Do-it-yourself country house made of sip panels. Do-it-yourself frame house from sip panels, making sip panels at home

Below we list the pros and cons of using the technology of building houses from SIP panels.

Advantages:

• due to the high heat-saving characteristics of enclosing structures.
• More usable area- due to the small thickness of the walls, you can get 15-20% more usable area.
• Accelerated installation of the box at home (1-2 weeks).
• There is no need to construct an expensive foundation (for example, one installed in 1 day is sufficient).
• Saving on heavy lifting equipment can significantly reduce construction costs.
• You can build houses all year round- they do not shrink, so you can start immediately after assembly finishing work.
• The assembly technology is simple, you can even build a house from a SIP panel with your own hands - anyone who follows the instructions and knows how to hold a screwdriver and a saw can do this.

Flaws

• A slight thermal inertia of enclosing structures is typical for any frame houses.
• High price material - however, this is more than offset by savings in foundation costs and a reduction in construction time.
• Enclosing structures do not breathe, and, therefore, an effective device is necessary - this drawback is also inherent in all frame houses.
• The flammability of enclosing structures is no higher than that of any wooden buildings.
• Combustion release harmful substances- indeed, when polystyrene foam melts, styrene is released with a specific sweetish odor. When its concentration in the air is more than 600 ppm (1 ppm = 4.26 mg/m3), it is dangerous to humans. But the smell of styrene becomes unbearable even at concentrations above 200 ppm, and this is an unambiguous signal for urgent evacuation.
• Suitable for rodents - although these animals are bred anywhere, there are known cases when rats even gnawed through concrete in search of food.

There are also cheaper products on the market with linings 9 mm thick, but they are only suitable for walls and partitions of small one-story buildings.

Differences between a factory SIP panel

1. Inaccurate geometry. The shift of the plates relative to each other, the diamond-shaped or trapezoidal shape of the panel are easily identified using a square and a tape measure.
2. Use of low-quality OSB with low moisture resistance. Wet the surface of the panel generously for an hour or two. If the chips begin to peel off, you have a defective product.
3. Low strength adhesive connection. This is perhaps the main feature of goods produced in a semi-handicraft way. The product can only be checked by tearing off one of the coverings from the insulation. High quality panel It breaks not along the seam, but along the foam sheet.
4. Making the middle part of the panel from fragments of polystyrene foam boards. To reduce the amount of waste, handicraft enterprises use cuttings of insulation, which negatively affects both the strength and the heat-insulating properties. The joints of polystyrene foam boards are easy to see at the ends of the panels.

Step-by-step construction of a house from SIP panels

Foundation

Companies that build houses from SIP panels recommend making one that fully meets the concept of a prefabricated building. Piles for a house with an area of ​​up to 150 m² can be installed in two to three days, and with the help of a special installation - in one day; Assembling a grillage from a channel or timber frame will also not take much time.

The force of frost heaving is many times greater than the load from light walls made of SIP panels. In such conditions, piled and insulated shallow foundations work best.

(their most common diameter is 108 mm, length - 2.5 and 3 m) are placed under external and internal main walls, as well as crossbars (they are needed to reduce the span of beams) in increments of 1.5–2 m. Such a base leads well itself on heaving soils and practically does not settle under light walls - provided that the laying depth was determined not randomly, but as a result of test screwing with force measurement: the blades of the piles should rest on dense layers of soil.

To last for more than 50 years, you need to purchase steel piles with a thickness of at least 4 mm with cast tips, which resist corrosion much better than welded ones; After installation, they should be filled with concrete. One support, including installation, will cost 2,400–2,700 rubles, that is, the cost of a foundation for a house measuring 8 × 10 m will not exceed 100 thousand rubles. True, finishing the basement will require additional expenses: you will have to assemble from cement-bonded or glass-magnesite sheets (for facing with tiles or stone) or decorative panels on the frame.

Main alternative pile-screw foundation- traditional for country house construction a shallow-buried strip 0.3–0.4 m wide and 0.6–0.8 m high. If you prepare concrete yourself rather than buy it at a factory, such a foundation will cost slightly less than a pile foundation, but the construction time will increase by at least 3 weeks . The key to the reliability of a strip foundation is a properly executed reinforcement cage; it should be designed in accordance with SP 63.13330.2012 (the main requirements are the presence of at least two reinforcing chords and a reinforcement coefficient of at least 0.1%). The base of this foundation cannot be erected on heterogeneous soils with quicksand. The lightweight one is optimal for swampy areas with highly heaving and weak-bearing soils. The slab is poured on top of a sand and gravel drainage pad, a layer of extruded polystyrene foam with a thickness of at least 100 mm and a waterproofing substrate. The minimum thickness of the slab is 200 mm, and it must be reinforced with a two-level frame made of rods with a diameter of 12 mm. To protect the walls from water (mainly melt water), it is worth erecting a reinforced concrete plinth 0.3–0.5 m high along the contour of the slab. It is advisable to insulate the blind area and the plinth with 50 mm thick EPS sheets.

It is advisable to strengthen the foundation made of steel piles with a grillage made of a channel or I-beam. The grillage rand beams must be welded to each other and, in addition, welded to the piles. Metal parts must be protected from corrosion and isolated from the wooden frame with rolled waterproofing.

