What material are the ceilings made of? Ceiling: criteria for choosing finishing materials

In the design of the ceiling, as well as in the interior design of the entire apartment, a person tries to realize his desires. I saw one ceiling live with friends or acquaintances, I came across another in beautiful pictures in a magazine, and I have been dreaming about the third since I saw a photo on the Internet. So the direction is set, all that remains is to collect more information about the chosen option, and you can begin the repair. If you know what you want, then it is difficult to convince you and move you from your chosen position. Our article is more dedicated to those who are still in search of the ideal option. Together with the site, we will talk about what types of ceilings can be made in an apartment, about their advantages and disadvantages.

Ceilings in the apartment photo

Wallpapering and painting: simple ways to decorate

We will not consider whitewashing in this part of the article, since this method of finishing ceilings in an apartment can be called outdated, and it has almost sunk into oblivion. But wallpapering, like several decades ago, is now quite common. Coloring is also often used, so this method is worthy of our attention.

It’s also worth saying a few words about this option for ceilings in an apartment, such as. This is also a rather outdated method of decoration, but sometimes it is still used. The most commonly used is foam tiles, which are easy to glue and have a very attractive appearance. After direct gluing, the tiles need to be painted in order for the surface to acquire a uniform color. It is small in size, so it is convenient to work with. In addition, it differs in the pattern applied to its front part and in thickness (thin 33 mm and tiles with a thickness of more than 5 mm, hiding minor imperfections in the original ceiling).

Types of ceilings in an apartment photo

Plasterboard ceiling: advantages and disadvantages

When choosing modern ceilings for an apartment, the choice often falls on. This material allows you to embody any design ideas (even the most intricate ones) and create multi-level structures. And, located in, is capable of giving a certain mood to the entire room.

Advantages of plasterboard ceilings:

Of the minuses it is worth noting:

Overall, this is a beneficial material in the hands of an experienced designer. Using plasterboard, you can create any modern ceiling design in an apartment - from simple single-level options to complex multi-level ones and combined with other materials.

Tension fabric: a modern design option

This method of finishing the ceiling is suitable not only for modern premises. For example, in a living room decorated in classic style, looks as organic as in a high-tech studio apartment. It’s just that for each style and each room you need to choose a certain type of canvas:

matte canvas;
glossy;
suede;
metallic;
mirror;
textile.

Stretch ceilings can be made from PVC film and woven fabric. The former look like film, while the latter, although made from polyester fibers by weaving, actually look like.

Design of suspended ceilings in an apartment photo

Advantages of suspended ceilings:

When combined with drywall, they allow you to achieve even more diverse design ideas. Such a combined ceiling looks beautiful in a studio apartment - in addition to the aesthetic component, it allows you to divide the space into zones and clearly indicate the functional purpose of each of them.

These are not all types of apartment ceilings that can be done at home. There are other types - for example, they are often done in the bathroom or; for a balcony or loggia you can choose lining; in order to emphasize luxurious interior, can be used for the hall; but for laconic, fashionable interiors, modern solutions will come in handy - glass, mirrors, etc.

The existing variety of finishing materials and ceiling design variations, from the most basic and affordable to the complex and expensive, can be confusing. But such abundance opens up truly limitless possibilities for the implementation of any design ideas and allows you to make your dreams come true.

You can become the owner of an ultra-modern carved tension structure Apply, LED panel with a view of space, current solution with massive decorative beams, a colorful coffered ceiling in the Renaissance style... There are a lot of options. Today we will talk about finishing and methods of decorating the ceiling area.

What it is?

Ceiling finishing should be understood as the creation of a protective and decorative layer from various materials on the base of the ceiling surface. Compared to the floor or walls, finishing the ceiling is much more difficult due to the labor intensity of the work. Do rough and finishing the ceiling area is possible only when all vital engineering systems are fully installed and tested for operability and hidden electrical wiring is installed.

Peculiarities

Modern types of ceilings are classified based on the technology of creation, depending on what they are:

Plastering (basic). They are obtained by applying a decorative coating to a base base without air gap through traditional “wet” finishing methods - whitewashing, wallpapering, decorating with interior paints, textured plaster mixtures or artistic painting.
Hanging / hemming in the form of suspended suspended, panel, tile, slatted, self-adhesive, plasterboard structures. When constructing them, “dry” technologies for organizing the ceiling space are used, with the exception of gypsum plasterboard ceilings, which require additional “wet” finishing.

When choosing a ceiling device, you need to take into account:

Layout type - open, closed or an intermediate option between them.
The area and geometry of the room, especially in attic apartments where the roofs have broken bases or are located at an angle and in country houses such as chalets with an attic.
Ceiling height. In apartments with standard height walls of 2.5 m, you need to plan the design of the ceiling surface especially carefully so as not to overload the space above your head.
Humidity conditions, which directly depend on the purpose of the room.
Stylish design of the room.
Level of repair – class “Economy”, “Comfort” or “Elite”. Here they start from the possibilities of the budget.

Modern materials

To decorate ceiling surfaces, the most different types finishing materials - from traditional ones, which are familiar to everyone, to innovative types of liquid wallpaper.

- Interior paints

One of the most optimal solutions for finishing the ceiling area is decorating with water-dispersion paint. This material is a water-based film former, the main component of which is water with the addition of an emulsion of some polymer.

Pros:

environmentally friendly composition;
fire safety;
ease of application with a roller or spray gun;
good resistance of the coating to mechanical stress due to the compacted polymer film;
excellent covering ability;
a rich palette of colors and a huge selection of interesting textures, which allows you to get an expressive design of the ceiling area with a matte or glossy finish.

For rooms with high humidity conditions, it is beneficial to purchase moisture-resistant washable paints - latex and silicone.

- Textured and structural plaster mixtures

Working with structural plaster occurs in three stages - applying the base layer, forming the relief with a trowel, painting and glazing. After treating the base with textured plaster, the surface immediately acquires a finished relief and a certain shade, with the exception of cases of applying white mixtures, which require additional coloring. The type of relief pattern is determined by the filler in the mixture - quartz, granite or marble chips and the size of the particles. Advantages: aesthetics, high-quality camouflage of base defects, durability and low maintenance.

- Wallpaper

Ceilings covered with wallpaper are still relevant. The widest selection of designs, colors and sizes of canvases offered by domestic and foreign brands simplifies the choice of the appropriate option for interiors of a wide variety of styles - from classic to industrial style.

Advantages:

the ability to hide minor defects in the base with dense coatings or natural wallpaper made from plant fibers;
Paintable wallpaper allows you to change the design of the ceiling without radical changes;
canvases with a 3D effect illusorily adjust the proportions of the ceiling, making it more voluminous due to perspective scenes.

Minuses:

fragility;
the need to carefully prepare the base;
It is almost impossible to hang wallpaper on a large area alone without the assistance of an assistant.

Liquid wallpaper is sold in the form of a powder mixture based on natural fibers with the addition of acrylic dye and an adhesive component. The main composition can be decorated with crushed mica, stone chips, sparkles and even gold threads.

Advantages:

easy to apply and have good maintainability;
durable - service life is 8-10 years;
vapor permeable, which guarantees the creation of a healthy microclimate in the room;
fireproof - self-extinguishes upon fire and prevents the spread of flame;
seamless;
Using a homogeneous layer, it is convenient to decorate various volumetric-spatial elements from corners and arches to niches and baseboards.

Their main disadvantage is their high cost. Purchasing a package of liquid silk wallpaper will cost around 650 rubles.

- Ceiling tiles

The popularity of adhesive ceilings is explained by two factors. They resort to this method of finishing when they want to get something more than a banal whitewash and wallpapering the ceiling, but are not ready to spend a lot of money. Ceiling tiles fit these criteria exactly. They differ in the material of manufacture. The most common of them are polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, and extruded polystyrene foam. The latter material is the most durable.

