Laying pipelines from polyethylene pipes. Do-it-yourself water supply from polyethylene pipes

LOCAL RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION GESN 34-02-003-01

Name	Unit
Installation of pipelines from polyethylene pipes: up to 2 holes	1 channel-kilometer pipeline
Scope of work
01. Leveling the base of the trench. 02. Toeing and laying out pipes along the trench. 03. Laying pipes in a trench. 04. Sealing pipe joints using resistance welding with a heating disk. 05. Backfilling the base of the trench and the spaces between the pipes with soft soil. 06. Sprinkling a layer of soft soil over the finished pipe block. 07. Checking channels and sealing holes with plugs.

PRICE VALUES

The price indicates the direct costs of work for the period 2000(Federal prices), which are calculated based on standards 2009. The conversion index to current prices must be applied to this value.

You can go to the pricing page, which is calculated based on the 2014 edition standards with additions 1
The basis for use in calculating labor costs and material consumption is GESN-2001

LABOR COSTS

№	Name	Unit Change	Labor costs
1	Labor costs of construction workers Grade 2.9	person-hour	133
Total labor costs for workers		person-hour	133
Workers' compensation = 133 x 8.45		Rub.	1 123,85

CONSUMPTION OF MATERIALS

№	Cipher	Name	Unit Change	Consumption	Article number Rub.	Total Rub.
1	101-0070	Automotive gasoline AI-98, AI-95, AI-93	T	0,0008	4770	3,82
2	102-0097	Unedged beams coniferous species length 2-3.75 m, all widths, thickness 100-125 mm, grade III	m3	0,08	802,46	64,20
3	507-0546	Polyethylene pipes low pressure(HDPE) with outer diameter 110 mm	m	1000	31,53	31 530,00
Total			Rub.	31 598,01

TOTAL PRICE: RUB 32,721.86.

For laying external pipelines for the purpose of transporting the working medium, as in industrial facilities, and in the residential sector, pressure pipes made of polyethylene are widely used. All features relating to the characteristics and installation of these pipes are discussed in this article.

PE pressure pipe

Features of PE products

Scope of use

PE pipes are used to transport the working medium, which is:

drinking and industrial water;
various gases;
liquid chemical compounds that do not affect polyethylene.

The products are mainly used for:

Cold water supply.
Sewage systems.
Transportation of natural gas.

In addition, polyethylene free-flow pipes can be used when installing a protective route for power cable due to its property of not conducting electricity.

Main characteristics

Pressure polyethylene pipes are manufactured using polyethylene, which is characterized by high density, of the following class:

PE 100;
PE 80;
PE 63.

PE pipes in coils

In order to solve all possible problems in organizing water supply, pipes are produced in various diameters from 16.0 mm to 1600.0 mm and are designed to work with a medium under pressure from 0.40 to 2.0 MPa. Products are painted black and marked with blue stripes. Products are supplied in straight pieces of 12 m or other standard lengths. At the same time, polyethylene pressure pipes less than 110.0 mm in diameter are supplied in coils with a length of 50 m to one kilometer.

Although polyethylene pipe products are mainly used for transmission cold water, the operating temperature range of operation of the products is plus 40ºС. Therefore, it is quite possible to use pipes (made of special high-tech polyethylene) to organize heating or hot water supply systems. For sewerage, non-pressure coupling pipes made of polyethylene are more often used.

