The problem of how to insulate iron garage, is familiar to many vehicle owners. After all, the frame of such a garage is just a fence and a roof over the car. But heating is often not provided in them.
Thermal insulation options
There are many ways to do this. We'll look at some of the most affordable ones. independent work. To do this, you need to insulate the garage floor, ceiling and garage walls. It will also not be superfluous to insulate the gates.
Floor
Garage floors must meet certain requirements:
- High resistance to mechanical damage.
- High resistance to chemical compounds.
- Increased moisture resistance and fire resistance.
Any garage floor covering has both its advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the question of how to insulate a garage floor must be treated with due attention.
The concrete “base” is the initial step when constructing any type of garage floor covering. A floor made from concrete is durable and cheap. It will withstand any operating conditions. Its main drawback is dirt and dust.
At self-construction a concrete floor directly on the ground is one of the most frequently used options in order to obtain a not very expensive, but quite durable floor covering.
In order for the floor to be poured successfully, concrete mixture, we must remember three conditions under which this will not be possible:
- Groundwater is too close to the soil surface.
- There is a strong possibility of flooding in the area.
- Strong slope of the area where the garage is located.
Structurally, the floor in the garage is multi-layered. This will ensure ground stability and rigidity. The scheme of this coating from bottom to top is as follows:
- gravel;
- sand;
- layer of reinforced concrete (“black” floor);
- waterproofing layer, insulation layer, film;
- finishing screed.
Before the screed, it is necessary to place a layer of heat insulation. More often than others this is used thermal insulation material like expanded polystyrene with a thickness of five to ten centimeters. You need exactly the type that is intended for floor insulation.
It is placed on a layer waterproofing material. It is also possible to use rolled heat-insulating material. This will make your work much easier. The insulation must also be covered with a layer of film on top.
If all these conditions coincide, then it is more reasonable to refuse this option.
Ceiling
Full insulation of an iron garage is impossible without insulating its ceiling and the right approach to this question. There are several options for insulating a garage ceiling, let's look at some.
Foam plastic
In order to carry out the procedure for thermal insulation of the ceiling in a garage with polystyrene foam, you must have a material such as glassine. We will spread it on the floor and cut it into strips. The size of the strips should correspond to the distance between the ceiling beams and plus an overlap of five centimeters on each side of the beam. Then we attach the glassine to the end parts of the beams.
We cut the foam to width. This size corresponds to the distance between the beams on the ceiling. It must be cut so that the cut piece barely fits in the opening between the beams. The tighter the fit of the cut piece to the beam, the more effective the thermal insulation.
We will fill the gaps that remain after this procedure with polyurethane foam. Then lay another layer of glassine on top of the foam.
Next we use mineral wool slabs. The mineral wool placed on the heat insulating layer must reach the very edges of the beams. When using two layers of wool, it is necessary to ensure that the second layer of wool covers the joints of the previously placed first layer.
Minvata
Let's consider the option of how to insulate your iron garage using mineral wool insulation. Distinctive feature This material is almost completely fire resistant. This material is not subject to combustion. And when it is exposed to elevated temperatures, smoke will not be created in the space.
This material is not popular with rodents and insects. This does not mean that they will not chew on it, and the likelihood of them building nests there is almost zero.
Some people confuse mineral wool and glass wool. But despite their external similarity, they differ significantly from each other in safety and thermal insulation characteristics. Glass wool is potentially dangerous. And for this reason it cannot be used where people are.
We lay the heat insulator in two or even three layers. At the same time, we try to shift the mating areas by about ten centimeters. If the insulation is installed in the spaces between the beams, it is necessary top layer place at the top of the beams, because the beams can act as a “cold bridge”.
Considering the fact that we are talking about a garage made of iron, its entire surface is metal. That is, material that does not support any optimal temperature regime. Consequently, the walls of the garage also need insulation work. How to insulate the walls of a garage is not an idle question.
Walls
You can use a material such as polystyrene foam. If you use a similar heat insulator with a thickness of five centimeters, then two layers are needed. It is necessary to choose a location in the so-called “checkerboard pattern” so that the joints of the seams do not coincide.
