Self-installation of air conditioning. Do-it-yourself installation of a split system: choosing a location and installation procedure Correct installation of the indoor air conditioner unit

The only salvation in hot summers is air conditioning. But in order to enjoy the coolness, it is important to take care of all installation activities in advance. And if it is easier for residents of private houses in this matter, then for those who live in an apartment building, they need to do paperwork before purchasing. What kind of work is this and what rules exist for installing an air conditioner?

Permission to install an air conditioner

The design of the air conditioner is such that one of its parts is located indoors, and the other is located outside on the facade. During operation, it makes a lot of noise and produces condensation. If the installation is carried out in a private house, then no permission is required, since the only owner is a citizen. But what about installation in a multi-storey building? What happens if you install an air conditioner unauthorized, without permission? Is it necessary at all?

Do I need a permit to install an air conditioner?

In judicial practice, there are two points of view on the issue of installing an air conditioner. Some people believe that permission to install air conditioners should be obtained in any case. The reasons are as follows: the facade of a multi-storey building is an enclosing load-bearing structure, so it is common property. That is, you need the permission of all members of the house. In addition, some of the courts, in their decision on the case, state that installing an air conditioner on the facade can be regarded as refurbishment or refurbishment of the premises. The regulations state that the housing maintenance organization must ensure that banners, pendants, signs, signs, satellite dishes and air conditioners are not attached to the walls.

To install an air conditioner on the facade of a multi-storey building, you need permission from the authorized local government body and from the owners. But as practice shows, this will take several weeks or months. If you deal with the issue late, then air conditioning may not be needed.

Another point of view: Federal law does not directly indicate that you need to obtain permission to install an air conditioner. After all, the installation does not include redevelopment of the apartment, the real estate plan will not be changed, just like the common property apartment building. If you look at judicial practice recent years, then this legal position is confirmed.

However, it must be taken into account that housing legislation is joint ownership Russian Federation and subjects of the Russian Federation, i.e. regions. But a subject of the Federation may pass a law regulating the installation of air conditioners and other equipment on the facade. The law prescribes the procedure for obtaining permission and names the limits of authority that can approve the installation of an air conditioner.

The bottom line is this: before installing an air conditioner, you need to find out if in your region there is, normative act, which regulates the procedure for obtaining these permits. In its absence, the authorities have no basis for issuing a permit. Just go to the administration municipality To make sure of this, write a request for clarification of the procedure for installing an air conditioner in a multi-storey building.

Note! Since the air conditioner is domestic and does not take up much space, permission to install it from the authorities may not be required, except special occasions described below. In addition, on March 21, 2011, the Moscow Government canceled the procedure for obtaining permission to install an air conditioner.

Do I need to get the consent of other residents?

From the above it follows that it is mandatory. As shown arbitrage practice, without the consent of other house owners, the court may satisfy the requirements to dismantle the installed air conditioner from the facade. This is another additional argument, since the air conditioner violates the rights of owners.

The violations are as follows:

1. The air conditioner makes a lot of noise, hums, vibrates, which disturbs the peace of the neighbors.
2. Condensation forms, which spoils the appearance of the facade and ends up on the plaintiff’s balcony/loggia.
3. An installed air conditioner blocks the view or view from the window.
4. Violations that were committed during the installation of the air conditioner. These are cracks in the house, the threat of electrical wiring or self-ignition due to non-compliance with fire safety rules.

So that after installing an air conditioner, the court, at the request of one of the residents, does not decide to dismantle it, the citizen needs to plan general meeting owners (neighbors). Most of them must give their consent. This follows from paragraph 1 of Art. 36 LC RF, Art. 244 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, which states that the facade of a multi-storey building is common property.

The note! Installation cannot be carried out without permission from the owners. Otherwise it will be unauthorized.

When permission is required

There are several cases when it is impossible to do without permission from the relevant authorities:

1. If the air conditioner is installed on the front side of a multi-story building.
2. If a citizen lives in a historical and cultural house of historical value.
3. When installing an air conditioner over pedestrian paths.
4. If installed in window opening without masking barriers.

Please note that it is necessary to obtain permission when not a household air conditioner is used, but an industrial and semi-industrial air conditioner. In this case, installation is associated with re-equipment, reconstruction or redevelopment. If we are talking about installing a household air conditioner, then it is enough to coordinate everything with your neighbors so as not to violate their rights.

What do I need to do to obtain permission?

To obtain permission to install you must:

Don’t forget to initiate a meeting of all residents of the house to obtain consent. If you meet all these requirements, then installing an air conditioner will be correct and legal.

Requirements for installing air conditioners (split system)

Most air conditioners in use have a split system. This is an air conditioner design consisting of two parts: external and internal. They connect with each other copper pipes and electrical cable.

The external block consists of the following elements:

• at the base is a fan. It circulates air passing through the air heat exchanger;
• capacitor. In it, freon condenses and cools;
• compressor. It compresses the freon and pumps it into the refrigeration circuit;
• automation.

The indoor unit consists of:

• filter systems (coarse and fine cleaning);
• fan It circulates cooled air in the room;
• air heat exchanger cooling air;
• blinds. They regulate the direction of air flow.

To installed air conditioner lived up to the expectations, served for a long time and did not raise questions from the relevant authorities and neighbors, three main points must be adhered to:

1. Choose a high-quality air conditioner model. It should be powerful for the room, as quiet and compact as possible.
2. Install the air conditioner correctly, choose the ideal location and check the quality of the fastening.
3. Operate the structure in full compliance with the rules, regularly carry out preventive measures and monitor it.

Basic requirements for installing an air conditioner with a split system:

Let's take a closer look at the rules for installing an air conditioner, delving into the features of a split system.

Basic requirements and rules for installing air conditioners

If the system contains several (2–4) indoor units, then it is called a multi-split system. The outdoor unit serves as a condenser, and the indoor unit serves as an evaporator. The outdoor and indoor units are connected using a main line, which includes electrical cables and pipes through which freon circulates.

Another important part is the drainage tube, which is connected to the external unit. Thanks to it, condensed moisture is removed. Requirements and rules state that the drainage tube must be connected to sewer system so that condensation does not flow down the facade.

As for the design of a split-system air conditioner (shape and color), each model is different, but the internal filling and design are the same for all. Appearance and design do not affect the installation principle in any way. For installation, you need to choose the right installation location. That's why when choosing it for any air conditioner, it is important to consider:

1. Weight of the outer part of the product.
2. The side of the horizon where the block will be placed.
3. What are the walls of the facade of the house made of and their design.
4. Availability of space to carry out preventive measures.
5. Possibility of protecting the condenser from precipitation and ice formation.

Now about the power of the product. When choosing power, the total heat release in the apartment or house is taken into account. These indicators depend on the following factors:

1. The position of the building on the sides of the horizon.
2. Number of family members in the house.
3. Quantity electrical appliances and their power.

   ​Pay attention! When electrical appliances operate, heat is generated. These are computers, microwave ovens, TV, iron, etc. The more appliances, the hotter the room will be.

4. Number of heating batteries.
5. Availability of other ventilation systems in the room.

Rules for installing the outdoor unit of the air conditioner

There is a danger of the outdoor unit falling, which will lead to unforeseen consequences. Before installing the structure, it is important to make sure that the wall or balcony railing has the necessary strength to withstand the load from the product. If the indoor unit can weigh 6 kg, then the outdoor unit weighs 20 or even 60 kg, depending on the model.

The requirements state that the safety margin of walls and fastening elements (brackets, dowels, screws) is required to be double, no less. Most facades are thermally insulated with appropriate materials in order to save heat. The layer can reach 20 cm or more. Dowels and brackets must pierce this layer and be fixed directly to the wall. Then the fixation is reliable.

