How long does it take for potatoes to sprout after planting? Correct planting of potatoes and the time after which they will sprout

(Some tricks for growing potatoes) Potatoes are grown by all rural residents and many city dwellers. It is believed that it is easy to grow and everyone knows how to do it.

In practice, potatoes actually grow almost everywhere; they are not as demanding as other types of root crops and caring for them is not very difficult. This is true, but what kind of potatoes will grow, what kind of harvest will be and at what time is often not taken into account, but in vain, your work must be appreciated and, in addition, the profitability of your farm and a very pleasant feeling of satisfaction with the results of your efforts depend on this.

Everyone is used to the fact that the planted the potatoes will sprout on the 21st day, will grow until autumn, harvesting in September. This is traditional, with everyone together and of course there is no sales (mass cleaning is underway), there is no normal price, the income is either meager or zero.

But if you work thoughtfully and diligently, you can have a completely different result. Do you want to grow excellent harvest, clean up in June, sell at a good price and make a profit? I see you want it. Then be patient and read this page to the end.

How to grow early potatoes. The site is selected on a hill, which dries out in the spring earlier than others. The composition is better than loam.

In the spring, add potassium and phosphorus.

Early and mid-early varieties are taken.

Germinate at a temperature of 12-15 degrees in 30-35 days.

You can germinate in the light or in the basement with electric lighting, while the tubers are laid out in 2-3 layers.

Every week, spray with copper sulfate, boric acid or potassium permanganate (m. vitriol - 2 g per 10 liters of water, b. acid - 50 g per 10 liters of water, potassium permanganate - 10 g per 10 liters of water).

Tubers with short thick shoots are ready for planting.

If germination has not been carried out, then a week before planting, you can keep the potatoes in a bright room at a temperature of 15 degrees to warm up.

It is better to plant whole tubers - 70-80g (chicken egg), but you can also cut them, leaving 2-3 sprouts on each part. Cut 2-3 days before planting. Disinfect cutting knives (potassium permanganate) or heat them on fire for 10 seconds.

Planting in late April - early May at a soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm equal to 8 degrees Celsius.

If there is a threat of frost, hill up (you can fill up completely, it will break through).

With a height of 10-12 cm, it is necessary to carry out hilling and loosening of row spacing.

A month after planting, feed the sulfate with ammonium (25 g per sq. m.) or urea (12 g. per sq. m.).

At the beginning of budding, the second feeding (potassium 30-50g per 10 liters of water).

Cleaning can begin at the end of June. Complete removal by August 1st.After harvesting, green the potatoes in the light for 10-15 days, which will be used for seeds.

It is strictly forbidden to green food products.If you do everything as written, you will be in grief. Act with God! After planting potatoes, there is no need to worry at first; we all know that potatoes take a long time to sprout, and we just need to wait.

But when there are still no shoots, you involuntarily begin to worry: is everything okay? Our relatives had a real case when the potatoes did not sprout at all! So, when to expect potato sprouts to appear, why are they not friendly and why did our relatives’ potatoes not sprout...

The dependence of the emergence of potato seedlings on soil temperature or When to plant potatoes?

The most important factor in the successful emergence of potato seedlings is the soil temperature. If the soil has warmed up at a depth of 10-12 cm to 7..8 degrees (the average daily temperature is usually +8 degrees) - you can start planting potatoes. Of course, not All gardeners check the soil temperature with a thermometer in their hands. You can trust folk signs, or rather, natural conventional signs.

For example, the time of flowering and blooming of perennial plants. When to plant potatoes? According to popular wisdom, we begin planting as soon as the leaves on the birch tree become the size of a penny coin. Signs of soil warming and natural indicators for the start of sowing work - in THIS ARTICLE

When will potato shoots appear?

When the soil warms up to +10 degrees, potato seedlings appear in 23-25 days. At a soil temperature of 18-20 degrees, seedlings appear in 10-20 days. Sprouted potatoes sprout 6-10 days earlier. If planting occurs early, there is no need to bury the tubers, they will “sit” for a long time, the upper layers warm up faster, and if planted shallowly, the potatoes will sprout faster. If the soil moisture is more than 75%, planting potatoes is not advisable , in such conditions there is a high probability of tubers being damaged by putrefactive diseases.

SIDERATS at the dacha: how to SOW and COLLECT SEEDS

Why are there uneven shoots?

Reasons for the appearance uneven shoots some:

Various planting depths. The soil warms up unevenly - and those tubers that are closer to the surface sprout earlier, those that lie deeper wait for warmer weather.
Planting tubers of various sizes.
Unevenly sprouted tubers, or not sprouted at all.
Mix of varieties different periods maturation, with various periods of rest. You've probably noticed that each variety behaves differently during storage. Much depends on the rest period. Those varieties in which it is short are in no way intended for long-term storage, only for processing (for example, for chips). But there are also well-stored varieties - their dormant period is quite long. If you have a mixture of varieties, it is quite possible that seedlings will appear at different times.

Can potatoes not sprout at all?

Quite, our relatives had such a sad experience. And the whole issue turned out to be improper storage of planting material. The planting potatoes were stored in the cellar, as always, but... they were not poured out of white synthetic bags.

So it stood in them until spring. Everything seemed to be fine, they planted potatoes, but they never saw shoots. Such negligence cost a lot of money and nerves; we had to look for new potatoes and replant. But now we all have science - we try even to short time Do not leave potatoes in white bags and we always remember this incident. : detailed instructions HERE

Potatoes, proper planting of tubers, care after planting

When to plant potatoes correctly

Tubers are planted when the soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm will reach 7-8 degrees. Usually in the Moscow region this happens in early May. Delay in planting potatoes entails a 30% loss of yield.

Well sprouted tubers To obtain early potatoes, you can plant them a little earlier - at a soil temperature of 5-6 degrees. Experience shows that such early planting in insufficiently warmed soil gives a greater harvest than late planting in warmed soil.

Potatoes are being planted on a flat surface, and on waterlogged and heavy soils - in ridges. With this planting, the soil warms up better and more air flows to the tubers.

Distance between rows of potatoes when planting

Before boarding In order to evenly place the plants on the area, the area should be marked. To do this, use a marker to make shallow grooves along which the planting is carried out. For the first pass of the marker, pull the cord along which its outermost tooth is guided.

You can plant tubers directly under the cord, but this is less convenient and takes more time. To increase productivity after planting, the soil can be mulch(sprinkle with a 2-3 cm layer of peat).

The optimal distance between rows of potatoes for early-ripening varieties is 70-75 cm, for late-ripening varieties - 80-90 cm. Planting density depends on the size of potato tubers. Small ones are planted after 18-20 cm, medium and large ones after 26-28 cm.

Tubers are planted deep in heavy soils 6-8 cm, on light ones - 8-10 cm, counting the distance from the soil surface to the tuber. With such planting, approximately 350 large tubers, 450 medium ones, 500 and smaller ones will be required per hundred square meters.

Caring for potatoes after planting

Potato care basically comes down to keeping the soil loose and killing weeds.

Harrowing potatoes. The first harrowing is carried out 4-5 days after planting. Then two or three more before germination and one or two after the plants appear on the surface.

Typically, 16-28 days pass from planting to germination. Loosening and hilling potatoes. After the rows are well defined and the plants have sprouted so much that it is impossible to harrow, they begin to loosen the rows.

The first time the soil is loosened deeply - by 12-14 cm, and the second and third shallower - by 6-8 cm. When the plants reach a height of 12-15 cm, the first hilling is carried out, with a ridge height of 15-20 cm. The second time the potatoes are earthed up before by closing the tops.

Feeding potatoes after planting. Before loosening the rows and hilling, it is advisable to feed the plants. This is especially important for mid-season and late potato varieties. It is enough to carry out two feedings.

First time You can add two handfuls of humus under each bush with two teaspoons of ammonium nitrate added to it, or you can add two handfuls of ash mixed with the same amount of earth, or you can add 15 g of chicken droppings. For the second feeding dilute 2 tbsp in 10 liters of water. spoons of superphosphate and 1 tbsp. a spoonful of nitrophoska.

