Why were norms for the distance to buildings and objects from gas pipe? Alas, we often neglect the norms of SNIP, especially on household plots and summer cottages. A particularly disdainful attitude towards the norms is if the threat of a fine is unlikely. But is it the fine?
The standards that specify the distance from the gas pipe are for our safety. Non-compliance or insufficient compliance can result in something worse than penalties. So is life really worth neglecting these indicators, even if it’s not entirely convenient?
Modern standards are suitable for the design of new gas supply systems, as well as the modernization of existing ones. Along them are the main gas outlets for household use do not exceed a pressure of 1.6 MPa. According to the same standards, gas supply is designed in country houses and cottage villages.
These standards are not suitable for gas supply systems of industrial organizations, for example, oil refining companies, ferrous metallurgy and others.
Composition of the gas supply system:
- external pipelines;
- internal;
- equipment and units for control, measurement, gas supply, and system maintenance.
Position
So, let's talk about system design and the distance of system pipes from various objects.
To do this, let us clarify that, according to SNIP, there are two types of gas pipelines:
- underground;
- outer.
Each type has its own distance standards; let’s consider them in more detail.
Underground
The distance from the house to the gas pipe in the embankment cannot be less than 5 m. There are special provisions of SNIP, according to which the distance can be reduced by 50%, but they are regulated by the characteristics of the terrain and the passage of the gas pipeline. For example, laying pipes between houses, arches, in very limited areas, etc.
The distance to the gas pipe from the outer walls of the well, chambers or other equipment of utility networks should not be less than 30 cm. Laying must be carried out in accordance with technical requirements and conditions. Only this can be a guarantee of safety. By the way, this is why independent transfer or organization of the gas supply system is not allowed.
The distance to overhead communication lines, as well as electrical external networks, cannot be less than 2 meters. The same applies to the gap between the gas pipeline and heat transfer channels. The distance from the gas pipe to the fence, taking into account the underground laying of the pipeline in villages, must be at least 50 meters. SNIP provides for a reduction in the gap, but only if certain standards prescribed in the regulations are taken into account.
The depth of laying the gas pipeline must exceed 0.8 m for highways and roads with heavy passenger traffic and 0.6 m for roads with low traffic.
Ground and above ground
Overhead wires are laid along the facades of buildings, on special supports made of materials that do not burn.
The laying location depends on the pressure of the gas pipeline:
- up to 0.6 MPa – wiring is allowed on shelves and trestles, as well as columns, supports and along the walls of industrial buildings;
- up to 0.3 MPa – installation on walls is allowed residential buildings and public buildings of at least 3rd degree of fire resistance.
It is prohibited to lay gas pipelines of any pressure for the purpose of gas transit, according to SNIP:
- along the walls of kindergartens and schools, hospitals and companies that involve large crowds of people;
- for buildings in which the walls consist of panels and have metal cladding with polymer insulation;
- for buildings of categories “A” and “B”.
Medium and high pressure gas pipelines are prohibited from running along the walls of residential buildings. It is also forbidden to run a transit gas pipeline through window openings.
In areas near the ground, pipes must be enclosed in a special case. The horizontal distance to the gas pipe from the ground cannot be less than 35 cm.
The distance from the gas pipe to the chimney must be more than 2 meters outside and not less than a meter inside building. However, this indicator depends on many factors, for example, location, gas supply conditions and pipe configuration, etc.
In room
It is very important to comply with the technical conditions in the room, since it is often caused by emergency situations with gas is precisely household non-compliance with standards. In most cases, polyethylene gas pipes are used in apartments and private houses. Usually they go exclusively to gas stove or oven. But in some houses there is an autonomous gas heating. And here a special boiler is already used.
IN in this case the floor from the pipe must be at a distance of at least 50 cm. The same distance is from the wall to the boiler. The vertical distance to the chimney should not be less than 80 cm inside. The distance of the pipe to the cooking stove is the same. Distance from pipe to socket in small room should not be less than 30 cm.
To secure a building means to secure life. That is why it is important to comply with the rules and regulations specified in SNIP.
