Sewer pipes, like any equipment, require replacement over time. Nowadays old cast iron pipes are increasingly being replaced with modern ones. PVC products(polyvinyl chloride), which has many advantages over metal.
Polyvinyl chloride is modern material, which has proven itself well in the pipe and fittings market.
Typically, PVC pipes are used when laying sewers (both internal and external), in pressure systems and wells, drainage structures and gravity drainage.
PVC products differ:
- anti-corrosion properties;
- immunity to damage by microorganisms;
- smoothness of the inner surface, which prevents sedimentation and sediment build-up;
- dielectric properties (polyvinyl chloride does not conduct electricity);
- environmental safety, absence of harmful emissions;
- inertness (PVC pipes do not come into chemical contact with the transported medium);
- resistance to temperature changes;
- resistance to barometric loads;
- long service life;
- ease of installation;
- light weight of products;
- large assortment of pipes various purposes and shaped products;
- attractive cost, which is significantly lower than the price of metal ones.
In most cases, PVC pipes running indoors do not require insulation. If such a need arises (for example, during the installation of underground communications or installation in the open air), it is rational to additionally insulate and insulate the pipeline.
Types of PVC sewer pipes and adapters
Depending on which section of the highway the product will be used, there are:
- Lightweight pipes SN-2 are used in areas with the least load: when laying domestic sewerage indoors, as well as in residential areas where there is no traffic load.
- Denser SN-4 pipes are used for laying sewers under roads with moderate traffic.
- Industrial pipes SN-8 are intended for use in neighborhood and city sewerage mains, in production, as well as in areas with intense traffic load.
Every owner wants everything in his household to work, nothing to break, and to be easy to maintain and install. And sewerage is no exception. It needs to require as little attention as possible - it’s very inconvenient if it gets clogged, but it’s no less unpleasant to clean it. If you want to have a trouble-free drainage system, pay attention to plastic sewer pipes. They are gradually replacing cast iron ones, and all because they cost less, are easier to install, have a wide range - different diameters and lengths, almost no deposits form on their smooth walls, and even have a service life of about 50 years. This whole bouquet of properties determines their popularity.
Types of plastic sewer pipes
- polyethylene (PE):
- high pressure (HPP) - for internal wiring sewerage;
- low pressure(HDPE) - can be laid outside, in trenches (they have greater strength);
- polyvinyl chloride (PVC);
- polypropylene (PP)
And further whole line other thermoplastics and their combinations, but they are rare - people prefer to use already known materials.
The material of plastic sewer pipes is selected depending on the application. For example, polypropylene is more suitable for installing sewerage inside a house or apartment. It has a higher operating temperature range - it normally tolerates environments up to 70°C, and for a short time - up to 95°C. If there are different household appliances, which discharges waste hot water into the sewer, this will not be superfluous. PVC pipes having more than low prices, are more appropriate when laying external sewerage— here the wastewater is usually already mixed, so the temperatures are lower and PVC can withstand them without harm (working up to +40°C, short-term increase to 60°C).
Sewer pipes can also be smooth or corrugated. Moreover, not only siphon bends can be corrugated. There are profiled pipes for sewerage with an internal smooth wall and an external ribbed one. They have greater strength - they can better withstand compressive loads (they have increased ring rigidity) and can be buried to great depths. Available in diameters from 110 mm to 1200 mm.
Dimensions and diameters
Sewage plastic pipes, unlike water and gas pipes, are produced in the form of lengths of 50 cm, 100 cm, 200 cm, etc. - up to 600 cm. Maximum length- 12 meters, but some manufacturers can make longer sections upon request. This is convenient when laying long routes - fewer connections, less possible places occurrence of problems (leaks or blockages).
Another important characteristics of plastic pipes are diameter and wall thickness. In the markings they usually go side by side: the numbers are 160 * 4.2. What it means: the outer diameter of the pipe is 160 mm, the wall thickness is 4.2 mm. It’s worth remembering here that manufacturers indicate the outer diameter of plastic pipes, and many calculations and planning require knowing the inner one. It is easy to calculate: subtract twice the wall thickness from the outer wall: 160 mm - 4.2 mm * 2 = 151.6 mm. Calculations and tables usually contain a rounded result - in in this case- 150 mm.
In general, the industry produces plastic pipes for sewerage with a diameter of 25 mm. The maximum cross-section depends on the type of pipe (smooth or corrugated) and the material from which it is made. For example, smooth PVC sewer pipes can have a diameter of up to 630 mm, and profiled two-layer pipes can have a diameter of up to 1200 mm. But these dimensions are of no use to homeowners or apartment dwellers. In private housing construction, diameters up to 100-110 mm are mainly used, rarely up to 160 mm. Sometimes, for a large cottage with a large number of plumbing fixtures, a pipe of 200-250 mm in diameter may be needed.
How to choose a diameter for connecting plumbing fixtures
According to the rules, a calculation must be made; it is fully spelled out in SNiP 2.04.01085. This is a complex matter, a lot of data is required, so few people really think as it should. Over the years, accumulated practice has made it possible to derive the average diameters of polyethylene sewer pipes for each of the plumbing fixtures. You can safely use these developments - all calculations usually come down to these dimensions.
| Name of plumbing fixture | Diameter of plastic sewer pipe | Slope | Distance between central drain and siphon |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bath | 40 mm | 1:30 | 100-130 cm |
| Shower | 40 mm | 1:48 | 150-170 cm |
| Toilet | 100 mm | 1:20 | up to 600 cm |
| Sink | 40 mm | 1:12 | from 0 to 80 cm |
| Bidet | 30-40 mm | 1:20 | 70-100 cm |
| Kitchen sink | 30-40 mm | 1:36 | 130-150 cm |
| Combined drain - bath, sink, shower | 50 mm | 1:48 | 170-230 cm |
| Central riser | 100-110 mm | ||
| Bends from the central riser | 65-75 cm |
As you can see, plastic pipes for sewerage with a diameter of 30-40 mm are mainly used. Only for the toilet is much needed larger size- 100-110 mm. This is due to the peculiarity of its functioning - it is necessary to remove a large amount of water in a short period of time. At the same time, there must be room for air in the pipe, otherwise it will break the water seals on other plumbing fixtures and “aromas” from the sewer will enter the room.