New multi-storey buildings can be made of aerated concrete, as can the balcony. The point is the performance properties and other characteristics of the material. However, aerated concrete is fragile (its structure is porous). It is not recommended to install a split system on walls made of aerated concrete. Otherwise, 14x70 dowels and 10x260 screws are used, installation is carried out by professionals.

If the outdoor unit comes into contact with the cladding, for example, a ventilated facade, vibration will be generated. And this is additional noise that no one needs. To avoid this during installation, you need to use special damper seals. Basically, the working unit produces noise of no more than 25–28 dB.

Particular attention should be paid to the location of the capacitor unit. It is installed strictly in a horizontal position under the level so that distortions do not form. The location of the block will influence the conditions of freon circulation within the system.

The note! The optimal place to install the outdoor unit is to place the structure under a canopy or on the wall of a balcony enclosure. And if the apartment is on the top floor, then the condenser unit, which is part of the split system, can be installed on the roof. However, the length of the line should not be more than 15 m, because then the system will lose its cold.

The drain is arranged so that condensation does not fall on people passing below. However, we repeat that the installation rules state that the outlet is connected to the sewer system.

The requirements indicate that the external unit should be placed at least 10 cm from the wall. For what? This is necessary for high-quality airflow of the compressor. If the air flow is insufficient during extreme heat in the summer, the capacitor will fail. All work on the installation of outdoor units is carried out by industrial climbers with insurance, since the danger of working at height is high.

Rules and requirements for installing the indoor unit

Indoor installation work consists of hanging indoor unit air conditioner, as well as wiring the main path and laying electrical cables that supply the entire air conditioning system.

Installed household air conditioner can consume up to 2 kW of energy in a residential area, sometimes more. It all depends on the model. And this is an additional load on the electrical wiring network. If it cannot withstand such voltage, there will be a danger of short circuit and fire. In this case, you need high-quality wiring; as an option, lay a special line from the panel, providing it with all fuses.

An important step is to carry out the main pipeline from the outside of the unit to the place where the indoor air conditioner unit will be installed. Laying can be internal (by embedding pipes into the wall) and external. At external system installation, the main line is protected by a special box.

When choosing a place to install a split system inside, it is important to consider the following nuances:

1. With a minimum distance from one unit to another split system unit, the efficiency of the air conditioner for the room improves, due to the reduction in the level of losses encountered during operation.
2. It is unacceptable to obstruct the evaporator with objects. Often curtains or pieces of furniture block the free movement of air.
3. The block should be located at least 3 cm from the furniture, and not lean against them closely.
4. The indoor unit of the air conditioner cannot be installed above radiators. Warm air they raise the temperature, which negatively affects work.
5. The indoor unit must be accessible in order to perform servicing. In addition, from time to time the owner should take out the filters themselves and clean them.
6. The air conditioner cannot be installed above pieces of furniture (table, sofa, bed), or fixed to the ceiling plane. Air flow should not be sent to work or sleeping area. The result is colds.

Note! To ensure that the installed air conditioner does not fall out of the overall concept of the apartment, the aesthetic side of the suspension and fixing elements is taken into account.

Most of the internal units of the split system are wall-mounted (90%), the rest are ceiling-mounted. Whatever the design, you need to install it geometrically correctly and take care of reliable fastening. There are models that are fixed with screws and brackets to the walls or stream. All brackets must be tested for strength.

When two system blocks are connected via a line, all connections are evacuated. Moisture and air are removed from them. All work is carried out special equipment for this purpose.

Procedure for installing an air conditioner

The installation work proceeds according to the developed algorithm. All requirements and rules are taken into account. Air conditioner installation procedure:

The air conditioner is installed and ready to use.

Typical mistakes when installing air conditioners

Incorrect installation of an air conditioner is a common occurrence. It also happens that an error leads to the collapse of a structure. The reason for this is the high cost of installation services provided by special companies, as well as the presence of non-professionals in this field. For example, the qualified workers provided by the company will charge almost half the cost of the air conditioner itself for their work installing an air conditioner, which will take 2–3 hours. Therefore, in order to save money, owners prefer to hire unskilled workers. The result of such an installation is different: for some, the air conditioner lasts for years, while for others it does not.

Note! Often, non-professionals do not pay attention to the material from which the facade is made, what load it will withstand, etc.

Here is a list of the most typical and common mistakes that are made when installing air conditioners:

1. Freon tubes are bent too often and excessively. Then the load on the compressor increases, and it fails faster.
2. Installation of a condenser unit on a glazed loggia. As a result, air circulation deteriorates.
3. Installing an air conditioner in a room with devices that emit high-frequency electromagnetic waves. These include: turning or drilling machine, welding equipment.
4. Installation of the evaporator unit is skewed: condensate flows onto the floor covering.
5. Installing an air conditioner above a heat source.

When these errors have already been made during the installation process, you will have to eliminate them. To do this, you need to understand the meaning of the error and the reason:

If you follow all these steps, you can be sure that the installed air conditioner will last for many more years.

Let's sum it up

Installing an air conditioner in a house or apartment is a difficult undertaking that requires permission, correct execution of the work and sufficient qualifications. Then no one will report unauthorized installation, and the air conditioner itself will remain intact and will be able to perform its assigned tasks every season.

Before considering how to install a split system yourself, you should know how it differs from a conventional air conditioner. The principle of operation of these systems is the operation of two interconnected blocks. One is installed indoors, and the other is installed outdoors. They can both cool and, conversely, heat the room. All systems are small in size and noise-canceling.

Main nuances when installing a split system

The long service life, as well as the efficient operation of the system, directly depend on how correctly the equipment is installed. You can install the system on our own. The most important thing is to take your time and carefully understand the diagrams. When performing installation work, it is important not to damage the copper tubes that connect the blocks to each other and ensure their efficient operation. These elements are designed for refrigerant - freon.

To begin with, it doesn’t hurt to know how the system works. To cool the air, freon will flow from the outdoor unit to the indoor unit, which is located indoors. When the fan is turned on, it provides a strong flow of cooled air, which normalizes the temperature in the room or office.

To remove the condensate that forms, there is a special drainage pipe extending from the unit located indoors. It is quite possible to take her outside.

Before installing equipment, you need to select it correctly. Like air conditioners, split systems differ in power, so when choosing equipment you must take into account the following factors:

• area of ​​the room in which the system will be installed;
• type of indoor unit - floor-ceiling, wall-mounted, cassette or multi-zone.
• absence or presence forced ventilation in room.

Necessary tool

To improve the quality of work, it is advisable to prepare the necessary tools in advance so as not to be distracted during the installation process. So, in order to install the outdoor unit, as well as the internal unit of the device, you will need:

• copper tubes having a diameter of 0.25 and 0.5 inches;
• electrical cable, cross section 1.5 mm;
• drainage hose – diameter 16mm;
• insulation for connecting copper pipes;
• dowel nails;
• plugs;
• perforator;
• Vacuum pump;
• drill with a diameter of 55 mm;
• rolling

The first stage of device installation

Before starting installation work, you need to decide where to install the split system. To determine the optimal location, it is worth considering some factors.

1. Under no circumstances should the indoor unit of the system be installed where air circulation is limited. This is possible due to closely spaced cabinets, curtains or partitions.
2. The distance between the equipment and the nearest obstacle should not be less than 1 meter, since cold air, reflected from it, will quickly return without changing its temperature. Because of this, the system will quickly turn off, considering that the required temperature regime achieved.
3. It is advisable to locate the internal unit of the system away from the place where people spend most of their time.

It is not difficult to install a split system yourself, the main thing is to observe the correct operation during installation. So, when fastening the outdoor unit, you need to carefully ensure that:

• it was located on flat surface, and there were no sources of heat or steam nearby;
• the block was installed strictly horizontally, so when fastening it to the surface it is advisable to use a building level;
• a unit located outside cannot be mounted close to the wall. The distance between the device and the wall should not be less than 10 cm. Air should circulate freely in the space left.

