The storage tank eliminates the problem of lack of water due to interruptions in the central water supply or a power outage if a booster pump was used.
In this article, read about the types of storage tanks and how to choose the right one.
Using a storage tank
A storage tank is a reservoir with a supply of water that acts as a hydraulic accumulator. Its main task is to maintain uninterrupted water supply to the consumer when the central source stops operating.
In the apartment
Each owner of an apartment in multi-storey building faced a water supply shutdown or water supply on an hourly basis. Residents on upper floors are also familiar with low pressure due to low pressure. The solution to water problems can be a storage tank.
The idea of the design is that during a regular water supply, the reservoir is filled, and if the pressure drops or the water supply is turned off, water from the storage is sent to all water intake points in the apartment.
It is recommended to choose the tank size for an apartment in the range of 100-200 liters. This is enough to satisfy the primary needs of an average family of three for a period of several hours to a day. Typically a tank with a float is used, which allows you to maintain an optimal water level.
The volume of the tank is selected individually, based on the area of the apartment, family size, frequency of water interruptions, etc.
In the house
In private houses with centralized water supply, a similar situation arises with water supply. Water consumption in a house is usually higher, because on the territory there is usually a garden, vegetable garden, flower beds, and sometimes also livestock. Thus, the volume of water reserves should be tens of times greater than in the apartment.
For such cases, manufacturers suggest purchasing tanks with a volume of 1500 to 5000 liters (sometimes up to 10,000, but such are rarely used on the farm). The size of the tank will be impressive, but there are usually no problems with placement - a container of water can be installed in the yard, garage, barn and other households. buildings. There is a practice of burying the tank in the ground - this saves usable space Location on.
In the case of a tank buried in the ground, there is another advantage: in winter it does not need to be heated, since the temperature deep in the soil will not drop below zero.
The underground storage tank must have a ribbed surface and be strong enough to withstand the force of soil pressure.
In the country
The dacha differs from the cases described above in that, in most cases, there is no connection to a centralized water supply. Water has to be extracted and stored independently; for this, wells, boreholes and precipitation collection systems are used.
Tank for watering plants
Such a tank is good because the water in it will not be too cold for watering plants, like, for example, straight from a well.
You can use a container for watering plants in your dacha in the event of a power outage (when the pump for a well or borehole is not working).
The watering tank should not be placed in the open sun - if the water heats up excessively, algae and microorganisms will begin to multiply intensively in it.
Tank for shower cabin
Summer showers at dachas are very popular. It helps to freshen up during the day, and in the evening, when the water in the tank has warmed up well, you can take full water procedures.
For a shower, you should buy a tank with a volume of 200-300 liters, preferably flat in shape (for convenient installation on the roof of the shower stall).
It’s good if the tank is dark (or better yet, black) in color, this will contribute to more intense heating of the water during the day.
Flat shower tank
How to choose a storage tank
The tank should be selected based on the tasks it will solve in the apartment (on the site). Basic parameters for choosing a container:
- volume;
- material;
- form;
- surface;
- nature of fastening;
- color.
The volume will be individual for each type of need. A tank for an apartment or a private house without a garden can be selected within the range of 100-300 liters. Thus, it will not take up much space and its volume will be enough to meet the primary needs of residents.
The volume of the country tank can be selected up to 5000 liters or more, it all depends on the irrigation area and the free space for storing water supplies.
As for the material, you need to be guided by the purpose of the water. If it is to be used for drinking and cooking, the material of the tank must be safe for human health (for example, food-grade plastic). In the case of a summer cottage, plastic also has an advantage over metal, since aggressive components that may be in the water will not actively interact with the container.
The shape of the tank also depends on specific needs. For an apartment, a small cylindrical tank is suitable (for ease of storage), for country shower– flat (for reliable mounting on the booth). A tank dug into the ground can have any shape.
The surface of the reservoir matters when storing water underground. A ribbed and rough tank will be less subject to soil pressure, which will avoid deformation and movement.
Tank mount too important aspect. The tank can not only stand on the floor (ground), but also be suspended (relevant for small apartments so as not to take up floor space).
Color matters for heating (or vice versa, not heating) the water in the container. If you want the water to heat up under the influence of direct sun rays(shower) – choose dark color, if it is desirable for the water not to heat up above normal (irrigation tank), transparent, white or any light shade will do.
What else you need to know about storing water in a tank
- The water in the tank should not stagnate, otherwise it will spoil and be unfit for consumption. The water in the tank should be circulated as often as possible.
- When leaving the dacha for the winter, do not leave the container filled. The water will freeze and the pressure will most likely cause the tank to burst. If supplies were stored in the attic, water will flood the room when it thaws.
- The container requires periodic cleaning.
Before purchasing a storage tank, calculate how much water your family uses per day. The resulting figure will be the approximate volume of the tank that will suit you.