In terms of execution they can be:

without/with pattern;
in the form of photo wallpaper, when a large image is assembled fragmentarily according to the principle of a puzzle from tiles with parts of the overall picture.

Plates can have different surfaces:

smooth;
relief with various carved patterns;
with imitation artistic carving or stucco.

Advantages of adhesive ceilings:

universal – suitable for decorating any premises;
maintain the height of the room;
mask minor local defects in the base;
simply mounted.

Flaws:

fire hazardous, and “doubly”, since the burning of slabs is accompanied by the formation of fiery “rain”;
form a non-uniform surface with seams;
susceptible to fungus and mold, having low vapor permeability.

- Textiles

Decorating with fabric is a convenient and simple option for finishing the ceiling area. This design looks original and improves the acoustics in the room. There are two ways of finishing with textiles.

Pasting. Gluing fabric sheets to a base follows the same principle as paper-based wallpaper, but with a special adhesive composition that is harmless to fabric fibers.

Pros:

aesthetics;
environmental friendliness;
promotes proper air exchange in the room due to the breathable properties of the material.

Minuses:

it is necessary to level the rough base;
cannot be removed for cleaning or washing;
you need to carefully select the material and print.

It is good to cover the ceiling surface with velvet, velor, suede.

Fabric ceiling on a stretcher. This option involves stretching the fabric parallel to the ceiling surface, like a canvas on wooden frame. Advantages - savings on expensive plastering of the base and the ability to hide its defects due to tightly stretched material. It is best to finish the ceiling with satin and viscose, but you can also use chintz, linen, tapestry, and various types of upholstery furniture fabric.

- Drapery

This finishing involves draping the entire ceiling area or individual surface fragments. This a great opportunity personalize the interior.

Methods for fixing draperies:

on wooden guides using furniture brackets;
using Velcro tape;
first on a baguette, which is then attached along the closed contour of the ceiling area.

Pros:

there is no need to prepare the base;
easy installation;
Easy to keep clean: remove the fabric and wash.

Minuses:

a strong drop in ceiling level;
any matter quickly ignites;
fabric susceptibility to odors.

In this case, you can use any smooth, translucent shimmering fabrics: silk, organza, chiffon and other beautiful fabrics.

- Wood and its derivatives

Eat different ways integration of wood, as well as materials that successfully imitate it in the decoration of the ceiling area. When installing hemmed-type systems, lining is used - a natural wooden board, or finishing MDF boards coated with veneer, plastic or laminated with PVC film. Their advantages are durability, safety and moisture resistance. A variety of textures and a huge range of colors allow you to choose a solution to suit your needs and budget.

Types of wood finishing:

Solid wood. An expensive finish is a coffered ceiling made of solid alder, oak and other types of wood. A distinctive feature of this ceiling is its graceful square recesses. An alternative to an array can be a block house that realistically imitates wood.
Beam. Finishing ceilings with timber looks best in country or country houses, and not in apartments where a wooden ceiling may seem inappropriate. Timber has the same qualities as lining, but at the same time it has increased strength characteristics and a longer service life.

Laminate. Finishing the ceiling with laminate definitely cannot be classified as a traditional way of decorating the space above your head. Although the use of laminated panels allows you to become the owner of a high-quality, expressive and durable ceiling with excellent soundproofing ability.
Ceiling beams. Finishing ceilings with ceiling beams has become an interior classic. When choosing the design of natural or painted beams, the interior style serves as a guide. The same applies to their geometric shape - in the form of rough unhewn logs, bars with a regular square or rectangular cut.

Single-level and multi-level structures

Suspended ceilings can be one-, two-, three- and multi-level, in the creation of which certain materials are used.

- Single-level

Single-level ceilings are considered to be flat ceilings with a single level of smooth or textured decorative coating without the gradation of multi-level structures.

- Two-level

The peculiarity of two-level ceilings is the creation of two heights in one room due to a clearly defined step formed by the structure on the ceiling surface. Convenient to hide under the casing engineering Communication, and install spotlights in the body of the skin. The disadvantages include the fact that they visually reduce the height of the room and are more expensive than options with one level.

Their shape can be absolutely any. The easiest way is to focus on the volume of simple geometric shapes: square, circle, triangle, ellipse. Or you can complicate the task by integrating a curved gypsum box with niches for light sources into one part of the ceiling area and installing a tension fabric in the other part. Using two-level structures, it is good to perform accent zoning, visually marking the boundaries of functional zones.

- Multi-level

For the installation of multi-level ceilings in the form of stepped structures with three or more level differences, any modern systems are suitable - hemmed, suspended or suspended. Very often, architects use combinations of materials, using several technologies at once.

A multi-level ceiling provides the opportunity to mask serious defects in the upper floors (height differences at the joints of reinforced concrete slabs, protruding crossbars), construction flaws and communications. Such ceiling designs are distinguished by a variety of architectural forms.

Let us dwell in more detail on the current types of ceiling systems.

- Tensioners

Today, stretch ceilings are one of the most common ways to decorate the lower surface of floors, which is due to their aesthetic appeal and the fact that they have not yet become boring to Russians.

Their device involves the use of polyvinyl chloride film or fabric impregnated with polyurethane and a special gas gun to pump hot air at a temperature of about 70°C, the effect of which provides tension on the fabric. It is supported by a profile pre-installed along the entire length of the closed contour of the room.

Depending on the texture, they can be:

Glossy or with a mirror surface. Such solutions have excellent reflectivity and illusoryly add volume to the room.
Classic matte with discreet colors.
Satin with a smooth texture, due to which the canvas looks snow-white with a delicate pearlescent tint.
Suede - fabrics that imitate the structure of pile leather.

In addition, film coatings differ in design and are:

With photo printing. The most popular 3D images are the sky with clouds and the theme of space.
Carved - these are double tension systems Apply. Their design consists of a pair of independent tension panels: the first with shaped holes, and the second is solid.

Advantages:

decorative qualities;
suitable for installation in any room;
sealed;
clean installation;
durable.

Of the minuses it is worth noting:

high cost;
reducing the height of the walls;
susceptibility to damage from any sharp objects;
non-ecological composition.

- Cassette hanging

They are prefabricated structures that are mounted at a distance of at least 10 cm from the ceilings. Such designs are found mainly in offices or public places, since it is quite difficult to integrate them into apartments.

Advantages:

the ability to mask communications and install various lighting fixtures;
cleanliness of the installation process;
hide base defects;
fireproof due to fireproof properties;
provide good sound insulation.

Flaws:

“eat up” the height;
labor-intensive installation of a multi-level ceiling;
restrictions on use - not suitable for rooms with high humidity conditions.

- Rack and pinion

When installing them, small slats are used, which explains the name of this type of ceiling. To assemble the frame, metal profiles called “comb” or stringers, U-shaped end plinths located along the walls and special hangers are used.

Based on the material of manufacture, they can be:

plastic, which are assembled from PVC slats;
metal - in this case, aluminum or steel chrome-plated or galvanized slats are used.

Advantages:

stylish design;
masking communications and natural unevenness of the base;
possibility of installing electrical appliances;
resistance to humid environments and antifungal properties;
good strength characteristics;
durable - can last 25-50 years.

Flaws:

steal height;
“cold” blows from them;
difficulty of dismantling.

- Plasterboard

Modern construction is difficult to imagine without drywall. This material is an active participant in the organization of suspended ceiling structures.

Advantages of gypsum board systems:

allow you to hide any communications;
provide the opportunity to create interesting lighting design by installing various types of electrical appliances;
fireproof, since the gypsum board core consists of non-combustible gypsum;
have good vapor permeability, since drywall is a “breathable” material.

