No matter what anyone says, unification has always had a positive effect not only on the speed of production, but also on its cost. And the construction industry is no exception. Unification in frame housing construction led to the development of SIP panels and similar enlarged building materials.
The SIP panel itself was invented in 1935 in the USA; insulation was first glued into it in 1952. Since the early 60s of the last century, it began to be mass-produced, which influenced the reduction in the construction time of houses and their price in America, and then in Canada. SIP panel technologies came to Russia in the late 90s.
And this procession, unlike the USA, where tens of millions of square meters Such housing has not yet become a triumph, and its cost is 30-40% higher than abroad. This is partly due to the mentality of our developer, partly due to the high cost of components imported from abroad, the prices of which are used by the rare domestic manufacturers who have mastered the production of similar products. But once upon a time, before releasing our own semi-truck, we also purchased a batch of Ford trucks.
What does a SIP panel consist of and how is it produced?
The design of the SIP panel is extremely simple, which means it is easily repeatable, but the copyright holders and patent holders will not miss theirs, so they factored their interest into the cost of the equipment for its production. And the essence of the technology is to glue between two sheets of OSB (oriented strand board - OSB) a polystyrene foam block PSB-S-25, where C is self-extinguishing, and 25 is density (from 15 to 25 kg/m3). Its thickness ranges from 100 to 200 mm, depending on the type of construction and climate zone where it is being built. Also, thinner panels can be used in the construction of partitions inside a frame house from SIP panels. Along the contour of the panel there are grooves for connecting and fastening bars. It must be said that panels with 100 mm insulation in terms of thermal conductivity correspond to approximately a one and a half meter wall made of solid burnt clay brick, but according to the current Russian standards for middle zone you need 120 mm polystyrene foam. Therefore, most SIP panel manufacturers offer Standard products with 140 mm PSB-S-25 and OSB thickness 10 - 12 mm.
Making SIP panels with your own hands
It is best to cut foam plastic with a nichrome string, to which you must supply direct current from an adjustable transformer (parameters are selected depending on the length and thickness of the wire). Its role can be a car charger or a welding machine.
In the manufacture of SIP panels, one-component polyurethane adhesive is used. On standard equipment, it is applied using 4 dozen nozzles for greater uniformity of distribution. The gluing process itself is carried out under pressure. For this, either vacuum or mechanical presses are used. The number of panel blanks in a stack and the number of glued stacks depend on the parameters of the press.
At home, it is not difficult to make a SIP panel with your own hands. Of the entire chain of technology, it is necessary to highlight only one process for explanation - applying glue and suggest pressing parameters. The rest is not difficult to implement, and a thinking person will also create a couple of devices for the relative positioning of the panel components.
So here's how to apply the glue. Choose almost any polyurethane balloon adhesive for polystyrene foam (the best known one), take a paint sprayer with an upper tank and a 2.5 mm nozzle. From an old professional pistol for polyurethane foam unscrew the assembly for connecting cylinders with a ball valve. Immediately make sure that it is working properly or clean it with a special washing liquid. Make a simple adapter with the appropriate threads and connect them together. Connect to the compressor and get a uniform layer of glue (or foam) adjustable in thickness.
To be fair, it must be said that ordinary professional polyurethane foam will work no worse than glue, but will require a little more skill from you. The grooves in SIP panels are made with a depth of 25 to 40 mm, while the lower and upper trim boards will have exactly this thickness, and the connecting beams will be twice as thick.
Place the resulting sandwich under an evenly distributed load at the rate of 15 - 20 kg/m2 and leave for a couple of hours. The standard panel has an area of 3.11 sq.m. The load can be several wooden beams. As panels are made, add them to the stack, moving the load to the top one - the newly made one. The main thing when laying is not to move the sheets. Tip: Cut 6 pieces of board to the appropriate width and use them as templates during assembly, joining with self-tapping screws.
You will be able to fully use your SIP panels the next day.
On what foundations are SIP panel houses assembled?
