Window on the roof of the attic. Installing a window in the roof of a house: dormer or attic? Corner posts are aligned

Windows are not only the “eyes” of our home, but also a source of natural light and ventilation. The latter is very important for attic space or attic. There are skylights different types. To install them correctly, you can hire a specialist, but doing it yourself is also a good option. We will tell you further about what windows are like and how to install them yourself.

Types of roof windows

Windows for both walls and roofs come in different shapes and sizes. Some of them are considered more decorative, in order to give the roof a beautiful and unusual design - such windows are more often used for the attic. Other types are more focused on ventilation, providing high-quality ventilation of the room, as well as for good lighting if there is no other light source in the attic or attic.

Also, when installing a skylight, you should focus on which roof you will need to install it in. The roof can be flat, pitched or gable. It happens that the roof has semicircular elements. All these nuances must be taken into account when purchasing a roof window in order to ensure not only correct installation, but also the necessary functionality. This is the ability to open a window, the correct drainage, and water does not flow into the structure, and moisture also accumulates so that it gets through the window required quantity Sveta.

Choosing a window for different types of roofing

There are two options for obtaining a window - make it yourself or buy a ready-made one. The first option is cheaper, but the second is preferable, although it will cost more. But it was done taking into account all the nuances that a non-professional may not even be aware of, in order to implement them in his window.

What to look for:

• Triangular windows - this type is also installed on a roof with slopes. These windows do not have side walls; instead, the roof slopes themselves protrude. It turns out that there are fewer joints between the roof and the window, therefore, there is not as much waterproofing material and overall there is less installation work. Typically, triangular windows are used for those attic spaces that have other types of lighting, since the shape of the window does not allow much light from outside to enter. In addition, providing them with convenient opening is quite problematic. But such windows look unusual and tasteful.

Roof with semicircular shapes - this type of roof is quite original in itself. But frames for them are made only to order. It is necessary to take into account all sizes and shapes so that the frame fits snugly - this should be done by a specialist. Windows inserted into the openings of such roofs look like a glove, which gives the entire structure an image of fluidity. This type of roof windows is also considered decorative - they have an interesting design and are often used in residential attics as a source of soft and subdued lighting. In a room, as in the case of triangular windows, it is desirable to have some other light source.

Important: quadrangular windows can be installed on a roof with a slope of 15°.

How to choose the right window

To make it easier to figure out which window is right for your roof, you must clearly define for yourself its further purpose. If the window is planned as an interior decoration inside and outside the attic, creating a play of light and shadow, then you can take windows of various non-standard forms. They are perfect for any type of roof. But at the same time, do not forget to take care of another method of ventilation and lighting in the room, and you can also install a “blind” window that will not open.

Well, if you are thinking of installing a window for a practical purpose in the roof - that is, to be able to ventilate the room, create high-quality ventilation and good lighting, then it is better to take a standard quadrangular window. It should open and close conveniently, including a ventilation mode. Of course, you need to take care of high-quality waterproofing. If you approach the matter creatively, then such windows can also look stylish and beautiful in the roof and create interesting lighting.

Important: windows come in two versions - inclined and vertical. Experts recommend installing the first one for two reasons - more light and ease of installation.

Installation of a skylight

If we talk about the vertical option of installing a window, then it’s worth saying that many people don’t really like it, because for such installation of a window into the roof you need a separate rafter system. Then, due to the resulting slopes, almost half less light enters the room than in the case of an inclined installation option. In addition, the inclined window from the side looks like a single structure with blood. Next, we will talk about how to install it in the roof.

What you will need:

Drywall;

Window frame – area for glass 0.7 m2

Material for waterproofing, insulation, and interior decoration;

Window flashing for sealing;

• Tools - level, tape measure, chisel, pliers, saw, nails, as well as

screw cutting machine and angles for fastening.

Installation process:

First you need to prepare the roof and opening. At the same level as the sheathing, the roof should be fitted with battens where the installation will take place.

Using a saw, cut out the opening - its dimensions should be 45 mm larger than the window frame.

Then screw the mounting brackets into the grooves in the corners of the box using self-tapping screws.

Before fixing the window frame in the roof opening, you need to lay a waterproofing layer and insulation on the sides. In this case, some part of the material should protrude out; you will then remove all excess with a knife.

Insert the window frame into the opening, lightly fasten it there on the sides, but not tightly.

After that, fix it well and check all the gaps. If everything is adjusted correctly, fully tighten all fasteners.

Attach the side strip and cut off the excess waterproofing.

Secure the vertical slats.

Press the strips tightly against the frame and close them with the lid.

The corrugation is attached to the outer part of the roof, and the vertical parts of the edges need to be brought inward.

Depending on what your roof is made of, you need to remove the excess seal along its line - just carefully cut it off with a knife.

The box is ready - insert the frame. Make sure that all seals are made correctly.

Important: be very careful and attentive when cutting the opening for the window. Its size should be about 45 mm, and this must be clearly measured. If you end up with an opening that is too large, it won't be easy to fix. In addition, it will spoil appearance roofs.

Triangular and semicircular windows are placed in the roof a little differently, but in general the system is the same. You can easily cope with this if you study the recommendations well. The differences depend on the shape of the roof, as well as the type of window. But in any case, you can contact a specialist.

In conclusion, I would like to say that skylights are installed not only to provide ventilation and lighting in the attic space, but also as a beautiful design solution for the attic. It is often used as living room, and tastefully installed windows can greatly decorate the interior. The unusual penetration of sunlight will create a pleasant atmosphere. Skylights are not only practical, but also stylish, so their selection and installation should be approached carefully.

VIDEO

In this article, we will consider the question of what advantages a gable roof with windows has, why we need windows on the roof, what types of dormer windows exist, and whether it is necessary to violate the integrity of the roofing at all when installing the described element.

Is it necessary to install roof windows? If the house has a large area, if the space under the roof is being developed for housing, yes. The described element helps to arrange attic ventilation; if done correctly, it easily becomes an effective design move that allows you to complete the overall stylistic concept. Simple dormers are doors to the roof; they allow, in case of emergency, to repair the roof and help evacuate in case of fire.

The roof window can be different shapes, different designs. The next section of the article will help you understand how one type differs from another.

Types of dormer windows

A roof window is a glazed frame built into the roof plane. The shape of this frame may vary. Experts distinguish four main types of structures. They are clearly shown in the published photo.

Frame in gable wall

A window in a gable wall is the simplest option for installing a glazing frame. Located between two slopes, it can be of any shape: triangular, round, oval, trapezoidal.

The most popular option is the rectangular dormer window. It is easy to assemble and install such a frame with your own hands, without the help of specialists. Semicircular frames have an unusual name. People called them "bull's eye". A frame of this shape looks very impressive on tiled roofs. This type of dormer windows has one advantage - the absence of sharp corners prevents the accumulation of snow; rainwater drains from such a frame immediately, without lingering on its protrusions.

Triangular dormer windows often decorate the roofs of country mansions. The side walls of this design are replaced by slopes located at an angle of 60 degrees to each other. The triangular design of the frame has certain features: their main purpose is to ensure a flow of fresh air into the attic. The triangular design does not facilitate the penetration of sunlight, so such structures are not used to illuminate the attic. The side walls of a triangular window do not need to be carefully sealed. And all because they are connected to the roof using a valley or valley irregular shape. The front part of the triangular frame is not recessed into the roof; it is flush with the rest of the walls. For special effect, the triangular dormer window must be located closer to the lower tier of the roof.

Installing such a design is quite simple. There is no need to construct additional roofing elements for this. Most often, those who are going to make an auditory opening on their own choose this particular option for its installation.