5.1.1 The placement of external gas pipelines in relation to buildings, structures and parallel adjacent utility networks should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.07.01, and on the territory industrial enterprises– SNiP II-89.
When laying underground gas pipelines with a pressure of up to 0.6 MPa in cramped conditions (when the distances regulated by regulatory documents are not possible), in certain sections of the route, between buildings and buildings, as well as gas pipelines with a pressure of over 0.6 MPa when they are brought closer together with detached ancillary buildings (buildings without permanent presence of people), it is allowed to reduce the distances specified in SNiP 2.07.01 and SNiP II-89 by up to 50%. In this case, in areas of approach and at a distance of at least 5 m in each direction from these areas, the following should be used:
seamless or electric-welded steel pipes laid in a protective case, with 100% control by physical factory methods welded joints;
polyethylene pipes laid in a protective case, without welded joints or connected by parts with embedded heaters (ZH), or connected by butt welding with 100% control of the joints by physical methods.
When laying gas pipelines at distances corresponding to SNiP 2.07.01, but less than 50 m from railways for general use in the approach area and 5 m in each direction, the laying depth must be at least 2.0 m. Butt welded joints must undergo 100% control by physical methods.
In this case, the wall thickness of steel pipes must be 2–3 mm greater than the calculated one, and polyethylene pipes must have a safety factor of at least 2.8.
5.1.2 The laying of gas pipelines should be provided underground and above ground.
In justified cases, it is allowed to lay gas pipelines above ground along the walls of buildings inside residential courtyards and neighborhoods, as well as in certain sections of the route, including sections of transitions through artificial and natural barriers when crossing underground communications.
Above-ground and above-ground gas pipelines with embankment can be laid in rocky, permafrost soils, wetlands and other difficult soil conditions. The material and dimensions of the embankment should be taken based on thermal engineering calculations, as well as ensuring the stability of the gas pipeline and embankment.
5.1.3 Laying gas pipelines in tunnels, collectors and canals is not permitted. An exception is the laying of steel gas pipelines with a pressure of up to 0.6 MPa in accordance with the requirements of SNiP II-89 on the territory of industrial enterprises, as well as in channels in permafrost soils under roads and railways.
5.1.4 Pipe connections should be permanent. Connections of steel pipes with polyethylene and
in places where fittings, equipment and control and measuring instruments (instruments) are installed. Detachable connections polyethylene pipes with steel in the ground can only be provided if a case with a control tube is installed.
5.1.5 Gas pipelines at the points of entry and exit from the ground, as well as gas pipeline entries into buildings should be enclosed in a case. The space between the wall and the case should be sealed to the full thickness of the structure being crossed. The ends of the case should be sealed with elastic material.
5.1.6 Gas pipeline entries into buildings should be provided directly into the room where gas-using equipment is installed, or into an adjacent room connected by an open opening.
It is not allowed to enter gas pipelines into the premises of the basement and ground floors of buildings, except for gas pipeline inputs natural gas in single-family and semi-detached houses.
5.1.7 Shut-off devices on gas pipelines should be provided:
in front of detached or blocked buildings;
to disconnect risers of residential buildings above five floors;
in front of outdoor gas-using equipment;
in front of gas control points, with the exception of gas distribution points of enterprises, on the gas pipeline branch to which there is a shut-off device at a distance of less than 100 m from the gas distribution point;
at the exit from gas control points connected by gas pipelines;
on branches from gas pipelines to settlements, individual microdistricts, blocks, groups of residential buildings, and when the number of apartments is more than 400, to a separate house, as well as on branches to industrial consumers and boiler houses;
when crossing water barriers with two lines or more, as well as with one line when the width of the water barrier at a low-water horizon is 75 m or more;
at the intersection of railways of the general network and highways of categories I–II, if the shut-off device that ensures the cessation of gas supply at the crossing section is located at a distance from the roads of more than 1000 m.
5.1.8 Switching devices on overhead gas pipelines laid along the walls of buildings and on supports should be placed at a distance (within a radius) from doors and openings window openings no less than:
for gas pipelines low pressure– 0.5 m;
for medium pressure gas pipelines – 1 m;
for high-pressure gas pipelines of category II – 3 m;
for high-pressure gas pipelines of category I – 5 m.
