Which plaster is better, mechanized or manual? What is the difference between machine-applied plaster and hand-applied plaster? Advantages of machine plaster

Mechanized plaster for walls appeared not so long ago, but this type of repair work has taken a strong position, having proven itself from the best side. Before you start plastering, you need to familiarize yourself with how the work is carried out and whether it is rational to independently carry out such a scrupulous task.

There is no doubt about the quality of work done by professionals. Choose companies that have many positive feedback. One of the companies with a good reputation is Shtukaturim.rus.

What is it?

There is no such thing as mechanized plaster when it comes to dry mixtures for plastering. However, plaster solutions are universal, suitable for both manual and machine methods.

If we talk about mechanized plastering as a way of working, then people try to simplify their life as much as possible, and the construction industry is no exception. Machines have completely replaced manual labor in many areas, and it is no wonder that there is a desire to somehow make the hard work of plastering walls or ceilings easier. Thus was born the idea of building a mechanism that could perform the most unpleasant and labor-intensive aspects of plastering work.

Mechanical plastering is the same process of plastering walls, but using special machines that make all the work much faster and easier. Thus, applying plaster by machine takes 5-6 times less time than by hand, while the quality of the work is a level higher.

Execution plastering works using special equipment requires not only the presence of this equipment itself, but also special knowledge and skills. For an unprepared person, it is better not to undertake this, since the likelihood that everything will work out the first time is extremely low.

Ideally, automated plastering should be carried out by a team of professionals, since it is impossible to cope with a plastering machine alone.

Peculiarities

Total for application automatic method Two types of plaster compositions are used:

gypsum based;
cement-sand mixtures.

Depending on the type of composition, the set also varies characteristic features, pros and cons. Thus, gypsum plaster is more in demand in the modern market. Many are attracted by its aesthetic side - pleasant white after drying.

However, the advantage of the composition is not limited to external properties alone:

Since gypsum acts as the main element in such plasters, they can safely be classified as environmentally friendly clean materials, since gypsum is of completely natural origin.
The gypsum plaster layer weighs very little, which greatly lightens the load on the surface.
After drying, the gypsum mixture does not shrink or deform. This logically leads to the fact that cracks do not appear on the walls: the surface remains smooth and neat.

Another important factor is the high porosity of the material. Thus, when wet, water quickly evaporates from the surface, and wetting itself does not lead to the development of mold fungi.
The heat and sound insulating qualities of the gypsum plaster layer are also important. It conceals sounds passing through the wall from neighboring rooms, thereby increasing the overall soundproofing background of the apartment or house.
Gypsum helps regulate the indoor microclimate by absorbing moisture from the air.
Treatment with gypsum plasters is indicated in cases where it is necessary to reduce the risk of fire, since the material is not very flammable.

The disadvantages include the high cost of materials compared to sand-cement mortars, but it is worth considering that the consumption of gypsum plaster is less. And also using the gypsum option in conditions of high humidity is not the best idea: the plaster may peel off.

As for cement-based plaster compositions, they also have their pros and cons. First you need to stop at positive aspects Oh:

As for strength, the cement option is best choice. It is reliable, allowing less frequent repairs and reconstruction of the plaster layer.
Cement-based plaster adheres well to the surface. There is no need to specially prepare the base for plaster, take some special measures. She will still stick to him well and become whole.
Cement mortars tolerate high humidity well, so they can be used for finishing rooms such as the bathroom, for example. But also thanks to this property they can be applied outside the house.
Finally, compared to gypsum, cement mixtures are not as expensive due to the low cost of the materials included in their composition.

There are many disadvantages of cement-sand plasters:

They cannot be applied to every material. They are not “friendly” with plastic and wood; painted surfaces are also a bad option.
since the material weighs quite a lot, they first check whether the wall can withstand the weight of such a plaster layer. To do this, you need to perform special calculations.
After applying the plaster, it is necessary to carry out work on puttying and leveling the surface.
The disadvantages include long term drying time of the solution is approximately a month.

In general, mixtures for mechanized application of any type do not have any special differences. The faction can be any. The machine is pre-set for a particular solution or mixture.

Specifics of the method

Like every type of construction work, mechanical plastering of walls has its pros and cons. It is best to start considering the specific features with the advantages of the method:

Automatic application of plaster differs from manual application in the amount of material consumption. So, per 1 m2 mechanically approximately 13 kg applied, and 16 kg by hand. If you consider that you need to apply at least three layers, the difference will be significant.
All processes are greatly simplified. Now you don’t need to mix the solution or constantly prepare new portions. Human labor has practically been replaced by machine labor.

Due to the fact that mixing is carried out in a constant mode, and even water is supplied automatically, the solution is homogeneous. This will ensure that it does not crack or warp over time.
Applying plaster using a machine is much faster. Thanks to this, the plaster dries evenly. There is no “Dalmatian” effect: it’s dried out here, it’s set there, but here it’s still completely damp. Because of this, there are no joints, and the plaster layer is monolithic.
Some work that is usually carried out after plastering is no longer necessary. These include, for example, puttying.