Such houses can be mounted on any foundation, and here the main role should be played not by the type of frame formation (in in this case this is platform, American, Canadian, pallet), and the condition of the base is the soil. It is clear if you have swampy soil, the area has complex terrain or is located high groundwater, we recommend screw piles with a powerful wooden bottom frame, or a platform immediately formed on its basis.
If you have soils subject to large frost heave, make a well-insulated floating foundation. It will also serve as a platform on which you can directly install SIP panels by securing the installation board with anchors, which partly serves as the bottom trim.
Under standard conditions, a grillage on poles is best suited for this type of frame.
Floor panels can be assembled directly on it, having previously treated them with a primer. In addition to sufficient strength for such a foundation, there will be one requirement when choosing SIP panel construction technology: ensuring good ventilation of the underground space.
SIP panel assembly technology
The connection of SIP panels to each other is carried out by gluing timber onto polyurethane foam, which fits evenly into their grooves. Fastening of panels to a floor or ceiling platform is also carried out using a tongue-and-groove system, with the role of a tenon being performed by boards of the lower and upper trim of the appropriate sizes.
The bottom board is also called the installation board. Its thickness can be from 25 mm to 40 mm. Corner connections are made according to the same principle, only the installation board is attached to the vertical panel.
As a rule, its thickness is half the thickness of the connecting beam. Fixing parts at seams is most often done using wood screws, less often - nail gun. Design SIP panel house so strong that for the lower and upper trim, as well as corner joints, a 25mm thick board is sufficient.
If you decide to make SIP panels with your own hands, and we tried to convey to you that this is not so difficult, then we hope that you will make the panels of specific sizes and configurations, with ready-made connecting nodes, and you will not need additional trimming on the site. But, if you find it more profitable to buy ready-made panels from the manufacturer, we recommend ordering them to be cut for your project. Many companies sell house kits.
To cut standard SIP panels yourself, you will need at least a large grinder with 230 mm disks, or the same manual one Circular Saw, long thin sharp knife for cutting and a simple device for cutting out foam plastic with a nichrome string (see photo below). Expanded polystyrene is cut to a little more than half the thickness of the connecting beam.
Time frame for assembling a house made from sip panels
Assembly one-story house 2-3 people can easily make SIP panels; it is better to make panels together. The weight of a standard SIP panel with dimensions 2500 x 1250 x 160 is 43 – 44 kg, and with a thickness of 164 (OSP-12) – up to 50 kg. Floor and roof panels are often made longer and narrower for rigidity, or additional beams are glued into them during manufacturing.
From practice, two strong men on the first floor can handle a panel with dimensions of 1250 x 5000. Above that, helpers are needed. Attic or two-storey house assembled by 4 people with the involvement of 2 helpers for a couple of days, if you do not use lifting and transport mechanisms.
And if you have cozy place for the production of SIP panels and a site for their temporary storage, then of all the frame house building systems, this is the most optimal, believe me, believe my experience. A 100-square-meter house without any special architectural frills can be assembled by a team of the above-mentioned composition in a maximum of a week, with measured work in compliance with the hourly standards of labor legislation. And if it is you personally and yours will help you Good friends or relatives, it will take even less time. And you can adapt to the weather.
Below is an accelerated video of the assembly of a house from sip panels - it’s very interesting to see how it looks from the outside.
Dear readers, if you have any questions, please ask them using the form below. We will be glad to communicate with you;)
Residents of Europe and North America have been using structural insulating sip panels for more than fifty years to build strong, warm, durable and environmentally friendly buildings. Recently, houses built according to Canadian technology, have become popular in our country. Today, a large number of construction companies offer their services for the construction of such buildings. Of course, you can hire representatives of one of these many companies for construction, however, you can make a house from vulture panels with your own hands. Self-assembly will significantly reduce the cost of 1 m 2 of a building, without damaging its quality.
Houses made from sip panels have many advantages, however, we will highlight the most significant of them:
- The buildings are different high degree thermal insulation, therefore the cost of heating buildings made of structural insulating sip panels is significantly lower than the cost of heating wooden, concrete or stone houses.