Dormer

Dormer is a frame design that is located above the roof slope. It is quite difficult for non-professionals to do it themselves. And all because before installation it is necessary to carry out complex calculations. The main condition for installation is the need to strengthen the supporting structure on the gable roof and to waterproof the frame well before glazing. The photo shows all types of dormer, you can make it gable, arched, built-in, panoramic, triangular.

Note! Selected option dormer window must be combined with the architectural style of the house.

Antidormer

Antidormer, its design is directly opposite to the design of the dormer. It also settles on the slope of the roof, but does not come out of the roof, but, on the contrary, goes deep into the roof of the roof. Designing this type of frame is easier than drawing up a drawing of a dormer, but despite this, the anti-dormer has taken root poorly in Russia. And all because the described design reduces usable area attic space.

Dormer windows

A slanted window (also known as a dormer window) is in line with the slope of the roof. The use of metal-plastic allows you to create an attic version of any configuration. Such an element does little to help decorate the roof, but without it it is impossible to arrange natural lighting in the attic space. The choice of this option is justified when the attic is converted into living space.

Installation of dormer windows is carried out between two rafters located adjacent to each other. Such window frames can only be installed where the roof slope is at least 20 degrees. Otherwise, the attic window will become an obstacle to water flows. In this case, no amount of waterproofing will save the roof from leaking.

There is no point in making frames for skylights yourself. It is better to buy ready-made glass units produced in a factory. Its design is carefully designed and developed in such a way as to eliminate the very possibility of flooding of the roof space. Installing a ready-made window is not particularly difficult. The support frames are attached directly to the roof. The attic double-glazed window can be opened for ventilation even during rain.

Design Features

Many years of experience in installing frames in roofs allowed us to formulate basic rules for their placement. You should definitely familiarize yourself with them in advance.

• Firstly, any dormer window should not be located close to the ridge of the roof, or to the eaves of the roof. Window frames should not be installed close to the front parts of the roof.
• Secondly, when installing two elements located adjacent to each other, the distance between the two elements should not be less than 80 cm. If the location is closer, it will be impossible to lay the roofing. The closer location of the dormer windows provokes some difficulties during the operation of the roof. For example, this will certainly complicate the implementation of preventive measures; the close location of dormer windows will provoke the accumulation of snow on the roof in winter. And this is also not good from an operational point of view.
• Thirdly, dormer windows can be installed only on those roofs whose slope angle is at least 35 degrees.

Note! Cuttings and tie-ins into the overall roof frame system cannot be made.

Installation features

We will describe the features of installing a dormer frame using the example of installing a dormer.

It is necessary to install dormer windows on the roof immediately after installing the general rafter system. To do this, it is necessary to assemble the fronts, rafters and ridge beams. Then a drawing of the dormer is drawn up in advance. It should look something like the one shown in the photo.

As you can see in the photo, the frame of the dormer is assembled from beams. The walls of the dormer window rest on the roof guides, and the beams are attached to them at right angles. If the window width exceeds the standard dimensions, the load on the rafters will be increased. To prevent the roof from collapsing, where the dormer will be installed on the rafters, another one is placed next to one beam, increasing the stability of the rafters.

Note! It is better to fasten the dormer wall posts to the double rafters with special fastening metal corners. Jumpers should not be used for these purposes. They will help weaken the entire structure of the dormer.

The next stage is the construction of the window frame frame. In essence, it is a miniature roof, which is why it is so important to carry out preliminary correct calculations the structure being described. First, the window openings are fencing using durable wooden beams, which roofers call legs. The photo shows this stage. They will take on the load of the entire frame.

The cross beams are laid in such a way that the lower one lies parallel to the wall of the house, the upper one - where the height of the future window ends. Longitudinal bars are installed. They help secure the frame to the top beam of the rafter guide. On at this stage you need to arm yourself building level and check with them the location of the assembled frame vertically and horizontally. It is important to “cut out” all the elements of the dormer in advance, according to the drawing made; the assembly of the dormer frame is carried out according to the photo, which shows the schematic structure of the dormer window.

Note! The roofing on a gable roof is installed simultaneously with the roofing of the dormer window. Only in this case is it possible to construct a solid coating that is durable and of high quality, capable of withstanding the effects of precipitation.

The front sides of the dormer are pre-sheathed with either moisture-resistant plywood or sheets OSB boards. Roofing material is laid on top of them. In order for the slopes of the dormer windows to be connected to the slope of the roof, valleys are used.

Generalization on the topic

If you want to install a dormer window on your roof, you must contact specialists. Their help will help you choose the desired design frame that will best fit into stylistic decision Houses. It is important to begin installation work by drawing up a drawing of the frame structure. As a rule, modern window manufacturers produce ready-made double-glazed windows standard sizes. The easiest way is to take them as a basis and, starting from such decisions, make calculations of the structure of the dormer window frame. If you study the topic in advance and watch a training video, you can try to install a decorative element on the roof yourself. The main thing in this matter is not to rush, carefully think through all stages of work in advance and strictly follow the planned plan. When working on a roof, you must follow safety rules, always wear insurance, and never work on top alone.

Greetings, dear readers!

A construction term for an important roof feature called a dormer, according to explanatory dictionary Dalia means an opening prepared “for hearing.”

This is not an accurate definition of the functional abilities of a window with the definition of “auditory” suggests that Vladimir Dal, of course, was a writer, ethnographer, doctor and a very educated person, but had nothing to do with construction.

If he were a builder, he would give a different definition to this element, which is installed on almost all pitched roofs and not intended at all for the unhindered penetration of sound waves.

Why and how dormer windows are installed correctly, you will learn by reading this article.

Dormer window - what is it?

A window opening in a roof slope, in which a vertical frame is installed, closed at the top and sides, is called a dormer window.

Initially, such a window was conceived as a way to ventilate the under-roof space, but over time it became one of the elements of the roof structure that can simultaneously perform several functions.

To add a “zest”, to revive and decorate the roof of any house - this is one of the purposes of a dormer window acquired over many years of its use.

Changing its appearance and its dimensions, the window began to evoke different visual associations and received many original names: “bull’s eye”, “frog’s mouth”, “pike window”, “gnome’s house”, “bat”.

When houses in densely populated cities could no longer accommodate all their residents, they had to look for a way out: how to expand the living space. And an interesting solution to this problem was found - to arrange attics in the attics.

Simultaneously with the arrangement of the attic space, another one appeared near the dormer window. important function- serve as a source of natural light.

Thus, as a result of all kinds of additions and changes, an ordinary “birdhouse” on the roof has become an architectural and structurally necessary part of the roof structure and the room under the roof.

Subsequently, in order for dormer windows to perform efficiently all the functional duties added over time, they began to be installed in certain areas of the roof space, which are located in the southern direction.

When a dormer window is installed in an ordinary non-residential attic, and its main purpose is to ventilate the space under the roof, then instead of a frame, a simple ventilation grill can be inserted into the opening.

It allows the dormer window to cope as much as possible with the responsibility initially assigned to it.

As a result, there are no such negative phenomena in the attic space as:

• condensate, which it turns into warm air, penetrating under the roof from the lower floors and cooling sharply in the under-roof space. In the absence of proper ventilation, this phenomenon not only has a detrimental effect on the roof, but can have a destructive effect on load-bearing structural elements and significantly reduce their trouble-free operation;
• formation of fungus and mold, which at comfortable conditions They may well find a way and move into the room located under the attic. Sometimes residents upper floors residential buildings long time They are trying to cope with black spots in the corners and under the ceiling in their apartment, without finding the true cause of this phenomenon. But installing a dormer window can help them completely solve this issue - for additional access of fresh air to the under-roof space.

There is another meaning in installing a roof element called a “dormer window” that does not lie on the surface, but has a special meaning for the reliability of the roof structure and its operation in strong winds.

