A septic tank is a local sewage system on a site. There are many varieties of systems and types.
These include simple structures made independently and treatment plants. This article should help you in choosing the best septic tank for a private home.
The main purpose is to collect, settle and purify wastewater. Used in places where there is no centralized system- in dacha areas, outside the city.
There are several parameters by which this component of the local sewage system is classified:
- by the number of wells;
- by material;
- on constructive solutions.
Based on the number of wells, there are single-chamber, two-chamber and three-chamber wells. The materials used in production are steel, reinforced concrete, and plastic. Based on their design, they are classified into storage tanks, with soil purification, and with deep filtration.
Cumulative
Consists of one chamber or two interconnected wells. The waste that enters the hermetically sealed storage facility is divided into liquid and solid. Organic substances are broken down and the liquid settles. To prevent the chambers from overfilling, they should be pumped out periodically.
This option is considered not the most expensive. They are used in dachas where people live only during the season or on weekends. In this case, you can clean it once a year.
Important: storage systems should be used when there is a small amount of wastewater, for example, in dachas, otherwise the cost of their maintenance will be high.
Concrete rings and plastic containers are used in the construction of the structure.
With soil purification
In a house with permanent residence and the presence of running water, the best option would be to install an overflow structure. In it, the liquid not only settles, but is also further purified.
This type requires pumping less often. It is cleaned with your own hands every two to three years. To increase this period, special bacteria are used. As a result of their activities, the amount of denser waste is significantly reduced.
The only caveat to using this model is the soil type. It cannot be built on an area with clay soil and high groundwater level.
With biological treatment
The decomposition of waste in such a plant occurs in several stages and using various methods. First, liquid and solid waste fractions are separated. Then the denser ones settle to the bottom, and bioprocessing of organic matter occurs.
This model is more of a treatment station equipped with a compressor. It is quite expensive, but it neutralizes up to 95% of waste matter. Installed in areas located near a reservoir or with high groundwater level. During operation, it does not emit any odors.
The principle of operation of a septic tank is based on connection to electrical networks. If the power supply is unstable, the station will not be able to operate.
Anaerobic and aerobic
Some types of modern settling tanks use bacteria. During their life, they absorb waste and contribute to the natural purification of wastewater. According to the principle of operation they are:
- aerobic;
- anaerobic.
Aerobic bacteria purify and clarify the liquid by 95-98%. At the exit from the aerobic system, it corresponds to those accepted for process water requirements. This liquid can be used to water the soil or fill a pond.
An anaerobic septic tank requires constant maintenance. Every two months it is necessary to add bioactivator to ensure wastewater treatment at the proper level. The advantages of using this type include the low cost of construction.
How to choose
In parallel with the construction of the house, a sewerage system is also being designed. Previously, they didn’t really care about this, and all the masses simply merged into cesspools.
Later they began to be replaced with septic tanks - containers for collecting wastewater from a residential building. To know which sump to choose, you should study all the factors that influence its location on the site.
Taking into account the type of soil
The type of soil on the site should be taken into account. Some of them are not suitable for use in clay rock, while others are preferable to be installed in sandy soil.
You should follow a few simple rules in your work:
- at location groundwater at a depth of one and a half meters it is difficult to prepare drainage for a three-section sump;
- on sandy soil it is preferable to install a container with biological treatment. The liquid is directly discharged into the sand, where it is absorbed. Filtration drainage is arranged closer to the surface;
- at a high position surface waters the option with deep biological treatment should be used. It is made heavier using improvised means or fixed.
Clay is an unstable material, which requires additional work in the installation of a sump. At the end of the frost, the structure of the clay changes, it thaws and pushes the structure out of the soil. Therefore, a septic tank in clay rock is equipped with additional metal fasteners during installation.
For containers used in clayey soils, two filtration fields are installed. To do this, two trenches are brought to the sump. In one there are, and in the other there is a layer of gravel, the height of which is up to 30 cm.
Seasonality and volume calculation
An important point when choosing the type of sump is the period of residence at the dacha or in your home. When installing minimum set For plumbing, an inexpensive single-chamber storage option is quite suitable.
Despite its simplicity, it is qualitatively different from a cesspool. Sand or crushed stone is poured into the bottom of the storage tank. Thus, a filtration layer is formed that purifies wastewater with a 50% result.
For longer stays, you should purchase a compact two-chamber version. It consists of sections for settling and infiltration of wastewater. The use of this type of equipment is effective if the volume of drainage masses does not exceed its standard value.
Important: When purchasing a septic tank, carefully consider the choice of its technical characteristics. Particular attention should be paid to the number of residents it is designed for.