Since the walls are already perfectly smooth, there is no need to putty them.

In addition to the above, the hardware method also has several disadvantages:

The high cost of equipment has an impact. For independent use, purchasing it is irrational, as is renting. In terms of cost, hiring a team of workers working using this technology will cost the same amount.
To operate the machine you need two people, as well as one more person who will level the wall.

If you decide to do mechanical plastering yourself, you still won’t be able to do it.

Types of work

Mechanical plaster is used everywhere. There is no one area that this technology would be limited. The only limitation is temperature regime. Do not carry out work outside in winter. The surface should not be colder than 20 degrees. And this requirement is determined more by the specifics of the solutions used, and not by the hardware method itself.

The mechanical plastering method is successfully used for both external and interior work. The only thing worth remembering is which mixture to use and where. If both compositions are acceptable for interior work, then only cement is suitable for facing, since only it has the required set of characteristic qualities. It is worth considering each of the areas in more detail in order to better understand the specifics of working with mechanized plastering in certain conditions.

Interior work

As mentioned above, both types of plaster are suitable for interior work. It is logical that a gypsum-based solution turns out to be the best, due to its positive properties, as well as the fact that it is easier to work with. Fewer layers will be required.

Both a plus and a minus at the same time is that gypsum dries very quickly, so working with it requires efficiency. It will be necessary to wash the equipment immediately after applying the layer, otherwise it will be almost impossible to clean the gypsum plaster from the machine.

Before applying the plaster mixture mechanized way All the same preparation will be required as for manual. The walls will need to be primed or moistened with water. Only after this can you proceed directly to spraying the plaster composition.

When working with cement-sand plaster, it may be necessary to first apply a mounting mesh to ensure that the plaster layer stays in place. This is especially true for bases with almost zero adhesion, for example, monolithic concrete.

Facing coating

Work outdoors should only be carried out at above-zero temperatures. This is due not only to the fact that the surface must be prepared, but also to comfort. Whatever one may say, mechanical plastering is hard physical work, and the workers performing the application and leveling must feel comfortable.

Only cement plaster is suitable for cladding. Working with it requires preliminary debugging of the machine. It is important to take into account that there are fragments of a large fraction, so all settings must be set according to the data indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging. This especially applies to decorative options, for example, bark beetle plaster.

In addition to for what work which composition is used, it is important to know in what forms they are sold. Both ready-made and dry plasters are available for sale.

With the help of special equipment you can work with both.

Applying dry mixture

The beauty of the mechanized method is that it allows you to completely eliminate manual labor in relation to diluting and applying the mixture. Before starting work with dry mix, it is important to ensure that the machine has access to running water and electrical network. To power it, a voltage of 220 W is sufficient.

The work is carried out as follows: The dry mixture is added to a specially provided container, then the machine independently mixes the solution in accordance with the specified parameters. Thus, the plaster is mixed constantly, and the solution turns out to be homogeneous, airy, and of the same consistency.

This method of work is considered more preferable, since it is cheaper, but the quality of the solution is no worse than when buying a ready-made solution.

Walls treated in this way have flat surface, suitable for painting or wallpaper even without further processing.

Treatment with ready-made solutions

Unlike the previous method, in this case the work is carried out using a liquid solution. Here you will only need to take care of connecting to the electrical network. No water supply is needed here. The solution will be constantly stirred, so it will not set ahead of time.

Both methods are suitable for working not only with walls, but also with floors. For example, using a mechanized method, you can make semi-dry or wet screed floors and also plaster the ceilings. The specificity of the solution supply allows this.

The walls will have to be prepared manually:

do sagging;
install beacons.

Plastering using the mechanical method only allows you to apply the composition, but not to align the walls in any way.

In general, much less time will be spent on leveling the walls, since the most labor-intensive process - application - is automated.

Necessary equipment and tools

For mechanical plastering you will need not only directly plaster mixture, but also special tools and technology. The simplest thing you can do is contact specialists who have special machines for spraying plaster. They will carry out all the work quickly and with virtually no waste. What’s noteworthy is that this option is usually cheaper.

If you or your friends have some equipment for applying plaster mechanically, and they are ready to lend them to you free of charge, it will be easier for you to do all the work yourself. However, it is worth keeping in mind that this will require some knowledge about the selected tool: an understanding of the specifics of its operation, its structure, as well as the difficulties that plastering may involve when using the unit.

Plastering machines and stations

If you have someone to borrow a plastering machine from, you can consider yourself lucky. Renting such a device will cost a pretty penny, besides, it may take some time to adapt to a new application method, and not all work can be done correctly. However, plastering using this method most preferable, because the plastering station produces an even monolithic layer, and the walls turn out almost flawless.

There are two types of machines - screw and pneumatic. In the first case, the supply of solution is fully automated. The finished mixture passes through the pipe under high pressure and is fed into the sprayer. In the second case, work is carried out already with ready-made solution, which is supplied to the sprayer under pressure. The machine itself cannot mix the solution.

