Owners suburban areas Wide rolls of geotextile fabric are increasingly used in landscaping. What is this material and for what purposes is it used? Let's try to figure it out. Non-woven material made from interwoven synthetic polymer fibers has excellent quality characteristics: it is wear-resistant and does not rot. Thanks to optimal combination characteristics, geotextiles are convenient to use in many areas of human activity: in land management, in construction, landscape design.
- Needle-punched geotextiles– created by pulling fastening threads through the warp using a barbed needle. It has excellent strength and excellent water permeability, due to which it is widely used in the construction of drainage systems.
- Thermally bonded geotextile– produced under the influence heat treatment fabrics in which synthetic fibers are melted and more rigidly bonded to each other. It has a dense structure, high tensile strength, but lower filtration qualities.
Thanks to a special manufacturing technology, geotextiles have a number of undeniable advantages, the main ones among which are:
- Environmental friendliness. Geotextiles are not subject to decomposition into chemical components, thereby not causing harm to human health and the environment.
- Strength. Non-woven material is resistant to mechanical damage, piercing and tearing loads. The significant elongation of the material before breaking, which occurs due to the infinite length of the threads, virtually eliminates its damage during installation.
- Impact resistance environment. It does not rot, does not silt or rot, and is resistant to ultraviolet radiation, acids, alkalis and organic substances.
- Easy to install. The material is produced in the form of small and lightweight rolls, which are convenient to transport and, if necessary, saw in half using a regular hand saw. The material itself is convenient to cut with a knife or scissors during application.
- Economical in price. With excellent quality characteristics, the cost of geotextiles is quite low, due to which they are widely used both in industrial construction and for domestic needs in the development of suburban areas.
The possibilities of using the material amaze with the versatility of agrofibre. At the same time, with the release of new brands of geotextiles, the range of use of the material is constantly growing.
Geotextiles are among environmentally friendly materials: under the influence ultraviolet radiation does not form any by-products
Thermally bonded geotextiles are used in road construction, agriculture, when strengthening slopes and banks of reservoirs
How can geotextiles be used on a site?
Geotextiles allow you to implement any ideas for geoplastic transformation of the landscape on a site. Using non-woven material, you can create new design compositions, transforming appearance plot.
Option #1 – improving the quality of garden paths
It is difficult to imagine a site without winding paths running deep into the garden. When planning their arrangement, you always want the result to be a beautiful and functional element of landscape design that will serve you well for more than one season.
The use of agrofibre allows you to maintain decorative properties and extend service life. After all, even installing a small path on a site requires a lot of effort: excavating soil, backfilling the underlying “cushion,” laying the coating itself. But during operation, when layers of gravel or sand gradually sink into the ground, depressions, bumps and irregularities begin to appear on the surface of the path.
A layer of geotextile laid between the soil and gravel backfill allows you to evenly redistribute the load and prevent mixing of layers
It is convenient to use non-woven material when arranging sandy paths and gravel areas. Geotextiles placed between the soil and the backfill material optimize compaction so that the fill material has virtually no penetration into the soil. And this will significantly reduce consumption bulk material– and therefore overall savings. In addition, the canvas will facilitate the rapid outflow of water and prevent the germination of weeds and grasses. On swampy and soft areas soil, non-woven material will perform the function of durable reinforcement.
Option #2 – waterproofing artificial reservoirs
When making a children's sandbox, so that the sand does not trample into the ground and does not mix with the ground, you just need to cover the bottom of the pit with a layer of geotextile
Option #4 – arrangement of foundations and retaining walls
The strength and durability of any building directly depends on the reliability of its foundation. If we talk about concrete types of foundations, then capillary wetting causes considerable damage to them groundwater. Thermally bonded geotextiles help improve the waterproofing of a monolithic foundation.
When arranging foundations, geotextiles are used to separate fine-grained soil and gravel fill in order to prevent mixing of layers, and at the same time capillary wetting of walls
The material can simultaneously perform two functions: to separate layers and provide effective drainage, preventing prolonged surface contact concrete base with moisture.
Option #5 – green roof
By planting cultivated plants in the holes made in the canvas, you provide the plants with comfortable conditions for development, and save yourself from labor-intensive weeding
It's no secret that many ornamental plants“picky” by nature. They demand special care, preferring a special soil composition, which often differs from the prevailing soil on the site.
Delimit different types fertile soils, creating improvised “pockets” for planting certain varieties, you can use the same geotextiles
Creating an artificial landscape on depleted soils requires the development of a fertile layer, which, under the influence of natural conditions, is washed out into thinner layers. An additional layer of canvas will prevent contamination of infertile soils and their leaching. Thanks to non-woven fabric Plant roots will not grow into infertile soils.