If you live permanently and have sufficient funds, it is better to purchase a whole station, consisting of two or three sections. It can be factory-made or constructed independently from reinforced concrete rings.
When constructing it, a single- or double-chamber storage tank and a filter section are combined. The settling tanks are made airtight, and the filtration septic tank has a drainage bottom made of sand and crushed stone. The liquid is pumped out from the storage sections using a vacuum cleaner, and the filter is changed every three years. This multi-chamber sedimentation tank purifies wastewater by 90%.
The volume of the device is calculated based on the average daily rate of sewage per person. This figure is 200 liters. Also, when calculating the capacity of the sump, the number of people living in the house and the possibility of accumulating a three-day supply are taken into account. For example, for a family of three people, the volume is calculated as follows: 200 * 3 people * 3 days - equal to 1800 liters.
If guests arrive, the resulting volume should be increased by two thirds: 1800 * 1.66 - equal to 3000 liters.
The recommended depth of settling tanks is 1.3-5 meters. Using these data, their cubic capacity is determined and selected required type. For wastewater volumes up to 1 cubic meter. use a single-chamber version, with a volume of up to 10 cubic meters. choose a two-chamber type if the volume of waste is more than 10 cubic meters. – three-chamber, with a drainage field.
A settling tank with a filtration field combines two or three wells. The drainage zone covers an area underground of at least 30 square meters. The distance from the field to the house is 30 meters.
If the groundwater level is high in the area, it is recommended to install a multi-section septic tank with a biofilter. This model includes four compartments: a settling tank, an anaerobic chamber where large wastes decompose, a separator containing a filter with microorganisms, and an aerobic septic tank with forced ventilation.
The performance of the proposed wastewater treatment plants meets a wide variety of needs. There are small options for sale for servicing a family of one or two people, and entire treatment complexes for servicing a holiday village.
Material for production
Most models of modern multi-chamber devices used in private homes are made from PVC. Often there are products from of stainless steel and fiberglass.
The main advantage of plastic products is their low weight. Their installation does not require the involvement of a special construction equipment. On the other hand, this quality is also a disadvantage, since the container can float or be subjected to mechanical impact soil. To protect the structure, concreting the walls of the pit and securing the septic tank with belts is used.
The choice of product material determines its service life and operational reliability:
- Reinforced concrete rings used in the construction of settling tanks are not subject to destructive corrosion processes. To install them, you need to use special equipment.
- Metal structures are durable and low cost. But perhaps these are the only advantages. Such types require additional waterproofing work. The inner walls are constantly in contact with active chemical material, which leads to destruction.
- Fiberglass is a chemically neutral material, durable, lightweight and resistant to temperature changes.
For your information: products made from fiberglass are the most practical to use, they have long term operation.
For cleaning structures in country houses, factory-made or home-made settling tanks are used.
Options made with your own hands from scrap materials are suitable only for summer cottages with seasonal residence of several people. For a home with permanent residence, it is better to use a purchased installation that guarantees long-term and safe waste disposal.
The use of a two-chamber device allows for primary wastewater treatment and safe disposal of purified water into the soil.
Service
Trouble-free operation of a septic tank requires its maintenance. This work is carried out on our own or with the assistance of specialists.
Simple two-chamber structures, made by hand, are maintained by the home owners themselves. These works include pumping out solid fractions and sludge from the settling chamber, replacing microorganisms to decompose organic matter, and inspecting ventilation and overflow pipes.
The filter layer at the bottom of the leaking chamber should be replaced every three years. This should be done because the bottom becomes silted, which leads to a deterioration in its performance.
By performing these simple operations, you will extend the operation of your local sewage system for several years.
If your home is served by a multi-chamber treatment station, then its disassembly, filter cleaning, and membrane replacement should be carried out by qualified specialists.
Costs for local sewerage installation
The cheapest designs are sedimentation tanks or sewer tanks. If you dig a pit yourself, then the financial costs will only go to purchasing a container for wastewater. The approximate price of septic tanks with a volume of 1.4 to 5.0 thousand liters is 15.0-62.0 thousand rubles.
When installing a local sewer system, the costs include not only the purchase of sedimentation tanks, but also the purchase of pipes, waterproofing, and the purchase of components for.
The cost, consisting of two or three reinforced concrete settling tanks with waterproofing and a cushion of sand and crushed stone, is about 42.0-47.0 thousand rubles. The price depends on the diameter of the rings, their number, and the choice of water purification method.
The used deep biological wastewater treatment plants are expensive. Arranged in the form of combined blocks, equipped with biofilters. They are made of reinforced concrete, plastic and metal. Price from 80.0 to 345.0 thousand rubles.