In areas of transit laying of gas pipelines along the walls of buildings, the installation of disconnecting devices is not allowed.
5.2.1 Gas pipelines should be laid at a depth of at least 0.8 m to the top of the gas pipeline or casing. In places where traffic and agricultural machinery are not expected, the depth of laying steel gas pipelines can be at least 0.6 m.
5.2.2 The vertical distance (clear) between the gas pipeline (case) and underground utilities and structures at their intersections should be taken taking into account the requirements of the relevant regulatory documents, but not less than 0.2 m.
5.2.3 At the intersection of gas pipelines with underground communication collectors and channels for various purposes, as well as in places where gas pipelines pass through the walls of gas wells, the gas pipeline should be laid in a case.
The ends of the casing must be brought out at a distance of at least 2 m on both sides from the outer walls of the crossed structures and communications, when crossing the walls of gas wells - at a distance of at least 2 cm. The ends of the casing must be sealed with waterproofing material.
At one end of the case at the top point of the slope (with the exception of places where the walls of the wells intersect), a control tube should be provided that extends under the protective device.
In the interpipe space of the casing and the gas pipeline, it is permitted to lay an operational cable (communications, telemechanics and electrical protection) with a voltage of up to 60 V, intended for servicing gas distribution systems.
5.2.4 Polyethylene pipes used for the construction of gas pipelines must have a safety factor in accordance with GOST R 50838 of at least 2.5.
It is not allowed to lay gas pipelines from polyethylene pipes:
on the territory of settlements at pressure above 0.3 MPa;
outside the territory of settlements at pressure above 0.6 MPa;
for transporting gases containing aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons, as well as the liquid phase of LPG;
when the temperature of the gas pipeline wall under operating conditions is below minus 15 °C.
When using pipes with a safety factor of at least 2.8, it is permitted to lay polyethylene gas pipelines with pressures exceeding 0.3 to 0.6 MPa in settlements with predominantly one- to two-story and cottage residential buildings. In the territory of small rural settlements, it is permitted to lay polyethylene gas pipelines with a pressure of up to 0.6 MPa with a safety factor of at least 2.5. In this case, the laying depth must be at least 0.8 m to the top of the pipe.
5.3.1 Depending on the pressure, overhead gas pipelines should be laid on supports made of non-combustible materials or along the structures of buildings and structures in accordance with Table 3
Table 3
Placement of above-ground gas pipelines | Gas pressure in the gas pipeline, MPa, no more |
1. On free-standing supports, columns, overpasses and shelving | 1.2 (for natural gas); 1.6 (for LPG) |
2. Boiler houses, industrial buildings with premises of categories B, G and D and GNS (GNP) buildings, public and domestic buildings for industrial purposes, as well as built-in and attached roof boiler houses to them: |
|
a) on the walls and roofs of buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance class fire danger SO (according to SNiP 21-01) | |
II degree of fire resistance class C1 and III degree of fire resistance class CO | |
b) on the walls of buildings of Ill degree of fire resistance class C1, IV degree of fire resistance class CO | |
IV degree of fire resistance classes C1 and C2 | |
3. Residential, administrative, public and service buildings, as well as built-in, attached and roof boiler rooms |
|
on the walls of buildings of all degrees of fire resistance | |
in cases of placement of SHRP on the external walls of buildings (only for SHRP) | |
* The gas pressure in the gas pipeline laid on building structures should not exceed the values indicated in table 2 for the corresponding consumers. |
5.3.2 Transit laying of gas pipelines of all pressures along the walls and above the roofs of buildings of children's institutions, hospitals, schools, sanatoriums, public, administrative and domestic buildings with large numbers of people is not allowed.
It is prohibited to lay gas pipelines of all pressures along the walls, above and below rooms of categories A and B, determined by the standards. fire safety, with the exception of GRP buildings.
In justified cases, transit laying of gas pipelines not exceeding average pressure with a diameter of up to 100 mm is permitted along the walls of one residential building not lower than the III degree of fire resistance class CO and at a distance to the roof of at least 0.2 m.
