Insulate the roof of a wooden house. Roof insulation from the inside: choose insulation and do the installation yourself

To ensure a reliable roof over your head and a warm and cozy home, a roof alone is not enough. Roof insulation required wooden house from the inside, only it guarantees complete heating of the room, with minimal heat loss. Won't be needed extra expenses for heating: the house will be comfortable in any weather.

Physical processes in the space under the roof

Processes occur under the roof of a house on which the choice of materials for insulation depends: Moisture exchange. Evaporation arising during human activity (breathing, cooking) rises upward to the roof. If there is high-quality insulation of the roof of a wooden house, the level of humidity in the room will be optimal. Heat exchange. The heated air in the room rises to the roof, through which some of the heat escapes outside. A layer of insulation prevents this, maintaining a comfortable temperature inside the house. Condensation. Droplets of moisture are formed when cold air comes into contact with hot air, settling on the roof. This leads to increased humidity, which gradually deteriorates the materials. A layer of high-quality waterproofing can protect you from troubles.

Types of insulation

The structure and type of insulating material will depend on the structure of the roof, pitched or flat. There are several of these in modern construction markets.

Mineral and ecowool

This material It is an insulation material with a fibrous structure. This is an interweaving of thin fibers, between which there are layers of still air. Mineral wool comes in two types. The first, glass wool, is formed from melted quartz glass. The production of the second involves basalt rocks. The resulting material is called stone (basalt) wool. Glass wool as insulation has several positive qualities:

Flexibility. The material is suitable for thermal insulation of areas with complex geometry, without the need for additional cutting.
Ease. Thanks to a small specific gravity glass wool has no effect significant load on the roof, and its installation does not require excessive physical effort.
Elasticity. You can lay glass wool in a space slightly smaller than the insulation block itself. Transporting compactly laid mats is also very convenient due to their elasticity.

In addition to the positive aspects of using this material, there are also disadvantages:

Glass wool is hygroscopic. Therefore it is worth paying attention special attention vapor and waterproofing.
Fiber fragility. Small glass particles coming into contact with the skin cause irritation and an allergic reaction. When working, you will have to use protective equipment (gloves, respirators).
Formaldehyde emission. It is impossible to do without the use of such substances in the production of insulation. But manufacturers of high-quality glass wool are trying to reduce the emission rate. Their products can be used in residential wooden houses and medical institutions.

Basalt wool has a number of advantages over glass wool: The fibers of this material are more flexible, and as a result, they break less. Stone wool does not cause a strong negative reaction in the body. However, it is not advisable to neglect protective measures when working with it. Good vapor permeability. Moist air that hits the material does not stay there, evaporating through the ventilation gaps. Thanks to special processing, basalt material absorbs much less moisture than glass wool. Formaldehyde emissions are kept within normal limits, as evidenced by sanitary certificates with approval for use in residential premises. It’s a good idea to ask for a copy of this document when purchasing insulation. The flexibility of stone wool slabs makes installation convenient. Some manufacturers, such as Rockwool, create a material whose edges are slightly springy. This makes it easier to install between beams and rafters.

The only downside of basalt wool is its higher price.

Another fiber insulation that has appeared on the markets relatively recently is ecowool. It can be based on waste from wood and paper processing. The cellulose content in the material ranges from 80 to 85%. The rest is additives that provide biological stability (boric acid) and fire retardants that reduce fire hazard. Advantages of ecowool:

Eco-friendly. The components of the material are natural.
Resistant to fungi, mold, rotting - thanks to special treatment. Rodents and insects do not settle in ecowool.
This insulation is considered low-flammable. When ignited, it dies out quickly and does not release toxic substances into the air.
Not afraid of moisture. The material is quite hygroscopic, but moisture evaporates from it without causing harm.

There are two ways to insulate a roof with ecowool: dry and wet. In the second case, the material is moistened with an adhesive solution and sprayed onto the slopes. But since the consumption of insulation during such treatment is quite high, ecowool is often sprayed into cavities created by vapor barrier membranes or the inner lining of the attic. Cons:

For spraying even dry, you will need a special installation.
When working with ecowool, you may need the help of an experienced builder.
The process of treating the roof with insulation is quite dusty; you will have to use closed clothing and a respirator.
Despite the reasonable cost, ecowool is quite expensive. The price of the services of the craftsmen is almost equal to the price of the insulation itself.

Features of expanded polystyrene

Extruded polystyrene foam is a synthetic material similar to the familiar polystyrene foam. When using it as insulation, it is worth keeping in mind some features of the material:

Compared to polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam is much more durable.
The insulating properties of the material are also higher.
Expanded polystyrene, thanks to special additives, does not ignite easily and quickly extinguishes in the event of a fire.
This material is durable and resistant to moisture.
Because enough complex technology production, which can only be done by large, trusted companies; low-quality material is almost never found on the markets.

