In private housing construction, a concrete staircase becomes the main type of access to front door with a high base, on upper floors. Compliance with design and manufacturing requirements will ensure safety in use, strength and durability of the structure.
Monolithic concrete stairs have considerable weight. Floors and walls bear additional load on the staircase structural elements until the concrete polymerizes. As a result, the concrete staircase turns into one of the structural rigidity elements of the building. An ascent angle steeper than 45 0 is impractical. 30 0 is accepted as optimal. If the climb is too steep, it will be difficult, and the descent from the stairs will become dangerous.
Requirements for the size of steps and treads:
- Depth – 27–30 cm;
- Height – 15–20 cm;
- Width – 1–1.2 m.
The staircase elements are monolithic with the floors and adjacent wall during the construction process. Release of reinforcement and embedded elements from floors and load-bearing wall planned at the project stage. Street stairs the lower part rests on the foundation.
For a two-flight staircase, you will have to build an intermediate platform with stationary intermediate supports.
Monolithic connections will strengthen the structure of the house
Formwork assembly and reinforcement
The next step in construction is the construction of formwork. Concrete stairs require a strong frame for pouring. The base is made of moisture-resistant plywood with reinforcement at the bottom with boards to prevent the formwork from deflecting.
Vertical supports are installed with support on shoes to prevent shifting. The racks are made from boards 50–60 mm thick coniferous species. On the wall side, the base rests on metal brackets. The side board is attached to reinforced corners to provide rigidity to the structure.
Before pouring concrete, care should be taken to eliminate leaks of cement laitance and adhesion of the concrete mixture to the formwork. The joints and joint gaps are sealed with sealant. The surface of the formwork is treated with compounds that prevent sticking.
As one of the means, the formwork is covered with polyethylene film with tension. This will lead to a reduction in the subsequent finishing of the stairs. Reducing the cost and reducing the amount of finishing work is laid down at the stage of preparatory work.
When pouring concrete concrete stairs do not experience serious dynamic loads. Therefore, it is advisable to assemble the formwork using self-tapping screws. The screed will leave fewer gaps between the parts; after dismantling, the structural elements can be reused.
The basis for the strength of a concrete staircase is at least a double reinforcement mesh. Steel period and fiberglass ø 12–14 mm are used. Grid pitch 100–200 mm. The lattice is fastened with knitting wire or tightened with plastic clamps. Vertical bars at the edges will replace the upturned ends of the excess length crossbars. A distance between the gratings of 5–10 cm will provide sufficient bending resistance.
A clear example of reinforcement and hardening
Plastic supports under the lower part of the lattice hold the structure above the formwork. Holes are drilled in the wall into which crossbars are inserted to prevent the reinforced frame from shifting. The ends of the formwork reinforcement are not allowed to touch.
Reinforcement of each flight of stairs is carried out separately, but before pouring the part metal frame tied together by overlapping and adding rods. The frame is connected with special care to the reinforcement outlets from the floor slabs.
The assembly of the monolithic staircase formwork is completed by installing at the level of dividing risers, which determine the depth of the step. Fastening to the wall and board is carried out with reinforced corners or vertical bars.
We are waiting for concrete
Difficulties with concrete
We refuse to buy ready-made ones. We purchase crushed granite stone of 15–30 mm fraction. If it is not planned to finish the stairs with other materials, add marble chips. Large is required river sand. Quarry is not suitable - clay inclusions will reduce the strength. Cement grade 400 will do.
Mixing proportion:
- Cement – 1;
- Sand – 1.3;
- Crushed stone – 2.6.
The monolithic staircase will be reinforced with polypropylene fiber in the concrete mixture. The fibers are evenly distributed in the solution. Concrete acquires remarkable qualities:
- No shrinkage is felt;
- Internal stresses are smoothed out;
- Strengthening the product;
Adding plasticizers will speed up the setting of concrete. The concrete staircase formwork is filled from below in 2-3 steps with a gradual rise upward. Preliminary compaction of the mass is carried out by bayoneting.
Tamping does not give the same result that we can achieve using an electric vibrator. Vibration results in an even distribution of gravel filling. Air bubbles in the thickness of the concrete and shells in areas adjacent to the formwork will disappear. Manual compaction will reduce the strength of the product by 10–12%
Vibration causes the mass to slide along the concrete stairs. The steps are filled without pouring cement laitance under the edge of the riser formwork. Filling the cavity signals the transition to the next level. Avoid underfilling the formwork.