Flaws:

lower the ceiling level at least 10 cm below the floor slab;
labor-intensive installation;
The process of creating a ceiling includes dirty types of work - cutting sheets, sanding, painting.

Design

Ceiling decor allows you to individualize the design of the ceiling area, which always distinguishes the interior from hundreds of others, sometimes faceless and very boring precisely because of their uniformity. Beauty has nothing to do with it, there is simply nothing for the eye to catch on in such an environment. Even fashionable “special effects” in the form of 3D drawings do not always save the situation, although this method of finishing, of course, should not be neglected either.

Let's find out what design techniques are now in fashion and where they are best used in order to avoid the unpleasant dissonance of expectations and reality.

- Artistic painting

The hand-painted ceiling surface looks very beautiful, just remember the magnificent vaulted ceilings with frescoes by Renaissance masters. It is impossible to ignore such a finish, especially when a professional artist had a hand in its creation. In this case, only one thing stops – the price of the issue. The services of a master cost accordingly.

For those who have long been familiar with paints and a brush, it will not be difficult to use any of the artistic painting techniques and bring it to life. For everyone else, we recommend using ready-made stencils, which, by the way, you can make yourself. All that remains is to fix them on the ceiling surface in various combinations with tape, arm yourself with a brush and paint over them.

- Applications from vinyl stickers

This is one of the most democratic, fastest and easiest ways to decorate ceilings. Of course, one cannot count on the aesthetics that ensures the creation of artistic painting. The advantages of such decor are minimal costs, ease of implementation and ease of masking minor cosmetic defects.

-Stucco molding

This finish is ideal for classic, antique and gothic interiors. A distinctive feature of these styles is ceilings with stucco. Polyurethane skirting boards are indispensable for creating its imitation. With the help of other figured elements - rosettes, borders, moldings and cornices, you can achieve maximum resemblance to authentic stucco ceilings from the Middle Ages or the times of Ancient Rome.

- Decorative cord

Creating an edging with a decorative edging (cord) in the form of a twisted rope is an excellent alternative to fillets. There are no special rules for the use of the cord, however, it is most advantageous to use the cord on tension and plasterboard structures, since the edging from it provides ideal masking of technological gaps at the junction of the ceiling and walls. It will also lie evenly on complex curved and stepped areas of the ceiling.

Style

Although the world of interior design lives by its own unwritten laws, there is no clear set of rules that lists point by point what can be done and what cannot be done. The only condition that decorators observe when creating an interior is the development of a harmonious design concept that maximally reflects the customer’s preferences and is close to him in spirit and lifestyle. The choice of design for the ceiling area is no exception. We suggest you consider distinctive features ceilings in different styles.

- Modern

The ceilings are characterized by an abundance of arbitrarily curved lines and rounded shapes, as if flowing into each other without clear visual boundaries. This is a design with a predominance of plant motifs and a harmonious arrangement of all elements of the composition. In finishing it is allowed to use rough materials, metal, wood, glass.

- High tech

In this case, what is important is not so much decorativeness, but the correct proportions of the ceiling and a well-thought-out lighting system. Glowing lights are perfect for creating a futuristic atmosphere. Ceilings Apply or tension structures with glossy or translucent fabric. In open-plan apartments, multi-level gypsum board ceilings with beautiful box, LED backlighting and balanced color scheme.

- French country

To ensure that the ceiling perfectly matches the style that originated in the province of Provence in the south of France, you can resort to the device:

classic white ceiling with beams of rough texture;
stretch ceiling pastel, white or beige shade with a translucent illuminated “window”. Such an insert will add lightness to the interior and create a weightless effect;
multi-level stretch ceiling with spotlights along the perimeter of one of the levels.

- Classic

If we talk about luxurious classical interiors with elements of pompous palace styles, then You can consider such design options for the ceiling area as the device:

A two-level white or slightly bluish ceiling with figured stucco elements in the Rococo style. Internal lighting is installed around the perimeter.
Suspension plasterboard construction golden hue with the installation of a two-level sculptural border.
Three-level suspended coffered openwork ceiling framed with mirrors.
Ceiling with an overlay insert made of gypsum plasterboard, decorated with silver vinyl wallpaper.

If this is an interior in a modern classic style, then the following installation is appropriate:

Stretch single-level printed fabric with abstract pattern in soft colors. The texture of the film coating is preferably satin with a discreet shine, which perfectly matches the spirit of neoclassicism.
A two-level stretch fabric with a combined fabric to create an effective contrast between the matte outer level and the glossy inner level. Gloss will give the room gloss and volume.
Stretch ceiling with a three-dimensional 3D pattern or made of PVC plates with photo printing. It is better to give preference to neutral images: flowers, plants, frescoes, classical paintings.

Color spectrum

When choosing a ceiling color, the design and color temperature of the room are always taken into account.

Following the basic principles of color selection allows you to become the owner of a beautiful ceiling:

If you plan to create a colored ceiling, then the maximum number of shades used is three. The exception is design using various variations of gradients, that is, smooth color transitions.
To maintain color balance in the interior, the color of the ceiling should not contradict the overall palette and support the shades of the background decoration, flooring, furniture and decor.
When the priority is to use rich, rich colors on the ceiling, try to use a neutral palette of shades when decorating the walls.
Are you dreaming of a two-tone ceiling? Be prepared to spend time choosing the winning color combination specifically for your interior. Moreover, even a duet of green and red can turn out to be successful and stylish, and not just the classic contrasting color pair of white and black.

Which ones are better to do?

Summarizing all that has been said, we list the varieties of the most suitable solutions for ceiling structures, depending on the functionality of the room, as well as based on practical and aesthetic considerations:

Living room. Any variations of suspended ceilings are suitable, including those made from combined materials, plasterboard systems, coffered ceilings, basic ones finished with painted plaster, adhesive options as a budget option. If the living room interior is made in an oriental style, then you should take a closer look at draped ceilings or the option with smooth, tightly stretched fabric in cases where the design follows French country trends.
Bedroom. Combined ceilings made of gypsum plasterboard with satin or matte fabric, both single-level and multi-level, are appropriate here. Defiant gloss is good in living rooms, but here we need a more intimate setting, which is facilitated by the elegant shine of satin or a noble matte surface. If the room is spacious and you want something non-trivial, then you should try the original laminate ceiling decoration with a transition to an accent wall.

Kitchen. Tensile structures with a light glossy fabric, when the room is compact, are considered a universal solution. Here you can also use the capabilities of hanging cassette systems if you choose the option with matte white translucent squares in the center. In this case, the overhead lighting is mounted in a technological niche between the floor slab and the ceiling structure, which allows you to achieve an interesting lighting effect.
Bathroom. Suitable here are slatted ceilings, single-level or multi-level, provided the walls are of sufficient height, or glossy stretch ceilings.
Attic. When decorating the ceiling area in an attic apartment or creating the interior of an attic in a private house or country house, it is recommended to use plasterboard, hemming or hanging systems. To finish the last two options, it is good to use wooden lining, timber or its imitation, parquet boards or corrugated sheets (corrugated sheets), larch wood.

Lighting

The main guideline when choosing light sources and organizing ceiling lighting is the functional load of the room.

- Living room

The task here is to create sufficient illumination, close to natural light, it is in such conditions that we experience emotional and psychological comfort, and our eyes rest. Whether a central chandelier is needed here or whether local lighting sources are sufficient will depend on the planning solution and the size of the room.

In open-plan apartments, it is beneficial to use accent lighting zoning. So, a chandelier or a composition of lamps on pendants is placed above the guest area, and diode or spot lighting is used in the remaining functional segments. If the room is very large, then wall or floor lamps are additionally used.