Only a flat roof is not subject to air pressure.

All single-, double-slope, and also broken protruding roof structures are built with the expectation of providing decent resistance to wind loads.

If left unattended, the wind load factor can destroy the roof, gradually creating vibration and weakening the supporting structure.

Destruction can also occur simultaneously when, due to the high speed of air flow, a vacuum of air is created outside the building under the roof. The stronger the wind, the greater the pressure difference outside the roof and under it, and this in some cases ends with the entire roof lifting, like a balloon taking off.

The installation of a dormer window in the roof is designed to counteract this scenario - at first glance, an ordinary ventilation opening, but in fact structural element, taking into account the complex laws of physics.

It is this window that is the valve that, if necessary, will operate and relieve the under-roof space from excess pressure.

Even if the dormer window is closed not by a ventilation grille, but by a glazed frame, then air flow is more likely to squeeze out the glass than to have a destructive effect on the roof itself.

Technology for installing a dormer window on the roof in the video:

Design features of a classic dormer window

A standard dormer window is a rectangular structure, which is an additional roofing superstructure. Its purpose is to, without missing precipitation into the under-roof space, providing access to fresh air and daylight.

A conventional dormer window is installed in the space between the rafters so as not to disturb the supporting structure of the roof. If it is necessary to ensure greater air access, it is possible to install several dormer windows in the spaces between the rafters in one row or one above the other.

Classic dormer window looks like glass window frame with ventilation holes around it, covered with a ventilation grille in the form of blinds. If the window is small, then, as a rule, it is closed only with a ventilation grill.

Often, this type of window openings combines the function of doors for free access to the roof surface if the building is not equipped with a fire escape.

For the attic space, a difference of about 5-10 degrees compared to the air temperature outside the building is considered optimal.

Temperature values ​​that differ upward will be fraught with the formation of condensation on internal structure. And this, in turn, may require the use of special materials that can withstand high humidity.

Such troubles are dealt with by installing dormer windows, which come in different shapes and design features.

The most popular are:

• single-pitched. One of the longest used and structurally simplest auditory roof structures. The roof angle of this window should be about 15 0. An increase in this size is permissible only if the roof itself has a significant slope. If this rule is not observed, water may flow in at the junction of the main roof with the roof of the dormer window, which will require additional measures for waterproofing this area;

• gable. Just like lean-to roofs, they have been installed on roofs since the Middle Ages. This is confirmed by many historical architectural monuments that have preserved these decorations on the roof to this day.

A distinctive feature of the gable auditory structure is the relative complexity of its installation. To do this, it is necessary to correctly calculate the connection of all its components, both among themselves and with the structure of the main roof. But the complexity of manufacturing a gable dormer window (compared to a single-pitch one) is fully justified by its greater practicality in terms of distribution of water flows.

Visually, the two slopes on the roof of this window look like a finished architectural form, and do not require any additions.

The materials for the side and front gables of the dormer windows can be the same as those used on the façade of the building, but immediately take on the appearance of a decorative element if their exterior decoration is made in contrast with the decoration of the facade.

Dormer roofs, unlike gables, are usually covered with the same material that covers the main roof.

Why is there a window on the roof?

If you look at a dormer window from the street, the answer to the question of why it is on the roof comes by itself: in many cases, to decorate the overall appearance of the building.

The builder will explain the need to build a window with practical benefits, citing several purely technical arguments as proof.

A person living under a roof in an attic will talk about the comfort that a dormer window creates. In particular, it will tell you about the daylight and fresh air coming through it, and most importantly, about the opportunity to look at the world from a point of view other than through the windows below.

A building with original dormer windows becomes unlike others that do not have such an element in their design.

Here we can draw an analogy between buildings and people - some hairdresser will transform his client so much with an elaborate hairstyle that his own mother will hardly recognize him. A dormer window on the roof, just like the bouffant on a fashionista’s head, can be one and only.

Over time, fashion trends have not bypassed this element of the roof structure. The ornate dormer windows, into which residents of cozy attic spaces looked out three hundred years ago, have been replaced by inconspicuous dormer openings in rapidly constructed houses of the last century.

But fashion and freedom of thought are now making themselves felt again with the appearance on the roofs of many private houses, seemingly a thing of the past, “houses for a gnome” and a “bull’s eye” look.

Our time has not been able to wash away the patina of centuries from dormer windows, except that it has added a few changes in the form of double-glazed windows in the frame and automatic closing of the window in case of bad weather.

But for the attic space not equipped for housing, the dormer window remains exactly the same and performs the same functions: maintaining the performance qualities of the roof structure and the material covering this structure.

The principles of installing dormer windows on a roof with a cold attic in the video:

Types

The definitions by which dormer windows are classified correspond to the visual characteristics of the roofs installed over a particular opening.

For example:

• flat roof. It is used mainly for purely technical purposes and does not affect the appearance of buildings. The angle of inclination relative to the main roof ranges from 5 0 to a maximum value of 15 0;
• the roof is pitched. Very similar to flat, but differs in the angle of inclination, starting from 15 0 and increasing in parallel with the increase in the slope of the main roof;
• gable. In addition to the mandatory functions, it also has architectural significance for the appearance of the building;
• hip roof. A type of gable roof, with a cut front slope located at the same angle as the main roof;
• triangular roof. Minimal daylight source;
• glass roof. Designed to provide maximum access of daylight to the attic;
• semicircular roof. The famous "bull's eye". Stylish option, differing from all others not only in its attractive appearance, but also in the significant cost of the work on its construction.

Acute dormer window

A dormer window with a triangular or, as it is also called, a “sharp” roof can often be found on buildings of historical value.

The main task when installing windows with such a roof is to ensure that they are not too large or too small in relation to the total volume of the roof. Their sides should have the same angle as the main roof. If these conditions are not met, the triangular window will look like a foreign fragment on the roof.

Another condition for the compliance of acute-angled windows with the general style of the building is the correctly selected locations for their installation. They must be on the same axis with the façade windows located below them.

The advantage of these dormer windows over other options is that they can be located at a higher level.

Another advantage of acute-angled windows is the simplicity of waterproofing the junctions. Since the roof covering of the window is connected at a straight angle to the main roof, their joint is designed as an internal connection on ordinary sloping roofs - internal and external.

Installing triangular dormer windows does not significantly increase the volume of the attic space, and this factor is their main disadvantage.

Design features of the installation

There are no clearly defined rules and strict instructions for installing a dormer window. The main requirement relates to maintaining the rigidity and reliability of the entire roof structure.

The installation location depends on the individual requirements of the developer and the aesthetic perception of the entire appearance of the building.

Before drawing a dormer window on the plan, it is important to decide what function it will have to perform - aesthetic or practical. The choice of window shape and size largely depends on this decision.

If you install two dormer windows at a close distance (less than one meter), then it will be difficult to install a roof covering between them.

In winter, nearby windows will contribute to the formation of snow bags, which will negatively affect the waterproofing of window junctions and will cause an increased weight load on the main roof structure.

Dormer windows that serve only purely technical functions are usually installed without disturbing the structure in the space between the rafters.

When it is necessary to install a dormer opening in the place where one or more rafter legs are located, then changes are made to the design of the main roof based on calculations related to snow and wind loads. In this case, reinforced rafter legs are necessarily added under the side walls of the dormer window.

How to expand the attic space

Setting up a living space in an attic under a roof is quite simple - just insulate the walls and roof. However, there is a certain difficulty in how to provide access to a sufficient amount of daylight into the room and at the same time at least visually expand the attic space.

Installing a roof window in the plane of the roof partially solves the problem - it lets in light and fresh air. But this is a partial solution to the problem, since the actual volumes of the room do not increase, but remain within the same contours limited by the roof.