When installing a floating strip foundation, there is no point in going deep into clay soil— it is better to build up the above-ground part, which will serve as a base. The reinforcement frame should be knitted with galvanized wire. The connections must be strong and durable, because the frame must work as a single unit throughout the entire service life of the foundation.

Walls

Despite the fact that the technology is considered unified, each company and even team has its own methods of assembling enclosing structures - successful and not so successful.

Construction requires products of both standard and non-standard sizes- lintels over openings, partitions, roofing elements, etc. Large companies with their own production line carry out cutting only in factory conditions. Small firms and “autonomous” teams often cut out the necessary fragments on site using circular saw and a polystyrene foam grater (with this tool, grooves are selected along the perimeter of the panels). With this method there is a high risk of violation geometric dimensions rooms and openings, the appearance of gaps at the joints of parts.

The construction technology involves the installation of a hidden frame, the parts of which are inserted into the grooves of the panels. For the frame, select chamber-dried lumber should be used, impregnated with an antiseptic composition, and for floor beams it is advisable to use either a wooden I-beam. Alas, sometimes under-dried products are used, which can warp, which will lead to the appearance of cracks and deformation of walls and ceilings. The junction of panels with frame elements is always sealed polyurethane foam. However, some teams are accustomed to assembling racks from two boards, simply tightening them with screws without any sealing of the seam. In this case, timber 150 × 100 mm can be installed in the corners. It seems that this should increase the strength of the frame of the house, but in practice such a solution only guarantees freezing of the corner in the harsh winter.

SIP panels allow the construction of buildings of complex configuration - with oblique angles and bay windows. True, this increases labor costs and the amount of waste, and hence the cost of 1 m2 of house area.

Roof

An attic or semi-attic floor can be built using SIP panels or traditional technology with insulation mineral wool or other materials.

Sometimes you can hear that roofing pie based on SIP panels, it is more resistant to moisture (after all, expanded polystyrene has extremely low water absorption). However, the constant presence of moisture (which can seep through roof covering or coming from below in the form of steam) leads to the destruction of panel coverings (OSB). In addition, at temperatures above 80 ° C, the process of thermal destruction of expanded polystyrene begins.

Therefore, between SIP panels and roofing material it is necessary to provide a ventilation gap. You can’t do without a layer of vapor barrier on the side of the premises, as well as a ventilated ridge.

The load-bearing part of the roof made of SIP panels includes a ridge beam, purlins (bearing beams parallel to the ridge) and layered rafters, the function of which is performed by the beams between the panels. Installed panels covered with a continuous carpet of rolled vapor-permeable waterproofing, then a slatted sheathing is installed, to which a roofing covering (for example, profiled steel sheets) or another layer of OSB is attached, which serves as the basis for flexible bitumen shingles.

Drastically change the situation in better side Only a forced supply and exhaust system with heat recovery is capable, which will provide zonal air exchange. The main element of such a system is a recovery unit. For a cottage with an area of ​​about 120 m2, where a family of three or four people lives, an installation with a capacity of 180-250 m3/h is sufficient, the price of which will be 60-250 thousand rubles. depending on the design and manufacturer. The cost of the system with installation varies between 350-700 thousand rubles. without taking into account the costs of creating hidden cavities for laying ventilation ducts.

Finishing of SIP panels

In the vast majority of cases, the inside of walls made of SIP panels is sheathed with plasterboard, sheets of which can be attached directly to the internal OSB. The sheathing is made of two layers, providing channels for electrical wiring in the first layer (the cables must be placed in protective corrugated pipes or PVC boxes). At traditional way When installing gypsum boards (using lath or steel sheathing), pipes and cables are laid in cavities under the sheathing.

Most often mounted outside curtain façade. In addition, plastering is possible, but in order to avoid cracks, it is advisable to use technology wet facade, With , wooden planks, composite panels.

Deciding to build private house yourself, often the emphasis is placed not so much on the quality of materials, but on their cheapness. Currently the most profitable and quick way construction— construction of houses from sip panels.

Panel construction gained popularity more than 50 years ago. Initially this technique has proven itself in Canada, Europe, Japan. Today the technology has gained many supporters among Russians.

Types of material: what are they made of?

SIP is a structural insulating panel consisting of two special sheets, between which insulation is placed.

Layers stick together under the influence of the press With high pressure. Standard thickness slabs are 9 mm or 12 mm.

Let's figure out what sip panels are made of?

Outer layers can be made from the following materials:

• oriented strand board;
• sheet of gypsum fiber or plasterboard;
• plywood;
• fiberboard board.

The following is used as insulation:

• expanded polystyrene is a porous material that is 90% air and is absolutely safe;
• polystyrene foam - waterproof, but flammable and prone to rapid combustion;
• polyurethane foam - has a high insulation threshold, does not conduct heat, is flammable;
• mineral wool - does not burn well, is safe for health.

In this article you can find out what a roof gable is and what it is needed for.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Sip panels have significant advantages:

The disadvantages of structures made from sip panels are the following:

1. Unsafe- primarily depends on the quality of the materials used in production. Many factories make panels using foam plastic. It’s better not to buy them; polystyrene foam emits formaldehyde.
2. Condensation forms at the junction of the frame and the slab, which leads to the appearance of joint defects.
3. The panels are sealed, therefore buildings need a forced ventilation system, which increases the cost.
4. Service life is limited. The structure loses its insulating properties after just a few years. This problem can be solved by replacing worn-out insulation with more durable polystyrene foam.