- Bedroom

The main lighting is a central chandelier with soft light, local lighting is ceiling lighting plus a pair of floor lamps or wall sconces. Zoning lighting is a common design technique, which also allows you to save on electricity costs if you get a triple switch and illuminate the part of the room that is in use at a particular moment.

- Kitchen

In this case, you need to remember that the quality of lighting largely depends on the color of the ceiling. Cool shades of a light palette - gradations of blue, white, pale yellow; lamps with a warm color temperature are made neutral. The cold glow of the light bulbs enhances the color of the coating, which will reflect the light rays, coloring the entire “contents” of the kitchen space, from objects to prepared food.

Ideal for those who prefer dark color scheme– installation of many LED point light sources that will create the effect of a starry sky and provide the necessary illumination. In kitchens with high ceilings, lamps with adjustable suspension or elongated lamps look great. For compact rooms with low ceilings, there is nothing better than spot lighting on the ceiling in combination with a simple chandelier.

- Bathroom

Since windows in bathrooms are a rather rare occurrence for typical apartments, you have to be content with artificial lighting. Depending on the location, it can be ceiling, floor, wall, or built-in. Usually the first two types are enough, when built-in LED strips are complemented with floor lamps.

You can use a combination of all options, making sure to highlight the functional areas of the bathroom or shower, sink and mirror. Modern bathroom lighting design cannot be imagined without decorative light. This could be flashing or colored contour lighting, lighting with a “starry sky” effect in the ceiling area above the jacuzzi, etc.

Choosing a ceiling is a responsible matter.

We offer several tips that may be useful in one case or another:

If you find it difficult to decide on the color of the stretch ceiling, choose one of three classic colors - universal white, elegant beige or black with an anthracite finish. By the way, the neutral beige palette has more than 25 shades.
When installing a ceiling in a new building, it is necessary to leave a small margin - increase the distance between the tension or suspension system and the floor slab. When the building shrinks, the geometry of the ceiling structure will be preserved due to the “spare” centimeters.

For ceiling decoration narrow corridor in apartments built by Khrushchev, a mirror wall and a glossy ceiling with lighting will visually add volume to the room. The simultaneous use of gloss, mirrors and varnished surfaces will create the optical illusion of 3D space.
If the ceiling is suspended and you plan to install a chandelier, then you need a model with lamps at the bottom of the structure. This will avoid severe overheating of the PVC coating and the release of toxic phenol.

Manufacturers

Due to the increased interest in stretch and slatted ceilings, a flood of fakes has poured into the market. To avoid falling for the bait of unscrupulous competitors of reputable manufacturers, always check quality certificates and try to deal only with trusted companies. We recommend paying attention to four brands that occupy leading positions in the ceiling structures market.

"Bard"

If you are looking for a high-quality slatted aluminum or steel ceiling, then take a closer look at suspension systems with a protective moisture-resistant dust-repellent coating. A variety of panel colors and interpanel inserts simplifies the choice suitable model ceiling for any interior solution.

Apply

The appearance of Apply carved ceiling systems has changed the usual idea of a stretch ceiling. With Apply systems, the implementation of the most unusual design projects has become more accessible, simpler and more convenient. Trouble-free and quick installation of artistic lighting panels has opened up new possibilities in the lighting design of residential spaces. And when installing the ceiling, you can use a simplified version of the supply ventilation system. Another non-standard solution from Apply – two-level design in original contrasting design.

"Calypso"

One of the advantageous properties of fabric stretch ceilings from this company is the use of seamless fabric for their production. Unlike film coverings with a maximum width of 2 m, a standard roll of fabric ceiling is 5 meters wide, so its installation does not require soldering of structural elements. The manufacturer offers a variety of color, stylistic, and functional solutions for tension structures, which simplifies the search for “your” stretch ceiling.

Cesal

Under this brand, a variety of types of modern ceiling systems are produced: cassette, slatted, “Griglyato” from classic to multi-cellular. Those who are concerned about finding an original ceiling option should pay attention to designer models in Scandinavian and Canadian style. Modular systems are ideal for implementing the most daring architectural solutions. This opportunity is provided by profiles of different sizes, which are convenient to combine when decorating the ceiling space, and due to a single fastener system, installation is also as convenient as possible.

Beautiful examples in the interior

The ceiling surface is a platform for implementing a wide variety of design projects from simple to super complex, which solve many stylistic and planning problems. We offer several inspiring ideas for decorating ceiling spaces in various styles and photographic examples of the integration of different types of ceilings into the interiors of apartments and private houses.

The ongoing interest in stretch ceilings is largely due to the huge color palette of film materials. In addition to the basic shades, there are many other universal color solutions. Blue and dark blue ceilings look very interesting, as well as shocking red and green ceilings, which always refresh the interior.

Combined finishing– this is an opportunity to play on the color and texture contrast of different materials. One such solution is to create a transition from the accent wall to the central part of the ceiling. The result is a kind of “island”, which acts as an element of accent zoning, focusing attention on a specific functional area.

Draperies on the ceiling are appropriate in those rooms where it is important to create a cozy and inviting atmosphere. These are living rooms, of course, bedrooms, children's rooms, and also open verandas.

Multi-level ceilings with gilded stucco decoration, sculptural borders, inserts of draperies, mirrors or coffered slabs and built-in niches for cascading chandeliers with “tears” allow you to reproduce the atmosphere of luxury in the Baroque, Rococo or Empire style.

“Starry sky” ceilings are very beautiful, and if the “stars” have a twinkling effect, then it is doubly beautiful. It is unknown how long the aesthetic pleasure from contemplating the mysteriously glittering space above your head lasts. own home and the feeling of novelty remains, but this shining splendor will definitely impress guests and, most likely, even cause secret envy.

Repair - this word causes a feeling of panic in many people. The choice of materials, style, type of finish - with a huge amount of all this, it will be very difficult for the uninitiated to understand. Previously, the entire renovation consisted of several stages - wallpaper was hung, doors were painted, ceilings were whitewashed. Now it is very important stage any repair, and in order to avoid difficulties, it is necessary to understand the types of modern ceilings and materials for their finishing.

The modern market for construction and finishing materials provides enormous opportunities for repairing the ceiling and its surface. The variety is simply amazing: various ways fastenings, shapes, materials and a huge range of colors. All this allows you to choose the required type of ceiling for any room, not only in terms of technical characteristics, but also in accordance with aesthetic qualities. Let's get acquainted with what modern ceilings are.

Classification by fastening method and material.

Depending on the installation method and technology, all ceilings can be divided into the following several types:

False ceilings- attached directly to the ceiling using glue. This type of ceiling is used in cases where no communications (electrical wiring, etc.) are provided in the space between the main ceiling and the underlay (decorative covering).
- installed on a special frame attached to the ceiling, at a distance of approximately 10 centimeters from the main ceiling itself.
Stretch ceiling- PVC film or special fabric, stretched over the entire ceiling area on special fastenings (also at a distance of about 10 cm from the base).

At first glance, suspended and suspended ceilings are very similar, but this is not so. We discussed the difference between a suspended ceiling and a suspended ceiling in the previous article, which you can go to by clicking on the link.

Repairing ceilings is a rather complex, but at the same time creative task. From a huge variety of suspended and figured ceiling structures, you need to choose one that suits both the style of the room and its functional purpose. In a high-rise building with low ceilings, you need to think through the design carefully so that you don’t hit the chandelier with your head.

The covering material must be selected in accordance with the purpose of the room. It is also important to take into account the fact that sometimes the room can be flooded by neighbors from above. Let's figure out which ceiling is most suitable in certain situations.