Pneumopath-hopper

The hopper pneumatic shovel is the simplest tool available and the cheapest. In fact, plastering itself is not carried out here - the material is simply thrown onto the surface using this unit, and all further work must be done manually. However, the pneumoshovel also has positive traits: for example, the ability to work with materials of different fractions and different hardness.

Working with the device does not require special knowledge. The conductor handle is connected to the compressor, after which the solution is filled into the bucket. Pointing it at the wall, you just need to spray. Labor productivity is approximately 60 sq. m per hour of work.

There are hopper pneumatic shovels for both walls and ceilings. The difference lies in the shape of the buckets used.

Pneumatic pistol

A cartouch air gun is perhaps the most inconvenient of all mechanical devices for applying plaster. It is a unit that really looks like a pistol, with a large solution container attached to the top. This is precisely what causes the difficulties in work: it is very difficult to constantly hold such a weight on outstretched arms.

As in the previous case, a compressor hose is attached to the pistol handle, which helps supply the solution under high pressure. The use of a cartouche air gun is only possible when processing walls. There is no such mechanism for ceilings.

In addition to the above, there are even less common tools for mechanized plastering that have not found their fans. These include a plastering robot, for example.

Well-known manufacturers and reviews

Many companies produce plaster mixtures and ready-to-apply solutions. Sadly, not all of them produce quality products. Both gypsum and cement-sand plasters are presented in a wide variety, but only a few companies, especially in the Russian Federation, have acquired a reputation as trustworthy manufacturers.

There are no specialized plasters intended exclusively for cars., so it makes sense to consider the highest quality plasters in general. Below is a list of companies that produce both gypsum mixtures, and cement-sand. Some of them still indicate on the packaging that the product is suitable for machine use, but in fact it is universal. The only possible difference may be the addition of various additives and plasticizers, which speed up the setting and drying time.

This means that without proper work experience, it is almost impossible to apply such plaster correctly in the shortest possible time.

"Prospectors"

The company "Starateli" has focused on the production and sale of dry mixtures for mechanized application. The company believes that one of the most important properties of mechanized plaster is that it does not damage the machine. So, the solution should be washed out well and not clog into key parts of the equipment.

As for diversity, they offer not only gypsum and cement plasters, but also specialized cement-sand mixtures, developed taking into account the specifics of facade work. Additives are added to the compositions, which prevent the plasters from “setting” for 30 minutes, and also make them more plastic.

In addition to wall samples, the Prospectors company produces options for floors, which are also intended for mechanized use. There are compositions that can be applied in different layers: 30-80 mm for screed, 5-30 mm for leveling and 5-80 mm - a combined version.

"Osnovit"

Unlike the previous company, Osnovit did not take it upon itself to declare its plaster mixtures as specialized, focused only on machine work. Only universal dry plasters are produced, suitable for both manual and machine work.

The “trick” of this manufacturer is that it offers separate plaster mixtures for each layer. So, there is plaster for spraying - preliminary sealing of all cracks and dents on the base, a thin-layer version and a facade one. IN various colors gypsum samples are offered. There is both gray and white. Among other things, the emphasis is on eliminating the shortcomings of plastering materials. In particular, a lightweight cement variety is offered.

All products for mechanized work are suitable for different substrates, some do not require subsequent puttying.

"Volma"

The Volma company was one of the first in Russia to begin producing plasters and other materials suitable for machine spraying. Today the company's product range is quite impressive. There are plasters suitable for application along strings, some for application along beacons, and there are those that are excellent for working without a beacon.

Like others, the company offers both cement and gypsum dry plaster mixtures with a longer setting time. Here it can be up to 60 minutes versus 30 minutes from other manufacturers. It is important to note that the plastering materials from this manufacturer are suitable for machine application to both wall surfaces and ceilings. There are plasters of various fractional sizes, but maximum size particles usually do not exceed 1.25 mm.

The company states that full cycle work with its materials is no more than 2 days.

Knauf

This German company was one of the founders machine application various building mixtures as such. She did not stop at producing only plasters, offering consumers also machine putty. The MP and MN lines are positioned as intended for use exclusively by machines, and the company recommends choosing their own devices for this - PFT.

Plaster mixtures differ from each other in the degree of adhesion to substrates, however, the manufacturer guarantees good adhesion even with an unprepared surface. You can plaster different surfaces: brick, concrete, gas and foam blocks, wood and wooden slabs. Information about which plaster is intended for what is available on the packaging.

Having touched on the topic of manufacturers about whom the best reviews were given, it is impossible not to mention the plastering machines themselves. The best equipment It is supplied from Germany, but there is also a good Russian company.

Knauf (Germany)

The company supplies equipment under the trade name PFT. Plastering machines are small in size, but this does not affect their power in any way. In particular, the equipment also differs in power, supplying a constantly mixing solution under high pressure. This allows the plaster to be applied in hard to reach places, for example, slightly taller than human height.