Cold and hot water plays a big role in the life of every modern person. It is difficult to imagine that a city resident could do without a hot shower or hot water for washing dishes. To ensure a constant supply of water to the taps of private houses for household use It is recommended to equip water supply systems. For this, the best option would be to buy a membrane tank for water supply.
Where can the structure be used for water supply?
The tank in question, as well as the hydraulic accumulator, can be used not only to accumulate excess water during the heating process. Thanks to them, you can maintain pressure in the system, as well as protect and protect against potential damage. If you decide to buy a hydraulic tank and install it, you can immediately feel its benefits. Water is supplied right up to the end, it works in a well-functioning manner, and the moisture that has accumulated allows you to turn the pump on and off much less often. Consequently, such equipment wears out much less. It will also be possible to buy hydraulic accumulators the right decision, as an application to a hydraulic tank. Tanks can be used in systems where hot and cold water is supplied to houses, in those systems that are responsible for heating, for heated floors. In addition to domestic use, there are also larger tanks; they are often installed in cleaning systems, as well as where there are devices for extinguishing fires.
The main advantages of water supply tanks
Buying an expansion tank for water supply in Moscow will be the right decision, since it is convenient to install, it is simple in design, and easy to configure.
When water heats up, it does not come into contact with air, therefore it stays hot longer. Due to the tightness of the entire tank, hot water loses heat in minimum quantities. This also allows you to save on energy resources. It’s easy to buy hydraulic accumulators in Moscow, you just need to choose the right store for this. When choosing a tank to supply clean water for drinking, you need to clarify what material the inner membrane is made of. Water will come into contact with it. This is explained by direct contact. Installation and installation of the tank is convenient; you can always install it on the floor, hang it on the wall, or choose a flat option.
You can buy a hydraulic accumulator for water supply systems in a store. There is a wide range here that will allow you to choose what you need, and their cost plays an important role here. Hydraulic accumulators are very affordable in Moscow. If necessary, get advice from experienced managers who know the range both in theory and in practice. It is profitable to buy hydraulic accumulators for water supply in Moscow in a store where they provide the most favorable conditions for each client who comes here. The product is of the highest quality, reasonable prices, any questions can be asked by phone or simply leave a request on the resource. You will be contacted at as soon as possible and will help you make a choice if you are not yet sure.
One of the most unpleasant household problems is the lack of water in the tap. It is easy to survive the lack of light or gas, but water is an essential component of human life, and when it is absent or in short supply, problems begin. You can always keep several containers of water in your house, for example, plastic bottles, but it is much more practical to determine what kind of storage tank for water supply and system diagram for a private home is needed, so as not to lose comfort and continue to use household appliances and a sink with a bathtub, no matter what. what never happened.
If for some reason the pump in the autonomous water supply system does not work, or there is no pressure in the centralized city water supply, then it can be supplied to the sink or toilet tank from a pre-filled reserve container. Simply put, it is better to always have a supply of drinking water in the house and use it in emergency situations.
For the convenience of using a reserve supply of water, the storage tank must be integrated into the water supply so that it is either automatically used in the absence of external pressure, or it can be activated by simply turning the valve.
There are many variations on how to install and connect a storage tank, depending on the type of water source, the possible location of the tank and even the layout of the house. It is enough to choose the appropriate option and decide on the type of storage tank itself.
Types
The storage capacity can be a container with sufficient internal volume, made of material that is resistant to corrosion and safe for storage. drinking water. The following materials are used:
- polyvinyl chloride;
- cross-linked high or low pressure polyethylene;
- polypropylene;
- stainless steel;
- steel coated with waterproof varnishes and ceramic coatings.
Plastic tanks
Although galvanized steel is corrosion-resistant and waterproof, over time the protective layer of zinc can wear thin, especially at joints and welds.
By design there are:
- open containers that have a neck with or without a lid, but with sealed walls and bottom;
- closed, completely sealed membrane-type containers.
In the first case, everything is simple: the entire internal volume is filled with water and, if necessary, drained through a pipe fixed at the lowest point.
In the case of membrane storage tanks, the useful volume is at least a third less than the volume of the entire structure. Part of the volume is allocated under the air chamber, separated from the water using a durable elastic membrane. As the container fills with water, the membrane presses on the air chamber, creating excess pressure. When it is necessary to get water back, the valve opens and it enters the water supply system under the influence of accumulated pressure.
With bottom or top position
There are three options for connecting a storage tank and using the water supply:
- Top location of the container. In this case, water is drawn under the influence of gravity. The higher the accumulator is located in relation to the consumer, the stronger the water pressure. Every 10 meters of height adds 0.1 atmosphere, or approximately 1 bar.
- Bottom location of a simple storage tank. Gravity will no longer help, and a pump is used to supply it to the water supply system, raising the pressure to the optimal level.
- Membrane-type storage tanks themselves create the required pressure for water supply. A lower location at the consumer level is optimal for them, since there will be no advantage from installing in an attic or tower.