Peculiarities

Choosing a ceiling for an apartment is a task in which many factors should be taken into account. It is especially important to understand the desired end result or installation technology in order to assess your capabilities in advance:

Material, from which the ceiling is made. The most common options here are PVC or polyvinyl chloride film. This ceiling will feel good in a bathroom or any other room with a high level of humidity. It can be easily washed, because it does not absorb moisture at all. The material with exactly the opposite characteristics is heat-resistant fabric. Moisture passes through the material in places, so it is better to install such a ceiling in living rooms. But during installation, no heating process or heat press is involved, so all work goes quickly, and there is no pungent odor, which usually takes a long time to dissipate.

Texture surfaces ceiling material, which can be glossy, matte or fabric. Thus, a glossy surface creates the effect of a mirror on the ceiling, but, for example, in the bedroom, not everyone wants to look at their reflection while lying in bed. That is why glossy stretch ceilings are installed either in the bathroom or in offices and fitness clubs. The matte version does not reflect anything, but it is more difficult to clean, and it costs an order of magnitude more than the glossy one, so it is better not to use it for the kitchen. A stretch heat-shrink ceiling with a visible fiber textured coating looks very stylish and expensive, but in the event of a leak from above, it will be irretrievably lost due to a fairly high price and complex installation.

Type of fasteners The original design of the building will tell you. So, for PVC slats, you can choose one of two popular options - a gapless butt joint or where the gap will be covered by a plastic slats like a plinth at the edges. The latest technology is convenient because everything looks beautiful from an aesthetic point of view, because all the joints are hidden under the corner strips, and in case of a leak, the slabs can be partially dismantled in a short time. The ceiling made of a special fabric creates an impressive and unique design, but is attached to a very inconvenient harpoonless system. The latches there do not allow the ceiling to be dismantled, that is, if it is partially damaged, the entire covering will have to be removed once and for all.

We must take into account temperature regime the room and the degree of its ventilation, because the type of ceiling material chosen also depends on this. For example, vinyl is very good for a bathroom or kitchen, because it does not absorb moisture at all, but it does not “breathe”. To avoid the smell of factory rubber products, it is better to install vinyl ceilings only in well-ventilated rooms. PVC slabs that are sensitive to low temperatures should not be installed in poorly heated or not heated rooms such as temporary sheds or warehouses. The cost of PVC ceilings is quite low, and the strength of the slats is high, so you have to put up with this drawback.

When choosing a ceiling, you need to beware of fake materials of poor quality. It is worth knowing in advance that the correct vinyl is sold mainly in pieces of 3 meters, and the strips, cut into smaller parts, supposedly for the convenience of finishing slopes and other hard-to-reach places, are made without observing technological rules and environmental safety standards. Blade width fabric ceilings and even more - about 5 meters. Many buyers want to save money and buy a smaller piece, because the fabric is already expensive, and they don’t need so much material. It is better not to start from such a position, but to choose with reserve a durable, strong and, most importantly, “breathable” workpiece.

Pay attention to the description technological characteristics ceiling. For example, when choosing a fabric option, make sure that it is treated with a special polymer-based impregnation, which gives the material antistatic properties that resist the physical effects of an aggressive environment - temperature changes, ultraviolet radiation.
Explore the features of the house and its ceilings before selecting and installing the ceiling, so that you don’t have to regret such repairs later. If there are rodents in a country house, then the suspended ceiling will serve as an additional passage between the rooms for them, so at night you will hear them running overhead. Alternatively, you can choose regular whitewash or wallpaper in such a situation.

Before going to the store, be careful read reviews about specific manufacturers. It is also worth asking the seller on the spot to show documents proving that the product is certified.

Of course, in a market where the price tag will be significantly lower, you may not have to wait for any documents. As a result, poor-quality repairs will force you to pay twice in six months.

Types of structures

Flat

The simplest type of construction is a flat ceiling, in which the support goes clearly down and is evenly distributed along the walls. The larger the room, the thicker the ceiling surface must be to support the vaults, so stringing multi-level frames on top is not recommended here. In this situation, finishing with regular whitewash or plaster, or, at most, wallpaper or fabric, is suitable.

In large dance halls or warehouses To unload the walls, additional columns are often installed in the middle of the room. For such a design, we can offer flexible and easy-to-cut materials that duplicate the shape of the columns. In addition, all coatings should be weightless, but at the same time hide unsightly joints in the areas where supports are installed. Only in this case the fracture load will not be so sensitive, especially in a house with several floors.

Vaulted

A fashionable alternative to columns and other braces that help support the floor of a large room. Initially, this type of construction was very popular in the Middle Ages during the construction of Gothic cathedrals. This design involves its own braces, called buttresses, adjacent to the walls and not occupying a separate space.

If an ordinary flat ceiling rests on a bend in the wall, then here the entire load also goes down, but is distributed along the horizontal axis. The main composition is not weighed down by binding elements such as cement or polymer glue. The entire vault is laid out exclusively from bricks in the shape of an arch or semicircle in such a way that each brick, under the influence of gravity, is held behind the other, as if acting as a wall strut.

First, a temporary support like a column is placed in the center of the structure, and after installation is completed, it is removed. Ideally, the brickwork should remain undamaged at this point.

The main thing when installing a vaulted ceiling is to correctly calculate the area of each individual section of the vault so that the center falls exactly in the middle of the semicircle. The load now comes from the compression effect of the ceiling surface, so the walls must be strong enough, preferably at least two load-bearing ones out of four. Adding buttress supports will ease the pressure on the walls, but in modern design solutions this element is optional. If such supports are used now, they are more likely to be used as decoration.

In apartments, hardly anyone would dare to build a vaulted ceiling, but in a large country house or art space such finds are not uncommon. The vaults can either be left in the form of rough and untreated brickwork or whitewashed, it all depends on the overall design of the room.

The main advantage of such a ceiling structure is the ability to create the effect of a smooth and blurred transition from walls to ceiling. This optical illusion visually creates an atmosphere of lightness, ceiling height and overall increase in space.

Multi-level

It allows your imagination to run wild one hundred percent, because depending on the complexity of the design, you can change the character of the entire room. First, it is better to think through everything at the sketch or drawing stage. You may have to send some elements of your project to a specialized workshop for manufacturing, because there are designs that take several days to install.

The easiest option for self-made- the so-called border or any other figured strip along the entire perimeter of the ceiling. This method does not require special professional skills or equipment, but is already considered a full-fledged two-level ceiling that embodies the design talent of the owner.

You can try to connect individual shaped elements in one or more dimensions, or combine entire planes overlapping each other with several frames. If each level is decorated with built-in lighting of different shades and beam directions, you can create the atmosphere of a starry sky or a night disco. Of course, such a pleasure will not be cheap, and it is difficult to dismantle it, but there is a unique opportunity to bring your design project to life.

Without resorting to separating individual parts of the room with furniture or partitions, multi-level ceiling You can also successfully zoning a room while leaving maximum free space.

Combination of different materials and techniques in design double ceiling will give the interior new colors. The most common option here is drywall, which is easy to cut and bend, but is also quite strong. You can try to cover one level with gypsum plaster boards, and make the other with tension, for example, using vinyl, PVC film or textiles. The difficulty from a technical point of view is the installation of several frames at once in one ceiling plane. But this creates an interesting combination of the glossy surface of the tension part and matte gypsum board slats.

Many are frightened by the high final cost of a multi-level ceiling, but with proper calculation, you can purchase several types of materials at a price similar to that paid for covering the entire ceiling exclusively with plasterboard. Among the undoubted advantages of multi-level structures are the expansion of space and an increase in the volume of the room, albeit purely visual.