The machines have a structure that completely eliminates the formation of dust, so all work will be completed with minimal losses and with minimal required cleaning in the future. The supply can be carried out at a distance of up to 150 m. The units are usually controlled by two people: the operator who monitors the serviceability of the machine and adds the dry mixture, and the one who directly applies the plaster to the walls.

The machines are on wheels, which makes them easier to move around the room when processing large areas.

Putzmeister (Germany)

This manufacturer does not present ordinary plastering machines, but entire small-sized stations. Each of them can be configured to work with compositions of different fractions up to 3 mm. Today there are two models: Putzmeister MP 25 and Putzmeister MP 15.

Putzmeister MP 25- a model that has been known for a long time. It can often be found among teams that professionally spray plaster using a mechanized method. To work with such a station, special training will be required, since managing it is not an easy task. Suitable for both outdoor and indoor use.

Putzmeister MP 15– a new car that appeared not so long ago. It differs from its predecessor in size and power. So, this option is somewhat more compact and can also work with plasters of large fractions (up to 3 mm). The device is easier to operate than the Putzmeister MP 25.

The price is still high, so you should not purchase such equipment for private use.

M-Tec (Germany)

The advantage of machines from this manufacturer is their intuitive operation. Here you do not have to acquire any special knowledge or skills in order to operate the equipment. The only thing you need to do is get used to applying the plaster with a sprayer under high pressure.

At all, M-Tec equipment is positioned as suitable for start-up companies, whose employees do not yet master all the techniques machine plaster. The functionality of the samples can be called limited, but all necessary operations can be performed. The prices are quite low compared to other samples - approximately 400,000 rubles for a plastering station. Again, a team and independent purchase of plaster materials will cost much less.

Finally, the last of the best, judging by the reviews of the samples, is a car from Russia.

"Afalina" (Russia)

Afalina stations are universal. They are intended not only for plastering walls, but also for pouring floors, as well as treating ceilings. The functionality and power are at the same level as their foreign counterparts, but there is one important difference - size. So, the Afalina cars are much larger. This causes some difficulties when working with it: more people are needed to service it.

Due to the fact that the machine is more labor-intensive to maintain and operate, and the price is not much lower than foreign models, hiring a team working on such equipment is usually more expensive than paying for the services of a company with foreign stations available. Therefore, this sample is not very popular, and it can be found quite rarely.

But the quality of mechanized plaster made using this unit does not suffer.

Application methods and technology

When carrying out work using a special plastering machine, you must adhere to a certain sequence of actions.

First, the walls need to be cleaned. Experts advise using a special metal brush.
Next, the base needs to be wetted. This is done using a primer or plain water.
Then they begin to prepare the equipment: connect it in accordance with the instructions, adjust it to the existing plaster composition.

Now you can proceed directly to the application itself. Classic way– applying the composition from top to bottom in stripes, when each new strip is applied so as to half cover the previous one.
If possible, you can use the bottom-up method. The overlap of the strips should be the same.
After the solution has set, it must be smoothed with a construction mesh float.
When the solution is completely dry (the hardening time is indicated on the packaging), you can proceed to subsequent finishing: for example, puttying the walls or painting.

Experts give some advice regarding the selection and use of mechanical plaster.

Pay attention to the uniformity of the composition. There should be no lumps in it.
Under no circumstances should you purchase plaster for mechanical application if it is intended solely for manual use.
All work must be carried out at a temperature from +5 to +30 degrees, otherwise the mixture will change its technical characteristics.

You can clearly see the process of mechanized plastering in the video below.

Customers often ask about the advantages and disadvantages of mechanized plastering over the traditional method, so we decided to write this article for you.

What is mechanized plaster?

Mechanical plaster is an improved method of leveling walls.

How to plaster by hand?

The walls are primed and beacons are installed to control the thickness of the plaster layer.
A solution of the plaster mixture is made in a special container using a mixer.
The worker picks up the plaster mixture with a bucket, carries it to the wall, applies the mixture to the walls manually, and levels it with a rule.

With mechanized plastering, the stages from preparing the mixture to applying it to the wall are automated.
A plastering station is installed and the plaster mixture is poured into it. The station independently prepares the solution, the master takes a hose and applies the plaster mixture to the wall under pressure, after which it levels it out.

Pros and cons of mechanized wall plastering.

1. Speed of applying plaster.
With a mechanized method of working in one-room apartment can be completed in 2 days. With the traditional method, the work will have to take up to 10 days, although the work can be sped up by hiring several craftsmen at the same time, but as a rule, the cost of the work also increases.
Thus, mechanized application of plaster is 4-5 times faster than manual application of plaster.
2. Savings.
Mechanized plaster allows you to save on putty work, after traditional way you need to apply 2-3 layers, with mechanized application you need one layer or, as often happens, no application at all is necessary if the master selects the right material and when selecting high-density wallpaper.
Also, the mixture itself for mechanized application costs 30-40% less than the same mixture for manual application.
As a result, savings with a wall area of about 100 sq.m. is up to 18,000 rubles.