How to determine the best option?
If a house has several floors and it is possible to place a storage tank in the attic, then this will eliminate the need for additional installation of a pump, and there is no need to spend money on an expensive membrane tank. In fact, it is an analogue of a water tower. However, raise the container so high as to ensure a comfortable pressure of 2-2.5 atm. it's still difficult. Moreover, the question arises of insulating the tank so that the water in it does not freeze in winter.
When emergency shutdown water at an existing pressure of 0.2-0.3 atm. It will be quite enough to use the faucet in the sink, toilet or even shower, but it will not be possible to use some household appliances, such as a washing machine or dishwasher, which require more pressure to operate the solenoid valves.
Installing the tank at the same level as the consumer is suitable in cases where it is not possible to raise the tank to the attic or at least to a higher floor. The same applies to installing a storage tank in an apartment. You will need a small pump to supply water under pressure to the water supply. To ensure adequate operation, the pump will require a diaphragm expansion tank.
A storage tank with a membrane is perfect for storing water reserves both when using a centralized water supply system and in an autonomous system. However, it does not require additional equipment or top position. However, its cost is significantly higher than any conventional storage tank, even in combination with a simple pump.
Volume of the tank
In the event of problems with the city water line and a water outage, repair work is usually completed within a day or two. However, accidents also happen on holidays, and in places where quick repairs are simply impossible, then you will have to wait much longer. The optimal supply of water for 2-3 days will be for using the toilet, maintaining personal hygiene and cooking.
For a family of three people, 100 liters per day is enough when using water in economy mode. One wash requires approximately 80 liters of water, more precisely you can find out in the passport for the washing machine. Same for the dishwasher.
It turns out that for 2-3 days when used household appliances you need to look for a storage tank with a volume of at least 500 liters, half a cubic meter.
However, there are a number of restrictions:
- The larger the volume of water and open storage tank, the faster it will begin to become overgrown with sediment. It is not recommended to use containers larger than 200-250 liters in everyday life for long-term storage of water.
- The safety margin of the floor and load-bearing walls should be taken into account. The installation of the tank must be planned at the design stage of the house.
- When using an autonomous water supply, the volume of the storage tank, especially the membrane type, should not exceed the flow rate of the well. If this rule cannot be observed, then the pump must be protected from idle running.
Membrane-type storage tanks are limited in their volume and are not able to release the entire supply of stored liquid. To form a reserve of over 300 liters, you will have to connect several tanks of smaller capacity in parallel to each other.
General connection rules
A water tank is installed on a prepared site: a concrete base tied to the foundation, or a reinforced metal frame from a profiled pipe. The design must withstand one and a half weight of the tank and the water in it when completely filled.
The inlet pipe can be of any suitable diameter, water is supplied under pressure. The outlet pipe and pipe to the water supply system are chosen with a diameter one and a half to two times larger than the cross-section of the main line. The optimal size is 32 mm.
Even the best quality insulation only slows down the decrease in temperature in the tank. To prevent water from freezing when installing the tank in an unheated attic or on the roof, you should use any suitable heating system for the pipes and the tank itself.
With centralized water supply
Any type of connection to a storage tank requires a check valve at the entrance to the house or apartment. It is the valve that will prevent the stored water from flowing back into the pipeline and not to the consumer.
Top connection
The tank is installed under the ceiling of the first floor, on the floor above the bathroom and kitchen, or in the attic. The tank should have a fitting at the top for water supply, another one slightly higher for discharge into the sewer when overflowing, and a fitting at the very bottom for water intake.
After installing the coarse filter of the shut-off valve, meter and check valve, a tee is installed from which the pipe goes to the inlet pipe of the tank; a shut-off valve or controlled valve is installed in front of the fitting.
A shut-off valve is connected to the outlet fitting and the pipe is lowered back to the water supply, to which it is connected via a tee.
A hose for discharging excess is lowered into the sewer or taken outside the house into the front garden or drainage system.
To control the filling, a mechanical valve with a float is used, similar to those used in a toilet cistern.
To use the stored water, just open the outlet valve.
Bottom connection
The connection is made identical to the first option. However, it is necessary to install a pump at the outlet to create additional pressure in the water supply. Before each use of water, you will have to turn on the pump first.
A ready-made pumping station or adding a diaphragm-type expansion tank and pressure switch to the pump will help make life easier.
Bottom connection of storage tank with membrane
To connect the tank, only one pipe is used, connected to the water supply through a tee with a valve. The insertion is also carried out after the filter, meter and check valve.
Before use, the pressure must be adjusted air chamber. This must be done strictly in accordance with the instructions for the selected model. The normal pressure in the water supply system is first studied, taking into account fluctuations during the day. As a result, the average value is taken, which is used to adjust the tank. This is the only way to use the maximum usable volume of the tank.
For autonomous water supply
As with centralized water supply, there are several connection options.
