When there is a well on your site, you need to think about how to collect water. Using an electric pump is one of the most simple ways. It can be used both to fill water into a container and to provide autonomous water supply. But significant drawback is that in the absence of electricity, the pump will be completely useless, so you need to have another option. The solution may be a do-it-yourself well gate.
This device does not require significant effort during operation. In order to make a well lifting mechanism, you don’t have to be an excellent craftsman, the main thing is to have basic physical work skills with simple tools.
Design Features
A well gate is a device designed to extract water from a well. manually. This arrangement is practically not used for a well, given that the diameter of the bucket can in some cases be greater than the diameter of the shaft.
A well winch is essentially the simplest type of winch. It was known to our ancestors, but has not lost its significance even today. Its design has remained virtually unchanged for centuries.
Gate diagram
Do it yourself
You can do all the work yourself. We will need basic plumbing skills if we are talking about wood. Before you make a well gate with your own hands, you need to prepare everything you need. During the work we will need:
The manufacturing process of the classic version
To make a drum, you need to use a flat log or timber. Its shape should be cylindrical. We clear the bark and remove any unevenness using a plane. Since the tree is of interest to insects, it needs to be treated. To do this you need to buy funds.
The next step is to determine the center in the wooden piece. This needs to be done on both sides to drill the holes. Their diameter should be less than the diameter of the circles (they should not fit into the deck freely, but be driven in).
Then you need to cut the metal circle into two parts. The smaller one will serve as a shank, and the larger one will be used as a handle. The piece that will be the handle must be bent accordingly.
It is very important to protect the wooden deck from negative impact atmospheric influence. After some time, the tree may crack and completely fall apart. To prevent this, make metal rings and put them on the edges. We make them from two pieces of tire. Their length should be such as to completely cover the surface of the log and fasten with bolts; you can also use a welding machine. We install them only when the shank and handle are already installed, so that the metal does not interfere with clogging.
Design improvement
The lifting mechanism can be improved. To do this, you need to make caprolon inserts. We make caprolon washers in such a way that their internal diameter is the same as the pin. You need to make holes in the racks at a certain height where we install the washers. Then the gate is installed. Caprolon significantly reduces friction, so getting water out will be much easier.
If it is not possible to use caprolon, bearings will do. These parts will ensure very easy movement of the structure. But for the future, you need to provide oilers for lubrication.
For a handle, not only a curved lever is suitable. Many people approached this issue creatively and installed a steering wheel. It looks very impressive. IN in this case There can be a huge number of options, it all depends on your imagination.
Execution options
The gate that we install on the well can be made of various materials. The length can be different, it all depends on the diameter of the well.
If you don’t have the opportunity to use wood, give preference to metal - there is also the option of such lifting mechanisms. For this we will need a pipe. For the plug, plates are installed on both sides. Their diameter must exceed the cross-section of the pipe. A steel rod needs to be welded to one plate so that the structure rests on the stand, and a handle is installed on the other.
Metal gate
This type of gate is highly durable and durable, especially if it is treated with anti-corrosion substances. There are several options for implementing such a mechanism. We will tell you about one of the simplest and most common.
You can use a small diameter pipe. It will serve as a drum, to which we attach a chain or cable in the middle. Wheels can be welded on both ends. This will give us a two-way gate.
We put a drum on the steel axle, which we secure on both sides with bearings. We weld the wheel on the right side. The use of metal stands is not required for fastening. The thickness of the walls of the steel drum on which we attach the chain is 5 mm. If you or your friend can work well with welding machine, then you can make such a gate very quickly, without putting in much effort.
How to get water from an ordinary well? Right! You need to twist this handle, the chain from this log will unwind, and the bucket will fall into the water. Then, using the same handle, we twist the log and lift the bucket of water. This knowledge is quite enough for a person who sees a well in films, cartoons and illustrations. But the owners summer cottages And country houses Those who want to have an additional water source should know that “this thing” (with a handle and chain) is a gate for a well.
It is a simple device for conveniently lifting well water, regardless of the time of year. Can be used for its intended purpose permanently or serve as a backup option in case of malfunction installed pump. It is also the main part of the well house, which ensures the safety of the structure and protects water from debris.