Filling proceeds without stopping, regardless of the amount of work. A delay of 2 hours will lead to layering of the monolith. The planned strength is lost. The joint is comparable to a crack running the entire depth of the stairs. The embedded elements for fastening the balusters are installed into the filled steps according to the template.
After 1–1.5 hours, as the concrete sets, the steps of the stairs are smoothed with a float or trowel. It is recommended to trim the mass along the formwork and blunt the right angles to avoid chipping.
Bringing beauty
Decoration and finishing
The concrete staircase was built with our own hands. We waited until the ladder under the shelter gained the necessary strength. There is room for imagination. Ceramic tile, natural wood and imitations, carpet - available materials finishing is not with honor.
What if you surprise yourself and your family with the beauty of concrete? There will be more work, but the rough concrete staircase will turn into a work of art. Want to try? We'll have to go back to kneading and pouring. Adding pigments to a concrete mixer will turn the gray mass into a colored one.
Buying white or light cement will allow you to diversify your palette in addition to rich colors pastel colors. The steps will turn from faceless attacks into decoration. But the work of polishing the steps of the concrete stairs will be added.
Imprinted into unhardened upper layer treads, fragments of multi-colored glass, flat stones, even shavings after metalworking with ordered pretentious ornaments or the chaos of inconsistency in the arrangement of waste decorative elements will hit.
Self-deception or desire for traditionalism?
Below is an example of how a staircase made of ordinary ready-mixed concrete without finishing already attracts attention. Enterprises willingly accept orders for the production of concrete products. You hand over a sketch on a piece of paper, and you get an improved version of the idea.
The developer's gain is obvious:
- No cracks or internal stresses in the product after the steaming chamber;
- Reduced labor intensity - installation and embedding take several hours;
- Time saving - no need to wait for concrete to polymerize;
- No chipping guarantee;
- Does not require processing.
It is uneconomical to do this with your own hands.
Concrete stairs without wet processes
And this is possible. In a home where there is mostly wood around, moisture evaporation is the enemy. We order the frame modular or welded. And we cast the steps in a multi-seat mold ourselves in the garage or at the dacha.
The only peculiarity of such an amateur activity is that the front side will be at the bottom. Patterns and ornaments will appear upside down. But there will be no restrictions on imagination in any form.
The photo below shows a composition on a concrete surface made of broken bottle glass. The battle was poured into the mold, leveled and poured cement mixture. The fine chintz pattern is colorful and it wouldn’t hurt to dilute it with several solid bottle bottoms for a logical completion of the composition.
The industry cannot do this, only a craftsman
The thickness of homemade and purchased tread after processing does not exceed 50 mm. The weight is small, so the frame can be lightened. There is no need to prepare a powerful one. Installation does not require the use of lifting devices and powerful fasteners.
Lightweight format for lifting into the attic
Brief summary
Street and interfloor concrete stairs are similar in manufacturing technology. There would be a desire free time the required amount of money. Design features screw and curved were not considered due to the fact that each configuration needs to be devoted to a separate article, and not several general words.
Video
Stair frame
Concrete staircase (rough = two flights + platform) with formwork made from forest residues.
Of all the architectural structures that are found in construction two-story houses, one of the difficult ones is the stairs. Firstly, it should be noted that this element of the room must be highly reliable, meet certain standards for its safe operation, be beautiful and comfortable. Secondly, the most complex of all the proposed structures is the concrete staircase to the second floor. It would be easier to install wood or metal.
Why is this option better than others? Let's start with the fact that concrete tolerates intensive use better than all other materials. Such a staircase does not creak and does not dry out over time. It is possible to implement the most original and non-standard options using concrete mortar.
These can be classic flights of stairs, screw structures or any other composite variations. A wide variety of finishes can be used. Plus, it is a monolithic structure.
As mentioned above, models staircase structures a lot. Anyone who decides to build this architectural element with their own hands must understand that complex stairs require experience in carrying out this type of work. This is especially true for formwork. It will be very difficult to assemble it exactly according to the shape and geometry of the structure.
Therefore, beginners are recommended to make single-flight stairs to the second floor. But when you master this option, and the end result fully meets the operating requirements, you can move on to more complex designs. For example, to double-flight, screw, and so on.
Photo gallery
Construction stages
Pouring a concrete staircase to the second floor is divided into several stages. Each of them has special requirements.
Calculation
There are certain standards for flights of stairs, determined by SNiPs:
- minimum march width 90 cm;
- height of steps 17 cm;
- step width is 30 cm, this size ensures comfortable climbing the stairs;
- the angle of inclination of the structure itself is 30º, with non-standard solutions, for example, to reduce the size of an architectural element - 45º;
- the height of the staircase itself is determined based on all layers (thermal, waterproofing, finishing) on the first and second floors.
