Options for fixing a hole in the wall from professionals. How can you fill holes in a concrete wall? How to cover deep holes in the wall

Concrete is a strong, wear-resistant and solid building material. However, over time it is subject to various deformations (cracks, chips, holes, cracks). There are many reasons that influence the formation of defects - from the rearrangement of furniture and sockets to the shrinkage of the building. The process of filling holes in your own hands is not difficult, but you must follow the right technology and the sequence of defect elimination, as well as take into account the nature and size of the gap.

Reasons for the formation of defects

Concrete, like other building materials, has a degree of wear and service life. The quality of a building material is determined by such parameters as the composition of the material, proportions of components, type of aggregate, vibration, weather conditions, etc. In addition to low-grade material, the formation of holes and openings in a concrete wall is caused by many factors:

Uneven shrinkage of the structure and vibration. Occurs due to incorrect distribution of load on the walls of the building or improper installation foundation. Subsequently, gaps and cracks form in the wall. When significant deformations of the structure occur, collapses of ceilings and walls occur, so first the root causes are eliminated - the supports and foundation are strengthened and issues with shrinkage and vibration load are resolved. Only after this work is done to seal the holes.
Impact of natural conditions. Temperature changes, active solar radiation, and strong winds negatively affect the condition of concrete masonry. External seams, staircases and the upper floors of the building are primarily affected.
Drying out of the concrete solution over time leads to the appearance of holes and cracks. Reinforced concrete structures are characterized by through cracks and gaps.
Repair work. Moving sockets and switches, laying pipes, rearranging kitchen furniture, attaching cabinets, chandeliers, plumbing, air conditioning leads to the formation various kinds designs.

Tools and materials for restoration

Before starting work, it is necessary to determine the scale of restoration and prepare necessary tools. Concrete covering restored using the following means:

cement;
sand;
ready concrete mortar;
fragments of bricks, stones, rags;
gypsum;
primer;
antifungal agents for walls;
putty.

Necessary tools for repairing most defects:

vacuum cleaner to remove dust;
eye protection glasses;
sandpaper for cleaning the surface;
brushes of different diameters;
narrow and wide spatula;
dowels;
knife, screwdriver.

Depending on the size of the hole, the amount of materials and the set of tools changes.

Step-by-step instructions for filling small holes

After removing a nail or screw from a wall or moving a shelf or cabinet, small holes are formed. You can cope with sealing such a hole using putty or concrete mortar and several tools. The sequence of work for the restoration of minor defects includes the following activities:

widening the hole with a screwdriver, knife or nail for more deep penetration mixtures;
cleaning the hole with a vacuum cleaner or brush from dust and small debris;
spraying with water to moisturize;
priming the surface with a sponge or spray gun for better adhesion and less consumption of putty material;
after the primer has dried, putty is applied and the surface is leveled;
cleaning the surface with sandpaper after drying.

Fixing large gaps

Holes of significant size are a consequence of dismantling work (moving electrical sockets, switches). To seal such holes you will need a primer mixture, cement or gypsum mortar, crushed stones or crushed bricks, finishing putty, spatulas, and sandpaper.

Work to eliminate defects includes 5 stages:

Cleaning the gap from debris and dust. Use a vacuum cleaner or brush.
Treating the problem area with a primer mixture.
Filling the hole with crushed stone or fragments of brick mixed with cement (gypsum) mortar. This will strengthen the problem area and reduce the consumption of putty material. The resulting mixture is compacted well to avoid the appearance of voids. Cement mortar is prepared from 3 parts sand and 1 part cement with the addition of water. Ready-made compounds for concrete walls, tile adhesive or building gypsum. The mixtures are diluted according to the attached instructions to the consistency of thick cream.
After the patch has dried, putty work begins. If necessary, the remaining voids and cracks are filled. The putty dries within 10-12 hours.
Finally dried out area leveled with sandpaper or a grinder to the level of the main wall.

The mixture may fall out of large holes after drying. To restore the integrity of the surface, the main part of the pothole is laid with bricks on a concrete mortar. The hole is pre-expanded. Further restoration work is carried out according to the given scheme.

Correct timely assessment of the size of the defect and selection of the right materials will make it easy to handle the restoration on your own.

Eliminating Through Holes

Often, through cracks and holes appear in concrete structures after the transfer of communications and plumbing. The technology for filling a through gap is to alternately cover the hole with plywood or boards on both sides. First, filler is placed into the hole, after which concrete or gypsum mortar is applied.

If access to one side of the hole is closed, installation is carried out according to the following instructions:

the area is expanded, excess debris, dirt and dust are removed;
the opening is moistened;
primer is applied;
a support point for the filler is created using either self-tapping screws (4-5 holes for dowels are drilled in the concrete wall along the edges or self-tapping screws are screwed in);
after installing the fastener, the empty areas are filled with filler (stones, foam plastic, crushed bricks or cloth soaked in the solution) and filled with the prepared mixture;
the dried area is puttied;
After hardening, the putty is rubbed with a fine-grained mesh or sandpaper to the level of the wall.

When using rags as filler, you need to saturate them with the solution. After this, the entire fabric is tightly placed in the hole and filled with a solution with the addition of small pebbles (this way the filler will be better compacted).

The concrete mixture is easily prepared with your own hands from cement and sand in a ratio of 1:3. Water is added until the solution reaches the consistency of thick sour cream. Ready-made mixtures are also diluted with water until a homogeneous mass is obtained. The technique for filling such holes is shown for both wet rooms and dry ones.

Repairing a breach with foam

Large holes, cracks and potholes in a concrete wall are sealed polyurethane foam:

The problem area is deepened and cleared of dirt and dust.
The area is moistened with a sprayer for better adhesion of the foam to the surface.
Before spraying, shake the foam canister and apply the product from bottom to top. The foam increases in volume, so the area is not filled to its full depth.
After drying, excess foam is cut off sharp knife slightly deeper than the wall level.
The required area is leveled with the solution until it hardens completely.
The patch is puttied and sanded after drying.

The foam has a high ability to penetrate into the most inaccessible and small areas. In 24-48 hours it fills the desired area, after which the excess is removed.

For repair work with potholes in rooms with low air temperatures, frost-resistant polyurethane foam is used. Restoration of deep seams, cracks and interpanel discrepancies requires the presence of a special device - a foam gun, which will provide better quality and ease of work.

The sequence of sealing seams with foam is no different from eliminating holes. Deep cracks and gaps are foamed in layers. After one layer has completely dried, the next one is applied. When working with polyurethane foam, you must be careful, as it sticks tightly to clothing and the body.

Elimination of other defects

In addition to holes and gaps, cracks, joint cracks and chips form in concrete walls. Repair work to eliminate cracks in joints is slightly different from filling holes:

The gap is widened along the entire length by 1 cm with a grinder, the edges are aligned.
The crack is cleaned with a sharp object to remove any remaining dirt and dust.
For better adhesion, it is wetted twice with a primer mixture. The second layer is applied after the first has dried.
The crack is sealed with a solution, and after hardening it is sanded using sandpaper.

If gaps occur at the point where the concrete meets the brick, a construction mesh is used. The cavity is filled with a mixture; a steel mesh is placed on top. After drying, the remaining area is filled with a cement solution with the addition of lime.

In addition, waterproof mixtures of concrete and paint are used to fill cracks. Cement is poured into a container with paint and mixed until a thick mixture is formed.

Small cracks are lubricated with a mixture of wood glue and powdered chalk, brought to a creamy consistency. The resulting mass is applied to the cracked area, the excess is removed.

Small holes after laying cables and small-diameter pipes are covered with silicone, large cracks are foamed.

Plaster peelings and chips are cleaned, treated with special antifungal agents (if necessary), primed and plastered in several layers. Each layer is completely dry before applying the next one. This sequence of application will protect the surface from further cracking. The final step is to clean the area with sandpaper or a sander. Cracks are repaired immediately after detection, as they grow rapidly.

The time and method of eliminating defects in concrete structures are closely related to the size of the hole, opening or crack. Minor damage is covered with a ready-made putty mixture. Large holes require following step-by-step restoration instructions. All problem areas are pre-prepared, cleaned, plastered and then sanded.

If the technology and algorithm of actions for repairing the gap are followed, the solution reliably fixes the patch, keeping it from cracking and peeling. Guided by restoration schemes various types damage, even an inexperienced person can easily repair a hole in concrete with his own hands.

Today we will learn how and what to use to repair a hole in the wall and ceiling. When doing renovations, you will certainly be faced with the task of preparing perfectly smooth walls for wallpapering or painting. The path is not fast and involves many construction operations.