You need to make a sheathing of beams in advance. The beam must be attached to the garage frame. Foam blocks must be attached to the walls using “ liquid nails" Then it is possible to cover it all with sheets of plywood, clapboard or some other finishing material.
Russia is a country, most of which is not in the subtropics. Based on this, insulation of all residential and non-residential space is not a whim, but a vital necessity. The garage also needs insulation. Therefore, the question is how to insulate metal garage, quite not idle. After all, it is also not advisable to keep the car constantly in the cold.
To make it more comfortable to work in the garage, and to make your car serve you much longer, it is worth insulating the garage.
Sudden changes in temperature outside can lead to the formation of rust, as condensation can form on the car as a result of temperature fluctuations. This cannot happen in a warm garage.
If you have a heated garage, it should be insulated even more so that heat retention is more effective. This will save you money that you spend on heating.
There are many ways to insulate a garage. Whatever you choose, you need to remember to leave some ventilation. The garage should receive 190 cubic meters of air per hour, provided that there is only one car in the garage. It is advisable that the temperature in the garage does not fall below +5... +10 degrees.
When insulating your garage, you shouldn’t make it too hot. The point is that if in the garage there is room temperature, and it’s below zero outside, you’ll expose your car to a sharp temperature change if you drive from the street into a warm garage. Moisture will appear on the car, which greatly contributes to the formation of rust.
To insulate a garage, you need to use materials that have low thermal conductivity. Such materials include polystyrene foam, mineral wool and similar materials.
Please also pay attention to the fact that your insulation is a non-flammable material, since in the garage there is often a risk of fire. Good insulation must also be waterproof.
How is insulation done?
You need to approach the insulation of a metal garage in stages. It is necessary to cover the doors, walls and ceiling with insulation. The most convenient insulation for a metal garage is mineral wool.
It is quite easy to install, it does not burn, it gives good insulation and is inexpensive compared to its analogues. Glass wool is not much cheaper than mineral wool, but it is highly flammable and deteriorates from moisture. You can also use polystyrene foam to insulate a garage. This material provides good insulation, is capable of sound insulation, and is resistant to moisture. Ordinary polystyrene melts, but there is foam impregnated with the PBS-S composition, which will go out when in contact with fire. Only this type of foam is suitable for insulating a garage. Another undoubted advantage of polystyrene foam is that it is easy to install.
Liquid foam insulation or other similar materials can be used.
How to carry out the work?
Before starting work, the garage must be emptied of all items in it. After that you can start.
If the walls of your garage are dented, it is advisable to straighten them. Be sure to wash off all the dirt from the walls so that there are no stains of oil, paint or other components on them.
To install foam sheets, you will need to attach an L-shaped profile to the top and bottom of the wall. It is metal and will serve as a limiter for the foam sheets. The foam is attached to the walls using special glue. The glue is spread along the wall pointwise or spread with a spatula. It is most convenient to start work from the bottom of the wall. Each row must be laid, tying the seams. The glue will dry completely after three days. For beauty, you can paste over sheets of foam plastic plaster mesh and paint it with facade paint.
If you plan to use mineral wool, you will have to make a sheathing. It can be made from wood or metal profiles. If wooden beams are used, it must be pre-treated with a fire retardant compound.
The sheathing is nailed down or assembled using self-tapping screws. Can be pulled off metal elements bolts. You should get square cells with a pitch of no more than 60 cm. The lathing is attached to the wall. Mineral wool is inserted into the cells, after which the frame is covered with sheets of plasterboard.
How to insulate a garage ceiling
It is most convenient to use polystyrene foam, since it does not require lathing, and doing it on the ceiling is extremely inconvenient and is generally not recommended. The method of fixing foam plastic is the same as for insulating walls.
When insulating a garage, it is important to pay attention to the insulation of its doors. The gate takes up enough large space, and since the garage is metal, the cold comes from them. Moisture can penetrate through the gate and cold air can blow in.