Off-season night frosts also pose a great danger to plants. The material will also help out in the hot summer months, covering the delicate foliage from the scorching heat. sun rays.
Using agrofibre, you can also protect the above-ground parts of plants. To do this, during cold weather it is enough to cover them with a cloth.
Geotextiles are a universal material, the use of which does not require special skills. Its use greatly simplifies work in the garden and landscaping.
Today, an increasing number of land owners use geotextiles to protect against weeds and improve their plots. This is a material that is unique in its performance qualities and allows you to solve many issues related to gardening and landscaping. Even the most well-groomed garden plot is gradually overgrown with weeds. This problem is as old as agriculture. IN different times people fought with unwanted vegetation in different ways - they weeded it, trampled it, burned it and poisoned it. Thanks to the invention of geotextile, all this is now a thing of the past. It allows you to quickly and effectively destroy weeds over large areas without spending effort and money.
This material is sold in the form of long strips of various widths rolled into rolls. Geofabric is made from an innovative material - polypropylene.
According to the manufacturing method, the following types of canvases are distinguished:
- Needle-punched. The material is produced by the woven method, when polypropylene threads are secured to a dense base with a special needle. Black geotextiles of this type allow moisture to pass through well and are used to create drainage systems. As a rule, it is laid in the ground on different depths, depending on the characteristics of the task being performed.
- Thermally bonded. It consists of many long threads welded together under pressure. It has limited water throughput and increased strength. The finished material has green, gray, brown and black colors, which allows it to be used in the ground and on the surface.
To understand why it is worth making your choice in favor of geofabric, we should briefly dwell on its advantages.
Advantages of geotextiles
The use of new technologies in the production of geotextiles has made it possible to create a material with a lot of unique performance characteristics.
Geotextile fabric has the following advantages:
The wide color range of geofabric allows it to be laid on the ground without subsequent masking. The canvases reliably imitate green lawn or a dug up bed. This allows without special effort and costs to create a beautiful and exotic landscape on a personal plot.
Geotextiles in garden paths
No such thing local area, which its owners do not equip with paths. As a rule, tiles are used for this various configurations. There is no greater enemy to these engineering structures than weeds. Their roots lift the flooring and their stems penetrate the seams, causing the tiles to crack and break. In addition, there is a constant washout of soil and underlying cushion.
These factors lead to the fact that after a few years the paths fall into disrepair. The use of geotextile fabric will help to avoid costly and lengthy repairs.
A strip of material is laid at the bottom of the pit under the path. Gravel and sand are poured on top of it. The fabric ensures uniform pressure of the covering cushion on the ground and prevents it from being washed away by melt and rain water. The geotextile will be pressed so tightly to the ground that weed sprouts will have no chance to lift or cut through the fabric.
For small additional costs the savings are obvious - there is no need to carry out renovation work and fight weeds. The paths will always be dry, as the woven material allows water to pass through well.
Protection of artificial reservoirs
Today, most outdoor pools and artificial ponds are created using polyvinyl chloride film. It is placed in a reservoir bowl, the bottom of which is covered with a layer of gravel and sand. The covering pillow holds its shape and external pressure well. But the film is easily torn by the stems of sprouting plants and the sharp edges of stones that stick out during seasonal soil movements.
There is only one way to solve this problem - by laying thermally bonded geotextiles.
To keep you safe forever polyvinyl chloride film from exposure external factors, the canvas must be laid in 2 layers:
- The first one is laid directly on the compacted soil of the reservoir bowl. Serving as a reinforcing level, it will protect the film from any plants, be it grass or a sprouting tree.
- The second one is placed on top of the covering pillow. It will protect the polyvinyl chloride from sharp stones and random weeds that get into the covering pad.
In addition to strengthening the bowl, tufted fabric is used to fix the shape of the shore of a pond or the edge of a pool. Sand is poured on top of the canvas, stones are laid or flowerpots with flowers are placed. A good solution is to lay natural or artificial grass lawn.
Agrofibre in gardening
Using this unique material, you can significantly simplify the process of growing a wide variety of flowers, berries and vegetable crops. The use of geofabric can increase productivity and significantly reduce the labor intensity of work. This will allow you to spend more time enjoying a pleasant holiday or doing other housework. By preventing weeds from developing, the canvas ensures the safety of fertilizers and free access of water to the roots of cultivated plants.