Disadvantages of mechanized plaster.
1. Difficulty in lifting equipment.
The equipment for mechanized plastering is quite large, and if you have a narrow elevator, then climbing to the floor will be problematic or impossible at all.
Thus, determining the pros and cons of mechanized plastering of walls, the predominance of positive aspects is clear, but we should not forget about the professionalism of the workers.

Plaster – universal method preparing walls for decorative finishing. Today, for such work, many compounds are used, which are quite difficult to apply manually. To speed up this process, many specialists use automated devices. This approach has many nuances and advantages that you need to learn about in advance.

Peculiarities

Power plastering is a relatively new method of applying mortar to walls. It is based on the use of special devices capable of supplying the mixture under a certain pressure through special pipelines.

Technically, this procedure involves the use of different types of engines and compressors.

But the quality of application to walls mechanically depends on several criteria:

Surface adhesion. Some types of walls cannot be covered with plaster without preliminary preparation. Concrete, brick or walls made of various types of aerated blocks are perfect for such work.
Consistency of the solution. This factor is one of the most important. The mixture should not be too thick, as this will increase the load on the engines and may lead to their failure.

Machine application is much better than hand plastering.

If you use the classical approach, it takes a relatively long time. In this case, the old plaster is already drying while the new one has not yet gained strength.

Using automatic application, you can obtain a layer of solution that is almost identical in condition, which is much easier to work with in the future.

Mechanized plaster is a universal approach that allows you to process various types of surfaces:

walls and ceiling;
door or window slopes;
decorative arches;
external walls of buildings.

Machine processing is a universal way to obtain high-quality surface for relatively short terms.

Pros and cons

Today, mechanized plasters are gradually replacing manual application of mortars. This is due to several significant advantages of such work:

High performance. Modern market represents automatic devices capable of using at least 1 cu. m of solution per hour. Depending on the thickness of the layer, you can easily plaster walls up to 40-60 m2 in one shift.
Application quality. Plaster “guns” apply mortar much better than conventional scooping. Initially, the surface is almost flat and requires only minor adjustments, which can also be done by automated systems.

Formation of strong adhesion between the solution and the base. This is achieved due to the uniform distribution of layers and a uniform supply rate of the solution. With this approach, the solution can penetrate almost all the cracks, filling them almost completely. It is almost impossible to achieve this using manual methods.
Relatively low costs. Several people can apply the mixture. To achieve such productivity manually, it would be necessary to increase the number of workers several times, which would greatly affect financial costs.

Reduced plastering costs. This is achieved due to the fact that the mixture lies evenly on the wall. Almost all of the product is used for its intended purpose, allowing you to cover a much larger area than with a manual approach. According to user reviews using automatic devices you can reduce consumption by about 1.5 times.
Relatively low cost of plasters. This indicator may differ depending on the manufacturer and the structure of the wall surface on which the compounds are applied.
No puttying. The cement mortar fills all the cracks well, which eliminates pre-treatment walls

Using a mechanical approach when applying plasters allows you to simplify repair tasks. But mechanized plaster is not universal method, as it has several significant disadvantages:

High cost of equipment. Therefore, in domestic construction this method is quite rare. But if you are engaged in this activity professionally, then the tool will pay for itself very quickly. For one-time plastering, it is better to hire specialists who already have all the necessary equipment.
High device performance requires constant supply of water and mixtures. Therefore, it is advisable to have a water connection so as not to stop the process halfway.
Strict adherence to recommendations when preparing mixtures. If you decide to add some kind of admixture yourself, then there is no guarantee that the device will be able to effectively apply the resulting solution.

Modern mechanized devices for applying plasters are universal solution. This led to their widespread use in many construction sites, where wall processing can be carried out at several points at once.

Mixtures

The main parameter on which the quality of the treated surface depends is the plaster mixture. Conventionally, they can be divided into dry and wet. The second type of product is used by large construction companies. They purchase a ready-made mixture, which is delivered to them using concrete mixers. But the main ones on the market today are dry mixtures, which allow you to create plaster yourself.

Depending on the composition, dry products can be divided into 2 large groups:

Unique property Gypsum plasters have a high drying rate.

This allows you to obtain a high-quality surface for decorative finishing within a few days after application.

The mixtures have high porosity, reducing solution consumption several times compared to cement compositions. When applied using automatic devices, you can get an almost perfectly smooth surface that requires minimal processing.

Cement-sand plasters. Universal mixtures that can be applied to almost any surface. Since the substance tolerates temperature changes and exposure to water well, many people use it to decorate the facades of houses.

If you are planning to build a swimming pool, then this type of plaster will also be the best option.

The modern market offers many types of dry and semi-dry mixtures. Among all this diversity, several popular brands should be highlighted:

"Prospectors"

A gypsum-based mixture characterized by high adhesive properties. Intended for application on various types of surfaces, among which brick, concrete and foam block are optimal.

Among positive qualities You can highlight the solution’s ability to pass air and retain heat inside the house.