The disadvantage of polystyrene foam is its rigidity. It is difficult to adjust a material with a similar structure to the dimensions of the area; there will inevitably be gaps during installation. They will need to be sealed with foam. Another minus synthetic materials- release of toxic substances during combustion. But if extruded polystyrene foam is almost non-flammable, then polystyrene foam is quite flammable. Therefore, it is not advisable to use it as insulation. One of the most popular brands of synthetic insulation is Penoplex. This name has become a common noun for expanded polystyrene.

Application of polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foam refers to sprayed foam insulation. It fits well on the surface being treated, has no seams that allow cold to pass through, and has a low thermal conductivity coefficient. In addition, the material is almost vapor-proof, which makes it possible to save on vapor barrier. Despite all the advantages, the insulation itself is not cheap. It is synthesized using special installations directly at the place of work. This will require additional costs for calling specialists. You can purchase disposable spraying devices, but they are almost as expensive as calling a team.

Use of expanded clay

Expanded clay is one of the most popular materials for roof insulation in a house made of timber or brick. It is the result of firing clay at high temperature in a special oven. There are three types of expanded clay, differing in size:

expanded clay gravel (5–40 mm);
expanded clay crushed stone (crushed granules, 5–40 mm);
expanded clay sand (up to 5 mm).

You can use material from several fractions at once. But the advice to insulate the roof with gravel is found among professionals more often than others. Positive properties of this type of thermal insulation:

the bulk material has no seams and does not require fastenings;
expanded clay is environmentally friendly, it does not emit toxic fumes;
the material is not destroyed by mice or insects;
expanded clay is fireproof;
heat losses when using it are significantly reduced;
The sound insulation of the room is improved.

The disadvantages of bulk insulation are its weight, which puts additional load on supporting structures, the material’s abundant absorption of moisture and its fragility, which leads to damage to the integrity of the granules. This leads to a decrease in the level of thermal insulation.

Features of sprayed materials

Foam sprayed compounds characterized by low thermal conductivity are considered one of the most convenient and practical:

Polyurethane foam - polyurethane foam sealant in aerosol packages.
Penoizol - “liquid foam”.
Sprayed polyurethane.

Advantages of using sprayed materials:

High-quality adhesion. The fit to the material is very tight, without gaps.
No cold bridges, joints or seams.
Convenient for processing difficult areas.
Quick application of the composition.
Improving the sound insulation of the room.
Ease. These materials do not place additional load on the roof.
Immunity to pathogenic microflora. Also, insects will not grow in this insulation.

Foam insulation has good contact not only with wood, but also with metal, additionally protecting it from corrosion. Cons:

Application of foam insulation may require special skills and equipment, which will result in additional costs.
The price of the material itself is quite high.
The components used to obtain the sprayed composition release toxins into the air, so you will need products when working personal protection. After the composition hardens, it becomes harmless.

Structure of insulation layers

There is such a thing as “insulation pie” or “roofing pie”. This is a combination of protective layers that provide room comfort. All layers in this “pie” go in a certain sequence. Each of them has its own function:

overheat protection;
preventing precipitation;
protection against accumulation of condensate in the roof;
retention of warm air in the room.

The sequence of arrangement of insulation layers from the attic to the roof:

Vapor barrier. Protects the roof from moisture evaporating inside the house.
Thermal insulation. This layer retains air, which in turn retains heat.
Waterproofing. A layer that prevents precipitation from getting on the insulation.

Methods for thermal insulation

Depending on the type of roof, its insulation can be carried out in two ways. Insulation flat roof They start by lining the ceilings with a vapor barrier film. The joints are taped with tape. Then the insulation is laid. As waterproofing, you can take roofing felt and cover it with a heat-insulating layer with an overlap of 10 cm. Additionally, add a layer of expanded clay for sound insulation. If the ceiling height allows, you can insulate the roof from the inside of a wooden house - this applies to buildings with flat roof. To do this, a sheathing is attached to the ceiling, and a vapor barrier is placed on top. Insulation boards are laid under it. The bottom of the sheathing is sheathed with decorative material. Before proceeding with the installation of thermal insulation of the ceiling from the inside, it is necessary to calculate the dew point and eliminate the possibility of condensation getting on the insulation.

When installing an attic pitched roof External walls and the bottom of the roof should be insulated. The inside of the roof is insulated by covering the rafters and the space between them with a waterproofing film. Secure the film with a stapler. Then insulation is laid between the beams. It needs to be covered with a layer of vapor barrier material and final finishing plasterboard, clapboard or other finishing material. Insulation mansard roof It begins with laying a waterproofing film, onto which counter-battens are placed for ventilation. Then the insulation is tightly laid. The bottom layer will be waterproofing material taped at the joints. Next comes the finishing material.

Technology of work execution

Having become familiar with the technology of performing the work and learning how to properly insulate a roof, it no longer seems difficult to do it yourself. A minimum of construction skills and high-quality materials for work will help you cope with this task. It is best to insulate the roof during construction. old roof it is advisable to remove it. If this is not possible, it may be difficult to install materials between the rafters.