Plants are watered with this solution at the roots, and then watered clean water. Keep in mind that fertilizing is given only during the initial development of plants. After flowering, they lead to late ripening of tubers and the accumulation of nitrates in them.

In case of lack of moisture Potatoes are watered in furrows or by sprinkling. Drought 2-3 weeks after emergence, during the appearance of buds and in early August, when the tubers are growing, can significantly reduce the yield.

After watering, the soil must be loosened so that a crust does not form. Advice. To avoid damaging the potatoes, keep in mind that in hot and dry weather you should not carry out deep loosening around the bushes or hill up the plants.

This leads to dehydration and overheating of the soil, stops the growth of tubers and contributes to the emergence of diseases. During drought, shallow loosening of row spacing is sufficient.

Caring for potatoes after planting

Vegetable growing

Timely and careful care of potatoes after planting (during the entire growing season) is a prerequisite for obtaining large yields. For potato seedlings to emerge, weeds must be intensively controlled, otherwise they will be able to take root and bloom. The main mass of weeds are usually annual weeds; before the rosette emerges to the surface, they sprout thin, large seedlings. Even with shallow tillage, they are easily torn off or pulled out, and the remaining part does not grow and dies.

IN given time harrowing can kill almost all annual weeds and part of the rhizomes that overwinter in surface layer. In this case, the timing of work to care for potato crops before germination is very important. It is necessary to harrow a potato field immediately after the formation of a soil crust or when only a small part of the weeds have emerged that have not yet taken root and are not colored.

In this state, weeds buried in soil die from exhaustion, and those on the surface dry out very quickly. Harrowing of potatoes before germination begins 5-6 days after planting and, depending on the weediness of the field and precipitation, it is done two, and sometimes three times, interrupted when the potato shoots reach ten centimeters. Loosen (harrow) the soil before germination potatoes and seedlings using a light harrow or a very heavy rake. Protecting young potato seedlings from frost is a necessary procedure when cultivating early potatoes.

It may be that the seedlings are severely damaged by frost, but the crops do not die: the mother potato tubers will sprout new shoots. However, as observations show, the yield on crops damaged by frost is reduced and shifted to a later date. When there is a threat of frost, the seedlings need to be covered earth and make easy hilling of the plants. The next stage of work on the potato field is processing, which can be done with hoes, rippers with teeth or shovels. Manual cultivators have proven themselves to be excellent. The number of inter-row cultivations is related to the nature of the soil and meteorological factors.

As a rule, such treatments are carried out after heavy rainfall and watering and continue until the tops close. A mandatory technique for caring for potatoes is hilling. Using a hiller, they loosen the soil between the rows, lift it and roll it to the base of the stems, on which, after a short time, stolons appear, which end in tubers, and additional roots. In the hilled ridge, the most optimal water-air regime is formed for the formation of the root system of potatoes: the soil here There is little compaction and there is no excess moisture.

In addition, the resistance of stems to lodging increases, and this, in turn, makes the assimilation activity of the middle and lower tier of leaves longer. The ridge protects potato tubers from greening and the accumulation of solanine in them, as well as from temperature changes in the ground layer of air. Hilling up potatoes should be started as early as possible in order to provoke the early emergence of new root systems and potato tubers.

As a rule, hilling of potatoes is carried out during the beginning of budding, timing this work to heavy rainfall or watering. Later hilling (at the beginning of flowering) is accompanied by greater damage to root systems and stolons, which during this period are localized close to the surface. The number of hillings directly depends on the potato variety, soil properties and weather factors (as a rule, in the conditions of the central zone of the Russian Federation one or two ).

The first hilling of potatoes is shallower, the second - to a depth of 15-20 cm. After each hilling, you need to loosen the bottom of the furrows between the ridges.

This saves moisture and increases the potato yield. If, for one reason or another, before planting potatoes and during it, it was not possible to fill the area with fertilizers in sufficient quantities and the plants do not form satisfactorily, the potatoes must be fed (before the first hilling) with those nutrients, which are lacking in the soil. A potato plant consumes an average of approximately 100 liters of water to produce one kilogram of tuber crop. But there is no need to limit yourself to this norm, since in addition to the consumption of moisture for transpiration, a significant amount of it also evaporates from the soil surface. In the early stages of formation, potato plants consume a little water, but its lack during this period gives rise to profound changes in metabolism.

Their consequences are revealed later, even with optimal mode irrigation. The observations carried out show that potato plants exposed to drought in initial phases formation, the time of creation of stolons changes and the formation of tubers is greatly delayed. In satisfactory water supply conditions, early varieties In potatoes, the formation of stolons and the setting of tubers occurs in the first 4-5 weeks after emergence.

A decrease in soil moisture at this time suppresses growth processes and limits the likelihood of obtaining a large potato harvest. Potatoes consume the most significant amount of water during their flowering period. At this time, the tubers in particular are growing very quickly.

But potatoes are most unstable to a lack of water in the soil during the budding period, when stolons, secondary roots appear and tubers begin to grow. Rapid fluctuations in soil moisture lead to an increase in the percentage of small and ugly-looking tubers, and rains and watering in the initial phases of formation promote accelerate their ripening and increase their dry matter content. An increase in humidity at a later date inhibits the ripening of potatoes and reduces the presence of starch in it. Depending on the meteorological conditions of the year, the first growing season watering is timed to coincide with the potato budding stage, subsequent ones - after 10-12 days.

It is best to water the furrows with a small stream. After watering and drying the soil surface, loosening or hilling is done.

Caring for potatoes after planting: watering, loosening, hilling, fertilizing

In previous articles we talked about sprouting potatoes, growing seedlings and planting potatoes in the ground. Today we’ll talk about caring for potatoes after planting, namely: watering, loosening, hilling and fertilizing.

Watering potatoes

It is not recommended to water potatoes for the first time after planting, since at this time they will develop root system. With moderate humidity, the roots branch and penetrate deep into the soil, but if the soil is over-moistened, the roots will not be located deep enough, which will subsequently negatively affect the development of the potato bush, since it will be more difficult for it to obtain moisture.

The first watering of potatoes after planting is best done with the emergence of seedlings. Water the potatoes sparingly. When bushes begin to form, the potato's need for water increases.

You should not rely on rain: as soon as you notice that the lower leaves begin to wilt slightly, be sure to water the potatoes. Potatoes experience the greatest need for moisture during the period of budding and flowering. If the amount of moisture at this time is insufficient for the potatoes, this will have a bad effect on their harvest - the potatoes will be very small. It is best to water the potatoes not with cold, but with slightly warm water, pre-heated to “room temperature” in barrels or tubs. The best time for watering potatoes - early morning or evening.

Loosening the soil

Surface loosening of the soil, carried out to a depth of 2–3 cm, is a very useful procedure for potatoes, increasing the flow of oxygen to the tubers. In addition, in the process of loosening you destroy small weeds.

The first loosening is carried out a week after planting the potatoes. Subsequently, the soil is loosened as needed after watering and rain, thereby preventing the formation of crust and helping to saturate the soil with oxygen. Loosening must be done very carefully, trying not to damage the sprouts and not pull the tubers to the surface.

Hilling up potatoes

Hilling has a very positive effect on the potato yield and can significantly increase it. Hilling accelerates the processes of bush development, flowering and tuberization.

In addition, hilling protects potato tubers from late blight, preventing infection from spreading from the affected tops to the tubers. Potatoes must be hilled 2-3 times during the season. The first hilling of potatoes is carried out when the tops reach a height of 13 - 15 cm.

The soil used for hilling must be moist. How is hilling carried out? It’s very simple: the soil is raked in small portions to the tops using a hoe so that a mound is formed around the bush.

The second hilling of potatoes is carried out 10 - 12 days after the first. Third - as needed.