There are certain standard ratios of step sizes. In this case, it is believed that the two heights of the step plus its width should vary from 60 to 64 cm.
Concrete stairs are a very heavy structure. Even a small one will weigh at least 1.5 tons. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the weight of the structure and build a reliable foundation for it. The calculation here is as follows: the entire structure in the form of a monolith must create a pressure of 1 kg/cm².
The best option is to pour a 10 cm thick concrete screed onto well-compacted soil. If the weight of the structure exceeds 2.5 tons, then it is recommended to pour a separate foundation under it.
This is the most difficult operation in the entire process. To construct the formwork you need:
- boards 30 mm thick or moisture-resistant plywood 20 mm;
- timber 100×100 mm;
- plywood 9 mm thick to create curved surfaces.
If the concrete staircase going to the second floor rests on one of the walls, then this simplifies the assembly process itself. To do this, the contours of the future structure are drawn on the wall exactly according to the dimensions planned by the project and calculations. Beams are installed along them, which are attached to the wall with dowels. The strength of the fastener is very important here, so you can’t skimp on it.
Exactly the same contour is assembled from the wall to the width of the span, which is installed on racks made of timber. After which the two contours are connected along the lower planes with plywood or boards. Next, the contours themselves are connected to each other from above by crossbars made of wooden slats. That is, a rigid structure is assembled without cracks or gaps. Some craftsmen install additional racks under stepped spans, thereby increasing the strength of the wooden structure.
There is a simplified version of formwork construction. To do this, it is necessary to cut stringers from the boards, one of which is attached to the wall, the second is installed on racks. Here it is important to install both elements exactly in the same plane. The bottom of the stringers is lined with plywood.
Stringers are elements of a staircase (also load-bearing) in the form of a comb, if you look at them from the side. The shape of the stringer determines the shape of the steps of the staircase.
Laying the frame
Any concrete structure, including stairs, must meet certain requirements for the strength of the concrete being poured. Therefore, a metal grid must be installed in its monolith, which will serve as a reinforced frame. It is made from reinforcement with a diameter of 8-12 mm.
There are two ways to lay the frame:
- for the entire span;
- in sections, fastening the gratings together with binding wire.
The first option is a little more complicated in that installing the grille is simply inconvenient. You will have to involve several assistants. If a staircase to the second floor is being built from several flights, then only the second option is used. To increase the strength of the structure, you can install double grille: one along the lower edges of the stringers, the second along the steps.
Before pouring the stairs to the second floor, it is necessary to form the steps. To do this, strictly in size, it is necessary to install crossbars from boards 30 mm thick, which will represent the sidewalls that determine the height of the step.
Everything is ready, you can pour the concrete solution. For stairs, concrete grade M150 is most often used, which contains cement, crushed stone and sand. The ratio of components may be as follows.
| Cement brand | Mass composition: cement-sand-crushed stone (kg) |
| M400 | 1:3,6:5,8 |
| M500 | 1:4,5:6,7 |
As in the manufacture of all concrete structures, the stairs must be compacted after pouring the mortar. Since the process is carried out at home and with your own hands, you can simply pierce it using a trowel.
Maintenance of the structure after installation
In this condition, the semi-finished staircase should last seven days. After which you can remove the formwork.
Hydration
If the room temperature is high enough (for example, pouring is done in the summer), then it is recommended concrete structure Water periodically with water. In some cases, it is even covered with burlap or plastic film.
The thing is that the moisture inside the concrete solution plays a very important role. It is this that creates the necessary strength of the concrete itself during the evaporation process. But it should evaporate slowly.
Grinding
After removing the formwork, you need to grind the surfaces using a sander. But there is no need to rush with this operation. To test, try sanding a small area hidden from view. If the crushed stone turns out during the grinding process, this indicates that the concrete has not yet dried well. That is, it did not gain the necessary hardness and strength.
But the flight of stairs can only be loaded after 28 days. It was after this period concrete mixture will gain its brand strength.
If your dream is a monolithic staircase, start work by developing a detailed drawing that will allow you to determine the number of steps, their width and height.
The following step sizes are considered optimal:
- width – 25–30 centimeters,
- height - 15–17 centimeters.
All steps must have the same dimensions.
If you decide to make a curved monolithic staircase, then in the narrowest part of the step its width should not be less than 12 centimeters (otherwise there will be a high probability of tripping, falling and getting injured during its operation).