When installing the indoor unit, the following rules should be followed:

• When installing the unit, be careful. so that it is located strictly horizontally, without slopes;
• try to maintain the distance between the outdoor and indoor units;
• Do not install the equipment close to the ceiling or near sources of steam or heat.

So, when the location has been chosen, you can proceed directly to the installation work. You should start with the electrical wiring. The split system should be connected to the electrical network via a separate line specially designated for this equipment, with the obligatory installation of an additional circuit breaker in the electrical panel.

It should be borne in mind that if a house or apartment was built a long time ago and the wiring has not been changed, it may require a complete replacement, since the split system is powerful equipment, and the old wiring may not withstand the power and this will lead to permanent traffic jams. fly out."

The second stage of installing a split system

It is very important to install the indoor unit correctly, since the quality of operation of the entire system directly depends on it. Most best option– fix the device on the wall with self-tapping screws; if the walls are finished with gypsum board, then you should definitely insert plastic spacers into it, since such material is quite loose and the screws will quickly become loose due to vibration.

If the wall is made of brick, then wooden or plastic “caps” are inserted into the holes drilled for self-tapping screws, and then the plate for the block is attached with self-tapping screws. Be sure to check the evenness of the plate fastening using a building level.

The next step is to use a hammer drill to drill a through hole in the wall for the cold pipe. Be sure to provide a slope of at least 15 degrees. It should be outward, not inward.

Next you need to connect the copper tubes to internal structure air conditioner, as well as a drainage tube to a special hose on the device. Now you can connect the electrical cable to the equipment located indoors. For split systems with a cooling capacity of no more than 4 kW, you should use a cable with a cross-section of at least 1.5 mm (5-core).

The third stage of system installation

At the last, final stage, it is necessary to connect the internal and external units of the system. To do this, do the following.

1. First you need to measure the distance between the block taps.
2. Place special thermal insulation on the copper connecting tubes. Crop to required length. It is equal to the measurements taken earlier.
3. Be sure to secure plugs at the ends of the connecting tubes to prevent dust from getting inside.
4. And the last step is to wrap the electrical cable and drainage system with protective sheaths.

How to avoid installation mistakes?

It is not enough to know how to install a split system; you should avoid mistakes that can lead to failure of the device. That is why it is not necessary to allow frequent kinks of freon tubes at a short distance, and it is also unacceptable to loosen the connections between them. Subsequently, all this will lead to a freon leak.

It is important to ensure that the connecting tubes are not twisted into a ring whose radius is less than 100 mm. This will make it difficult for the device to pump refrigerant.

Conclusion

Now you know how to install a split system yourself. Never forget that there are no insignificant factors when installing it. And everything that is done poorly or not completed to the end, for example, poor-quality rolling, loose nuts, bent tubes, dirt in them or moisture - all this will ultimately lead to system failure.

A split system is a complex electrical device. If it is connected incorrectly, the board in it may burn out due to a failure in the electrical network. Therefore, make sure that a voltage relay is installed.

For preventative purposes, for high-quality and long-term operation of the device, clean the filters in the system monthly. Do not run the device in winter unless it is equipped with a winter set for operation at negative temperatures Oh.

Before starting the device, check the drainage system. Usually they pour water into the air conditioner; if there are no leaks under the block, then everything is in order.

With proper use and timely maintenance, the split system can easily last for more than one year. Therefore, if your neighbors claim that all air conditioning systems are designed for a short period of time, then perhaps they simply do not know how to use them correctly.

Today we will discuss how to install an air conditioner with your own hands, regarding the outdoor unit. Wait a minute to call the climber, let's try not to fall out of the window. In fact, the air conditioner is started using the reserve accumulated by the system. Freon is initially accumulated by the external unit; after docking, the refrigerant is released. It is advisable to measure the temperature difference between the boiling point and the low pressure side vapors of the air conditioning compressor. The collector contains a scale for different brands of freons, equipped with the necessary information (first parameter). The second is measured with your own hands... Let's see how to install an air conditioner yourself.

Sequence of actions when installing an air conditioner

The responsible part determines the location of the outdoor unit. Enthusiasts suggest equipping balconies with a box. Avoid installing an air conditioner without forgetting to evaluate its future performance. The length of the air conditioner communications is strictly specified. Install copper tubes, as much as the kit provides. The difference will cause a slight change in channel pressure, causing the air conditioner to go beyond the permissible limits:

1. Freon pressure is too low and cannot withstand operating temperatures. The cooling process of the air conditioning compressor will be disrupted, causing increased wear and tear on the unit.
2. Excessively high pressure raises the boiling point of freon. Some of the liquid phase will enter the air conditioning compressor, causing damage.

Masters sometimes monitor the freon pressure of the air conditioner circuit using a barometer scale, a more accurate temperature method. To the input of the external unit on the side low pressure(thick tube) attach a manifold, use a scale with marks to find the boiling point. It is enough to measure the vapor temperature (tube temperature), making a conclusion about excess/insufficient freon mass. Professional craftsmen cut the tubes with a tool, roll the ends, after putting on the nuts, and carry out the installation on site. If necessary, copper wiring is increased by soldering.

Couplings are used - tubes of larger diameter. There is a flaring tool to a specific length. The tube with the treated end is put on the other.

The soldered seam comes out alone, doubling the reliability of the connection. It’s clear that you won’t be able to flare the tube without a tool; the clutch method is more suitable for ordinary people. Before soldering, the ends are cleaned and leveled to avoid the entry of foreign bodies that impede the operation of the compressor (the equipment will simply break if a solid body gets inside).

The tubes begin to lead the inner block towards the outer one, breaking through the walls in places. The junction points are isolated (as is the freon flow path). The drainage tube and the power cable of the external unit (through the internal one) go in one bundle. The copper tubes are simply screwed on with a given tension, the drainage tubes are overlapped and wrapped with plumbing tape (fumilenta, fumilenta). The electrical wire is mounted in place, behind the terminal lugs. The device is powerful; it is not recommended to plug the air conditioner into a typical outlet. They lay the wire of the 230 volt network distribution panel and carry out installation using standard methods. On the block. Try to avoid twists.

Copper tubes are connected to the external unit with nuts according to thickness. The high pressure side is thinner. You will find the low pressure side service pipe by looking for a thick tube. Let's take a closer look at the joint. At the bottom of the left side of the external block there are a pair of L-shaped pipes. At the end of each there is a cover (hex key) hiding a bronze fitting (faucet). Both pipes are initially closed, and freon is collected inside the external unit.

Vacuum Tool

Before starting refueling, evacuate the system. The step frees the freon path from moisture and air. Vacuuming is carried out with a compressor (vacuum pump) until the pressure drops to zero. Then the device will work for some time (5 minutes), ensuring that condensation is removed if any has settled in the evaporator. Then you need to turn off the manifold valve. It's time to carefully release the freon. The valve of the thin tube of the external unit opens first, then the thick one. The pressure should gradually equalize, start the compressor. The adequacy of the freon quantity is assessed. The difference between the boiling point and the vapor temperature is within the range of 5-8 degrees Celsius. The difference is less than acceptable - there is too much refrigerant. Exceeding 8 degrees requires adding the required amount from the cylinder, controlling the temperature.

In a two-position manifold, a container with freon is connected in place of the pump. Moreover, you need to bleed the air from the connecting tube by opening the right valve of the manifold for a second. Then they start refueling. Rosenberger installers say: it is useful to turn the cylinder upside down, unless the freon is R22. Soldering is carried out with a silver alloy of at least 5% content, or another suitable flux. Tin and copper, or any other metal, form an electrochemical couple; when operating, avoid contact with water.