Geotextile fabric can be used in gardening and landscape design in the following ways:
- To create and retain the fertile layer. This decision is made in areas where the soil is extremely poor and is not intended for cultivation. Large areas are covered with canvases, which are covered with fertile soil. Agrofibre prevents mixing of good and poor soils, washing away soil and fertilizers. Weeds will be reliably isolated from cultivated plants by a dense layer of cross-linked polypropylene.
- To limit the growth of shrub roots. Roots of berries and flower plants can reach several meters in diameter. This is fraught with damage to paths, lawns and flower beds. To prevent this, the bushes are closed in limited space. To do this, a hole is dug, the bottom and walls of which are reinforced with geotextile. A bush and fertile soil are placed in a reinforced pit.
- For growing berries. Immediately after the snow melts, the beds are covered with a continuous layer of geofabric. Due to lack of access to sunlight, all weeds die. When the time comes for planting, cross-shaped cuts are made in the fabric into which the seedlings are immersed. This way you can successfully grow peppers, tomatoes and strawberries without wasting time on endless weeding.
Polypropylene sheets can protect plants from sudden temperature changes. It is enough to cover the lawn with geofabric. It will protect plants from scorching sun rays and night cold.
Protecting buildings from weeds
Agrofibre can be used as the base of gazebos, terraces and canopies. The canvas is laid under the board and tile flooring of these structures. Thanks to this solution, property owners will be spared from grass and bushes growing through the boardwalk. It is recommended to lay the canvas both inside the tape and pile foundations, if the screed is not installed.
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Geofabric is a building material that is made in the form of a continuous or woven fabric of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester or other polymeric substance. Geofiber found wide application in landscape design, arrangement pedestrian paths, transport routes and communications, horticulture and other land use sectors.
Areas of application
Fabric density
The key parameter of geotextiles is density. It affects what load the material can withstand and, accordingly, its purpose. Conventionally, canvases are divided into three types:
Use in the countryside
Garden geotextiles are used in cases where the composition of the soil does not allow growing crops in it. The top layer of alkaline or acidic soil is removed, a geomembrane is laid and covered with a layer of fertile soil. The sealing property of the material prevents plant roots from coming into contact with unsuitable soil, due to which they develop normally.
The use of geotextiles is also justified to protect crops from bird pests. The pores of the film allow water to pass through and allow the earth to breathe, while it has sufficient transparency for seedlings to receive required quantity warmth and light from the sun. When the plants sprout, the geomembrane is removed. On summer cottage Greenhouses and greenhouses are made using film. Thanks to its tightness, it retains heat well and protects plants from frost. If it is securely fixed, it is not afraid of sharp gusts of wind, and if you choose the right thickness of the sheets, even suddenly falling snow.
Due to its heat-insulating property, the material is used to protect garden plants- they wrap trees and beds with it, protecting them from bad weather. Sometimes covered with film root system shrubs and trees - it retains moisture and prevents the soil from drying out.
Geotextiles for garden paths prevents erosion of the coating and germination of weeds. This path turns out smooth and neat. More material can be used to create artificial ponds and fountains- they line the bottom and seal communications.
A membrane with micropores can be used to organize drainage and filtration fields - it prevents soil erosion and evenly distributes water over the surface. The use of material for this purpose is very justified, because it is not afraid of moisture, mechanical stress, exposure to rodents and insects. You can place the material on any side.
For drainage, you can use dornite - an invention of domestic scientists. This is a needle-punched geosynthetic that does not act as part of drainage system, and itself is a full-fledged drainage layer. It is laid on the prepared area and covered with gravel or sand in accordance with the instructions for creating drainage.
Not required for working with geotextiles special tools and skills. Using a regular stationery knife you can cut out any complex shape. The material is relatively light in weight, so it is easy to transport. Before purchasing geofabric for a specific type of work, find out its characteristics - it must be of the appropriate thickness.
Characteristics affecting cost
- Density. The higher the density, the higher the price.
- Type. Standard geotextiles will cost less than those with additional additives that improve its properties.
- Quality of raw materials. Sheets made from polymer monofilament will cost more than those made from waste from other industries.
Laying rules
Geotextiles are laid on a flat, pre-prepared surface. The sheets are laid overlapping each other - this increases their consumption. An alternative connection method is welding or stitching the joints. The material is fixed to the soil using anchors - they are inserted every 1.5-2 linear meters of the canvas. This measure increases resistance to wind and slight tension of the material.
In stores, geotextiles are sold in rolls ranging from 2 to 12 m wide and 2-150 m long. As you can see, this is a universal material - its use in everyday life and construction is unlimited. Owner garden plot he himself can show ingenuity and use the material where necessary. The main thing here is to choose the right type of material based on its characteristics.