The manufacturer indicates that the composition can be used as finishing mixtures.

"Osnovit"

Another representative of gypsum plasters, perfect for interior decoration. The fine-grained structure of the components allows the solutions to be applied to the walls in a layer about 1 cm thick. In this case, the product consumption will not exceed 9 kg/m2. The plaster is suitable for treating walls and ceilings.

The material also has high vapor permeability and good thermal insulation characteristics.

"Knauf"

The company is one of the leaders in the production of mixtures for finishing various surfaces. It should be noted gypsum plasters, which contain various polymer impurities.

Among the features of the material are high plasticity, as well as adhesion to various surfaces.

The color range of mixtures includes not only gray, but also pink shades.

"Volma"

One of the leaders of domestic production. Produces high-quality gypsum plasters for mechanical application.

Products by technical specifications practically not inferior to the products of the previous manufacturer. Among the features of plaster is its rapid drying.

The manufacturer claims that you can start grouting the walls after 4 hours after application.

After this treatment, the surface is ready for painting or wallpapering. The outer layer is practically indistinguishable from bases coated with special putty compounds.

Please note that almost no one produces cement-based mixtures. Technically, this is not necessary, since such plaster is quite easy to obtain. It is necessary to mix high-quality sand and cement in certain proportions to obtain the desired consistency of the solution.

Equipment

Plaster is applied using special mechanized devices. Depending on the method of supplying the solution, they can be divided into 2 main groups:

Screw apparatus. The main element of the system is a screw, which is capable of capturing the solution and moving it in a certain direction. These machines can be compared to classic meat grinders. But they are distinguished by great power and performance. A hose is connected to this system, which is supplied to the point of work.
Pneumatic devices- it's relative simple designs. The main tool here is a hopper (bucket), to which a hose with compressed air is connected. Spraying is carried out due to the high speed of gas, which pushes the solution through one or more holes. The disadvantage of this device is that the plaster must be prepared separately and in large quantities at once. Some devices are not convenient and practical. Therefore, their use is justified for domestic conditions.

All of these devices can be used to apply the mixture to walls or floors.

Let us consider in more detail the principle of operation of the screw apparatus:

The solution is poured into a special mixing compartment. Please note that you can use both already prepared products and individual components. The amount of liquid and all other products must exactly correspond to the recommendations of the manufacturer or specialists.
The system then delivers these components inside the mixer. Mixing occurs inside it over a certain period of time.
When the composition is ready, it is captured by the auger and fed into the hose. There is created high blood pressure, causing the solution to move towards the exit. Once on the sprayer, the plaster comes out at a certain speed and sticks to the base.

Please note that all these processes are fully automated, and the operator only needs to connect a water hose to the system and timely fill in the components of the future solution.

Today on the market there are several popular branded mechanisms for applying plasters:

Knauf. The machines of this company are compact. Their main purpose is to apply plaster. But they can also be used for painting.
Bottlenose dolphin. A striking representative of this brand can be considered the ShM-30 model, which can work with various types solutions. Therefore, with its help you can not only plaster walls or ceilings, but also fill floors.

UShM-150– a small mechanism for plastering, which is recommended for use when it is necessary to level the bases. Some modifications can also work with paints.
PFT Ritmo– a modern device that can be used even in small spaces. The system is versatile, since it is intended not only for plastering, but also for puttying or painting.

Application process

Operating automated machines is a relatively simple operation.

The technology for applying plaster using such devices consists of the following successive steps:

Surface preparation. Solutions must be applied to relatively clean substrates. It is advisable to begin preparation by removing deck grease, assembly adhesive and concrete sagging.
It is important that they do not form protrusions greater than 1 cm in height. All brick and aerated concrete walls Needs additional primer. For this, experts recommend using deep penetration mixtures.
If there are many cracks on the surface of the base, then they must be additionally reinforced with metal mesh. This should be done in accordance with the recommendations of specialists.

Installation of beacons. They are needed to get a perfectly flat surface in one plane. This procedure begins with a quality assessment wall base. You can find out deviations using a string and a long level.
Having determined maximum height protrusion on a specific plane, all beacons should be attached. They are fixed using the same solution. To do this, several point tubercles are placed on the surface, to which the beacon is attached.
Equipment adjustment. If you are using a regular hopper, then you only need to prepare the solution correctly. In the case of automatic machines, you must first set the required percentage of the components to be mixed. Some models provide the ability to change and productivity.

To plaster surfaces by machine, machine stations and hand-held machines are used. These devices can be based on different operating principles, which affects the speed and efficiency of their operation. In the article we will look at the details and features of the mechanical plastering process.

Mechanical plastering of walls

Finishing walls and ceilings through plastering can be a costly process that requires manual labor.

However, it is possible to simplify and speed up the process of performing such an operation by using a mechanized method. It involves the use of specialized equipment that will result in a flawless surface.

Peculiarities

One of the main features is that some modern devices make it possible not only to carry out the plastering operation, but also a number of preparatory work on surface treatment. In some cases, this makes it possible to eliminate or minimize the need for manual labor and the use of small-scale mechanization.