Calculation of insulation thickness

α in = (R 0 in -0.16) λ in This is the formula for calculating the required thickness of insulation, where: α in is the thickness of the insulation, m. R 0 in is the reduced heat transfer resistance of the coating, m 2 °C/W, the higher it is, the better the thermal insulation properties of the material and the less it will be needed. The value can be found in the tables; it depends on the location of the locality where the premises are located. λ ut - thermal conductivity coefficient of insulation, W/(m °C), it is indicated by the manufacturer on the material. By substituting certain values into the formula, you can calculate what optimal thickness insulation for the roof.

Cutting materials

Fiber insulation boards are cut (you can do this with a construction knife) so that they fit snugly against the rafters. To do this, leave an additional allowance of 10–15 mm. Stiffer polymer boards are cut exactly to size.

Waterproofing

Both a diffuse membrane and a simple waterproofing film can be used as a water barrier. In both cases, condensation is retained on the material. But it settles on the film from the insulation side, and on the membrane from the outer, roofing side. The advantage of a diffuse membrane is obvious, so it is recommended to use it. The waterproofing material is laid with the moisture-proof side up. You need to start from the bottom, moving towards the top of the roof. The membrane must be laid with an overlap of 10–15 cm, gluing the joints with tape. There is no need to strongly stretch the material so that it does not get damaged due to slight deformation, which is inevitable in the winter cold. For one meter it is enough to leave a margin of about two centimeters. The waterproofing is attached to the rafters using a construction stapler. Ventilation slats are attached on top of the membrane using galvanized self-tapping screws.

Installation of insulation

If fibrous material is used as insulation, it must be laid out on flat surface and leave until the original shape is taken. Then cut the material. The resulting fragments are laid between the rafters. To straighten the edges that were bent during installation, you need to press on the middle of the insulation sheet. You can spray polyurethane foam or other similar material between the rafters. There are special cylinders with foaming compounds on sale.

Vapor barrier device

Vapor barrier material can be laid either vertically or horizontally. In the second case, installation begins from the top. Each layer is applied to the previous one with an overlap of 10 cm. The seams are sealed with tape. Installation is carried out using a stapler or galvanized nails. Afterwards, you can fill the slats for ventilation and proceed to installing the outer covering of the attic. Competent choice of insulation and its correct styling They will save not only the warmth and comfort of your home, but also money on heating. In addition, a protected roof will last longer, without repairs or additional treatments.

Experienced builders know it's best to think things through technological issues regarding the roof structure at the stage of creating a private wooden house project. Exact plan construction work allows you to efficiently and quickly insulate the external insulation of the slope, if required. In real conditions, you often have to insulate the roof from the inside with your own hands after completing the roof installation. In this article we will talk about the internal thermal insulation of slopes, how much it costs, and how it is done.

Internal thermal insulation is the process of home insulation from the attic side using materials that have low thermal conductivity. This optimization measure temperature regime wooden private house is used only if roofing work have already been completed, since the slopes can be covered with insulation without dismantling roofing impossible. Internal method installation of thermal insulation materials has the following features:

The minimum thickness of the insulation layer to stop heat loss through the slope is 150 mm. Therefore, insulating the roof from the inside reduces usable area under-roof space, which is considered a drawback in the equipment residential attics private wooden house.
The insulation during internal thermal insulation of the roof is located directly under the wall lining material, so more vapors saturated with moisture penetrate into it, despite the vapor barrier layer. For this reason, the material gets wet, losing its thermal insulation properties, and then wrinkles and settles.
Roof insulation from the inside is considered less in a convenient way, since when installing the slab of thermal insulation material, you have to hold it above your head. The difficulty of the work significantly increases the cost of internal insulation of the roof of a private wooden house.
The internal thermal insulation of the slopes allows the use of only the safest materials that do not harm human health during installation and operation. Considering how much environmentally friendly and hypoallergenic insulation costs, external thermal insulation would cost 1.5-2 times less.

Pay attention! Thermo insulating materials to insulate the roof of a private wooden house, it is used in combination with waterproofing and vapor barrier membranes or films. Since without protection from the penetration of moisture or steam, they quickly become damp, which increases thermal conductivity and sharply reduces the effectiveness of insulation. For heated mansard roofs, in which these processes occur more intensely, professional builders recommend using forced ventilation.