5.3.3 High-pressure gas pipelines should be laid along blank walls and sections of walls or at least 0.5 m above window and doorways upper floors industrial buildings and adjacent administrative and service buildings. The distance from the gas pipeline to the roof of the building must be at least 0.2 m.
Low and medium pressure gas pipelines can also be laid along the frames or mullions of non-opening windows and cross window openings of industrial buildings and boiler houses filled with glass blocks.
5.3.4 The height of laying overhead gas pipelines should be taken in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 11-89.
5.3.5 On pedestrian and automobile bridges built from non-combustible materials, it is permitted to lay gas pipelines with a pressure of up to 0.6 MPa from seamless or electric-welded pipes that have undergone 100% control of factory welded joints by physical methods. Laying gas pipelines over pedestrian and automobile bridges built from flammable materials is not permitted.
5.4.1 Underwater and overwater gas pipelines where they cross water barriers should be placed at a horizontal distance from bridges in accordance with Table 4.
5.4.2 Gas pipelines at underwater crossings should be laid deep into the bottom of the water barriers being crossed. If necessary, based on the results of floating calculations, it is necessary to ballast the pipeline. The elevation of the top of the gas pipeline (ballast, lining) must be at least 0.5 m, and at crossings through navigable and floating rivers - 1.0 m below the predicted bottom profile for a period of 25 years. When carrying out work using directional drilling - at least 2.0 m below the predicted bottom profile.
5.4.3 At underwater crossings the following should be used:
steel pipes with a wall thickness 2 mm greater than the calculated one, but not less than 5 mm;
polyethylene pipes having a standard dimensional ratio of the outer diameter of the pipe to the wall thickness (SDR) of no more than 11 (according to GOST R 50838) with a safety factor of at least 2.5 for transitions up to 25 m wide (at the level of maximum water rise) and not less 2.8 in other cases.
When laying a gas pipeline with a pressure of up to 0.6 MPa using directional drilling, polyethylene pipes with a safety factor of at least 2.5 can be used in all cases.
5.4.4 The height of laying the above-water passage of the gas pipeline from the calculated level of water rise or ice drift according to SNiP 2.01.14 (horizon high waters- GVV or ice drift - GVL) to the bottom of the pipe or span should be taken:
when crossing ravines and gullies - not lower
Table 4
Water obstacles | Bridge type | The horizontal distance between the gas pipeline and the bridge, not less than m, when laying the gas pipeline |
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above the bridge | below the bridge |
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from an overwater gas pipeline with a diameter, mm | from an underwater gas pipeline with a diameter, mm | from the overwater gas pipeline | from an underwater gas pipeline |
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300 or less | 300 or less | all diameters |
|||||
Shipping freezing | All types | ||||||
Shipping anti-freeze | |||||||
Non-navigable freezing | Multi-span | ||||||
Non-navigable anti-freeze | |||||||
Non-navigable for gas pipelines pressure: low medium and high | Single and double span | ||||||
Note – Distances are from overhanging bridge structures. |
0.5 m above GVV 5% probability;
when crossing non-navigable and non-floating rivers - at least 0.2 m above the water supply line and water line of 2% probability, and if there is a crutch boat on the rivers - taking it into account, but not less than 1 m above the water supply line of 1% probability;
when crossing navigable and raftable rivers - no less than the values established by design standards for bridge crossings on navigable rivers.
Shut-off valves should be placed at a distance of at least 10 m from the transition boundaries. The transition boundary is considered to be the place where the gas pipeline crosses the high water horizon with a 10% probability.
5.5.1 The horizontal distances from the places where underground gas pipelines intersect tramways, railways and highways must be no less than:
to bridges and tunnels on public railways, tram tracks, roads of categories I–III, as well as to pedestrian bridges and tunnels through them – 30 m, and for non-public railways, motor roads of categories IV–V and pipes – 15 m ;
to the turnout zone (the beginning of the switches, the tail of the crosses, the points where suction cables are connected to the rails and other track intersections) - 4 m for tram tracks and 20 m for railways;
to the contact network supports – 3m.
It is permitted to reduce these distances in agreement with the organizations in charge of the crossed structures.
