 hour. After it has dried slightly, it should be pulled out using a rule or a wide spatula, and the beacons should be removed. After 12 hours, when the plaster has set, final leveling is carried out with metal grout or a wooden polisher. Plaster mortar can be purchased at a hardware store in the form of a dry mixture, or you can make it yourself - the proportions of various solutions are given in the table.

Increased adhesion

The easiest way to plaster brick wall, thanks to its relief structure, to which the solution clings well. In this case, the plaster can be applied directly to the wall, only by cleaning it from dirt and treating it with a primer. The need and method of priming when preparing walls for painting with your own hands will be discussed below.

For high-quality plastering of walls made of monolithic reinforced concrete, it may be necessary to increase its adhesion. Modern technology pouring a monolith involves the use of collapsible formwork made of sheet steel or laminated panels. This makes it easier to install and dismantle the formwork, as well as obtain a more even surface.

But an overly flat concrete surface also has its disadvantages. The wall, smooth to a glossy shine, has a very low adhesion rate with any finishing compounds. As a result, coating with any solution will not be durable.

The building is a concrete monolith

To increase adhesion concrete wall pre-treated with various abrasives or percussion instruments: grinder, mason's pick, hatchet, chisel, etc. As a result, the surface becomes covered with notches or acquires a rough structure.

Another option for increasing coupling is plaster mesh. It is attached to the concrete using dowel nails and serves as a strong base for the plaster mortar.

Wooden surfaces have poor adhesion to plaster mortars. This is due to the physical characteristics of wood, as a result of which any mixtures will not stick to it.

The wooden wall must be additionally prepared for plastering. For this purpose, metal or fiberglass plaster is also used, or shingles - thin wooden slats - are criss-crossed onto the surface.

The mesh can vary in cell diameter: the thicker the layer of plaster, the larger the mesh must be used.

Putty

If the concrete surface is fairly flat, you can completely dispense with applying base plaster, but place paint and varnish solutions directly on cement surface not recommended, be it monolithic reinforced concrete or cement plaster. Firstly, they have a large number of small pores. Secondly, their surface is not as smooth as we would like: at the joints of the formwork panels, sagging and joints inevitably appear, and throughout the entire area of ​​the wall there are areas of small shells and other defects.

Application area

To remove sagging and joints, the walls are sanded for painting. As a result of the high porosity of concrete, paint consumption increases sharply due to its increased absorption. To avoid waste of material and to repair minor defects, putty is used. It has a fine structure, and when applied to a plastered surface, it makes it more even and smooth.

Putty differs from plaster in its composition. Cement, gypsum or polymers are used as a binder in its production. The finely dispersed structure is obtained through the use of fine-grained quartz sand and chemical plasticizers as a filler.

Application technology

The putty solution goes on sale either in the form of ready-to-use compositions or in the form of dry mixtures. The method for preparing dry mixtures is quite simple: water is poured into a bucket, to which the mixture is added in the required quantity. The proportions for preparing the solution are usually given in the instructions for use placed on the packaging. For the wall you will need the following tools:

• Bucket or other container for the solution.
• Wide and narrow spatulas.
• Grout.

You should start working from one of the upper corners so that during the work, drops and splashes do not fall on the already treated surface. Ready mix It is scooped out of the container with a narrow spatula and evenly distributed over the entire length of the wide tool. After this, the putty is applied to the wall with smooth, sweeping movements.

As a material for processing immediately prior to painting, plastering with finishing compounds can be used. They differ from basic plasters in the finer structure of the filler and in this respect they are closer to putty solutions.

Thickness of application of both putties and finishing plaster mixtures should not exceed 3 - 5 mm. After the solution has dried, the entire surface treated with putty is cleaned with grout or fine sandpaper. To speed up the process, you can use a grinding and troweling machine.

When working with it, you should use safety glasses and a respirator to prevent dust from entering the mucous membranes and respiratory organs.

Primer

Preparing walls for painting requires their mandatory treatment with primers. The primer allows you to achieve several results:

• Increase the adhesion of the load-bearing base.
• Prevent damage to walls by fungi and mold.
• Strengthen the surface.
• Give the wall water-repellent properties.

Adhesive primer compositions are used to treat smooth surfaces and increase the adhesion of the wall to the paint. This is achieved by introducing quartz into the primer composition, which makes it possible to make any perfectly smooth surface slightly rough to the touch.

Antiseptic compounds should be used in areas with increased dampness— they prevent mold and mildew from developing on the treated wall. The adhesive included in the primers strengthens the surface and prevents it from cracking and peeling.

Thanks to its increased fluidity, the primer penetrates into the smallest cracks and pores, filling them. Thus, the access paths for water into the thickness of the wall are blocked, and its premature destruction is prevented. Together, all this significantly increases the service life of the painted surface. The technology for preparing walls for painting involves applying a primer before applying each subsequent layer of finishing.

To increase efficiency, the primer should be applied in several layers. Each subsequent layer is applied only after the previous one has completely dried. This usually takes from 3 to 10 hours and depends on the type of soil composition, air humidity and room temperature.

When choosing primers and putties, one more point needs to be taken into account: their compositions must be compatible with each other. It is better if they are created on the basis of the same material as the paint that you plan to use.

Preparation for painting other surfaces

Often there is a need to paint walls that are already covered with other finishing materials. In this case, the specifics of the preparatory work depend on the characteristics of the surface being treated.

If you need to paint tiles, then main task will give a smooth surface a rough structure, for which an adhesive primer is used. It is applied to the tiles with a roller or brush for two or three layers, after which you can begin painting the wall.

Before painting walls covered with special wallpaper intended for painting, special preparation is usually not required. Simply wipe them with a damp cloth to remove dust from the surface. True, some manufacturers in the instructions for use recommend pre-coating them with special primer compositions.

Surfaces covered wood panels or a lath, first of all, it should be cleaned with sandpaper or a sander. Then the wooden base is coated with special wood primers or drying oil. They reduce paint consumption and increase the resistance of wood to fungus and woodworms.

Small defects should be puttied with special compounds designed for finishing wooden parts and surfaces.

Paint selection

The final stage is choosing paint. For coloring interior walls Almost any type of paint composition is suitable. The main thing is that it best suits the taste of the apartment owner. After all, the main purpose of painting walls is to give the room aesthetics and create a cozy atmosphere.

Water-based. The most popular type of coloring compositions today, the main advantage of which is the creation of a film permeable to air. Thus, they do not interfere with the free exchange of gases through the walls of the building.

Latex. Their peculiarity is a flat and smooth surface that protects the walls from the penetration of dampness. This coating is recommended for use in rooms with high humidity levels.

Acrylic. Created based on acrylic resins. It is resistant to abrasion and ultraviolet radiation, and is vapor permeable. Suitable for painting any surfaces: plaster, concrete, wood, metal, as well as for outdoor work.

Oil and nitro enamels. Classic version, used many decades ago, which is distinguished by its strength and durability. Among the disadvantages are the high consumption of material and a persistent chemical smell.

By observing technology and the requirements of building regulations, it is quite possible to make high-quality preparation of walls for painting with your own hands. The main aspect that influences the technology is the characteristics of the surface being processed.

The video shows the process of preparing walls for painting.