Popular models and principles of operation
- two-chamber septic tank with drainage field. It allows you to make drains cleaner and use the services of a sewer cleaner less often. The drainage area occupies up to 30 square meters. areas underground. The distance from the house is at least 30 m;
- multi-section settling tank with biofilter. It is used in case of permanent residence of a family of 3-4 people in a country house and when there is a high level of groundwater on the site.
The standard model consists of four sections: the settling tank itself, a chamber for breaking down coarse waste with anaerobic waste, a separator with microorganisms, and an aerobic septic tank that plays the role of a drainage field.
Designs can be found to meet a wide variety of user requirements. These could also be wastewater treatment plants. Rating:
- "Triton". Compact in size three-chamber sump for a summer residence.
Available in models whose volume ranges from 2 to 40 cubic meters. Cleaning of coarse waste is carried out twice a year. The service life, if the rules are followed, is about 50 years.
During installation, the walls of the pit are concreted to securely secure the structure.
For small dachas with seasonal residence of one or two people, use two-chamber model"Triton mini".
- "Tank". The septic tank is made of high-strength plastic.
The principle of operation is based on the gradual purification of wastewater using sedimentation and the use of biofilters. The main advantages include ease of installation, high level of purification, and low cost. Cleaning is carried out every five years.
- "Topas". It is a volatile model, as it runs on electricity.
The wastewater undergoes purification in several stages: decomposition of large particles, reduction in the degree of their mineralization, mechanical removal of components. Allows you to purify wastewater by 98%, which is the most best indicator. Purified water is used to water the soil.
In order to pick up correct option, you should find out the requirements of its work and study the conditions of the site. Then compare the characteristics of models offered by different manufacturers.
Useful video
Detailed analysis:
Everything on the shelves:
If connecting to a centralized one is impossible, they choose to build an autonomous one. It is important to choose the right wastewater treatment method. There may be several options. Let's look at each of them and determine which septic tank is better.
All about choosing a septic tank
Types of waste disposal devices
A septic tank is a waterproof container in which wastewater is stored or treated. Equipment is classified according to the following criteria.
All units dispose of wastewater, but do so different ways. The degree of purification also varies. Based on this, several types are distinguished.
Septic tanks
Tanks of various capacities, completely sealed. They most often consist of one chamber, less often of two communicating compartments. Their function is to collect sewage, which is periodically removed by a sewer truck.
Advantages
- Can be placed anywhere on . The main thing is to leave a free entrance for the car.
- There is no need to equip a post-treatment system, for example, filtration fields that occupy a significant area. Moreover, they are difficult to install.
- High resistance to salvo discharges.
- Safe for the environment, provided that the seal is not broken.
- Energy independence and complete autonomy.
Flaws
There is, perhaps, only one drawback - the need for pumping.
Septic tanks
Consist of three or two chambers. Each one undergoes liquid purification. Depending on the design features and the type of “working” microorganisms, the water is clarified by 40-75%. Thus, anaerobic microorganisms are able to purify waste liquid by 40-60%.
Advantages
- Enough high degree wastewater treatment.
- Reliable, durable design.
- No power supply required.
Flaws
- Installation restrictions Various types soils.
- Permission for installation and operation is required.
- The need to regularly clean the first compartment from accumulated sludge. True, this happens much less frequently than pumping out the drive.
- Large area of the underground part of the structure, taking into account infiltrators and drainage wells.
In addition, you will have to periodically purchase bacteria and biofilters necessary for normal functioning.
Deep biopurification systems
A multi-chamber system where waste is decomposed by chemical, biological and mechanical methods.
At the end of the cycle, 96-97% purified water comes out. It is considered technical and is dumped into the ground or reservoir. No additional purification required. Good quality purification ensures the vital activity of aerobic bacteria and forced aeration. Possibility of installation in any type of soil.
Advantages
- Compactness.
- Takes up little space, considering that installation additional devices is not required for post-treatment.
- No regular pumping or cleaning necessary
Flaws
- The need to connect to the electrical network for the operation of aerators.
- Difficult maintenance. It is good that it is carried out regularly by specialists. Independent intervention will lead to incorrect operation of the equipment.
- Restrictions on the use of household chemicals. Some of them provoke the death of aerobes.
- The price is higher than that of other types of equipment.
Differences in the type of devices determine which septic tank to choose for a private home. For example, for a septic tank, a septic tank is suitable.
Criteria for choosing a septic tank for a country house
A competent choice of a recycling device is impossible without taking into account several defining criteria.