5.5.2 Underground gas pipelines of all pressures at intersections with railway and tram tracks, highways of categories I–IV, as well as main city streets should be laid in cases. In other cases, the issue of the need to install cases is decided by the design organization.
Cases must meet the conditions of strength and durability. At one end of the case there should be a control tube extending under the protective device.
5.5.3 The ends of the casings when crossing gas pipelines of public railways should be placed at a distance from them not less than those established by SNiP 32-01. When laying inter-settlement gas pipelines in cramped conditions and gas pipelines on the territory of settlements, it is allowed to reduce this distance to 10 m, provided that an exhaust candle with a sampling device is installed at one end of the case, placed at a distance of at least 50 m from the edge of the roadbed (the axis of the outermost rail at zero marks).
In other cases, the ends of the cases should be located at a distance:
at least 2 m from the outermost rail of tram tracks and 750 mm gauge railways, as well as from the edge of the roadway of streets;
at least 3 m from the edge of the road drainage structure (ditch, ditch, reserve) and from the outermost rail of non-public railways, but not less than 2 m from the base of the embankments.
5.5.4 When gas pipelines cross 1520 mm gauge public railway lines, the gas pipeline laying depth must comply with SNiP 32-01.
In other cases, the depth of laying the gas pipeline from the base of the rail or the top of the road surface, and in the presence of an embankment, from its base to the top of the casing, must meet safety requirements, but be no less than:
during the execution of work open method–1.0 m;
when carrying out work using the method of punching or directional drilling and shield penetration – 1.5 m;
when performing work using the puncture method - 2.5 m.
5.5.5 The thickness of the walls of steel gas pipeline pipes when crossing public railways should be 2–3 mm greater than the calculated one, but not less than 5 mm at distances of 50 m in each direction from the edge of the roadbed (the axis of the outer rail at zero marks) .
For polyethylene gas pipelines in these sections and at the intersections of highways of categories I–Ill, polyethylene pipes of no more than SDR 11 with a safety factor of at least 2.8 should be used.
5.6.1 Gas supply to cities with a population of more than 1 million people. when the seismicity of the area is more than 6 points, as well as cities with a population of more than 100 thousand people. if the seismicity of the area is more than 7 points, it should be provided from two sources or more - main gas distribution stations with their placement on opposite sides of the city. In this case, high and medium pressure gas pipelines should be designed in a loop with their division into sections by shut-off devices.
5.6.2 Crossings of gas pipelines through rivers, ravines and railways in excavations laid in areas with seismicity of more than 7 points, they must be provided above ground. The structures of the supports must ensure the possibility of movements of gas pipelines that occur during an earthquake.
5.6.3 During the construction of underground gas pipelines in seismic areas, in mined and karst areas, at intersections with other underground utilities, at corners of turns of gas pipelines with a bend radius of less than 5 diameters, in places where the network branches, transitions underground laying to above ground, location permanent connections“polyethylene-steel”, as well as within settlements, control tubes should be installed every 50 m in linear sections.
5.6.4 The depth of laying gas pipelines in soils of varying degrees of heaving, as well as in bulk soils, should be taken to the top of the pipe - at least 0.9 of the standard freezing depth, but not less than 1.0 m.
With uniform heaving in pounds, the depth of laying the gas pipeline to the top of the pipe should be:
not less than 0.7 standard freezing depth, but not less than 0.9 m for medium heaving soils;
not less than 0.8 standard freezing depth, but not less than 1.0 m for strongly and excessively heaving soils.
5.6.5 For LPG tank installations with underground tanks in heaving (except slightly heaving), medium and highly swelling soils, provision must be made for above-ground laying of liquid and vapor phase gas pipelines connecting the tanks.
5.6.6 If the seismicity of the area is more than 7 points, in undermined and karst areas, in areas of permafrost, pipes with a safety factor of at least 2.8 should be used for polyethylene gas pipelines. Welded butt joints must undergo 100% control by physical methods.