Fertilizing potatoes in the garden

To get good harvest potatoes, during the growing process they need to be periodically fed. During the growing season, root feeding of potatoes is carried out three times; the composition of fertilizers depends on the development phase of the potato bush.

In addition, when seedlings appear, potatoes can be sprayed with a solution of macro- and microfertilizers. Root feeding It is better to carry out on wet soil after watering or rain.

First root feeding carried out during the growth of tops if the potato bushes are poorly developed, have thin stems and pale leaves. Feeding composition: 1 tablespoon of urea per 10 liters of water or half a liter of mushy mullein or bird droppings per bucket of water. Dosage: half a liter of solution for each bush.

Second root feeding potatoes are carried out during the budding period to accelerate flowering. Feeding composition: 1 tablespoon of potassium sulfate + 3 tablespoons of wood ash per 10 liters of water or just 1 glass of wood ash per bucket of water. Dosage: half a liter of solution for each bush. Third root feeding carried out during flowering of potatoes to accelerate the tuberization process. Feeding composition: 2 tablespoons of superphosphate + 1 glass of mushy mullein or chicken droppings per 10 liters of water. Dosage: half a liter of solution for each bush.

Root feeding of potatoes with fertilizer solutions is carried out in cases where we are talking about a relatively small number of bushes. If the area of the potato plot exceeds 100 m2, that is, 1 hundred square meters, fertilizing is carried out with dry fertilizers, scattering them under each bush:

first feeding (to accelerate the growth of tops) - 1/2 teaspoon of urea + 200 g of manure or plant humus per 1 bush; second feeding (during budding) - 1 tablespoon of wood ash + 1/2 teaspoon of potassium sulfate or 1 teaspoon a spoonful of nitrophoska per 1 bush; third feeding (during flowering) - 1 teaspoon of powdered superphosphate per 1 bush.

Important agrotechnical processes include preparing potatoes for planting. When a gardener ignores this stage of cultivation, he does not take into account the peculiarities of his climate zone, you have to wait a long time for the first shoots. It is worth taking urgent measures if after a month there are no signs of life on the soil surface. There are several important factors that determine how long it will take for potatoes to sprout. These include the gardener’s region of residence, the variety of tubers and, of course, rich life experience.

Temperature indicators

If after planting the potatoes the weather is warm and there are no night or morning frosts, then the first shoots will please the owner of the plot within three weeks. In order for the tubers to begin to germinate, the temperature around them should not be less than 10°C. The root crop does not begin to produce green shoots in cold soil; the movement of juices in it will slow down until the onset of warmth. Some potato tubers will freeze during this time or will be used for food first spring pests- bear or worms.

When the earth has not yet completely warmed up, but has already arrived, then you should not bury it too much. Optimal hole depth for proper cultivation- 5-6 cm. Even under the weak rays of the April sun, the soil will warm up to the required temperature, and the first shoots will appear in 21-23 days.

Gardeners who plant potatoes in well-warmed soil do not wait long. After 10-14 days, the first leaves hatch between the furrows. When steady warmth quickly sets in after a cold winter, many plot owners make a big mistake and start planting. The fact is that warming up the soil sun rays it takes some time:

for northern regions - 2 months or more;
for southern areas - 4-5 weeks.

Air humidity is of great importance. With a significant concentration of water vapor in the surrounding space, the earth will dry out for a long time. When the air is damp and humid, it is better to delay planting potatoes for several days. Otherwise the whole planting material, and with it the first shoots, will become a breeding ground for various types of putrefactive bacteria.

Seed quality

You should not wait for early potato shoots if tubers have been planted different sizes and with low-quality sprouts.

What kind of seed material should be:

each tuber has several large eyes;
large potatoes, approximately the same size;
the sprouts are thick, not very long;
there are no damaged areas or traces of putrefactive processes on the tubers;
Before planting, potatoes were treated with moderate doses of fungicides.

Each shoot is formed from an eye, so shoots will appear only if they are present. Even one “empty” tuber can ruin the harvest in the hole. Ungerminated seed will become a source of rot or mold. Small nodules will germinate only after 4-5 weeks, but the seedlings will be frail and non-viable. For landing experienced gardeners It is recommended to choose potatoes over 40-50 g. The quantity depends on how much the tubers weigh. collected in the summer harvest.

Even in the absence of visible damage, the seed can present unpleasant surprises after germination. It depends on how long the potatoes were stored and under what conditions. Tubers that have been overwintered in airtight bags or boxes are often unsuitable for planting. Seed material is carefully selected in the fall and stored separately from the main crop. The place for containers should be dark and dry.

You cannot select tubers for planting in spring on a residual basis. In this case, the potatoes will sprout only after 25-30 days, and the sprouts will be weak and overly elongated. A gardener should not expect a rich harvest from such seed.

Sprouts appear on time when all the rules for processing tubers before planting are followed. About a month before the onset of stable heat, the potatoes are sorted, inspected and substandard ones are discarded. Then the seed must be immersed in a solution of any fungicide.

How long does it take to soak:

medium-sized potatoes - 10-15 minutes;
large tubers - about half an hour.

Now the tubers need to be spread out in a dry place for ventilation and sprout formation. How long germination takes depends on the air temperature. For proper preparation of the seed, it should be provided with 12-15°C.

Only tubers with thick and powerful sprouts are lowered into the holes. The first shoots will sprout in 15-20 days. Potatoes with weak sprouts that look like fragile threads are best discarded. They simply will not be able to break through the soil even a month after the tubers are buried and will begin to rot, putting neighboring tubers at risk of damage.

Often, land owners make a big mistake before planting: they treat the tubers with highly concentrated solutions of pesticides. Toxic substances accumulate in the seed; it takes a very long time to germinate. Mole crickets will not eat such potatoes, but they are absolutely unsuitable for human food. Before using fungicides, it is necessary to dilute exactly the same as recommended in the instructions.

Tricks of gardeners

In the southern regions, plot owners have time to plant and dig up potatoes twice with an interval of 50-60 days. Undoubtedly, a lot depends on the variety and air temperature. But some landing tricks also help. One of them is the application of fertilizers during soil preparation and during the growing process. After deepening the tubers, the soil should be watered with a solution of any complex fertilizer. This will provide the potatoes with the nutrients necessary for growth, and the first green shoots will appear in a couple of weeks.

Potatoes sprout faster when their eyes are facing upward. As it grows, a strong root system will form, and there will be few voids in the soil. This planting will speed up the germination of tubers by several days.

After deepening the tubers, the surface of the holes should be mulched with high-moor peat. This will avoid the invasion of harmful insects, big lovers of the first tender shoots. Mulch will better warm the ground, which is very favorable for early germination. After a few days, it is necessary to carry out the first loosening to provide the tubers with fresh air. After this, the sprouts will appear much faster, even thin and frail ones, initially unsuitable for planting, will sprout.

When a varietal mixture is used, potato germination may vary. Early species will germinate after 10-15 days, and later ones are characterized by longer formation of sprouts.

What average term emergence of seedlings:

for southern regions - 10-14 days;
for middle latitudes - 2-3 weeks;
for northern regions - about a month.

How long should I wait for germination if germination time is significantly delayed? Experts say that if after 1.5 months of waiting no green leaves appear, then you should not expect a harvest. The reason for this may be poor seed material or rotting tubers. The next time a landing is carried out, it is necessary to take into account all the errors.