How to build a house from vulture panels with your own hands?

Today in the construction market a huge number of companies are building houses from sip panels. Of course, you can assemble the house yourself.

Let's consider phased implementation works. So, we are building a house from vulture panels with our own hands.

Preliminary work

At this stage, a project for the future home is drawn up. As a rule, suitable option choose from a variety standard projects and modify it on their own.

Or they turn to design organizations for help. A thoughtful layout will ensure quality and durability of the future home.

Then it is produced calculation required quantity material, purchase of high-quality tools (you will definitely need a screwdriver and a hacksaw). You will most likely have to resort to the help of a specialized organization.

Purchasing standard panels and then customizing them to fit your project is quite labor-intensive. Hence, It’s easier to contact a company that will manufacture and deliver the panels required parameters.

Construction of the foundation

Most Popular foundation types are:

• pile or pile-tape;
• monolithic slabs with shallow recess;
• columnar or columnar-ribbon;
• tape recess with plinth;
• tape deepening.

Installation of piles characterized by a relatively low installation speed, simplicity, efficiency and economy. Most experts consider piles the most acceptable basis for a panel house.

Screw pile is metal tube with a blade. The pile is screwed into the ground quite deeply, which eliminates deformation of the building.

Water supply, heating and electricity for the future home diluted to the construction of the foundation.

Waterproofing, piping, wall construction

On at this stage two layers of roofing material or bitumen are laid on top of the foundation, and then a strapping beam, pre-treated with an antiseptic. Then the starting boards are attached to the strapping beam with screws.

Next, the panels are laid, which will later serve as the floor. When joining, the grooves are treated with sealant and fixed with self-tapping screws. Ends also treated with sealant, covered with boards.

The sip panel is attached to the starting board. It should be mounted from the corners of the structure. The connection is simple, the groove is inserted into the ridge, the fasteners are reinforced with screws.

It is necessary to use a level so that protect the structure from distortions. Used for joints polyurethane foam. It is also worth doing with the ends of the sip panels before joining them to each other.

The construction industry is gaining momentum and improving every day. Thanks to these processes it is possible to minimal costs build a massive house of any number of floors. Moreover, such a building will have high quality. Besides high level You can evaluate the strength of SIP panels by watching the video in this article. In our article we will get acquainted with the advantages and disadvantages of such material, and how to build a house from vulture panels.

Main advantages of SIP panels

Do-it-yourself construction of houses from vulture panels is gaining momentum in popularity. Why is this happening? Sip panels have the following advantages compared to other materials:

Attention! Such unique features make it possible to make almost any type of building from Sip, from warehouses to country cottages.

The main disadvantages of buildings from Sip

In this section, we need to consider all the disadvantages of the material for building a house from vulture products without unforeseen problems:

• Sip buildings usually do not allow oxygen to pass through, so they trap air indoors. The problem can be solved by regularly airing the rooms.
• Construction work takes less than 7 days, during which the weather may change, so think about the drainage system in advance.
• The low level of fire resistance requires high-quality electrical wiring and fire alarms.
• In addition, the blind area should be made wider so that winter period Easily clear the path.

If you have already decided on the material, and this is Sip panels, then below we will look at how to build a house according to Canadian technology with your own hands.

Building a house with your own hands

The construction of buildings from such material includes some construction stages:

• Preparatory stage;
• Arrangement of floor covering;
• Installation of walls;
• Roof installation;
• Finishing work.

Let's look at each stage of work in more detail.

Preparatory work

Before you begin building a facility using SIP panels, you must perform the following series of actions:

• The first thing we do is draw up a project. For this you can use finished project or do it yourself: you can watch a video on how to do it below;
• To perform the work, you need to purchase a hacksaw and a screwdriver.
• To build such kind will do conventional type of foundation, such as a screw foundation.
• Next we carry out waterproofing. To do this, you can use a two-layer roofing felt.
• We lay down a layer of strapping timber that will serve as the base for the floor.

Setting up the floor

Now we can begin laying the subfloor. To do this you need to use panels. We lay them over the entire area of ​​the building, but before that we need to waterproof it. Either bitumen mastic or roofing felt will help us with this. Each groove should be treated with sealant - this is necessary for merging the panels.

Attention! In order to secure the parts more firmly, you can use self-tapping screws, and then lubricate all the ends with a special agent.

We mount the walls

Once the previous stages are completed, construction can begin frame house. To do this you should do the following:

• We install the frame horizontally along the entire perimeter of the building. Bottom harness must be performed in accordance with all existing standards.
• Next, we install corner panels from which the following SIP products are attached in different directions.
• In order to avoid distortions, it is necessary to use a building level.
• The upper samples of panel elements must be treated with sealant.
• Then we proceed to the upper trim.

Roof installation

With such a construction there is no need to create truss structure, since the structure can withstand heavy loads. Also, for this stage there is no need to additionally perform steam and waterproofing. You can watch the video of building a house from sip panels in more detail. In general, the process of installing a roof is carried out according to the same scheme as installing walls.