Materials

The modern construction market has hundreds of different types of insulation, cost and performance characteristics differ significantly. Vapor-permeable, moisture-resistant and non-flammable materials with low thermal conductivity are suitable for thermal insulation of the roof of a private house made of wood. The most commonly used types of insulation are:

Mineral wool. A fibrous material produced in the form of rolls, mats or slabs, the composition of which is based on threads of glass, gabbro-basalt or slag. Low cost, fire resistance, efficiency and ease of installation make these insulation materials the most convenient for doing the work yourself. The only drawback is that small particles that get on the skin, respiratory tract, or mucous membranes cause severe irritation. Therefore, installation is carried out in full equipment - with safety glasses, gloves, a respirator and a robe.
Expanded polystyrene. Insulation based on polystyrene foam is known to most people as polystyrene foam. It is often used for internal insulation stingrays, due to their light weight, high degree protection from moisture and low thermal conductivity. Foamed polystyrene foam is called polystyrene foam, in which air occupies more than 95%. Thermal insulation materials based on polystyrene foam are easy to install, they are easy to cut and fasten, however, they almost do not allow steam to pass through, which during internal insulation causes dampness in the room. This negative effect of using polystyrene foam can be reduced by using forced ventilation system equipment.
Polyurethane foam. Polyurethane foam is produced in the form of panels or a liquid mixture, which is foamed using a special installation that supplies carbon dioxide, and in this form is applied to the inner surface of the slope. This type of insulation is often used for roof thermal insulation, however, it has significant drawback– complete vapor tightness. This property excludes the possibility of using this material for insulation. wooden houses. In addition, due to the use of expensive installation, polyurethane foam installation is rarely done with one’s own hands.

Important! Use inside a residential building tightens the safety requirements for insulation for the health of home occupants. Ecowool is one of the tested safe materials. It consists of cellulose or flax fiber with the addition of antiseptic substances and fire retardants. Ecowool has thermal insulation and noise-reducing characteristics similar to mineral wool.

Installation methods

Installing thermal insulation material from the inside is more difficult and takes longer than from the outside when laying the roofing. However, if the roof is already ready, then homeowners have no other choice. To insulate the slope you will need insulation, vapor barrier membrane, construction stapler, sharp knife, marker, wooden slats, screwdriver and screws. There are two methods of internal thermal insulation:

Important! If the angle of the roof slopes is 25 degrees or less, problems may arise with laying insulation between the rafters, since the slabs will simply fall out of the opening under their own weight. To hold the material on the slope, it is secured with slats or fishing line stretched perpendicular to the rafters in several rows.

Video instructions

A house built and furnished with one’s own hands is the real pride of any owner. An integral stage in the arrangement of any residential building is the internal insulation of the roof. And if in most cases no problems arise with the thermal insulation of walls, then the insulation of the roof structure can confuse an untrained craftsman. Therefore, before starting the practical part, study all the theoretical recommendations proposed below.

After installing the insulation and all related elements, the roofing system will look like a layer cake. The design is based on a rafter system. All other elements are laid and secured onto it.

Modern roofing “pie”

IN classic version The layers of the pie, starting from the finishing roofing covering, are placed as follows:

roofing;
lathing for installation of finishing material. Can be solid or sparse;
counter-lattice bars. Needed to create a ventilation gap under the roofing material;
waterproofing film;
thermal insulation material;
vapor barrier material;
lathing for installation of insulating materials and internal cladding;
inner lining material.

A properly installed roofing pie will significantly reduce heat loss in cold weather and prevent overheating of the space under the roof in hot weather. Waterproofing will protect the insulation from atmospheric moisture, and the vapor barrier material will prevent the formation of condensation and the occurrence of all the accompanying problems.

How to insulate?

On modern market presented huge assortment materials that can be successfully used for internal roof insulation. Try to avoid excessive savings - materials must be of high quality.

Insulation parameters

When choosing a suitable insulation, you need to pay attention to a number of basic characteristics of the material, namely:

weight. The heavier the insulation, the more significant load it will place on the roof. This imposes a number of additional requirements on the rafters and sheathing - their configuration and strength must correspond to the characteristics of thermal insulation;
thermal conductivity. It is better for this parameter to be as low as possible, if possible no more than 0.04 W/m*C;
resistance to adverse external influences.

Preferred insulation materials

Not many materials meet the above requirements. Among all the existing insulation options, professionals recommend giving preference to mineral wool insulators and foam panels. All other things being equal, mineral wool is more preferable.

Additional insulation materials

In combination with insulation, the roof will need to be additionally insulated using vapor and moisture insulation materials. For roof waterproofing, polyethylene and roofing felt are usually used. These materials are highly resistant to moisture.

The vapor barrier layer is best equipped using special membranes, glassine or modern foil materials.

Regardless of the chosen insulation (installation is still carried out in the same sequence), during the work process you must adhere to a number of basic recommendations, without which you cannot count on high-quality internal insulation of the roof.

All the rules can be combined into one brief summary of tips, namely:

Thus, even before starting thermal insulation work, the master needs to study a fairly large amount of information and remember a number of important requirements. The work must be done to the highest possible quality. Properly equipped insulation will make living in the house as comfortable as possible and will significantly reduce the cost of heating the premises.

Use the recommendations received and remember: insulation must be done with the obligatory installation of vapor barrier and moisture barrier layers. Only such a complex will make it possible to obtain a reliable, durable roofing system that is resistant to any adverse external influences. It’s better to immediately do everything according to the rules and live peacefully in safe home than patching holes in roofing pie after every heavy rain.

Preparing for roof insulation

The insulation procedure remains almost the same regardless of the type of roof, materials used and other points. Having understood the main points of thermal insulation work, you will be able to successfully apply them in practice.