Despite the popular belief that suspended ceilings only eat up space, certain shades and highlights from the mirrored glossy surface of vinyl can achieve the opposite effect even in cubicles with a low ceiling.

A more neat appearance is given to the ceiling by the ability to remove into the frames all electrical wiring that is unnecessary to the prying eye, unnecessary parts of lighting fixtures, and sometimes even air conditioners, heating and ventilation outlets. In a children's room, you can create entire worlds on the ceiling in the form of a glowing moon and sun or a green meadow. Flowers or favorite cartoon characters are glued or painted onto individual panels.

Materials

Reiki

The most common type of ceiling among middle-class buyers is the suspended ceiling type. It is easy to install, and the abundance of different materials for this design allows you to find an option for every taste and budget.

The rack system is most often chosen for self-installation of the ceiling. In addition, the initial surface should not be perfectly smooth, without previous paint or plaster layers. Quite voluminous, compared to the same wallpaper, the slats easily adhere to almost any base. They are thin steel or aluminum plates in a layer of varnish that performs protective and shockproof functions.

For small rooms in apartment buildings or offices, suspended slatted ceilings will come in handy, because this material can be easily cut to any length and shape.

From positive qualities ceiling slats can be distinguished by their durability, resistance to high humidity conditions, ease of installation, environmental friendliness and fire resistance, as well as variety color shades. The few disadvantages of the rack and pinion system are its instability to deformation due to earth movements and vibrations. Even after installation, it is practically impossible to reach the space between the slats and the ceiling itself - this is inconvenient if there is flooding from above or the need to hide the wires of lighting and other equipment installed after repairs.

PVC

Ceilings from plastic panels PVC or even linings are most often found in premises not for year-round use, but in country houses or technical buildings. They can be easily installed in poorly and irregularly heated rooms, because even if the panels freeze, they will not absorb moisture, because, in fact, they are waterproof. Also, the advantages of these panel coverings, in addition to the low price, are ease of installation and the ability to reject corrosive odors, so you can cover the ceiling with clapboard, for example, in an open kitchen with a stove or barbecue.

Thanks to the wide color choice even from cheap material you can make a single ensemble with suitable interior so that its quality is not so obvious. The only thing that may worry you is the flammability of PVC, when caustic substances are released during a fire. Also, the above-mentioned panels may not withstand strong mechanical stress, as well as excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation. With all this, even faded panels will retain all their properties for a long time. best qualities, for example, strength and lack of predisposition to deformation.

What can be confusing about a PVC stretch ceiling is the difficulty in self-installation without professional training and the relative high cost of the material compared to the same drywall.

Less common in decoration are the so-called cassette ceilings, consisting of individual square panels - cassettes. They can be seen mainly in offices or retail spaces, rather than in apartments. This is because they are quite expensive, they do not provide sound insulation at all, and due to the frame structure they reduce the height of already not very high ceilings in high-rise buildings. Why they like to be installed in offices is their resistance to high humidity, easy and quick installation in large spaces, as well as environmental safety.

Drywall

The favorite method of finishing the ceiling among Russians is a hemmed version made from plasterboard panels. With relative cheapness this material allows you to realize design ideas with multi-level spaces. It is not so difficult to install, but thanks to the frame system, you can hide all unwanted elements such as electrical wiring or air conditioning inside. In addition, drywall is absolutely safe in terms of ecology and fire hazard.

GKL boards can be easily mounted on any surface, even poorly processed and uneven. After an unsuccessful repair, the ceiling will again become perfectly smooth under the plasterboard covering. In addition to the wires, a layer of thermal insulation such as mineral wool can be laid in the box from the frame to create the necessary microclimate in a poorly heated room. Drywall lends itself well to cutting and is very flexible, so here you can “play” with built-in lighting, especially if you make different types of lighting at different levels.

The main disadvantage of drywall is its fear of moisture, so it is still not worth installing in the bathroom or even in the kitchen. Also, with its low initial cost, subsequent costs may come up, for example, for the necessary painting or wallpapering after installation.

But the most important problem for gypsum boards is apartment buildings With low ceilings– its ability to subtract up to 10-15 cm from the total height due to the frame structure.

Natural materials

Ceilings of this type have always been highly valued, but they were also quite expensive. However, you don’t mind spending any money on the wonderful aroma of wood.

Separately, panels made of wooden lining are distinguished as the most a budget option in the line of wood coverings. Essentially, this is the same wooden board or MDF-type panel, fixed to the ceiling with special shunt connections, which are then not so easy to dismantle.

Naturally, the main advantage of wood is its environmental friendliness and ability to “breathe”. The main thing here is not to cut off oxygen to it by applying a synthetic varnish on top, which will close all the pores of the panels. In addition to durability, wooden lining is also distinguished by its resistance to moisture, which is why bathhouses are traditionally made of logs, including the ceiling from the inside.

Tile

The adhesive ceiling looks like tiles, but on an adhesive base. It often replaces expensive decorative stucco, so it is very popular for renovating residential premises. With minimal maintenance and easy handling, the adhesive material is also easy to install and resists moisture. Unlike drywall, a completely smooth ceiling base is required here, so it will first need to be cleaned and degreased, which will require additional time and money.

Adhesive tiles are also quite fragile and, despite all their external splendor, can crumble from strong vibrations.

Design

Modern technologies, together with unusual design solutions, make it possible to independently implement ceiling ideas in any room. In residential premises, if the ceiling height allows, you can freely combine different techniques, materials and textured patterns.

The most favorite and simplest way to decorate a surface is whitewashing or plaster. A whitewashed ceiling is very easy to manufacture, its cost is extremely low, and the neutral white color is the most versatile option for any interior. Since the whitewash layer is very thin, it is first necessary to carefully prepare the surface for application. And whitewash itself is very short-lived, so recently, despite its cheapness, it has taken a back seat compared to more universal decorative coatings.

Plaster is not inferior in popularity to whitewashing, since it does not require much cleaning of the surface and laying numerous additional layers of primer. Unfortunately, it is also not particularly durable.

Ceiling to be painted, which was previously only used in technical and utility buildings, is now popular in both living rooms and loft-type spaces. Painting is simply irreplaceable in cases where the required shade is very difficult to find in any other way. It lasts longer than, for example, whitewashing, is practical and does not require complex care. In addition to color variety, you can achieve glossy paint or matte surface ceiling.

Surfaces to be painted, however, also begin to crumble within a year or after the first leak from above.

A good alternative would be special wallpaper for painting for ceilings or the same regular wallpaper for walls. In addition to numerous colors, you can achieve the desired texture and grain pattern to match the furniture or rug in the room. Being a frameless technology, wallpaper does not bring large financial costs, and also successfully covers minor surface roughness. Although wallpaper can last a little longer than whitewashing, it is still not considered a durable material. This coating is also quite difficult to glue even with two pairs of hands, let alone on your own.

The surface must be carefully prepared before gluing, cleaned and degreased, and if possible, apply a layer of primer before gluing, otherwise the wallpaper will begin to peel off within a month.

The so-called liquid wallpaper. They are easier than usual to stick to the ceiling and create extraordinary textures and patterns. If you find an option with 3D drawings, you can, for example, make a high-quality imitation of the starry sky in a children's room. Despite the high price, liquid wallpaper is chosen for its durability and ability not to fade in rooms facing the sunny side. Disadvantages include the prohibition of wet cleaning and the inability to restore them in case of minor damage.

Fixed ceilings are made from gypsum plasterboard, MDF and fiberboard. All of the above materials are durable, fire resistant and environmentally friendly. Drywall also holds up well in conditions of high indoor humidity and is not affected by high temperatures. Using the same materials in a more expensive price category, you can get not only different colors and textures of the ceiling, but even create the effect of brickwork or timber, tiles or stone finishing, which will give a special charm and noble look to any home.