5.7.1 To restore (reconstruct) worn-out underground steel gas pipelines outside and on the territory of urban and rural settlements, the following should be used:
at pressures up to 0.3 MPa inclusive, pulling polyethylene pipes in the gas pipeline with a safety factor of at least 2.5 without welded joints or connected using parts with a seal, or connected by butt welding using welding equipment high degree automation;
at a pressure from 0.3 to 0.6 MPa inclusive, stretching polyethylene pipes in a gas pipeline without welded joints or connected using parts with welded joints or butt welding using highly automated welding equipment with a safety factor for gas pipelines in settlements of at least 2, 8, and outside settlements – at least 2.5. The space between the polyethylene pipe and the steel worn-out gas pipeline (frame) along the entire length must be filled with sealing (sealing) material ( cement-sand mortar, foam material);
at a pressure of up to 1.2 MPa, cleaned cladding (using Phoenix technology) inner surface gas pipelines using a synthetic fabric hose on a special two-component adhesive, subject to confirmation in the prescribed manner of their suitability for these purposes at the specified pressure or in accordance with standards ( technical specifications); the scope of which extends to this pressure.
5.7.2 Restoration of worn-out steel gas pipelines is carried out without changing the pressure, with an increase or decrease in pressure compared to the existing gas pipeline.
In this case, it is allowed to save:
intersections of restored areas with underground utilities without installing additional casings;
depth of installation of restored gas pipelines;
distances from the restored gas pipeline to buildings, structures and engineering communications according to its actual location, if the pressure of the restored gas pipeline does not change or when the pressure of the restored gas pipeline increases to 0.3 MPa.
Restoring worn-out steel gas pipelines with increasing pressure to high is permitted if the distances to buildings, structures and utilities meet the requirements for a high-pressure gas pipeline.
5.7.3 The ratio of the sizes of polyethylene and steel pipes during reconstruction by the pulling method should be selected based on the possibility of free passage of polyethylene pipes and parts inside steel ones and ensuring the integrity of polyethylene pipes. The ends of the reconstructed sections between the polyethylene and steel pipes must be compacted.
Many owners of dachas and private houses often provoke litigation building houses or any other buildings so that, for example, the neighbor’s “plot” is buried in the shade. But there is a whole list of rules and regulations that provide for distances, lengths, heights and other parameters during the construction and laying of engineering lines (water pipelines, gas pipelines, etc.)
We will present the most common of them during individual construction - knowing them will help you not make mistakes, so that later you do not have to demolish what you built with your own hands and start construction again.
There are regulations for laying utility networks
Furnace
If the standards are not met, gas services may prohibit connection to the gas pipeline. This is what furnaces and kitchens with gas stoves should be like.
- Ceiling height - at least 2.4 m (2.2 m with a boiler power of less than 60 kW).
- The window (necessarily with a window) must have a glazing area of 0.03 square meters. m per 1 cubic. m of room volume, but not less than 0.8 sq. m.
- The volume of the room for 1 boiler is convenient for maintenance, but not less than 7.5 cubic meters. m. For 2 boilers - at least 15 cubic meters. meters
- For installations with a power of more than 60 kW - a gas alarm.
- When installing boilers in ground floors, in free-standing combustion chambers - a gas alarm.
- Size - according to the boiler passport.
The kitchen has its own rules. If the stove is gas, the following requirements are met:
- the distance from the gas meter to the electric meter is at least 0.5 m;
- distance from gas meter to gas appliances– at least 1 m;
- when installing 4-burner stoves, the volume of the room is at least 15 cubic meters. m;
- when installing 2-burner stoves, the volume of the room is at least 8 cubic meters. m;
- ventilation in the kitchen - duct D 200 mm;
- ceiling height – at least 2.2 m.
Standards for underground gas pipeline:
- the distance of the underground gas pipeline to other communications with parallel installation is 1 meter;
- underground distance d. (low pressure) gas pipeline to buildings (sheds, gazebos) - at least 2 meters;
- underground distance d. gas pipeline to wells - at least 1 meter;
- underground distance d. gas pipeline to power lines - at least 1 m;
- underground distance gas pipeline to trees - at least 1.5 meters;
- the distance from the burner to the opposite wall is at least 1 m;
- safe distances from the gas tank to objects on the site.