Refilling air conditioner with freon

Like in a water heater tank, the corrosion process will begin. Therefore, leaks will be possible. It’s not dangerous, like in the gas industry, you just have to call the service team to refuel. Some freons are poisonous, others destroy the ozone layer. If a leak occurs, the concentration does not reach explosive levels.

Installation of an external air conditioner unit

Leaving aside climbers and lone heroes, installing an air conditioner on a wall will be difficult for the average person. Let's watch. A typical external unit fits in the middle of the windows of a typical high-rise, with 30 cm from any frame to the bracket. A short distance by the standards of an adult. Without effort, a man can make a hole in a wall with a hammer drill and hammer in anchors. Difficulty may arise chemical anchors, under which it is necessary to thoroughly clean the hole before laying the adhesive.

However, the techniques are rarely used. Traditional steel anchors of four or more pieces are more often used. The bracket is simple, reminiscent of the letter G. The external unit of the air conditioner is attached to the shelves of two parts with four bolts - two on each side. It is important to get the fastenings, then you can put aside your fears. Similarly, the process of docking and starting the system is carried out from the left window. Better than bending over with the key, kissing the windowsill, risking falling out.

Type of installation of the outdoor unit

Installation under a window, which has become standard, has one significant advantage: it is relatively easy to install the external air conditioner unit. It is difficult to tighten the bolts (it takes a long time), opening/closing the valves is a problem. Consequently, dismantling rusted fasteners is not easy. It is dangerous to stick your head out without insurance. In the case of installation between windows, the first difficulty is the process of installing the external unit on the brackets. Residents want to cool down their apartment in the summer, and a stack of external units is piled on top.

It is easier to install an air conditioner on the balcony; nowhere in the legislation can you find a ban. There are rumors - because the authorities were too lazy to create an information and legal portal - it is forbidden to install an external unit on an insulated loggia! If there are three windows, one is directly opposite the equipment, it seems that you can install it. We apologize for the legal confusion. Apparently, the authorities think that since ignorance of the law does not relieve one from responsibility, there is no need to educate the people. Perhaps a fool will break it - it will be possible to file an administrative case. Don't believe me? Try to find in a search engine the number of the law regulating the installation, excluding general words about the need for approval (on the facade). The authors quit after a half-hour study.

There was definitely a law, there are rumors: the text was repealed in 2013, forum users are wondering what will be non-compliance with the norms. It is useless to ask lawyers; lawyers shrug their shoulders. The regulatory framework of the city of Moscow is more pleasing: the documents are available, but in the first edition. It is incredibly difficult to understand, following the amendments, where to add new lines, to read the fragment. Therefore, let’s say: in 2007, residents were required to approve the installation of any engineering equipment on the facades; God knows what next. Therefore, the question of how to install an air conditioner with your own hands would begin with the regulatory framework, then go through the options. Please note: the installer is not at all interested in the installation; the homeowner is responsible.

We hope we have clarified how to install an air conditioner yourself. We recommend that the most ardent readers visit mosopen.ru themselves. The confusion and confusing interpretation of legal terms makes it surprising that legality exists.

Step-by-step video of air conditioner installation

The cost of installing an air conditioner is high. Grows in parallel with power. The issue was discussed in detail, how the purpose of the mysterious letters that dotted the tables of installation companies, today we will see what the workers are doing, that installing an air conditioner with your own hands becomes a complex matter, difficult from a financial point of view. There is a difference between the models of different companies, but it is not significant. That's why installing a Mitsubishi air conditioner is not much different from a Samsung. It’s clear that the Koreans are now promoting quiet, durable inverter motors; it’s worth looking at the warranty first. Today washing machines, refrigerators are equipped with a 10-year warranty card. Long term, according to our considerations good air conditioner cools longer: you pay more, the installation cost is steep.

Car air conditioner

Let's decide where to install the air conditioner. The first step, Samsung experts recommend... is to check the markings of the outdoor unit, outdoor unit, and box for a match. If you mistakenly placed the wrong unit, you cannot begin installing the air conditioner. The indoor unit is mounted on a special large plate. However, there are some nuances here:

1. Floor-standing indoor units are deprived of the right to bear the name because they hang. The distance to the parquet should not exceed 15 cm. Mounting plate(bracket fastening) changes appearance, from a solid size steel base to a plank. The upper edge of the indoor unit of the air conditioner is mainly attached.
2. Cassette indoor air conditioner units are popular due to the possibility of being built into suspended ceiling. It is necessary to calculate the strength of the ceiling so that it does not kill employees, to provide the necessary indentations, aesthetic appearance. Fastening is carried out with four threaded pins, driven deeper into the concrete onto nuts through shock-absorbing washers. If the dampers are removed and the upper wall of the indoor unit of the air conditioner is allowed to come into contact with the ceiling, the level of vibration and noise will increase, negatively affecting the working and living atmosphere; it is simply prohibited by laws and standards to make a lot of noise. The topic of damping devices for fans was raised; those interested will study the relevant section.

The indoor unit hangs over your head. Calculating the height of the air conditioner is useless. The only thing is that it is necessary to maintain the distances from the walls and ceiling specified in the instructions. When installing the base plate, a building level is used to ensure the correct angles are maintained. It is especially important to strengthen the pins of the cassette unit and position the unit strictly horizontally. In the latter case, fixation is carried out with locknuts. The installation process of a wall-mounted indoor unit does not cause any problems. The body is simply hung on a prepared bracket.

Air conditioner communications

The indoor and outdoor units are connected by a bundle of communications, including:

The cable is stretched from the shield of the external unit to the internal shield, which contains the labeled terminals. Each ear is put on phase, ground, neutral. The cable is used for outdoor use and is more expensive than conventional PVC. There is one grounding conductor. It was explained that the neutral wire and the ground are different things, avoid confusion, changing places, turning a blind eye would be the wrong tactic. When conducting three phases, purchase a 5-core cable. The output currents are added up, the nuance is taken into account when selecting the wire. If one vein is thicker, a null (not earth) is found. We take into account the nuances when choosing a circuit breaker; typical fuses will prevent an accident.

As for the electrics of air conditioners, typical lugs are used. If it is necessary to install wires of non-standard length, we will extend them ourselves. The copper tube comes complete, the ends are cut off, and the inside is chamfered with a suitable tool. Fastening is carried out with nuts. To flare the end, a special tool is used to bend the tube outward into a cone. Afterwards, the nuts are screwed on coaxially and tightened with a wrench. Use the tools at hand. Take an adjustable wrench, avoid gas ones. A typical air conditioner installation does not provide any seals; the tightening force is indicated in the manual. Each tube is covered with a jacket, preventing heat exchange; both, along with the wire and drainage tube, are wound together. Copper tubes of unequal diameter, simplifying installation.

On the reverse side of the indoor unit there are pipes, each of its own diameter, closed with plugs. Please note: when pulling communications through walls, the nuts on the flared tubes are closed plastic inserts so that plaster does not get inside. The drainage tube is simply pressed together and wrapped with insulating tape on top. DIY air conditioner installation continues outside, where the bulky unit sometimes has to be placed on a support high above the ground. Please note: Although there is a manual, installation will require a blueprint. The work is carried out to make sure that the walls will withstand the load, theoretically. In practice, the designer simply makes money.

The distance between the indoor and outdoor units along communications does not exceed 5 meters. Deviation from the rule makes the installation non-standard, adding cost. Maximum length communications is indicated by the passport. As planned, the drainage goes down to the ground, copper pipes reach the outdoor unit. In practice, they forget to do this, so the condensation irrigates the underlying objects.