Materials
- Concrete monolith. Long lasting, very durable option. It is erected independently; formwork is used for installation. Quite difficult to manufacture.
- Reinforced concrete rings. Like the previous option, they are durable and last a long time. They need reliable sealing. They can only be installed using special equipment.
- or brick structures. They are erected from the bottom of the pit. Effective sealing is required, otherwise the material will collapse under the influence of moisture. Installation is difficult.
- Plastic tanks. Lightweight, relatively durable, different low price. Insensitive to corrosion. Can be damaged by rodents, crack when low temperatures.
- Metal containers. Most often made of steel alloys. Durable, strong, sealed. Without effective protection are destroyed by corrosion.
- Fiberglass containers. Airtight, lightweight, durable. Chemically inert, do not crack at low temperatures. They last a long time.
Dimensions
Calculated based on the average daily flow rate. On average, 200 liters of waste liquid per person per day. According to the standards, the tank must have a minimum capacity of three days for each resident. A plus is a reserve of 25-30% in case guests come often. IN technical documentation factory models always indicate how many people they are designed for.
The estimated volume of waste liquid determines the number of sections. So, if it is less than 1 cubic meter. m, then choose a single-chamber waste disposal unit, less than 10 cubic meters. m - two-chamber, more than 10 cubic meters. m - three-chamber. Dimensions homemade devices are chosen randomly.
Soil type and groundwater level
The geological situation of the area influences the choice. A settling tank with or infiltration is installed only on sandy, pebble and gravel soils, on plastic and sandy loams. Groundwater should not reach at least 1 m to the structure. Clays, hard sandy loams, and loams are not able to pass or absorb liquid. Therefore, it is impossible to install post-treatment systems on them.
Here it is only possible to discharge it through sealed pipes into a centralized sewer system or into drainage ditches.
Best choice For clay soils There will be sealed storage tanks or bioremediation stations. Highly rising groundwater also does not allow the installation of settling tanks complete with post-treatment. Only storage tanks or biological stations are possible.
Homemade or factory made
Sometimes owners refuse to purchase factory equipment. They make a choice in favor of homemade ones. Sometimes this is justified.
It is built from concrete rings, monolithic concrete, brick. If installed correctly, the result is a reliable, durable design. Sometimes old tires are used or just a pit is used. Such structures have a detrimental effect on environment, polluting the soil around you. Factory-made containers made of plastic, and even more so fiberglass, will do the job better. Putting them in place is very simple. Septic tanks can also be made independently, but only the simplest models. Afterwards, the liquid needs to be further purified and equipment installed for this purpose. If you need completely safe, reliable design with a high degree of purification, you will have to buy it.
We conclude that a small storage device is sufficient for a temporary home. The advantage of this solution is that the mini-reservoir can be installed independently. Residential homes should be equipped with bio-treatment stations. Settlement devices equipped with post-treatment equipment can also be installed, but only if the terrain conditions allow it.
Rating of the best septic tanks for a country house
- "Topol", company "Eco-Grand". Purifies waste liquid by 99%. Maintenance is simplified due to the non-standard design of the first compartment. It is possible to clean the device yourself.
- "Eurobion" from "Yubas". The rhythm aeration tank allows the system to operate even if the sewer is not in constant use.
- "Triton" and "Tank" from "Triton-plastic". A wide range of septic tanks and storage tanks of different capacities. From mini and micro models to 10,000 liter tanks.
- "Astra" from Unilos." Performs effective multi-stage cleaning.
So, how to choose a septic tank for? It is necessary to accurately determine the volume of sewage, find out the type of soil, and the level of groundwater rise. All this will help you choose the type of device. All that remains is to select the material and volumes. The range of recycling systems is very wide, making a rational choice will not be difficult.
The septic tank has long gained popularity among owners country houses. This is a much more practical and safe treatment facility than the cesspool to which many summer residents are so accustomed. The design of septic tanks includes chambers where wastewater is settled, purified and processed. Thus, the water becomes safe for the environment. And the principle of operation of septic tanks is that they lay sewer pipes and connect to the device.
The septic tank for a summer residence requires cleaning periodically. Depending on the type of structure, cleaning is carried out every one to five years. A septic tank will be a suitable sewage option for a suburban area. Detailed information about installation, installation and connection of sewerage in a private house you will find the link http://marisrub.ru/uslugi/inzhenernye-sistemy/kanalizatsiya.
Released today different kinds septic tanks for country house, which are distinguished by productivity and volume, material of manufacture and other parameters. Let's find out the rules of choice and consider the rating of septic tanks for a country house.