First of all, carefully prepare the roof for the upcoming internal insulation.

First step. Inspect the rafter system. If you find rotted or damaged elements, replace them with new parts.

Second step. Process everything wooden elements antiseptic.

Third step. Check the condition of pipelines and electrical wiring if these communications are laid under the roof.

Guide to internal roof insulation

Start working on the internal insulation of the roof. The event is held in several stages. Go through each of them sequentially, not forgetting the recommendations received earlier.

It is assumed that the rafters, sheathing and other necessary elements have already been installed and all you have to do is install the insulating materials and then lay the final roofing covering.

The first step is vapor barrier

Lay the film with a 10-centimeter overlap. To attach the vapor barrier to the bars, it is convenient to use a construction stapler with staples. Double-seal all joints with duct tape. Be especially careful and thorough when sealing various difficult areas, such as the junction of the film with pipes, walls and other structural elements.

The second step is insulation

EKOTEPLIN - roof insulation

Place the selected insulation in the cells of the sheathing. Usually the sheathing is assembled so that the step between its bars is a couple of centimeters less than the width of the insulation, so you can place the insulating boards as tightly as possible. The sheathing bars themselves must be nailed to the rafters perpendicular to them.

If you really want to, you can do without the sheathing - you stuff it around the edges rafter legs nails and stretch the wire between them. It will hold the insulation boards. However, it is better not to give up the sheathing - it is safer with it.

The insulation itself is usually laid in 2 layers. At the same time top layer it is necessary to lay them with a certain offset in relation to the bottom one - it is impossible for the joints of the insulation boards of both layers to coincide.

Third step - waterproofing

Place the waterproofing film so that it completely covers the insulation, sheathing and rafters. To fix the film, it is most convenient to use a construction stapler with staples.

Place waterproofing under the roof overhang - this will create the conditions necessary for effective water drainage in the future.

At the end, all you have to do is lay the selected roofing material on the roof.

Thus, although independent internal insulation of the roof is a very important and responsible undertaking, there is nothing overly complicated in its implementation. Do everything according to the instructions, and very soon your home will become truly cozy and warm, and heating costs will be reduced. cold season years will decrease significantly.

Good luck!

Video - Do-it-yourself roof insulation from the inside

Roof insulation - important stage during arrangement and finishing country house. This final structure protects the walls of the building from negative impact rain and melted snow, maintains the desired level of indoor microclimate and ensures proper ventilation. The most important function of this finish is heat preservation. Up to 30% of the heat escapes through the roof, and high-quality reliable thermal insulation will reduce heat loss and heating costs of a country house.

When insulating a roof, consider the following:

If you want to turn the attic into a living space, you need to completely insulate the roof. If the premises are non-residential, you can only insulate the attic floor and/or ceiling in the house;
It is impossible to insulate the roof in a newly built house! Any finishing work done only after the frame has shrinked (shrinkage takes about a year);
When insulating the roof of an old house, you need to carefully check the structure. When the roof long time was exposed to moisture or leaked, they make repairs, and sometimes a new ceiling. Check the beams and wooden floors for rot and mold, replace products if necessary.

Before covering the roof, you need to choose a reliable and quality material. Today you will find a lot of insulation materials that vary in price, quality, strength, installation complexity and other criteria. Let's figure out which materials are best to choose for roof insulation.

How to choose roof insulation

When choosing, take into account the service life of the material, the ability to retain shape and parameters. High-quality insulation must be resistant to frost and temperature changes, protect from extraneous noise and provide good sound insulation. It is important that the materials are environmentally friendly, safe and non-flammable, suitable for the roof structure and have the required thickness.

The following types of insulation exist:

- popular and suitable insulation for a wooden house. It's inexpensive and available material, which does not burn and does not absorb moisture. Characterizes mineral wool light weight and high density, vapor permeability, quick and easy installation. The material is not exposed to rodents and insects. But keep in mind that during installation you will need to leave ventilation gaps to ensure high-quality waterproofing.

- modern environmentally friendly pure material, which is made from cellulose. To ensure that ecowool meets the requirements fire safety, fire retardants are added to the composition. These substances prevent the fire from spreading. This material is distinguished by naturalness, light weight and cheapness. It is suitable for insulating hard-to-reach places, but is not recommended for finishing rooms with high humidity. In addition, the disadvantages include the difficulty of laying material between the rafters and the need to use technology.

Expanded polystyrene- material in the form of plates with low weight and high strength, good sound and heat insulation. It is easy to install and resistant to moisture, which is why polystyrene foam is often used for finishing balconies, ground floors and other rooms with high humidity. However, this is a flammable material, so it is important to choose the right flammability group. The best option would be G1. Experts do not recommend using polystyrene foam for wooden houses. In addition, it is not suitable for insulating flat roofs.