Refilling the air conditioner

There are rumors: sometimes there is freon inside the outdoor unit... I wanted more confidence, the installation manual gives a comprehensive answer, the taps are closed tightly...

Procedure for refilling the air conditioner:

1. First, inspect the correct installation. Both pipes have taps hidden under screw caps; avoid touching the fittings. One connector (usually thick) has an input for the filling manifold. We connect the left hose, crown the central one with a vacuum pump.
2. Opening the left valve, pump out the air, wait until the arrow shows 0, continue for 15 minutes. Let's close the tap. Instead of a pump, we connect a freon cylinder to fill the air conditioner.
3. It's time to remove the end valve covers of the outdoor unit. Under them there are sockets, often hexagonal in shape, unscrewed with a special key (reminiscent of the fittings of a folding bicycle made in the USSR). To install the air conditioner yourself, turn the taps to maximum. Maintaining the position, we will carry out operation, carefully return the covers.
4. Open the left manifold tap, the filling cylinder valve. Refueling is carried out based on weight. Although there are schemes (discussed above) that measure the temperature difference by releasing freon from the external unit into the circuit.

The refueling was completed, the calculation of the air conditioner power was carried out by the portal. A representative of a small class of devices that demonstrate an efficiency above 1 (much).

GOST 26963

It starts with permission. The devices clinging to the wall of the house are coordinated with numerous organizations. First of all, the owner. A person has the right to sell an apartment, not apartment house, many people live. Before installing an air conditioner, you will need to obtain permission; (before approval), make sure that the project is obtained from a certified organization. Undocumented work is illegal. Do you like the schedule? Some regions have seen a horror story: brigades authorized by the administration are ironing the streets, dismantling them without permission. installed equipment. If you install an air conditioner secretly, a tower will come and remove the product. It’s difficult to describe the return procedure, torture the lawyers harshly. In the country, some people are more equal than others, so avoid looking up to your neighbors...

According to GOST 26963, the installation of an air conditioner is limited by the operating instructions. Really simple? You take it, install it, but a bunch of regulations prohibiting the installation of an air conditioner (as well as other equipment) are kept silent:

• if the house is an architectural monument;
• if the building adorns the central street with its facade;
• if the building has artistic value...

The list of restrictions is long, we are embarrassed to describe the difficulties, we recommend simply perplexing the local administration. If you want to damage the wall of a high-rise building, it will be enough to get permission from the HOA. For example, an antenna requires the consent of 100% of the residents of the house... just. You cannot go on someone else's property without permission. In practice, few people pay attention.

Now the power. You know, in installation companies, the value is marked with numbers in the range 07-30. Moreover, an increase in the number raises the cost of work to heaven. Why are people interested in installing air conditioning themselves? For example, for new owners of 30 models, installer services will amount to 20,000 rubles. It is clear that a rare dude wants to pay the amount, or wants to know the direction in which the money is flowing. Firstly, power. Most helplessly bite their elbows, trying to correctly calculate the parameter.

Installer 90 lvl

Exist online calculators, ready-made Excel programs that allow you to get the desired number by entering a couple of numbers. Size of the room, number of printers, photocopiers, and other household appliances. The beauty of Excel is the ability to embellish calculations with custom values ​​by specifying power. Readers guessed it: the cooling capacity of the air conditioner is designed to recoup the excess heat generated by the equipment.

How much power is required from an air conditioner?

In light of the above, before installing an air conditioner, try to assess the cooling production needs. Boiler power calculation programs can help. The results can be used to calculate heating and air conditioning. Heat loss goes in the direction of decreasing temperature through the walls. Moreover, the value is proportional precisely to the difference, the resistance building structures. Procedure:

Please note that the calculation is carried out if you fail by searching for an air conditioner calculation program. The required figure is immediately given in BTU/1000 (graded in the range 07-20 and above). The marking contains the necessary parameter, which is so interesting to buyers and installers. Let's convert BTU/1000 to kW. You need to multiply BTU by 0.2931, you get the desired figure. Heating boilers are calculated in kW. We also mention BTU - British Thermal Unit, in English it sounds like British Thermal Unit.

Now readers know, “seven” is equivalent to 2.0 kW, “nine” – 2.5 kW. We emphasize that the figure has an indirect connection with energy consumption. Every good air conditioner will produce more cold than it will consume network electricity. This is the basis for the idea of ​​heat pumps, however, regular readers of the portal should know and advise the authors. The calculation procedure was explained. We hope that readers will help each other with links to online resources... Visit the section regarding boilers and heaters, which provides the necessary addresses along with explanations of the process of using calculators.

I have never seen programs that take into account the presence of people. If the room is filled with a group, for each person we will add 100 watts of air conditioning power, how many BTUs will be, do the math! For gyms, we will increase the figure to 300 W; people do physical labor, which means the air conditioner will have to work harder. 80% of the energy expended by an athlete is generated heat.

Types of air conditioner installation

We want to say right away: the installation of an air conditioner can be standard or non-standard. The contents of the price lists are attributed to the first case. As for additional options, you will have to find out, simultaneously overcoming the resistance of the company's technical support. Let’s say we want to install a “two-piece”, the freon circuit needs to be increased by several meters relative to the required ones. Get ready to pay extra. Tariffs of companies vary, find out specific prices.

Why is this happening. A typical air conditioner may contain freon in the external unit. The valves are tightly closed. The craftsmen select the location for installing the air conditioner and begin drilling, chiseling, pulling, and twisting. Connect the input and output tracts, drainage pipe are thrown. Before installing the external air conditioner unit, the technicians discovered that the length was exceeded.

The freon pressure is below normal, you will have to top it up - a separate hassle. After assembly, the technician will pump out the air with a vacuum pump, then simply open the valve, allowing the refrigerant to fill the system. A certain system pressure must be maintained. In air conditioners it loses importance, there are no negative temperatures on the evaporator, it’s not critical if a little steam gets inside.

The adequacy of the amount of freon is measured with a thermometer. The master opens the tap and looks at the meter readings. Refuels. With non-standard installation, freon may sometimes be needed. Volume is consumed along the length of the pipes. The air conditioner has a limitation on the length of the freon route; the issue is discussed before purchase. The situation in the country is interesting. It seems that it is written - air conditioners are installed according to the instruction manual, on the other hand, you cannot install any engineering systems at home without a project from an organization that has a license (it seems possible to carry out the project, for more details see the government decrees listing the types of activities that require a license).

Therefore, you need to go somewhere in any case. The designer will want to carry out the installation. By the way, you can clarify whether there is a practice of installing devices on the loggia. At first glance it seems stupid, in winter, when heating is required, the operating conditions of the compressor will become softer. Thus, we have no doubt: most readers can install the air conditioner correctly. However, the law requires a design, even if the drawing is redrawn from the product’s instruction manual. They traditionally forget the water that sprinkles the heads of passers-by. Masters who make money are too lazy to look at foreign methods for solving problems. The correct path will be found by pedestrians who bypass the flowing streams of half-slops.

Before other operations begin, the indoor unit of the air conditioner is installed. The box is secured with dowel nails and other fasteners. In standard models, power reaches the external unit, bypassing the internal one. In the West, there are often designs where the power cables run separately, the compressor is turned on by a relay controlled by a signal with an amplitude of 25 volts. It is definitely worth installing an air conditioner in your apartment if you are not accustomed to heat. We remind you that the equipment in no way replaces ventilation, so it is necessary to take a reserve of power for air circulation. Before installing an air conditioner, take the trouble to do a calculation. Save money.

Installation of air conditioners by foreign companies

Air conditioner installation by a foreign specialist

The first difference: business class houses are equipped with air conditioners. Videos showing the slums have been lost. There are excellent conditions for installing an external air conditioner unit. According to data from thematic forums, in America construction, installation work made under licenses. There is only one professional air conditioner installer per team. There is no obligation to work, he will come, look, leave, without a license or permit, work is not worth a penny. An interesting example of construction.