When installing, you need to remember a few more rules:
You also need to remember about insulating or heating the sewer outlet in a private house. Vertical section, which goes from the outlet to the entrance to the trench, must be well insulated. Additionally, they are often used. In the case of sewers, they are usually laid outside and then covered with thermal insulation material.
That's it, that's all. The rules are simple, but if you follow them, everything will work for a long time and without failure.
Features of installation of plastic sewer pipes
Plastic pipes for sewerage, on one side they end with a socket into which a sealing rubber is inserted. The segments are connected simply: a straight edge is inserted into the socket. Since the dimensions are strictly standardized, this is, in principle, sufficient for a hermetically sealed connection. In practice, the O-ring is often additionally coated with silicone plumbing sealant.
When installing sewer plastic pipes, sometimes they have to be cut. Convenient to do with hand saw with a blade for metal - small teeth cut well and leave an almost even edge. You can also use a grinder or jigsaw. In any case, before installing the cut piece, its edge must be treated with fine-grain sandpaper to remove possible burrs and make it smooth. Some piece of waste may get caught on the protruding pieces, and as a result, a blockage may form in this place. Therefore, we carefully smooth out the cut area.
While creating sewer network in a house or apartment it is often necessary to make a branch. There are fittings for this - adapters from one diameter to another, tees, angles with different degrees of rotation, etc.
The parameters and dimensions of plastic sewer pipes depend on their area of application - whether it is an internal pipe or an external one. The outer ones have greater wall thickness, and, consequently, strength. Plastic pipes differ in the material from which they are made:
- Pipes made of polypropylene (PP), the most common option, are produced in accordance with GOST 26996-86, which determines the composition of PP and copolymers. GOST does not establish a specific standard for them “plastic sewer pipes sizes”. But in a market economy standard sizes PP pipes developed independently: the following diameters of sewer plastic pipes are available for sale: 32, 40, 50 and 110 mm; length options: 150, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mm.
- Pipes made of high-density polyethylene (HDP) are produced in accordance with GOST 22689.2-89. Since they are produced wound into coils and cut into pieces of any desired length, GOST establishes only their diameters: 40.50, 90 and 110 mm. PVP pipes are divided into pressure and non-pressure. For pressure pipes, GOST 18599-83 prescribes the diameter of sewer plastic pipes from 10 to 1200 mm.
- Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes. The dimensions of this type of plastic sewer pipe are established by GOST 51613-2000. According to his instructions, PVC pipes should be from 10 to 315 mm in diameter, with a length of 4 to 12 m.
When installing sewer systems, two types of pipes are used - cast iron and plastic. The size of these products is regulated by the Technical Conditions (TU). The standard size, namely diameter, ranges from 50 to 110 mm.
There are products with larger or smaller diameters. From this article you will learn the main parameters that products made of PVC and cast iron have.
They are produced in accordance with TU 2248-022-23208482-02, which allows you to choose an option for any system.
What types of sewer pipes are there?
Today, sewer systems are made from two types of pipes: plastic and metal. Plastic can be of three varieties, from:
Advantages
- Resistant to chemicals such as acids, alkalis, solvents.
- Durability - they can be buried in the ground to a depth of 16 meters.
- Smooth inner surface, which prevents the formation of plaque inside.
- Light weight - the weight of one meter with a diameter of 110 mm will be only 1.5 kilograms.
Metal sewer pipes cannot boast of a large selection of materials; they are produced only from cast iron.
Advantages of cast iron pipes
- Durability - the service life of cast iron products exceeds 60 years.
- Durability - they allow you to install a riser of almost any length.
- Easy installation - the products have a socket, which simplifies installation.
Of course they are very heavy, but this is compensated by their colossal strength.
After familiarizing yourself with the properties of the two types of pipes, you can move on to their sizes.
Plastic pipe sizes
As mentioned above, plastic pipes come in three varieties: PVC, PP, PET. They differ from each other in characteristics, both basic and technical.
And only the sizes remain standard, regardless of the type. Thus, in one system it is possible to use several types from different materials.
Size and PVC application pipes
PVC pipes are produced in accordance with GOST R 51613 - 2000 and VSN 48 - 96. Pressure pipelines are regulated by GOST, and non-pressure pipelines are regulated by construction standards (VSN).
In accordance with building regulations, free-flow pipes have three diameter sizes - 50 mm, 90 mm, 110 mm. The wall thickness is 3.2 mm, length 0.5 - 8 m.
Pressure ones differ significantly from their non-pressure counterparts. The number of standard sizes is 13 pieces, and the diameter varies from 63 mm to 315 mm.
However, despite such a large assortment of plastic pipes, not all are in demand. The most commonly used options are:
- Apart from the most popular options 100 and 110 mm, the 75 mm pipe is very popular. They are used as outlets from bathtubs and showers.
- Pipes with a diameter of 100 and 110 mm are used for the construction of risers and installation of external pipelines.
- 200 and 300 mm pipes are used for the installation of industrial sewerage.
PET sewer pipes
Polyethylene pipes are produced in accordance with GOST 22689.2-89 regulations, and have only 4 varieties. The diameter is 40, 50, 90 or 110 millimeters. If the pipe is made of low-density polyethylene, then its wall thickness will be only 3 mm.
Pipes made of high-pressure PET are produced in smaller diameters, and the wall thickness is: 3 mm for pipes with a diameter of 40 - 50 mm, and 5 mm for a diameter of 90 - 110 mm. The length can vary from 2 to 9 meters, and this directly depends on the diameter of the product. The larger the diameter, the longer the length of the segment.
Polypropylene pipe
Internal pipes made of propylene are produced in accordance with TU 4926-002-88742502-00. In accordance with these conditions, their diameter can be 50, 100 and 150 mm, and the wall thickness from 3 to 5 mm depending on the diameter. Polypropylene products are used both for risers and for outlet lines from plumbing fixtures.