Advantages

Polyethylene products are in constant demand. Their popularity is due to many positive features when compared with cast iron and metal products. First of all, they are characterized by:

longer period of operation. The warranty period for polyethylene pipes is 50 years;
non-susceptibility to corrosion when transporting water and aggressive chemical working environments;
very light weight, which reduces the cost of transporting products;
convenient delivery in coils, thanks to which they are reduced Consumables and the installation efficiency is significantly increased;
the presence of several methods of connecting pipes, including butt welding.
the ability to repeatedly dismantle and re-lay the pipeline at minimal cost;
ease of disposal and recycling of products;
high elasticity, which greatly facilitates the installation of pipelines of any configuration;
ability to withstand variable soil loads, including earthquakes. For laying in the ground, the products do not require additional protection;
smooth inner surface;

Thanks to this design feature it is possible to use pipes with a smaller diameter, while providing the necessary hydraulic properties. Bandwidth PE pipes are 15% higher than steel ones.

low elasticity of the material, therefore, polyethylene water pressure pipes are not subject to water hammer;
resistance to low temperatures (when the working medium freezes, the pipe does not collapse);
environmental cleanliness and bacteriological safety.

Installation of PE pipes

Types of connections

Reliable connection of products can be carried out in several ways:

Butt welding.
Using special couplings with embedded electric heaters.
Using flange connections.
Using the bell method.
With the use of an expansion coupling.

Flange and socket connections are detachable. The remaining connections cannot be disconnected.

Butt welding procedure

This method is used to connect polyethylene pipes with a diameter of 63.0 mm or more. To obtain a reliable joint you must:

Fix the parts that need to be welded in a special butt welding machine.
Clean the ends of the pipes from dirt and dust.
Treat the surfaces of the products that are planned to be welded with a facing device.
After obtaining uniform chips (no more than 0.50 mm thick), check the mutual parallelism of the pipes.
Using a heating device, heat the ends of the parts until the surface of the pipes begins to melt.
Close the melted surfaces and gradually increase the clamping pressure.
Wait some time for the seam to completely weld and cool.

Butt welding

Welding with electric couplings

Although this method is more expensive, since it requires special couplings containing electric heating elements; it is widely used in conditions where it is impossible to perform butt welding due to limited space. This technology is not used for pipeline products large diameter.

The technology for performing the procedure is as follows:

Modern devices ensure that the entire welding cycle is carried out independently with guaranteed quality. In addition, all information on the operation is documented in an electronic protocol.

Thus, polyethylene pipe products are optimal and sufficient effective option for organizing a water supply or sewerage system.

For laying water pipes on personal plots Polyethylene multilayer pipes are often used. Pipes are made using a method without the use of high pressure, due to which the pipes become flexible and durable.

The abbreviation “LPD” stands for low-density polyethylene. This marking indicates that the pipes were manufactured without the use of high pressure. Suitable for laying water pipes drinking water and serve cold.

What are HDPE pipes made of:

There are several layers, the first one is the inner or cross-linked polyethylene layer. Formed by stitching the edges of the workpiece under the influence of high temperature;
adhesive: the layer is strong, designed to withstand water pressure, so the pipes can be installed in summer cottages and garden plots for organizing irrigation, etc.;
between the adhesive layers is air bag or oxygen barrier. Pipes can be called durable, but subject to the presence of a protective layer. Then you can install an external water supply ( open method);
the outer layer of polyethylene is a durable layer that provides reliable protection. From the information indicated on the front of the pipe, you can find out about the stitching method and the type of pipe (marking: numbers, letters).

Selection of polyethylene pipes

To install the pipeline according to all the rules, you need to start with the selection of polyethylene pipes. There have been cases when everything was done correctly, but the pipes began to leak after just a couple of years of operation. Although such water pipelines must cope with loads for several decades. What is the reason? It turns out that you need to know how to choose the right pipe. There are pipes on sale that are made from plastic waste through recycling. Such pipes will be 2 times cheaper, but there is not much benefit from them: the strength is low, and the water flowing from such pipes “catches” the pungent smell of plastic. There is no point in hoping that the smell will fade over time.

That's why. Before you begin installing the water supply system, you need to understand and find out how to choose pipes:

We inspect the pipe: if the product is not marked (there are no letters and numbers), there are inclusions and stripes, there is a sharp bad smell, they are unsuitable for laying pipelines. Such materials are used only for supplying process water.
Polyethylene pipes intended for supplying drinking water are painted only black, with a blue stripe (one or more) running along the top of the pipe. The color is rich, uniform, the surface of the pipe is smooth, without dents or bulges. Wall thickness - according to GOST (18599-2001), the diameter of the product, information about the manufacturer and the strength of the product must be indicated.
Marking 100 - pipes are strong and dense, withstand high pressure than pipes marked PE-80.