How to repair a hole in a concrete wall

First, let's look at how to repair a hole in a concrete wall. Let's come closer to our wall and take a look at it:

Scary, nothing to say. When you completely remove the wallpaper and remove all the excess, this is what it will look like. Everything must be removed down to the concrete. White spots on the wall may remain if these are pieces of stubborn old putty or glue that have already grown together with the concrete and cannot be intensively cleaned.

After some time, you saw that somewhere the foam did not fit well (or a piece of foam fell out); in another place an unfixed chip in the wall about 1-2 cm deep was discovered; Plus, in 2 or 3 places it would be nice to fill up small potholes. Just imagine that to solve such a seemingly simple task, you will again need foam, plaster and putty.

But you threw out the rest of the dry mixes, and the polyurethane foam ran out. At the same time, no one in the store will sell you 0.5 kg of putty, 0.5 kg of plaster and 2 “sprays” of foam. This means you need to buy everything new, in large quantities, spending a lot of money.

Someone will say: oh, why did I throw away the remains of the plaster ahead of time, they would be so useful to me now. But there's nothing you can do, you need to go to the store. And then, the worst thing is, having bought more than you need again, you throw the rest in the trash. And this happens quite often.

Some manage to store materials, as they say, until next repair. However, you need to remember that all materials have an expiration date: usually it is 6 months, a year, two, and then they must be thrown away. What to do in this situation? It turns out there is a way out!

If you look in stores, there is a so-called putty putty. In some cases, it can replace conventional putty, and in others, plaster. I worked with putty on polyurethane foam. She looks like this:

A distinctive feature of this material is that the thickness of the sealed layer can reach up to 10 cm! Yes, yes, not mm, but cm! Putty putty is sold ready-made, has good adhesion, is environmentally friendly, and does not crack even with a large thickness of the seal.

If you take putty over polyurethane foam, it is also moisture resistant and has protection against fungi and mold. Designed for finishing both interior and exterior spaces. Here is an example of when this putty can be used. As I said earlier, the part of the wall that was not foamed adjacent to the ceiling:

Putty will come in handy here. For work it is better to take a rubber spatula. The material must first be mixed well:

The foamed joint between the glass unit and the wall can also be perfectly sealed with putty:

In general, you leveled the walls and filled up the holes. Don't be lazy, go around and look around again. And if it suddenly turns out that there are places for sealing, then do not rush to buy huge bags of dry mixtures for preparing solutions from them. Just remember about the wonderful putty putty.

How to repair a hole in drywall on a wall

Let's consider two options for solving the problem, when the hole is small and large.

How to seal a small hole

If the hole in the drywall is small - up to 5 mm in diameter, then plaster or putty is not required for this:

You can seal such a hole with acrylic sealant. The sealant should be acrylic, not silicone. After all, acrylic sealant is easy to paint, but silicone sealant is not. So, we take the gun and begin to carefully fill our hole with acrylic:

Spread the excess that has come out with a spatula:

If the acrylic has rubbed inside, take the gun and push it further into the hole until it comes out. And then carefully spread it with a spatula again.

The hole is sealed. The next day, when the sealant has dried, all that remains is to lightly sand it with zero-grit sandpaper:

How to seal a large hole

If the damage is more extensive:

then sealant is not enough. For these purposes you will need putty. But first you need to remove the chamfer:

and trim off any excess paper that may peel off later. To do this you will need a blade or knife, you can even use a stationery knife. So, the chamfer was removed, the protruding paper was trimmed:

After this you need to prime the hole. We take a brush, a primer and carefully prime it so that the primer gets both inside and outside:

When the primer has dried, take the gypsum adhesive mixture and carefully fill the hole with it:

You need to score properly, don’t rush:

After the mixture has dried:

sand it with sandpaper:

Then we take a knife and in this area we draw a rectangle of about 10 cm by 15 cm with the tip of the knife, cutting only through the paper so that the damage is in the middle of the rectangle:

and remove the paper:

Moreover, the paper must be removed carefully, completely, down to the plaster, so that there are no paper scraps left in the rectangle area.

After removing the paper, we prime our surface:

When the primer has dried, glue a piece of serpyanka (plaster mesh) cut to its size into our rectangle:

After that, we apply putty to this area and begin to putty:

Once the putty dries, all that remains is to lightly sand the area to be repaired with sandpaper.

This is where the article ends. Today we discussed in detail how and with what to repair a hole in the wall and ceiling on a concrete and plasterboard base.

Over time, holes or cracks may appear in any walls. The occurrence of such defects is considered commonplace. Very often they can appear during the installation and repair of heating systems, air conditioners, as a result of rearranging furniture and much more. When preparing surfaces for further finishing, it is necessary to beat off old and unnecessary plaster, so chipped fragments are possible that will need to be restored. In addition, cracks sooner or later appear on any concrete during operation.

You can come up with many ways to disguise damaged areas: cover it with a painting, cover it with wallpaper, and much more. But this will not solve the problem itself - the hole will remain. In order to repair defects in the wall, you do not need the help of craftsmen; everyone can do all this on their own.

Causes of cracks in the wall

The occurrence of cracks can not only ruin appearance premises, but also become a serious problem for the functioning of the entire building. One of the most common causes of defects is uneven shrinkage of the structure. This often happens due to improper distribution of the load on the walls or poor soil compaction during the construction stage. If the structure is severely sloped, then the cracks should be repaired only after the causes of such shrinkage have been eliminated and its base has been strengthened. With strong displacements, there is a threat of collapse of walls and ceilings.

The cause of cracks may be climatic conditions: sudden temperature changes, exposure sun rays or wind. Particularly at risk are the joints between internal and external walls on the most upper floors buildings and staircases.

Cracks are eliminated by introducing cement mortar into the open cavity.

Concrete dries out over time, so various defects may appear on it. They can occur both on the facades of the building and inside. Through holes appear most often in reinforced concrete buildings.

Damage restoration methods

There are several ways to repair damage to a wall. The method and scale of repair depends entirely on the size of the defect. If holes remain after removing unnecessary nails or screws, then it will be enough to use putty or other cement-containing material.

For deep and large cracks, more serious measures are required. Such holes often appear after replacement heating systems or electrical wires and sockets. Typically, cement or repair plaster must be used to repair serious defects.

Required Tools

The specifics of the work on restoring concrete walls depend on the scale of the problem, but the set of tools you will need is almost the same for all cases. To clean surfaces, you need to stock up on a dry brush or a household vacuum cleaner. When filling cracks with polyurethane foam, it is necessary to prepare a knife to cut off excess material.

In order to fill a hole with putty or cement mortar, you will need narrow and wide spatulas. They are convenient for covering problem areas. In case of major damage, as well as to provide strength, reinforcing tape will be required. It is covered with a cement composition and becomes a full-fledged component of the wall, which will protect it from repeated destruction.

Don't forget about the final stage of wall restoration. To grout the surface, prepare fine-grained sandpaper.

Before caulking the hole, it is necessary to widen it using a long screwdriver so that the repair mixture penetrates as deeply as possible. Afterwards it should be cleaned of cement dust. This can be done using a vacuum cleaner or any dry brush.

Preparation

The entire surface is thoroughly moistened with water using a spray bottle or a foam sponge. Do not neglect this work on preparing the hole. Wetting will prevent the putty mixture from quickly releasing water to the concrete wall.

Applying putty

Next, you should put a layer of gauze fabric and glue it to the damp surface. After a few minutes, you need to start puttingty on the defective area. The solution is applied and thoroughly rubbed into the hole.

After the mixture has dried, everything is cleaned with sandpaper having a fine-grained surface. The final stage of filling holes is painting the area to be repaired or covering it with wallpaper.

Repair of serious damage

The initial stage of this work is generally similar to the preparatory stage of puttying small holes. First, the entire damaged wall surface is cleaned of stones, dust, sand and moistened with water. Instead of water, the surface is often treated with a sealant. The hole is then filled with bricks or stones, which are mixed with cement mortar. This design will save binding material and strengthen the area being repaired.

Work with concrete mixture

The concrete mixture is prepared in the following proportions: three parts of fine sand are added to 1 part of cement. Instead, a special repair mixture or gypsum is often used.

This material can be purchased at any hardware store. It is a dry cement powder that should be diluted with water and get to work. The composition is strong and dense in structure and allows large chips in a concrete wall to be repaired efficiently. You should wait until it sets with the concrete.

Surface treatment

After the restoration material to eliminate defects has hardened and dried, the entire surface is puttied and then rubbed with a spatula. The voids should be carefully covered and leveled. Everything must be left until completely dry. This usually takes up to 12 hours.

Afterwards, surface treatment of the walls is carried out. First, the areas to be restored are carefully sanded with sandpaper, then facing works: pasting or painting treated areas.