Water tower
The storage tank is installed at a level of 15-20 meters above ground level on a reinforced tower or attic. Water from a well pump or pumping station is supplied directly to the tank, and from it is distributed to the bathroom and kitchen in the house. The pressure in the system is provided by the height difference between the water level in the tank and the mixer tap in the house.
The disadvantage is the constant flow of water through the tank, which will cause sediment to accumulate over time, even if you first install a filter system.
The advantage is the simplicity of the design and the minimum of expensive elements, with the exception of the tower design itself and the mandatory insulation of the tank to protect it from freezing, even when it is placed in the attic.
Bottom connection of storage tank
The tank is installed level with the pumping station or on the first floor of the house. It is filled during normal operation of the pump using water from the well. The limiter is a float switch.
This option saves you in case of excessive water consumption and a decrease in the water level in a well or well. However, it is useless when the electricity is turned off, since a pump is required to supply the end user with water from the reserve.
Membrane storage tank
Diaphragm tank for storing water reserves, it is installed after the pumping station and check valve, with a bottom connection. If the pumping station for some reason does not work and does not maintain pressure in the system, then water comes from the storage tank.
Organization autonomous water supply on suburban area provides the opportunity to enjoy the benefits of civilization regardless of the presence of centralized communications. Most often, in private bathhouses, a cold water supply system is installed from a well or well, and a storage tank is used to ensure water pressure. It is also required to collect reserve water in case of power outages. Where is it better to place a storage tank for cold water so that the bath water supply system works properly and does not create problems for the owners.
Storage tank in autonomous water supply
An individual water supply system with a storage tank is extremely simple. Water from a well or well is pumped by a pump, the type of which depends on the height of the water level in the source. Mostly, country farms use quiet submersible pumps or stations with an ejector and their own hydraulic tank.
A pumping station is good if a country house has its own basement. Or there is enough space on the site to build a shed for its placement, because... This is quite “sounding” equipment. But purchasing a station can save you from installing a storage tank if its built-in tank has a volume sufficient for daily consumption.
Surface pumps are also unattractive in terms of sound interference, but they are significantly cheaper. True, they pump water only from wells and wells with a high water surface or from nearby lakes, ponds, and rivers. For surface pumps, the main thing is that the height difference between the point of water intake from the source and the point of delivery to the storage tank does not exceed 6-7 m, which is extremely rare in reality.
Thanks to the inclusion of a storage tank in the scheme, the water pumped out by the pump does not immediately flow into the taps, tank on the sauna stove, boiler, shower, toilet cistern and other water points. First, water is accumulated in the form of a reserve approximately equal to the volume of the storage tank. The water reserve in the storage tank makes it possible to use several plumbing fixtures simultaneously. Without a supply of water, the normal pressure for use would be in only one open tap, and that’s not a fact.
In an autonomous water storage tank for cold water In theory it functions as a water tower. The water supply also allows you to reasonably limit the number of pump turns on/off, which is absolutely beneficial for any equipment. The storage tank is equipped with a mechanical, electronic or electric float valve so that the pumping equipment does not run in vain, because:
- when the water pumped into the tank reaches the maximum level, the float signals that the pump is turned off;
- when the level drops, a command is given to turn on the pump to replenish the used supply.
This excludes extra work techniques and overflows. Craftsmen Instead of a valve, they contrived to use the float mechanism of the toilet, which simply closes the hole for the flow of water when the required volume is exceeded. The pump can be turned on/off manually or automatically. You will also need a “dry running” relay to stop the pump if the storage tank is completely empty.
In the cold water storage tank there are holes required to connect the pipeline and to ensure normal operation of the system as a whole, these are:
- hole for connecting the supply pipe. Before entering the supply pipe, it is recommended to install a coarse mesh filter to mechanically prevent small animals and large grains of sand from entering the tank;
- a hole for an overflow pipe through which excess water is discharged from the tank into the sewer system. Arrange an overflow a couple of cm below the float valve in case the latter does not work for some reason;
- one or more openings for outgoing pipes supplying the water heater and cold water collection points. They are often located in the lower third of the tank, but there must be at least 10 cm between the bottom of the storage tank and the outlet points so that the inevitable groundwater sediment did not enter the main line;
- a ventilation hole in the lid of the drive, if the lid closes it to prevent dust, insects and other contaminants from entering the container.
The hole for entering the supply pipe is sometimes located in the upper part of the tank opposite the installation location of the float valve. However, in order to completely drain water from the storage tank in order to preserve the autonomous water supply system, it is recommended to place the inlet pipe opening in the lower zone of the tank. It still needs to be equipped with a drain valve. If the lower location of the supply pipe entrance cannot be used for any technical reasons, then to preserve the water supply system with a storage tank, an additional drain hole will be required.