When making a drawing, also pay attention to its width. A staircase already 80 centimeters long will be inconvenient both for climbing it and for carrying furniture or a stretcher with a person lying on it. The most convenient width is considered to be 1 meter.
Also, do not forget about intermediate platforms. It is advisable to do them every 12–15 steps so that the person climbing can rest a little. If the configuration of the opening does not allow making an intermediate platform where the stairs turn, you can create winder steps there.
Stair reinforcement
A do-it-yourself monolithic staircase must be made of high-strength concrete with mandatory mesh reinforcement of its lower part (on which all steps are located). For the mesh, you can take reinforcing bars with a diameter of 10–12 mm and arrange them in increments of 15 cm. The bars should be tied together with wire.
If the staircase is large in height and width, then it is better to lay the reinforcing mesh in two layers, between which leave a space of two centimeters in height.
The ends of the horizontal reinforcing bars should be driven into the wall.
Formwork
The lower (flat) part of the formwork should be made of thick, moisture-resistant laminated plywood, supported from below with boards five centimeters thick. The pitch of the supports usually corresponds to the size of the step. Boards should be laid between the plywood and the vertical supports to strengthen the entire structure.
On the side, the edge of the stairs is also limited by plywood, which will not allow the concrete to leave its intended place. The edging is additionally reinforced by longitudinally laid boards (with outside formwork), since the plywood itself cannot withstand the pressure of concrete without deformation (but it ultimately gives flat surface side and bottom of the stairs).
Reinforcing mesh must be laid on top of the lower part of the plywood formwork, securing them in such a way that they are raised above the plywood by about 2 cm. Such a gap will create a protective layer of concrete above the reinforcement, which will prevent its damage and oxidation.
To create risers (vertical parts of the step), boards (5 cm thick) are also installed, which are attached to the wall on one side with the help of metal corners, and to the plywood flange on the other.
The bottom step of the ladder should be secured by strengthening it with a horizontal stop made of boards.
Pouring concrete
Concrete for a monolithic staircase should be ordered from RBU (prepare this volume of concrete High Quality doing it yourself in a small concrete mixer is problematic, since by the time you make the next batch, the previously poured concrete will have already set).
Pouring concrete is done as follows:
- First, the two or three lower steps of the staircase are poured. Be sure to compact the poured concrete by piercing it with a piece of reinforcement to remove the air remaining in its thickness and fill all the space between the formwork and reinforcing mesh. The concrete squeezed out during this procedure from the lower steps should be transferred to the upper steps.
- Having formed the lower steps, proceed to filling the steps above.
- Do not forget to level the surfaces of the steps as they are finally filled and the concrete sets.
Removing formwork
Removing formwork from a monolithic staircase should be done in several stages:
- After about 5–7 days, the step formwork and flanging should be removed (then the steps should be sanded using grinding disc on concrete to give them a flat, smooth surface);
- after 14–21 days, you can remove the vertical supports and remove the lower plywood formwork.
If you plan to further rely on the newly created monolithic staircase to support the formwork above the floor, you will have to first wait for the concrete to gain full strength (this will happen no earlier than 28 days from the moment the stairs are poured). In this case, you should not rush, since it will be almost impossible to repair the damage caused by the excessive weight of the formwork and concrete.
A concrete staircase can not only fulfill its straight functional responsibilities, but also to become excellent design solution for your home.
The presence of a staircase in a house can be not only functional, but also stylish, since in itself it is excellent element decor. But a staircase made with your own hands gives the owner a reason to brag about his skills and will become a source of pride for the home. In addition, it should be noted that installing it yourself does not require as much effort as it might seem at first glance.
How to make a concrete staircase
Concrete stairs are one of the most reliable and more durable design, unlike their wooden brothers.
Types of concrete stairs
Concrete stairs are divided into two types:
1. Monolithic. This type of concrete stairs is installed in almost all places, for example, in basements, on streets or for porches.
2. Combined. The same type of concrete stairs implies complex design made of metal, which simultaneously serves as a frame for attaching concrete steps. The casting of the steps themselves occurs using formwork with reinforcing mesh. To make the steps themselves, concrete, crushed granite and marble chips are used. After the concrete mixture has dried, it should be polished.
How to make calculation measurements correctly
To make the work easier, you can use your own sketch of the future staircase, which may also come in handy in the future. Like any repair work, this process should also be divided into stages:
1. Calculation of formwork.Initially, you should determine the position of the ladder - it can be located on the ground, adjacent to a wall, connecting two opposite walls, etc. After all, the further calculation and construction of the staircase, and the formwork as a whole, depend on these moments.