The design of a large-sized dormer window allows you to install in its front gable the same (in size) window as on the facade of the building, increasing the height of the projection in the room under the dormer to the height of the ridge of the main roof.

With sufficiently large dimensions - the height to the ridge of the roof and the distance from the central axis of the building to its side wall, the opening built into the roof for a dormer window may well be a separate house for its residents.

When increasing the internal living space, one must not forget that this may negatively affect the external appearance of the building. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the proportions between the dimensions of the main roof and the dormer window installed on it are maintained.

Dormer window configurations

The architectural style within which a certain building was built is not limited to the foundation and facade. As a point set in any business, the same point in construction is the roof installed on a building. Its outlines should not violate the general idea of ​​the architect. Therefore, many creators of grandiose projects install spiers or domes instead of roofs.

You can play with the external perception of any building by adding projections in the form of dormer windows to the roof of various shapes.

This solves two problems at once:

• technical. The solution that is necessary for long-term and trouble-free operation of the roof structure and covering;
• aesthetic. Without a solution, the construction of modern buildings is in principle impossible.

Located in a certain sequence, in correctly chosen places and with dimensions that meet certain proportions even the most ordinary single-pitched dormer windows can look like a decorative fragment of the interior.

With a pitched roof

Flat roof windows are the most simple form from dormer windows installed on roofs.

The slope of the single slope above this window is not much different from the slope of the roof itself.

Windows of this type are most often installed on ready-made roofs, because their installation does not require insertion into the supporting system. It is enough just to cut out part of the sheathing together with the roof covering between the rafters.

An insufficient slope of the flat roof of a dormer window, if it is covered with tiles, can cause snow to accumulate on its surface and water to drain poorly. This drawback can be eliminated by replacing the coating with a more suitable one, for example, metal tiles or profile sheets.

For drainage, conventional semicircular or square gutters are used.

With a gable roof

Windows with a gable or semicircular roof require special attention in the approach to their installation.

The opening for a gable dormer window, as a rule, cuts into the structure of the main roof and can significantly affect its reliability.

The location of this dormer window may have special connections depending on the purposes that the window should serve.

If this window is a technical exit to the roof surface, then its location in the attic space should be at a free access height.

A window with a gable roof can be designed in different architectural styles:

• with or without gable projection;
• with or without cornice overhang;
• with or without gutters for water drainage.

The best option for the appearance of a gable window is when it has one window opening on the front gable, not separated by partitions. Several small windows make the dormer too bulky.

The process of installing a dormer window into a finished roof

The first step is to choose optimal place installations. If a mistake is made and the window needs to be moved to another location, it will be extremely difficult to seal the opening in the roof.

Having decided on the installation location, you need to pay attention to the location of the rafter legs in this place. The best option will not touch the rafters at all.

But if the distance between them is small, and the dormer window is wider in width, then it is imperative to take steps to insure against subsidence of the roof plane.

Before the place where the rafter leg will be sawed and after it, you need to install reliable supports.

They can be dismantled only after the dormer window installation process has been completed.

Then you should consider how and with what material the cut opening can be temporarily protected from precipitation.

If the marking has been carried out and all safety actions have been completed, you can begin to dismantle the sheathing and material covering the roof.

To avoid downtime and inconsistencies in the process of installing a dormer window, the builders must have a draft of the future finished product and all the materials necessary for the work before starting work.

Technology for installing a Dolmer dormer window on the roof of a house in the video:

How to apply

On buildings built in our country, four types of dormer windows are most often found. This:

• with flat roof, the slope of which does not exceed 15 0;
• with gable roof, the slope of both slopes of which must correspond to the slope of the roof;
• gable roof– a gable option with an additional slope starting from the ridge and lowered to the front gable;
• semicircular roof with an arched front gable.

There are no strict restrictions on the use of covering materials for these roofs, but there are recommendations.

They are as follows:

• It is advisable to cover a flat roof with materials that allow water to flow freely at a slight slope;
• in cases where the slope of the slopes is sufficient for good drainage, they should be covered with the same material as the main roof.

To decorate the gables, you can use any materials used in finishing the facades of buildings, but with the indispensable condition of their light weight.

Window openings in dormer windows (both rectangular and arched) are installed in the same way as on the facade of the building - strictly horizontally.

Purpose

Many residential and industrial buildings with a roof that has a common slope have dormer windows installed.

The space under the roof can be used for arranging a room there or for purely technical purposes - maintenance of the rafter system and roof covering.

Depending on the purpose of the attic space, approaches to choosing a dormer window specific in shape and functionality change.

The functions that the dormer window performs include:

• room lighting;
• constant flow of fresh air;
• possibility of access to the roof surface;
• decorative design of the building.

The main part of the dormer opening is the window itself, which can be:

• round or oval;
• square or rectangular;
• triangular.

The shape of the window does not affect the reliability and design features.

Window contours are important only for the aesthetic perception of the architectural integrity of the building.

Slope slope

Provide the correct slope of the slopes and protect problem areas where the dormer window meets the main roof from leaking - the main task during its design and installation.

If the roof area of ​​the dormer window is large, provision should be made for water drainage using gutters.

It is best to additionally waterproof the junction of the walls of the dormer window with the roof, and also install a valley there, and the lower one must extend a few centimeters beyond the main roof.

The slope of the slope for a flat roof should not exceed 15 0. In other cases, the slope must be selected relative to the slope of the main roof.

Roben dormer window installation in the video:

Window outlines

If you choose a dormer window based on simplicity of design and practicality, then a triangular or acute-angled shape meets these criteria better than others.

This configuration has a small line of contact with the roof, which significantly reduces the severity of the problem of possible moisture penetration under the roof.

When choosing a triangular-shaped window for installation, you should know that it provides the least amount of room illumination, and increasing it to eliminate this drawback will negatively affect the appearance of the building.

How to best position

In order not to disrupt the visual design of the building, architects can arrange the dormer openings in one row along a horizontal or vertical line. Or they can scatter the windows chaotically or in a checkerboard pattern - there are practically no restrictions on placement.

The only condition is that outer beauty did not create inconvenience for those who may have to use dormer windows from the attic space.

If we take this aspect into account, it is advisable to place the windows at a distance of about one meter from the attic floor.

Procedure for installing a dormer window

When installing different types of dormer windows, there are some features inherent in the design of a particular type of window, but there is no fundamental difference in the order of the actions performed.

However, the order itself must be strictly observed:

• draw up an accurate plan for the location of dormer windows, taking into account all the features of the main roof. Make a drawing of the window with an exact indication of all overall dimensions;
• if necessary, you should determine in which places the safety supports should be located, and install them before starting work;
• cut an opening in the roof for a window according to the dimensions indicated in the drawing;
• strengthen the opening with horizontal beams, attaching them to the ends of the cut rafter legs;
• strengthen the rafter legs, on which the sides of the dormer window rest - they will bear the entire load from the cut rafters;
• after lining the opening around the perimeter and creating a rigid base, you can begin constructing the selected type of dormer window;
• the further procedure repeats the procedure for installing a conventional roof with mandatory vapor and waterproofing and installation of an appropriate insulation system;
• Before installing the external finishing of the walls and roof of the dormer window, areas should be carefully waterproofed, connecting to the base of the roof.

Before installing a dormer window, it is advisable to calculate the cost and need for its installation. Perhaps installing a regular dormer window will solve all the issues regarding lighting and ventilation, and, moreover, it will probably cost less.

If the decision is made in favor of a dormer window, then you need to choose its shape wisely. Because an attractive-looking arched window called a “bull’s eye” will cost its future owner a price equal to installing several windows of simpler contours.

You can find out what optimal shape of a dormer window to choose for each specific case by systematizing the data presented in this article.