Expanded clay — bulk insulation, which characterizes environmental friendliness and durability. Such material will not be damaged by rodents. However, it requires longer and more complex installation. It is important to lay the material tightly so that there are no holes or gaps for air to pass through. A sufficiently large and dense layer will be required to provide proper thermal insulation. As a result, expanded clay increases the load on the foundation and building structures.

- rigid and durable slabs that are easy to cut and lay. They do not lose their shape and are characterized by high thermal insulation properties, light weight and long service life. This material is suitable for roof insulation in wooden and any other house.

Modern manufacturers also offer spray polyurethane foam, which is easy and quick to install. However, it requires the use of special equipment. By analogy with sprayed polyurethane foam, penoizol is also produced. By technical properties it is similar to foam, but is applied by spraying. However, penoizol absorbs moisture more strongly than polyurethane foam or mineral wool, so enhanced waterproofing is required.

The most the best option Mineral wool is a good value for money product. In addition, expanded clay and polyurethane foam are suitable; in rare cases, penoizol and expanded polystyrene are used. If you decide to use mineral wool, keep in mind that the material has varieties. Thus, rigid basalt slabs made of mineral fiber are suitable for external insulation flat roof; for a pitched roof, mineral wool of a smaller thickness is used, and stone wool used to protect roofing systems from fire.

There are special insulation with foil. Foil materials do not transmit or retain heat, but reflect it back. Foil is waterproof and durable. It is suitable for rooms with high humidity. Today you can easily find mineral wool with foil.

The best mineral wool insulation for roofing

Insulation	Advantages	Flaws	Price
Rockwool (Denmark, Russia)	Increased fire safety; retains parameters and dimensions, does not crumble or shrink; good sound and heat insulation	Counterfeits are common	from 500 rubles per package
Paroc (Finland)	Cost-effective and environmentally friendly; protects against dust and noise; fire safety	High cost	from 900 rubles per package
Isover (Australia)	Strength and elasticity, environmental friendliness and long service life, good noise insulation	During installation, special protection is required, unpleasant odor	from 400 rubles per package
Knauf (Russia)	High quality, good heat and sound insulation, environmental and fire safety	High cost	from 700 rubles per package
Ursa	Strength and rigidity, high heat and sound insulation, does not deform or crumble	Collects dust and requires special protection during installation	from 500 rubles per package
Izovol	Increased fire safety, environmental friendliness and good sound insulation	Slightly crumbles when laying, medium density, difficult to cut	from 600 rubles per package
Beltep	Fire safety and environmental friendliness, vapor permeability, does not deform and retains parameters, rigidity, good heat and sound insulation	A lot of caustic dust during work, requires the use of special equipment	from 300 rubles per package

How to insulate the ceiling of a house

The ceiling in the house must be insulated, since it, along with the floor, is the main source of heat loss. Read more about how to finish the floor in a wooden house. When insulating the ceiling, waterproofing materials are first laid. IN in this case you can use standard plastic film. For a stronger effect, use a superdiffuse membrane. It will simplify installation, since you can then immediately lay the insulation.

If film is used as waterproofing, an additional sheathing of bars is installed for ventilation. And only then the insulation is laid in a dense layer with an overlap of 15-25 centimeters, depending on the climate of the region. After the insulation procedures, finishing is carried out

Options for finishing the ceiling in a country house

Plastering - simple and available method, which will give a classic smooth and white ceiling. However, this color is not always appropriate in a wooden house;
Drywall is suitable for complex design solutions and installing a two-level ceiling. At the same time, the coating is characterized by durability and ease of processing;
Solid wood panels are expensive, as they are made from 100% elite wood. The solid wood ceiling looks good and prestigious. These are very strong and durable materials that are easy to install;

Veneer panels are much cheaper than solid wood panels, but are not inferior in aesthetic qualities. You will find a wide selection of colors and sizes of these panels. They will make the interior refined and luxurious;
The embossed false ceiling is attached directly to the base, which simplifies installation. Using materials, you can create a unique ornament or pattern, which will make the design original;
Lining is a popular material due to its availability and ease of installation. The lining looks harmonious and aesthetically pleasing, suitable for any type of room. This is how the slats are laid on the walls and ceilings in the house and bathhouse, on the terrace and on the balcony. Use horizontal, vertical, horizontal or a combined laying method.

In a wooden house everyone experienced master They will advise using only wood for finishing. It will preserve the environmental friendliness and special atmosphere of a wooden house. Wooden materials will fit harmoniously into the interior, creating cozy atmosphere, will look elegant and natural. Wood “breathes” and provides access to oxygen.

One of the steps in roof insulation is insulating the attic floor. First of all, you need to eliminate the gaps between the beams and beams using felt, jute, sticks or polyurethane foam. Then a layer of vapor barrier is laid, and on top - an overlapping insulation layer in the same layer as on the ceiling of the house. The insulation is covered with expanded clay. Expanded clay needs to be leveled, compacted and covered with a screed.

If you want to make a utility room out of the attic, you can arrange the floor using wooden planks or other finishing materials. If attic space will not be used as a living space, insulation of the ceiling of the house and the attic floor is sufficient.