- Good sound insulation guarantees reliable protection from external noise.
- Structures of this type have an increased margin of safety and long term operation, which can exceed 100 years.
- Thanks to the simple joining principle, houses can be assembled very quickly, while perfectly smooth walls and corners lend themselves very well to finishing.
- The probability that this design will shrink, very little.
- The material from which the vulture panels are made is not subject to rotting and is not affected by insects. In addition, the material contains no harmful substances that can harm the health of residents or cause damage to the environment.
Canadian technology is equally successfully used for the construction of real estate of any type. Today, the following are built from sip panels:
- Country houses, country cottages.
- Office buildings.
- Hotel complexes, tourist centers.
- Restaurants, bars, cafes.
- Warehouses, workshops and much more.
Preliminary work
The first thing you need to do before starting construction is to draw up a project for your future home. If you can’t create a project yourself, you can resort to the help of specialists. In addition, it is permissible to use standard projects, which are presented on various Internet resources, or adapt these projects to your requirements, making the necessary adjustments.
- Equally important is the acquisition the necessary tool. At the same time, it is strongly recommended to refuse to purchase a low-quality instrument, because this can lead to various unpredictable negative consequences.
- Strict adherence to safety rules will keep your health intact and will help you efficiently and effectively. fixed time complete construction work in full.
Construction stages
- The construction of a foundation is a mandatory initial stage in the construction process of any building or structure. A house made of vulture panels has a relatively light weight, so in most cases it is advisable to build a foundation on screw piles for such a building. The advantage of this type of foundation is that its construction takes no more than two days, while installation work possible even with negative temperature air. Another positive aspect of using a foundation on screw piles is that its cost is quite low compared to the cost of building other types of foundations.
- After completing the work related to the construction of the foundation, you should proceed to its waterproofing. To do this, use roofing felt, which must be laid in two layers.
- Next you need to lay strapping beam, which will serve as the base for the floor. Laying is carried out on the heads of screw piles in accordance with previously created drawing documentation.
- At the next stage, panels are installed that play the role of flooring. Waterproofing is provided by applied to them outer side layer of bitumen mastic. They must be laid out along the entire perimeter of the future structure and joined in width and length by connecting to the strapping beam using a strong and invisible tongue-and-groove connection. Before the splicing process, each groove is treated with a one-component polyurethane foam sealant. Additionally, screws that need to be screwed into each side of the connection help secure the structure. When the floors are finally assembled, a one-component polyurethane foam sealant should also be applied to their ends, after which the outer parts are sheathed with wooden boards.
- After completing the above steps, you can begin to assemble the walls of the first floor of the house. First of all, it is necessary to install the horizontal frame of the walls along the foundation, i.e. lower wall trim. In this case, work must be performed with special care, strictly adhering to wiring diagram, from which you cannot deviate. Any inaccuracies on at this stage construction can lead to serious problems in the future. You can install sip panels that will serve as the walls of the building when you are ready bottom harness. First, the corner elements are installed, after which the remaining racks and slabs are fastened (installation is carried out from the first corner panel and is carried out in two directions, to the second corner element). During the assembly process, each newly installed slab must be monitored with a special measuring tool - building level, allowing you to determine the amount of deviation from the vertical or horizontal line and, if necessary, correct its position.
- After this, the upper samples are treated with a one-component polyurethane foam sealant, then the upper trim is laid.
- Next comes the installation of the interfloor slab. To do this, slabs with a layer of one-component polyurethane foam sealant pre-applied on them are installed along the entire perimeter of the building on the panels of the first floor, acting as an interfloor ceiling (the same as on the first floor).
- The wall panels of the second floor are mounted and fastened together in the same way as the wall slabs of the first floor of the building. Sometimes the spans of rooms may have big sizes. In this case, it is best to reinforce the interfloor floors with laminated veneer lumber (LVL lumber), which can later be hidden using decorative ceiling finishing, under plasterboard sheets or under a suspended ceiling.