Using HDPE pipes

According to regulations and standards, polyethylene pipes are used:

for supplying drinking water up to 40 degrees;
for transporting technical water, up to 40 degrees;
for gaseous, liquid media (transportation), provided that the temperature of the substances will not be higher than +40 degrees and that the medium is inert to the substance from which the pipes are made;
for insulation or for laying electrical cables.

If all standards are observed, polyethylene products will last about 50 years.

Advantages and technology of connecting HDPE pipes

HDPE pipes intended for supplying cold water compare favorably with cast iron pipes and steel, they are not subject to corrosion, do not change the taste and quality of drinking water.

Advantages of HDPE pipes:

long service life - about 50 years;
affordable price - this is due to low cost, because the production of pipes does not require expensive equipment and the purchase of raw materials;
low thermal conductivity;
no condensation forms on the surface;
pipes do not corrode;
HDPE pipes are plastic, so they can be laid not only in a trench, but also on the surface;
subsidence of buildings and structures, as well as low temperatures, such pipes are not afraid;
installation of water supply systems in closed and open ways is carried out in any weather;
pipes do not pollute environment, do not emit harmful substances;
weight is minimal, sold in coils, which greatly simplifies not only installation, but also transportation.

What are the disadvantages of HDPE pipes

Each material has not only advantages, but also disadvantages, which it is advisable to know about before everything is purchased and a water supply installation plan is drawn up.

Flaws:

when the temperature rises above the permissible norm, the material becomes fusible;
under the influence of direct sun rays, pipes age faster.

This disadvantage is compensated for in this way: a special coating is applied to the surface by thin spraying.

HDPE pipe connection technology

You will need the following tool:

hacksaw or special tool for cutting polyethylene pipes;
a cone-shaped knife to process the cut edge;
if you use fittings, then you won’t need anything else, but some craftsmen advise having an adjustable wrench so that when tightening the connections, you don’t have to tighten the nut too tightly. Otherwise, the clamps may not hold up and will burst, or the gasket-seal will be damaged. If the nuts are not sufficiently secured, then the tightness of each joint will suffer.

Compression fittings for HDPE pipes. Installation features

When installing a water supply system, you cannot do without special connections or fittings. They can be straight to connect 2 pieces of pipe and transitional when you need to connect pipes of different diameters. In addition, fittings will help connect the pipeline in several directions, make the desired bend or angle, reduce or, conversely, increase the diameter of the pipes.

Installation of a pipeline with fittings is carried out in several stages. The work is not difficult, so even a beginner can do it, and no special tools are required.

How to install:

Prepare the pipes, calculate in advance how many meters of pipe will be needed to lay the pipeline.
Unscrew the fittings 1-2 times.
Perform markup on work surface, lubricate the joint with soapy water (or just plain water).
Insert the pipe into fastener to the mark. Make sure that the pipe section rests against the ring. To achieve this, you need to apply a little more force.
If you don’t try hard at this stage, the connection will not be 100% tight.
Tighten the nut until it stops so that there are no loose threads left on the threads.

Flange connections for HDPE pipes are one of the methods for installing a water supply system from HDPE pipes, in which, if necessary, the assembled unit can be disassembled. The flange connection is used to connect the control and shut-off valves. For installation you will need a polyethylene pipe, a metal sleeve and a free flange.

To obtain reliable connection pipes, another method is used: one-piece or welded joint for HDPE pipes.

Performed in 2 ways:

Joint to joint.
Connection using an electrical coupling.

Butt welding is performed using a special welding machine. If you really want to, you can master the joining technique in order to lay the water supply yourself, without the involvement of specialists.