There are also larger polypropylene analogs that are used for laying external drains. For example, products from the well-known brands Pragma and Korsis can have a diameter from 110 mm to 1.2 meters.
Dimensions of cast iron sewer pipes
Functionality is divided into two types:
- SMU – absent plug connection, i.e. both ends are smooth;
- SME - equipped with a bell at one end, smooth at the other.
The size is characterized by the internal diameter, for example: the marking DN 100 means that the diameter inside is 100 mm, and outside it will be 110 mm. Standard markings cast iron pipes - from DN 50 to DN 400. Pipes without sockets, with smooth ends, have increased strength and are produced in lengths of 3 m, and ordinary split ones can be from 15 cm or more.
The wall thickness of cast iron pipes is practically no different from plastic pipes and is 4 - 5 mm. But despite the same dimensions - length, diameter and wall thickness, mass of metal and plastic products differs significantly. For example, 1 meter of cast iron pipe with a diameter of 100 mm weighs 14 kg, and a plastic analogue of the same dimensions will have a mass of no more than 1.5 kg.
In the table below, you can see the recommended diameters of plastic pipes for internal or external sewerage. All data provided are advisory in nature and may change up or down, depending on technical characteristics plumbing fixtures or sewer system.
Sewer plastic pipes: diameters, prices
Every owner wants everything in his household to work, nothing to break, and to be easy to maintain and install. And sewerage is no exception. It needs to require as little attention as possible - it is very inconvenient if it gets clogged, but it is no less unpleasant to clean it. If you want to have a trouble-free drainage system, pay attention to plastic sewer pipes. They are gradually replacing cast iron ones, and all because they cost less, are easier to install, have a wide range - different diameters and lengths, almost no deposits form on their smooth walls, and even have a service life of about 50 years. This whole bouquet of properties determines their popularity.
Plastic sewer pipes are made from various polymers and their compositions
Types of plastic sewer pipes
Products made from different types polymers:
- polyethylene (PE):
- high pressure (HPV) - for internal sewerage distribution;
- low pressure (LDPE) - can be laid outside, in trenches (they have greater strength);
- polyvinyl chloride (PVC);
- polypropylene (PP)
And a number of other thermoplastics and their combinations, but they are rare - people prefer to use already known materials.
The material of plastic sewer pipes is selected depending on the application. For example, polypropylene is more suitable for installing sewerage inside a house or apartment. It has a higher operating temperature range - it normally tolerates environments up to 70°C, and for short periods - up to 95°C. If you have various household appliances that discharge waste hot water into the sewer, this will not be superfluous. PVC pipes, which have lower prices, are more appropriate when laying external sewers - here the drains are usually already mixed, so the temperatures are lower and PVC can withstand them without harm (working up to +40°C, short-term increase to 60°C).
An example of an in-house sewerage system made from plastic pipes
Sewer pipes can also be smooth or corrugated. Moreover, not only siphon bends can be corrugated. There are profiled pipes for sewerage with an internal smooth wall and an external ribbed one. They have greater strength - they can better withstand compressive loads (they have increased ring rigidity) and can be buried to great depths. Available in diameters from 110 mm to 1200 mm.
Dimensions and diameters
Sewage plastic pipes, unlike water and gas pipes, are produced in the form of lengths of 50 cm, 100 cm, 200 cm, etc. - up to 600 cm. The maximum length is 12 meters, but some manufacturers can make longer sections upon request. When laying long routes, this is convenient - there are fewer connections, fewer possible places for problems to arise (leaks or blockages).
Another important characteristics of plastic pipes are diameter and wall thickness. In the markings they usually go side by side: the numbers are 160 * 4.2. What it means: the outer diameter of the pipe is 160 mm, the wall thickness is 4.2 mm. It’s worth remembering here that manufacturers indicate the outer diameter of plastic pipes, and many calculations and planning require knowing the inner one. It is easy to calculate: from the outer wall we subtract twice the wall thickness: 160 mm - 4.2 mm * 2 = 151.6 mm. Calculations and tables usually show a rounded result - in this case - 150 mm.
Parameters of sewer plastic pipes
In general, the industry produces plastic pipes for sewerage with a diameter of 25 mm. The maximum cross-section depends on the type of pipe (smooth or corrugated) and the material from which it is made. For example, smooth PVC sewer pipes can have a diameter of up to 630 mm, and profiled two-layer pipes can have a diameter of up to 1200 mm. But these dimensions are of no use to homeowners or apartment dwellers. In private housing construction, diameters up to 100-110 mm are mainly used, rarely up to 160 mm. Sometimes, for a large cottage with a large number of plumbing fixtures, a pipe of 200-250 mm in diameter may be needed.
How to choose a diameter for connecting plumbing fixtures
According to the rules, a calculation must be made; it is fully spelled out in SNiP 2.04.01085. This is a complex matter, a lot of data is required, so few people really think as it should. Over the years, accumulated practice has made it possible to derive the average diameters of polyethylene sewer pipes for each of the plumbing fixtures. You can safely use these developments - all calculations usually come down to these dimensions.
Plastic pipes for sewerage: sizes and prices
Which plastic sewer pipes to use for which networks, what to pay attention to. How to choose sizes, how to decipher the markings.
Diameter and dimensions of PVC sewer pipes
Have you ever wondered what causes the high demand for PVC sewer pipes?
The thing is that they are easy to install, easy to use and, most importantly, inexpensive.
The modern market offers a wide range of materials with which sewerage can be installed.
And in order to do right choice, you need to have at least minimal knowledge about their characteristics.
Purpose of PVC pipes and main characteristics
The scope of application of this material depends on its physical properties. It doesn’t hurt to know that polyvinyl chloride is one of the representatives of the group of thermoplastics, which after heat treatment and even with mechanical influences retain their shape and integrity. The pipe production process also uses ethylene, stabilized chlorine and additives to improve properties.