Dormer windows on the roof not only provide access to daylight into the attic and attic spaces, but also add attractiveness to the appearance of the building. Exist various options their designs and design styles. We will talk about the most popular implementation schemes in this article.

Types of dormer windows

The requirements for window installation are quite high. The structure must have the necessary strength, provide a sufficient level of illumination and ventilation of the room under the roof, and organically fit into the architectural appearance of the structure, making it recognizable.

Dormer windows have been popular for many centuries. The fashion for their appearance has constantly changed, and today dormer and dormer windows can differ significantly in their design features and design.

In addition to window structures mounted directly into the roof plane, windows with vertical glazing are popular:

• without side walls, with a pediment in the plane of the building;
• with side walls and pediment in the plane of the building;
• with side walls and pediment outside the plane of the building.

Small triangular, trapezoidal and arched openings with glazing of the entire vertical plane are actively used. Among structures with side walls, roof dormer windows differ in the type of roof they have.:

• single-pitched;
• gable;
• hip;
• arched (with a semicircular or beam arch);
• flat french.

The location and type of windows should be selected taking into account the style of the building and the placement of ordinary windows. Otherwise, they will be perceived as an alien element on the roof.

Window design

The design and installation of a dormer window should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of SNiP (SNiP II-26, SNiP 21-01). Regardless of the design features and style of the chosen structure, it is necessary to comply with building rules and regulations. This allows us to ensure the necessary reliability and durability of this building without weakening the operational parameters of the building roof.

The key requirements of SNiP for dormer windows include:

• installation is permissible if the roof slope angle is 35 degrees or more;
• superstructures must be located at a regulated distance from the external walls of the building;
• sashes opening and located on the dormer window must have a minimum size of 0.6×0.8 m, which means the permissible size of the roof window will be 1.2×0.8 m;
• if it is planned to install a window with hip roof and a quadrangular opening, its façade cannot be a continuation of the wall of the building.

GOST provides for the use of various materials for cladding. This could be copper, sheet metal, tiles. According to their design features, skylights can differ in the absence or presence of a roof overhang, their own roof, or a gutter. A large opening can have a balcony, which looks especially interesting and attractive. Lucarne windows are distinguished by the presence of side walls and a fully glazed facade.

Triangular dormer

If you plan to make a dormer window with your own hands, most often a triangular-shaped opening with steep slopes is installed. roofing slopes. This common design is characterized by the fact that the gable wall of the opening is installed without recessing into the roof - it must be located in the same plane as the corresponding outer wall.

Triangular openings in the roof should be located in line with windows located lower in the walls of the building, so as not to disturb the architectural proportions of the structure.

The roof slopes of triangular openings are located at a large angle (60-70 degrees), so there is practically no increase in the usable area of ​​the attic. The advantage of triangular windows is their aesthetic appeal and the ability to create an original layout for the attic space.

If you plan to install a triangular dormer window with your own hands, you should take into account that its roof is adjacent to the roof of the building, going down to the place where the valley is formed. Thus, during the arrangement there is no need to waterproof the joints of the side walls and the roof, which greatly simplifies and speeds up the sealing and finishing of the opening and the main roofing of the building.

Structure frame

Before you start building the frame, you need to frame the roof of the house - build gables, mount the rafter system. It is necessary to provide openings between the rafters where windows are installed. The rafter system of a dormer window has its own characteristics: the rafter legs framing such openings must be made double or triple, since they will subsequently bear an increased load.

According to SNiP, the gables of openings located in the roof must be supported by side walls, which are installed perpendicular to the external wall deep into the building and have a height of 1.5 meters. The frames of the side walls rest on the ceiling beams.

The side wall frame is installed after assembling the roof truss system of the building. After that, you should tie the horizontal crossbars and racks of the gable frames of the openings.

Further work is carried out in several stages:

1. Since the gables of a triangular window are located in the same plane with the walls of the building, the lower ends of the rafters adjacent to the walls should be cut flush with the wall sheathing.
2. Jumper beams are mounted between the double rafters of the opening frame. It is recommended to use metal overhead brackets. The use of notches and tie-ins that weaken the rafter beams is not allowed.
3. Openings must be checked for verticality of the gable frame, including when installing a ridge beam on it.
4. The rafters for the window opening are cut out according to a template and mounted to the ridge and the bottom of the frame.
5. The sheathing of the gable frames should be flush with the sheathing of the external wall. Construction waterproof plywood is usually used.

Valley device

The installation of a dormer window on the roof, which has a triangular shape, may be similar in appearance to the installation of a multi-gable roof. But there is a noticeable difference in installation technology. The slopes of a multi-gable roof most often have the same slope, while a triangular opening is equipped with a roof with slopes whose inclination angle is 60-70 degrees. Thus, the connection of the roof slopes of the window with the roof slopes of the building is carried out with the formation of non-standard valleys (valleys).

To arrange the dormer window, slanted rafters are used, into which the spigots, shortened rafter legs, rest (at an angle of 60-70 degrees). To install this structure, it is necessary to calculate the length and cross-section of the grooved rafter beam, the angles at which the side walls and the ridge beam meet. Each triangular rafter opening requires a pair of mirror-symmetrical beams of this type.

Bottom of dormer window

When considering how to make a dormer window, you need to carefully consider the installation features of its lower part. It must be designed in such a way that the inner part of the soft roof is hidden in it through the side walls and is not visible from the inside. For this purpose, a simplified method of installing the gutter is used.

The valley beam is installed on top of the roof sheathing of the house. The lower ends of the rafter legs of the gable roof of the window rest against this beam. At the final stage, the structure is sheathed with sheets of plywood, on top of which the roofing material is attached. Sheathing with plywood starts from the ridge of the dormer window, installation of the roofing is carried out in the direction from bottom to top.

If you plan to install window openings on your own, it is recommended that you first familiarize yourself with the installation features of these structures. Calculation and arrangement of windows of original shapes, installation of complex roof junctions It is recommended to entrust it to professionals.

Dormer windows on the roof: design, dimensions according to SNiP, rafter system

Types and arrangement of a dormer window on the roof. The design of the frame and rafter system when constructing a dormer window with your own hands. Recommended sizes according to SNiP and GOST

Features of the design and installation of dormer windows for roofs

Dormer windows on the roof are installed as a source of natural light and ventilation in attics and attics. And thanks to all sorts of design solutions, they also perform an aesthetic function - the facade of the house acquires an attractive and finished appearance.

Functional purpose

Houses with a roof with a dormer window always stand out from the general development with their original, unique appearance.

Dormer windows make the building stand out from the background of ordinary houses

What is a dormer window for? Its main function is to provide ventilation and lighting of the under-roof space. When choosing the location of the source of natural light in the attic or attic, it is important to take into account the orientation of the future dormer window to the cardinal points. It should face south, then all the requirements for natural insolation of the room will be achieved.

The attic window can be replaced with a device ventilation grille. The absence of even a small ventilation duct in the roof structure will entail significant troubles:

1. Heat loss will inevitably occur into the attic space, where when the air cools, condensation forms, which, due to the lack of ventilation, will accumulate in a closed room.
2. Due to the lack of lighting, mildew and mold will spread very quickly in the attic.

The grille can be installed on the facade of the house from any material. These can be brick, wooden, block houses.

The attic grill serves as a replacement for the dormer window

Also, a dormer window on the roof can provide access to the roof for repair or installation work.

If we talk about the architectural appearance of the building, then a hip, hip or half-hip roof by its very design suggests the installation of dormer windows.

What are they?

There are different solutions. The window structure can be built into the roof plane or it can be vertical glazing.

The use of small triangular, arched and trapezoidal openings with a fully glazed vertical plane is common.