Sealing deep cracks in the wall

Very often, during the process of formation and shrinkage of a house, the seams between the panels may come apart or appear deep cracks. Restoring these damages will not cause serious problems.

The easiest way is to seal them with polyurethane foam. It comes in aerosol cans, which allow you to easily and quickly repair such defects. Foam perfectly fills empty spaces and penetrates deeply into the most inaccessible crevices. The material adheres perfectly to various surfaces, expands and hardens in a matter of minutes when interacting with air. When using polyurethane foam, guaranteed good result to eliminate deep holes and cracks.

Preparatory activities

Before starting restoration, it is imperative to prepare the surface on which further work will be carried out. The gap is cleared of debris, concrete fragments, dust and dirt. Then everything is wetted with water.

Foam application

Before applying the polyurethane foam, the container is thoroughly shaken for about a minute so that its contents become homogeneous. During operation, the container should be placed vertically and upside down. This is necessary because of the gas inside; it is lighter than foam, so it displaces it from the container.

It is recommended to fill cracks from the bottom up. If the damage is too deep and serious, polyurethane foam should be applied in layers, each of which is laid after the previous one has completely dried. This method allows you to qualitatively seal the open cavity and dry the material.

After filling the crack, the raw polyurethane foam should not be touched with your hands. Any touch can affect its structure and slow down the hardening process. You should be patient and wait until the material dries completely.

The final step will be to remove excess polyurethane foam using a regular knife. Then you should seal the surface with putty. Leveling is done with sandpaper.

There is no need to worry about the remaining hole or crack in the wall. Any defect, no matter how large it is, can be repaired simply and easily with my own hands without outside help.

The most an important condition To ensure a high-quality restoration is to strictly follow all recommendations.

tehno-beton.ru

how to seal it, how to plaster and putty?

A hole in a concrete wall is not as big a problem as it seems at first glance. It is possible to repair such a defect even if the hole is large. Moreover, for this work you do not need special tools or expensive materials, and the sealing itself can be done with your own hands.

Where do defects in concrete come from?

Before repairing a hole in a concrete wall, the master must understand the reasons for the appearance of such a defect. Otherwise, all the work done will have to be repeated again and again.

The most innocent of possible reasons- This is human intervention. Through channels are cut out in concrete walls to bring the pipeline from the air conditioner outside, blind recesses are drilled for fasteners for a bracket or sconce, and shafts are punched for supply and exhaust valves. Over time, the air conditioner, sconce or TV moves to another place, but the hole remains, along with the problem of how to repair the hole in the wall. But this problem can be solved simply - without any preliminary work.

Defects in concrete after using steel reinforcement

The intervention of nature is a more complex case. Temperature deformations of the soil and building materials lead to the appearance of cracks, chips and other defects covering the structure from the foundation to the roof. In this case, before repairing the holes in the concrete wall, the owner of the building will have to strengthen the foundation using solutions recommended by the architect and designer. Well, after completing the work to eliminate defects in the integrity of the wall, you will have to restore the thermal insulation and waterproofing of the load-bearing structures.

A slightly less complicated case is destruction “from old age,” when part of a reinforced concrete slab begins to crumble, exposing the reinforcement skeleton. After detecting such a defect, it is enough to simply repair the wall and cover it with waterproofing.

Materials and tools - what do we need?

Before fixing a hole in the wall, we need to prepare materials and tools. The following options can be used as a filler for a blind or through channel in a concrete wall or ceiling:

Polyurethane foam is an ideal material with high moisture resistance and heat resistance, but very low structural strength.
Cement-sand mixture, alabaster, plaster or putty - these materials have high structural strength, but they lack heat resistance and moisture resistance. In addition, the materials from this set are resistant to temperature deformation.
Mastic is an option with sufficient strength and high moisture resistance. In addition, mastic is not afraid of temperature deformation. However, not everyone will like the appearance of a wall covered with mastic.

In addition, before filling a hole in the wall using the fillers mentioned above, the master must prepare the following set of tools:

A hammer drill, a paint brush and a vacuum cleaner are useful for expanding and cleaning cracks.
A bucket and a construction mixer will be needed to prepare fillers from dry mixtures.
Spatula, trowel, sandpaper - necessary for adding and grouting viscous fillers.

A spatula is needed for final grouting.

Well, the process of adding filler itself depends on its dimensions and the depth of the excavation. Therefore, further in the text we will consider the technology for sealing both small and large defects in the walls.

How to seal a small hole?

With blind recesses on the inside we proceed as follows: we expand the defective area onto a cone with a hammer drill, and the base should be deep in the wall. We remove dust from the recess with a brush or pump it out with a vacuum cleaner. Mix the plaster or sand-cement mixture (3 to 1), obtaining a solution of medium humidity (slightly thinner than plasticine).

Before filling the hole in the wall, inject about a quarter liter of water into the channel. The walls must get wet, otherwise they will draw moisture from the plaster or cement, causing a crack to appear. We take a little mortar on a spatula and press it into the wall, moving the tool parallel. We continue this operation until the recess is completely filled. We glue a reinforcing mesh onto the damaged area (usually it is used to glue the joints of drywall sheets) and putty the wall using the same solution.

If the channel is located on the outside, then the elimination of this defect will proceed according to the following scheme: we expand the recess, removing loose concrete, and remove dust with a vacuum cleaner or brush. Mix the solution (one part sand to one part cement) and fill the recess with this mixture. We restore the layer of thermal insulation and install a waterproofing patch using hot mastic or tar. Very small defects (from dowels or similar) can be repaired with mounting foam without cleaning or moistening. After hardening, the foam is cut off and sealed with mastic or wallpaper.

We are closing a big gap - how to do it?

How to close a hole in the wall if the through hole is large? Of course, with the same concrete. In this case, we must simply fill the hole by arranging a cement-sand plug that fills the huge gap. Before you begin restoring the integrity of the wall, you will have to reinforce the future plug with a reinforcing frame. To do this, you need to remove pieces of loose concrete using a hammer drill and drill channels with a diameter of 10 millimeters in the side “edges” of the breach. It is desirable that they are on the same line.

After this, you fill the drilled points with cement (by a third) and drive reinforcing rods there. Tie the touching ends of the rods with wire (or weld). As a result, you get a reinforcing frame embedded in the wall. Moreover, if there is wall reinforcement left in the gap, then no drilling is needed - you can weld the reinforcing lattice directly to it.
Having finished with the reinforcement, you can begin building the formwork for the cork. To do this you need to take DSP sheets or OSB and fix them to the wall (inside and outside), covering almost the entire gap. The sheets can be fixed using dowels, strengthening them with oblique supports. Moreover, the shields should not completely cover the gap - the upper cut of the formwork should be located below the edge of the gap (8-10 centimeters).
After this, you can begin preparing the solution. And if you do not know the brand of concrete used in the construction of the wall, and you do not know how to cover the hole in the wall, then it is better to focus on the following proportions - 1 bucket of cement, 3 buckets of sand, 3 buckets of crushed stone. After thoroughly mixing this solution, pour it into the opening closed by the formwork through the gap left.
After 10-14 days, the formwork can be removed and plastered or puttyed with cement plug, leveling the wall. Moreover, before you plaster a hole in the wall, or rather a hole closed with a cork, you will have to brick an 8-centimeter gap in its upper part.

After completing the construction of a plug that has blocked a large hole in the wall, the area of the repaired defect is treated with mastic, onto which thermal insulation slabs are glued.

What to do with cracks - simple instructions

How to fill a hole in the wall if its width is equal to the thickness of a human hair? Yes, almost the same as any small defect. First, we take a hammer drill or wall chaser and widen the crack by inside walls by cutting a groove with rectangular walls. Remove dust and plaster residues with a vacuum cleaner. Secondly, we treat the groove obtained at the crack site with a primer that increases the adhesion of concrete. After applying the primer, it is better to wait 1-2 hours, after which we repeat the procedure, moistening the groove.

Cracks in concrete

Thirdly, we prepare sand- cement mortar from a dry mixture. Some craftsmen recommend using regular starting plaster, but such mixtures do not have the required safety margin. In particularly critical cases, reinforcing fiber can be added to the mixture to increase the strength of the solution. Fourthly, fill the groove with solution using a spatula. Finally, we glue fiberglass tape onto the sealed area and putty it flush with the wall. Moreover, before the finishing putty, the wall is left alone for a day, waiting for the surface layer of the sand-cement plug to harden.

Fifthly, the outside of the crack is coated with mastic, having previously expanded it with a perforator. As a last resort, you can use liquid solutions that increase the waterproofing properties of the wall. Not a bad option The aggregate can also be self-healing concrete. However, ordinary mastic will give good results at a minimal cost of consumables.