Finishing work

If the walls are made of Sip panels, then the building receives a large number of advantages over other types. Thus, they are characterized by smooth and flat surface. That is why finishing work is much easier than for other materials. To do this, you can use drywall, without installing the frame. You can also use clapboard, siding, tiles or stones. Join finishing products can be done using construction adhesive.

Attention! Flooring can be created using parquet, tiles, linoleum and other options.

By constructing a building from sip panels, you can achieve a very stable and reliable result. Plus, the price will pleasantly surprise you.

If you are looking for an opportunity to build warm home for little money, consider building a house from SIP panels. The cost of a two-story “box” of 10*10 meters without finishing is around 17-20 thousand dollars. In this case there is no need for additional insulation, you can move into the house immediately after construction (if communications are connected) and you can immediately begin finishing.

What is a SIP panel

The construction of houses from SIP panels began in the second half of the last century in Canada. The technology is simple, the construction of a building requires very little time (from two to three weeks, depending on the complexity of the project), it can only be cheaper, and even then not in all regions.

Houses are built from thermal insulation panels, which themselves have sufficient strength. On English These panels are called SIP, which is an abbreviation for the following name: StructuralInsulated Panel. This translates as “Structural Thermal Insulated Panel”. It turns out, in theory, in Russian, the name of this material should sound like KTP. In reality, regular transliteration is used (replacing English letters Cyrillic). As a result, the name “SIP panels” is in use.

This material consists of two, between which a layer of expanded polystyrene (foam) is laid. The result is a kind of sandwich (a construction “multi-layer sandwich”). Hence another name - sandwich panels.

When building a house, there are two types of assembly:

In our country, the first option is most popular. Wooden frame gives the structure additional strength. The load-bearing capacity of sandwich panels without a frame is more than enough for the construction of one or two-story private houses. But knowing that the house is built on solid timber is reassuring. This technology has one more advantage - maintainability. If there are problems, you can remove the damaged panel and replace it with a new one, which will demon frame technology impossible.

Advantages and disadvantages

Like any new technology for our country, building a house from SIP panels has its adherents and opponents. Opponents have the most important argument - the unnaturalness of the materials and the possibility of releasing harmful substances. Indeed, these boards consist of foam and OSB. Polystyrene foam is a common material and is only dangerous when it burns. OSB has also been on the market for a long time; it is made from pressed large shavings and wood chips. Resins containing formaldehyde are added as a binder. It is this binder that raises the most questions: formaldehyde is a strong poison and its presence in the atmosphere in large quantities causes poisoning.

Formaldehyde emissions must be controlled by the SES (sanitary and epidemiological station), and only safe building materials must be put on sale. So if you are planning to build a house from SIP panels, carefully choose the manufacturer - the quality of the material depends on his integrity. Panels assembled using German OSB from Egger are recognized as the highest quality and safest. Their formaldehyde emissions are E1 (safe).

Extract from GOST R 56309-2014 (date of introduction 2015-07-01): “Depending on the content (emission) of formaldehyde, the boards are manufactured in emission classes E0.5, E1 and E2.”

At the same time, they easily tolerate high humidity, do not absorb water and are not deformed.

SIP panel Egger E1 2800x625x174 (Romania) — best option for walls. Height - 2800 mm, thickness of expanded polystyrene - 150 mm. If you prefer “standard” ceilings with a height of 2.5 meters, then you should purchase Egger E1 2500x1250x174

German Glunz Agepan panels are also good, but few people use them. If we talk about Russian manufacturers, then you should pay attention to the products of the Kalevala company. Only safe and high-quality materials are used in production:

1. OSB-3 Kalevala Russia emission class E1;
2. Glue – TOP-UR (Russia);
3. Expanded polystyrene – PSBS – 25C Knauf (Russia).

Speaking about the advantages of construction from SIP panels, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the technology has been thoroughly developed. Panels are produced for different elements houses: external walls, partitions, interfloor ceilings etc.

Why do people build houses from SIP panels? Because such a house has solid advantages:

• Light weight, which allows you to save on the foundation. Pile or construction is ideal for this type of building.
• Low heat loss, low heating costs. Expanded polystyrene is an excellent insulation material, and it is sandwiched on both sides OSB sheets. This is what makes a house made of sandwich panels very warm.
• Low cost per square meter.
• Short construction time. box two-story house can be collected in a month.
• No shrinkage. There may be settlement at the foundation. The structure made from SIP panels has no settlement.
• Finishing work can begin immediately after the box is assembled.

In general, it is this set of properties that makes people choose a house made from SIP panels. Build like houses permanent residence, and summer cottages for seasonal visits. So, with a limited budget, building a house from SIP panels can be a very good solution.

How to build it yourself

There are two ways to build a house from SIP panels with your own hands:

• Buy a house kit for a specific project from a company that deals with this, and assemble it yourself. Not all companies agree to this, but many have a supervising installation service. This is when a company specialist supervises your installation.
• Buy slabs. Cut them to the required sizes, purchase timber, do it all yourself. In this case, all responsibility for the quality of construction will fall on you. If you have carpentry skills or have someone to help you with, you can choose this option.