The system should be located at a distance (in particularly cramped conditions, distances can be halved):
- from a residential building -10 meters;
- from the fence on the foundation and the garage -2 meters;
- from the septic tank - 5 meters;
- from the well -15 meters;
- from a tree with a developed crown -5 meters;
- from the power line - one and a half heights of the support.
Distances between houses and buildings - standards and regulations
The distances between houses are determined by the rules, but can be reduced if lighting standards are observed and if the rooms are not visible from window to window:
- between the long sides of residential buildings with a height of 2-3 floors - at least 15 meters, and a height of 4 floors - at least 20 meters;
- between the long sides and ends of the same buildings with windows made of living rooms– at least 10 meters;
- in estate development areas, the distance from the windows of residential premises (rooms, kitchens and verandas) to the walls of the house and outbuildings (barn, garage, bathhouse) located on neighboring land plots, must be at least 6 meters;
- outbuildings are located from the boundaries of the site at a distance of 1 meter.
It is allowed to block outbuildings in adjacent areas by mutual consent of the homeowners.
At what distance from each other should they be located? network engineering? This table reflects internecine relations.
Network engineering | Distance, m, horizontally to: |
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water supply | domestic sewerage | drainage and rainwater drainage | pressure gas pipelines. MPa (kgf/cm 2) |
||
low to 0.005 (0.05) | middle St. 0.005 (0.05) to 0.3(3) |
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Water pipes | 1.5 | ||||
Domestic sewerage | 0.4 | 0,4 | 1.5 |
||
Storm drain | 1.5 | 0,4 | 0.4 | 1.5 |
|
Gas pipelines pressure, MPa (kgf/cm2): | |||||
low | 0,5 | 0,5 |
|||
average | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0,5 | 0,5 |
|
high: |
|||||
St. 0.3 (3) TO 0.6 (6) | 1,5 | 0,5 | 0,5 |
||
St. 0.6 (6) TO 1.2 (12) | 0,5 | 0,5 |
|||
Power cables | 0,5 | 0.5 | 0,5 | ||
Communication cables | 0.5 | 0,5 | 0,5 | ||
Heating network: |
|||||
from the shell ductless gaskets | 1.5 | ||||
Lawyer's opinion (K. Andreev)
The most common subject of controversy is unauthorized buildings(if there is a construction permit, then it must take into account the standards - SNiP).
The second type of violation is construction on a site that does not belong to the “builder” (this is called squatting). An example would be a fence being moved. According to paragraph 17 of Article 51 town planning code Russian Federation, some objects do not require a building permit: gazebos, sheds.
Permission is required, so it is important what you are actually building: if according to technical passport you have a garage, but in fact a residential building, the construction can be challenged in court.
The third subject of controversy is building that does not meet standards. For example, if a site is intended for gardening, construction standards SNiPZO-02-97 (“Planning and development of territories of gardening associations of citizens. Buildings and structures”) are applied to it. According to paragraph 1.1 of this SNiP, norms and rules apply to the design and construction of houses. You cannot build an 8-story house in a gardening partnership (and such cases do happen) - neighbors have the right to sue, and such a building will be demolished.
If the site is intended for individual housing construction, other standards apply - a set of rules for urban planning, planning and development of urban and rural settlements (version SNiP 2.07.01-89, approved on December 28, 2010). In disputes about non-standard buildings, it is necessary to establish what kind of building is in front of us. An expert arrives, inspects the property and makes a verdict: “This is a garage” or “This is a low-rise building.” It is then decided what regulations the disputed structure falls under, and then the defendants are forced to prove that it complies with the regulations. For fences there is a separate SNiP 30-02-97, clause 6.2. It states that areas should be fenced, taking into account minimal shading of neighboring ones - fences should be lattice, up to one and a half meters high. By decision general meeting gardeners are allowed to install blind fences on the side of the street and driveway.
Claims that are filed for violation of rights are called negatory. The reason for filing them is an obstacle to the use of your land, which is caused by a neighbor (he has illegally invaded your territory and is obscuring it). The owner may demand that all violations be corrected. The statute of limitations in this matter is 3 years from the moment the victim learned of the violation of his rights. This means that it doesn't matter at all when a neighbor moves a fence or builds a house right under your nose. It's important when you found out about it.