When laying hydro- and thermal insulation, avoid a large number of seams and joints, as they affect the outflow of heat and the influx of cold. Be sure to leave gaps between the layers of the “pie”, especially for soft roof. Such gaps will provide necessary ventilation and air circulation. Don’t know which roof to choose for a wooden house? Read about the types and forms of roofing at the link http://marisrub.ru/uslugi/krovelnye-raboty/vybor-krovli-dlya-doma.

How to insulate a roof with a residential attic space

Insulation also begins with waterproofing. Waterproofing materials laid on the upper planes of the bars and rafters across the slope. The film is overlapped with a sag of up to 2 centimeters and secured with staples or nails. It is important to leave some slack, otherwise it will crack in the cold. Then a sheathing of bars is installed, which finally fixes the waterproofing layer and forms ventilation gaps.

Afterwards, heat-insulating materials are laid close to the rafters and beams. It is important not to allow the thermal insulation layer to rupture! The thickness of the thermal insulation layer is determined depending on climatic conditions. When laying insulation, pay attention to the size of the ventilation gaps! Today wooden houses with an attic are gaining popularity. When insulating an attic, a vapor barrier is also laid on top of the insulation. Vapor barrier film laid on the lower plane of the rafters and beams with an overlap.

If you decide to insulate the roof with expanded clay, use roofing felt instead of waterproofing film, since the standard film will not withstand the load. During installation, it is important to eliminate cracks and gaps so that the material does not spill out. Ruberoid sheets are laid overlapping on the walls. Then the expanded clay is carefully and gradually poured in. You can also put roofing felt on top.

Roof insulation is a labor-intensive and responsible process, because it affects the service life and operational properties Houses. If the technology is incorrect and the materials are of poor quality, the room will be cold and the roof will leak. To avoid such problems, entrust the work to professionals!

The masters of the MariSrub company will professionally perform installation, insulation and finishing of the roof. They will select suitable materials that will enhance the thermal insulation properties of the structure and ensure reliable ventilation and waterproofing.

The construction of wooden houses is again gaining popularity because many people like their unique air with the special aroma of wood. If for some reason the building was not insulated during construction, this must be corrected. To maintain warmth in a wooden house, you should insulate all surfaces: floors, walls, ceilings and roofs. In this article we will talk about how insulation occurs wooden roof with your own hands using the most common methods.

The need to insulate a wooden roof

Wood itself is an excellent heat-insulating material. And when operating a residential building, you should take advantage of these properties and try not to disturb the natural convection of air in the rooms. Thanks to the thermal insulation of the wood roof, the house floor beams will be protected from rotting and will not deteriorate ahead of time.

If the insulation of a wooden roof is not carried out correctly and the movement of air flow is disrupted, dampness will occur, fungus and other unpleasant consequences will appear on the rafters, floor beams and ceiling.
To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to carefully consider the choice of heat-insulating material, taking into account the fact that the roofs are wooden and brick houses are very different from each other. Therefore, the materials used for insulating brick buildings are not suitable for wooden houses.

Special thermal insulation materials should be used to insulate wooden roofs, which are characterized by a long period of operation, resistance to moisture and various loads, the ability to prevent the formation of cracks and deformation, and no risk of shrinkage, as this leads to the formation of cold bridges.

For many years in a row the most the best insulation For wooden roofs, straw was considered. Today there is a wider selection of materials for thermal insulation of the roofs of wooden houses. Since houses made of wood can easily ignite, it is customary to use materials that are not subject to fire, such as fiberglass and mineral wool.

Features of wooden roof insulation

If the house was recently built, insulation cannot be carried out until shrinkage occurs wooden structure. At least a year must pass after construction. In this case, you must completely complete the finishing of the roof. take on thermal insulation work it is possible only after eliminating all the defects that appeared as a result of the subsidence of the house.

If residential building for many years, it is necessary to approach the insulation of the roof of a wooden house more thoroughly. If the roof has been leaking and has been exposed to temperature fluctuations and moisture for a long time, it may be necessary to major renovation or its new covering. Carefully inspect all places whose integrity you doubt, and check the wood for rotting.

But if the attic will be used as an attic or as a storage room, or in your region it is too harsh winters, then it is not enough to simply insulate a wooden roof; you need to simultaneously insulate both the roof and the floors between the attic and living spaces. Be sure to insulate both the ceiling inside the house and the floor of the attic.

Arranging wooden roof mansard type, it is advisable to combine thermal insulation with a special reflective film, which is made on an aluminum base. The reflective side is attached to the outside. The main purpose of the film is to reflect ultraviolet rays in the summer months during sun activity, which should reduce the heating of the air in the attic.

Do-it-yourself insulation of a wooden roof

To carry out work related to roof insulation, you do not have to be a qualified builder. It is enough to watch a video about insulating a wooden roof and understand that you cannot save on thermal insulation materials.