The main purpose of PVC pipes is their use in the sewerage system. Depending on their thickness, the scope of use and, accordingly, the type are determined. It could be:
Plastic pipes: orange - for external sewerage, gray - for internal
This classification applies to those models that have undergone appropriate processing. Non-plasticized polyvinyl chloride PVC-U has the best technical characteristics.
Performance properties directly depend on technical characteristics. As for PVC pipes, they are characterized by the following indicators:
- high level mechanical strength, moreover, three-layer manufacturing technology and external corrugation allows it to be installed deeply;
- resistance to negative influence aggressive environment;
- a perfectly smooth wall from the inside, which prevents the retention of solid elements;
- high internal pressure, minimum 6 bar, maximum 16;
- the highest temperature of wastewater that is allowed is +65 degrees Celsius, and the minimum is -10 degrees. There are models that can withstand +90 degrees, but if this happens for a short time;
- specific gravity 2 kg per linear meter(the indicator varies depending on the thickness and diameter);
- the tensile strength is 50 MPa, and the service life is about 50 years.
Features of the diameter and size of sewer pipes
Diameter of PVC sewer pipes
D is the outer diameter of the pipe; Dy- inner diameter pipes; Dр - outer diameter of the socket; Lр - length of the socket; L is the length of the pipe without socket; L1 = L+Lp
Diameter of PVC sewer pipes is the main parameter when choosing them, and this does not depend on whether the sewage system is installed internally or externally. It is worth noting that different pipe sizes mean that they are designed for different tasks. Do not forget that the installation of the sewer system will be easy and correct if you choose the right size.
PVC sewer pipe diameter table
According to the table, a pipe with a diameter of 40 mm at a slope of 1.3 cm should be used to drain the bathtub, then:
- shower - diameter 40 mm, slope 1.48 cm;
- toilet - 100 mm/1.2 cm;
- sink - 40 mm/1.12 cm;
- bidet - 30-40 mm/1.2 cm;
- sink - 30-40 mm/1.36 cm;
- combined drain - 50 mm/1.8 cm;
- central riser - 100 mm;
- bends from the riser - 65-75 mm.
Pipeline parameters include:
- external diameter;
- inner diameter;
- conditional passage - means internal section;
- nominal section.
PVC sewer pipe size chart
The table will help you understand what sizes of PVC sewer pipes there are. You can view it below:
Dimensions of PVC sewer pipes - Table 1
The dimensions of pipes for external sewerage are not regulated in any way; the only recommendation is that its diameter should not be smaller than the circumference of the external main. For example, in private houses pipes with a diameter of 110-250 mm can be used, and in intensive load systems even larger (about 400 mm).
Dimensions of PVC sewer pipes - Table 2
The thickness of the material is also of considerable importance in operation; it depends on the stiffness class to which the pipe belongs. If we talk about wall thickness, then for sewerage installation internal type There are no specific standards, but in gravity systems it is not advisable to use pipes thinner than 1.8 mm.
How to choose the optimal diameter of sewer pipes?
Of course, the availability of PVC pipes of different sizes can be considered an advantage, but for those who encounter them for the first time, certain difficulties may arise when choosing. To avoid misunderstandings, it is important to know that:
- the diameter of the horizontal pipe cannot be less than the riser through which they pass wastewater. This may cause blockages;
- horizontal connections are mounted only with the help of oblique tees and angles, this prevents unnecessary clogging;
- It is mandatory to install an inspection at each turn, which is a special hole for cleaning. In multi-storey buildings they are installed every 3 floors. Even if the area is long (more than 12 m) and deaf, an inspection will still not hurt;
- the optimal slope of the sewer pipe is 1.2 cm;
- cutting hollow objects that are not too wide is quite simple using a hacksaw or grinder.
How to choose the diameter? If you will be using a pipe to drain a dishwasher or washing machine, then its circumference should be 25 mm, and if it is a siphon or shower stall, then 32 mm. On average, sewer pipes installed inside an apartment should be 40-50 mm. Hollow objects are used for the street round section with a diameter of 160-200 mm.
Methods for connecting PVC pipes depending on their diameter
If the pipe circumference does not exceed 63 mm, then the following connection technologies are allowed for their connection:
- socket welding - the principle is to place a smaller object into one that is larger;
- sleeve welding - an additional part in the form of a sleeve is used.
This is what the coupling looks like
Some models have threaded connections, and their use requires flare fittings.
In the case of pipes larger than 63 mm in diameter, the butt welding method is used. No couplings are needed here, however, the reliability of the connection is in no way inferior to similar methods.
Diameter of PVC sewer pipes: size table
The diameter of PVC sewer pipes is the main parameter when choosing them, and this does not depend on whether the sewage system is installed internally or externally.
Dimensions of plastic sewer pipes
Nowadays, plastic pipes have replaced the former cast iron and metal sewer pipes. They are gradually replacing old materials for sewerage installation from use, as they have better technical characteristics.
The advantages of plastic sewer pipes include:
- simplicity and speed of installation: they are easy to cut and connect;
- light weight: easy to transport and move, installation can be easily handled by one person;
- impossibility of damage from corrosion and the absence of roughness on the inside of the pipes, on which decomposition products can gradually build up;
- durability: the manufacturer guarantees a fifty-year service life for plastic sewer pipes, and in reality they will last longer.
- cheap: compared to cast iron and metal, plastic pipes cost mere pennies.
The disadvantages of plastic sewer pipes include:
- increased noise compared to cast iron: this is felt in panel apartment buildings with high sound permeability;
- susceptibility to high temperatures: When the temperature inside the pipe is above ninety degrees, the pipe gradually softens and deforms. But in the sewer system, as a rule, such high temperatures are not created for a long time.
Standards and range
The parameters and dimensions of plastic sewer pipes depend on their area of application - whether it is an internal pipe or an external one. The outer ones have greater wall thickness, and, consequently, strength. Plastic pipes differ in the material from which they are made:
- Pipes made of polypropylene (PP), the most common option, are produced in accordance with GOST 26996-86, which determines the composition of PP and copolymers. GOST does not establish a specific standard for them “plastic sewer pipes sizes”. But in a market economy, the standard sizes of PP pipes have developed independently: the following diameters of sewer plastic pipes are on sale: 32, 40, 50 and 110 mm; length options: 150, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 2000 and 3000 mm.