The external unit of the air conditioner is installed in two ways:

1. Trampling on the posts a foot above the ground.
2. Not high on the wall, the external air conditioner unit can be easily reached by two strong guys who bought a ladder or a pickup truck.

The Russian problem of authorizing state organizations disappears. The problem of cities disappears. We assume the roofs are equipped with HVAC. The difference between split systems is small. We direct those interested to read early reviews of the VashTekhnik portal. The first thing that attracts the eye is communications. The American is used everywhere, the USA puts it in a more original way:

• Short tubes of the indoor unit pierce the wall.
• An additional package is mounted outside, exactly up to the external unit.
• Further, see RF.

Let us remind you that the Koreans do not take nuts out.

The operator missed the rolling; we believe the tubes are cut in place. The ends are equipped with nuts using a special tool. The communications are covered by a protective shell that prevents heat exchange with the environment. The drainage hose reaches the drainage system: it is cultural, it does not irrigate the heads of passers-by.

On the side of the indoor unit, it is possible to change the sidewall, from where the condensate will drain. It’s difficult to say why this is being done. Apparently, it is more convenient to start drainage after reaching the sewer. To change the side of the drain, remove the outer cover; the hose and plug are swapped. Electrical wiring is carried out with a 4-core cable thicker than 16 gauge.

Note. The USA has adopted a cable calibration system; thinner wires correspond to a larger number. It developed historically, mainly in the USA. The cable was rolled by a machine, passing through increasingly smaller holes. Accordingly, the 16 gauge went through the operation 16 times.

The wire supplies power and transmits control signals. A cable with a colored braid is used, which makes the designations clear: the wiring of the indoor unit corresponds to the external one. Ground (GND), numbers 1-3 (phases). To carry out installation, the shield is removed. On the internal block, a small cover is screwed on with screws, on the right side, on the external block there is a steel ledge on the right side of the case. Power is supplied bypassing the indoor unit. We don't see any differences.

The USA demonstrates two differences compared to Chaliapin’s homeland:

• The location of the external unit, which is carefully installed and removed, horrific methods are not invented, such as pulling the box with a car traction using a cable to the ground. Sometimes the entire body is supported by four strong posts protruding from the soil by about a foot.
• The drainage hose goes into the sewer. By the way, the measure concerns bypass valves of water heaters.

Air conditioner installation sequence

The racks begin, the installation process was cut out by the cinematographer. We believe typical screw piles, the rest takes too much time. Concrete gains strength in 28 days. Although in this situation such precise adherence to standards may not be necessary. By the way, on top pile-screw foundation they put up country houses. It is important during installation to avoid damage to the anti-corrosion layer of the metal. Otherwise, rust will eat the pile reinforcement and the external block will fall. When installing houses, they observe the subtleties of calculating the soil and wind load; we believe that the arguments are unimportant for the mass of 25 kg represented by the air conditioner box. If only the moles and rats would stop digging the soil.

The indoor unit is hung on a mounting plate, which must first be removed from the rear wall. In the USA, houses are made of sandwich panels; screws are screwed into the walls without effort. Under the communications, a thin drill is used to make a through hole in a place where there is no wiring. Then, using a Forstner drill, the diameter is adjusted to the desired size. So that both copper tubes, cable and drain hose pass through.

The launch process is painfully familiar to our regular readers. Routing indicated in the instructions:

Let us add that in America split systems with several indoor units are common. A bunch of parallel pipes protrude from the right side of the external block, a pair for each point in the evaporator room. The startup process is not much different. Will vacuuming and nitriding last longer? We see: air conditioners harmoniously simplify the life of Americans who have settled in cottages; they disfigure the streets of Russian cities, where citizens place 2-3 bars. Figuratively speaking, the technique was introduced by Asia. In England we will also see something similar; in New York, on the central streets there will be no swarm formed by myriads of ugly boxes.

The United States uses a type of air conditioner called HVAC. The fundamental difference is that the fan takes air from all sides of the cubic outdoor unit, blowing it out through the mesh cover. As a result it becomes possible installation air conditioner on the roof. The approach strips the streets of major cities of ugly boxes clinging to the walls. At the same time, human needs are provided. It is clear that the length of communications is increasing. Most overseas houses are planned using a forced ventilation scheme. The roofs are dotted with shafts where the blades operate.

In our realities, every tyrant is too lazy to come up with a better option than installing an air conditioner for show. They explain it with health, other reasons, and avoid buying a monoblock that allows you to plug the window with a hose. Some owners think of decorating the balcony area with air conditioning. A suitable solution if you follow the instructions.

By the way, before installing the air conditioner yourself, determine the location. Façade installation will require approval. It’s not easy with balconies; the owner must fulfill certain conditions. Earlier in 2007, it was required by law to install an air conditioner yourself according to the instructions. Recently, it has been recommended to go through a bunch of organizations. There were rumors in the spring of 2013: the law would be repealed, but people are finding it difficult to understand the regulatory background. The rules system is confusing. Think several times before installing an air conditioner yourself anywhere.

That's it now more people want to buy and install a split system in their apartment. And it's not just air conditioning. The split system allows you to better freshen the indoor air. What is its advantage? First of all, it does not block natural light, since it does not cut into the window frame. The second advantage is that it does not depend on common system air conditioning of the house as a whole. And lastly, it consists of only two blocks: internal and external. The only reason why a large number of consumers hesitate to purchase a split system is ignorance of the rules for its installation. Let's look at all the steps in order and tell you how to install a split system yourself.

Compound

First of all, you need to know what this air conditioning system consists of. It includes two separate units: an external one - a condenser, and an internal one - an evaporator. They communicate with each other through electrical wires and two tubes made of copper through which the refrigerant circulates. In addition, the indoor unit is equipped with a thin plastic tube that performs a drainage function, that is, it removes condensed moisture from the system. According to the rules, it must be connected to a special drain tank or to sewer pipe, but for some reason, most often it ends up being taken outside, and the water from it drips directly onto the heads or under the feet of passers-by.

Principle of operation

It is quite simple and consists in the fact that if the room needs to be cooled, then freon flows through a copper tube from the heat exchanger of the external unit to the heat exchanger of the internal one. Thus, the refrigerant is processed by the fan, and cold air comes out from inside the air conditioner.

If, on the contrary, the room needs to be heated, then the heat pump of the external condenser begins to work as an evaporator, and the evaporator, in turn, acts as a condenser. The split system is also equipped with a compressor located in the external unit. Its main function is to compress freon, which significantly increases the efficiency of the air conditioner.

Mounting methods

Internal units of split systems can be either wall-mounted or floor-ceiling. The latter can be successfully attached to both the ceiling and the floor. Most often, wall blocks are used in apartments of multi-storey buildings. They are equipped with movable blinds, with which you can change the direction of air flow.

The power of wall-mounted units is specifically limited by the manufacturers themselves, since if the flow of cooled air in a small room is too strong, it can literally blow away everything that is there. If the room is quite spacious, for example, it is an office or workshop, then a more powerful split system with a floor-ceiling indoor unit is installed in it.

Installation tools

In order to install a split system with your own hands, you will need whole line equipment that you will have to purchase or rent. The quality of the work performed and the durability of your air conditioner directly depend on what tool you use during the installation process. You will need:

● Rotary hammer with a set of chisels. It is useful for making holes in the main wall.

● Rebar detector. It may be needed if the walls of the house are made of concrete. If during drilling the tool hits the reinforcement, you will have to make another hole.

● Tube flaring kit. It will not be possible to do this work efficiently using improvised means, since it will be impossible to achieve complete tightness.