The finished product can easily be found on sale, but it is much more interesting to make it yourself. You will be surprised, but imagination comes in handy here.
The design of the gate is as simple as possible: cylindrical log on an axis, one end of which serves as a handle, and a chain with a bucket. IN assembled form all this is attached to the racks of the outer part of the well.
To make a gate you will need:
- Wooden blank of cylindrical shape. Usually this is a simple log.
- Two wooden bars or small logs - it all depends on the desired design of the well. You will need to make gate posts.
- A sheet of metal (it is better to choose “stainless steel”) with a thickness of at least 3 mm and a size of about 50x50 mm.
- Household welding machine.
- Hand or electric drill with a set of drills for wood and metal.
- Metal rod for the gate axle and handle.
- Grinder for cutting it into pieces of the desired size.
- Fastening elements – nails.
- A cable with a chain at the end or a chain.
- Pencil, ruler, tape measure.
- Metal bracket.
At first glance, the list looks intimidating, but in reality everything is much simpler.
This is the main stage of work. You need to make some structural elements yourself and bring existing ones into proper condition.
First, you need to decide on the length of the future gate. It should be a few centimeters less than the distance between the posts. 4-8 cm on each side is enough. In this case, the racks can already be installed or at this stage temporarily fixed for measuring work.
Secondly, the log needs to be sanded and treated with a protective impregnation. For the first task, a plane and sandpaper will be useful, and for the second, special antiseptic compounds that prevent wood rotting.
Then, using a drill, you need to drill holes in the center of the end parts. The recommended depth is 12-15 cm, and the diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the rod for the axle.
They are made from a metal rod, which is cut into pieces of the required length using a grinder. It depends on the depth of the hole in the log, the distance between it and the posts, and the method of fastening the gate (on a bushing with a bearing, through). One part of the rod should be longer, since when bent at an angle of 90˚ it will serve as the handle of the lifting mechanism.
The following blanks must be cut from a sheet of metal: two circles equal to the diameter of the end parts of the wooden log, strips 5-7 cm wide. The circles will serve as end discs that strengthen the structure, and the strips will serve as clamps that will prevent the log from cracking and deforming.
A hole is made in the center of the disks for the axial rod, and at a distance of 1.5-2 cm from the edge, holes are made for nails or places for screwing in self-tapping screws are marked.
Alternative: if you do not have a sheet of metal of the required size, then the diameter of the disks can be smaller. These can also be rectangular parts or washers.
Assembling a well gate is a step-by-step process and, in principle, simple. Minimum skills with tools and welding machine required. It is advisable to have an assistant. You also need to mount the racks in advance, making holes in them for installing the gate or securing the bushing with the bearing.
- Axial rods are inserted into the end holes of the wooden deck. Direct! You will bend one of them to create a handle later.
- Metal discs are placed on them close to the wood.
- Using a welding machine, the disk is welded to the rod, but only on the side where it is shorter! You can weld the parts on both sides, but then on one side the gate axis will be inserted into the hole in the post, and on the other it will have to fit into a pre-made recess. This traditional version installation of a lifting structure.
- Hoops made of metal strips are placed on the deck.
Note! This stage must necessarily precede driving nails into the wood or screwing self-tapping screws into it, so that the cylindrical workpiece does not crack.
- Nailing or screwing end disks to the deck.
- Attaching a chain or cable in the center of the gate. This is done using a metal bracket.
- Installation of the structure on racks. If the fastening is planned to be through on both sides, then holes of the appropriate diameter are made in the racks. A short rod with a log placed on it is inserted into one of them. Then a long rod is inserted through the second hole and welded to the disk. The scheme is similar for a bushing with a bearing.
- One of the ends of the axis is bent to accommodate the handle.
- A bucket is hung on a chain.
If you wish, you can continue working and, not limiting yourself to just the racks, make a house for the well.
Interesting ideas for making a well gate
Craftsmen suggest not to be afraid to deviate from the standard gate manufacturing scheme and use everything that comes to hand. You can't do this without imagination. Will come in handy skillful hands. So, regular deck can be turned into a real work of art by carving it.
Or use several small-diameter logs collected in a cylindrical drum.
