The direct purpose for which a fire system is installed is the safety of property and people’s lives. In the event of a system malfunction, both expensive equipment at the enterprise where the fire protection system was installed and the lives of all personnel may be at risk, this is logical. Timely maintenance of fire systems will ensure the longevity of the device and the safety of everything and all those who may suffer from malfunctions fire system.
There is warranty and preventive maintenance. Company "Montazh-OPS Service" warns that the first maintenance option cannot be implemented due to improper operation of the system. Therefore, it is recommended to pay special attention to the written operating instructions, so maintenance fire protection systems will become more convenient. It is also important to familiarize all personnel with the rules of use.
Maintenance systems fire safety is also carried out through preventive work. Prevention, as an independent phenomenon, is created to prevent undesirable situations with the most different types services. There are one-time services for the provision of preventive maintenance regarding systems fire safety. Company "Montazh-OPS Service" recommends concluding an agreement with one specialized organization so as not to constantly look for specialists from different companies. First of all, such a choice will allow a specific specialist to thoroughly learn a specific system. Also, constant maintenance will protect you and the company from sudden undesirable situations.
Fire systems
Despite the fact that the fire system is a complex device, it is installed in almost any enterprise. Such a popular purchase may receive various damages after installation. The automatic system may have external damage and may fail software, the settings may not be set correctly. Constantly monitoring systems can be a reliable way to protect against data and many other types of damage. A minor malfunction can cause severe consequences. Therefore the company "Montazh-OPS Service" recommends proper care behind the fire safety system.
7. Operation of automatic systems
against fire protection
7.1. Legend:
ASD - automatic system smoke removal;
AUGP - automatic installation gas fire extinguishing;
AUPT - automatic fire extinguishing installation;
AUPS - automatic installation fire alarm;
GGE - gas generating element;
GOA - fire extinguishing aerosol generator;
ZPU - locking and starting device;
SOUE - warning and control system for evacuation of people in case of fire;
TO - technical maintenance;
TS - technical means;
UVP - water fire extinguishing installation;
UPP - foam fire extinguishing installation;
UAP - installation aerosol fire extinguishing.
7.2. Each facility must have documentation available, the list of which is indicated in Appendix 8.
The service organization records the results of maintenance and repair work in the logbook for recording work on maintenance and routine repair of automatic fire protection systems (Appendix 9). Requirements for the journal and rules for its design - in accordance with RD 25.964-90 "Maintenance and repair system automatic installations fire extinguishing, smoke removal, security, fire and security-fire alarm systems."
7.3. Automatic fire protection systems must comply with the design requirements.
7.4. Automatic fire protection systems must be put into operation in the prescribed manner.
7.5. Operation of automatic fire protection systems must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of these Rules and taking into account the requirements of the Fire Safety Rules in the Russian Federation (PPB 01-03), Rules for the Construction of Electrical Installations (PUE), Rules for the Technical Operation of Consumer Electrical Installations (PTE), Safety Rules for operation of consumer electrical installations (PTB), Rules for the design and safe operation of pressure vessels (PB 03-576-03), NPB 240-97 "Smoke protection of buildings and structures. Methods of acceptance and periodic tests", SNiP 41-01-2003 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning."
7.6. Automatic fire protection systems must be operated continuously around the clock.
Each facility must have 24/7 monitoring of working condition automatic fire protection systems and alarms devices AUPT, AUPS, SOUE, ASD.
7.7. All malfunctions and false alarms of AUPT, AUPS, SOUE, ASD devices must be recorded in the fault log.
7.8. The operating conditions of AUPT, AUPS, SOUE, ASD devices must comply with the operating conditions specified in technical documentation for these devices.
7.9. Making any changes to the design of the system (installation), changing the functional purpose of the protected premises, their redevelopment, installation of a new one in the protected premises technological equipment, other reconstructions may be carried out in agreement with the design organization, having notified the territorial bodies of the state fire supervision (GFS) in writing.
7.10. For high-quality operation of automatic fire protection systems at each facility:
a) by order or directive of the administration, appoint:
executive from the administration responsible for operating the system;
operational (duty) personnel for round-the-clock monitoring of the operational status and alarm signals of automatic fire protection systems;
b) Maintenance of fire protection installations and systems must be carried out by a specialized organization that has a valid license from the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia for this type activities and qualified, specially trained specialists to perform maintenance work.