2. When calculating a staircase, the number and size of its steps are taken into account. The recommended step height should be from 16 to 20 cm, and the width should be more than 27 cm. If you end up with more than 14 steps, then it is recommended to make two flights.
You should also take into account the residents of the house, since it is difficult for elderly people to climb high steps, and small children running around the house may accidentally trip and injure themselves.
3. When designing a staircase, you need to take into account that its angle should vary from 25 to 45 degrees, because the higher the angle of inclination, the more difficult it is to climb such a staircase.
4. The width of the staircase itself should not exceed 80-90 cm. Although, if the concrete staircase is part of the interior of a private house or summer cottage, then the width is chosen according to the taste of the owner of the house.
5. When choosing materials for constructing formwork, it is necessary to take into account the entire weight of the structure: 1 sq. A meter of concrete 20 cm thick weighs on average about 500 kg. And the weight of a whole march with a drop (height 2.5 meters, length 4 m) 1 m wide is approximately 2.5 tons.
6. To prepare a concrete solution you will need: 0 cement PC-400 (1 l), sand (2 l), crushed stone (4 l), water (0.6 l), plasticizer (S-3) (10 ml).
7. To obtain a high-quality concrete solution, it is better to use a concrete mixer, and use a special electric vibrator for compaction. After all, the strength of the support subsequently depends on the quality of the solution produced.
8. The poured surface is covered with plastic film to prevent drying out. The formwork is removed no earlier than after 3-4 weeks, while the concrete has strengthened by at least 80%.
It is important to remember that when calculating all the initial data, you need to take into account factors such as thickness flooring and the floor itself.
The design of the formwork is the very first stage of preparing a concrete staircase. To assemble it correctly, certain materials will initially be required: waterproof plywood (about 20 mm in section), construction timber(section 100x100ml).
For formwork intended for monolithic concrete stairs, the following materials are needed:
A piece of timber that will fasten the formwork elements to each other and the walls;
Also, for connecting steps, which will prevent the sheets from stretching when pouring concrete mortar;
Formwork elements together with winder steps. If the length of the foot is 1 m, then the boards must be at least 30 mm thick, and a length of 1.2 m requires a thickness of at least 40 mm.
End formwork. It can take the form of plywood sheets, or a template with pre-prepared dimensions can be used. The boards used for this formwork are selected to be approximately 30 mm in size.
I would like to draw your attention to the fact that formwork elements are often secured using wood screws (diameter 3.5), since they are easier to remove than nails during dismantling work.
Technologies used in the production of concrete stairs
Such a thing as formwork serves as the basis for the high-quality operation of a concrete staircase, and its main criterion is that there should be no gaps or cracks in it. For the formwork frame, waterproof plywood is used, which prevents the concrete solution from leaking. Plywood is used in combination with boards that fit tightly together.
Before the resulting frame is filled with concrete mortar, a reinforcement cage is inserted there. The entire flight of stairs is framed by steel rods, which are firmly connected by cross braces.
To strengthen the front steps of stairs, transverse reinforcement is used, which prevents them from crumbling and cracks. Before pouring concrete directly, you need to leave wooden plugs or metal embedded plates, to which the staircase railings will later be attached.
The surface of the poured solution is leveled before it cools down. special tools to make it easier to sand in the future.
You can move up the stairs only after the concrete solution has completely dried.
Staircase cladding – final stage everyone repair work. It is carried out no earlier than after 3-4 weeks, subject to drying at room temperature. The formwork frame is removed, and the embedded parts themselves and the surface of the steps are processed using a grinding machine.
It is designed for perfect leveling of surfaces. For cladding concrete stairs, you can use materials such as ceramic tile, tree, natural stones or porcelain stoneware.
To date modern market offers a wide range of repair materials stair railings– welded, prefabricated, aluminum, combined.
The positive aspects of concrete stairs
When developing the layout of a future home, you need to take into account that a concrete staircase, unlike wooden structures, is laid immediately on site, it cannot be transported. But, despite this, it has a number of undeniable advantages:
1. The operation of such a ladder can be carried out at any repair stages (in whatever form it is).
2. When developing the design of the staircase structure, you can add various hidden cabinets and niches into it, which will significantly save space and help get rid of unnecessary things.
3. The financial costs of building a concrete staircase with your own hands are only the cost of materials. And the cost, in turn, depends on the quality of the selected sources. Moreover, when independent work work time intervals are easily calculated.