- Roof installation work is the final stage of building a house. It should be noted that the construction of the roof is carried out without a rafter system, because sip panels have a significant margin of safety, thanks to which they are able to withstand high external loads. The principle of connecting roof slabs remains the same as the principle of connecting floor panels. In this case, there is no need to use vapor barriers and waterproofing materials, because the material has good vapor barrier and heat insulating properties.
- After the roof is erected, you can begin to install the roof covering, which can consist of any roofing materials, there are no restrictions in this case.
- Window openings can also have any shape and size.
- Showing into the house engineering communications can be carried out in parallel with interior finishing work.
Sandwich panels were invented not so long ago, but very quickly found their niche in the construction field. Houses made from sip panels are gaining more and more popularity, and there are a great many reasons for this, from the fact that the material protects well from the cold to the extremely short installation time. It’s clear that everyone wants to move into their own home as quickly as possible, but developers sometimes announce unjustifiably high prices for your services. The way out of this situation suggests itself - why not build a house from sip panels with your own hands?
What are sip panels: material characteristics
Sip panels, also known as sandwich panels, appeared in Europe about 50 years ago, but entered the domestic market relatively recently. Their design is very simple: between two wooden slabs there is a layer of polystyrene foam. It acts as heat and sound insulation. The thickness of the “filling” varies depending on the purpose of the panels.
The main factors influencing the choice of panel thickness are the type of building (summer or winter), the type of wall (external or internal) and climatic conditions terrain. On both sides, polystyrene foam is protected by OSB boards made from pressed wood chips.
The panels are attached to each other without gaps, which eliminates the occurrence of cold bridges and increases thermal insulation characteristics. Tight connections are provided by special grooves into which wooden dowels are inserted. The panels have standard widths of 125 cm, 250 cm and 280 cm.
Advantages of sip panels
Frame houses made from sip panels have gained popularity all over the world for a reason. This construction material has a lot of advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional products: bricks, reinforced concrete slabs, blocks, etc.
Unfortunately, it has not yet been possible to invent an impeccable building material that would not have a single drawback. Sip panels are no exception, but its shortcomings can be attributed more to the peculiarities of operation than to serious mistakes.
Opponents of sip panels (yes, there are some) claim that they are highly flammable and generally unsuitable for building houses. However, fires often occur inside, and there panel walls sheathed with non-flammable plasterboard, so the risk that such a building will catch fire like a match is minimized.
There is also a legend that mice and other rodents like to live in sip panels, but no one has yet provided actual evidence of this. The issue of environmental friendliness is also particularly acute, but it also fades away if we remember that many products (meat, fish, poultry, sweets) are often packaged in polystyrene foam containers.
Some argue that panel walls do not protect against noise, but if we take into account the fact that life in a private house excludes the existence of neighbors behind the walls, below and above, then there is no particular source of noise. In addition, external and interior decoration increase soundproofing characteristics.
The only truly justified nuance of using sandwich panels is the arrangement of ventilation. Since the elements are fitted close to each other, the result is completely blank walls that do not allow air to pass through. For this reason, at the stage of creating a project for houses made of sip panels, they immediately take into account the gasket ventilation system.
Choosing a foundation
As we have already said, panel houses do not require a massive, expensive foundation, but mistakes in organizing this issue are quite common. This is because it is necessary to take into account not only the light weight of the house box, but also the properties of the soil, the level of occurrence groundwater and climatic conditions in general.
The best options for foundations for houses made of sandwich panels are:
- screw pile;
- columnar;
- shallow tape;
- monolithic (reinforced concrete slab).
The main danger in the construction of such houses lies in the lateral tangential forces under the building - during the spring heaving of the soil, the foundation may simply come to the surface, and because of this the house will tilt or crack. Whatever foundation you choose, its cost will be about 20% of all construction costs, which is quite a lot. But you should not save at this stage under any circumstances, otherwise subsequent repairs and error correction will take even more money.
Screw piles
The vast majority of experts agree that frame houses According to Canadian technology, it is best to build on a foundation of screw piles. It's comparative new way arrangement of the base, which is characterized by efficiency, simplicity and high speed of installation compared to others. Construction of a foundation on screw piles is 30-40% cheaper than any other, even taking into account the fact that you will need to hire a team of professional builders.