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How to repair large and through holes in a concrete wall?

Repair is a responsible and lengthy undertaking. Therefore, most people prefer to trust repairs to professionals. They will accurately calculate the cost of the material and take into account all possible nuances.

However, sometimes there are situations when calling a specialist is not at all necessary, because minor breakdowns can be repaired yourself without extra costs. To do this, you just need to know the exact instructions and follow them. Such minor everyday troubles include holes in the wall.

How to repair holes in a brick or concrete wall?

In order to independently repair the resulting holes in the wall, you must follow the step-by-step instructions:

Step 1. To ensure that the material with which you will cover the hole does not fall off after drying, you need to use a knife, nail or other sharp object to increase the diameter of the hole.
Step 2. Using a dry cloth, brush or vacuum cleaner, remove dust and remnants of old putty from the hole.
Step 3. Wipe the treated hole with a wet rag or piece of foam rubber to mortar held up better.
Step 4. Wait for the water to dry.
Step 5. Using putty, seal the hole in the wall.
Step 6. Wait for the mixture to dry.
Step 7. Using sandpaper, sand the surface to make it smooth.
Step 8 Cover the former hole with appropriate material: wallpaper, paint, decorative putty, etc.

That's all - the holes are as if they never happened!

Now let's turn your attention to the material that can be used to eliminate such holes.

Several factors influence the choice of material:

the size of the unwanted hole;
type of damage;
location of the damaged surface.

Ways to “patch” holes in the wall

Using putty

Putty is a universal, proven material for leveling various surfaces over the years. In this case, the nature of the surface itself and the material from which it is made are absolutely unimportant. Why? Yes, because there are many types of putty, each of them has its own properties and characteristics.

Types of putty:

cement– used for both interior and exterior work

Advantages:

Suitable for both indoor and outdoor use
very durable
high moisture resistance

Flaws:

impossibility of maintaining the desired texture when stripping.

plaster.

Advantages:

variety of subspecies: external and internal

Flaws:

can only be used for interior work
very poor moisture resistance

acrylic ready-mixes.

Advantages:

used only for finishing works

Flaws:

it is impossible to apply such putty in a thick layer to completely level the surface

In any case, the choice of putty depends on the degree of surface unevenness and the type of work.

If the unwanted hole is very small, only finishing putty will be enough.

If the hole is more impressive in size, proceed according to plan:

using a construction knife clean the hole from crumbled pieces of materials and align the edges of the unwanted hole;
place crumpled newspapers in the hole to save your time and material;
cover the hole with newspapers and plaster mixture;
if necessary or possible It is advisable to glue construction tape over the area of the hole;
then this place in the wall using a spatula the appropriate size is treated with putty;
the putty dries;
patch up the former hole sandpaper.

No type of putty is suitable for sealing through holes. Such a hole will not be sealed.

It is correct to apply putty not only to the damaged area in the wall, but also around it.

On average, the drying time for putty is 6 – 8 hours. Until the putty dries, further work cannot be carried out under any circumstances. The sealed surface must be checked for strength and the presence of cracks. If any have formed after drying, they need to be sealed.

Using polyurethane foam

This material is multifunctional. You cannot do without it either when installing windows and doors, or when sealing cracks and holes.

Types of polyurethane foam by composition:

one-component– immediately ready for use;
two-component– immediately before use requires mixing, special construction equipment (construction gun or mixer gun).

Advantages:

when leaving the cylinder, the volume of foam increases several times;
foam easily adheres to any surface;
high density;
high hardening speed.

Flaws:

Over time, the material may shrink.

You can safely use polyurethane foam if the hole in the wall or between walls is small but deep. No material will penetrate as deeply into the wall as foam will.

After the polyurethane foam has hardened, it will be necessary to cut off its excess with a construction knife, clean it with sandpaper and putty.

Using repair mixture

Advantages:

high ability to adhere to other surfaces;
frost resistance;
moisture-proof and vapor-tight;
durability;
strength;
does not change properties due to temperature changes;
is an antiseptic.

Types of repair mixtures:

mixtures for repairing vertical surfaces;
mixtures for repairing horizontal surfaces.

Various types of repair mixtures are usually used when filling large holes.

How to make an almost invisible hole?

In order to seal such a hole, you can use any of the above materials, depending on your capabilities and the expected result.

Before you start, you need to prepare the following materials and tools:

long nail or something similar - you need to increase the diameter of the hole in the wall so that the material with which you will seal the hole penetrates better into the base
vacuum cleaner– remove excess dust
brush and water– it is necessary to treat the hole with a damp brush to improve the quality of work
repair mortar– directly for filling a hole
spatula– for applying repair mortar
sandpaper– for final processing of the result

If the hole in the wall is large and deep enough, your efforts will be needed much more.

After standard cleaning of the hole from dust with a vacuum cleaner and a damp brush, you need to seriously consider the issue of choosing a material. Most often, specialists use several finishing materials at once - for starting and finishing work separately. For example, construction foam The top is covered with finishing putty.

If, after the finishing material has dried, cracks appear in it, they need to be covered up again.

If the hole is quite impressive in size, then you can place a piece of brick or other material in it, and then seal it with building mixture. This will significantly reduce the cost of finishing materials and save your time.

How to repair holes in drywall?

Drywall is a material intended for leveling walls. For its manufacture, fire-resistant gypsum and sheets of special cardboard are used.

Advantages of drywall:

Disadvantages of drywall:

fragility
high hygroscopicity
the inevitability of reducing the size of the room through the use of profiles and plasterboard sheets

As you can see, there are not many shortcomings, but sometimes unwanted holes still appear in this material. When filling holes in drywall, the properties of this material should be taken into account.

In order not to completely replace the sheet of drywall, you can seal the hole in it.

Ways to seal holes in drywall:

Method 1. You need to insert a piece of drywall or other similar material into the hole and secure it with screws from the outside
Method 2. Fix the patch with plaster and adhesive watering can, followed by putty

Tools needed to seal a hole in drywall:

spatula
drywall knife or hacksaw
drywall plane
drill

Step 1. Using a drywall knife, cut a rectangle from the hole in the drywall.
It is important that the drywall knife is sharp.
Step 2. Using a plane, cut the edges of the resulting rectangle at an angle of 45 degrees.
Step 3. We cut out the patch with a knife.
The patch must be the right size. To do this, the edges of the patch also need to be cut at a 45-degree angle using a plane. The thickness of the patch should match the thickness of the base sheet.
Step 4. Cover the edges of the rectangle with plaster and apply a patch.
Step 5. Additionally, secure the patch with adhesive tape around the perimeter.
Step 6. Let the solution dry thoroughly.
Step 7 Cover with starting putty and then finishing putty.

In any case, it is necessary to act depending on the size of the hole, its location and the characteristics of the material. And do this work Absolutely everyone can do it!

poznaibeton.ru

Professional finishers know very well how to repair a hole in a concrete wall.

It’s another matter when such a question arises before a person who is far from construction and repair.

Multi-storey buildings today are built from brick and reinforced concrete.

These are reliable and durable buildings. Without disputing this thesis, one small feature should be noted.

In order to attach a shelf or carpet to the wall, you have to use a hammer drill or impact drill.

It is difficult to make a hole in a concrete wall using other methods.

And if in the future there is a need to repair the hole, then you have to use another tool and materials.

Why do holes appear in walls?

Checking in new apartment, residents have to spend a lot of effort to arrange their living space.

Cabinets, shelves, lamps and other household items must be secured to the walls. Expensive “plasma” is mounted on a concrete wall using a reliable bracket.

And for each fastening you need to drill a hole - a hole in the wall is simply necessary. Some new residents punch holes in the walls “just in case.”

Increasingly, this is done when installing a dedicated line for the Internet. This approach can be understood and explained.

Holes and openings in the walls remain after moving electrical sockets and switches to another location.

Tools and materials

Most often, holes in the wall are repaired during routine repairs. If the lamp is moved to another place, then you need to remove the bracket that is attached to the wall.

After which there will be relatively little remaining in the concrete. big hole. Such a hole can simply be covered with putty. Level this area with a spatula.

After the composition has hardened, clean the resulting stain with sandpaper and cover it with wallpaper or paint over it.

In the case when a large fragment of concrete falls off at the junction of the walls, it will not be possible to eliminate the resulting defect using this method.

This requires other techniques and additional materials.

To carry out the work you will need the following tools and materials:

spatula;
sandpaper;
household vacuum cleaner;
polyurethane foam;
brush or piece of foam rubber.

To this list it is necessary to add putty and other finishing materials. To seal through holes and large chips, you can use cement-sand mortar.

Comprehensive instructions on what proportions to dilute the mixture are given on the packaging.