How to connect pipes butt to butt using a welding machine:

The ends of the pipes (provided that the diameter of the pipes exceeds 50 mm) must be secured in special clamps of the welding machine.
Bring a heating plate to the cut site.
Wait until the plastic warms up and reaches its melting temperature.
After this, you need to remove the slab, and immediately connect the pipes to each other, applying force.
Wait a few seconds for the seams to cool, after which you can remove the clamps and remove the device.

What is important with this method:

Materials are used only of one diameter, otherwise nothing will work.
Wall thickness – no more than 5 mm.
You can work outdoors, at temperatures not lower than +15 degrees and not higher than 45 degrees.
The welding machine operates from the mains, it does not consume a lot of energy, so this method can safely be called the most economical. Even though the cost of the device is very high, in order to install the water supply system yourself, the device can be rented.

Hydraulic testing of HDPE pipes

Any pipeline, even one made by experienced specialists, must be tested. The first launch is the most important; it will show all the weak points.

Work progress:

External inspection of the water supply system, removal of air from the system.
The inspection is carried out one day after completion of installation.
Before starting work, you need to clean the pipe cavity from dirt and open the valves to bleed air.
Install water drainage at the lowest points (drains).
Connect pressure gauges on both sides.
Connect the pipeline to the water supply or sediment to create pressure and fill the system.
With the air vents closed, you need to gradually increase the pressure and hold it for a quarter of an hour. For the test to be successful, water must be gradually pumped in to stabilize the pressure.
Then reduce the pressure to the working norm and leave for half an hour. During this time, it is necessary to have time to perform a visual inspection of the pipeline, especially paying attention to all joints.
The water supply passed the test if no leaks or ruptures of the connecting elements were detected.

Errors when installing polyethylene pipes

Installing HDPE pipes is not a difficult task, it is difficult to make a mistake and do something wrong, but mistakes are no exception.

Common mistakes:

if the pipes used are different. Beginners may not understand and purchase different pipes. And each type of plastic has its own standards, so the tightness at the junction may be compromised. Result: leaks and cracks at the joint;
Over-tightening the nuts can cause microcracks to appear. At the initial examination finished work they will not manifest themselves in any way, but under pressure the crack may increase and then there will be a water leak;
a weak puff, like a strong puff, is also not good;
uneven edges of the joint: if you use welding machine, then you need to clearly adjust the edges. A trimmer is used for these purposes.

Video instructions for installing HDPE pipes with your own hands:

Since the installation of polyethylene pipes is enviably simple, and they themselves are extremely attractive in price, durability and reliability, their use is becoming increasingly widespread in comparison with other materials. They are used not only in industrial, but also in household, are ideal for use in sewerage, heating, gas and water supply systems.

For better installation of pipes, you must adhere to some recommendations that will be presented in this article.

Necessary tool

To install polyethylene pipes with your own hands, you will need the following tools:

soldering iron;
pipe cutting scissors;
gas keys.

As a rule, it is equipped with a set of nozzles with different diameters.

In extreme cases, scissors can be replaced with a jigsaw. But scissors are more convenient - when cutting pipes, they produce smooth edges without nicks or burrs.

Connecting polyethylene pipes will require the use of a gas wrench.

In order for the pipe connection to be as reliable as possible, a flax sealant is used - such connections have the advantage of always remaining dry. Tools for installing polyethylene pipes can be purchased at almost any hardware store.

Often, a soldering iron with nozzles and scissors are sold as a set - you don’t have to look for them specifically.

Pipe installation

Where should you start?

Features of preparation and installation of polyethylene pipes:

Quantity necessary materials calculated depending on the length of the route, the number of corners and differences.
Before starting installation, you must turn off the water supply, then prepare the materials in accordance with the project, after which you can begin installation.
If in the home heating system, the laying of polyethylene pipes should be done starting from the boiler.
After the dimensions are determined, the cuttings of connecting fittings and are soldered together. Also, using a soldering iron, polyethylene pipes are connected.