What equipment is offered for automated plastering?

There are only two basic principles of machine application: jet and mechanized. In addition, the jet type is divided into two more categories: screw and pneumatic.

Installation of pneumatic hammer: machine for applying plaster using a mechanized method

A pneumatic hammer or pneumatic shovel is equipped with several nozzles that are designed for hard and soft solutions. The device consists of:

steel container for scooping the mixture;
four nozzles for supplying the composition;
four nozzles for air supply;
tube holder with built-in valve for supplying and adjusting compressed air.

Pneumatic pistol automatic

A pneumatic gun for automatic plastering is a short nozzle barrel, which is equipped with threaded connection for installing various attachments. Depending on the type of nozzle used, the degree of spraying of the mixture and other parameters are determined.

At the top of the machine there is a container for the mixture, usually five liters. The device is also equipped with a trigger that controls the supply of plaster. A hose for supplying compressed air is inserted into the lower part of the gun, into a specially provided hole.

Is it possible to make wall leveling equipment yourself?

You can make a homemade unit for plastering walls yourself; according to the principle of operation, it will repeat the spray gun, which is powered by a compressor.

A cut fire extinguisher is used as the basis for the device, so that a container of four to five liters is obtained. Next, a tube with a nozzle is inserted inside to supply air with a diameter of four millimeters directly into the outlet of the fire extinguisher. The power of the device is affected by the diameter of the outlet nozzle, as well as the size of the gap from it to the compressor valve.

What kind of compressor should be for the device?

The compressor for the station must be good and pump air quickly. His main task is to create and maintain an operating mode at a pressure of two to three atmospheres.

Pros and cons of plastering with stations for leveling walls by machine

When considering the issue of the machine method of plastering surfaces, it is necessary to separately analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this method.

Among the advantages are:

High labor productivity.
The ability to ensure a strong connection between the plaster layer and the base.
Possibility to significantly save plaster.

Disadvantages include:

The need to purchase an expensive station, rent it, or hire a crew.
It is necessary to ensure sufficient and uninterrupted supply of power and water.

It takes up to five days for a fresh plaster layer to dry, and the temperature range in the room should be maintained between 5 and 30 degrees.

Automatic gypsum machine plastering of walls: which machine is suitable

Automatic gypsum machine plastering is the process of applying a leveling and decorative layer to a previously prepared surface using specialized equipment. To perform such an operation, one of the main types of devices is suitable:

pneumatic shovel;
air gun;
plastering machine.

Each of the devices is characterized by its own characteristics, properties and principle of operation.

It is extremely important to apply the layer of plaster evenly, evenly and quickly. Only a trained and experienced specialist can effectively handle such a task.

How to apply plaster to ceilings and walls

The working process of applying plaster by machine is divided into stages.

First of all, preparatory measures are carried out in the room where the work will be carried out. Accordingly, at this moment, wiring and other hidden communications are laid, and then beacons are installed.

In parallel with the preparatory activities, the plastering station is set up, which, as a rule, has a three-phase motor and does not operate, without special permission, from an ordinary home network. Water can be supplied to the station from a water supply pipe or a reservoir of sufficient volume. A high-quality plaster composition with good strength characteristics is prepared inside a plastering station. Traditionally, a proportion is used where there are five liters of water per ten kilograms of dry mixture. The mixture is prepared in an airtight container. After the mixture has been prepared, the main work process begins. After setting up and starting up the equipment, the mixture is supplied under pressure through a pressure hose, and then applied to a previously prepared surface using a special gun.

The speed of applying plaster is quite high, which makes it possible to carry out large volumes of work in a short time. Thanks to special thickener additives, the mixture does not spread over the surface of the ceiling or walls.

To ensure proper operation plastering station and an impeccable result after the operation, it is recommended to use only specialized mixtures.

Work on applying the plaster layer begins from the corner of the room, moving further between the beacons. After the mixture has been applied, it may in some cases be necessary to manually level the layer and then grout.

The article discusses information about the details and features of the mechanical plastering process, as well as its advantages and disadvantages.

Useful video

One of the most popular ways to level walls is plaster. This procedure is labor-intensive, especially when it comes to large areas. To facilitate its implementation, special mechanisms were invented.

Mechanical plaster is an innovative method of wall finishing. This procedure is carried out using a special plaster station, which applies the solution to the base automatically. Despite its novelty, this method has quickly spread in the construction industry. It allows you not only to speed up the finishing procedure, but to make it cheaper and of better quality.

Applying plaster using a mechanized method

It is important to understand that the function of most plastering stations is limited to applying the mixture to the walls. Preparation of the base, leveling procedure, priming and grouting are carried out in the traditional way. manually. Although the latest developments in devices are capable of providing the entire range of plastering work, their prices are still sky-high. In addition to leveling walls, the automatic station can be used to pour concrete floors and small foundations.