Methods for installing storage tanks
The location of the reserve tank determines the type of water supply wiring and the set of equipment required for trouble-free operation of the cold water supply system of the bathhouse. In low-rise construction, two main options for constructing water pipelines with storage are used, these are:
- top diagram , according to which the reserve tank is installed on the highest possible platform: on a flat roof, a specially constructed overpass, on brackets under the ceiling, a concrete podium inside or outside the building, an attic, etc. The installation height of the storage device in the upper diagram is a parameter taken according to individual technical conditions . Storage tanks for year-round water supply systems must be insulated if they were installed in an unheated room;
- bottom diagram , according to which a cold water tank is buried in the ground in the basement of a building or on a site if water is supposed to be taken from the tank for irrigation and other household needs. To install a year-round water supply, the storage tank is buried below the freezing zone; for a summer water supply, it is enough to position the tank so that there is at least 0.5 m between its upper plane and the earth's surface. You should also provide a lower entry for the incoming pipe and install a drainage device on it.
Often, independent home craftsmen prefer the top scheme. It is easier to build a water pipeline with an upper storage tank with your own hands, and it will not require less expenses than an underground one. Water is distributed to water distribution points by gravity without additional devices stimulating its movement. The only disadvantage of the upper scheme is the rather weak pressure, depending on the installation height of the storage tank. To create a pressure of 0.1 atmosphere, the tank will need to be raised by 1 m, for 0.5 atm. at 5 m. Do not forget that for work, for work washing machine, for example, you need a water column pressure of 1 atm.
A water supply system with a bottom storage tank is sometimes classified as a system with pneumatic capabilities. The pump forces water into the underground container, which compresses the water there. air bag. When the water in the tank reaches a certain level, compressed air will begin to push it upward to the water points. True, the pneumatic capabilities of water pipes with bottom wiring are rarely relied upon. They are too insignificant. Most often, to supply water with stable pressure from the lower storage tank, an additional drain-type submersible pump installed directly into the tank with a float alarm is used.
Optimal material for storage tank
The volume of the storage tank should be equal to one-time water consumption. In this aspect, everyone's preferences differ. Therefore, the acceptable capacity of tanks ranges from 100 to 1000 liters. The requirements for storage tanks for cold water supply determine the upcoming operating conditions. In any case, the container must be sealed, wear-resistant, stable, and inert to chemical and biological contaminants.
The following can be used as a storage device in organizing autonomous water supply:
- a homemade welded tank with or without a lid, if the water quality does not bother summer cottage owners too much;
- factory opaque plastic container, instead of which it is quite acceptable to use Eurocubes connected to each other by pipes;
- a concrete cavity poured into underground or above-ground formwork.
You can weld a tank with your own hands from sheet steel, aluminum, from large-diameter pipe trim. will present a budget alternative metal barrel or an old bathtub with well-preserved enamel, if you plan to organize a temporary summer water supply system with an upper storage tank. You will still need to make a lid with a ventilation hole for it.
The storage material is selected based on its installation location:
- in the upper scheme, a ready-made plastic tank or a metal container of your own making can be used. The structure on which the drive will be installed must first be strengthened, because it will have to support from 100 to 1000 kg of additional weight. If the tank is located outside, it must be carefully attached to the overpass so that after draining the water, the empty tank does not turn over by the wind;
- In the lower scheme of bath water supply with a storage tank, the best choice would be a ready-made container made of food-grade plastic or Eurocubes. A tank with concrete walls is ideal, which can also serve as a protective “shell” for a plastic tank. Concrete protection will protect empty or half empty plastic product from soil pressure. Those. two in one is the perfect choice.
If the owners of a stationary bath water supply with a bottom storage tank leave their beloved estate for several days in winter, the water from the underground reservoir does not need to be drained. It won't bloom because its surroundings resemble a thermos, and it won't freeze because... the tank is below the freezing horizon. But cleaning an underground tank can create problems if the tank is not equipped with a maintenance hatch and the inlet pipe is not installed at the level of the bottom of the tank.
Diaphragm accumulator instead of accumulator
A hydraulic accumulator with a membrane is a high-tech descendant of conventional accumulators. His cost is not very humane, but he solves all issues with the supply, supply of water and ensuring pressure independently. The membrane tank is a metal container divided inside into two parts by an elastic bag-like membrane partition. Air or nitrogen is pumped into one part of the tank. Traditionally, the gaseous medium has a pressure of 2 atmospheres, but it can be adjusted.
When the pump operates, water fills the second part of the container, stretches the membrane and compresses gaseous medium, which, when the tap is opened, pushes water to the points of consumption. When the hydraulic accumulator is filled according to the specified parameters, it automatically turns off the pump. When the tank is emptied and the pressure in the tank concomitantly drops, the automation turns on again pump equipment.
The membrane tank is installed in front of the pipeline branches. It can be installed in a well caisson, in a well pit or directly in a bathhouse. At the entrance to the container there must be a check valve to prevent the pumped water from flowing back into the source, and at the outlet there must be a pressure gauge to check the pressure. To remove air from the system, the hydraulic accumulator is equipped with an automatic valve. The membrane container operates in dynamic mode, so you don’t have to get carried away with its internal volumes being too large.