The handle of the lifting mechanism gives even more scope for imagination. Instead of a bent rod, these can be scraps water pipes filled with sand, an old steering wheel (or a new one made by yourself) and even a bicycle pedal! Of course, in each specific case it is necessary to provide for their reliable fastening.
Making a well gate is not that difficult. This does not require a lot of hands and expensive materials. Budget-friendly, practical, convenient, easy to use - this is exactly what the mechanism you make for lifting water from a well will be.
Using wells as sources clean water on suburban areas has not lost its relevance. For ease of water supply, many sources are equipped electric pumps. This technologically advanced way becomes useless in the event of a power outage or breakdown pumping equipment. A simple and practical gate for a well is a classic lifting mechanism. It does not require power, and if made correctly, it does not require special physical effort to lift a bucket of water.
Types of lifting mechanisms for wells
A well gate is a device for lifting water from a well shaft, shaped like a cylinder. The structure is fixed on an axis rotating in bearings. Rotational movements are performed using a handle or fingers - bars fixed around the perimeter of the gate. A metal chain or cable is attached to the lift, from which the bucket is suspended.
Attention. If the well is public, then to maintain the normal sanitary condition of the source, one bucket is used, permanently attached to a chain.
The second type of lifting mechanism is a crane, a device consisting of a balancer and a counterweight mounted on a support. A pole with a bucket is attached to the long part of the crane, which is lowered into the well shaft. This design allows the water to rise faster, but with a significant depth of the source, a larger device will be required.
Types of lifting devices
Well gate design
The classic version of a well lift is a wooden cylinder mounted on a metal axis with a handle or fixed on steel pins driven into both ends. To make a drum, a log with a diameter of 18-25 cm is taken. The second option is to use a metal structure. The mechanism is fastened above the well shaft. The knob rests on two posts that have a special recess and a fixing element. The second method is to install metal pins into holes drilled in the racks.
Well with a gate
The efficiency of using the mechanism is influenced by some of its parameters:
- Increasing the diameter of the drum leads to a decrease in the number of turns of the crank required to get water from the well.
- The length of the gate handle determines the force required to lift the bucket. The larger the radius of rotation, the easier the work. But if the length is too long, your hand will not be enough to turn the handle.
- The type of door fixation on the posts.
Support nodes
Through-hole mounting
Where metal pins or pipes contact wood posts requires regular lubrication. Completing the procedure will ensure smooth movement of the knob and will allow you to maintain the normal size of the hole. Rotation of metal without sufficient lubrication is accompanied not only by an unpleasant creaking noise, but also gradually increases the diameter of the hole. Expansion of the opening leads to backlash; in such a situation, rotation of the well drum requires great effort.
Caprolon bushings
Prevent production wooden holes will allow the use of caprolon bushings in the design. Polymer material has many advantages over metal analogues of products:
- The service life of caprolon is 2 times longer than that of metal.
- The material is resistant to abrasive particles, chemicals and corrosive processes.
- The polymer is harmless to people, its use is allowed in the food industry.
- Caprolon is wear-resistant and makes the mechanism operate silently and smoothly.
- Polymer bushings are designed for operation in a wide temperature range: from -40 0 to +70 0.
Gate diagram for a well
Bearings
Rotation of the well gate, carried out using bearings, is the most expensive, but effective option. Their use complicates the design, requiring the installation of hubs on the well posts. The use of ball bearings makes the rotation axis particularly easy; lifting a bucket of water does not require significant physical effort.
Wooden gate
The traditional material for well and gate equipment is wood. Rounded logs have always served as the basis for a log house and a lifting mechanism. For self-made gate you will need:
- Log with a diameter of 20-25 cm, length 1-1.2 m.
- Bars 200×200 mm or metal channel for racks – 2 pcs.
- Metal rod with a cross section of 30-35 mm.
- Steel pipe with internal diameter, similar to the size of the log.
- Caprolon bushings – 2 pcs.
- A metal chain, the length of which depends on the depth of the well.
- Sheet of metal with a thickness of 3 mm.
Tools:
- Bulgarian.
- Electric drill with a set of drills.
- Welding machine.
- Tape measure, pencil.
- Sandpaper.