4. Concrete, as a material, itself is very moisture resistant and is also not susceptible to fire.
5. The concrete staircase serves as additional support for the entire building.
6. Concrete stairs are very resistant to external mechanical damage, which allows them to be used more intensively.
1. It is important to remember that when concreting flights of stairs, it happens in one step and the process itself begins from the bottom up.
2. To avoid “mobility” of the concrete solution, it is recommended to add crushed stone with a particle size of 10-20 mm.
3. When choosing a brand of concrete for the stairs, you need it to be at least B15.
4. Interesting fact: If heavy concrete If you do not compact it by 1%, its strength will decrease by 5-7%. That is why such a nuance as compaction can significantly affect the quality of a concrete staircase. This is exactly what an electric vibrator is used for.
5. Pouring cement mortar preceded by the formation of a reinforced staircase frame. Its main function is to strengthen the internal strength of all structures.
If you have any questions on this topic, ask them to the experts and readers of our project.
For the construction of concrete staircase structures you can use different technologies, a lot of stairs have been erected using each of them: monolithic, combined, prefabricated and type-set. But when general merits of reinforced concrete products, only monolithic ones have the most complex configuration and any dimensions that do not contradict the standards.
From left to right: monolithic structure, structure with metal frame elements, serial factory flights, stacked steps
The MONOLITHICSTAIRS company offers its customers exactly this technology. Moreover, we were the first to use a self-supporting welded frame in the production of our structures, which increased the quality of our products many times over. We invite all our potential customers to familiarize themselves with the 4 stages technological process to ensure its thoroughness and reliability.
Only monolithic technology the device of stairs allows you to create structures of such complex geometry
Being the most durable of all, a monolithic staircase can have more than a fantastic appearance1. Calculation of concrete stairs and drafting
Technology monolithic stairs involves careful calculation of all structural elements. This is due not only to the need to determine the size of the structure, but also to ensure the comfort and safety of its use.Straight U-shaped stairs Straight L-shaped stairs Straight winder U-shaped stairs Semi-spiral staircases Main, facade stairs Atypical stairs
Important Features are:
- Climbing angle. It determines what the length of the stairs will be. Having same height, the one with the least slope will be longer. And this entails the use of more materials for its construction.
- Step size. Having decided on the length, calculate the dimensions of the steps. Their optimal height (H) is 16-20 cm, and width (L) is 27-30 cm. These parameters correspond to the physiological capabilities of a person making ascent and descent. The formula that the dimensions must meet is 2H + L = 60-64 cm.
- Stair width. It provides convenient movement and also allows you to carry large items and furniture. It is not recommended to build ramps narrower than 0.9 m.
2. Assembling formwork for concrete stairs
When the project is ready, the installation of the stairs begins; the technology involves the construction of high-quality formwork. It will serve as a kind of form for pouring concrete. For its production use:- Boards (usually 3 cm thick), covered with film, or waterproof plywood with a thickness of 18 mm or more.
- Beam 100x100 mm.
- Reinforcement and binding wire.
- Self-tapping screws.
The base of the formwork is the so-called central shield, and the shields for the steps are already attached to it
Boards or plywood are knocked down using the staircase drawing from the project. To make the formwork as strong as possible, use supports at the bottom and sides. Next, it involves laying reinforcement inside the resulting frame. In those places where the railings will be installed, wooden plugs are secured. 3. Pouring concrete stairs
Having built reliable formwork, you can continue making stairs; the technology requires further pouring quality concrete. The grade should be no lower than B15, and in order to make it not too mobile (protection from leakage), crushed stone is added to the composition in fractions of 10-20 mm. Concreting begins from the lower steps, and one flight is completed at a time. To strengthen concrete, it is necessary to compact it, best with an electric construction vibrator. But this must be done carefully so as not to touch the reinforcement. To prevent excessively rapid drying, cover the poured solution with plastic film. You can see the filling process in the video: The formwork is removed when the concrete has acquired at least 80% of its strength, i.e. no earlier than 3-4 weeks. With this staircase technology, it can be lined with any material. Moreover monolithic base ensures no squeaking even with wooden finishes.4. Finishing concrete stairs
When constructing a concrete staircase, a variety of design and finishing technologies can be used. The choice of option should depend not only on the preferences of the future owners, but also on the style and decor of the environment monolithic design. You can use:- Tree.
- A natural stone.
- Porcelain tiles.
- Laminate.
- Carpet.
- Clinker tiles, etc.