Types of septic tanks
They produce volatile and autonomous septic tanks, horizontal and vertical models, and devices that differ in type of operation. In the latter case, storage models, devices with soil filtration and deep cleaning.
Storage septic tank is the most affordable option, representing an improved cesspool. Wastewater enters the container and is separated into fractions into storage tanks. The septic tank is cleaned as it fills.
This model is characterized by accessibility, easy installation and low cost. However, they are not very easy to use and require frequent cleaning. The storage structure is suitable for a summer house, which is used for seasonal living and housing.
Septic tanks with soil filtration and post-treatment are suitable for those who constantly live outside the city. In such a device, wastewater is cleaned, and not only accumulated and divided into fractions. Facilities with post-treatment can be cleaned once every two to three years. By the way, to increase the time between cleanings, special bacteria additives are used for septic tanks.
The design with soil post-treatment consists of two chambers. Such models are characterized by ease of use and maintenance, but they are not suitable for installation in areas with clay soil and increased groundwater levels.
Septic tanks with deep purification purify and disinfect water by 90-100%, so wastewater is disposed of in the ground without the risk of environmental pollution. The system is distinguished by its versatility and high level of wastewater treatment, absence of odors and easy installation.
A septic tank with deep biological treatment does not require regular cleaning and constant monitoring of the device’s operation. Cleaning is carried out no more than once every five years. This suitable option For country cottage, in which they live permanently. Among the disadvantages, we note the high cost of equipment and installation, however, during subsequent operation additional expenses Hardly ever.
In addition, septic tanks are divided by type of material. The equipment is made of plastic, metal, brick and other raw materials. The most affordable and popular are plastic models, which are characterized by high strength and tightness, a light weight and installation, corrosion resistance. But when installing such a structure, there is a risk that the container will suffer when the soil moves.
Brick septic tanks will not provide proper sealing, so additional waterproofing is required during installation. But reinforced concrete septic tanks will become a reliable device that will last for a long time. Experts do not recommend installing metal models, as they are susceptible to corrosion, which reduces their service life.
How to choose the right septic tank for your dacha
- If the suburban area is located in warm regions or in middle lane Russia, choose plastic products. For northern and cold regions it is better to choose reinforced concrete structures that tolerate frost, temperature changes and humidity;
- For year-round residence in a country house, a septic tank with deep biological treatment is well suited; for seasonal stays at the dacha, standard storage models are often used;
- Each model is characterized by a certain performance. You can easily calculate the required capacity by multiplying 200 liters by the number of people who permanently live in the house. Where 200 liters is the approximate volume of water used by one person per day;
- If there are two or more bathrooms in the house, then the volume of the tank should be larger. Consider how many people constantly live in the room. Yes, for one-story house with one bathroom and 3-5 people living all year round, a septic tank with a volume of 2-3 m3 is suitable;
- Study the characteristics and opinions about the work of the model. Next, we will list the best septic tanks for a country house: a rating based on reviews from customers and experts.
Top 10 septic tanks for a summer residence
| Brand | Description | Volume (l) | Productivity (l/day) |
| Tank | An autonomous, durable and reliable plastic septic tank for any type of soil, easy installation and affordable price, will last more than 50 years. Requires cleaning only once every 4-5 years. Suitable for both seasonal and permanent residence | 1200; | 600; |
| Triton | Autonomous plastic device with a service life of about 50 years, high tightness and affordable price, easy installation and compact dimensions. The best option for a country house, requires cleaning every 1-2 years | 750; | 250; |
| Tver | Plastic septic tank, simple design, easy installation, suitable for any soil, but depends on electricity, affordable price. Ideal for country cottages | 3000; | 750; |
| Poplar | A durable plastic model that can withstand frost down to -30 degrees and will easily last 50 years, works without pumping and smell, and depends on electricity. Suitable for large cottages and industrial premises | 2500; | 650; |
| Topas | Compact and unpretentious device operates without pumping, easy installation and service life of about 50 years, simple maintenance | 2300; | 800; |
| Ecopan | Stable and reliable septic tank, suitable for problematic soil, cleaning with a pump, works autonomously. Service life over 50 years, high corrosion resistance. Suitable for country houses and small cottages | 4200; | 500; |
| Aqua-bio | Simple to set up and easy to maintain device for country houses and seasonal residence, sealed and durable, low price, but not suitable for soil with high level groundwater | 2000; | 700; |
| Unilos | An efficient plastic septic tank without pumping, it runs on electricity, but there is a process for operation during power outages | 1700; | 1000; |
| Leader | Sustainable and robust design, easily tolerates overloads due to contaminated wastewater, does not require the use of bioadditives, runs on electricity | 3600; | 500; |
| Yubas | Monolithic body, requires frequent cleaning, easy operation and maximum purification of the most contaminated wastewater, too expensive for small country houses | 2400; | 1000; |
Experts call the Tank the best autonomous septic tank. Among the devices that depend on electricity, the largest number positive feedback collected Poplar. But remember that the choice is influenced by the amount of water consumed and the number of bathrooms, the type of residence in a country house and the characteristics of the soil.