Briefly about what a house kit is. This is a set of ready-made SIP panels, wooden beams of the required size and fasteners for the construction of a specific house. All components are cut at the factory and numbered. When assembling, you use the resulting blocks in a certain order. The process is reminiscent of building a house from a children's construction set, only you are assembling a real house.

Building a house from SIP panels when ordering a house kit is like playing construction kit

A house kit is good if everything is done accurately. This is not only about the quality of SIP panels (it must be checked separately), but also about the use dry wood (kiln drying), and about cutting accuracy. The edges of the panels must precisely “grab” the beam, the two panels must be joined with an expansion gap of about 3 mm - all this is achieved using precision equipment.

Reference. The dilation gap is required distance, which is left between building materials subject to expansion (dilatation). If the house is being built in a region with a humid climate (for example, Leningrad region), then it is imperative to leave an expansion gap, otherwise the OSB will swell. In dry climates, there is no need for a gap between OSB.

Construction stages: photo report

Construction of a house from SIP panels, like any other, begins with the selection and construction of a foundation. A pile foundation is considered optimal for a lightweight house. This is exactly what is done in most cases when starting the construction of a house using SIP technology. Sometimes it is impossible to install a pile foundation:

• on hard soils that are too expensive to drill (rocks);
• on unstable soils with low bearing capacity (peat bogs);
• in the presence of cavities in the rock mass.

In these cases, they do or (more often USHP - an insulated Swedish stove). They are much more expensive, but more reliable.

Once the foundation has been selected and calculated, its construction can begin.

Making a pile foundation

Since the foundation is from screw piles is done most often, we will illustrate its production. Piles are screwed into the ground manually (if the soil and strength allow) or using special equipment. The height of the heads is 80 cm above ground level, the distance between the piles is no more than 2.5 meters.

The heads are welded to the installed piles, and the strapping beam is attached to them (in in this example 200*200 mm).

Important! The joints of the timber must be located on the heads. When laying the strapping beam, do not forget to lubricate the locks before joining protective composition(bitumen mastic).

There is no support under the joint - you can’t do that!

To protect against rotting and insects, the strapping beams are impregnated with a protective compound. Roofing material was laid in two layers under the timber (on the heads).

This stage takes from 3-4 days to a week. It depends on the complexity of the soil, whether you work with the equipment or turn it yourself. Now you can start laying the floor slabs, but before that you should familiarize yourself with the methods of connecting them.

How to connect SIP panels: basic principle

When connecting panels, a wooden dowel (beam) or a thermal key (a piece of SIP panel of smaller thickness) is inserted between them. As mentioned above, in our country the technology using a frame is more popular, i.e. Dry timber is used as a key. It is this option that we will focus on.

The beam is inserted into the groove and fixed using self-tapping screws and/or nails, which are twisted/hammered through the OSB into the body of the beam. Subject to availability nail gun, initially we recommend grabbing the panels with “yellow” wood screws 40-50 mm long, and then punching out the joints rough nails 50-65 mm long in increments of 10-15 cm.

The following can be used to fasten SIP panels: “yellow” wood screws, galvanized screw nails, galvanized rough nails. Do not use “black” hardened screws - they break off and quickly corrode

There is always a risk that the connection will be leaky, and the entire construction technology of SIP panels is based on the thermos effect, that is, on maximum tightness. Therefore, before assembling this unit (and any other) on lateral surface polyurethane foam is applied to the panel. It fills all the cracks, providing the proper level of heat and moisture insulation.

Pay attention! The picture above shows a dowel made from double timber. Often such recommendations are perceived incorrectly, and in order to save money, unplaned wood is purchased. edged board 50x150x6000 mm natural humidity. Once the board dries, the joint is unlikely to remain sealed.

When making a composite wooden dowel 100*150, in our opinion, it is preferable to use three dry bars with a cross-section of 50*100 mm - in this case the connections overlap (see video below).

If we are talking about wall panels, then it makes sense to insert and secure the dowels in advance.

The foam was applied, the beam was inserted, and secured with self-tapping screws. Foam was applied to the side edge of the second slab, the groove was placed under the protruding part of the beam, an expansion gap of 3 mm was set, and secured with self-tapping screws. The foam that came out of the seams during the installation process is cut off after polymerization.

This technique, with minor modifications, is repeated in any connection of SIP panels. The diagram of this node is presented above.

After cutting the slabs, it becomes necessary to remove polystyrene foam to the required depth. For these purposes, an electric thermal knife (cutter) for foam plastic is used. They happen various designs, but the thermal knife must be equipped with a limiter. Only in this case will you be able to remove polystyrene foam exactly to the required depth. “Overdoing” can lead to the appearance of cold bridges at the junction of the panels.

You can make the cutter yourself, but at the same time Do not forget about safety precautions when working with electric current.

First overlap

The first floor is nothing more than a floor that does not require insulation. As melted, it is assembled from SIP panels with a thickness of 224 mm and a width of 625 mm. With this width of slabs wooden beams located in increments of about 60 cm, which is enough to withstand the load.

If you have slabs with a width of 1250 mm, then they need to be sawn lengthwise into two equal parts.

When installing the ceiling, the panels should be laid like bricks in masonry - with the seams mismatching (staggered). This is necessary to ensure that the seams do not warp when humidity increases.