Screw pile represents steel pipe, to which a blade of a special configuration is welded. It has a high load-bearing capacity, since during the process of screwing into the soil the pile does not loosen the soil, but, on the contrary, compacts it with its blades. It goes deep to a level below freezing of the soil, which naturally prevents deformation of the building from heaving.
The service life of such a foundation can be calculated in centuries (usually the manufacturer gives 100 years). But the main advantage is the ventilated underground, which is very useful when using sip panels. In addition, if you ever want to make an extension to your house, you just need to install it next to required quantity piles, and the foundation will work as one, evenly distributing the total load.
Shallow foundation
This type of foundation for houses made of vulture panels is used less frequently and mainly on non-heaving and slightly heaving soils. In other cases, he will “go” in the first spring. For arrangement, the fertile layer of soil (about 30-40 cm) is removed, formwork with reinforcement is arranged and everything is filled with cement mortar.
A shallow foundation can easily support the weight of sip panels. To minimize the risk of deformation from uneven soil heaving, experts recommend installing a gravel-sand cushion before pouring concrete.
To increase strength and durability, the foundation is reinforced with a reinforcement cage.
Concrete pouring should be done at one time, so for efficient work you may need the help of 2-3 people. After pouring, the concrete must be treated with a vibrating plate or at least pierced with a stick in several places to prevent the formation of air voids.
The disadvantage of this method is long period drying of concrete, which can last up to 4 weeks. Also, underground ventilation will not be as good as in the case of piles. For this, special holes are usually made. If you want to make an extension to your house in a few years, building up a shallow foundation will be quite problematic and troublesome. The laying of all communications (electricity, sewerage, water supply) must be organized before pouring concrete, which is also not very convenient.
Monolithic foundation
If your site is located on weak heaving soil, installing a monolithic foundation will be the only the right decision. It represents a whole reinforced concrete slab, which evenly distributes the load from the house onto the ground and does not allow it to deform due to seasonal movements.
Construction principle slab foundation It’s quite simple: remove the fertile layer of soil, make a drainage cushion from sand and crushed stone, fill everything with concrete and strengthen the screed with iron reinforcement.
The only drawback of this type of foundation is the high cost and difficulty in constructing additional extensions in the future.
Columnar foundation
Such a foundation can be considered a “relative” of a pile foundation, but the arrangement will take much more time and effort, although its cost is lower than that of a monolithic or strip foundation. A columnar foundation is suitable for non-heaving and slightly heaving soils.
It consists of pillars located at the intersection points of the walls, at the corners of the future building, in the locations of massive load-bearing beams, piers and at points with heavy load (long walls, for example). The columnar base eliminates the possibility of arranging a basement, but provides additional ventilation for the subfloor, as is the case with piles.
The shape of the pillars can be any, but most often they are made round, because such structures are easiest to place in holes made with a hand drill. Different materials are also used: bricks, wood, concrete. Square pillars are made of brick, but they are inconvenient to place at depth. Therefore, the best option is to build round concrete pillars, reinforced with reinforcement.
Important: columnar foundation cannot be laid in areas with high level groundwater, since in this case the foundation on which the pillars will rest will be fragile and may be washed away by water.
Panel installation
We have mentioned more than once that sip panels are very light, so you don’t need a large one for installation. construction equipment. In fact, the work is very simple and quick, and if it is better to enlist the support of specialists to build the foundation, then it is quite possible to build a house from sip panels on your own.
Important: before starting installation, you should carefully calculate the house made of sip panels in order to stock up necessary materials, including finishing, fasteners, arrangement of the roofing pie. The drawing must show the thickness of the load-bearing and interior walls, laying communications, location of windows and doors.