Stages of work:
- A log 10 cm long less than the distance between the posts is sanded with sandpaper until smooth.
Log for the gate - When using wooden blocks as racks, the lumber is treated with an anti-rotting compound. Metal channels are protected from corrosion by paint.
- From metal pipe cut 2 rings 5 cm wide, which are hammered onto the ends of the gate. This part will protect the log from splitting under load.
- The center is marked at the ends of the collar, and holes up to 10 cm deep and 2 cm in diameter are drilled.
- The metal rod is divided into two parts: the first 20 cm is the left support axis, the second 100 cm is the right axis with a handle. One end of the rod is flattened; this part will be driven into the log. A flat area will fit into the wood more easily, and during operation it will prevent the mechanism handle from turning.
Shank and handle for lifting mechanism - To protect the base of the lift above the well from cracking as a result of getting wet, metal circles are attached to the ends of the log. The parts are cut out of a sheet of metal, then 5-6 holes are drilled into them with a drill for fasteners and one in the center for supporting elements. Fixation is carried out using self-tapping screws.
- Parts of the rod are driven into the holes made. For reliable fixation, they are welded to metal disks.
Gate assembly - A bracket is nailed in the middle of the drum to secure the chain on which the bucket for the well is hung.
- Racks bolted connection attached to concrete ring well or to a frame mounted on the head. The level checks the verticality of the structure.
- A hole is drilled in the place where the left axis is installed, and a recess is knocked out for the handle, which is closed at the top wooden part. When installing support axles, caprolon bushings are used.
Information. The gate can be installed by drilling holes in both posts. In this case, the right part of the rod is not welded at the same time as the left; it is first inserted into the hole in the post and then attached to the collar.
One of the options rotary mechanism- collar with fingers. The design involves the use of four support bars used as levers to rotate the gate. The fingers are located opposite each other. Methods for making a handle are limited only by the imagination of the master; it is possible to use a steering wheel. A bicycle pedal or a structure made of plastic pipes.
Gate with handle and fingers
Metal gate
The lift above the well, made of metal, is reliable and durable. Ready-made models of well gates made from this material are offered in various versions:
- A thin pipe with a chain drum attached in the middle. Wheels with handles for rotation are welded at the ends of the structure. The model allows you to use the well spinner from any convenient side.
- The metal drum is placed on a steel axle mounted on two bearings. A wheel with a handle is welded on the right side. The design includes metal racks for fastening. The steel chain drum has a wall thickness of 5 mm.
Models of metal lifts
Make metal structure will not be difficult for craftsmen who are accustomed to working with a welding machine. It will require:
- disk from a car wheel;
- metal pipe of suitable diameter;
- 2 bearings;
- mounting rings with holes.
Advice. Before starting work, the disc is cleaned of rust and dirt, degreased, coated with an anti-corrosion compound and painted. This procedure will extend the life of the homemade gate.
Installation of the lifting device is as follows:
- A metal pipe serving as a rotation axis is bent on one side twice at an angle of 90 0. This will be the gate handle.
- The middle and installation locations of bearings and mounting rings are marked on the pipe. The support unit on the handle side is put on the pipe and fixed to the mark.
- The car disk is put on the structure and welded in the marked place.
- A chain is attached to the disk, which is used to lift water from the well.
- The second support assembly of the ring and bearing is welded at the appropriate mark.
- The structure is installed on supports and secured with bolts through holes in the rings.
Another version of the drum for a well is made from a piece of metal pipe with a diameter of about 200 mm. Disks with holes for a pipe of a smaller cross-section, which is used for rotation, are welded to it at two ends. A thin pipe on the right side is bent to form a handle, and a 5 cm section is left on the left for support. The structure is being painted waterproof composition, attach a chain to lift the bucket and install it on metal supports.
Twist from a metal pipe
Widespread mechanization manual labor may be a reason for someone to refuse to lift buckets of water from the depth of the well with their own hands, which is incorrect, since any, even the most reliable unit, must have a backup manual drive or a device that can replace it during a breakdown or failure planned restoration or maintenance work. The optimal technical solution, the design of which has been established for more than a century, would be to build a gate for a well with your own hands.