A membrane-type hydraulic tank is a very useful thing in the household, but not cheap. You should not undertake its installation and configuration without having experience in this matter. Incorrect pressure setting may cause diaphragm rupture. The fastening of a device that vibrates during operation must be very reliable. Without knowledge of the technological intricacies of connection, the tank will disturb you with a rather unpleasant sound. But the manual installation of a conventional storage tank for supplying water to the bathhouse is highly recommended and economically justified.
How to install a simple top drive
Let's look at a common option with the location of the drive in the attic. This means we make it ourselves or choose a container that can fit into the attic hatch or window. Limitations on volume and dimensions are not a problem for those who, during the construction process, thought through the design of the water supply system. Then the container can be installed in advance on the top floor if it does not interfere with the construction of the rafter system.
Now we will look in detail at how to install and connect a cold water tank to a year-round bathhouse:
- we will first strengthen the base by laying it on beams top floor thick boards;
- place the container in its proper place;
- install the float valve. To do this, mark a point, 7-7.5 cm away from the top edge of the container, and cut a hole of the size we need. We insert the valve shank into the formed hole, having previously placed a plastic washer on it. On the other side of the tank wall, first put on the stiffening plate, then the second washer and screw on the nut. We tighten the fasteners and screw the connector to the shank so that the supply pipe can be connected;
- We drill holes for outgoing pipes according to their sizes. WITH inside tank, insert a connector with a plastic washer into each hole. We strengthen the thread by screwing on two or three layers of FUM tape, after which we put on the washer and screw on the nut;
- We install a shut-off valve into each outgoing pipe;
- We make an overflow, for which we mark a point 2-2.5 cm below the marking point of the float valve and drill a hole. The overflow pipe is discharged into the sewer; we attach it to the tank with connectors similar to the previous one;
- We bring pipes to the tank and fix them using the compression method. We attach the newly created sections of the pipeline to walls or beams;
- we fill the reservoir with water to check the tightness of the connections, at the same time we adjust the position of the float in accordance with the position of the overflow;
- We insulate the container by attaching long pieces of polystyrene around the walls or wrapping it in mineral wool.
Video instructions for installing an underground storage tank
In this democratic way you can organize cold water supply with a storage tank for a bathhouse. In essence, these are general recommendations - a kind of food for thought that should be adjusted according to the technical features of the structure.
A storage tank for water supply is a reservoir included in a certain way in the water supply of an apartment, house, or cottage, so as not to experience inconvenience when changing the water supply or pressure in the entire system.
It will eliminate water hammer due to pressure drops in pipes.
The tank also provides water to the residents of the house even in cases of temporary shutdown.
A reservoir for collecting water in reserve (a storage tank for water supply at home) is not necessary for everyone, but only for those home owners who experience regular shortages.
Here are a few situations that require the installation of a storage tank:
- The house or apartment is connected to a centralized water supply system, but the water supply is irregular and is carried out according to a schedule. For example, two hours in the morning and several hours in the evening.
- A country cottage receives water from a well, but it cannot fully meet the needs of its residents and quickly becomes empty.
“Life-giving moisture” is supplied using a pump, but there are problems with the supply of electricity, so the pump is not always useful. You need to “insure yourself” and make a constant supply of water in case of a power outage. - There is a pump, but it works intermittently or cannot cope with pumping required quantity water.
The operating principle of such a device is as follows. First, the pump (pumping station) pumps (injects) water from an accessible source.
When the liquid level reaches the limit, a float (a regulator similar to the one installed in toilet tanks) reacts to this and closes the lever. In this case, the hole is also locked and the pump is turned off.
When you open the water tap or drain the water from the tank, water begins to flow out of the storage tank, and the valve opens slightly again. The pump also turns on and filling begins again.
The device (or rather, the device) turns out to be very simple, but useful when any problems arise with water supply or electricity.
Such a tank is made of stainless metal or food-grade plastic mass (plastic).
The material must be of high quality so that not a single molecule of foreign chemical compounds gets into the water.
After all, it will also be used for food purposes.
In case of possible failure of the float valve, a pipe leading to the sewer is cut into the system so that there is no flood if the float fails.
For additional safety and water purification, one or more filters are inserted into the outlet of the tank (pipe).
In cases of untimely supply of electricity, if available, it may be necessary to install a storage system.
If water does not enter the water supply system in a timely manner, such measures will also help prudent owners of a private house or apartment.
How to choose a water tank
Before choosing a pump, you need to learn a few simple rules that follow from the principles of operation of the storage tank. Here they are:
- The larger the volume of the water tank, the less often the pump will turn on. Conclusion: a large tank is economical.
- If it is small, sudden changes in the pressure of the water bed are inevitable and they will occur more often.