- Pipes made of high-density polyethylene (HDP) are produced in accordance with GOST 22689.2-89. Since they are produced wound into coils and cut into pieces of any desired length, GOST establishes only their diameters: 40.50, 90 and 110 mm. PVP pipes are divided into pressure and non-pressure. For pressure pipes, GOST 18599-83 prescribes the diameter of sewer plastic pipes from 10 to 1200 mm.
- Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes. The dimensions of this type of plastic sewer pipe are established by GOST 51613-2000. According to his instructions, PVC pipes should be from 10 to 315 mm in diameter, with a length of 4 to 12 m.
Dimensions of plastic sewer pipes: diameters, lengths, manufacturers
Dimensions of plastic sewer pipes: diameters, lengths. Standards and assortment: polypropylene (PP) pipes, high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes
Sewer plastic pipes: dimensions, characteristics, installation features
Plastic sewer pipes in many areas of human activity have today almost completely replaced traditional metal pipes. The first is based on:
The most popular for arranging modern sewer systems are PVC pipes, because they are resistant to aggressive substances found in household and industrial wastewater. Negative Impact elements that are in the ground can also have an impact.
Why use plastic
If we are talking about high-quality plastic pipes for laying sewers, then they have a perfectly smooth surface, so clogging occurs extremely rarely during operation. During installation there is no need to use any special tool; a hacksaw for metal will be enough for cutting, and its fine teeth practically do not form burrs.
Key Features
Sewer plastic pipes are made from complex polymer compounds that are obtained during use latest technologies. This guarantees durability and reliability. If you want to choose especially durable products, then you should prefer metal-polymer sewer pipes.
Plastic pipes are quite easy to install; their installation requires less labor, this applies not only to the inside of the house. Such products are distinguished by excellent throughput, they are easy to bend at a certain angle. You can lay the pipes yourself. They have many advantages, including:
- reasonable cost;
- no need for cathodic protection;
- low thermal conductivity;
- reliable protection against the spread of viruses and bacteria;
- durability;
- resistance to chemical influences, corrosion and external aggressive environments;
- light weight.
Sewage plastic pipes are ready to last more than 50 years. They do not require constant maintenance.
Size information
The products described may have the most different sizes. If we are talking about an impressive diameter, then it is designed for increased load, so such pipes are installed to service buildings of social facilities, cottages and apartment buildings. For example, a diameter of 200 mm is suitable for a hospital, hotel or sauna.
If the diameter is increased to 300 mm, then such a pipe will be suitable for the operation of industrial facilities. In individual construction, small-diameter products are required. A 150 mm riser will not be fully used, even if there are several bathrooms in the house. Square pipes can be used to solve problems of irrigation of household plots. To organize drains from individual appliances such as washbasins, showers and baths, you can use 75 mm pipes.
To ensure the toilet works, it is necessary to use a 100 or 110 mm pipe. When choosing sizes, it is also important to take into account the wall thickness, which will depend on the diameter of the pipe. If the cross-section is 160 mm, then the wall thickness will be 3.9 mm. In this case, a parameter of 110 mm will indicate that the wall thickness is 3 mm.
The weight of the pipe also depends on the diameter. For example, a 160 mm pipe weighs 2 kg, while a 110 mm pipe will weigh 1 kg. Sewage plastic pipes also have a certain length. According to state standards, manufacturers produce separate sections from 1 to 6 m, the step will be 1 m.
Specifications
Plastic sewer pipe, the characteristics of which you should know before purchasing of this product, has a high mechanical strength. This is due to three-layer manufacturing technology and external corrugation. That is why these elements can be installed to a depth of up to 8 m. The pipes are resistant to aggressive environments. This especially applies to PVC-U materials, because they are used for transporting gases and chemical liquids.
The internal pressure will depend on the wall thickness and design, the maximum value can be up to 16 bar, while the minimum is 6 bar. The main disadvantage of these pipes is temperature limitation. The maximum temperature is 65 °C, while the minimum is -10 °C.
Some models allow short-term exposure to temperatures up to +90 °C. The specific gravity may vary depending on the wall thickness and diameter, but on average it is 2 kg per linear meter. At rupture, the maximum tensile strength is 50 MPa.
Characteristics of plastic sewer pipes for indoor installation
The sizes of plastic sewer pipes have been mentioned above. But this parameter cannot be called the only one that you should be interested in when purchasing these products. For example, it is also important to pay attention to the color, which indicates the purpose.
A gray tint indicates that there is a pipe in front of you. internal sewerage. It has smooth walls and is connected by a socket. The most popular sizes are: 32, 40, 50 and 110 mm. The length can vary from 315 to 3000 mm. Taking into account the rigidity conditions, the wall thickness should be selected. However, for gravity systems this parameter cannot be less than 1.8 mm.
Characteristics of pipes for external sewerage
External plastic sewer pipes are usually yellow or orange. They are used for outdoor installation and are used under more severe conditions. This determines that they have their own list of wall thicknesses for each diameter. For example, for a 200 mm diameter the wall thickness will be 3.9 mm. This applies to pipes for light conditions; they are laid to a depth of up to 4 meters.
With the above diameter, the wall thickness will be 4.9 mm if the pipes are operated under average conditions of rigidity and are buried 6 meters. The wall thickness will be increased to 5.9 mm if the burial depth reaches 8 meters and the rigidity conditions are severe.
Cost of sewer plastic pipes
A plastic sewer pipe 50 mm is a product where the diameter is indicated. You will have to pay 94 rubles for the product. In this case, the wall thickness will be 3.2 mm. In this case, we are talking about hardness class SN 4. A plastic sewer pipe 110 mm will cost the consumer 200 rubles. The wall thickness remains the same. With an increase in diameter to 160 mm, the price increases to 579 rubles.