Dormer windows on the roof, the structures of which have side walls, vary depending on the type of roof:

• flat;
• quadrangular single-pitched;
• quadrangular gable;
• triangular;
• semicircular;
• panoramic trapezoidal;
• light lanterns;
• round.

1. Single-pitch

This is the simplest type, characterized by the presence of a flat roof, the slope of which is less than the slope of the roof.

A lean-to window has a flat roof with a slight slope

It is characterized by the presence of sufficient space under the ceiling compared to the gable option. When installing it, attention should be paid to providing high-quality drainage for rainwater and other precipitation. The downside of a slight slope is the reduction in the number of options for roofing materials that can be used.

1. The traditional solution is a window located in the wall plane on a gable roof.

The gable window design significantly reduces the space under the roof

The design itself gable roof characterized by small headroom. The window can have a pointed or rounded shape. A complex structure will require greater financial costs than a lean-to structure. The downside is that the space under the roof will actually decrease.

1. The external design of a hip window evokes an association with a measured and comfortable life. The angle of inclination of the structure and the roof repeat each other.
2. The arched design gives the appearance of the house the atmosphere of a mansion. In addition to the horizontal placement of dormer windows, vertical placement is possible.
3. A window called “skylight” will add visual lightness and airiness to the exterior of the building.

1. Panoramic windows on the roof provide high visibility and maximum natural light.
2. The enclosing side surfaces of the trapezoidal window are covered roofing material.
3. A window called a “bat window” is better suited for window designs with a slight slope.
4. Dormer windows do not serve to decorate the facade. They perform the practical task of providing the attic living space with sufficient natural light and fresh air. Installation of these windows does not require construction auxiliary structures. In terms of waterproofing qualities, modern window systems are reliable and durable.

Constructive decisions

There are several basic layouts for dormer windows:

1. In the gable wall. The upper part of the end wall, which has the shape of a triangle, located between the roof slopes, is called a gable. The window is located in the plane of the facade. This does not require additional reinforcement.

The location of the window in the plane of the facade does not require additional reinforcement

• Dormer. The structure is located on the roof. The main condition for installing such a window is the need for reinforcement bearing capacity roofs and waterproofing work. The design of a dormer window on a roof of this type is characterized by the fact that the under-roof space does not lose any usable space, and sometimes even gains. You can organize a relaxation area on the windowsill by placing on it sofa cushions, and under it you can arrange a box for storing household items. There are many architectural solutions for this type of window that diversify the appearance of a house designed in any style.

The location of the window on the roof allows you to increase the usable area

• Antidormer. This type of window, on the contrary, is “recessed” into the surface of the roof, so it does not require additional reinforcement, is cheaper to construct, but “eats up” the area of ​​the room under the roof.

Antidormer reduces part of the under-roof space

• Sloping or attic. The window is mounted directly into the roof plane. Manufacturers offer many options for shapes and control mechanisms for such products: they can be round, triangular, rectangular. Requirements for them are imposed on moisture resistance and resistance to external loads.

Roof window built into the roof

• Clerestory. This is a structure glazed on all sides, allowing entry into the room. maximum number natural lighting. Typically found in roofing structures of public and industrial buildings. Can have any configuration.

Design and installation

Before starting design, you should familiarize yourself with the requirements of SNiP II-26 and SNiP 21-01. Why do this? Compliance with them guarantees that the constructed structure will meet the requirements of reliability and durability, while the roof parameters will not lose the reliability and quality of their technical parameters.

SNiP conditions regarding the construction of dormer windows:

1. The roof slope must have a slope of 35 degrees - in this case, installation is considered possible.
2. If it is necessary to erect a superstructure, it is important to take into account the distances recommended by the standards from the external building envelope.
3. The minimum size of the sashes that open and are located on the window is considered to be 0.6 by 0.8 meters, therefore, the permissible parameters of a roof window will be 1.2 by 0.8 meters.
4. It is impossible for the facade of a window with a hip roof and a quadrangular opening to continue the wall of the building.

GOST assumes the use of different facing materials: copper, sheet metal, tiles. Windows can be equipped with overhangs, their own roofing or gutters.

In some cases, it is possible to arrange a balcony on the roof

If the opening is of sufficient size and there is a building envelope, it is possible to construct a balcony.

Frame development

After determining the parameters of the opening, it is necessary to begin developing a drawing future design, which should be not only functional, but also aesthetically attractive.

The width of the auditory opening is taken so that it exceeds half the width of the attic room.

Frame installation

The installation of a dormer window should occur at the stage of installation of the load-bearing system of the main roof of the building.

Structurally, the dormer opening is a roof in miniature. Its roof is equipped with its own load-bearing structures, lathing and, if necessary, a ridge.

The window frame contains the same elements as the roof truss system

First of all, gables are made on the roof surface. Then the ridge beams and rafters are fastened, and openings are made in the designated places.

It is necessary to fence the openings using strong rafters, which will distribute the main load. The rafters can be double or triple.

The racks are placed on the beam located below, connected at the top using a block. As a result, the structure must be connected using beams to the upper beam.

The result will be a frame that does not yet have its own rafter system.

Scheme for manufacturing a dormer window frame

To ensure that the rafters do not lose their load-bearing capabilities, all elements must be fastened using metal fasteners.

After checking the frame in all directions, you can begin installing the ridge beam and the supporting roof structure.

Peculiarities

Moisture-resistant material is used to cover the side walls of the structure. The roof covering is laid at the stage of installation of all roofing material.

To avoid leaks, it is important to properly waterproof the joints using membranes, silicone sealants, and pressure strips.

Dormer windows on the roof: what is needed, designs, finishing

Dormer windows on the roof: device, design, options, installation. We are considering triangular, round and lattice options.

Dormer window on the roof: types of structures, design rules, installation stages

When arranging an attic or attic, installing dormer windows has become popular. And it’s not just about the design of the roof, which looks more elegant and transforms the appearance of the house. The functionality of such a structure consists of additional ventilation of the room, natural lighting and expansion of space.

No matter the size of the house, no one will refuse extra useful meters. Most roofing structures are designed in such a way that the rafter system significantly reduces the area, which affects comfort. Dormers on the roof make up for these shortcomings. The modernized room is bright and easy to use.

Types of dormer window designs

In a gable wall, the windows are located on the end side of the roof. They are built-in window frames with ventilation and lighting functions. The usable area is not increased. No holes are made in the roof covering.

Dormer is a frame structure protruding above the roof. By increasing the space, not only the roof configuration changes, but also the appearance of the house. For practicality, several windows are installed at once, which can be located on one or both sides of the roof slopes.

The design features of the anti-dormer are similar to those of a dormer, but the frame goes deeper into the plane of the roof, which reduces the usable area of ​​the attic. This type used in large areas where hiding the space will not create discomfort during operation.

An inclined window, consisting only of a window frame, is mounted in the plane of the roof. Functionality comes down to lighting and ventilation of the attic.

Often used when arranging an attic space are dormer varieties, justified by their great functionality:

Improving the overall appearance of the building.

The shape of the dormer window can repeat different geometric shapes:

Popular frame configurations include arched openings that significantly improve general form Houses.

Rules for installing dormer windows in the roof

There are no clearly regulated rules for installing windows in the roof surface. They generally adhere to general construction technologies and standards. Still, there are some nuances that you should pay attention to.

Installation of dormer windows is allowed only on roofs with a slope of 35 degrees or more.

The minimum parameters of the valves are 0.6 x 0.8 m.

It is unacceptable to place windows next to the ridge, gables, or cornices.

Window structures are built between the rafters. It is only allowed to cut a small part of the load-bearing beams with subsequent redistribution of the load onto adjacent rafters. It is prohibited to do a complete cut, as the rigidity of the roof may be damaged and its load-bearing capacity may be lost.