The undoubted advantages of mechanized plaster include:

High performance. Even the most primitive stations supply solution at a rate of 1.2 m³/hour. When recalculated for one day shift, the result is 20-40 m² of wall. Compared to the manual method, the time gain reaches four or more times. If everything is done correctly, then even the rough base will be more even, which significantly saves time on further leveling.

No environmental pollution. This makes it possible to use mechanized plaster to carry out repairs in schools, kindergartens, offices and other premises where people work or study. This is explained by the fact that the stations operate on environmentally friendly solutions that do not contain harmful toxic additives.

Economic effect. Thanks to the air saturation of the solution, uniform laying is achieved inside the station. This eliminates waste of material. To apply one layer by machine, 13 kg of mixture is enough (although the same area with manual plastering will “pull” 16 kg). This is explained by the fact that the solution prepared in the machine is more voluminous. Moreover, due to high quality the resulting base is enough to putty one layer (instead of two at manual application). This also reduces the overall cost of construction work.

Cheapness. Manufacturers produce special plaster mixtures for mechanical application. Application of solutions for handmade are allowed, but they will cost several times more.

Excellent adhesion to the rough base. The device ejects a fine-grained plaster mixture under a certain pressure, which helps it quickly stick to the wall. In addition, special modifiers ensure good adhesion: without sticking to the mechanism components, they adhere well to the wall. The resulting finish is characterized by strength and evenness: as a rule, practically no cracks or salt stains appear on its surface.

As practical experience has shown, hand plastering is an order of magnitude inferior to mechanical ones in quality and durability. The manual method involves laying the solution in small portions over an area of up to 3 m² at a time. While the next batch is being made (this takes 40-60 minutes), the previously finished area has time to set.

As a result, hand plastering is more reminiscent of putting together puzzles from individual pieces with varying degrees of humidity. The quality of the solidity of the plaster cover suffers from this. As a rule, it is the joints of these puzzles that subsequently have a tendency to crack. Machine application ensures that the entire finished area has approximately the same moisture content and dries more evenly.

There are fewer disadvantages to mechanized plaster, but they are still present:

High cost of equipment. According to experts, the economic effect, taking into account the cost of the station, occurs only when finishing surfaces with an area of more than 900 m². Such volumes are typical for professional activities. If we are talking about leveling the walls in an apartment, it would be more profitable to do it manually or rent a plastering station.

The need to equip the workplace with reliable electrical wiring and centralized water supply. If the work is carried out in an apartment, it is recommended to use a separate cable to connect the device, which is directly connected to the panel. A special hose is used for uninterrupted water supply.

The need to care for the car. You need to make sure that the plaster mixture is not inside the supply hose for more than 15 minutes, otherwise it will harden. At the end of the work, the hose and reservoir must be thoroughly rinsed to remove any remaining solution.

Drying time. As you know, it takes about a week for a hand-plastered surface to dry. In the case of mechanized laying, this period must be extended to a month, all other things being equal. This is due to the presence of specific ingredients in the mixture. It turns out that while saving on the speed of application, you have to lengthen the drying pause. This once again proves the advisability of using mechanized plaster exclusively for finishing large areas.

If a careful analysis has shown the advisability of using mechanical plaster, you should purchase or rent a special unit. Its design includes a control unit, mixer, compressor, receiving hopper and feeding mechanism. Due to the bulkiness of the device, it is advisable to choose a spacious place for its installation.

To apply plaster using a mechanized method, special equipment is required.

The dry mixture is poured into the hopper compartment, where it is divided into small portions: from there they go into the mixer. After water is supplied, the solution is mixed: thanks to the possibility of programming, the consistency of the plaster is ideal. The finished mixture enters the supply system, and from there, through a supply hose, onto the base to be leveled.

Stages of work:

Preparing the wall. The quality of this procedure directly affects the overall quality of the alignment. The base must be completely cleaned of all old decoration. The same applies to all protruding parts (mechanical fasteners create particular interference). All dust is removed from the prepared wall using a pneumatic device.
Padding. Acrylic impregnation is suitable for this. All detected cracks and weak points are strengthened with reinforcing mesh.
Checking the verticality of the wall, marking the points of maximum slope. The same applies to angles and horizontal directions.
Installation of beacon strips at external corners.
Setting up the equipment station. This makes it possible to set the required level of solution consistency.
Applying plaster. The optimal distance to the wall is 20-30 cm, at an angle of 90 degrees. It is necessary to achieve uniform filling of the main area, as well as joint and corner areas. Laying thickness is 3-20 mm (it is adjusted by the speed of movement of the hose).
Without waiting for the laid plaster to harden, it must be leveled according to the rule. This will require one more worker.
The set mixture (this takes 15-20 minutes) is trimmed using a trapezoidal rule.
Grout. It allows you to tell the plastered wall perfect condition. The surface may be rubbed no earlier than an hour after leveling is completed. A special sponge device (grater) is used for rubbing. If milk protrudes, processing continues with a wide spatula. The process is repeated several times.

Also watch a useful video on mechanical application of plaster.