Learning how to use a soldering iron yourself is not that difficult. Of course there are many technical nuances, which are included in the installation of polyethylene pipes - the video on our portal will help you visually visualize the described manipulations.

Welding installation technology

Installation of polyethylene pipes is as follows:

All connections should be carefully inspected for leaks. After inspection, if everything is in order, the required pressure is set on the boiler and air is bleed from the radiators.

Fittings for polyethylene pipes

If PE pipes are chosen as the material for the construction of the pipeline or polyethylene pipes are to be repaired, fittings will be required to connect them. Depending on the method of their installation, fittings for polyethylene pipes are divided into several main types depending on the installation method.

There are the following types of polyethylene pipe connections:

welding of PE pipes;
pipe gluing;
threaded mechanical connection.

Types of fittings depending on the method of pipe installation:

Fittings for polyethylene pipes, electric welded are equipped with embedded heating elements.
If the wire is heated using electricity to a certain temperature, the polyethylene begins to melt, resulting in the formation of a uniform, tight connection where the transition for polyethylene pipes is made from one section of pipe to another. By using modern equipment for welding polyethylene fittings, it is possible to set the voltage and time necessary for high-quality welding.
Compression fittings. In principle, they are practically no different from those used in the installation of plastic or copper pipes.
The only difference is the material of manufacture. They are extremely convenient to use, since no preparation or qualification is required - the fitting is completely ready for installation on pipes.
Butt welding. Performed using spigots - PVC fittings without the use of an electric spiral..
The principle of connection is to heat the ends of the pipes until the material becomes viscous, after which they are connected under pressure. If the welding technology is followed, the connection point becomes homogeneous with the pipe.
Reducing fittings used when welding pipes of different diameters - they have threaded connection for better installation.
Threaded fittings are also used for connections when installing PE pipes with water distribution equipment, meters, and so on.

Based on these data, we can conclude that correctly selected fittings allow you to install polyethylene pipes for a water supply or heating system with your own hands, without exerting excessive effort and without requiring special training.

Used in systems whose maximum operating pressure is no more than 0.16 MPa.

Low pressure polyethylene pipes are simple and easy to install.

Not long ago, the main products in the free-flow drainage and sewerage system, both industrial and domestic, were widely used pipes made of various materials. Along with asbestos-cement products, reinforced concrete non-pressure products were also actively used.

But this area of water supply and sewerage began to be actively conquered by non-pressure polyethylene pipes.

The main factors that significantly influence the choice of low-pressure polyethylene pipes are their highest performance qualities:

no corrosion;
excellent resistance to various chemicals;
long service life;
simplicity and ease of installation;
relatively low cost.

Three types are produced for water supply and sewerage:

non-pressure smooth HDPE pipe;
non-pressure corrugated HDPE pipe made of polyethylene;
spiral free-flow pipe.

Free-flow smooth pipe

Gravity connection smooth pipe clamp fittings.

Smooth non-pressure polyethylene pipes have Orange color and are produced in sizes:

diameter from 20 to 560 mm;
length from 500 to 1300 mm.

Types of products based on the ring stiffness class:

SN2 - installation depth no more than 1 meter;
SN4 - installation depth no more than 6 meters;

Installation of this product is carried out in a socket. One side of the HDPE pipe has a socket in which it is located. Installation of sewerage is very simple; to do this, you need to insert one product into the socket of another. If it is necessary to connect elements with different diameters, there are special adapters for this. For ease of installation, various tees, couplings and angles are provided.

It doesn't cause any problems either. Ceiling or wall mountings are made using simple latches (clamps), which are fastened to the wall or ceiling with screws.

Corrugated non-pressure pipes

Installation of sewerage is very simple; to do this, you need to insert one product into the socket of another.

This type of HDPE pipes is also used for sewerage and drainage systems. This type of non-pressure pipes can be made from polyethylene, polypropylene and their combinations.