How many days does it take for potatoes to sprout after planting? What do we know about potatoes (interesting facts) How many varieties of potatoes are known in the world? (More than 3400.) What should be the average weight of seed tubers? (50–80 g) At what soil temperature should potatoes not be planted? (Below +7...+8 °C.) At what negative temperature air, the tops begin to turn black? (From –1 to –1.5 °C.). At what depth should tubers be planted? (For clay soils– 6–8 cm, for sandy loam 10–12 cm.) How many days do tubers usually germinate before planting? (30–35.) At what temperature is it best to germinate tubers? (8–14 °C.) How many days after planting do potato shoots usually appear? (After 20–30.) How many days after germination does flowering begin? (After 30–40.) How many days after planting do the early varieties harvest? (After 55–65.) How many days after planting do late varieties harvest? (More than 110.) What is the average potato yield in Russia? (250–300 c/ha.) How many stems does a potato bush usually consist of (4–5, less often 6–8.) How many days before harvesting is it recommended to remove the tops? (For 10–14.) What is it like optimal distance between rows and between tubers when planting manually? (70 cm and 30–40 cm.) If planting has to be done in parts of the tuber, what minimum mass should they have? (30 g.) How many eyes should there be on the cut part of the seed tuber? (1–2.) On average, how many buckets of potatoes are needed for planting on one hundred square meters? (3.) At what temperature is it best to store potatoes? (+5–7 °C.) At what temperature do the tubers develop a sweet taste? (+1–2 °C.) How long after the emergence of seedlings is the first hilling carried out? How long after the first hilling is the second hilling carried out? (Some tricks for growing potatoes) Potatoes are grown by all rural residents and many city dwellers. It is believed that it is easy to grow and everyone knows how to do it. In practice, potatoes actually grow almost everywhere; they are not as demanding as other types of root crops and caring for them is not very difficult. This is true, but what kind of potatoes will grow, what kind of harvest will be and at what time is often not taken into account, but in vain, your work must be appreciated and, in addition, the profitability of your farm and a very pleasant feeling of satisfaction with the results of your efforts depend on this. Everyone is accustomed to the fact that planted potatoes will sprout on the 21st day, will grow until autumn, and are harvested in September. This is traditional, with everyone together and of course there is no sales (mass cleaning is underway), there is no normal price, the income is either meager or zero. But if you work thoughtfully and diligently, you can have a completely different result. Do you want to grow an excellent harvest, harvest in June, sell at a good price and make a profit? I see you want it. Then be patient and read this page to the end. How to grow early potatoes. The site is selected on a hill that dries out earlier than others in the spring. The composition is better than loam. In the spring, add potassium and phosphorus. Early and mid-early varieties are taken. Germinate at a temperature of 12-15 degrees in 30-35 days. You can germinate in the light or in the basement with electric lighting, while the tubers are laid out in 2-3 layers. Every week, spray with copper sulfate, boric acid or potassium permanganate (m. vitriol - 2 g per 10 liters of water, b. acid - 50 g per 10 liters of water, potassium permanganate - 10 g per 10 liters of water). Tubers with short thick shoots are ready for planting. If germination has not been carried out, then a week before planting, you can keep the potatoes in a bright room at a temperature of 15 degrees to warm up. It is better to plant whole tubers - 70-80g (chicken egg), but you can also cut them, leaving 2-3 sprouts on each part. Cut 2-3 days before planting. Disinfect cutting knives (potassium permanganate) or heat them on fire for 10 seconds. Planting in late April - early May at a soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm equal to 8 degrees Celsius. If there is a threat of frost, hill up (you can fill up completely, it will break through). With a height of 10-12 cm, it is necessary to carry out hilling and loosening of row spacing. A month after planting, feed the sulfate with ammonium (25 g per sq. m.) or urea (12 g. per sq. m.). At the beginning of budding, the second feeding (potassium 30-50g per 10 liters of water). Cleaning can begin at the end of June. Completely harvest before August 1. After harvesting, for 10-15 days, green the potatoes in the light, which will be used for seeds. It is strictly forbidden to green food products. If you do everything as written, you will be in grief. Act with God! After planting potatoes, there is no need to worry at first; we all know that potatoes take a long time to sprout, and we just need to wait. But when there are still no shoots, you involuntarily begin to worry: is everything okay? Our relatives had a real case when the potatoes did not sprout at all! So, when should we expect potato sprouts to appear, why are they not friendly and why did our relatives’ potatoes not sprout... The dependence of the emergence of potato sprouts on soil temperature or When to plant potatoes? The most important factor in the successful emergence of potato seedlings is the soil temperature. If the soil has warmed up at a depth of 10-12 cm to 7..8 degrees (the average daily temperature is usually +8 degrees) - you can start planting potatoes. Of course, not All gardeners check the soil temperature with a thermometer in their hands. You can trust folk signs, or rather, natural conventional signs. For example, the time of flowering and blooming of perennial plants. When to plant potatoes? According to popular wisdom, we begin planting as soon as the leaves on the birch tree become the size of a penny coin. Signs of soil warming and natural indicators for the start of sowing - in THIS ARTICLE When will potato shoots appear? When the soil warms up to +10 degrees, potato seedlings appear in 23-25 days. At a soil temperature of 18-20 degrees, seedlings appear in 10-20 days. Sprouted potatoes sprout 6-10 days earlier. If planting occurs early, there is no need to bury the tubers, they will “sit” for a long time, the upper layers warm up faster, and if planted shallowly, the potatoes will sprout faster. If the soil moisture is more than 75%, planting potatoes is not advisable , in such conditions there is a high probability of tubers being damaged by putrefactive diseases. Why are there uneven shoots? There are several reasons for the appearance of uneven seedlings: Different planting depths. The soil warms up unevenly - and those tubers that are closer to the surface sprout earlier, those that lie deeper wait for warmer weather. Planting tubers of different sizes. Unevenly sprouted tubers, or not sprouted at all. A mixture of varieties of different ripening periods, with different dormant periods. You've probably noticed that each variety behaves differently during storage. Much depends on the rest period. Those varieties in which it is short are in no way intended for long-term storage, only for processing (for example, for chips). But there are also well-stored varieties - their dormant period is quite long. If you have a mixture of varieties, it is quite possible that seedlings will appear at different times. Can potatoes not sprout at all? Quite, our relatives had such a sad experience. And the whole issue turned out to be improper storage of planting material. The planting potatoes were stored in the cellar, as always, but... they were not poured out of white synthetic bags. So it stood in them until spring. Everything seemed to be fine, they planted potatoes, but they never saw shoots. Such negligence cost a lot of money and nerves; at the beginning of summer I had to look for new potatoes and plant them again. But now we all have a lesson - we try not to leave potatoes in white bags even for a short time and always remember this incident. Caring for potatoes after planting: detailed instructions HERE How many days should potato shoots appear? poligrafovna 2 years ago krusu 2 years ago I noticed that if I plant it in warm, damp soil, then after a week and a half the potatoes sprout normally. But at the same time, the planting material itself should be normal; if you harden the potatoes before planting for at least two weeks, then they will grow much better and suffer less. the author of the question chose this answer as the best commentfktif 2 years ago It all depends on the soil, the depth of planting of the tuber, humidity, ambient temperature, the seeds themselves (variety), the length of the sprouted eyes. In general, there are quite a lot of factors, on average it will germinate in one or two weeks and then unevenly, somewhere it will sprout, somewhere later, then you need to harrow, hill up, collect beetles - you won’t get around to it. And without manure, peas will grow, not potatoes. And if you sprinkle chemical fertilizers from the store, a large one will grow, but with nitrates. commentLarca more than a month ago We plant potatoes in late April - early May. And it happens that potatoes planted in April “sit” in the ground longer than those planted in May. Factors that come into play here are: warming up of the soil and air, humidity and variety. If the soil is well warmed up and moistened, and the vernalization of potatoes is carried out correctly, then expect potato seedlings to emerge in about 10 days. If you planted “like everyone else,” then in 2-3 weeks you should shoots will appear. comment Potatoes, correct landing tubers, care after planting When to plant potatoes correctly Tubers are planted when the soil temperature at a depth of 10 cm reaches 7-8 degrees. Usually in the Moscow region this happens in early May. A delay in planting potatoes entails a 30% loss of yield. Well-sprouted tubers for early potatoes can be planted a little earlier - at a soil temperature of 5-6 degrees. Experience shows that such early planting in insufficiently warmed soil gives a greater harvest than late planting in warmed soil. Potatoes are planted on a flat surface, and on waterlogged and heavy soils - in ridges. With this planting, the soil warms up better and more air flows to the tubers. Distance between rows of potatoes when planting Before planting, in order to evenly place the plants on the area, the area should be marked. To do this, use a marker to make shallow grooves along which the planting is carried out. For the first pass of the marker, pull the cord along which its outermost tooth is guided. You can plant tubers directly under the cord, but this is less convenient and takes more time. To increase productivity after planting, the soil can be mulched (sprinkled with a 2-3 cm layer of peat). The optimal distance between rows of potatoes for early-ripening varieties is 70-75 cm, for late-ripening varieties - 80-90 cm. Planting density depends on the size of potato tubers. Small ones are planted after 18-20 cm, medium and large ones after 26-28 cm. Tubers are planted on heavy soils to a depth of 6-8 cm, on light soils - 8-10 cm, counting the distance from the soil surface to the tuber. With such planting, approximately 350 large tubers, 450 medium ones, 500 and smaller ones will be required per hundred square meters. Caring for potatoes after planting Caring for potatoes mainly comes down to keeping the soil loose and eliminating weeds. Harrowing potatoes. The first harrowing is carried out 4-5 days after planting. Then two or three more before germination and one or two after the plants appear on the surface. Typically, 16-28 days pass from planting to germination. Loosening and hilling potatoes. After the rows are well defined and the plants have sprouted so much that it is impossible to harrow, they begin to loosen the rows. The first time the soil is loosened deeply - by 12-14 cm, and the second and third shallower - by 6-8 cm. When the plants reach a height of 12-15 cm, the first hilling is carried out, with a ridge height of 15-20 cm. The second time the potatoes are earthed up before by closing the tops. Feeding potatoes after planting. Before loosening the rows and hilling, it is advisable to feed the plants. This is especially important for mid-season and late potato varieties. It is enough to carry out two feedings. The first time, you can pour two handfuls of humus under each bush with the addition of two teaspoons of ammonium nitrate, or add two handfuls of ash mixed with the same amount of earth, or add 15 g of chicken droppings. For the second feeding, dilute 2 tbsp in 10 liters of water. spoons of superphosphate and 1 tbsp. a spoonful of nitrophoska. The plants are watered at the roots with this solution, and then watered with clean water. Keep in mind that fertilizing is given only during the initial development of plants. After flowering, they lead to late ripening of tubers and the accumulation of nitrates in them. Potatoes under mulch If there is a lack of moisture, potatoes are watered in furrows or by sprinkling. Drought 2-3 weeks after emergence, during the appearance of buds and in early August, when the tubers are growing, can significantly reduce the yield. After watering, the soil must be loosened so that a crust does not form. Advice: To avoid damaging the potatoes, keep in mind that in hot and dry weather you should not carry out deep loosening around the bushes or hill up the plants. This leads to dehydration and overheating of the soil, stops the growth of tubers and contributes to the emergence of diseases. During drought, shallow loosening of row spacing is sufficient.