Now negative trait large tanks: they take a long time to fill with water.
As for the shape of the tank, it doesn’t matter whether it is horizontal or vertical, there is no difference in duration.
For an average apartment with differences in water pressure in the tap, it is recommended to choose a tank with a volume of one hundred to two hundred liters. For private houses, especially those with a vegetable garden or some kind of personal plot, the need for clean water increases tenfold.
Therefore, for such farms you will need a tank measuring one and a half thousand liters, and in some cases - five, ten thousand. The larger the tank, the more rational it is to bury it in the ground on the site, since a lot of space is saved.
Tanks for a summer residence may have a distinctive feature - they may not be connected to a centralized water supply system, as there simply isn’t one.
It is important not to install such tanks, which are rather intended for watering plants, in the open sun.
To choose the right size storage tank for water supply to a dacha or apartment, you need to assess the approximate needs of the family and household (if any) for water.
A tank that is too large is just as bad as one that is too small.
After all, waiting more time until the tank is filled is not rational.
More information about the principle of a storage tank for water supply can be seen in the video:
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Everything ingenious is simple! Even in the 21st century, where technological advances are sometimes incredibly difficult to understand, there is a place for simple and ingenious inventions. One of them is a water storage tank.
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In some cases, the owner of a suburban area has to install a simple, but very necessary device - a storage tank for water supply to the dacha.
In essence, this simplest product cannot be called a device, but it can play a very noticeable role in organizing an autonomous water supply system.
What such tanks are made of, how to install and use them - this is the topic of our conversation.
For residents of city apartments, a stable water supply with constant pressure seems to be something that is taken for granted, something that is not worth even thinking about.
But for residents of cottage and dacha settlements, this issue is not always easily resolved.
It's good if there is a reliable and accessible source water - connect a pumping station to it and use it to your heart's content.
But quite often the water supply conditions are not so ideal.
Here are typical situations:
- the house is connected to a centralized water supply, but water is not supplied all the time, but only several times a day;
- organized at the site autonomous water supply, but the well or well has insufficient productivity and quickly empties;
- Water is pumped into the house, but the electricity is often cut off.
Using water supply under such circumstances is a real torment: when water is not needed, it is there; as soon as the need arises, you won’t squeeze out a drop. This is where a storage tank comes in handy, acting as a battery. Its function is quite simple: during the period of minimal water consumption, it will gradually stock up on water, and during the hours maximum flow- supply it to the water supply network.
In a suburban area you cannot do without a well - water supply is necessary for household needs and watering the garden. — design technology, which determines the depth and types of well construction with your own hands.
Which pump to choose for a well for a summer residence and country house, let's consider.
Video on the topic
Every owner of a private home sooner or later thinks about installing autonomous system water supply The fact is that the majority country cottages for many years it has not been done centralized system water supply. As a result, home owners have only two options: install a storage tank or continue to carry water in a bucket.
Of course, the romance of country life has its merits. But the lack of water in the house does not apply to them. This is a huge drawback that spoils all the pleasure of staying in a private home. The installation of a water supply system with a storage tank changes the situation radically.
You braid the house with pipes and get hot water wherever needed. True, for this to become a reality, it is necessary to install a boiler in the water supply system of a private house with a storage tank.
Purpose of the storage tank
This device cannot be called too complicated. Nevertheless, it is indispensable in the water supply system of a private home. As the name suggests, the storage tank is used to store water. Imagine a situation where you still have water supplied to your dacha, to your private home. But the supply in such towns is always unstable. This is where the reservoir comes into play.
Important ! The storage tank can hold a large amount of water and maintain a stable pressure 24 hours a day.
The very principle of operation of a storage tank in the water supply system of a private house is interesting. You don't have to turn anything on or worry about running out of water in the kitchen because the device will take it all up. The tank was very cleverly designed. It stores water little by little, creating a reserve supply for critical situations.
What are the types of water supply systems for private houses with storage tanks?
Tank at the top
In this water supply scheme for a private house, the storage tank is mounted on the second or third floor. You can also install the tank in the attic. The operating principle is the same as that of a water tower.
When installing a storage tank at the top of the water supply system of a private house, water will flow through the pipes by gravity. This, in turn, will save you a lot of energy and allow you to save on long utility bills.
Important ! This tank is extremely easy to maintain.
Separately, we need to talk about the force of pressure. Despite the fact that the water flows by gravity, the pressure cannot be called particularly strong. More precisely, it directly depends on the height at which the tank is located.
For example, if the container is located at a height of about 10 meters, the pressure will be 1 atm. To simplify the calculations, let’s take a three-story house. Let the height of each floor be three meters. When installing a tank on the roof of the third floor, the pressure on the first floor will be exactly one atmosphere.
The main disadvantage of this system is that with each floor the pressure will be lower and lower. And below. As a result, on the second floor it will be about 0.6 atm, and on the third floor even less. Although if you are going to install taps only on the first one, this is more than enough.