7.11. During the period of maintenance or repair work related to the shutdown of installations and (or) systems, the management of the facility is obliged to take the necessary measures to protect buildings, structures, premises, and technological equipment from fires.
7.12. Control over compliance with maintenance regulations, the timeliness and quality of their implementation in the case of maintenance of installations and systems by specialized organizations is assigned to a representative of the administration.
7.13. At the facilities, instructions must be developed for the duty (operational) and service personnel operating instructions for installations and (or) systems of each type and on the procedure for the actions of operational (duty) personnel upon receiving a signal about a fire or a malfunction of the installation (system).
7.14. Persons duly appointed responsible for the operation of systems (installations), maintenance and operational (duty) personnel are responsible for compliance with the requirements of these Rules in accordance with job descriptions and the responsibilities assigned to them.
7.15. Checking the quality of work performed and technical condition smoke protection engineering equipment installed at the facility is carried out on the basis of the results of acceptance tests in accordance with NPB 240-97 "Smoke protection of buildings and structures. Methods of acceptance and periodic tests" and comprehensive testing of the fire protection of the facility as a whole.
The requirements of the maintenance regulations must be no lower than the requirements of the Standard Maintenance Regulations for Automatic Smoke Exhaust Installations (Appendix 11).
7.16. The AUPS equipment, including the AUPS equipment as part of the AUPT, SOUE, must be provided with free access, and its installation sites must have sufficient illumination.
7.17. During the period repair work AUPS (AUPT), SOUE equipment must be protected from construction dust (plaster, paint, whitewash, etc.). After completion of the repair, the protective devices must be removed.
7.18. AUPS, SOUE equipment must be kept clean at all times and must not have traces of corrosion, moisture, dust, or dirt.
7.19. AUPS and SOUE equipment must not have mechanical damage.
7.20. AUPS, SOUE equipment must be equipped protective devices in places where there is a possibility of mechanical damage. These devices should not affect its performance.
7.21. The stock of fire detectors at the facility must be at least 5% of the number installed. This stock of fire detectors can be stored at the facility or in an organization engaged in the maintenance of the automatic fire alarm system of this facility.
7.22. The placement of fire detectors must comply with the design documentation and the requirements of NPB 88-2001* "Fire extinguishing and alarm installations. Design standards and rules."
7.23. It is prohibited to install detectors of a different type or principle of operation in place of faulty fire and sound detectors, as well as to install interlocks in the loop where there is no fire detector.
7.24. The distance from stored materials and equipment to fire and sound detectors must be at least 0.6 m.
7.25. In rooms protected by smoke fire detectors, the presence of suspended dust in quantities that can cause false alarms of the automatic fire alarm system is not allowed.
7.26. It is prohibited to install heat sources near thermal fire detectors that can negatively affect their operation.
7.27. In case of repair or malfunction of a manual call point, a plate with the appropriate inscription must be installed on it.
7.28. The maintenance of radioisotope fire detectors must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of Radiation Safety Standards (NRB-99), Basic Sanitary Rules for Working with Radioisotope Substances and Other Sources of Ionizing Radiation (OSP-72/87), Sanitary rules design and operation of radioisotope devices 1946 and other requirements.
7.29. Device housings must have reliable grounding.
7.30. Reception and control devices, control devices must be sealed and protected from unauthorized access to the controls.
7.31. The laid cables and wires must not have dents, kinks, damaged or exposed areas of insulation.
note.
There appears to be a typo in the official text of the document: this refers to Appendix 12.
7.32. The requirements of the maintenance regulations must be no lower than the requirements of the Standard Maintenance Regulations for Automatic Installations and Fire Alarm Systems (Appendix 6).
7.33. When organizing the technical operation of water and foam fire extinguishing installations, it is necessary to be guided by:
GOST R 50680-94 "Automatic water fire extinguishing systems. General technical requirements. Test methods";
GOST R 50800-95 "Automatic foam fire extinguishing systems. General technical requirements. Test methods";
requirements of these Rules.