These are the pieces that floor blocks should be cut into when using 1250 mm wide slabs

To protect the bottom OSB board from moisture, each of the boards is coated on one side with the same bitumen mastic. You can use other compositions with similar properties.

Assembly of SIP floor panels for the first floor

When connecting the slabs, a mounting beam is laid between them (diagram in the previous paragraph). The beam is attached at the edges to the frame (with long nails), and the edges of the slabs are attached to it using self-tapping screws.

We close the side sections of the slabs (all floors) with an edged board suitable size. We apply foam to the side surface of the slab using a snake, then we place a board and fasten it through the OSB with self-tapping screws into the end of the board.

A starting (crown) board is laid on top of the sandwich along the perimeter, on which the SIP wall panels will rest. It is laid around the perimeter and in those places where partitions will be installed.

The crown boards are fastened with nails/screws, but to be sure, they were secured through and through with studs to the pile heads. Holes were drilled for the studs. A pin is driven into them and tightened with bolts.

Walling

We continue the construction of a house from SIP panels: we are installing the walls of the first floor. For this work, it is advisable to have two assistants, then the process will go faster and easier.

We place the first panel so that it “fits” onto the crown board

Wall installation begins from one of the corners. When installing, the panel is “slipped” onto the installed starting board with a recess at the bottom (first apply a layer of foam to the board or the end of the sandwich). The panel is placed, aligned vertically, attached to the starting board on both sides with self-tapping screws in increments of 10-15 cm.

On the side surface installed slab foam is applied, another plate is set at an angle of 90°. An embedded board (end block) is pre-attached to its side part, the thickness of which is equal to the depth of the groove. Like the first one, this panel is attached to the strapping starting board.

In addition, we fasten the corner using long self-tapping screws.

As a rule, self-tapping screws with a length of 220 to 280 mm are used

The length of the self-tapping screw must be such that it passes through the slab and the entire thickness of the embedded board. The installation step of this fastener is 40-50 cm.

In window and doorways, for more reliable fastening, you can install metal perforated reinforced corners. The element is optional, but adds rigidity and inspires confidence.

External walls and partitions are immediately erected

The installation of partitions from SIP panels follows the same principle: we attach a crown board and partition blocks to it. They can be the same thickness as for external walls, but thinner ones can be used. The decrease in sound insulation properties is compensated by the interior decoration.

To save money, partitions can be made using frame technology. Then initially only the frame can be installed, and its covering can be transferred to a later period. It is more convenient to do this when the roof is already installed.

In a house, frame partitions can be made from SIP panels

Interfloor overlap

For installing floor slabs into grooves wall panels Boards are installed on foam and self-tapping screws. They create a harness for installing the ceiling.

Next we lay the floor slabs. If the partitions are assembled from SIP panels, they bearing capacity quite high and additional measures no reinforcement required. If the partitions were assembled using frame technology, we make the upper beams reinforced: they are assembled from three boards glued together. For greater strength, the beams can also be fastened on both sides with self-tapping screws.

Floor slabs made of SIP panels are laid on the finished frame. They should be no more than 625 mm wide and should be laid staggered (with the seams mismatched). Since the panels are narrow, there is a lot of wooden beams in the ceiling. Due to this, such a floor can withstand loads in places where there are no floor beams.

We fasten the laid slabs to the framing beam with self-tapping screws or nails. The edges of the OSB are at the top and bottom to each intermediate beam. After securing the installation of the ceiling, we close the open side sections along the perimeter of the building according to the same principle: foam + edged board. For greater rigidity, in those places where the floor beams pass, we fasten the floor panels with long self-tapping screws (220 mm) all the way through.

This stage after assembling the first floor does not seem difficult. Everything is the same, only the work is at height, tightening the sandwich panels takes longer and is more difficult than installing them.

Second floor walls

The second floor in this project is , so the wall panels are low. We also install partitions at the same time as the external walls. Before installing the roof, an embedded beam is installed in the upper open groove; roofing SIP panels will be attached to it.

Standard panels will have to be cut to fit the gables, since the shape is non-standard. The installation and connection of the wall panels themselves on the second floor is no different.

Roof made of SIP panels

Special sandwich panels are used for the roof. Under them, the ends of the slabs are cut at a certain angle, which is determined by the angle of inclination of the roof slope. Here, just as when laying the floor, you can get by with a minimum of beams, because each connection has its own beam. That's why rafter system are not collected.

For a roof made of SIP panels, beams need a minimum

Skate decoration

The roof of a small to medium sized house is made of SIP panels and usually has a central ridge beam. Here two planes of the roof converge. This node can be designed in two ways (in the pictures below). The first one is symmetrical. The sandwich panels are cut at an angle, and the top of the ridge beam is cut at the same angle. Two planes are fastened with long self-tapping screws through the panel to the beam on both sides. The fastener installation step is 30-40 cm.

IN this method There is no usual beam between the two slabs; they are connected only by foam. After the foam has polymerized, the excess is cut off, the seam is treated with a waterproof sealant, after which a protective strip - made of metal, plastic, etc. - is put on the ridge. - depends on the type of roofing chosen.

There is another way to join roofing SIP panels on the ridge. The second method does not require cutting the slabs at an angle, but one part of the panels must be longer (by the thickness of the roofing slab). The beam is still cut at an angle, the slabs are joined at right angles, and fastened through and through with long self-tapping screws to the beam.