Suspended ceilings allow you to play with space, as well as zone it by installing ceiling structures of different textures in separate parts of the room. On a wooden or metal frame you can place, for example, cassette tiles made of steel or aluminum alloys. This material is not flammable, quite wear-resistant, and is not subject to deformation or moisture. It is convenient for them to cover large spaces, so cassette ceiling often seen in offices and other commercial spaces.

A slatted ceiling is considered the most reliable and long-lasting cladding option. Metal slats are conveniently cut to the desired size of the room, hard-to-reach niches and corners and do not break during installation or extreme use. Among the positive qualities of the rack system, one can note its resistance to moisture and non-flammability. It is easy to care for such a ceiling - you only need to wash it occasionally, because the slats do not collect dirt and dust, and also do not rot due to temperature changes.

Most of these qualities can be boasted by mirrored ceilings, creating additional volume in the room by reflecting interior items. Don’t forget about the advantage of all suspended ceilings in general, such as the ability to hide wires and surface roughness under the frame, lay a layer of insulation there, or build in lighting.

Stretch ceilings are the most popular seamless technology used in apartment renovations. Most often, the tension structure is installed in the bathroom and kitchen - places with high humidity, since the film does not absorb anything. The bathroom, as an area of increased risk of flooding from neighbors above, is usually decorated with a suspended ceiling, because it can withstand a large volume of water and not tear.

However, the film is easily damaged by the slightest mechanical impact from a sharp object, so lighting here must be installed with care.

Like a suspended structure, a suspended ceiling can hide medium-sized wall irregularities. A rich selection of shades also allows the ceiling to blend in with the wall tiles and attract less attention if the ceiling is uneven. Among the disadvantages of tension materials, we can highlight the high cost and complexity of installation, which not every amateur craftsman can do. You should also not install suspended ceilings in poorly heated or open rooms, because at temperatures below 5C the film loses all its protective properties.

Color spectrum

Modern ceilings are produced in a variety of color palette– both panels and tension options. That is why, by choosing the right shade, colored material can become an ideal complement to the rest of the room's interior. White, as it was, remains a classic, creating a noble background in any room.

If you haven't found the right one desired shade ceiling covering, you can always use wallpaper or plaster for painting.

Style

Ceiling in french style can combine a crisp white tension background with a white slatted frame. He always gives even small room noble appearance and is already considered a classic design for living rooms in apartments.

Modern technologies make it possible, using a play of colors and textures, to give the ceiling any style of the room - the jungle, the starry sky, and everything that your imagination allows. The most unique design will be the high-tech format, where gray steel panels at the corners and uneven geometric structures at different levels create ragged corners and a space-like atmosphere.

Which ones are better to do?

When choosing the type of ceiling covering for a particular room, it is necessary to take into account the functional affiliation of the room, who lives there, the direction of the world on which the windows face, and much more. In the bathroom, for example, you cannot glue wallpaper to the ceiling.

In the living room you can install both suspended and suspended ceilings, it all depends on your financial capabilities. For a more presentable and elegant design, a hanging option with imitation wood or other texture would be perfect. If the room is small in size it will fit more successfully into the interior tension material with a glossy surface, thanks to the reflection of surfaces, visually expanding the space. Among the more economical models, they often choose a plaster ceiling of the hemmed type or even whitewash with wallpaper, because the climatic conditions in the room are usually not extreme.

It would be a big mistake to install a cassette structure, since its appearance creates the atmosphere of a government institution rather than home comfort, therefore it is more often used in offices or retail premises.

In the bedroom it would be more logical to install calm and neutral ceiling structures that do not attract attention. The main purpose of staying in the room is to relax and unwind, so you should not choose bright wallpaper for the ceiling or mirror, even if the room is small in size. It is better to expand the space using the glossy surface of a stretch ceiling, MDF panels or textured tiles. Paintable plasterboard that blends in with the walls will also fit well into the bedroom interior.

The children's room can be decorated in more cheerful colors using multi-level designs, where each zone will have its own pattern, colorful spot or even a fresco with stucco.

The kitchen is a place where you can give free rein to your imagination and a riot of colors., because there we don’t so much relax as actively spend time, so the eye needs to cling to something. Some materials for decorating the ceiling, such as wallpaper, are immediately eliminated due to sudden temperature changes during cooking and turning on the stove, as well as high humidity and constant evaporation of both water and corrosive food odors.

The ceiling material must be easy to wipe off with a damp cloth and meet hygiene requirements in terms of preventing the formation of fungus, environmental and fire safety. Minimum investment requires PVC installation panels, but they will last quite a long time. Such types as suspended, suspended or gypsum ceilings will be more expensive, but they will easily cover up all the flaws of the original surface.

The bathroom has almost the same conditions as the kitchen., only the humidity regime is even more severe, so their set of materials for the ceiling is similar. In this room, the main thing is to prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria, so any ceiling surface must be impregnated with special protective agents.

Chipboard panels, like wallpaper with plasterboard, are not suitable here, because they will begin to rot from constant contact with water within a couple of months. If you cover the slats with an anti-corrosion compound, they will be able to live in the bathroom for a long time, and the reflections will metal surface will visually increase the space of a usually small room. In addition, the slats are easy to clean and do not leave streaks or deposits on their surface. The most versatile option for this room is a suspended ceiling. It is expensive, but for a bathroom a couple of meters wide, the material consumption should not be prohibitive for the family budget.

In multi-storey buildings of the old Khrushchev type, the ceilings are already very low - from 220 to 240 cm. It is not worth aggravating the situation by installing multi-level frame structures that can take up another 10 cm of space. At the same time, if you need to hide electrical wiring or surface unevenness from prying eyes, then you cannot do without a stretch or suspended ceiling. Then choose materials with a glossy surface so that the mirror effect expands the space, as well as built-in lighting, rather than chandeliers hanging another half meter on your head.

In houses built in the early 2000s, the ceilings are much higher, so you can indulge in the pleasure of implementing bold ideas in suspended or tensioned structures. It's worth remembering that new house a few years after construction it will settle a little, sometimes even to the point of cracks in the ceiling. The suspended format will perfectly cover these newly formed problems, and if you initially install the frame with a small margin, then no one will notice the subsidence of the house.

In a private mansion, you can choose almost any type of ceiling, but do not forget that large rooms are more difficult to heat evenly, so if possible, it is better to add a layer of insulation even to the ceiling. In a semi-open attic, the rules of choice are the same as for the living quarters of the house, but the material must also be resistant to low temperatures, and to high humidity. Both tiles and MDF panels fit these criteria.

Manufacturers

It is considered one of the most popular in Russia slatted ceiling companies "Bard". According to customer reviews, it is easy and quick to install, like Lego constructor, that is, installing it yourself within a day will not be a problem. Just like the ceiling from the manufacturer Clipso, it is easy to maintain, and its glossy surface can be wiped with a damp cloth. The slats are lightweight, so even store delivery is not needed - the trunk of a passenger car can easily accommodate the entire structure. Unlike other numerous brands produced in the Russian Federation, “Bard” is easy to buy not only in a light modification, but also to alternate white stripes with silver ones to obtain the effect of a wide panel and a unique interior design.

The Clipso ceiling is the easiest to cut with metal scissors, which is very convenient when you need to get around a pipe protrusion or a lamp. “Bard” hides wall unevenness well and serves for up to 10 years without the slightest deformation.

Very popular recently for decoration large premises steel decorative ceilings Apply with patterned cutouts on tension cloth. Customers love that they can buy as ready-made options designs such as butterflies or flowers, or cut out your own unique pattern to order. Many people complain, in addition to the exorbitantly high price, that dust gets clogged into the small patterned holes, which is quite difficult to wipe off, especially if the ceiling in the room is high.