The article will provide tips and techniques for growing potatoes.

Potatoes are the main crop in many countries around the world. It is grown on personal plots many summer residents. However, potato yields are not always as high as we would like.

For greater yields, you need to choose the right potato varieties that are resistant to diseases and pests
You need to experiment with planting methods, because the method may differ in each region. It depends on the climate, soil conditions, humidity
The right fertilizers can ensure health and proper growth for your potatoes and increase productivity
Protection from pests and diseases is an important stage in growing potatoes. Colorado potato beetles and late blight are the most common problems in all regions
Land preparation, hilling and weeding of bushes also affect the quantity and quality of the harvest.

Potato varieties for planting: photo, description

Early potato varieties:

These potato varieties can be dug up within 45 - 60 days after planting
"Ariel" is a potato with medium-sized tubers, yellow flesh and skin. Susceptible to late blight. The pulp is resistant to blackening. The variety quickly grows tubers, but with diseases this process slows down
"Riviera" - potatoes with oval yellow tubers. Rarely subject to blackening. Not resistant to diseases, which is why it requires additional processing
“Izora” is a potato with white skin and light flesh. It has a medium-sized bush, ready for harvest 50 - 65 days after planting. Has good taste. Not resistant to diseases
“Impala” - this variety has high yields and large tubers. However, it is better to grow it in regions with warm climate

Variety "Riviera"

Mid-season potato varieties:

“Dubrava” is a variety of Belarusian selection. It has medium round fruits with a dense brownish skin. Loves mineral fertilizers and is resistant to drought. Resistant to nematode and cancer. Moderately resistant to late blight
“Skarb” is an oblong shaped potato variety with yellow soft skin and light yellow flesh. It is recommended to practice germination beforehand, since seedlings germinate quite slowly. Takes root well on all types of soils, resistant to diseases
“Universal” is a potato with brownish-colored tubers and rough skin. The pulp is white. The variety is well stored and resistant to damage, pests and diseases

Variety "Impala"

Late-ripening potato varieties:

Choosing the time to plant potatoes - important factor in obtaining a good harvest. There are several rules that will clearly help you choose the time to plant potatoes in any region:

Soil and air temperature is a very important factor. In cold soil, potatoes simply will not germinate, and if the air temperature drops sharply, the sprouts will simply freeze
The soil must have a temperature above 6 degrees at a depth of up to 10 cm
The air temperature should not drop below -1 degree, there should be no severe frosts at night
Another important nuance- soil moisture. After abundant melting of snow, you cannot immediately begin planting. The soil should be moist but loose

The main factor is soil temperature. The potatoes will remain in the ground for some time and will not be affected by external temperatures. It’s also not worth delaying the landing, waiting for the weather to warm up.

Approximate time to plant potatoes in different regions:

In the Urals and Moscow region, it is better to start planting in the first half of May, after the May holidays
In Siberia the temperature is lower, so planting begins in late May - early June
IN Southern regions Russia and Ukraine - at the end of April - early May
In the south of Ukraine - in mid-April

Also, you can check with lunar calendar for planting potatoes. However, you should not rely on it completely. After all, it does not take into account regional characteristics, but only the influence of the forces of the Moon on plants

The best predecessors for potatoes:

Cabbage
Beet
Salad
cucumbers
Peas, beans
Pumpkin
Zucchini

Potatoes should not be planted after:

Tomatov
Pertsev
Eggplant

Do potatoes need watering when planting?

When planting potatoes, you should not water them. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, the soil should already be moist at the time of planting. Secondly, the tuber for planting already contains a certain amount of moisture, which it will transfer to the future sprout
Watering for potatoes is needed, well, at a different period. When the buds appear and the drought begins. Watering should be done at the root so that moisture does not get on the leaves.

Treatment of potatoes when planting against the Colorado potato beetle

Treatment of crops against the Colorado potato beetle begins even before planting potatoes. When processing, use special chemicals which are sold in gardening stores
Then the potatoes are processed after the sprouts have grown by 15 cm. For this, a special solution is used: 150 g per 10 liters of water copper sulfate. This procedure must be done in two stages. Second stage - 12 days after the first
The famous drug “Prestige” fights Colorado potato beetles well, but has a toxic composition. It can only be used if harvesting is scheduled for August
The safest way is to collect pests and their larvae by hand. This procedure must be done as needed
A folk remedy is to use a decoction of wormwood, which repels beetles. You can regularly spray the bushes with it
Also, mint, sage, matiola, and calendula can be placed between the bushes. These plants repel Colorado beetles

How long does it take for potatoes to sprout after planting?

If the soil temperature at planting was below 10 degrees, then seedlings will appear on the 20th - 25th day
If higher, then after 15 - 20 days
Sprouted tubers sprout much faster (on average, a week)
To make the tubers sprout faster, it is better not to bury them to great depths. Especially if frosts are not expected
To ensure uniform germination, you need to choose tubers of the same size and variety. They need to be germinated for the same amount of time.