How to install houses from sip panels:
Sip panel finishing
Construction of houses from sip panels is pleasant not only because of the quick installation time and ease of construction - finishing such structures is a real pleasure! Since the surface of the panels is perfectly flat and smooth, you do not have to spend money on plaster or screed and spend hours leveling walls, floors and ceilings to achieve the desired result for the finishing cladding. Let's consider how you can improve the exterior of a frame house and how to carry out interior decoration.
Interior finishing
Before proceeding with the interior finishing, it is necessary to seal the joints with paint mesh, sand and polish them. Since the panels are monolithic, immediately think about where the communications will be located and make holes for them. In the bathroom, preparation follows a different scenario - the joints are closed not with a mesh, but with a sealant based on silicone or acrylic. The panels on the floor should be completely covered and overlap the walls by about 20 cm, so that if water spills, the wall materials will not get wet.
Any materials can be used for finishing a house made of sip panels. It is recommended to pre-cover the walls with plasterboard. This is necessary not so much for aesthetics (the panels are already smooth), but to enhance the fire safety of the building (we wrote about this above).
Since the floors in such houses do not need leveling and insulation, they can be covered with even the most demanding coverings - laminate, tiles, parquet. In the bathroom and kitchen it is better to make self-leveling acrylic floors to provide additional waterproofing.
Exterior finishing
Some owners prefer not to resort to exterior decoration houses made of sandwich panels - they already look quite beautiful. But to protect the material from dampness, it is recommended to cover it with something.
Most popular options exterior finishing panel houses:
As described in detail in the video, houses made of sip panels are becoming increasingly popular every year. This is explained not so much by fashion as by tangible savings - housing is constantly becoming more expensive, apartments in cities cost more and more, and it is becoming more and more difficult to find your own home.
Why spend crazy money on an apartment with a modest square footage, noisy neighbors and a smoky highway outside the window, when you can build your own spacious and warm house Are sip panels much cheaper?
Houses made of sip panels: photos
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The technology of building houses from SIP panels has been used for several decades in North America. Such construction is also common in Europe. The popularity of this technology is due to the reliability of the design, high speed of construction regardless of weather conditions, and good heat-protective properties. The ease of assembly makes it possible to build a house from SIP panels with your own hands without the involvement of a large team and heavy equipment.
Features of this technology
You can be convinced that this type of construction is feasible by looking at the photo report below on the completed construction work. The information below shows how to build a house from SIP panels yourself.
For complete clarity, it should be noted that the concept of SIP panel came from in English- SIP (Structural Insulated Panel) translates as structural insulated panel (see photo).
Houses made from such sandwich panels cope with both lateral loads (hurricane winds) and the weight of snow on the roof.
The main stages of building a house from SIP panels
If construction is planned on land where there was nothing previously, the placement of a house on the site will be associated solely with the personal preferences of the owners, and with the placement standards regarding land boundaries. If there is a pipeline nearby or sewer drains are installed, care must be taken not to interfere with communications during the construction process.
Markings are made for the foundation.
Construction of the foundation
The light weight of a house made of sandwich panels allows you to minimize the cost of building a foundation. A massive structure is not needed here. Lightweight buildings made from SIP panels can be installed on following types foundations:
- tape;
- pile-screw;
- slab
Of course, you can equip the basement floor.
Here it was decided to build a house without a basement. First, with the help of heavy equipment, they equipped the site and made a small deepening under the foundation. When the recesses are made according to project documentation, arrange the formwork and fill it with concrete mortar.
Cinder blocks are installed on the strip foundation, which are reinforced and filled with concrete.
In this situation, 988 blocks were used. It turns out to be a rather high base of the house. This helps protect your home from moisture and insects. Instead of cinder blocks, you can simply use concrete to fill the base.
Arrangement of the lower level
SIP panels are considered to be very durable. You can easily find a video of a truck driving over such a panel, and it does not deform at all. Therefore, the floor in the house is made from this material. Only first, waterproofing is laid on the foundation. The first panel is placed on it, aligned with the corner of the foundation. The joints between the panels are filled with foam. A connecting key is also installed there. The second panel is attached close to the first. The connecting dowels to which the panels themselves are screwed will add rigidity to the entire structure.