7.34. During the operation of water and foam fire extinguishing installations, control must be ensured:
condition of sprinklers (in places where there is a danger of mechanical damage, sprinklers must be protected by fences that do not affect the irrigation map and the distribution of heat flows);
standard sizes of sprinklers (within each distribution pipeline (one section) sprinklers of the same standard size must be installed);
maintenance of sprinklers (sprinklers must be kept clean at all times; during repair work in the protected premises, sprinklers must be protected from plaster, paint and whitewash; after the completion of repairs to the premises, protective devices must be removed);
availability of a supply of sprinklers (the supply of sprinklers at the facility (enterprise) must be at least 10% for each type of sprinklers from those installed on distribution pipelines for their timely replacement during operation);
protective coating pipelines (pipelines in rooms with a chemically active or aggressive environment must be protected with acid-resistant paint);
availability of a functional diagram for tying control nodes (each control node must have a functional diagram piping, and in each direction - a plate indicating the operating pressures, the name of the protected premises, the type and number of sprinklers in each section of the system, the position (state) of the shut-off elements in standby mode);
the presence on reservoirs containing an emergency supply of water for fire extinguishing purposes, devices that exclude the consumption of water for other needs;
availability of a reserve (stock) of foaming agent (a 100% reserve of foaming agent must be provided at the facility (enterprise) for foam fire extinguishing systems);
provision of premises pumping station telephone communication with the control center;
the presence at the entrance to the pumping station premises of a sign “Fire extinguishing station” and a constantly functioning light board with a similar inscription;
the presence of clearly and neatly executed piping diagrams for the pumping station posted in the pumping station premises and schematic diagram fire extinguishing systems. All showing measuring instruments must have inscriptions about working pressures and permissible limits of their measurements.
7.35. Prohibited:
install plugs and plugs to replace broken or faulty sprinklers, as well as install sprinklers with a lock melting temperature different from that provided for in the design;
store materials at a distance of less than 0.6 m from sprinklers;
use fire extinguishing installation pipelines for hanging or fastening any equipment;
connect production or plumbing equipment to the supply pipelines of the fire extinguishing system;
install shut-off valves and flange connections on supply and distribution pipelines;
use internal fire hydrants installed on the sprinkler network for purposes other than fire suppression;
use compressors for purposes not related to ensuring the operability of the installation.
7.36. The requirements of the maintenance regulations for the inspected installation must not be lower than the requirements of the Standard regulations for the maintenance of water-foam fire extinguishing installations.
7.37. During operation of the installations powder fire extinguishing control must be ensured during external inspection:
absence of dents, chips, deep scratches on the body, control units, head of the powder fire extinguishing module, condition of protective and paint coatings;
pressure control for injection-type modules;
presence of factory seals on safety devices according to the documentation for the module;
presence of clear module markings;
condition of spray nozzles and pipelines (if any) for mechanical damage, traces of corrosion, dirt or other objects that prevent the exit of fire extinguishing powder from the pipeline or module;
reliability of fastening of pipelines, modules;
availability of protection devices against unauthorized start-up of the installation;
state of the linear part of the alarm loop;
compliance of laid electrical wiring, installed detectors, devices, boxes, etc. project documentation or survey report.
note.
7.39. If deficiencies are found during the inspection, it is necessary to eliminate their causes, carry out preventive maintenance on site (tint, wipe, etc.); if it is impossible to eliminate the deficiencies, replace them; send the removed installation elements for repair and for additional tests, for example hydraulic (in if the module housing is damaged).
7.40. When inspecting the module, the fire extinguishing powder cylinder and the propellant gas cylinder (if available) should be discharged. The cylinder body must be cleaned of powder residues. External and internal inspections were carried out, as well as hydraulic test for strength. After successful implementation During testing, the module must be dried until traces of moisture are removed and charged with fire extinguishing powder.
7.41. Technical means AUPS as part of a fire extinguishing installation are checked in accordance with the requirements for AUPS.
7.42. Prohibited:
Perform module maintenance with the system turned on automatic start;
break seals, disassemble safety valves;
in modules with gas-generating elements (GGE) as gas sources, it is prohibited to disassemble and strike the GGE body;
use of installation pipelines for hanging or fastening any equipment;
use installation elements, modules in particular, with expired fire extinguishing powder quality control and service life.