Polyethylene pipes of this type have differences in design and production technology. These products are produced in a two-layer version and have a smooth inner surface and corrugated outer. The outer wall of the product, which is black, guarantees high protection from exposure to ultraviolet radiation, it also serves to ensure the necessary annular rigidity of the HDPE pipe and its resistance to deformation. White color, which has an internal wall, facilitates visual diagnostics of the sewer system.

This product is available with the following classes of ring stiffness:

SN4 - installation depth no more than 4 meters;
SN6 - installation depth no more than 6 meters;
SN8 - installation depth no more than 8 meters;
SN16 - installation depth no more than 16 meters.

Available in sizes:

diameter - from 110 to 1200 mm;
length - 6 or 13 m;
profile width - from 6 to 41 mm;
wall thickness - from 1.2 to 5 mm.

Here are some positive factors:

The rubber gasket is installed inside the corrugation, which prevents it from moving during installation.

High impact resistance (even at low operating temperatures).
Good resistance to chemical and mechanical stress.
High ring rigidity as a result of the use of special grades of polyethylene and optimal design in production.
Ease of installation: the connection is made using a rubber gasket (O-ring) and a coupling or butt welding. The rubber gasket is installed inside the corrugation, which prevents it from moving during installation. Thanks to its special shape, rubber gasket prevents not only leakage from the product, but also the ingress of groundwater into it.
High versatility due to the possibility of using a wide selection of fittings, which allows connection to any type of pipe.
The low weight of the product allows it to be conveniently stored, mounted and transported.
The excellent flexibility of the product makes it possible to easily bypass various obstacles when laying a pipeline system.
Long service life at low operating costs.
Excellent value for money.

Features of installation and installation

For pipes with a diameter of 250-1200 mm, the sealing ring is inserted into the groove of the first corrugation.

This product is intended for underground installation with a maximum depth of up to 16 m and a minimum depth of at least 1 m. It is very important to choose the right material for backfilling the formed trench. The granulometric composition of this material should densely fill the corrugated products, that is, the particle size should not exceed the width of the profile.

A connection using an o-ring and a coupling is performed as follows: for a product that has a diameter from 250 to 1200 mm, install the o-ring in the groove of the first corrugation. For a product that has a diameter from 110 to 200 mm, in the groove of the second corrugation. After this, we install the coupling, and the force should be constant and equally distributed.

One of the important advantages of corrugated free-flow pipes is that they can be connected using butt welding. This became possible due to the sufficient wall thickness and the distance between the corrugations. Performance welding work is a complex process that should only be performed by an authorized and qualified professional. However, it should be remembered that butt welding is used to seal pipes and cannot provide the same ring rigidity as a coupling.

Spiral free-flow pipes

Thanks to geometric shape pipe wall profile, spiral pipes have the highest resistance to deformation for free-flow networks.

A spiral-shaped non-pressure product is used for the construction of a non-pressure sewerage and drainage network, often of large diameter (more than 1000 mm). This type of free-flow pipe is made of polyethylene by winding a continuously produced profile onto a rotating cylindrical drum while simultaneously welding the turns together. Due to the geometric shape of the pipe wall profile, it has the highest resistance to deformation.

This product has several types:

SPIROLINE has ring stiffness SN2, SN4, SN6, SN8, SN16, which allows its installation to a depth of up to 16 m. A wide range of internal diameters - from 500 to 2400 mm. The length of the segment is from 0.5 to 13.5 m.
KORSIS has ring stiffness SN4, SN8, which allows its installation to a depth of up to 8 m. Inner diameter- from 800 to 2400 mm. The length of the segment is from 0.5 to 13.5 m.
VEHOLIGHT has ring stiffness SN2, SN4, SN8. Inner diameter - from 280 to 800 mm and from 360 to 3000 mm. The length of the segment is from 0.5 to 13.5 meters.

The connection is made by directly screwing one product into another with further end welding. These polyethylene pipes can also be installed using different shaped elements (bend, transition, tee, tank, well).