Important ! The tank takes up useful space.
Very often, the attic at the dacha is used to store things dear to the heart that one simply does not dare throw away. Besides modern technologies allow you to make an excellent room from the attic floor with all the amenities. True, this will require insulation and waterproofing, but the result is worth it.
Advice ! If you have plans for the attic, then don't give up on them for an overhead tank. Just take it outside the house to the overpass.
Location below
If you want to make the most of all the space available inside a private home, you will need just such a water supply system. Moreover, even from the outside the container will not take up even an inch of land.
Tell me, is this impossible? It's actually quite simple. The reservoir is buried in the ground and from here the water supply to a private home is realized. The container does not need to be buried deep. Half a meter will be enough.
You can safely grow flowers on top of the tank. A private home's water supply system dug into the ground will not harm them in any way. The capacity of the container is not limited by anything. But you must remember that a large volume takes longer to accumulate, and accordingly, water intake on especially hot summer days can become critical.
Important ! When choosing a container, you need to take into account the thickness of the water layer and its capabilities, as well as the needs of your subsidiary household.
Unfortunately, the lower location of the water supply system of a private house has its disadvantages. The most significant is the need to purchase a pumping station, which means additional energy costs in the future.
Underground tanks in water supply systems of private houses are made of special materials that can withstand increased moisture and even freezing. However, breakdowns sometimes happen, and then it is extremely difficult to restore the system. After all, the reservoir is buried underground.
Important ! In order for the water tank to serve you for a long time, the soil must be insulated. This will prevent frost from affecting the structure.
Place the tank in the ground
Installing a tank for water supply in a private home begins with choosing a suitable location for installing the product. It is desirable that the design of the container has round shape. Please pay Special attention on the stiffening ribs, without them it will not be possible to install the device properly.
If you buy a storage tank of any other shape and without ribs. About him correct installation you will have to take extra care. For this you will need a concrete shell. This will ensure reliable fixation in the ground.
There should be a special hole at the top of the structure. It is best done in the form of a hatch. It is necessary in order to carry out an audit from time to time, looking at the condition of the storage tank of the water supply system of a private house from the inside.
Important ! The storage tank must be installed with an inclination of no more than 15 degrees. This will make cleaning much easier, since sediment will accumulate just under the hatch.
Installing and connecting the storage tank
On inlet pipe storage tank for a private house, it is necessary to install a float valve. You also need to think about an overflow pipe in case the float valve breaks. It will insure the system against liquid overflow.
Important ! Provided that the water is taken from your own source, via a pump, take care of the float switch.
At the entrance to the storage tank for private building you need to install a filter. They come in three types:
- centrifugal,
- cyclone,
- mesh.
Perhaps, the best option for a storage tank of a private house is exactly strainer. Its price is relatively low, and its efficiency is more than enough to purify not particularly contaminated water. The remaining two types are needed when the liquid has high level pollution.
It is best to fill the tank through a diffuser. This precaution will prevent sediment from rising and entering the water supply. A pipe cuts into the storage structure from above. It will act as ventilation.
Important ! The pipe opening should be directed downwards, and a special mesh should be secured to prevent debris from entering the system.
The main role when connecting the water supply system of a private house with a storage tank is played by the pump. They are the ones responsible for delivering water to the end consumer.
Important ! The suction line must have check valve. It is installed on the pipeline leading to the house.
Of course, when connecting you cannot do without such important elements water supply systems for a private house with a storage tank, such as:
- water level sensor,
- float switch,
- protection relay.
All these elements in the water supply system of a private home must be ideally combined with each other, and then everything will work perfectly.
The pump is connected to the pipeline via reinforced hose. More often outside diameter pipe is 32 mm, but exceptions are possible. The pipeline goes to the storage tank.
In some cases in private homes, storage tanks installed between floors. In such cases, you need a flooring made of strong boards. This will distribute the load as evenly as possible.
Connecting the expansion tank
The expansion tank is slightly different from the storage tank. It is also called a hydraulic accumulator. The role of this device is to compensate for the pressure inside the system.
Important ! A volume change membrane is installed in the tank itself, which ensures normal operation of the water supply. A similar device is installed in heating systems.
If the expansion tank for the water supply system of a private house open type— it is installed at the very top. Closed type structures must be installed in front of the circulation pump. This is the most suitable place.
When connected, the coolant is supplied from above. Also, the system must have a pressure gauge and safety valve. Without this, the heat and water supply in a private house will not be able to function normally.
Results
It is difficult to overestimate the importance of storage tanks for water supply systems of private houses. They allow you not to depend on the stability of the water supply all year round. In addition, due to the simplicity of the design, they are easy to install.
Expansion tanks for private houses additionally perform the functions of protection against water hammer and are most often used in heating systems. The best solution for a private house is membrane type devices.