Hole sealing technology

When starting repairs, it is necessary to assess the amount of work ahead. You can seal a small cavity that has formed on a concrete wall without much effort and preliminary preparation.

It's another matter when the hole has a large area. If you rush and do all the work in a hurry, then after a short period of time all these efforts can go to waste.

A piece of plaster will simply fall off. In this case, it is necessary to follow certain rules and sequence of actions. There is nothing special about this procedure.

You can easily handle such repairs yourself.

Filling a large hole in a concrete wall

In order to reliably seal a large hole, you need to ensure high-quality adhesion between the wall and the repair mortar. The first step is to clean the hole from any dust that has settled in it.

It is more convenient to do this with a vacuum cleaner. Inner surface The holes must be well moistened.

The moisture content of the surface should be the same as the moisture content of the solution used to seal the hole.

In this case, the wall will not “pull” moisture from the solution, resulting in the formation of a monolithic connection. When the hole is more than five centimeters in diameter, it should be filled.

You can use a piece of brick or concrete as a rubble.

The gaps between the rubble and the wall just need to be covered with mortar. After the solution has thoroughly “set”, the surface of the patch must be carefully puttied.

In this case, the repaired area is leveled flush with the wall surface using a spatula.

It is important after each operation to maintain a certain period of time so that the solution sets and hardens.

At the final stage, you should thoroughly clean the repaired section of the wall with sandpaper. Wallpaper is pasted onto the prepared area or paint is applied.

Sometimes in old houses, during renovations, old plaster crumbles and falls out of the corners. finishing solution. In order to seal holes of this size, you can use polyurethane foam.

The volume formed in the corner between the walls is filled three-quarters with foam.

After which you need to dilute a special mixture, which is sold in stores and is intended for repairing deep chips in concrete walls.

Fill the remaining volume with the solution 2-3 times, allowing it to harden. The final finishing of the joint is done with putty. At this stage it is important to achieve a smooth surface of the walls.

Fixing a small hole in a concrete wall

A medium-sized hole in a concrete wall can be easily repaired using foam. If the hole is smaller than a matchbox, then it is sealed with putty.

Before starting work, you need to clean the surface of the hole from dust and moisten it generously with water. Then the putty is applied in several stages.

When the hole is small in area but deep, it needs to be cleaned and moistened. The putty is rubbed inside and smoothed out on top.

When it hardens, this place is cleaned with sandpaper and that’s it, the process is completed. After this, paint is applied to the repaired area or wallpaper is pasted.

Cracks in a concrete wall

When renovating residential premises in old houses, not only holes, but also cracks are found on concrete walls.

Before you begin restoring the walls, you need to make sure that the cracks do not expand. This can be done using paper beacons.

It is best to seal large cracks with concrete mortar.

In this case, it is necessary to clean the surface of the crack, lubricate it with PVA glue and fill it with sand-cement mortar. Or use ready mixture, which is intended for such repairs.

General rules

When performing cosmetic repairs in an apartment, you have to face unexpected difficulties. The resulting holes in concrete walls should not be left. They definitely need to be sealed.

The quality of this work depends on several components. When carrying out repairs, you need to purchase dry mixtures in advance for finishing walls and filling holes.

Stock up on putty and get ready complete set tools. You need to know that such work is always accompanied by the formation of dust. It is best to clear the room of furniture.

If repairs are not planned in the near future, then any hole can be covered with putty and sealed with wallpaper.

The main thing is that the hole in the concrete wall is repaired.

When the time comes for repairs, everything will be done as required.

stoydiz.ru

How to repair a hole in the wall and how to do it?

Life often presents us with surprises, and they are not always pleasant. Sooner or later, each of us happens to encounter various everyday problems that we have to solve on our own.

It is unlikely that anyone will turn to specialists if a hole has formed on the surface of the wall. It doesn’t matter how it appeared, but it must be eliminated.

However, in reality there is nothing difficult about fixing a hole in the wall yourself.

How to repair holes in a brick or concrete wall

The extent of repair work to the surface of a brick or concrete wall will depend on the extent of the damage. If these are holes left when old nails, screws or dowels were removed, then it is enough to cover them with putty or a special repair mixture.

Let's take a step-by-step look at how this can be done:

To do this, take a long nail or screwdriver and widen the hole. This must be done so that the putty penetrates as deeply as possible inside.
Then use a dry brush or vacuum cleaner to remove any accumulated dust and crumbs.
Now moisten the resulting hole with water. For this purpose, you can again use a brush or a spray bottle, or a piece of foam rubber. This should be done so that moisture from the repair mixture or putty does not quickly absorb into the wall.
After a few minutes, putty the damaged area, carefully rubbing the mixture into the hole.
Once completely dry, sand the surface with fine-grained sandpaper.
Now the area can be painted over or wallpapered.

If the hole in the wall is large and deep enough, for example, it was left after replacing pipes or dismantling an electrical outlet, then putty alone will not be enough. You will need either cement, gypsum, or a ready-made concrete repair mixture, which can be purchased at a hardware store.

What to do in this case:

Before you fix a hole in the wall, prepare the hole by clearing away any debris and moistening it with water.
Then fill the void with pieces of stone or brick mixed with cement mortar. This will save putty and strengthen the area being restored. Cement mortar for this purpose is prepared from one part cement and three parts sand. In such a case, you can also use building gypsum or concrete repair mixture.
When this cement (or plaster) “patch” has dried, putty it, carefully filling and leveling the remaining voids and cracks that have formed.
The area treated in this way should dry well. This will take at least 12 hours.
When everything is fairly dry, smooth the surface with fine-grit sandpaper. To prevent this place from showing off as an ugly bump, it should be leveled with the rest of the wall surface.
The wall is leveled, and now it can be painted or wallpapered.

If, during the shrinkage of the building in the room, the interpanel seams have come apart or a deep crack has formed, then there is no need to rack your brains about how to repair such a hole in the wall. In this case, use polyurethane foam, which is sold in aerosol cans at any hardware store. It perfectly fills voids, easily penetrating even hard-to-reach places. In this article you can learn how to repair cracks of varying complexity.

Polyurethane foam adheres perfectly to various surfaces and quickly hardens in air. So you are guaranteed a good result in the process of eliminating deep cracks and holes.

Before you start work, prepare the place - clean it of dirt, dust and other debris. Wet the wall surface.
Before applying the foam, you need to shake the can well so that its contents turn into a homogeneous mass. This will take you at least a minute.
During operation, hold the container upside down, since the gas contained in it, which displaces the polyurethane foam, is lighter than it.
Vertical cracks should be filled from bottom to top.
If the hole is too deep, apply the contents of the can in layers, applying a new layer after the previous one has dried.
After filling the hole, do not touch the damp polyurethane foam with your hands, this can change the structure of the material and slow down the process of its hardening. Wait until it dries.
Remove excess dried foam with a knife and putty the surface.
When the putty is dry, smooth the area with fine-grit sandpaper.

Now you can see for yourself that it is simple and easy to repair any hole in a concrete or brick surface, no matter what size, without outside help.

The main thing is to correctly assess the scale of the repair work and carry it out in accordance with the rules for using the material that you will use when restoring your wall.

How to Fix Holes in Drywall

Nowadays, in many houses and apartments the walls are finished with plasterboard. By the way, you can use plasterboard to level the walls. It is worth noting that the material is quite fragile and can easily cause serious damage. As a result of an accidental impact, the plasterboard sheet may break. And how to repair a hole in the wall in this case? You certainly shouldn't prepare for major repairs.

In such a case, it is enough to put a simple patch on the canvas.

To do this, use a hacksaw to cut a rectangle around the damaged area. Make a patch from a new sheet of drywall using a cut piece of old sheet as a template. On the back side of the hole formed in the wall, use self-tapping screws to attach two wooden slats parallel to each other. Now insert the prepared patch there and secure it with screws. Caulk the edges. When the surface is dry, sand it with fine-grit sandpaper. That's it. Decorate this place and no one will know that there was once a hole here.

Nail or screw holes in drywall do not require patching. It's enough to simply putty them.

That's all the tricks for sealing holes in the wall. We hope that our advice will help you cope with this problem with dignity.

Useful materials

Before performing any finishing works surfaces need careful preparation. After removing the old coating, the next step is preparatory stage holes and cracks in the base will be sealed. Depending on the type of base and type of defect, different repair compounds, tools and elimination methods are used. We will tell you how to repair a hole in a concrete ceiling, since most often the problem is faced by owners of apartments with concrete floors.

Technology for sealing holes in a concrete ceiling

If further finishing work is hampered by a large hole in the ceiling, cracks in ceiling surface or gaps between walls and floor slabs, then to eliminate the defect use different materials and tools. First, a suitable mixture is selected taking into account its characteristics, location of the defect, and its area.