Dormer windows should not protrude beyond the boundaries of the external wall of the house.

When installing several windows in a row, an interval of at least 0.8 m must be observed.

When determining the number of windows and their parameters, the rules of proportionality are taken into account: the indicator of the sum of the width of all openings must correspond to half the length of the attic space.

Design window system It is built according to all the rules of roofing structures. Includes: rafters, sheathing, roofing, drainage system.

Stages of installation of a dormer window

Like any construction, installation of a window structure begins with the development of a project that takes into account important factors:

Choosing the type of window structure;

Determining the number of windows and their parameters;

Calculation of the load-bearing capacity of the roof and the structure as a whole;

Mounting options and materials used.

Drawing up drawings will facilitate subsequent installation.

After completing the design and preparatory work, installation begins. The frame of the dormer window is assembled first, on which the sheathing is subsequently made in increments of 50-55 cm. Next, the ridge part is installed and the rafter system is mounted. If the installation is carried out during the construction of the roof, then the finished frame is fixed to the rafters of the main roof structure. When equipped with windows existing roof, first, a place for the auditory object is cut out in the roofing pie without damaging the load-bearing beams. Then the frame is installed and secured to the rafters.

The final stage consists of covering the gables with moisture-resistant plywood, securing waterproofing film and covering the window structure with roofing material. Particular attention is paid to the junctions, since it is through them that a leak can form.

The inside of the dormer window is covered with finishing boards or clapboard. It is not advisable to use plaster and other mixtures.

Cutting out a fragment of the roofing pie must be done carefully so as not to damage the waterproofing layer of the main roof.

It is better to cover the walls of a dormer structure using steel siding. It will provide not only a presentable appearance, but also create strong protection from winds and precipitation.

Treat all joints and connections of dormer window parts with sealant.

For the construction of the frame, only materials with the parameters specified in the design documentation are used. Saving on size can be fatal for a finished structure that cannot withstand gusty winds or snow drifts.

Window openings can be arranged in several rows, if the roof area allows.

When creating dormer windows, it is important to harmoniously fit them into the overall concept of the house. Identical roof slopes, repeating decorative elements, the same type of roofing changes the appearance of the building, giving it sophistication and presentability.

Dormer window on the roof: types of structures, design rules, installation stages

Dormer window on the roof: types of structures, design rules, installation stages When arranging an attic or attic, the installation of dormer windows has become popular. And it's not just about the design.

Dormer window on the roof: design and what it is used for

Hip roofs differ from other types of roofs in one interesting structural element - a dormer window, which is used in almost any house construction with this type of roof. True, most of those who have seen dormer windows in the attic cannot tell exactly for what purposes they are needed, and only a few know whether roofs can be erected without the use of such structures. Civil engineers, experienced roofers and architects can justify why such a structure as a dormer window on the roof is needed, as well as how to correctly draw up a drawing of such windows. For future owners of private housing construction, it is important to know and understand why dormer roof windows are needed, especially since this knowledge is needed if you already have your own home.

Dormer window on the roof and its functionality

A dormer window is a special opening/hole located in the roof of a building. This window differs from the usual ordinary window opening in its smaller size and its functionality. The main purpose of a dormer window on the roof is to perform the following functions:

Example of a dormer window on a roof

1. Providing access to natural light into the attic space.
2. Ventilation and air circulation in the under-roof space.
3. Auxiliary access to the roof is directly from the attic.

In addition to the listed functions, such a dormer window serves as a decorative detail of the external decoration of the house, when it is equipped taking into account the individual characteristics and tastes of the owner.

Also, such a dormer window on the roof, design and drawing, which can be anything, brings the following advantages for individual housing construction:

• no matter how high-quality the thermal insulation is interfloor ceilings, heat loss in the attic space is inevitable. In other words, heated air masses always tend upward to the roof surface, where they collide with colder air. roofing covering- tiles, steel, slate. Condensation forms on the under-roof planes, and moisture destroys not only wood rafters;
• in a damp and unlit room, the formation and development of fungi and mold is significantly accelerated, and their spores, over time, will penetrate into indoor spaces;
• when there is no sunlight and normal circulation of air masses in the attic, the air becomes musty and even dangerous to human life: it is filled with black mold spores, which causes serious problems for human health;
• dormer windows also act as a check valve in strong winds. Such strong wind loads can break the roof or even simply tear it off its place, since the wind, blowing under its surface, forms rarefied currents that lift the edges of the roof. It is the dormer windows that are able to withstand such exposure to bad weather, and the winds will break them faster than completely tearing off the roof from the house;
• in addition, even when the house is very large, with a massive heavy roof, and the risk that the wind will tear it from its place is minimal, dormers are still needed.

They act as a valve that prevents vibration that is not beneficial to house construction.

Types of dormer windows

Dormer windows are often also called dormer windows, because they are located in the details of the rafter structure that forms the roof of the house. Structurally, these window roof openings are typical - an opening/hole in the roof planes. However, roofing builders have come up with different types of these elements, on which the rafter structure of the house-building roof directly depends:

Dormer window configurations

• with side walls and roofing above the window dormer opening;
• without walls and the formation of a roof on the dormer - this design is called a skylight;
• directly in the façade plane and with the side walls.

Also, these window dormer openings differ from one another in their geometric shape:

1. In the shape of a semicircle/arch.
2. In the shape of a trapezoid.
3. In the shape of a triangle.
4. Rectangular in shape combined with an arched roof.

According to the type of roof above the dormer window opening:

1. With two sloped planes.
2. Hip.
3. With one sloped plane.

Important: the window roof opening can be installed directly in the roof of the building with an extension beyond or with glazing of the entire plane of the window roof opening.

Dormer window on the roof design, drawing, design features

As with the independent design of any other roofing structures, the design of dormer windows requires the implementation of SNiP and other building regulations and standards approved by various government bodies and taking into account all the technological features of the arrangement of some parts of private housing construction. Taking into account such standards dormer windows will be reliable and wear-resistant, and will not reduce overall performance characteristics buildings.

Dormer window drawing

Experts have the following basic requirements for the design of window roof openings of this type:

1. The roof slope must be more than 35 degrees.
2. The superstructure above the roof opening must be removed from the external walls of individual housing construction at a specified distance.
3. The sashes of the window roof opening must also be of a certain size:
   • minimum – 60×80 centimeters;
   • maximum – 120×80 centimeters.
4. A quadrangular opening with a hip roof should not be a continuation of the wall of the under-roof (attic) space.

These requirements also include advice on choosing building materials for cladding, which are used for arranging roof dormers. The following are best suited for these purposes:

It is important to remember that during the preparation of the project, under any conditions, a drawing is made of each planned element of the structure being built. When it is difficult to draw such a project yourself, you need to turn to highly qualified specialists for help.

Design of dormer roof windows

The structural features of a window roof opening depend on its frame.

Main characteristics of the dormer window frame design:

• the width of the window roof opening must be greater than 1/2 the width of the immediate attic room;
• the frame of this element is built simultaneously with load-bearing structure roofing, because it also has its own supporting system and sheathing (with gable-type openings and a ridge unit);
• installation of reliable rafters, the total load of the structure is distributed on them;
• parts of the window structure can be cut according to a template, which will greatly facilitate the installation process;
• all components of the dormer roof window structure are secured with steel fasteners;
• the side walls of such an opening in the under-roof space are sewn up with moisture-resistant building materials, and the same is done with the joints (this will help prevent the formation of leaks).