Expanded polystyrene is traditionally used for gates. He has an advantage over mineral wool, since the latter deteriorates under the influence of moisture and requires the installation of sheathing. Expanded polystyrene can burn, however, having treated it with a special compound, you don’t have to worry about this.
Expanded polystyrene boards can be fixed assembly adhesive. The sheets must be arranged offset. The gaps between them will be filled with polyurethane foam, then the whole thing will be covered with foil and fixed with glue. Be sure to leave a gap for ventilation. The top of the structure is sheathed with a molding. You can replace it with a plastic analogue. Plastic for interior decoration premises are easier to install and, unlike wooden elements, it doesn't burn. It is not recommended to use corrugated sheets for this purpose, as they are metal and will reduce the quality of thermal insulation.
Video - insulating a metal garage with polystyrene foam
Perhaps every car owner knows that the most optimal temperature in which the car should be in winter time should not be lower than -5º C. For owners of a separate permanent structure, this problem is not so acute, since, for example, cinder block walls themselves play the role of insulation, but those who have a metal shell garage have to solve the problem of cold indoors. In this regard, answering the question of how to insulate an iron garage is quite a priority task. What methods of solving the problem exist, and what are the features of the work will be discussed further.
Goals of work
First of all, you need to decide why exactly insulation should be carried out, since the amount of work performed will depend on understanding this issue.
- Insulation of the garage is necessary to maintain optimal conditions for the car. Most components and mechanisms require a certain storage temperature. Especially if you plan to leave the car for more than one day.
- The metal walls of the garage do not provide thermal insulation at all in winter, and therefore become covered with frost from the inside. A warm car placed in such a garage will melt this frost, and over time ice will appear.
- In addition to purely practical aspects, it is necessary to mention that being, much less working, in a frozen garage is at least unpleasant, if not dangerous, and therefore insulation is necessary.
Insulation of walls and ceilings
So, you can’t do without insulating a metal garage, but how to do it? And in fact there are a considerable number of options. Some are more suitable, some less, but we can highlight some that are the most universal in most cases.
It should be noted right away that, by and large, three methods of insulation can be distinguished.
- Insulation from the inside.
- Insulation from outside.
- Combined option.
Each of the methods can be considered separately.
Foam insulation
Insulating a garage made of metal is not so difficult. For example, one of the most optimal options The work will be done by gluing foam boards to the walls and ceiling.
Pay attention! It is better to carry out work in the warm season or pre-heat the room using a heat gun.
Before pasting, the walls must be washed, dried and degreased. The plates are glued tightly to each other, and the joints are blown with foam and taped with construction tape. It should be added that this option will solve the problem of insulation, but it will be extremely unstable to external influences, which means that after insulation the walls need to be additionally finished with some more durable material.
Foamed polyurethane
Another option for insulating a garage is to apply a special insulating compound. For example, such a composition is polyurethane foam. There are tons of options on the market, so there will be no shortage. The compositions are applied using a paint gun (spray gun).Mineral wool
You can do it a little differently, and first equip the surfaces of the garage with a special sheathing, and place insulation, for example, mineral wool, in the resulting cells. After which all this is sheathed with the same metal profile. The result is something like a sandwich panel, which is a very effective option.
Pay attention! This insulation method is also suitable for insulating a garage from the outside. However, it should be taken into account that usually the “shells” are located quite tightly, and therefore insulation from the outside may be impossible.
Pay attention! One of the insulation options is a combination internal insulation and external, but it is not always possible to implement, although it is the most optimal.
Insulation of gates and floors
In addition to the above, we can add that when insulating a garage special attention should be given to places, so to speak, of greatest risk. As you might guess, such places are the garage door, as well as the floor of the room. The gate can be insulated according to the same principle as the rest of the surfaces of the room, but with the floor everything is somewhat more complicated. If the floor is metal, then there is little that can be done, but if the floor is concrete, then you can, for example, lay a layer of insulation and make a concrete screed on top of it.