Important! To repair defects in the ceiling surface, putties, polyurethane foam or repair solutions are used.

There are several types of putty compositions:

Cement mixtures are made on the basis of cement. They are suitable for filling holes in concrete structures indoors and outdoors. The solution has high strength, moisture resistance, but takes a long time to dry. Since the mixture is not particularly flexible, the repaired surface is often covered with small cracks. Therefore, the ceiling needs finishing putty with a different composition.
If you don't know how to fix a large hole in the ceiling, give preference to gypsum mixtures. They are distinguished by their plasticity, are applied in a thick layer and do not crack. However, gypsum is afraid of moisture and temperature changes, so it is only suitable for working in a dry, heated room.
Acrylic putties are not afraid of dampness and provide a smooth surface. Used as a finishing layer. However, acrylic compositions are applied only thin layer, so they are not suitable for filling large defects. Another disadvantage of this solution is its high price.

Advice! For small cracks, a finishing composition is suitable, and to eliminate deep holes and defects, gypsum or cement mixtures are used.

No matter how good putties are, they are not suitable for sealing through holes, because they do not allow achieving the necessary tightness. In this case, polyurethane foam will help.

It adheres well to concrete bases and comes in two types:

two-component (used only with a special mixer);
one-component (applied without pre-mixing).

Due to the fact that the foam significantly increases in volume after leaving the cylinder, all holes and cracks in the concrete ceiling are tightly filled with the mixture. The mass hardens quickly, providing the required density of the repaired area. The disadvantage of foam is its possible shrinkage. It is convenient to fill narrow, deep holes with foam, since the mass is supplied under high pressure.

Repair mixtures are also suitable for sealing large defects. Their advantages are high adhesion to the concrete surface, frost resistance, durability and mechanical strength. The compositions are characterized by stable characteristics at any operating temperatures. Some mixtures have antiseptic properties. Usually a solution of sand and cement is used in a ratio of 3 to 1.

In addition to the suitable composition, you will need the following tools and accessories:

stepladder or scaffolding;
sandpaper or sander;
narrow spatula;
vacuum cleaner;
paint brush;
polyethylene film to protect floors and furniture;
screwdriver;
a piece of cotton fabric;
silicone sealant;
antiseptic primer (if there is fungus);
primer;
knife or long nail;
sickle tape;
brush;
strengthening impregnation of deep penetration.

The choice of one or another necessary tools from the list is carried out according to the instructions for sealing each type of holes, crevices and cracks in the ceiling surface. Depending on the type of ceiling defect, use different compositions and solutions. Now let's talk about how to cover up a hole in the ceiling, which was formed as a result of falling plaster, at the junction of the ceiling and wall surfaces, between floor slabs or near heating risers.

The junction of the ceiling and wall

The joints between the ceiling and the walls are usually filled with mortar or plaster, but over time it can deteriorate and fall out of the seam.

In this case, to eliminate the defect, do the following:

Using a screwdriver, knife or nail, expand the hole along its entire length. It should be at least 0.5-1 cm wide.
After this, the gap is well cleaned of any remaining dust and debris using a brush or vacuum cleaner.
Apply deep penetrating primer with a brush. For these purposes, you can use the Betonkontakt composition.
Using a spatula, apply acrylic or gypsum putty into the hole. The sickle is pressed into the uncured surface of the putty so that a right angle is formed between the ceiling and wall surfaces. The tape is leveled with a spatula and covered with a thin layer of putty.
After the solution has dried, the surface is sanded.

Fallen plaster

The defect often appears after flooding by neighbors above, the spread of mold, or a violation of plastering technology. Usually the problem is eliminated by applying a layer of putty into the resulting recess. But this method is not the best.

To ensure high-quality leveling and prevent further peeling of the plaster, do the following:

If the cause of the finish falling off is a fungus, then the surface is pre-treated with an antiseptic impregnation. Instead of soaking, you can use chlorine bleach.
Primer is then applied to the hole and on the surfaces around it. It will strengthen the materials and improve adhesion to the putty solution.
The hole is puttied in several layers, followed by drying of each of them.
After the mixture has dried, the ceiling is sanded and coated with a strengthening primer.

Crack at the joint of panels

Gaps and cracks between floor slabs are not uncommon in any apartment.

To combat them, do the following:

Using a spatula and hammer, remove all existing seam sealing. Cement composition break it with a hammer and pull it out piece by piece.
The resulting gap is cleaned of debris and dust using a dry brush (vacuum cleaner) and a primer is applied with a brush. If necessary, the primer can be reapplied.
After this, the seam is puttied with cement or gypsum mixture. A sickle tape is laid over the undried solution and pressed well into the mixture with a spatula. The surface is smoothed so that the serpyanka is hidden under a layer of solution. Sometimes, to do this, the seam has to be puttied again with a thin layer.
After drying, the surface is sanded and another layer of primer is applied.

If the plates lie very tightly to each other, and there is practically no gap, then proceed differently. The cracked plaster is removed. Betonkontakt primer is applied to the seam and surfaces 5-10 cm to the sides from it. After this, apply a thin layer of putty mixture, lay the serpyanka on top and press it in, and putty again. After drying, sand and prime.

Holes near risers

Before you repair a hole in the ceiling near the pipe, you need to figure out the cause of its appearance and eliminate it. Typically, this defect appears after replacing risers, as a result of pipe leaks, due to condensate collection or cyclic heating. All these influences lead to the gradual destruction of the solution and its crumbling.

Small blind holes near heating risers are sealed with silicone sealant. The method is suitable for holes no more than 0.5 cm deep. This plastic material will not interfere thermal expansion pipes In addition, silicone can withstand high temperatures, which is important near heating and hot water supply risers.

To seal large holes, you need to know how to foam a hole in the ceiling with polyurethane foam.

Follow this sequence of work:

First of all, the hole is reinforced. To do this, a metal mesh or wooden slats are placed in it.
After this, foam is applied in several stages. After each application, wait a few minutes to allow the mixture to expand and fill any voids.
After the mounting foam has completely dried, its surface is cut off so that the level is 5 mm higher than the ceiling surface.
The recess with foam is puttied. For rooms with normal humidity, gypsum compositions are used, and for places with high humidity Acrylic putty will do.
When the solution dries, the surface is sanded and primed.

Life is an unpredictable thing, such things happen in it that it is better not to remember them. So for some reason a hole appears in the wall and you need to get rid of it. How to do this? Yes, it's very simple.

This article provides step-by-step instructions from professionals in their field. Don't be afraid to take on repairs. After all, as they say, “the eyes are afraid, but the hands do.” Moreover, any person can cope with this, the main thing is to understand the technology.

When choosing a sequence for repairing a hole, you must take into account the wall material and the parameters of the hole. The wall may be brick, concrete or plasterboard, and the hole may be small, large or medium.

So, based on these parameters, let’s figure out what’s what.

Closing a hole in a brick or concrete wall

The procedure for closing a hole in the wall depends entirely on the size of the hole. But before construction work, prepare the hole; to do this, you need to clean the edges of the hole from any covering (plaster, wallpaper, etc.).

Further actions are selected only based on the size of the breach.

Small gap in the wall

Most often, such marks appear after an attempt to hammer a nail into a wall, removal of old nails, and the like. To eliminate this nuisance, you need to prepare in advance: sandpaper, a small spatula, a brush, a vacuum cleaner, foam rubber and plaster material.

Before you begin closing the gap, clear the area of debris, dust, and other foreign materials.

The sequence of actions when closing a small gap in the wall:

To widen the gap, this is necessary so that nothing interferes with the penetration of the repair mixture inside.
Turn on the vacuum cleaner and get rid of the resulting dust and debris.
Moisten the brush in water and work the hole. This is necessary to prevent the plaster from absorbing moisture from the cement or putty mixture, because the quality of the finish is significantly reduced.
Take a spatula and apply the repair mixture with it, while thoroughly rubbing it inside. In the end you will have a flat surface.
Wait a while, and when the repair area is dry, use sandpaper to treat the surface.
Fill the hole, paint it, glue it with wallpaper or make an original composition.

Large gap in the wall

This type of hole can occur in a variety of ways. various reasons. For example, if your child decides to see what’s inside. But no need to panic! Panic is the worst enemy of repairs!

Instructions for closing a large hole in the wall:

Use a vacuum cleaner to clean the hole from foreign objects.
Moisten the hole from the inside with a wet brush.
If the depth of the hole does not reach five centimeters, then you can cover it with a repair mixture. When it dries, re-cover any cracks that appear. If the depth of the holes reaches five centimeters or more, then it is best to put a brick or its substitute inside and plaster it.
It is advisable to use a large spatula, which is applied to the plaster. The surface must be perfectly flat. Areas near the hole must also be sealed.
Wait for it to dry completely, then walk over the repair area with sandpaper. After this, paint or wallpaper this area.