● Pipe cutter. Under no circumstances should you cut off the pipes through which the refrigerant circulates with a regular hacksaw. Copper chips always remain in the gap, which can subsequently lead to compressor failure.

● Shabrovka. This tool is used to strip cut ends of pipes. An ordinary file or needle file is not suitable for this purpose precisely because of the sawdust.

● Pressure gauge. Needed to measure the refrigerant pressure in the system.

● Vacuum pump. It is necessary to process the system before filling it. Quite often you can hear advice that it can be washed with refrigerant. This is fundamentally wrong, since it does not remove moisture and spoils the compressor, just like metal chips.

● Hand bicycle pump. It is used to check the system for leaks.

● Tester and phase indicator. These devices are necessary for electrical installation work.

Tubes and working with them

Experts recommend buying a whole coil of copper pipe in the store at once, and it doesn’t matter if there is an extra one left. It can be used elsewhere. But if iron filings remain in the cut tube, you risk damaging the compressor of your air conditioner. Also, when purchasing it, you need to make sure that there are no visible cracks or dents on the surface, and that its ends are rolled by the manufacturer.

Before installing a split system yourself, you need to practice flaring the pipes. It is worth noting that this procedure is done only with a special tool and nothing else.

To practice working with flaring, you need to take the same small piece from the store along with the tube, but do not touch the coil itself. At the same time, you can try to cut the tube in a circular motion, and also scrape the product, holding it end down.

Installation

In order to produce high-quality installation split systems with your own hands, you need to know the sequence of actions. Professionals recommend installing air conditioners only before or during renovation, since you will still have to chisel the walls, lay electrical wiring and attach the brackets. If the repairs have already been made, then all communications can be hidden using external boxes, but this, as you yourself understand, will not improve the interior. How to install a split system yourself correctly will help you understand phased implementation this work.

Stage one: electrical wiring

If we take even the lowest-power modern air conditioner, which consumes 1.5 kW of electricity, then it also needs to lay separate wiring with a cross-section of at least 1.5 square meters. mm. In addition, you will need an automatic shutdown.
When connecting the wires to the input panel, you need to find where the phase and zero are located with a special indicator, and after determining, mark them at both ends.

Stage two: outdoor unit

It is strictly not recommended to install an external split system unit yourself if your apartment is not on the first floor, as there is a risk of falling from a height. But on the other hand, thanks to the presence of loggias and balconies on the upper floors, this problem practically does not exist. In addition, maintenance and repair of air conditioners in such cases become more convenient.

Typically, a split system is installed on the east or north side of the house. But even if you had to attach the outdoor unit from the south, the balcony canopy will still protect it from direct impact sun rays.

Stage three: indoor unit

In order for the installation of a split system with your own hands to be successful, you must strictly follow the sequence of actions. First, using screws, attach special brackets to the ceiling (if it is a floor-ceiling air conditioner) or to the wall ( wall system). Having completed this work, it is necessary to check the strength of the fastening, namely, install the indoor unit and connect it. If the structure does not wobble or vibrate, then the brackets are securely fixed.

It is easiest to install a split system with a floor-mounted unit, since it usually does not require fasteners. But you still need to finally decide on its location, because after laying communications it will no longer be possible to rearrange it.

Stage four: punching gutters

If you doubt your knowledge or are unsure about something, you can always get advice from a specialist who will tell you how to install a split system yourself and connect freon pipes and electrical wires, thereby connecting the two units to each other. To do this, special gutters are usually punched into the ceiling or walls, but only if it is necessary to lay a hidden pipeline.

If you don’t want to hammer, then there is another option. All wires can be covered with skirting boards or decorative plastic boxes.

If multi-storey building consists of blocks, then before you start punching a hole in the wall, you must first use a rebar detector to determine the places where the iron core lies. Under no circumstances should you cut the reinforcement, as it is located in the outer load-bearing wall. According to the standard, the hole diameter must be at least 80 mm. Sometimes you can hear recommendations about 50-60 cm, but here the thickness of the thermal insulation was clearly not taken into account.

In addition, you will definitely need an assistant to stand below and warn people passing nearby, since a piece of brick or concrete accidentally falling from a height can injure someone. Such an incident can be very costly for the owner.

Stage five: connecting pipelines

In order not to make a mistake and to correctly connect all the pipes, you need to carefully study the instructions on how to properly install a split system. First, you need to measure the required length of the tube and cut it off with a margin of at least 1 m. All excess will be used for bends.

Professionals warn that bending tubes must be done with great care, as they can break, and sometimes wrinkles form on their surface. They create obstacles to the free flow of refrigerant, which leads to a significant increase in energy consumption. The minimum permissible bending radius is 100 mm.

Then polyurethane foam hoses or flex insulation are put on the tubes. It is highly undesirable to use foam rubber. After this, threaded flanges are put on them, and the ends are flared. Next, the pipelines are connected to the fittings. The main thing in this work is not to confuse the connection. Most air conditioner manufacturers make the cold and hot fittings different in diameter.

For drainage system You will need a piece of reinforced plastic tube. It is connected to the waste pipe using a heat-shrinkable tube or threaded flange. The drainage must be installed at an angle of at least 5-10 mm. This is necessary for the natural flow of water.

Sometimes, for some reason, such a tilt cannot be made. In this case, you will have to additionally install a special pump to pump out moisture. I must say that purchasing it can cost about 70-200 dollars. The price depends on the pump model.

Stage six: sealing and vacuuming

The easiest and most reliable way to check sealing is with a soap solution. To prepare it, you need to buy half a liter of distilled water at the pharmacy and heat it, then throw in shavings of laundry soap.

By using a rubber hose from a bicycle hand pump connected to the outlet nipple, you can easily check the seal quality. This is done like this: one worker pumps up the air, and the other spreads a soap solution onto the threaded connection with a brush and watches for the appearance of bubbles. When they stop swelling, tighten them another 1/8 turn. After completing the work, remove soap deposits with a damp cloth.

Having completed the seal check, the system must be evacuated, i.e., moisture, dust and air that have entered there must be removed. To do this, return the nipple to its place and tighten it. Next, connect a vacuum pump and pump for about an hour. During this time, the moisture from the system should evaporate along with the remaining air.

Final stage: testing

To carry out the tests, the split system is filled with refrigerant from a cylinder through a special adapter on which a pressure gauge is installed. Wait until the pressure gauge shows the pressure indicated in the instructions. It is worth noting here that air conditioners running on freon cannot be filled with refrigerant, and vice versa.

During testing, the circuit breaker is turned on, and the air conditioner should enter the mode itself. If this does not happen, you need to try running the test using the remote control. If this does not help, you will still have to call specialists, but know that all installation guarantees have already been lost.

In the event that the test is successful, the cold air is released and the blinds are installed in the desired position, you can safely tell yourself and others that you now know how to install a split system yourself. And the final touch - you need to seal the hole in the wall. And not with foam, but thoroughly.

To install an air conditioner, as a rule, you need to call specialists who, upon completion of installation of the equipment, will issue you with a document indicating that the work was carried out correctly. If you install a split system yourself, you lose the right to warranty service. But in order to save money, many home craftsmen try to install the air conditioner themselves. In this case, it is worth considering one point: in order to properly connect the external unit of the system with the internal one, and then put the unit into operation, you will need to purchase quite a expensive equipment. In addition, installing a split system is quite a troublesome task if you do it yourself. Purchasing equipment is advisable in the following cases:

• you plan to move one or more units to new locations;
• if you purchased several units;
• you are planning a major renovation of your apartment, which involves complete dismantling and then reinstalling the split system;
• you want to help install a split system for your friends or relatives;
• If you need this set of tools to repair your car air conditioner.

In other cases, installing an air conditioner in an apartment with your own hands is impractical.