7.43. The requirements of the maintenance regulations for the inspected installation must not be lower than the requirements of the Standard regulations for the maintenance of powder fire extinguishing installations.
7.44. Maintenance of aerosol fire extinguishing installations (AFE) must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the current regulatory documents And project documentation, taking into account the technical documentation for the elements included in the UAP, in the amount and time frame established by special schedules, but at least once a quarter.
7.45. The location of the GOA in the protected premises should provide the ability to visually monitor the integrity of their housing, terminals for connecting generator starting circuits, and the ability to replace a faulty generator with a new one.
7.46. When operating the UAP, the following basic requirements must be observed:
note.
There appears to be a typo in the official text of the document: this refers to Appendix 15.
the requirements of the maintenance regulations for the inspected UAP must not be lower than the requirements of the Standard regulations for the maintenance of aerosol fire extinguishing installations (Appendix 9);
absence of dents, deep scratches on the body, membrane, ignition units;
if there is a danger of mechanical damage at the installation site of the GOA, then they must be fenced;
the installation locations of the GOA, their orientation in space must correspond to the project;
GOA must have seals or other devices confirming their integrity;
fire load of the room protected by the UAP, its leakage and geometric dimensions must correspond to the project;
there should be no flammable materials and equipment on the surface of the GOA and in the zone affected by the high-temperature aerosol jet specified in the TD for the GOA in accordance with the requirements of the project and NPB 88-2001*;
GOA starting circuits must be laid and protected from thermal and other influences in accordance with the design;
the reserve of GOA must correspond to the project;
presence and serviceability of light and sound alarms in the protected premises and in the duty post premises;
availability of instructions for maintenance personnel located in the protected premises on actions to take when the aerosol fire extinguishing installation is activated.
7.47. AUPS technical means as part of a fire extinguishing installation are checked in accordance with the requirements for AUPS.
7.48. When working with GOA, you should know their main characteristics and be sure to follow the following safety precautions:
GOA are fire hazardous products (without explosive squibs or pyro-igniters);
work with GOA is carried out by a team of at least 2 people. The team consists of qualified workers over 18 years of age who have been trained in the operation of the GOA;
all work with GOA must be carried out in rooms equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation, and in the presence of appropriate fire extinguishing means (sand, asbestos sheet, powder fire extinguishers and etc.);
at the workplace it is allowed to carry out work with one GOA;
when working with GOA in work area it is prohibited to smoke, use heating devices and use open fire;
When working with GOA, measures must be taken to prevent the occurrence of induction currents and the accumulation of static electricity charges in workplaces and on personnel. Equipment and structures in the work area must be grounded;
It is prohibited to expose the GOA to heating above 50-80 °C (or the values specified in the documentation), impacts, shocks, dragging and throwing. It is strictly forbidden to disassemble the GOA (except for the cases specified in the documentation);
when carrying out work with the GOA, it is prohibited to stand against the outlet (the outlet should be directed away from the workers);
in case of unauthorized activation of the GOA, working personnel should be evacuated. It is not recommended to extinguish activated fire extinguishers. It is advisable to include supply and exhaust ventilation. If it is necessary to carry out emergency operations, work is carried out in an appropriate, most often filtering, gas mask (respiratory and vision protection);
When working with pyro-igniters, one should take into account their increased fire and explosion hazard and observe additional measures security:
disassembly is prohibited;
it is forbidden to expose to heat, mechanical stress(impact, friction);
It is prohibited to store in rooms with explosive substances;
connection of electric squib cartridges (igniters) to the GOA should be made after completion installation work and with “shorted” contacts;
connection of a de-energized starting circuit should be carried out while observing protective measures against possible exposure to a high-temperature jet.