In conclusion, we can add that there are quite a lot of options for completing the task of insulating a metal garage. You can get acquainted with them by watching a video on the mentioned topic. However, you need to understand that the main key to successful completion of work is a responsible approach to it, as well as the use of quality materials and compliance with installation technologies. At the same time, we should not forget about compliance with safety regulations.
Video
The girl complained about constant dampness and cold in the garage, so the walls and roof were insulated from the inside with polyurethane foam:
This video shows how the garage was insulated with mineral wool:
A metal garage is a structure used to store vehicles. Depending on the materials used, the garage can be built from brick, concrete, lumber or metal.
One of the measures to create and maintain an optimal indoor microclimate for maintaining equipment is to insulate a metal garage from the inside.
If metal was used in the construction of the garage, then the result of construction is a cold building that can only cover vehicle from precipitation and gusts of wind. In this case, there is no question of creating a microclimate that prolongs the service life and improves the operating conditions of transport. In order to improve the indicators that determine the conditions of maintenance and storage, the iron garage is insulated.
There are only two options for insulating walls and roofs, depending on the type of implementation - insulation from the outside and insulation from the inside.
As a rule, insulation of a metal garage is done from the inside, and the outside metal surface, serves to protect against rain and snow. However, with the advent of new technologies and materials, this type of work is increasingly used by individual developers.
Important: to reduce heat loss through the surfaces of metal walls and roofs, you can use paints with low thermal conductivity!
Materials used for garage insulation
How to insulate a metal garage from the inside is a question that faces the user when the garage is built, and the effect of its use does not meet the requirements for the conditions of storage and operation of the vehicle.
To insulate such structures, the following heat-insulating materials can be used: polystyrene foam, mineral wool, penoizol, polyurethane foam.
How to insulate an iron garage from the inside is decided by each user individually, based on personal preferences, the ability to perform this work independently and the properties of the material used.
How to insulate a garage: a comparative review of materials
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How to paint garage walls for thermal insulation
Paint the outside of a metal garage to reduce the thermal conductivity of the walls and roof. In this case, as already written above, for external insulation, paints with low thermal conductivity are used, these are:
- "Astratek" is a liquid ceramic heat insulator, made on water based.
- “Isollat” - consists of acrylic dispersion, ceramic microgranules, fiberglass, perliate and various additives and fillers.
- “Corundum” is water-based and consists of ceramic microgranules with various types of additives.
Paints with low thermal conductivity are suitable for internal and external insulation
Paints of this group are produced for exterior and internal use and for various elements structures (walls, floors, ceilings, pipes).
How to insulate a metal garage with your own hands
Before you begin work on insulating the garage, you need to decide what material will serve as thermal insulation. The selection criteria, in this case, will be the advantages and disadvantages of each of the materials given above, as well as their cost and the possibility of purchasing at the user’s place of residence.
To perform the work you will need manual and electric tool, thermal insulation, lumber or metal profile, fasteners (screws, bolts, clamps, etc.), materials for waterproofing and vapor barrier building structures, sealing agents ( polyurethane foam and tape).
When insulating a metal garage from the inside, depending on the material chosen, the work is performed differently. Therefore, we will consider several insulation options for different building elements of the same structure.
To insulate the ceiling we use mineral wool.
Important: when insulating cold buildings, you need to remember that the greatest amount of heat “leaves” from the room through the ceiling!
- Guides (lathing) are mounted along the ceiling. This can be lumber or metal profile.
- The sheathing is laid in increments equal to the width of the insulation boards.
- A layer of waterproofing is laid down. For this you can use roofing felt or polyethylene.
- Mineral wool is placed between the guides and fastening is done using mastic or glue.
- The seams between the plates are sealed.
- A vapor barrier layer is laid over which exterior decoration(plasterboard, lumber).
Insulation can be done in a similar way using polystyrene foam.
To insulate walls we use penoizol or polyurethane foam
Depending on the type of penoizol, work can be performed in the following sequence:
- When used in liquid form:
- A frame made of metal or wood is mounted on the surface of the walls.
- A fine reinforcing mesh is stretched over the frame elements.
- The prepared surface is filled with foam insulation.
- A layer of vapor barrier is laid.