Distance when planting potatoes between rows, holes

Potato variety determines the best spacing between rows
Early varieties are best planted at a distance of 60 - 70 cm
Late varieties - at least 70 cm, well, better - about 80 - 85 cm
When calculating the distance between holes, also take into account the variety. It is better to plant early varieties at a distance of 20 - 25 cm, late and middle ones - more than 30 cm

Potato planting depth

For northern and central latitudes, the depth should be 10 - 12 cm, for southern latitudes 14 - 16 cm
Also, planting depth depends on soil type.
Light soils - about 12 cm
Heavy soils - up to 10 cm
Peaty soils - up to 7 cm

How to grow a second potato crop?

There are several prerequisites that will allow you to grow two potato crops in temperate and southern latitudes:

Sufficiently fertilized and fertile soil. To fulfill this condition, it needs to be fertilized starting in the fall. Next, apply fertilizer at each planting and during growth.
Choosing a potato variety. In order for it to have time to grow and ripen, early varieties are needed
Complete thawing of snow and warming of the soil. The weather conditions, especially in the central regions, are not always pleasing with early warmth. But there are a few tricks that will help warm the soil faster
As soon as the snow melts and the frosts end, the soil is watered hot water(up to 65 degrees). And then early varieties are planted
It is necessary to germinate potatoes before each planting.

Technology for growing young and early potatoes

The tubers definitely need to be sprouted. This is done in a bright and fairly warm room (up to 15 degrees) a month before planting the potatoes in the ground. Potato tubers need to be turned over periodically so that they germinate evenly
To receive new potatoes V as soon as possible early varieties are planted in prepared furrows. It is necessary to maintain the distance (50 -60 cm between rows, 20 -25 cm between tubers)
If frost suddenly sets in, the potatoes need to be covered with film, hay or tops
Sometimes you need to water the potatoes, the soil should not be too wet. The ideal interval between waterings is a week - 10 days.
When flowering ends, young potatoes can be dug up. It is better to dig up the tubers gradually as they are used

Method of planting and growing potato sprouts

This technology has been known for quite a long time. Its essence is growing potatoes without using tubers. To grow new bushes we need sprouts, which are obtained during germination
These sprouts settle like seedlings into reinforced soil
There are two types of sprouts - light and shadow. Shady ones appear when germinated in a warm but dark place. Light - in light and moderate temperatures. Light sprouts are more durable and do not break
First, the tubers need to be planted in peat cups, fertilized and wait for germination. Then, these sprouts should be separated and transplanted into separate peat pots with soil
When the sprouts take root, they can be transplanted into the soil to a permanent place
Only mid-season and late potato varieties are suitable for this method.
Plus this method— significant savings in seed material. The downside is the cost of labor and time. No difference in yield was found

How to plant and grow potatoes without digging up the soil?

In the classic planting method, digging up the soil is important stage when growing any crops. It allows the soil to become saturated with oxygen and raise fertile layers
However, as practice shows, yields are not always different
This is especially true for planting methods when planting is carried out at shallow depths. In this case, loosening with a rake is sufficient.
True, there are also disadvantages. The first is the difficulty of harvesting. The second is root crops that are smaller in size than with dug up soil

Why does hilling help increase potato yield?

When hilling, the tubers grow up the stem. Thanks to this, the harvest is better and larger, and the bush itself is stronger
Hilling allows you to saturate the soil with oxygen and nutrients, which will affect productivity
It protects the plant from frost, strong winds and other bad weather.
Hilling improves the supply of moisture to the root system of the plant
This procedure reduces the number of weeds, and therefore the labor costs for weeding
Processing and harvesting potatoes with hilled beds is much easier

Video: Method of growing potatoes without hilling and weeding

Using various germination technologies and varietal characteristics, I accelerated the time of potato germination and significantly increased the yield.

Potatoes are an important nutritional component; they store well and are unpretentious to growing conditions. Therefore, it is grown everywhere for themselves and for sale. The harvest largely depends on how friendly, timely and strong the seedlings are.

If the tubers are not germinated first, you need to be patient while waiting for the shoots. But it happens that high-quality seed produces late, uneven or sparse seedlings. Here are the factors that influence this.

The appearance of the first shoots depends on the temperature of the soil. Germination is affected by night and morning frosts, which inhibit the development of the crop. You can start planting tubers at a temperature of at least +10°C. In this case, after planting, the potatoes sprout on the 20-25th day. When the soil temperature ranges from +11 to +18°C, sprouts appear on the 15-20th day. If the soil warms up above +19°C, seedlings will appear within a week.

These indicators are relevant for ordinary seed potatoes. If you plant germinated tubers, they will hatch 3–5 days earlier than the specified time.

It is worth considering that root vegetables early boarding They do not deepen them much, because the lower layers of the soil do not warm up well. And in such conditions the culture does not germinate.

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Potato germination

As has already happened, everyone plants potatoes in May, they grow all summer and, traditionally, harvesting in September. Almost all gardeners do this, so the demand, as well as the profit from sales, is significantly small.

Therefore, in order to grow a good harvest, and also make money on it, you need to know how fast do potatoes grow and the reasons why you can lose the harvest.

How many days do potatoes usually take to sprout after planting?

When the earth has warmed up to 10 degrees, then the first potato sprouts begin to appear. This happens approximately in 25 days. If the temperature remains within +20 degrees for a long time, then seedlings may appear and on day 15.

When planting any sprouted potatoes, germination occurs after 7 days.

The first potato shoots appear at about 15-20 days, depending on the temperature

For quick receipt yields in the early stages, should be planted shallow into the ground. Since when planted deeply, the tubers will be stuck in their development due to unheated soil. For quick germination, potatoes need to be planted in top layer soil.

If the soil moisture reaches 75%, then planting is undesirable; you need to wait a little. Putrefactive diseases can attack here.

Dependence on variety

Basically, sprouts of any potato variety appear a month after landing. There are special types potatoes that can be dug after 40 days from the moment the crop was planted.

These are the varieties:

Early ripening
Ultra early ripening.

If you choose large seeds for planting, then the fruits will be large

Tubers should be taken large, because they form a large bush and the fruits will be large.

To plant early potatoes, you need to take healthy seeds; they must be hard, not cracked and free from diseases.

Reasons for uneven germination

There are several reasons for uneven seed germination:

Potato seeds were planted to different soil depths. Since the soil warms up unevenly in the spring, the germination rate will be different;
The tubers had different shapes;
When planting the tubers were germinated unevenly;
Use of planting material of various varieties.

Risk of potatoes not sprouting at all

There were cases when potatoes did not sprout at all. It seems that all the technologies have been followed, but not a single sprout has appeared. It was such a sad experience storing seeds in white bags. Due to the fact that the potatoes spent the entire storage time in these bags, their germination rate came to zero.

Under no circumstances should seeds be stored in white synthetic bags.

Therefore, any gardener knows that tubers cannot be stored in white synthetic bags.

Tricks of gardeners to guarantee germination

For a good harvest, the variety, as well as the time of planting, play a role. But there are a couple of tricks to get better effect when cleaning.

Before planting potatoes you need fertilize the soil. The use of fertilizers is also necessary during the growth process.
When the tubers are just planted in the ground, they need to be watered with any type of complex fertilizer. After this, shoots will appear much earlier.
After landing you can mulch with peat. This will protect the tubers from harmful insects.
After a couple of days you need loosen the ground, so that the tubers are saturated with fresh air.

Timely loosening is one of the tricks for good germination

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Planting order for proper germination

To get a good potato harvest you need to use selected seeds. Gardeners generally approach their preparation in the fall.

Tubers must be of the correct shape without visible damage.

Then you need them green up. This way they are stored better and are not subject to rodent infestation. But here it is necessary to store separately from edible potatoes, due to the acquired content of poisonous solanine.

Before planting, the seed material is again sorted and ventilated. Then it is treated with a solution of boric acid and water.

Then a landing site is selected. It is advisable not to plant potatoes in the same place for several years in a row. The soil needs to be well fertilized. If there is not enough sand, the potatoes will not grow well.