The standard configuration of a split system usually includes such components.

Important! To install the air conditioner yourself and put it into operation, you need to supplement the standard equipment of the device.

Installation materials and tools

To install a split system yourself, you will need to purchase the following materials.

Without special tool also indispensable:

• pipe bender (how to use, shown in the video);
• Rimmer-stripping;
• pipe cutter (you can learn how to use it from the video);
• rolling (see video);
• manifold;
• Vacuum pump.

Selecting a mounting location for the indoor unit

The location of the indoor module should be such that during its operation you do not experience discomfort from the flow of cool air. If you look at the following figure, it will become clear without words what the ideal options for installing an air conditioner in an apartment are.

When placing the module above the head of the bed, the flow of cold air will not enter the rest area and will not cause harm to health. Workplace It is recommended to position it so that the air flow is either from the side or from the rear. If the table you work at is located under an air conditioner in an apartment or office, you can install a special screen under the hairdryer to direct the flow along the ceiling.

Requirements for installation of the indoor unit

There are the following rules for placing the indoor air conditioner unit in a room:

• the distance between the hair dryer and the ceiling must be at least 15 cm (some models are installed at a distance of 20-30 cm from the ceiling);
• the distance from the installed block to the wall on the right or left is at least 30 cm;
• the obstacle in the path of air flow should be no closer than 150 cm.

Sometimes the question arises: at what height should the indoor module be hung if the room high ceilings? On average, you can hang an air conditioner on the wall at a height 280 cm from the floor, as it shown on the picture.

The following figure shows examples various options installations that clearly show how best to install an air conditioner.

Requirements for installation of the outdoor unit

The external module of the unit is usually placed under a window, near a window or on a balcony. If the balcony fence is strong enough, then you can fix the module on it.

If the apartment is on the first floor, then the outdoor unit must be located at a height of at least 2 meters from the ground, adhering to the rule: the outdoor unit must be mounted slightly lower than the indoor unit, or at the same level with it.

When installing split system modules, you should remember the minimum and maximum distances between them. These values ​​may differ between different HVAC manufacturers. For example, for Panasonic split systems minimum distance there can be 3 meters between modules, and for Daikin - from 1.5 to 2.5 meters.

Some manufacturers do not specify a minimum distance at all. In this case, the blocks can be placed back to back.

The maximum length of the route between modules is usually 6 meters. More is allowed, but in such a situation it will be necessary refilling with freon, which entails additional material investments. Therefore, if produced self installation air conditioner, it is better not to exceed the designated 6 meters.

Installation procedure

The procedure for installing an air conditioner, including an inverter air conditioner, implies step-by-step installation all its modules and highways. Installation must be performed following the step-by-step instructions below.

The rules for installing an air conditioner state that at the first stage you will need to install the indoor unit (hair dryer) of the air conditioner. To do this, follow these steps.

1. To properly install the air conditioner yourself, take a steel mounting frame and attach it to the wall where the hair dryer is intended to be installed (taking into account all the distances described above). It is important that the frame for installing the air conditioner is placed strictly horizontally(use a building level).
2. Mark places for fastenings.
3. Using a hammer drill, make holes in the wall and hammer plastic dowels into them.
4. Place the plate against the wall and secure it with self-tapping screws.
5. The hair dryer is suspended on the mount (plate) for the air conditioner, after which it is necessary to check the horizontal position again. If you allow the air conditioner in the room to skew in the opposite direction from the drainage channel, the liquid will accumulate in the pan and flow down the walls.

Preparation of communication channels

Do-it-yourself air conditioner installation continues with preparing the channel for the main line. To bring out the freon circuit tubes, power cables and drainage, it is necessary to make a hole of the appropriate diameter in the wall. For this, a hammer drill with a long drill is used. To ensure free flow of condensate to the street, it is necessary to make slight slope.

Outdoor unit installation

Installing an external air conditioner unit is considered the most labor-intensive process when installing split systems. The difficulties arise from the fact that the weight of the module can reach 20 kg or more, due to the compressor located in it. In addition, most often the external module is installed at a high height.

To begin, make markings using a level. Then use a hammer drill to make holes. Next, they are screwed into anchor bolts, and the brackets themselves are screwed to them with nuts. After the brackets are securely fastened, the external module is installed on them.

When installing an air conditioner, especially an outdoor unit, you will need the help of at least one person. If the module is installed at a high altitude, then you will not be able to install the air conditioner yourself. It is better to use the services of climbers to hang this module.

The outdoor module is attached to the brackets using bolts. It is recommended to place thick rubber under the feet to reduce vibration.

Connecting blocks by communications

To continue installing the split system with your own hands, you need to connect both modules to each other.

1. First of all, remove the protective plastic lids on the terminals of the external unit. Using the instructions, connect the control and power cables that come from the indoor module to them.
2. Carefully, in order to connect the modules in the future, make route installation your air conditioner, having previously put thermal insulation on the tubes (the ends are fixed with reinforced tape). To prevent debris from getting into the tubes, also seal their ends with tape. The track is secured with clamps screwed to the wall. After this, measure the length of the line and cut the tubes, leaving a margin of 10 cm. Place union nuts on them and roll the ends. Using a rimmer, remove the chamfer. The laying of a route (main) for an air conditioner can be carried out both outside and inside the premises, if for aesthetic reasons it is prohibited to place any communications on the facade of the building.
3. Using union nuts, first screw the tubes to the fittings of the external module, then to the fittings of the internal module.
4. Secure the drain tube using plastic clamps.

Below is a diagram of the connection of split system modules.

Vacuuming

Without evacuating the line, refrigerant cannot be introduced into the system. This procedure will require availability vacuum pump and manifold. The pump is connected to the filling fitting through the manifold, as shown in the figure below (the valves on the manifold should be in the “closed” position), after which it is turned on for 20-30 minutes. to remove residual air from the system.

After turning on the vacuum pump, you need to open the handle located under the low pressure gauge. After a short period of time, the needle on the pressure gauge will begin to fall and reach zero, within 30 seconds or more. The pumping time depends on the length of the line and the diameter of the tubes. The position of the arrow at zero means that in the highway a vacuum has formed.

Do not turn off the pump for at this stage. Continue vacuuming for about 30 minutes. After the specified time has passed, first turn off the tap on the manifold, and only then turn off the pump. If the tap is not closed, air will leak into the system.

Freon filling

Freon is launched into the system without disconnecting the hose connected to the service port valve. If this is done before the refrigerant starts, air will enter the line.

In order to independently introduce refrigerant into the system, you need to slowly open the valve located on the liquid valve using an allen key. After filling the line with refrigerant, you can unscrew the hose connected to the service port located on the gas valve.

Attention! When the hose is disconnected, freon may be released, which can freeze your hands and damage your eyes. It is recommended to wear safety glasses and gloves on your hands. The face must be kept away from the fitting.

It is necessary to unscrew the fitting from the valve as quickly as possible to reduce the loss of freon. Don't be alarmed by loud hissing. The nut may become covered with frost when the refrigerant escapes. Do not touch it without gloves to avoid getting burned.

All connections can be washed to check for leaks. After checking, screw all the plugs onto the valve valves, not applying much force, but well enough. If you tighten them loosely, it is possible that winter period will happen Freon leak.

After you have verified that the line is tight, turn on the split system for a while, then check all connections again. At this stage, the installation of the wall-mounted air conditioner is considered complete.

Do I need permission?

People often ask whether permission is needed to install a split system, and is it possible to install it without approval from the authorities? Based on practice, permission to install an air conditioner is not required. An exception may be cases when it is necessary to coordinate the installation of climate control equipment with the authorities in buildings that are architectural monuments or having historical, aesthetic value. In other cases, approval is not required for the installation of climate control equipment.