When laying panels, you need to check the level. If there are deviations, they must be eliminated. The end part of the laid panels is covered with strapping boards; foam is used to fasten them. As a result, the floor of the first floor will externally resemble a monolithic panel.
Laying communications
Pre-prepared technological holes are used for laying communications. This is both a water supply system and a sewerage system.
This work must be carried out before laying the finished floor.
Arrangement of internal partitions
Typically, internal partitions are installed simultaneously with the construction of load-bearing walls.
But if there are delays in the delivery of panels, you can install the frame first internal partitions in accordance with the diagrams and drawings of the design documentation.
Installation of SIP panels
The main stage of building a house from SIP panels with your own hands is the installation of the panels themselves.
This material must be fixed without gaps or voids. The more airtight the connection, the more comfortable it will be to live in the house. The joints must be filled with foam. Fastening is carried out with self-tapping screws. It is better to secure the panel to the guide beam on the foundation anchor bolts to eliminate possible shifts during foundation shrinkage. The number of joining seams should be minimal. That's why best option- construction of a house from SIP panels made specifically for a specific project.
When the walls of the first floor are assembled, timber and floor panels are laid.
Roof construction
The Mauerlat is made, a rafter system is installed, on which SIP panels are installed, and the roof is already attached to it. You can see in detail how the roof is installed
The construction of houses from sip panels is a novelty in the domestic construction market. If Europeans have not been surprised by such houses for 50-60 years, then for Russian developers this technology is a reason for heated discussions.
Sip panels are a structure made of an expanded polystyrene layer, enclosed on both sides in an OSB board. The internal heat and sound insulating layer can be of different thicknesses, it all depends on the future purpose of the panels. Thickened sip panels are purchased for installation external walls winter buildings, and thinner panels are used for interior walls or for furnishing summer houses.
Advantages of the technology for building houses from sip panels
The main factor in the high popularity of this material for construction is the proper level of its factory readiness. That is, buying sip panels– the developer buys a product assembled using technology and ready for use. At the construction site, all that remains is to correctly assemble the box of the house itself, which eliminates defects that arise as a result of excessive “independent activity” of the developer.
Advantages of sip panels
In addition, the customer can build a frame house using panels with his own hands, saving quite an impressive amount.
Frame houses do not require a complex, expensive foundation. Installation does not require a lot of manpower - everything can be done with your own hands, besides, you do not need to spend money on ordering special equipment, the panels are easy to carry yourself.
Although frame houses have a significant number of advantages, panels for them are still produced by more than one manufacturer, there are a huge number of them, and each makes panels using its own technology. So the assessment of the quality of the purchased material lies entirely with the buyer.
It is worth paying attention to the level of formaldehyde emission in the slabs - it should be no more than E1 (this level is safe for humans). In addition, the inner layer of the slab should be high-quality self-extinguishing foam, polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam
Despite the fact that the thermal protection of such houses is an advantage, it also has one significant drawback: the house functions like a thermos, because OSB boards, saving energy, do not allow water vapor to pass through. Therefore, frame houses require mechanical ventilation technology. A recuperation unit that removes air from living rooms, and warming up cold air masses coming from the street.
The installation of a ventilation system in such houses is thought out at the design stage, otherwise the elements of the slabs tightly fitted to each other will tightly clog the box of the house, creating unsuitable living conditions inside.
Technology for laying a ventilation system in a house made of sip panels In addition, houses made of sip panels have poor sound insulation. Polystyrene foam and polystyrene foam inside the boards are not soundproofing materials; on the contrary, they conduct well and sometimes increase impact noise.
Of course, if your frame house is located in the wilderness, there is no need to worry about unnecessary noise, but if the house is located in a rather busy place, you will have to strengthen its interior decoration with noise-absorbing material yourself.
How to choose a foundation for a frame house?
Despite the fact that laying the foundation for a house made of sip panels does not require large expenses (about 20% of the total construction budget), you still have to put in some effort and ingenuity. The thing is that the frame of the house has an unusually low weight, plus, it is necessary to take into account the specific characteristics of the soil, climate conditions, and the depth of groundwater of the building site.