The use of geotextiles makes it possible to provide grown plants with complete protection not only from frost, but also from sunlight in the summer. Such modern material has proven itself in different areas home gardening and gardening, therefore it has become very popular and in demand at the dacha.
Geotextiles: characteristics and advantages of the material
Geotextile fabric belongs to the category of geosynthetics and can be represented by needle-punched, thermally bonded or hydrobonded materials based on polypropylene or polyester threads.
Geotextiles – optimal choice For modern design and has the following main characteristics:
- surface density – 150-600 g/m²;
- elongation along the length under a load of 25% of the breaking load varies within the range of 20-28%;
- width elongation under load conditions of 25% of the breaking load varies within the range of 25-34%;
- filtration coefficient – 20;
- coefficient of resistance to low temperature conditions is 0.9.
The advantages are presented:
- no deformation;
- presence of reinforcing material functions;
- high rates of water permeability;
- ability to perform high-quality filtration;
- isotropy and uniformity of properties regardless of direction;
- the possibility of elongation up to 45–50% at break while fully maintaining functional characteristics;
- increased strength and chemical resistance.
Among other things, a variety of fastening methods can be used if necessary.
How to fight weeds: geotextiles (video)
Main types of geotextiles
Today, several types of such modern material are used in gardening and horticulture.
Depending on the specifics of the production technology, such material can be:
- calendered or thermally bonded, produced by high-temperature bonding of continuous fibers. The fabric made in this way turns out to be very durable, which is due to the tightly united fibers. The disadvantage is filtration in the transverse direction and the rapid filling of pores with dirt or silty compounds;
- needle-punched material made from polyester or propylene fibers. This fabric quickly allows water to pass in any direction;
- knitting and stitching fabric based on polyester and polypropylene fibers with continuous length. In order to make the connection as strong as possible, stitching with threads is used. A significant disadvantage is the complete loss of quality when one thread breaks.
Depending on the type and characteristics of the feedstock, geotextile fabric can be polypropylene, polyester, polyamyl or made of low-density polyethylene.
Application of textiles for garden
The use of geotextile fabric for gardening or landscape work is in great demand. This modern material is used to protect garden plots from weeds and in various design solutions.
Weed control geotextiles
Weeds can cause a lot of problems when cultivating various plants. Weeds interfere with the full development of any home garden crops, including flowers, vegetables and fruit and berry plants.
To minimize the need to carry out weeding activities, it is necessary to use environmentally friendly and economical, modern geotextile fibers. Protection of plantings is most often carried out with black fabric. Such textiles are especially highly valued when creating landscape compositions, but in recent years It is increasingly used in ordinary garden beds and in the garden planting area.
The use of geotextiles in landscape work
The scope of application of geotextile fabric is quite extensive, and ease of use, reliability and durability makes this material indispensable in landscape work:
- when developing a landscape on low-fertility soils, it is possible to increase the quality and quantity of the fertile layer and protect it with the help of textiles from subsequent leaching. In this case, the material is covered under the ground;
- The geotixtile layer allows you to limit the growth of weeds and helps the root system of crops to obtain the required volume useful substances;
- geotextiles have proven themselves to be excellent when laying paths and garden paths with slabs, stones or paving stones. This material protects sand cushion from washing out and reduces the likelihood of coating settlement;
- It is allowed to use textiles when creating drainage of the foundation base and as an obstacle to siltation drainage pipes;
- The use of geotextiles is relevant when working with expanded clay, when pouring floors, to insulate foundations. Good result Can be used as a filter material for reinforcement to minimize sediment.
Geotextile fabric is widely used in arranging coverage at the bottom of artificial ponds and reservoirs.
Types of covering materials (video)
To create a roof garden
Garden design on the roof - modern and very bright, unusual solution.Greening the roof is carried out in several stages:
- the first layer is presented directly load-bearing structures in the form concrete slab floors and cement-sand screed;
- the second layer is used as much as possible reliable waterproofing, preventing leaks. It is best to make such a layer from fused rolled bitumen-polymer materials with a bend to the height of the thickness of the insulation plus a few centimeters of reserve;
- the third heat-insulating layer can be represented by high-quality cork slabs, extruded polystyrene foam or polyurethane foam, tightly laid together using special glue;
- to create a fourth layer that prevents the penetration of the plant root system, it is recommended to use a root-protective membrane in the form of an elastic polymer cellular pad or film with a special metal coating;
- Rolled geotextiles are used as the fifth, intermediate layer, the strips of which must be laid overlapping each other;
- A drainage layer 5-10 cm thick is mounted on top of the textile fabric. This layer drains excess water well and also retains moisture during rare waterings. As a rule, such drainage is combined with a drainage system and consists of perlite coke, crushed pumice, polyamide or light expanded clay gravel;
- Another geotextile layer is installed on top of the drainage, serving as a filter for small particles that are washed out of the soil.