Bringing a plasterboard wall back to life

Drywall is a fragile material that is very easy to damage, often due to mistakes by the owners.

What to do:

1. Take a pencil and a ruler and draw a rectangular shape in the place of repair work.

2. Using a hacksaw, cut out the previously drawn rectangle; this is necessary in order to remove all damaged material. Strictly respect all boundaries!

3. Take a wooden board; it should be slightly narrower and longer than the gap in the wall. Insert it into the gap, press it against the inside of the drywall and secure it with screws. For convenience, you can make a handle, which must be removed after attachment.

4. The plasterboard sheet must be cut in the same way as the hole in the wall and inserted into the gap.

5. Attach a sheet of drywall to a wooden board using self-tapping screws.

6. Putty the edges of the “patch”. Apply a special mesh to the layer of putty, then putty again.

7. Allow time to dry. Then go over the repair area with sandpaper.

8. Apply putty again, this will be the last layer. After drying, go through sandpaper again.

9. Now the gap is sealed, and you can begin to disguise it.

This was advice from professionals. Now you can easily seal any hole in the wall. You just need to believe in yourself, and you will succeed!

Photos of effective methods for filling a hole in the wall

How to repair a hole in a concrete wall

First, let's look at how to repair a hole in a concrete wall. Let's come closer to our wall and take a look at it:

Some manage to store materials, as they say, until the next repair. However, you need to remember that all materials have an expiration date: usually it is 6 months, a year, two, and then they must be thrown away. What to do in this situation? It turns out there is a way out!

If you look in stores, there is a so-called putty putty. In some cases, it can replace conventional putty, and in others, plaster. I worked with putty on polyurethane foam. She looks like this:

Putty will come in handy here. For work it is better to take a rubber spatula. The material must first be mixed well:

The foamed joint between the glass unit and the wall can also be perfectly sealed with putty:

How to repair a hole in drywall on a wall

Let's consider two options for solving the problem, when the hole is small and large.

How to seal a small hole

If the hole in the drywall is small - up to 5 mm in diameter, then plaster or putty is not required for this:

Spread the excess that has come out with a spatula:

If the acrylic has rubbed inside, take the gun and push it further into the hole until it comes out. And then carefully spread it with a spatula again.

The hole is sealed. The next day, when the sealant has dried, all that remains is to lightly sand it with zero-grit sandpaper:

How to seal a large hole

If the damage is more extensive:

then sealant is not enough. For these purposes you will need putty. But first you need to remove the chamfer:

and trim off any excess paper that may peel off later. To do this you will need a blade or knife, you can even use a stationery knife. So, the chamfer was removed, the protruding paper was trimmed:

After this you need to prime the hole. We take a brush, a primer and carefully prime it so that the primer gets both inside and outside:

When the primer has dried, take the gypsum adhesive mixture and carefully fill the hole with it:

You need to score properly, don’t rush:

After the mixture has dried:

sand it with sandpaper:

Then we take a knife and in this area we draw a rectangle of about 10 cm by 15 cm with the tip of the knife, cutting only through the paper so that the damage is in the middle of the rectangle:

and remove the paper:

Moreover, the paper must be removed carefully, completely, down to the plaster, so that there are no paper scraps left in the rectangle area.

After removing the paper, we prime our surface:

When the primer has dried, glue a piece of serpyanka (plaster mesh) cut to its size into our rectangle:

After that, we apply putty to this area and begin to putty:

Once the putty dries, all that remains is to lightly sand the area to be repaired with sandpaper.

This is where the article ends. Today we discussed in detail how and with what to repair a hole in the wall and ceiling on a concrete and plasterboard base.

This issue can be solved relatively simply, and anyone, even those who are not particularly experienced, can do it. home handyman. Approaches to closing holes differ depending on what kind of walls you are dealing with - brick-concrete or plasterboard. Let's consider both cases.

Repairing a brick or concrete wall

It all depends on the size of the pothole or hole:

a small hole, a nail mark, a narrow crack is closed with ordinary putty, which is applied with a spatula, allowed to dry completely and sanded with sandpaper. After which you can paint the repaired area the same color as the entire wall, or stick wallpaper;
a deep hole - a place where, for example, there used to be a socket before finishing putty - must be filled with something durable and inexpensive. This can be building gypsum (alabaster) or simple cement mortar with an increased amount of cement (cement with sand 1:3). Before sealing, the hole must be cleaned of crumbled plaster and moistened with water. When the solution is completely dry, it is puttied with finishing putty, including the adjacent untouched section of the wall. After complete drying, the repaired area is treated with sandpaper;
no matter how you seal the deep cracks between the slabs with cement mortar, they will still crumble. In this case, polyurethane foam can help, which will firmly close the gap. After frozen foam you can trim with a knife, removing the excess, and then putty as usual

When preparing any hole for repair, it is necessary to remove any loose plaster residues around the edges of the hole. If something is not holding up well, it is better to crumble it during repairs and repair it again than to get another portion of work after some time.

Restoring plasterboard walls

Small potholes, nail marks and other damage on a plasterboard wall are puttied in the same way as on a stone wall. But a plasterboard wall under the influence of an accidental blow can simply be pressed through, forming a deep dent or hole. Here you will have to change a piece of the surface. The procedure is as follows:

mark a square on the wall that completely includes the dent;
cut a marked square with a dent from the wall (best with a jigsaw);
using the cut-out square as a template, mark and cut the same square from whole drywall;
trim the edges of the hole and the cut square with a knife, removing any irregularities;
prepare two wooden strips slightly longer than the width of the hole and screw them from the inside to the upper and lower edges of the hole (screws can be screwed in from the outside, slightly recessing their heads into the drywall);
place the cut square into the hole and carefully screw it to the planks with screws;
fill the cracks along the edges of the patch and let dry;
Clean the surface with sandpaper.
The renovation is complete

Why do holes form in walls?

When old wallpaper or other decorative covering is removed during renovation, they discover that holes have formed on the walls. Before answering the question: how to repair a hole in a wall, you need to understand what kind of holes there are and why they arise.

Small holes on the wall arise from dowels, nails, screws driven into them, or as a result of mechanical damage.

Holes after transferring sockets can ruin the finish. How to repair a large hole in a concrete or brick wall will be described below.

Through holes occur in places where communications pass through mechanical stress, when deep cracks are not repaired for a long time.

Cracks form when the house shrinks and when the building is exposed to vibration loads.

Timely repairs extend the life of the building and ensure a beautiful appearance of the decorative finish.

Restoring surfaces with small holes

If there is a dowel left in the wall, you must first pull it out. To do this, screw a screw into the dowel, grab it with pliers and pull it out of the wall with loosening movements.

After this, the hole is cleaned of dust, which will be an obstacle to the surface from adhering to the solution. Wet the hole with water. The following can be used as a mixture for sealing holes in walls:

cement-sand mortar mixed in a ratio of 1:3;
building gypsum;
Ceresit tile adhesive.

The prepared solution should have a creamy consistency. If the hole is large, add small pebbles to the mixture.

Push the solution to the very base, compact it well with a thin stick or other object. After the surface has dried, it must be plastered, filling the remaining voids and cracks formed during drying.

When the surface is completely dry, grout with sandpaper.

The interpanel seams have come apart

This section provides information on how to repair a hole in a concrete wall if the seams have come apart.

If in interpanel seams cracks have formed and need to be repaired urgently. To close deep holes in the wall, use foam. It is sold in two types: professional for a construction gun and non-professional with a straw. If the house has a device for a foam bottle, it is better to purchase a professional type, since it has lower consumption and higher quality.

Step-by-step instructions on how to repair a hole in a concrete wall:

Clean the surface from dust and debris. Cleaned from remnants of building materials.
Polyurethane foam adheres better to a damp surface, so before applying it, the gap is generously moistened with a spray bottle.
Shake the container well and fill the hole with foam. If the hole is very deep, the foam is applied in layers. Each subsequent one is applied after the previous one has dried.
Within 1-2 days, the foam expands, filling the smallest microcracks on the wall. Until it dries completely, its integrity must not be disturbed.
When the foam hardens, cut off its protruding parts with a knife.
Level the surface with plaster or putty, then sand it with sandpaper.

When working with polyurethane foam, you need to be careful. The material adheres firmly to skin and clothing. Can be washed off the body with a solvent. If it gets on clothing, it will be damaged.