Experienced craftsmen will tell MariSrub which septic tank to choose for your dacha. We will select a durable and sealed model, perform installation reliably and quickly, and connect sewerage and other utility systems in a private home.
Already at the first stages of project creation wooden house we do necessary calculations to install each engineering system, including water supply and sewerage, ventilation and electrical wiring, heating. As a result you will get reliable system, which will work for many years without problems!
Living in your own home will be comfortable if the owners provide everything for this the necessary conditions. Few people are already attracted to the options of delivering water in buckets from a well, with a wooden toilet on the site. All this is acceptable for dacha conditions with periodic weekend visits, but it looks like a complete anachronism if the family lives in the house permanently. This means that normal housing must be equipped with water supply and sewerage. It is good if the locality has the ability to connect to central highways and collectors. But such cases are quite rare, and more often it is necessary to create completely autonomous systems.
How to choose a septic tank - detailed instructions
Water supply is a separate multifaceted topic, and in in this case We are interested in creating an independent sewer system. Discharge of untreated wastewater into the environment is strictly prohibited. This means that it is necessary to install special structures or devices for collecting, settling, cleaning, and clarifying wastewater. In the practice of private housing construction, the optimal solution to this issue is the use of special containers - septic tanks. Such an element can be built on your own or purchased already in finished form. This publication will discuss how to choose a factory-made septic tank, that is, what criteria for evaluating the product should pay special attention to.
What is a septic tank? The principle of its operation
Septic tank – essential element autonomous sewage system or treatment plant. And, although it is not a complete wastewater treatment scheme in itself, its role is extremely important.
The main purpose of any septic tank is to collect all sewage from a house (group of houses), settle it and preliminary biological treatment varying degrees of depth. The wastewater that has gone through this cycle is discharged into ground filtration devices or structures, or is subject to regular pumping using special equipment. In any case, it prevents the entry into the environment of contaminated wastewater that poses a chemical and bacteriological danger to it.
This material is subjective in nature, does not constitute advertising and does not serve as a purchase guide. Before purchasing, consultation with a specialist is required.
Many owners of private houses in our country dream of a central sewer system. Not all settlements in Russia have the opportunity to take advantage of this benefit of civilization. Therefore, before buying a house or cottage, you should take this sensitive issue seriously. Moreover, today a septic tank helps solve the problem of domestic wastewater in a private house. If previously they were ordinary pits or concrete tanks made of several circles, then at the moment there are not just plastic containers, but real miniature treatment plants. They provide comprehensive purification, allowing the output to be practically spring water. Thrifty owners use it to water their gardens. To choose the right septic tank for your home, you need to listen to the advice of experts.
Criterias of choice
You should start your choice by determining the tasks that will be assigned to the septic tank. If this small dacha, where people visit only on weekends from spring to autumn, then inexpensive compact models are suitable.
Tank volume depends both on the number of permanent residents and on the type of residence (daily or occasional). For 1-2 households, a capacity of 1-2 cubic meters is enough. m, and for a large family of 4-5 people you will have to look for septic tanks with a capacity of more than 4 cubic meters. m.
The presence of a bath in the house requires a large salvo release, when all the contents instantly go into the cleaning system. In this case, models are selected that have a receiving chamber of the appropriate volume (200-500 l).
In order to use a sewer (sludge) machine less often, you should pay attention to the offered cleaning system. In modern septic tanks, along with settling and retention of mechanical impurities, aerobic (anaerobic) bacteria are used, which effectively process organic matter. This not only reduces the overall volume of deposits in the tank, but also increases the degree of purification. Some models allow you to get clean water at the output.
Our review includes the best septic tanks for home and garden. When compiling the rating, the following criteria were taken into account:
system performance;
appointment;
expert opinion;
consumer reviews.