Connection Features
Plastic sewer pipes must be securely sealed and connected to each other. Ultimately, the master must obtain a complete design. For this, universal fittings are used, including:
A tee Y-fitting is used for connection at an angle of 45°C. If it is necessary to form a right angle, a T-Y fitting should be used. If you need to connect a pipe of a larger diameter with a thinner pipe, then a sleeve is put on the socket, which allows you to reduce the diameter.
To avoid blockages, experts recommend using any connections less frequently. Before connecting sewer plastic pipes, the structures should be cleaned; this is necessary when the pipe will be soldered to the socket. If uneven surfaces form on the inner wall, they will collect solids from the drain. When connecting with force, you can use a lubricant such as soap, glycerin or grease.
Carrying out installation
The dimensions of the plastic sewer pipes must be selected before you begin laying the system. Next you need to follow technology. At the first stage, the elements are adjusted, and the master needs to check the correspondence of the slopes and angles. You can make markings so as not to get confused in a large number of nodes.
At the next stage, the elements are connected to each other. It is important to check that the product fits into the socket one third of the seat. However, you should not attach special effort. To ensure tightness, the connections are glued together with a special compound. After applying it, you can put on the fitting. To create a branched system, you can use tees or other distribution elements. After completing the work, it is important to check the tightness of the system within an hour. If no leak is detected, then the installation work was carried out successfully and efficiently.
Features of arranging a sewerage system using plastic pipes
Plastic sewer pipes, the prices for which were mentioned above, must be laid with a certain slope, which will ensure unhindered discharge of waste and wastewater.
If the slope is too great, then build-up will form on the inner walls, which over time will lead to the formation of blockages and traffic jams. If the slope is made smaller or not provided at all, then the wastewater will not leave the house on its own, and the system in this case will be inoperative. Plastic sewer pipes, the prices of which should interest you if you plan to use them when arranging the system, are used in conjunction with metal fan pipe. It is required for ventilation and is installed at a height of four meters. Its diameter usually varies from 50 to 110 mm.
If we are talking about urban multi-storey buildings, where all floors are sewer riser, its diameter must match the outlet pipe from the toilet. This value is 110 mm. In this case, the pipe is routed to the roof, it is left open. It will communicate with the atmosphere and eliminate vacuum, which could lead to the appearance of unpleasant odors.
When assembling the riser, it is important to strengthen the neck of each pipe with a clamp. If a compensating pipe is installed, its fastening is carried out using the same technology. You should not assume that O-rings will suffice for plastic pipes. Over time, they will certainly become loose, and the joints may lose their tightness.
Conclusion
Installation of plastic sewer pipes is quite often carried out under highways. In this case, the system should be located at a depth of one meter or more. If it is no longer possible to deepen the system, then it must be pulled through a reinforced concrete box.
It is important not only to correctly lay the sewage system made of plastic pipes, but also to ensure operation in accordance with the rules. To clean sewer risers, steel wire is used, which is not suitable for plastic structures. This is due to the fact that the wire can scratch the inner walls of the products. Therefore, it is recommended to use a soft cable that is protected by a rubber tip.
Sewer plastic pipes: dimensions, characteristics, installation features
Plastic sewer pipes are made from complex polymer compounds, which are obtained through the use of the latest technologies. This guarantees durability and reliability. If you want to choose especially durable products, then you should prefer metal-polymer sewer pipes.
This article discusses in detail the features of such products as PVC pipes for sewerage: the sizes and prices of plastic elements and additional components used for installing a drainage system. In the text you can find a classification of pipes, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as an overview of catalogs offered by hardware stores. This information can be used to select and purchase PVC products for sewer installation.
The sewerage system is constructed on the basis of pipes, which are an integral part of the system. During operation, these elements are subject to static and dynamic loads, so the selection of products should be approached thoroughly and attention should be paid to the technical characteristics.
Polyvinyl chloride products are widely used for the construction of both internal and external sewerage systems. Among other polymer products, they are considered the most popular and in demand. These cylindrical plastic products are made from polyvinyl chloride thermoplastic. This material has one advantageous property, due to which PVC pipes acquire improved characteristics. The fact is that polyvinyl chloride thermoplastic retains its shape well after heat treatment and extrusion.
According to GOST 51613-2000, free-flow PVC pipes for sewerage are tested for impact strength using the Charpy system. The maximum permissible number of elements that are subject to destruction should not exceed 10%.
Note! A slight change in the length of the elements after heating is allowed, but not more than 5%.
GOST also defines standard sizes of plastic pipes for sewage, as well as maximum deviations from the parameters that are permissible in quality products. Polyvinyl chloride contains two components - stabilized chlorine and ethylene. In order to improve performance characteristics, manufacturers add various additives to thermoplastic mixtures. As a result, under the influence of high pressure, a composite connection with a high margin of safety is obtained.
Why is it profitable to buy PVC pipes for sewerage?
Polymer products have many advantages. Manufacturers have given plastic pipes light weight while maintaining a fairly high level of strength. The cost is affordable for most buyers, so consumers prefer this type of product.
To the number the most important advantages can also be considered beneficial performance characteristics. Inner walls polymer pipes have a smooth surface with a slight presence of longitudinal stripes and waviness, so the likelihood of blockages caused by the accumulation of fecal fractions or growths is extremely low. Plastic is not subject to corrosion and is resistant to aggressive environments.
PVC pipes are ideal for the construction of pressure sewers. Moreover, installation of the system can be done with my own hands. This does not require the use special equipment. Available in a wide variety of sizes and mounting elements, which greatly simplifies the design and installation of pipeline layout.
Products intended for laying external sewers are characterized by frost resistance. The effective operational service life of pipes made from polymers exceeds 50 years. If the installation technology requirements are strictly followed, the sewer line will not be subject to displacement. Docking nodes often diverge when the level of occurrence changes groundwater. But if there were no violations during the installation process, even in such conditions the system of polymer pipes remains sealed.
Important! Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, the performance characteristics of pipes are reduced. Therefore, it is not recommended to store products in places where they will be exposed to direct sunlight.
Types of plumbing pipes and PVC adapters for sewerage
The range of plastic products is very wide, thanks to which consumers can buy plastic pipes for sewerage of any modification and purpose. Taking into account the purpose and operating conditions, three categories of elements for highway construction can be distinguished.