At the final stage of roof landscaping, a high-quality garden substrate is poured in the form of a soil-based mixture with the addition of components such as fine sand, perlite, peat, expanded clay, clay, wood chips, slate and crushed bark. The thickness of such soil may vary depending on the type of root system of the plants being planted.
How to use geotextile fabric when creating ponds
When creating artificial ponds and reservoirs, you need to use material with increased density, approximately 250-300 g per square meter, as well as a geomembrane. The waterproofing membrane needs to provide reliable protection from damage.
Unique properties modern geotextiles help protect water from “blooming”. Such materials are very resistant to major loads, and the installation method is chosen taking into account the characteristics of the soil. Most often, installation is carried out under a geomembrane, but the material can be laid both above the membrane and on both sides at the same time. The last option is the most reliable and durable.
Application in construction
Geotextiles are often used in construction to strengthen load-bearing capacity soil. Its use under the foundation of a building makes the soil more stable for loads. Geotextile fabric can help separate layers slab foundations during construction frame buildings and tall houses from cellular concrete. The material must be spread on the bottom of the dug pit and sprinkled with a crushed stone cushion. A waterproofing layer also needs to be laid on top of the crushed stone.
Geotextiles for flowers (video)
Geotextiles belong to the category of modern and universal materials, and its use does not require special skills or professional tools. The use of such materials can significantly simplify work on a personal plot and activities aimed at landscaping areas.
Summer residents are resourceful people. Very often they use various materials, which would seem absolutely impossible to apply in everyday life. Such material as geotextiles did not pass their attention either. Geotextiles (agrofibre) - this is relative new material, made from synthetic fibers, which is intended for use for industrial purposes and construction. Thanks to its qualities, geotextiles have been successfully used in gardening and in the country.
Properties of geotextile fabric
Geotextile material has the following characteristics:
Types of geotextiles
Despite the versatility of this material, it is divided into several types, depending on its purpose and method of manufacture.
Application of geomaterial at the dacha
1. Layout of a summer cottage
2. Artificial fountains and ponds
Geomaterial is also used successfully when creating in the country artificial pond, pool, waterfall or fountain. For this type of work, more durable geotextile options are used. It is laid on top insulating material and fixed with stones.
Geofiber should also be laid around the pool or pond. It will help prevent weeds from germinating and prevent tree roots from damaging the equipment or compromising the integrity of the structure itself.
3. Drainage and water supply
Geotextiles are also indispensable when laying the drainage system of a site or water supply system. The bottom of the trench is covered with agrofibre, crushed stone is laid on top of it, then pipes are installed and the resulting structure is wrapped around with geotextiles.
This way, the geotextile material will be able to pass water, and all other components will remain in place, which will prevent the drainage layer from becoming clogged or silted.
4. Gardening
The most common use of geotextiles is in gardening. It is successfully used in isolating the root system, growing seedlings, organizing beds and flower beds, planting grapes and much more.
How agrofibre is laid at the dacha
Paths and parking
A dacha with sidewalk paths is beautiful and comfortable cottage. Everyone who installs them wants them to last for years to come. But it often happens that the paths fail, sag, cracks appear on them and grass grows in the seams between the tiles. But if when laying sidewalk paths or parking areas using geotextiles, such problems can be avoided.
Lay agrofibre under paving slabs should be like this:
By adhering to this technology, you don’t have to worry about the quality of the coating. It will serve for many years without changes.
Garden and vegetable garden
Agrofibre makes agricultural work easier. Now you won’t have to weed the garden bed. To do this, you need to adhere to the following algorithm.
The pores in the geofiber will allow moisture to pass through and provide the necessary air exchange. Loosening is also not required, since moisture will flow through the pores capillarily and the soil will not be compacted.
Flower beds
For flower beds you need to remove top layer earth, fill the resulting ditch 5 cm with sand, cover the bottom and edges with geofiber with a small exit to the surface, install if necessary drainage layer crushed stone, fill in the chernozem layer.
Country ponds
As a conclusion: the use of geotextiles in the country will help to avoid many problems when performing construction, gardening or landscaping work. The main thing is to choose the right material and lay it out efficiently.