Rating of the best septic tanks
| Nomination | place | Name of product | minimum price |
| The best inexpensive septic tanks for a summer residence | 1 | 23,300 RUR | |
| 2 | 22,000 ₽ | ||
| 3 | 18,000 ₽ | ||
| The best autonomous septic tanks | 1 | 19,800 ₽ | |
| 2 | 67,500 ₽ | ||
| 3 | 52,000 ₽ | ||
| 4 | 21,500 ₽ | ||
| 5 | 62,000 ₽ | ||
| 6 | RUB 31,500 | ||
| The best volatile septic tanks | 1 | 74,500 ₽ | |
| 2 | 76,500 RUR |
The best inexpensive septic tanks for a summer residence
Country septic tanks are simple and affordable sewage treatment systems. They are small in size and lightweight, which allows property owners to handle the installation themselves. Autonomous units usually have a sump and additional filtration. They cannot boast of high performance, but they are unpretentious in operation. Experts have selected several high-quality models.
The best option for installing a sewer system at your dacha would be to purchase a ROSTOK MINI septic tank. The settling tank has the optimal combination of price and technical parameters. Therefore, experts put this model in first place in the rating. Due to its small volume (1 cubic meter) and low weight (65 kg), install the container on summer cottage will not be difficult. A septic tank is capable of receiving sewage during the summer season, which is formed as a result of the life activity of 1-2 people. You will have to remove accumulated processed products no more than 1-2 times a year.
The settling tank has a rigid body, a powerful filtration system, autonomous operation. Users in their reviews confirm the effectiveness of the septic tank.
Advantages
lightness and strength;
reliably seals unpleasant odors;
acceptable price.
Flaws
- not detected.
A universal and very affordable septic tank for a summer residence is the DKS-OPTIMUM(M) model. It is created for the needs small family(3 people), and the container can be mounted in different types soil. In this case, the groundwater level does not play a decisive role. The settling tank has a high degree of wastewater purification, which allows purified water to be discharged into the ground.
Experts highly appreciated the thoughtful design of the septic tank. Capacity 1.55 cu. m. is divided into several compartments. In them, sewage goes through several stages of purification, including aerobic. As a result, the septic tank turns 200 liters of discharge into water per day. Precipitation also accumulates in the container quite slowly. You will have to order a sludge sucker no more than once every 2-3 years.
Advantages
low price;
hassle-free installation;
durable and reliable body.
Flaws
- Doesn't block odors reliably.
To ensure comfortable accommodation for 3-4 people in a country house, a spacious septic tank Termit Profi 2.0 is perfect. The volume of the polyethylene container is more than 3.5 cubic meters. m. Considering the weight of the product (115 kg), you will have to use a truck crane for installation. Sewage goes through several stages of purification, starting with sedimentation and ending with biological filtration. Only after passing through all sections does water enter the ground.
To maintain a septic tank, you will have to pump out sediment every 1-3 years, and also wash the filter element. The settler earned third place in the ranking, but was not allowed to rise higher high price.
Advantages
capacity;
no odors during operation;
high-quality cleaning.
Flaws
not suitable for areas with high groundwater;
installation difficulties.
The best autonomous septic tanks
Autonomous septic tanks are a reliable option for sewage treatment. Their operation does not require additional energy, and maintenance is carried out quite rarely. Autonomous systems do not have a high degree of purification, but are capable of providing high throughput. Owners of country houses love them for their ease of use and affordable price. Our review included the following autonomous septic tanks.
Autonomous septic tanks Tank are very popular among owners of private houses. The container is made of thick-walled plastic (10-17 mm); there are stiffening ribs to increase strength. Thanks to its unique shape, the septic tank can withstand soil pressure in different seasons of the year. Experts note the durability of the model (more than 50 years) and effective technology cleaning. Along with settling and subsequent biodegradation, the septic tank has an infiltrator that evenly distributes water into the soil.
The uniqueness of the design lies in the fact that it consists of separate blocks. Therefore, the user can assemble the system most suitable for his home. The compartments are connected to each other using overflow pipes. At correct operation The container is cleaned once every 4-5 years.
Advantages
unique prefabricated design;
durability;
effective cleaning;
durable container.
Flaws
- not detected.
Experts call the Tver septic tank a local treatment facility. He took second place in the ranking due to his strong performance. Even when draining the bathtub contents, untreated wastewater will not enter the soil. The basis of the septic tank is a multi-chamber plastic container.
At the first stage, sedimentation of the sewage occurs, where most of the sparingly soluble substances are retained. In the second compartment, anaerobic processes occur, microorganisms process organic components. And at the last stage, chlorine-containing reagents are added, after which the disinfected water enters the soil. High productivity and complex multi-stage cleaning are reflected in the price, which is higher than the winner.
Advantages
high performance;
multi-stage cleaning;
durability.
Flaws
- high price.