Roof insulation with mineral wool

The insulation of a wooden roof with mineral wool is different high efficiency and durability. The low weight of mineral wool determines the minimum mechanical loads on the roof structure. Mineral wool is suitable for long-term use and can withstand elevated temperatures well in the summer, unlike polystyrene foam.

If you plan to insulate the roof with mineral wool, then it is advisable to use mats made of mineral wool rather than roll material, since they do not settle over time and keep their shape better. But even when purchasing material in mats, it can be easily adjusted to the size of the gaps between the rafters. The material can be cut and cut.

When carrying out work, you must strictly follow this scheme for insulating a wooden roof with mineral wool:

The first layer is waterproofing. If you are looking for the most economical option, then you should use the regular one waterproofing film, which copes well with its tasks. But if the effect is important to you, it is better to buy a super-diffuse membrane. The insulation can be attached closely to it without additional sheathing for ventilation. Its vapor permeability is much higher than that of ordinary waterproofing.
Insulation. Thermal insulation material must be laid in 2 layers in the cavities that are formed by the roof rafters. It is customary to lay in a dense layer of 10-25 millimeters. Its thickness will depend on the climate in your region. The insulation must be laid so that between it and the upper edge of the rafters there remains ventilation gap, which serves to remove warm, moist air that comes from below. But at the same time, you need to ensure that the heat-insulating material does not extend beyond rafter system. Mineral wool slabs should not be used to cover cables and wires.
Vapor barrier. On top of the thermal insulation material, a vapor barrier material is attached to the rafters, which is required to retain moisture-saturated air that rises upward. To prevent the penetration of moisture, it is customary to seal all seams of the film with special construction tape. Therefore, the insulation will be in the so-called moisture-proof “bag”, but the ventilation gaps will ensure normal air entry. Then the roof covering can be laid.

Thermal insulation of the roof with expanded clay

Expanded clay is called the most environmentally friendly material of all that is used for roof insulation. Therefore, it is ideal for insulating a wooden roof. This insulation is considered durable, it does not shrink and is not damaged by rodents. If you lay the material correctly, the likelihood of cold bridges forming is minimized.

In addition, the cost of insulating a wooden roof with expanded clay is acceptable: there is no need to invest large sums, you just need to purchase roofing felt in rolls and a sufficient amount of expanded clay.

And it’s worth acting using this technology:

First, close all the cracks to prevent material from spilling out. In this case, a special film will not work - it may not withstand the load. That is why it is customary to lay roofing felt on the ceiling. In this case, an overlap should be made on the surface of the walls.
Fill in the material. Do this carefully, because the properties of expanded clay deteriorate when poured intensively: many particles can break, losing their thermal insulation abilities.
You can also cover the insulation with roofing felt on top, which will also act as a waterproofing material.

Roof insulation with polystyrene foam

Expanded polystyrene is not the best insulation for a residential building made of wood, but if this particular material was chosen, then you should pay attention to its flammability group. The most optimal option of the existing four groups is G1. Expanded polystyrene with this marking burns only upon contact with a fire source.

Expanded polystyrene has a number of advantages: lightness, the ability to cut it without special equipment, the ability to retain heat well even at high humidity, resistance to fungus and harmful insects.

It is necessary to insulate a wooden roof with polystyrene foam according to the same scheme as when using mineral wool. The only point: at the joints of the slabs, it is imperative to fill the gaps, as shown in the photo of insulating a wooden roof. This is most conveniently done using polyurethane foam, because it can be evenly distributed throughout the entire hole without gaps. In addition, such a procedure will not take much time.

Completing thermal insulation work

If you have completely insulated a wooden house and its roof, then the ceiling must be insulated due to the characteristics of wood as a material. Warm air in a wooden house, rising to the ceiling, will carry with it particles of moisture that settle on the floors and ceiling and provoke the process of wood rotting and mold formation. Thus, it is necessary to install insulation with waterproofing elements on the ceiling. The ceiling insulation scheme in a wooden house with a pitched or flat roof and an attic looks like this:

Air cushion - free space between thermal insulation material and covering the ceiling to prevent the formation of condensation.
Thermal insulation using fireproof insulating material.
Vapor barrier is a membrane or film that prevents capillary moisture from penetrating the ceilings.
Interior decoration.

After this, you can begin to insulate the floor in the attic, which is done as follows:

Eliminate gaps between beams and joists. You can caulk them with tow, jute or felt, or fill them with polyurethane foam.
Lay a layer of vapor barrier on the attic floor, and place a layer of insulation on top of it without gaps. You can use polystyrene foam or mineral wool as insulation.
Sprinkle the floor surface with shalk or expanded clay, followed by screed. If you plan to use the attic, you can install a wooden floor.

In addition, to insulate a wooden roof, you can use penoizol or liquid polyurethane foam, which is inexpensive and effective material. It is usually applied by spraying directly onto the surface to be insulated. The whole procedure takes a minimum of time. The cost of insulating a wooden roof with foam insulation is low. In this case, there is no need to additionally prepare or dismantle the base. Work is completed when achieved required thickness layer.