7.49. When operating and repairing the UAP, it is necessary to comply with (take into account) the requirements of GOST 2.601-95 "Operational Documents", GOST 2.0.001-82 "System of Occupational Safety Standards", Electrical Installation Rules, safety requirements set out in the technical documentation for all elements of the UAP, other applicable NTD approved in accordance with the established procedure:
each UAP must be assigned a person responsible for its safety, operability and compliance with safety regulations;
it is necessary to comply with the rules for storage, transportation and disposal of elements included in the UAP and specified in the operational documents for these elements;
Persons at least 18 years of age who have studied the device, operating principle and operating instructions of the UAP, and who have undergone special instruction and training must be allowed to work with the UAP. safe methods labor, testing knowledge of safety rules and operating instructions for UAP in accordance with the position held in relation to the work performed in accordance with GOST 12.0.004-90;
places where tests and repair work of the UAP are carried out must be equipped with warning signs with the semantic meaning "Caution! Other hazards" in accordance with GOST 12.4.026-76 and an explanatory inscription "Tests in progress!", "Repairs", as well as posted instructions and rules security. The start and completion of testing and repair work must be reported to the fire station of the facility or to the territorial authorities of the State Fire Department;
entering the room after launching a fire extinguishing aerosol into it until the end of ventilation is permitted only after the end of the UAP operation and wearing respiratory and visual protection equipment provided for in the technical documentation for GOA (most often filtering respiratory and visual protection equipment).
7.50. During the technical operation of gas fire extinguishing installations, it is necessary to be guided by GOST R 50969-96 "Automatic gas fire extinguishing installations. General technical requirements. Test methods", GOST 12.4.009-83, NPB 88-2001*, design and technical documentation for AUGP and its components .
Technical operation AUGP, which includes isothermal tanks, is regulated by special regulatory and technical documents.
note.
7.51. During operation, control of the AUGP must be carried out in accordance with the Standard Regulations for the Maintenance of Gas Fire Extinguishing Installations (Appendix 10) and the operating manuals for the elements included in the AUGP.
7.52. Monitoring and testing of AUGP during operation should be carried out without release fire extinguishing agent according to the methods set out in GOST R 50969-96.
7.53. Control of the mass (pressure) of the fire extinguishing agent and the pressure of the propellant gas, control of the gas pressure in the launch cylinders must be carried out within the time limits established by the regulations and TD for the constituent elements of the AUGP with a note in the log. The requirements for the fire extinguishing agent and propellant gas used when refueling modules must comply with the design and be the same as for the initial refueling.
7.54. Fire extinguishing stations must be equipped and maintained in a condition consistent with the design and NPB 88-2001*.
7.55. The placement of nozzles in the protected area must comply with the requirements of NPB 88-2001*.
In places where there is a risk of mechanical damage, nozzles must be protected.
Nozzles must be kept clean at all times. During the period of repair work in the protected premises, the nozzles must be protected from contact with construction dust (plaster, paint, whitewash, etc.). After completion of the repair, the protective devices must be removed.
Prohibited:
install plugs and plugs instead of faulty nozzles;
store materials and equipment at a distance of less than 0.6 m from the nozzles.
7.56. Pipelines of gas fire extinguishing installations must comply with the requirements of NPB 88-2001* and GOST R 50969-96.
In protected areas with an aggressive environment, pipelines must be painted with durable acid-resistant paint.
Prohibited:
use of pipelines of installations for suspension and fastening of any equipment;
making technological changes to the installation and piping without a corresponding design.
7.57. Incentive systems of AUGP must comply with the requirements of NPB 88-2001* and GOST R 50969-96.
7.58. Manual (local and remote) starting devices must comply with the requirements of GOST 12.4.009-83 and NPB 88-2001*.
7.59. During maintenance, testing and repair of AUGP, safety requirements must be observed in accordance with GOST R 50969-96, GOST 2.0.001-82, PUE, safety requirements set out in the TD for all elements of AUGP, and other existing normative and technical documentation.
7.60. If during operation of the AUGP its operation or failure occurs, the operability of the AUGP must be restored (refilling with fire extinguishing agent, propellant gas, replacing modules, squibs in launch cylinders, distribution devices, membranes, etc.) and the corresponding entries were made in the journal and passports for the installation elements.
In the case of using a gas fire extinguishing agent from the reserve, it must be restored simultaneously with the restoration of the AUGP functionality.
note.
There appears to be a typo in the official text of the document: this refers to Appendix 16.