Gate design
A well gate is a cylinder on which a chain, cable or rope is wound, holding a container for water, usually a bucket, designed to lift it from the depths of the aquifer.
The parameters that influence the efficiency of lifting a bucket of water are:
- The diameter of the cylinder on which the chain or rope is wound, the larger it is, the fewer number of turns of the handle should be made to lift the bucket.
- The radius of the well gate handle, which determines the force that must be applied to lift the bucket to a height corresponding to the circumference of the cylinder.
- The way in which the well gate rests its axis on seats in racks.
The classic design of a gate for a well, made by hand from scrap materials, is a log with a diameter of 15 to 25 cm with metal pins driven into the ends, one of which is bent twice at a right angle and represents a handle. The simplest support unit involves the rotation of metal pins in holes drilled in wooden posts, or between the plane of the upper cut and the fixing element fixed on top.
Types of well gates
The well gate can be made of various materials, and its cylindrical part can be of different lengths, rotating on an axis and having a chain or rope attachment point positioned exactly above the center of the shaft. Possible options How you can make a gate for a country well with your own hands are:
- a wooden cylinder obtained by manually removing the bark and leveling the unevenness with a plane or using a special machine;
- a metal pipe with ends capped with metal disks of larger diameter, to one of which a simple rod is welded, and a lever is attached to the other end;
- a disk from a car wheel mounted on a pipe of the appropriate diameter and welded to it. In this case, the pipe is the axis of rotation, and a handle for rotation is attached to one of the ends;
- a rack structure attached to several stiffening ribs, which are wooden disks obtained by cutting logs.
When choosing wooden gate, which is the easiest and most accessible to do with your own hands, you should adhere to the following rules:
- The length of the log should be less than the distance between vertical posts by 10 – 15 cm.
- The ends of the cylinder must be fastened with a metal ring, the diameter of which provides a free-press fit, due to which it can be removed, but does not dangle when installed.
- A metal disk with a hub can be attached to the ends of the log, in which the axle shafts of rotation of the gate are secured using fasteners. An alternative is to weld the axle shafts directly to the discs.
- The flattened ends of pipes or rods can simply be hammered into the centers of the ends of the gate, thereby preventing the axle shafts from turning when the handle is rotated.
- To adjust the axial displacement of the gate, bushings should be installed in the spaces between the log and the post on both sides.
How to make a handle
The most common way to make a handle for rotating the gate axis with your own hands is to bend a pipe or rod twice at an angle of 90 0 in the form of the letter “L”, the longer the middle part of which, the less effort will be required to lift the bucket from the depths of the well, and even this can be done child. However, we should not forget that the horizontal part of the handle should be accessible to the person who will use the well, and if it is a child, then its position at the top point should not be higher than human height. In order not to make a mistake with the dimensions of the lever, you should make a drawing of the well, which will indicate the actual height of the head relative to the blind area and the position of the gate's axis of rotation.
Alternative solutions that can be made from scrap materials with your own hands are:
- installation of a ship's wheel or flywheel shut-off valves at the end of the gate axle shaft, through a keyed connection;
- drilling four holes in the body of the gate in increments of 90 0 in order to insert the corresponding number of levers into them with interference and use them to give rotation to the cylinder.
Specifics of support nodes
The simplest friction pair suitable for a well gate, which you can make with your own hands, is the contact of a metal pipe or rod in holes made in wooden posts. Smooth rotation in such a pairing of parts can be achieved by systematically adding grease to the gaps, which will reduce the friction force, facilitate the rotation of the gate and prevent wear. wooden surface. The latter is the most unfavorable because it increases the diameter of the mounting hole, resulting in backlash and making it difficult to rotate the gate axle shafts.
More complex design has a design in which the hole in the struts has a larger size than the caliber of the axle shafts, determined by the outer section of the fluoroplastic bushing. The use of a bushing made of a material that has a minimum coefficient of friction when interacting with metal, fitted into the rack with interference, eliminates the need for lubrication and significantly increases the service life of the support units.
The service life of the friction pairs can be made almost infinite, taking into account the insignificant load, by replacing the bushings with ball bearings, the installation of which will require a hub on both racks, allowing for a press fit on the outer race.