This connection uses embedded end bars. They are installed as usual - using mounting foam and self-tapping screws. To block the access of moisture to the under-roof space, the junction of the two panels is also additionally coated with a waterproof sealant.

There is an option to install a roof from SIP panels without a central beam. There are roofing options with two load-bearing beams, which are located off-center. These can be either specially laid floor beams, or partitions assembled from SIP panels or using frame technology. In the second case, it is better to strengthen the beams (make them prefabricated with glue and nails).

The most difficult thing in this unit is to cut the embedded beams at the right angle. This can be done on the ground, which greatly simplifies the task. The panels are fastened through the slab with long self-tapping screws to the floor beams or mortgages in the partitions. Also, two planes are fastened together at the junction point - on opposite sides with long self-tapping screws.

Roof and wall panel connections

For laying SIP roofing slabs, wall slabs are cut at the required angle. Interior OSB is obtained higher than the external one. The foam plastic is “cut” at the same angle, and the edges of the embedded beam are trimmed. It is this part that is the most difficult if you did not buy a house kit, but are building a house from SIP panels using standard panels, cutting them to the required dimensions with your own hands.

How to connect wall and roof SIP panels

If you have the appropriate equipment, cutting them at an angle is not a problem. Problem cut between OSB boards foam to the desired depth. You can select the core using a thermal knife, and then remove the residue cleanly mechanically. Most likely, the cut will still not be smooth, so you will have to add more foam to fill the unevenness.

In the pictures, the roof overhang is also made of slabs with insulation. This is easier to implement, but it is an unreasonable expense. To save money, the length of the SIP panel is taken up to the intersection with the walls, and then only the beam goes (as in the photo). In this case, the beam is made composite: one part is longer by the amount of the overhang, the second is shorter and ends where the wall ends.

Features of joining roofing slabs

The connection of two roofing slabs occurs in the same way as others: timber, foam, self-tapping screws. But since precipitation is possible here, it is advisable to seal all seams.

To improve the tightness, all seams on the roof are additionally coated with a waterproof sealant. Cuts first hardened foam in a plane with the roof, then sealant is applied. After filing the overhangs, we can consider that the construction of a house made of SIP panels is completed. Install windows/doors, connect communications and the home is already suitable for habitation. Finishing can be done immediately after installing the box.

Mice and other troubles

To save our readers from unnecessary headaches, we decided to talk about the mistakes made during the construction of one residential building. First of all, the material is intended for those who hire contractors for construction. However, it will also be useful for those who build a house on their own.

The facility was built according to the program " Country house", and local would-be builders acted as the contractor. Unfortunately, the future residents did not pay due attention to the quality of the work. The result is natural - a large number of significant “jambs”.

Brief information about the house:

• Commissioning date: 2008
• Number of floors: 2
• Foundation type: strip
• Technology: frameless
• Panel sizes: 2740x1220x224 (floors), 2740x1220x174 (walls), 2740x1220x145 (dowel for connecting wall panels)

Problems appeared quite quickly and were associated with the most important part of any structure - the foundation. Strip foundation was filled with low quality concrete, this led to the fact that when moisture entered, it began to crumble.

In extreme cold (below -30°C), another “jamb” was identified - part of the plastic floor plinth in the kitchen.

It was decided to remove the bottom panels vinyl siding, remove cold bridges in the places where the wall slabs adjoin the ceiling of the first floor and sheathe the foundation with corrugated sheets to look like stone.

After dismantling the lower siding panels, signs of field mice appeared.

During construction, the ends of the floor were not covered with boards. Pieces of plywood are installed, with large distances between them. Also note that the roofing felt does not start from the timber, but from the floor level

A brief explanation of roofing felt. At the time the house was built, vapor-permeable membranes had not been heard of in a particular locality. The contractor was going to lay on the walls plastic film. The customer opposed this, and as a result, roofing felt was used.

It is clearly visible that the mice did not waste any time...

As a result, the owner of the house had to mitigate the consequences using his modest construction experience.

Related errors:

• The lower part of the first floor ceiling has not been treated with bitumen mastic.
• SIP panels with a width of 1220 mm were laid on the floors of the first and second floors (they had to be cut in half lengthwise).
• Raw wood was used.
• The panel for making thermal keys is thinner than the polystyrene foam layer.
• The corners of the house are not tightened with long screws.
• Self-tapping screws are exclusively black.

There were other mistakes, but we do not talk about them, as they do not directly relate to the technology of constructing SIP houses.

Alas, the case discussed above is not the most severe - the fatal option is discussed in the video below.

The conclusion is very simple: you should not blindly trust the customer. All stages of construction must be supervised personally, or seek help knowledgeable person from the outside.

If the construction is carried out by contractors, then the quality of their work can be assessed already at the stage of acceptance of the first floor slab.

- not only a material with very high heat retention rates, durable, strong, but also a high-quality, convenient building structure, which allows you to literally complete the construction of a structure within a few days on a prepared foundation. At the same time, the assembly of houses can be carried out without the use of special equipment, manually, with the help of just a few people.

To build houses from SIP panels, a foundation must be equipped. Since the design is quite lightweight, the following are most often used:

• columnar foundation;
• strip structure made of reinforced concrete;
• pile screw foundation.