The main nuance associated with these houses is seasonal heaving of the soil, after which the entire frame of the house can shift, crack or tilt. The best foundation options for them are:
- Screw piles– a simple, quickly installed, cheap foundation. A screw pile is a steel tube to which a blade is attached, designed to be screwed into the soil. This foundation has a good load bearing capacity, because in the process of screwing the blade into the ground, it does not loosen it, but, on the contrary, compacts it.
- – a rarely used technology. It is unprofitable for developers, because it is suitable only for non-heaving soils, while the rest will provoke its deformation after a season or two. To make such a foundation, you need to remove 40 cm of soil, install formwork with reinforcement and fill it with cement. Main disadvantage For such a foundation, it takes a long time for the concrete pour to dry out (up to a month). In addition, the underground floor of such a house will be much less ventilated than in a pile house.
- – a good option for slightly heaving soils. Its arrangement consists of a thick reinforced concrete slab lying on a bulk cushion. Such a foundation allows you to evenly distribute the load on the ground and protect the house from seasonal shifts.
- - a good option for slightly heaving soil, much cheaper than the monolithic type. Such a foundation is a structure made up of individual slabs located at corner points future box at home, at the junction of rooms and massive load-bearing beams.
How to install panels yourself?
Despite the fact that the procedure for building a frame house is simple and quick, to build it, you will need many auxiliary tools, finishing materials and fasteners.
A careful calculation is made specifically to find out how much material will be spent on construction. This calculation must take into account all door and door locations. window openings, their width and height, as well as the thickness of all external and internal walls of the house and the location of communication networks.
Panel country houses– installation technology Do-it-yourself installation of panel houses is done as follows:
- waterproofing (for example, roofing felt) and a strapping beam impregnated with an antiseptic substance are placed on the existing foundation base;
- starting boards are attached to the strapping beam using screws;
- standard width of sip panels: 125, 250 and 280 cm. They are attached to each other using special grooves into which wooden dowels are inserted. The fastening must take place without any gaps, hermetically, with further blowing of polyurethane foam, so that the future construction does not allow the cold to pass through;
- if the house is on a shallow foundation, the starting boards are attached to composite panels, and not the harness.
Roof laying
Roof panel fastening diagram Building a roof in a panel house is very easy to do with your own hands. Besides the fact that in this case there is no need to do the sheathing, you can roofing pie there is also no need to assemble it, because the sandwich panel is a ready-made element.
You just need to lay the sip panels on the rafters, fix them with self-tapping screws, and, leaving a small ventilation gap, cover with a roof. Best suited bitumen shingles and metal tiles.
In addition, if you have the means and can afford the services of a light crane, assemble the roof on the ground with your own hands, and then install it in place using a crane.
External and internal decoration of the house with vulture panels
Finishing, both internal and external, is done very quickly. Since the panels are smooth and even, finishing cladding does not require preliminary screeding or plastering.
However, before installing drywall and finishing, you need to sand and seal the joints between the panels with paint mesh. In addition, before carrying out any Finishing work, it is necessary to make holes for communications.
In rooms with high humidity (bathroom, toilet), the joints are closed silicone sealant, and sip panels are overlapped in order to protect the wall materials from getting wet. The floors in these rooms need to be additionally waterproofed or even self-leveling acrylic floors should be laid.
Among the exterior finishing methods, the most attractive are:
- thin plastic vinyl siding panels do not rot and perfectly protect from moisture;
- facade plaster– the most common finishing variation;
- corrugated sheet- easy finishing material made of metal, characterized by its strength and resistance to rust;
- fiber cement It is a strong, compressed slab made of cement (more than 90%) and cellulose.
- facade tiles- a cheap and popular material that imitates natural finishing elements.
Thus, having considered all the nuances and features of the construction of houses from sip panels, we can conclude that positive characteristics material prevail over negative ones.
In addition, the constant rise in price of housing, especially apartments in cities, will soon make country frame houses the only option for those wishing to own personal property.