7.61. The frequency and scope of work during the operation of gas fire extinguishing installations are determined by the Standard Regulations for the Maintenance of AUGP (Appendix 10) and the technical documentation for its elements.
7.62. The frequency of inspection of cylinders (vessels) should be observed in accordance with PB 03-576-03.
7.63. The frequency of replacement of squibs in the ZPU and other units of the installation is determined by the technical documentation for the squibs.
7.64. AUGP components that have exhausted the service life specified by the manufacturer must be replaced with new ones.
It is allowed to extend the service life of AUGP elements based on the results of tests carried out in the prescribed manner.
7.65. AUPS technical means as part of a gas fire extinguishing installation are checked in accordance with the requirements for AUPS.
note.
Paragraph numbering is given in accordance with the official text of the document.
7.65. The control room (fire station) must be suitable for round-the-clock duty.
7.66. The control room (fire station) must be dry and well ventilated. The room temperature should be from 18 to 25 °C, relative humidity no more than 80%.
7.66. The control center (fire station) must have sufficient natural and artificial lighting (at least 150 lux for fluorescent lamps and at least 100 lux for incandescent lamps).
7.66. In the control room (fire station), in addition to working lighting, emergency lighting must be provided, providing illumination on working surfaces of at least 10% of the corresponding working lighting standards.
7.67. The control center (fire station) must be equipped with:
a floor plan with a breakdown of protected areas;
instructions for operating the installation and the procedure for operating (duty) personnel upon receiving signals of fire and malfunction;
local and city telephone communications;
working electric lights (at least 2 pieces).
7.68. The power supply to the equipment of automatic fire protection systems must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Electrical Installation Rules (PUE) for the power supply of category 1 electrical receivers, with the exception of cases specified in NPB 88-2001*.
7.69. The equipment of automatic fire protection systems must be provided with electricity from two independent, mutually redundant power sources, and a power supply interruption from one of the power sources can only be allowed while the faulty feeder is being restored.
7.70. Every 5 years, as well as after the expiration of the service life specified in the technical documentation, a technical examination of the entire installation is carried out to determine the possibility of its further use for its intended purpose in accordance with RD 25.964-90.
7.71. Technical examination is carried out by a commission with the participation of representatives of the customer (the organization operating the system, the organization servicing the system), the territorial body of the State Fire Service and, if necessary, other organizations.
7.72. The results of the examination are documented in the appropriate act.
7.73. Depending on the state of automatic fire protection systems, the commission adopts the following recommendations:
perform installation new installation(replace installation);
carry out repairs of individual installation equipment;
extend the operation of the installation by setting a date for the next survey.
Security systems are regulated regarding their installation, as well as regarding maintenance. Therefore, specialists in the field of maintenance of fire safety systems work in accordance with certain documents on the operation of fire safety systems and regulations regarding technical parameters. These documents describe typical problems and ways to resolve them. Experience is another component of the effective operation of your fire safety system. The knowledge, experience and skills of maintenance specialists will ensure long-term and effective work such a complex device as a fire safety system.
Maintenance of security systems includes mandatory monthly inspections and routine repairs if needed. It is worth noting that monthly inspection is mandatory for large enterprises where masses of people accumulate. At small sites, monitoring is also mandatory, but is carried out quarterly.
This service is achieved in different ways. Owners sometimes resort to one-time assistance various specialists. Given that the security system requires frequent inspection for malfunctions, the company "Montazh-OPS Service" recommends using the services of one company for a long period. As a rule, this type of service involves the conclusion of an agreement between the parties.
What is the benefit of ongoing service from a specific company that specializes in a given area? First of all, this is a close acquaintance of the specialist with a specific system. This factor will allow you to quickly find the problem and fix it. The second factor will be saving your time. Having concluded a contract once, you won’t have to worry about finding a new specialist every month or every quarter.
Security systems
Various systems are served differently. The cost of maintenance may be affected by the number of sections, their volume, and the number and volume of modules. The structure of the device can also affect it. Often the determining factor is the number of detectors. In this case, each detector and system maintenance are usually paid for as well.
You can learn about more detailed preventive monitoring of your specific fire safety system by consulting a specialist in this field.