1. Membrane films.
2. Silicone sealants.
3. Pressure strips.

In an already constructed roof, you can also install dormer windows of almost any type. For these purposes, it is necessary to follow the following rules for its arrangement:

• the roof window opening is located in the center of the roof slope/attic wall - between the load-bearing rafters;
• after cutting out the opening, load-bearing rafters are installed, and the window frame is mounted on them (fastened tightly with self-tapping screws);
• The final stage is sealing the constructed dormer window.

In this case, sealing is performed with a sealant with an acrylic/silicone base or a waterproof film.

Important: in typical designs for dormer windows on the roof, the design (drawing) almost completely repeats the general shape of the roof, but in a very reduced form.

Dormer window on the roof: design, drawing, professional advice, video

Which roof dormer window design is best for a private home? How to correctly draw up a drawing of a dormer window on the roof - advice from experienced roofing specialists.

It is believed that the arrangement of a residential attic is more difficult and more expensive than the construction of a conventional non-insulated roof with a cold attic. There are reasons for this:

• It is necessary to properly insulate the attic.
• It is necessary to properly install a vapor barrier and a superdiffusion moisture and windproof membrane.
• It is necessary to install skylights as required by the manufacturer.

Problems often arise with the last point. Errors when installing windows on the attic floor negate all the advantages of this room. As a result of the mistakes of illiterate builders, attic windows leak in the rain, and condensation drips from the ceiling, damaging the finish. It is not surprising that many developers are distrustful of attics, believing that it is better to build a cottage the old fashioned way. Avoid the most common mistakes when installing a roof window into roofing pie with flexible tiles, our video and photo instructions will help you, which tell you:

• How to calculate the size of a dormer window depending on the area of ​​the room.
• How to choose a place in the attic roof to install a window.
• How to prepare window hole for installing a roof window.
• How to install the frame and frame of a roof window.
• How to install a condensate drain.
• How to make waterproofing at junction points.
• How to install a roof window frame and make a heat and vapor barrier.

Installation of a roof window: planning

A roof window can be installed either at the stage of attic construction or on a finished insulated roof with the finishing coating and layers of vapor barrier and hydro- and wind protection already laid. In the first option, work is carried out sequentially, step by step and, usually, does not cause difficulties. In the second case, you need to rack your brains on how to install a window in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations, going through the entire pie of the attic roof with flexible tiles.

The main difficulties of installing a roof window left “for later” - you will have to carefully dismantle or cut through it, moving from the inside to the outside:

• internal sheathing for finishing the attic;
• vapor barrier;
• insulation;
• superdiffusion membrane (moisture and wind protection);
• sheathing and counter-lattice;
• cut OSB boards for the opening;
• partially remove the shingles around the window opening.

The width of the attic window is determined by the pitch of the rafters. If the developer does not want to install narrow window, adjusting it to rafters mounted at a distance of, for example, 60 cm from each other, you will have to cut out one rafter leg, strengthen the structure, etc. This increases the likelihood of errors among installers, the deadlines and estimates for work. From here:

The installation of roof windows must be planned at the stage of designing a house and calculating the rafter system.

As a guide, we are guided by the following figures:

• It is recommended to install roof windows into roofs with a slope angle of 15 degrees or more.
• The window area is selected according to the formula: per 10 sq. m of attic floor should be 1 sq. m of glazing.
• The upper part of the roof window (from the floor) is located at a height of about 2 m, and the lower part is approximately 1.2 m.
• The opening for the attic window should be at least 4 cm wider than it, optimally 6 cm.
• The length of the opening is approximately 4.5-5 cm longer than the length of the attic window.

Stages of installation of a roof window

alexnrg FORUMHOUSE Member

I decided to install a roof window in my house myself. Roofing pie: rafters - board with a section of 15x5 cm, vapor-permeable to moisture windproof membrane, horizontal and vertical sheathing, OSB, underlay carpet, flexible tiles. Questions have arisen:

• How to install a roof window correctly?
• How to prepare the opening?
• How to fix a window in the attic?
• How to drain condensate?
• What is the salary for and how to install it?

The flashing (metal frame) is a system of gutters for hermetically sealing the roof window with the roofing. The flashing removes rainwater and moisture from the attic window when the snow melts.

All work on installing windows in the attic is divided into a number of sequential steps:

1. Preparing the opening.
2. Assembly and installation of the thermal insulation circuit.
3. Installing a roof window frame into a thermal frame.
4. Installation of the sash (glass unit).
5. Adjusting the side gap and window shutter.
6. Installation of a condensate drain.
7. Installation of a waterproofing apron.
8. Salary setting.
9. Insulation of slopes around the window and restoration of the vapor barrier contour from the inside of the room.

We'll tell you about the key stages of installing a roof window and how to avoid mistakes.

Preparing a window opening for installing a roof window

In the video instructions, a specialist explains how to prepare a window opening for installing a roof window if the roof has been built and the roofing has been laid.

When installing vapor and waterproofing, the films are cut with an envelope (crosswise) and wrapped inside the room (vapor barrier) and outside (wind protection).

The upper and lower parts of the opening are reinforced with lintels (between the rafters).

And with sheathing bars, so that the edge of the OSB sheet does not hang in the air.

The lower support beam of the sheathing must be leveled in order to accurately align the frame of the attic window and avoid a noticeable difference in height on the side slope.

Important! If OSB has not yet been laid on the roof– base for flexible tiles, then the opening is edged with a frame on top, made from OSB sheet or plywood cut into strips.

Assembling thermal insulation and installing a roof window frame

The thermal insulation circuit is mounted on a steel frame, which is easily assembled with latches.

The thermal insulation contour is installed in the prepared opening.

Then disconnect the rotating part of the sash with the double-glazed window from the frame of the attic window.

Mount the mounting plates and install the box in the opening.

Important! Mounting plates(4 things.) are installed in the corners of the roof window, in places prepared at the factory in the frame, into holes pre-drilled by the manufacturer for self-tapping screws.

With a large length of the attic window (more than 1.4 m), in place rotary mechanism(hinges), additional intermediate mounting plates (corners) are installed.

The roof window frame is installed in the finished opening. How to do this correctly, as well as adjust the side gaps and the rebate, is shown in the video.

Secrets of installing a condensate drain

The most important element of the roof window waterproofing system is a metal gutter for draining condensate.

The gutter is installed at a distance of up to 50 cm (optimally 20-30 cm) above the window in the same plane with the hydro- and windproof membrane.

To allow condensate to flow down the gutter, it is installed at an angle ( slope minimum 3 degrees). Then the moisture will be removed to one of the sides ( ventilation duct, formed by the sheathing).

Difficulties with installing a gutter arise if it needs to be mounted on a finished roof. In this case, you will have to manually cut out the openings in the sheathing, and do this carefully so as not to damage the wind protection film.

The easiest way to install a gutter is if the roof has not yet had sheathing installed, there is no base for flexible tiles and a soft roof has not been laid.

Preparing the site for gutter installation consists of the following steps:

• In the middle rafter leg(on both sides of the prepared opening) a vertical incision is made on the film of the superdiffusion membrane.

• A gutter is placed on the seat.

I lower the gutters, using it as a ruler, and make a horizontal cut in the film so as to align the vertical cuts.

The result is a windbreak valve that fits into the gutter and catches all the condensation.

Steam and waterproofing at the junction of the attic window

At the end of the work, a waterproofing apron is installed, which protects the junction areas from moisture.

The waterproofing apron is glued to the frame from bottom to top. Installation is simple - removable protective film from the adhesive layer (strip) and the apron material is carefully smoothed over the top of the frame. The waterproofing flashing is then secured around the window with staples.

Important! The upper part of the apron is placed under a gutter, which removes condensation, and the valve, cut from the windbreak, is placed on the waterproofing apron. To prevent moisture from getting into the places where they are made vertical cuts in rafters, their waterproof in advance with butyl sealant.