The Ecopan septic tank was created specifically for use on problem soils. The use of a unique two-layer design with a large number internal partitions allowed the manufacturer to increase the strength of the container. The innovative approach did not go unnoticed by experts, who gave the septic tank third place in the rating. The stage-by-stage treatment of sewage drains also deserves high praise.
In a six-section tank, sedimentation of suspensions and aerobic processing of organic compounds occur. From the last section, water is removed from the system by gravity or using a pump. It can be used to irrigate a personal plot. The septic tank perfectly resists corrosion processes, so its service life exceeds 50 years.
Advantages
use on problem soils;
multi-stage cleaning;
durability.
Flaws
- complex installation.
A good autonomous septic tank is the Triton treatment system. Experts gave it fourth place in the rating for its affordable price and high tightness. The sump tank is perfect for a country house; it will have to be cleaned no more than once every 1-2 years. The container is made of durable plastic, so there will be no problems with installing small models. Triton is not afraid of moisture and the aggressive effects of sewage. Service life reaches 50 years.
The manufacturer recommends providing an “anchor” before installing the septic tank. This can be a concrete slab or a monolithic base that can hold the container in a given horizon. The septic tank has a three-stage cleaning system.
Advantages
affordable price;
high tightness;
resistance to aggressive environments.
Flaws
- low degree of sewage treatment.
One of the most popular models in our country is the Unilos Astra septic tank. The main advantage of this model is its high degree of cleaning. This allowed the septic tank to be included in our rating. The operation of the system is based on combined cleaning (mechanical and biological). It effectively copes with sewage and preserves an environmentally friendly environment in the garden. At the first stage, mechanical impurities are deposited. Then aerobic technology comes into play, thanks to which organic matter is processed.
Experts also note the reliability of the plastic container. It is resistant to both mechanical stress and aggressive environments. Only the high price somewhat chills potential buyers.
Advantages
high degree of purification (98%);
durable container;
good performance.
Flaws
- high price.
A non-volatile local cleaning system is the Termite Transformer septic tank. It is intended for both occasional and permanent residence. The model is distinguished by its affordable price and simplicity of design. This allowed the sump to be included in our rating. You can install the septic tank in position yourself if you follow the manufacturer’s recommendations. In case of permanent residence, the container must be insulated.
The degree of wastewater treatment is limited to 85%, which does not allow the system to rise to the prize podium. Purified water is removed from the septic tank by gravity. It is possible to transform the settling tank into a full-fledged biological treatment station.
Advantages
affordable price;
simple design;
possibility of self-installation.
Flaws
- low cleaning rate.
The best volatile septic tanks
When a high degree of sewage treatment is required, owners of country houses should take a closer look at energy-dependent septic tanks. These systems are among the safest and most environmentally friendly options. They use multi-stage filtration using aerobic bacteria. Pumps and compressors are required to move the liquid through the filters. Clean water is also removed from the container automatically. Experts attribute high price and lower reliability to the disadvantages of volatile systems. Several septic tanks have attracted the attention of our experts.
An economical solution to the problem of sewage waste in a private home will be the installation of a volatile Topas septic tank. The main players in the purification system are microorganisms. Thanks to them, it is possible to rid water of impurities by 98%. Experts gave the septic tank the palm not only for high-quality cleaning, but also for economical energy consumption compared to its competitors. The presence of special filters in the septic tank allows you to forget about human intervention and unpleasant odors.
The container is made of especially durable polypropylene, reinforced with stiffeners. All inner space divided into several sections. Large inclusions are deposited in one chamber, aerobic bacteria work in another compartment, the third sector is responsible for sedimentation, and sludge is stored in the last zone.
Advantages
efficient system cleaning;
low power consumption;
durable body;
easy operation.
Flaws
- not detected.
A worthy competitor to the leader of the rating was the Eco-Grand (Topol) septic tank. It is designed for large cottages and country houses. Experts note the good performance of the treatment system. There are 4 compartments inside the polypropylene container. The receiving chamber is capable of accommodating a serious salvo release of 450 liters. The next two sections contain aerobic bacteria that process organic matter. In a separate chamber there is a pump, which is responsible for pumping waste water.
The Eco-Grand (Topol) septic tank loses to the winner in electricity consumption (2.8 kW per day), which increases the owner’s operating costs treatment plant. According to user reviews, there are no particular problems with the installation or maintenance of a volatile septic tank.
Advantages
spacious receiver;
high performance;
high-quality cleaning.
Flaws
high price;
increased energy costs.
Attention! This rating is subjective in nature, is not an advertisement and does not serve as a purchase guide. Before purchasing, consultation with a specialist is required.