- In progress fine finishing wall surfaces (plaster, drywall, lumber, various types plastic).
Important: when insulating using penoizol, a prerequisite is to lay a layer of vapor barrier, which ensures that moisture is cut off from inside the room.
- When used in the form of slabs, the work is performed as in the case of wall insulation using mineral wool. Penoizol sheets are attached with glue or adhesive mastic.
Recommendation: Using polyurethane foam when doing the work yourself is a difficult task, which requires special equipment. It is recommended to involve specialized organizations or specialists who have the skills to work with this material to carry out this work.
- To insulate the outside, we use thermal insulation polymer coating"Astratek".
- The metal of the walls and roof is cleaned of foreign objects and elements of contamination.
- The surface is cleaned of rust.
- It is degreased.
- Using a brush or roller, apply the polymer coating used in two layers.
Video: insulating a metal garage with polyurethane foam step by step
As can be seen from the examples above, doing the work of insulating a metal garage with your own hands is not a difficult job and is accessible to any user. And the availability of a variety of materials used for insulating cold buildings allows you to choose exactly the material that meets the requirements for it in technical and operational terms, as well as in accordance with the financial capabilities of the user.
An ordinary metal garage can perform many the most useful functions. During the winter, a caring car enthusiast leaves his car there, someone else stores provisions here, and someone equips the space for a special workshop. All this can be done provided that the garage must be insulated.
Optimal temperature for such a room – at least -5°C. At lower values, condensation will begin to form on the surface of the car, which leads to rust. It will be impossible to work in a box because of the cold, and storing vegetables will become impractical; they will simply begin to rot at the first thaw. In order to retain heat inside the room, it is necessary to select and install the insulation correctly.
Insulation materials
Using traditional metal garage building materials can significantly increase the temperature in the room.
For these purposes use:
- Foam plastic. This material belong to the most common type of insulation. It is convenient to work with polystyrene foam; it is cheap;
- Penoizol. This is a liquid form of the same foam. Penoizol has fire resistance and excellent water resistance. The durability of such insulation is 40 years;
- Basalt wool. This soft and inexpensive insulation is also called mineral wool. Garages are often insulated with mineral wool. And this material is one of the leaders in terms of popularity of use.
- Polyurethane foam. The durability of this building material is 50 years;
The above types practically do not differ in quality; reasonable prices determine the demand for all these products.
Having decided on the type of insulation for arranging thermal insulation from the inside of the box, you can begin the preparatory stage.
Necessary tools and building materials
It is better to insulate a garage in summer or spring. Sometimes the situation forces work to be carried out in cold weather, at low temperatures. IN in this case It is necessary to insulate the garage reliably quickly.
You need to prepare the tools in advance to use the allotted time productively:
- electric drill;
- building level;
- steel profile;
- welding machine;
- screwdriver;
- self-tapping screws;
- furniture stapler with staples;
- roulette;
- wooden blocks for installing sheathing crossbars;
- scissors for working with metal;
- protective gloves, special mask.
Preparation
While studying internal lining metal structures, first of all, care should be taken to ensure anti-corrosion. If there is rust on the surface of the walls, it should be removed with a special wire brush. If necessary, patch repairs of individual areas are carried out. After which the surface is treated with an anti-corrosion solution.
To provide optimal conditions indoors you also need to create ventilation system. It will be needed for circulation: the system will remove exhaust air, replacing it with fresh air. Otherwise, accumulated heavy vapors and gases can cause condensation. Condensation has a negative impact on the condition load-bearing structure garage, car and stored products.
After applying the anti-corrosion solution, it usually takes several days for it to dry completely. Then they begin to insulate the box from the inside. This kind of work can be done with your own hands. According to the rules, first the walls are insulated, then the roof, gates, and only then, if necessary, the protection of the floor is strengthened.
Wall insulation
Let's consider the insulation procedure using the example of a material such as basalt wool.
This type of material has decent characteristics:
- durability;
- preservation of qualities even with high humidity;
- low thermal conductivity;
- resistance to mold;
- ease of working with insulation;
- environmental friendliness;
- fire resistance.