The latter option is the most profitable, since it is ideal for building houses on any soil and guarantees the absence of problems with soil heaving when freezing. Pile foundations are created very quickly when applied special equipment, but can also be mounted manually.

House construction techniques

We will assume that the assembly of houses from SIP panels is carried out according to a pre-developed construction project, supplied with instructions. The structures are supplied in finished form, required sizes, with door and window openings. This is the most common option chosen by thrifty owners. In this case, there are no time delays, the pairing of SIP wall elements with each other is guaranteed.

If the owner of a future home made from SIP panels prefers to act completely independently, according to project documentation The necessary elements are being prepared. “Live” assembly, when after installing one element the preparation of the next one just begins, practically does not occur.

Start of construction

The beginning of the construction of houses from SIP constructs is the assembly of the base located on the foundation. Usually it is a structure made of timber. Assembly is carried out in several stages:

• the perimeter of the future house is formed;
• intermediate crossbars are installed and secured (in the longitudinal direction), which rest on the racks or pillars of the foundation.

We will assume that the construction technology involves assembling the floor of the first floor from SIP panels. This not only speeds up the work, but also avoids overuse of timber. This approach has its drawbacks, but is used quite often.

First floor flooring

Instructions for assembling the first floor floor from SIP panels are as follows:

• The first SIP panel is laid in the transverse direction, along the short dimension of the foundation. The size of the element is selected so that when placed at the end of the strapping board, the overall dimensions correspond to the foundation;
• You can connect the panels to each other using the tongue and groove system. Today it is possible to assemble a floor up to 6 meters along the length of the panel, however, there are also solutions with increased strength that allow a size of 15 meters;
• if the assembly must guarantee maximum strength, it is worth laying an intermediate connecting beam or board between the SIP panels;
• After laying the surface, a binding board is installed around the perimeter of the finished floor, which increases strength.

All connections are foamed during assembly. The panels are connected to each other with self-tapping screws, the lower surface of the floor of houses made of SIP structures is waterproofed using bitumen mastic. If intermediate boards or timber were used, they are also attached with self-tapping screws to the strapping board. It’s very simple; in practice, all the work is done in a few hours.

Assembling the walls of the first floor

The main thing where the instructions for installing SIP panels on the first floor of houses begins is the installation of a guide, a 100 mm beam. It is screwed to the foundation, anchor bolts, right through the floor structures where the walls will be placed.

This work must be carried out with the utmost care to ensure that even with errors in cutting wall elements, the general direction of the SIP panels will be respected. The correct installation of the timber is checked according to the instructions for the project and using templates.

Assembly is carried out in the following order:

• The corner of the first floor is being assembled. First, one SIP panel is installed. Securely fixed to the guide bar. The installation accuracy is constantly checked;
• a second SIP panel is mounted at a right angle. The connection with the first one is thoroughly foamed. The accuracy of the angle must be ideal - it will set the direction and be responsible for the accuracy of placement of the remaining SIP structures;
• assembly of house walls - installation of subsequent SIP panels - is carried out using a tongue-and-groove system. The elements are attached to the guide beam and connected to each other with self-tapping screws.

The technology for assembling the first floor from SIP panels is also simple. More control and care will be required, but the work is not difficult. When connecting SIP elements of a house wall at indirect angles, either the instructions for the project or the laid guide beam will help determine the direction and actual dimensions of each structure.

The assembly of the first floor is completed by foaming the perimeter along the top and installing the trim board panels into the technological groove. It gives additional strength to the entire structure of SIP elements and will work as a place for attaching the upper structures.

Second and subsequent floors

The technology for assembling the second floor is no different from the first. The floor is laid, and the SIP structures are attached with long self-tapping screws to the strapping board located at the end of the walls of the first floor. If you follow these instructions, the ceiling will work as a means of ensuring the strength of the entire structure, connecting all the walls together.

Roof

If the roof is assembled from SIP panels, it will not need rafters and other structural elements that are designed to provide strength. In practice, a support beam is laid - a mauerlat, located along the perimeter of the future roof. It is screwed to the top floor trim board.

The installation technology also does not involve any special difficulties:

• The gables are being assembled. The process is similar to installing the first SIP panel on the first floor - everything needs to be done carefully, the element is attached to the power plate;
• a supporting ridge beam is installed between the two gables at the top;
• SIP panels are laid on the mauerlat and ridge beam and bolted to them.

The technology for assembling the roof surface is similar to creating the floor of the first floor. Although SIP panels have sufficient strength, it is recommended to use a connecting board when creating a roof to ensure good rigidity and high resistance to wind gusts.

Conclusion

It was not possible to find anything complicated in the technology of assembling a house from SIP constructs. The technique is simple and requires only accuracy and attentiveness. All connections must be foamed; after assembly, all gaps between SIP panels larger than 3 mm are coated with waterproof polymer glue, which guarantees high performance of the structure.

Assembly internal partitions from SIP panels of smaller thickness is also not difficult and is made according to the instructions for walls - using a guide beam, controlling the installation at a precise angle, and also carefully foaming all connections. The instructions do not provide for the use of a connecting board between individual SIP elements. The strength of the tongue-and-groove system is more than enough for interior partitions.