All of them are in full compliance with the main standard sizes. Products with a lightweight design (SN-2) are used for laying sewerage in the pedestrian sidewalk area. The scope of their application also extends to recreation areas with green spaces, as well as areas that are not subject to traffic loads.
Pipes with average parameters (SN-4) are laid in areas where there is little traffic. Heavy type pipes (SN-8) are provided especially for industrial areas. These products are suitable for organizing a sewer system in areas with high traffic flow.
In addition to straight pipes for sewer construction, connecting elements are used. With their help, you can organize turns of the line (fittings equipped with a rubber seal). They are also used to form connections between the toilet and the sewer system from plastic pipes or joints between other elements.
The following types of adapters are available for sale:
- couplings for network maintenance;
- reductions connecting elements with differences in section size;
- tees and crosses for forming the distribution of several pipes;
- rotary bends;
- expansion pipes for repair work.
In addition, you can buy plastic sewer hatches in stores to carry out inspections. These elements are also used for service systems when blockages occur.
PVC pipes for sewerage: sizes and prices of products
The most popular diameter of PVC sewer pipes is 110 mm. Such products are lightweight and do not cause difficulties during installation. Pipes intended for construction outdoor system, can have a two-, one-, or three-layer structure. The outer layer is made of non-plasticized PVC. In three-layer products, the inner layers are made of foam material having a porous structure. It is a recycled product.
The pipe walls are connected simultaneously using “hot” technology. The result is a cylindrical product with monolithic design. Due to the cavities that form between the walls, it is possible to reduce the weight of the pipe.
Classification of products by ring stiffness class:
- L – lightweight products that are laid to a depth of 80-200 cm.
- N – pipes of medium hardness, intended for installation at a depth of 2-6 m.
- S - rigid products with large wall thicknesses that can withstand loads at a depth of up to 8 m.
Helpful advice! To organize an external system, it is recommended to use double-layer pipes with a corrugated structure. Thanks to the presence of stiffeners with outside the strength of products increases.
Ring stiffness is marked with the abbreviation SN. Technical specifications pressure pipes and elements for systems where the movement of wastewater is carried out by gravity are completely different. In each case, the sewerage system is subjected to different loads: pressure pressure or the influence of gravity. For this reason, prices for pressure-type sewer plastic pipes are significantly higher than for elements for gravity systems.
Pressure pipes are available in three variations, able to cope with the influence of pressure of 10, 6 and 12.5 kg per cm².
Dimensions and prices of plastic pipes for sewerage: external system
For the construction of external and internal sewer systems, products of different sections are used.
Typical diameter sizes of plastic pipes for sewerage:
- 110 mm – minimum size sections for external pipes, used for drainage in summer cottages;
- 315 mm - products with this cross-section are intended for the construction of a common sewer system serving several houses;
- 630 mm – pipes with maximum size sections for the construction of a highway capable of serving a small village.
In addition, to work with external system you will need to buy a sewer pumping hose made of polyvinyl chloride.
Prices for fecal hoses:
| Manufacturer | price, rub. |
| Pedrollo TR (10 m) | 1650 |
| Omnigena (100 m) | 2500 |
| Aqua Planet Group (25 m) | 2870 |
Pipes for external sewerage are manufactured in orange color, so they cannot be confused with other product options. Cylindrical elements can have different lengths. The most popular lengths are 0.5, 1 and 2 m. There are other variations, for example, 3 m and 6 m. Some manufacturers have an extended range of sizes. They offer individual elements with a length of 12 cm.
Average prices for PVC products class SN 4 for external sewerage:
| Diameter, mm | Product length, mm | price, rub. |
| 110 | 560 | 95 |
| 1000 | 162 | |
| 2000 | 310 | |
| 3000 | 455 | |
| 4000 | 594 | |
| 6060 | 896 | |
| 125 | 572 | 116 |
| 1072 | 204 | |
| 2072 | 403 | |
| 3072 | 553 | |
| 4072 | 805 | |
| 6072 | 1050 | |
| 160 | 580 | 182 |
| 1000 | 294 | |
| 2000 | 565 | |
| 3000 | 837 | |
| 4000 | 1098 | |
| 6080 | 1662 | |
| 200 | 606 | 230 |
| 1200 | 527 | |
| 2000 | 862 | |
| 3000 | 1274 | |
| 4000 | 1673 | |
| 6090 | 2530 | |
| 315 | 1200 | 1225 |
| 2000 | 1973 | |
| 3000 | 2887 | |
| 4000 | 3917 | |
| 6140 | 5752 |
Price of PVC sewer pipes for internal sewerage
Pipes intended for arranging the internal drainage system are made in gray color. They have low price, since these products are characterized by a light rigidity class and are completely unsuitable for outdoor work. The most popular PVC pipes for sewerage are 50 mm in diameter. Although there are other section sizes on sale - 32, 40 and 110 mm.
The inner walls of gray pipes are smooth. The elements are connected to each other using the “socket” technology. The length varies from 25 cm to 3 m, although non-standard sizes are also found.
Note! The branch connecting the plumbing to the vertical pipe must correspond to the diameter of the riser. The use of a smaller section is not allowed.
To build a drainage system in a bathroom, it is recommended to use pipes with a cross-section of 75 mm. They are suitable for connecting a shower cabin, bidet and washbasin to a public sewer system. They are characterized by a fairly high throughput.
For domestic wastewater, products with a diameter of 50 mm will be sufficient. They are light, elastic and resistant to high temperatures ( hot water) and the influence of chemicals (in case of cleaning the system chemically). To connect the toilet, it is better to take products with a cross-sectional size of 100-110 mm. They will withstand strong pressure because they are particularly durable.