Need to plant deep about 8 cm. Not too many, because overgrown bushes will interfere with each other’s growth. They will not ventilate and a disease called late blight may occur.

Tubers for planting must have eyes. For quick germination, you need to plant with the eyes facing upward. This will lead to rapid germination.

Tubers for planting must have eyes

Planting time is carried out when the soil is warm enough and the nights are warm enough, without frost. Mostly the weather is like this early May. Suitable for seeds of early varieties mid-April.

If the time has come to plant potatoes, but it is clear that the ground is not properly warmed up, you can plant it shallowly, about 6 cm. Even the weak rays of the sun at such a planting depth will sufficiently warm the tubers.

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Why don't potatoes sprout?

Potatoes take a long time to sprout unevenly for various reasons:

If there are sharp changes in temperature during the day compared to night, the vegetable tubers will lie in the ground without germinating. As soon as it gets warmer, green potato sprouts will begin to appear. The plant is able to withstand minor drops. But weather disasters in the form of severe frosts will destroy the seed material. Then, instead of sprouts, the potatoes sprout, forming miniature nodules.
Soil moisture is important for crop growth. Excessively dry soil does not provide enough moisture and nutrition to the nodules. They dry up without ever emerging. There is a lot of moisture, its stagnation in the area will lead to rotting of the nodules.

The depth at which the seeds are planted depends on the composition of the soil. Tubers are buried 8–10 centimeters in heavy clay soils, and 12–15 centimeters in light sandy loam soils. Then the potatoes germinate faster and on time.

Potatoes grow poorly on poor lands. Therefore, when digging the site, humus, superphosphate and potassium salt are added. You can put fertilizers in each hole during planting.
It is necessary to harrow the area for vegetable crops. The procedure is especially important for virgin lands. Unbroken lumps of soil will not allow potatoes to grow.
One of the potato field pests, mole crickets, prevent seedlings from appearing. The gnawed tubers without eyes will lie in the ground and rot.

The quality of the seed material must be high, otherwise the sprouts will not sprout.

Seed quality

You should not wait for early potato shoots if tubers of different sizes and with poor-quality sprouts were planted.

What kind of seed material should be:

each tuber has several large eyes;
large potatoes, approximately the same size;
the sprouts are thick, not very long;
there are no damaged areas or traces of putrefactive processes on the tubers;
Before planting, potatoes were treated with moderate doses of fungicides.

Each shoot is formed from an eye, so shoots will appear only if they are present. Even one “empty” tuber can ruin the harvest in the hole. Ungerminated seed will become a source of rot or mold. Small nodules will germinate only after 4-5 weeks, but the seedlings will be frail and non-viable. For planting, experienced gardeners recommend choosing potatoes over 40-50 g. The amount of harvest harvested in the summer depends on how much the tubers weigh.

You cannot select tubers for planting in spring on a residual basis. In this case, the potatoes will sprout only after 25-30 days, and the sprouts will be weak and overly elongated. A gardener should not expect a rich harvest from such seed.

How long does it take to soak:

medium-sized potatoes - 10-15 minutes;
large tubers - about half an hour.

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Planting order

In order for the planted potatoes to germinate on time, you need to ensure proper preparation for planting and caring for crops. All work begins in the fall and continues throughout the growing season.

Plot

Potatoes prefer to grow in nutritious soil, so humus is added to the soil during digging. For normal development, one bucket per 1 sq.m. is enough. In spring, the soil is thoroughly plowed, removing plant debris. The lack of microelements affects not only fertility, but also the germination of raw materials.

When choosing a site, give preference to a well-lit place. In the shade, the crop develops poorly, and the timing of hatching from seeds may be delayed. Do not forget about the rules of crop rotation - do not plant vegetables after nightshade species. Recommended predecessors:

green manure;
zucchini;
garlic;
legumes

A week before planting, you can start laying out the beds. Remember that the plant will not produce a bountiful harvest in soil that is too dense, so it is necessary to “dilute” the structure with sand. Two tablespoons of superphosphate are poured into the bottom of each hole, after which the plantation is covered with polyethylene.

Preparation of raw materials

To get a good potato harvest, you need to take only high-quality varietal seeds. Under favorable conditions, potato seedlings appear a month after planting. However, there are varieties of the popular root vegetable that will delight a bountiful harvest 6 weeks after digging into the ground. If you want to get young potatoes, then we recommend choosing early-ripening and ultra-early varieties.

Harvesting begins in the fall after the last harvest. Select correct, even tubers, without damage or stains. The raw materials are left for several days under the diffused sun for greening. Such fruits are perfectly stored until the next season, and low-quality specimens appear immediately.

In the spring, the sorted and sorted seeds are transferred to a room with access to light and a temperature of 15 to 20 C. We advise you to lay out the products in two layers on racks or in vegetable boxes. After 3 weeks, shoots with roots appear on the potatoes. Before starting work, remove all ungerminated specimens or those with irregular shape(single, thread-like).

If you don’t have time to sprout potatoes, then you can give preference to heating. The procedure begins 10 days before planting in the ground. To do this, the raw materials are left in the dark at an elevated temperature - 18-20 C. A longer stay in such conditions leads to the formation of long shoots, which break off when buried in the ground.

Large tubers take longer to germinate than small ones. Huge fruits take a long time to form large bushes with a highly developed root system. If you don’t want to get giant specimens, then give preference to medium-sized raw materials - no larger than a chicken egg.

You cannot take tubers without eyes, otherwise you may not see shoots at all. The potatoes should be healthy, without cracks or dents. In addition, it is prohibited to store seed in white plastic bags. Under such conditions, pipping is zero.

To ensure the health of the raw materials, we recommend cutting two potatoes for inspection. Additionally, pay attention to the shoots of sprouted tubers. The shoots should be short and thick. The longer the branches, the more likely they are to break during transportation or planting.

Landing

In order for potatoes to sprout, you need to bury them to a depth of 8 to 10 cm; the recommended planting pattern is 80x35 cm. Some gardeners prefer to place the tubers more densely, but densely planted vegetation will interfere with development. The tops are poorly blown by the wind, which increases the likelihood of getting late blight.

The first hilling is carried out after the seedlings reach 10 cm. Carefully sprinkle the bushes with soil, which is collected next to the bed. The plant takes root deeper into the ground, which will provide excellent protection from frost and help produce a bountiful harvest.

Potatoes began to sprout eight days after planting

The second turn of the cucumber 2017 emerges - 3 days after planting

As soon as the tops grow to 40 cm, a second hilling can be carried out. To avoid exposing the underground parts, it is necessary to carefully cover them with soil. At the same time, the rows are weeded, removing weeds. To facilitate further maintenance, the plantings are mulched with sawdust.

When growing root crops, it is important to adhere to the rules of agricultural technology. Knowing how many days it takes for potatoes to sprout, you can ensure the most comfortable conditions for a crop such as potatoes.

Reason for uneven emergence

“Bald spots” in a potato bed can most often be observed after planting non-vernalized tubers. Bought at the market from an “unidentified person”, donated by “ good neighbors", potatoes brought from a chain store may not sprout for various reasons:

illness;
eyes damaged by frost due to improper storage;
To preserve the goods, the trading network treats vegetables with special reagents that inhibit the germination process;
seed material is collected according to the principle “from one source to another” - tubers different varieties, unequal in size;
planting was carried out at different depths.

The conclusions are obvious - seed tubers should be purchased only from a trusted seller, stored in proper conditions and agricultural practices should be followed.

If potatoes rise unevenly, the reasons may be:

different planting depths - tubers located close to the soil surface warm up better and germinate faster;
different sizes of planting material;
one batch may contain unsprouted and partially sprouted tubers;
a mixture of varieties in one bed - a mixture of planting material of early and late varieties produces uneven seedlings.