Ceiling Cesal also represented mainly by the rack and pinion system, which is gaining popularity due to its low price. However, reviews indicate that this material is inferior in ease of assembly and strength of the entire structure as a whole to the same Clipso ceiling.

There are several main signs by which you can distinguish quality material for repairing the ceiling from fakes. By following some simple tips, you can choose the right coating:

The most important feature is the price. You should not chase cheapness and decorate your living space with untested materials from the market where no one can provide a quality certificate. Savings now can ultimately result in repeated repairs in just a few months.
Specific sheet sizes in which the material is traditionally supplied. Vinyl, for example, usually comes in sheets of 3 meters, and deviations up or down indicate a fake. Even if the seller says that a different panel format is now in fashion for ease of use, you shouldn’t believe him.
There is a smell that follows everywhere after installation and does not disappear even after a week. This phenomenon means the presence of toxic materials in the house, so it is better to dismantle such a ceiling as soon as possible.

Beautiful examples in the interior

A bright and cheerful symbol of oriental harmony - yin and yang, on the ceiling is suitable not only for a yoga room, but also for a children's room or living room. Two-level combination of tension fabrics different colors with built-in lighting harmonizes with the color of the walls.

An important place during repairs is occupied by the question of what kind of ceilings there are and which are the best. When choosing a ceiling covering, first of all, pay attention to cost, quality and appearance. Let's try to understand the types of ceiling coverings by considering the advantages and disadvantages of commercially available materials.

Types of ceiling coverings

Modern varieties of ceiling coverings allow you to choose the best option for any room. Let's look at what types of ceilings there are and what the materials from which they are made are:

View	Description
Whitewash	The most inexpensive option that requires preparatory measures for the ceiling surface. The coating is applied with a roller or brush. Not resistant to high humidity, easily soiled
Painting	Budget-friendly, suitable for different rooms. Apply in several parts to a cleaned and leveled ceiling. Good color choice, but short-lived (up to 2 years)
Wallpaper	Preferably on a non-woven basis. For long service life it is important to choose the right glue. If the pasting is of poor quality, the material peels off at the joints
Expanded polystyrene tiles	Suitable for any ceiling surface, easy to install. Preparatory work is required. Afraid sun rays, burn out
Suspended structures (plasterboard, cassette, slatted)	Cover surface defects and communications without preparatory measures. Easy installation, possibility of mounting multi-level systems. Need high-quality fasteners to increase service life
Tensioners	Popular option with many colors. Possibility of combination with suspended structures. Reliable but more expensive
Hemmed (metal, plasterboard sheets, chipboard).	They are mounted on a lathing fixed to the ceilings. A good method for rooms with low ceilings; no preparation of the area is required. Hides small surface defects. Quite a heavy design

Look at the photo what types of ceilings there are and their installation in rooms for various purposes. To make an informed choice in favor of a certain type of ceiling covering, you need to know about the advantages of the materials from which they are made.

preliminary measures are only needed if ceilings are whitened or painted;
tension fabrics have good noise insulation parameters;
Stretch ceilings last the longest (up to 10 years), and whitewash has the shortest service life (3 years);
suspended ceilings are an opportunity to create interesting solutions on several levels;
During operation, any ceiling coverings may crack. The exception is tension fabrics;
suspended ceilings do not tolerate high indoor humidity;
Tensile structures are installed the fastest (several hours). Painting and whitewashing may take five days;
Without the involvement of specialists, you can install any ceiling covering, except for tension.

Knowing what kind of ceilings there are in the house, and having familiarized yourself with the service life of ceiling coverings, you can make the right choice.

Types of stretch fabrics

You can look at the proposed photos to see what types of suspended ceilings there are, and in which rooms it is best to install them. Tension fabrics are made to order, with preliminary measurements of the ceiling surface.

Let's figure out what types of suspended ceilings there are, the essence of which is the frame and the canvas itself. Depending on the material of the canvas, you can judge what kind of suspended ceilings there are:

fabric. Synthetic fabrics are treated with a special, safe impregnation to provide reliability and longer service life. The structure of the fabric in the form of woven fibers allows the material to breathe, so its service life is quite long. The finished canvas can reach 5 meters in width, which allows the structure to be mounted without seams. The fabric is not afraid of low temperatures;
film sheets(polyvinyl chloride). Despite the small film thickness, the canvas can withstand significant water pressure. Before installation, a metal profile is mounted, then the canvas is attached to the frame at the corners. Using a gun, the canvas is heated at the final stage of installation.

Now, what are the materials for suspended ceilings by structure:

matte. This is the most common option, the classic. They have good soundproofing properties. The material is odorless, non-flammable, and resistant to mechanical damage. Combines with any interior. Typically available in white;
glossy Visually expand the space of any room. It is recommended to install in rooms with low ceilings. Do not accumulate condensate;
satin A variety of matte canvases with a pearlescent sheen. During installation, the coating does not need to be heated with a heat gun; it is fixed to the frame using a special fixing device. It is impossible to mount a multi-level structure because the canvases are inelastic.

Familiarize yourself with the texture and shape of suspended ceilings in the photo. Each type of canvas imitates some finishing material. You can see what kind of suspended ceilings there are in the pictures below.

When choosing a stretch ceiling covering, try to pay attention to such characteristics as the purpose of the room, the style of the interior, and how intense the natural light is.

Types of suspended ceilings

Let's talk about what types of suspended ceilings there are. The following varieties are distinguished:

from plasterboard. Universal option, with the possibility of installing a multi-level structure. You can divide the room into zones using niches, ledges and levels. Covers defects in the ceiling surface and communication elements. You can use various lighting options. Virtually not subject to mechanical damage;
suspended tile structures. An inexpensive option, rarely used for residential premises. First, the frame is mounted, then the slabs are attached to it. The most tangible advantage is easy access to communications that are closed by the profile. Fragile structure;
cassette systems. Ceiling covering assembled from aluminum or zinc modules (cassettes). Cassettes are squares (usually with a side of 60 cm), which are attached to a pre-assembled frame. Fastening is carried out in two ways - open or closed. With hidden installation, the frame is completely covered with modules, which can be easily removed if necessary. The open installation option creates the appearance of a supporting frame;
rack and pinion Aluminum or polyvinyl chloride structures (slats) are used. After installation, they resemble clapboard cladding. Look at the photos of what kinds of suspended ceilings made of slats are available. They are performed in three positions: Italian, German and designer. Rack and pinion systems They have a long service life and are not subject to deformation. The advantage is the ease of construction, which does not require the installation of a reinforced frame;
PVC slats. Narrow slats are made of plastic (lining), and wider ones are panels. There are expensive, mirrored options. Easy installation. Waterproof material. Most often used as a ceiling covering in the bathroom or kitchen.

Look at the photos what they are like suspended ceilings, and in what rooms these or other structures are installed.

After familiarizing yourself with the types of ceiling coverings, you can decide which design is right for you. Before choosing, look again carefully at the photos of what kind of ceilings there are in the apartment, and what materials the coverings are made of.

The choice depends not only on the purpose of the room, but also on your preferences, imagination and capabilities. There is no need to chase after some popular and expensive solutions. It's better to choose what you really like.

Repair work is real individual solution. And tastes are different, and beauty is perceived differently.

When choosing the type of finish for the ceiling surface, look not only at the advantages of the material, but also take into account all the disadvantages. For example, if you decide to install a tension fabric in a large room, then you cannot avoid visible seams on the installed structure.

When choosing a ceiling finish, take into account the country of origin, first consult with experts, and read reviews.