Crack repair

The surface of the crack is expanded with a grinder and its edges are leveled. For better adhesion to the material used for repair, apply two layers of primer. The next layer is applied after the previous one has dried.

How to fill a hole in the wall:

Cement mortar with added lime. Most often, cracks form at the joints of bricks, at the junction of a concrete surface with a brick wall. In this case, construction mesh is used during repairs. The cavity is filled with solution, and a steel mesh is laid on it. After the first layer has dried, fill the remaining space with lime-cement mortar.
A waterproof putty is prepared from a mixture of concrete and paint. Cement is poured into the paint and stirred constantly until a mixture of creamy consistency is obtained. Fill cracks with this composition.
Wood glue is mixed with chalk powder until a creamy mass is obtained. Apply the composition to the cracked area. Protruding excess is immediately removed.

It is important to detect and repair a crack at an early stage. Otherwise it will gradually increase.

Restoring the integrity of the wall after moving sockets

When moving sockets, excess holes must be sealed with cement or gypsum mortar. When the hole is large, the question arises of how to seal holes in concrete walls so that the material does not crack.

The technology of restoration work depends on the depth of the hole. If it is more than 5 cm, you will need a stone or piece of foam of the appropriate size.

Step-by-step instructions on how to repair holes in a concrete wall:

The cavity is cleaned of dust and debris. Moisten with water.
Drive several self-tapping screws along the edges; they will hold the solution and filler.
Fill the bottom of the hole with solution.
Cover the inside with stone or foam.
Fill the hole with cement or gypsum mortar. If cracks form after it dries, seal them again.
Apply a thin layer of finishing putty to a dry surface.
The putty hole is cleaned with fine-grained sandpaper.

Compliance with the work technology helps to obtain a flat surface. It is not recommended to blow out dust; it can get into your eyes; it is better to use a vacuum cleaner.

Through Hole Repair

Holes drilled through for installation of communications in brick wall or in panels, sealed using silicone sealant, polyurethane foam or cement-sand mortar.

How to fill a through hole with cement mortar:

Clean off dust and wet the surface.
Prepare cement mortar. Add small stones to it. If there are none, take a rag and dip it in the solution so that it is well soaked. Stuff the fabric into the hole. It is compacted well. It may take several cuts to fill the entire space. The fabric should not protrude outward.
Cover the remaining space with concrete.
After drying, complete leveling is performed with finishing putty.

Technology when using polyurethane foam:

Remove dust using a vacuum cleaner. Spray the cavity with a spray bottle.
Blow out the space with foam.
After drying, cut off the protruding material with a knife.
Perform final leveling using putty.

This method of restoring through holes is suitable for both dry and wet areas. Cement mortar can be used in the bathroom and kitchen; it is not afraid of exposure to high humidity.

Restoring a plasterboard wall

Drywall is one of the most used materials in construction. They quickly and easily level walls. The disadvantage of this material is its fragility.

As a result of careless actions when moving and rearranging furniture, the material may be damaged. If you do not calculate the load and hang a heavy massive shelf on a plaster wall, it can completely tear out a piece of material.

Technology for repairing holes in drywall:

A rectangle under the ruler is drawn around the damaged area.
Cut with a knife along the marked line.
On the back side of the resulting hole, two wooden slats are attached parallel to each other, which will hold the patch.
A rectangle is cut out of a piece of drywall of such a size that it fits tightly into the place of the cut out area.
Insert the patch into place and secure it with self-tapping screws.
First they putty the joints, and then the entire surface of the rectangle.

How to cover screw holes:

Prepare a putty solution. It is sold dry and ready-made. If the amount of work is small, it is better to purchase a dry mixture. The finished putty dries quickly after opening the container.
Fill the hole with solution.
After drying, rub with fine sandpaper.

If there are holes from self-tapping screws on the plasterboard wall, you can simply fill them with putty.

You can see how to cover a groove in one go in the video:

During renovation work, it is often necessary to repair holes in the walls. This type of work does not require specific skills. Even a teenager can fix a hole in the wall. If the work is carried out in accordance with the technology, no one will even guess that there was a hole in this place recently.

A concrete wall is truly considered strong and durable, however, even in it, holes form over time. There are different types of damage and this is not a surprising phenomenon. Therefore, many home owners with concrete walls often wonder how to fill a hole, what to use to cover up the crack?

A hole in the wall is not like rebuilding a house, so even a novice craftsman can handle this job. Do not have good skills in construction or working with a concrete wall. In general, filling holes is quite simple; it’s another matter to do it efficiently and soundly, without losing the aesthetic appeal of the wall.

Before deciding on materials and tools, and methods of sealing, you should pay attention to the nature and size of the hole. You may have to cover up a large regular gap, or maybe a large, through hole.

How to repair a small hole in a concrete structure?

Small holes occur frequently and for various reasons. For example, you might not carefully remove the dowel from the concrete. In order to eliminate such damage in concrete, we will need:

a screwdriver or alternative pointed object;
sandpaper;
vacuum cleaner;
brush;
small spatula;
deep penetration primer;
as well as a choice of putty/gypsum mortar/cement-sand mixture.

So, before covering the hole with the mixture, you need to slightly widen the hole with a pointed tool. Then we insert it into the hole and begin to expand it with rotational and translational movements. After that, take a vacuum cleaner and get rid of excess dust and dirt.

Now treat the hole with the primer we have chosen so that the putty will better adhere to the concrete. We take putty or other material of our choice and cover the hole. At the same time, try not to apply extra layers so that everything is smooth and beautiful. We wait for it to dry and clean the surface with sandpaper. Now the wall can be painted or plastered, in general, subjected to finishing.

How to cover a large hole in concrete?

As you can see, everything is simple with small holes, but what to do with large holes? For example, you dismantled an old socket or repaired a pipe, but the hole remained. Putty is not suitable for this, since it will have to be applied in a thick layer, and it will fall off immediately. In such situations, it is advisable to use either gypsum or cement mortar, and only then finishing plaster. Also stock up on a wide spatula.

The coating technology will be like this:

Thoroughly clean the surface from dust and dirt, treat with a deep penetration primer.
Seal the hole directly. For this purpose, use plaster if the hole is less than 50 mm deep. For holes greater than this depth, use a stone, a piece of brick or foam plastic attached to cement, which is covered with the same plaster on top. If cracks appear on the surface after sealing, it is necessary to apply a small layer of putty again.
Now let's level the surface. The defective area must be covered with finishing plaster. We apply it with a large spatula, wait for it to dry and sand it with sandpaper.

How to repair a through hole in a wall?

It is possible and even necessary to seal the through hole. IN in this case we will work on both sides of the wall. First, we use the same method as for deep holes: we again take either a brick or a stone of the size we need, fix it on a cement-sand mortar. Next, cover the piece of caulking we have chosen on both sides with the same solution. Then, after everything has dried, we apply finishing plaster and sand the surface. As you can see, the technology is very simple.

But what to do if you can’t cover it up on the other side - there is no access to the room? We use a similar technology, only we need supports for the stone. They will be dowel nails driven into the concrete into holes drilled with an electric drill. Fit the stone as closely as possible to the hole in the wall. And then again everything according to the old scheme: we strengthen it with mortar, it dries, we cover it with plaster and sand it with sandpaper.

Repair other holes in the concrete structure

But these are not all types of defects in concrete walls. What other problems exist with walls and how to solve them in more detail:

If a crack appears at the junction of the wall and the ceiling surface, you can repair it just like an ordinary hole in a concrete wall. But there is also a nuance that must be taken into account: initially the hole is widened to a size of about 10 mm along the entire length of the crack.
If the problem occurs in a section of the wall near the pipes, then it is better to use silicone sealant and cover larger holes with polyurethane foam. We cut the foam a little deeper than the level of the wall, and then beautifully putty it with a finishing finish.
Another option, not entirely suitable for the topic, but also very relevant. If there is a hole in the ceiling, not the wall. This may be a result of the plaster peeling off. Clean the concrete surface thoroughly. Do not forget that the cause of such a defect may be mold, so we carefully clean and treat antifungal agents. Although this also applies to walls: it is better to prevent the appearance of fungus than to remove it from concrete surfaces later.

Conclusions

As you may have noticed, repairing a hole in a concrete wall is not so difficult; it does not require any fancy, narrow-profile tools or deep knowledge. The technology depends on the location, nature and size of the damage. Some small holes can only be filled with putty, but for larger ones you will need a substrate, as well as a gypsum or cement-sand solution.

The main thing is to properly prepare the base, clean it, apply the mixture you prepared well, and cover everything. If you follow the stages of repair work to seal holes, you can do everything efficiently and beautifully, and also prevent further growth of the damage. I hope you found the answer to your question and this material was useful to you.