Germination is influenced by proper selection and preparation of planting potatoes

Acceleration methods

In the south of the country, gardeners manage to grow root crops twice a season. This is largely due to the air temperature and the type of vegetable. Some tricks also help speed up germination from the moment of planting:

During site preparation, organic and mineral fertilizers are applied to the soil. But fresh manure is not used for potato beds.
Before planting, the tubers must be germinated.
Root crops are planted with their eyes facing up.
After planting, the soil is mulched to protect the sprouts from pests. This layer warms the tubers, which speeds up germination.
5–7 days after planting, the soil is carefully loosened to a depth of 1–2 cm. Then more air reaches the roots.
After germination, the planting is fertilized with urea or ammonium sulfate. Thanks to these fertilizers, plants begin to bloom and bloom faster.

Mid-April is suitable for planting early varieties. But at this time the soil does not always warm up to the required temperature. If the weather is cold, potatoes are planted in the soil to a depth of no more than 5–6 cm. The weak rays of the April sun still warm the tubers and the plant sprouts.

Sprout potatoes in a ventilated, bright room. Root vegetables are placed in wooden boxes filled with sawdust or sand. Once a week, planting material is treated with a solution of potassium permanganate, copper sulfate or boric acid. Such preparation will help to grow a large bush, and the fruits of the crop will be large.

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Technology for planting potatoes in open ground and its impact on the timing of emergence

Depending on climatic and soil conditions, potatoes in personal plots open ground grow in various ways: from traditional, “grandfather’s”, to special ones - for straw, according to Mittleider and others.

Planting potatoes with whole or cut tubers to a depth of 10-12 cm in holes has been practiced by summer residents to the point of automaticity: one digs, the other throws. A simple method proven by generations of experience gives excellent results with careful care and favorable weather conditions.

The start of planting work can be hampered by a prolonged spring - cold and damp, when the soil does not have time to warm up and ripen, this delays the time of planting.

If the tubers are set for vernalization, the sprouts overgrow, which leads to a deterioration in germination and productivity of the bed as a whole.

Planting tubers without prior germination (directly from the cellar) delays the emergence of seedlings by up to 4 weeks.

It turned out that the progressive “Dutch” method of planting in ridges had long been used, without knowing it, by residents of the northern regions. The soil raised to the “ridge” warms up well even under the mild northern sun. Wide row spacing and a large area of the lateral surface of the “ridge” create favorable conditions by soil temperature and ventilation, which allows earlier planting and seedling dates to be used, even by 1-2 weeks.

Compared to a conventional garden bed, the use of “Dutch technology” not only shifts the timing, but also gives a significant increase in the harvest due to a more complete use of natural resources - light, heat, water.

The currently popular method of growing tubers under straw has many advantages, the main ones:

labor costs are kept to a minimum - there is no need to dig, loosen, or hill;
no weeding is needed - weeds do not grow through the mulch layer;
Tubers can be selected as they grow without damaging the roots of the plant.

Spread the tubers on the garden bed and sprinkle with a layer of straw - anyone can do this. For everything to be successful, the following conditions must be met:

warm, moist soil;
vernalized potatoes;
straw or mown grass, layer thickness - at least 10 cm.

Compliance with the first point is mandatory. Tubers may not germinate at all, since a thick layer of mulch serves as a thermal insulator - protecting the soil from heating.

The time for “planting” potatoes under straw is delayed by 1-2 weeks compared to traditional way“under the shovel” plantings. Green potato leaves on a straw bed and a regular bed will appear at the same time. The difference in planting time will not be noticeable, since a favorable microclimate is created under the mulch layer.

What to do, how to speed up the germination of potatoes?

When the potatoes have not sprouted in the field after twenty days, you need to dig holes and look at the condition of the tubers. If there are not even sprouts on them or the seeds have rotted, then such vegetable plantings will be of no use. For potatoes to bear fruit, you must:

prepare tubers before planting, discarding beaten, cut, damaged ones;
carry out germination of seed material;
place the tubers in boxes with peat, humus, a moistened solution of mineral salts: 30 grams of superphosphate, 20 grams of potassium salt per bucket of water;
choose a vegetable variety that suits the area;
choose a day for planting, taking into account the weather and climate.

It is important to prepare the area for cultivation in a timely manner. The field is prepared in the fall after harvesting. Dig or plow the soil, adding humus. Harrowing the area will allow you to break up the dense layers of soil.

Taking into account the “three tens” rules - planting depth of 10 centimeters, soil temperature of 10 degrees - the first potato sprouts are obtained in 10 days.

Trying new potatoes as soon as possible is the understandable desire of every summer resident. Get early shoots, and therefore early harvest tubers in a small garden bed is quite possible.

The easiest way is to cover the bed with film or agrofibre immediately after planting. You can use any film - black or transparent. A greenhouse effect is created under the film, the bed quickly heats up, and the shelter does not allow the soil to cool down overnight. How long it takes for seedlings to appear depends on the following factors: within 1 week (vernalized tubers) or 2 weeks (without germination).

For this purpose, it is convenient to plant a separate double row, and above it install a simple shelter on arches. In greenhouse conditions, potatoes can grow until summer weather sets in.

Rules for caring for potato plantings

Before the vegetable shoots appear, the area is harrowed, loosening the soil to a depth of 4–5 centimeters. For the procedure, choose a sunny, dry day so that the emerging weeds die.

Harrowing is also necessary when the sprouts hatch, the second time when the stems reach ten centimeters in height. The rows are loosened perpendicularly to a depth of seven centimeters.

Feeding the plantings vegetable crop depending on the composition of the soil. A solution of wood ash or superphosphate with potassium salt is added to the moist, rich soil. Poor soils need superphosphate with ammonium nitrate and potassium salts. 30–50 grams of superphosphate, 10–15 grams of ammonium nitrate and 15–20 grams of potassium salt are dissolved in ten liters of water. From organic matter, mullein is taken in a ratio of 1:5 or bird droppings - 1:12. Mineral fertilizers alternate with organic ones.

U The process for growing potatoes after germination consists of:

watering during the formation of tubers;
hilling twice per season;
vegetable pest control.

All types of care are aimed at providing the plant with moisture and nutrition. Hilling will cause the formation of underground stems on which a second tier of tubers will form.

If the formation of ovaries is weak and the stem is strong, the rows of the vegetable are fertilized with ash or fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium.

Potatoes grow quickly if preparation for planting and care of the crop are properly organized.

Landing

Plants are not ventilated enough, and there is a risk of developing late blight. Often planted plants are difficult to hill up; some of the tubers may turn green and become unsuitable for consumption.

Potatoes did not rise - error analysis

Mistakes made during landing can lead to problems.

If there is no confidence in the quality of the seed tubers, planting should be carried out only after germination. If the eyes do not “wake up” within 1 week of vernalization, there is a high probability that it is useless to expect sprouts. It is urgent to look for a replacement: healthy tubers without damage from frost or disease.

Sprouted potatoes are difficult to tolerate low temperatures. Sprouts rot under the influence of frost, attracting underground living creatures - mole crickets, May beetle larvae and others.

Insects after hibernation They are unusually voracious and capable of destroying the entire plantation even before germination.

Planting in cold soil inhibits the movement of juices and the development of sprouts. Temperatures up to 10°C are not conducive to the development of potato bushes, but are quite favorable for colonies of fungi, viruses and microorganisms. A tuber affected by disease stops growing or grows weak.

In any case, even when the reason for the “non-germination” is beyond doubt, you should dig up the nest and make sure your guesses are correct or incorrect in order to draw conclusions for the future.

100% potato germination is real

Experienced summer residents know how to achieve maximum germination of planted tubers and thereby increase the productivity of the potato bed.

Compliance with the rules of crop rotation reduces the risk of potato diseases at the stage of bush formation.
Preparing the bed in the fall guarantees structured, nutritious soil by the time the tubers are planted.
Seed material must be germinated.
During vernalization, it is useful to treat tubers with a solution complex fertilizers by spraying.
On the eve of planting, it is advisable to treat the tubers with a growth stimulator. This speeds up metabolism and increases productivity.