Dimensions and prices of PVC pipes for indoor plumbing:
| Diameter, mm | Product length, mm | price, rub. |
| 32 | 250 | 30 |
| 500 | 45 | |
| 1000 | 60 | |
| 2000 | 105 | |
| 40 | 250 | 32 |
| 500 | 47 | |
| 1000 | 63 | |
| 2000 | 108 | |
| 50 | 250 | 35 |
| 500 | 48 | |
| 750 | 55 | |
| 1000 | 65 | |
| 1500 | 86 | |
| 2000 | 113 | |
| 3000 | 150 | |
| 110 | 250 | 90 |
| 500 | 120 | |
| 1000 | 160 | |
| 2000 | 240 | |
| 3000 | 450 |
Catalog of fittings for PVC sewerage and prices for products
Fittings are used in systems where the wastewater temperature does not exceed 80ºC. The products also withstand short-term removal of waste liquid at temperatures up to 95ºC.
In this case, drainage means:
- Dirty water from the toilet.
- Waste liquid from the shower stall and sink.
- Chemical compositions with a pH level in the range of 2-12.
The following parts are used for internal sewerage:
- couplings (with stop, full bore for repair);
- reduction;
- audits with a cover;
- tees (with an angle of 90, 67, 45º);
- two-plane crosses (with an angle of 90 and 45º);
- plugs;
- single-plane crosses (with an angle of 90 and 45º);
- bends (with an angle of 45, 30 and 90º);
- compensation pipes.
A set of fittings for an external sewer system looks almost the same, although there are certain differences.
The following parts are used for external sewerage:
- standard bends (with an angle of 30, 15, 45, 90 and 67º);
- double-socket bends equipped with rubber rings on both sides;
- standard couplings;
- standard and three-socket tees (the latter option with an angle of 90º);
- single-plane crosses (90º);
- , mounted horizontally with a slope of 2 cm per 1 m of length;
- two-arm siphons.
Average prices for connecting elements for an external system:
| Item type | Diameter, mm | Angle, º | price, rub. |
| Retraction | 110 | 15 | 125 |
| 30 | 125 | ||
| 45 | 130 | ||
| 60 | 150 | ||
| 87 | 130 | ||
| 125 | 45 | 135 | |
| 87 | 135 | ||
| 160 | 15 | 242 | |
| 30 | 264 | ||
| 45 | 295 | ||
| 60 | 315 | ||
| 87 | 367 | ||
| Tee | 110/110 | 45 | 235 |
| 125/110 | 45 | 275 | |
| 125/125 | 45 | 345 | |
| 125/110 | 87 | 355 | |
| 125/125 | 87 | 360 | |
| 160/110 | 45 | 430 | |
| 160/160 | 45 | 590 | |
| 160/110 | 87 | 400 | |
| 160/160 | 87 | 480 | |
| Audit | 110 | - | 480 |
| 125 | - | 500 | |
| 160 | - | 595 | |
| Stub | 110 | - | 48 |
| 125 | - | 100 | |
| 160 | - | 135 | |
| coupling | 110 | - | 107 |
| 125 | - | 110 | |
| 160 | - | 255 | |
| Check valve | 110 | - | 1940 |
| 125 | - | 2500 | |
| 160 | - | 3585 |
Recommendations for installing sewerage from plastic pipes with your own hands
The sewer system in old buildings was primarily made of cast iron. Despite the practicality of this material, sooner or later it needs to be replaced. For the construction of modern risers, more durable and lightweight materials are used.
Helpful advice! When replacing the pipeline, it is possible to organize ventilation, which was absent in old-type systems. This way, it will be possible to eliminate unpleasant sewer odors that may enter the room.
Experts even recommend refusing to use galvanized products, whose lifespan is no more than 10 years, and giving preference to polyvinyl chloride or polypropylene products. The shelf life of polymer elements is 30-50 years.
For dismantling old sewer You will need the following tools:
- large screwdrivers to remove small parts from the system;
- grinders with a metal disc;
- plastic film to cover the pipe opening at the cut;
- nail puller and chisel;
- funds personal protection(glasses, gloves, apron);
- hammer and perforator;
- scrap and grinding machine.
How to make the transition from a cast iron pipe to a plastic sewer: dismantling the old system
First you need to indicate the necessary indents. The first mark is placed at a distance of 10 cm from the ceiling level, and the second mark is placed at a distance of 80 cm from the tee. In the marked areas you need to make cuts using a grinder, with a depth of half the cross-section of the pipe. Place a chisel on the top cut and hit it with a hammer.
A similar procedure must be performed from below. The hammer must be struck with force to crack the cast iron pipe so that the middle section can be removed.
The section of pipe coming from the ceiling must be covered with plastic film.
The lower part of the system consists of a tee and other connecting elements. To dismantle it you will need a crowbar or a nail puller. These tools are necessary to loosen the fixation zones. Once this is done, you can remove the . In some cases, you cannot do without using a hammer drill. It allows you to remove the cement that holds the fasteners in place.
You can use a screwdriver or chisel to chip away the cement. After this, the tee is removed. If this procedure fails, you can use a grinder equipped with a disk designed to work with metal surfaces. In this case, you should step back from the socket by about 3 cm. After dismantling the connections, you should thoroughly clean the areas where they are located from dirt, and then treat the surface with a grinding machine.
Helpful advice! Before starting work, you must notify your neighbors, since you cannot use the toilet or bathroom while the pipeline is being replaced. Otherwise, the water upper floors will pour into the room and flood the neighbors below. For the same reason, all work must be carried out as quickly as possible.
Instructions for installing sewerage from plastic pipes
For execution installation work You will need the following tools and materials:
- pipes with a cross-sectional size of 110 mm;
- outlet tee;
- rubber cuffs designed to seal and secure the fasteners between the PVC pipe and scraps of the cast iron system;
- a pipe providing a transition from a cast iron pipe to a plastic one and vice versa;
- pipe fastenings;
- soap, which will be used as a lubricant to facilitate installation of fasteners;
- vertical building level.
The process of installing plastic pipes is carried out in a similar way, only in reverse order. Rubber sealing collars must be inserted into the sections of cast iron pipes. The adapter is installed from above, the tee must be installed from below. The fixation of all elements must be as tight as possible to ensure the tightness of the sewer system. If the tee moves freely in the connection, it can be sealed using linen tape or silicone-based sealant.