The sequence of covering garage walls with mineral insulation:
- First you need to determine the location of the sheathing. The amount of material used will depend on the square footage of the sheathed surface. The steel profile is excellent for frame construction. The use of wood in this case can lead to rapid destruction under the influence of moisture. Besides this wooden structure May become deformed when wet.
- Start building vertical guides. The gap between the structures should be about 1-2 cm, that is, less than the width of the insulation itself. This way the material will expand completely and take up the entire space. To strengthen the system, horizontal transverse beams are placed every meter; wooden beams can be used here.
- The already installed sheathing begins to be surrounded with a membrane; another type of waterproofing material can be used. The joints that appear should be glued with tape, the film is attached to the staples, you can use a stapler for this.
- The insulation needs to be laid inside the resulting sheathing. Start laying from the bottom. In this case, no crevices should remain.
- A vapor barrier material is applied to the insulation, you can use plastic film or roofing felt.
- Finally, the sheathing is sheathed. The sheathing is made of non-combustible material, for example, using plasterboard or steel siding.
It should be taken into account that when covering a box, the space in the room narrows. Accordingly, it is better to choose not very voluminous insulation.
When covering a garage with foam plastic, you should take into account the peculiarities of the material. Such insulation will not expand like cotton wool, so it is better to make the gap between the guides a little smaller, for example 1-2 cm. It is better to create the sheathing in separate blocks, the dimensions of each of them should exactly repeat the dimensions of the foam sheets. If there are defects on the walls, then it is better to level the surface before insulation. It is recommended to use an L-shaped profile for work. Insulation sheets are attached with glue
Roof insulation
Typically, the roof or ceiling of a garage is presented in the form of a lean-to structure. This roof design is considered budget and simple option. The basis for it are rafters resting on the Mauerlat.
At the stage of its construction
Now let's continue working. Mauerlat bars are laid on top of the box walls, securing anchor bolts. It is better to carry out thermal insulation of the ceiling of an iron garage at the stage of its construction. In this case, the work will require less effort and time.
The rafter system is assembled from wooden beams. The cross-section of each bar is 15x15 cm. The rafters are installed at evenly equal distances, the gap reaches 60 cm. The main guideline in this case is the width of the insulation boards, according to the standard this size reaches 61 cm. The maximum thermal insulation elements can be laid tightly between the rafters if there is a reserve .
The next stage will be the installation of a vapor barrier layer. To do this, you can purchase special membranes that are perfect for these purposes. They are attached to the rafters with staples and buttons. Existing joints are taped with tape. From the inside of the building, the vapor barrier is sheathed with the selected material. Here you can use fiberboard or lining. This individual solution for every garage owner.
The sheathing is attached very carefully; it is necessary to ensure the tightness of the vapor barrier. Damage or defects that appear during operation should be repaired immediately. To do this, you can use sealant or tape.
The insulation is installed between the rafters. It is better to choose mineral wool for such work. Usually, the use of insulation with a thickness of 15 cm is considered sufficient. The thermal insulation layer can be increased if necessary.
Then they carry out standard technology for arranging the roof. First, the sheathing is made. The installation procedure depends on the characteristics of the used roofing. Afterwards, waterproofing is laid on the sheathing and the work is completed by laying the finishing material.
Thermal insulation after construction of a garage
The work on arranging thermal insulation of the ceiling, carried out after the construction of the garage, is slightly different from the process of insulating the roof during the construction of the box. In this case, thermal insulation is laid between the rafters and laid on top vapor barrier film Finally, the structure is sheathed with any suitable material.
Certain inconveniences may arise during the process of attaching thermal insulation boards. To eliminate the inconvenience, it is enough to simply fasten the insulation to avoid the material falling before the finishing sheathing begins. It is necessary to attach strips of waterproofing to the slings, vapor barrier material so that they prevent the insulation from falling.
It is considered inconvenient to work with the use of hard materials, therefore, sheathing the garage ceiling better than polystyrene foam. In this case, there should be no holes on the roof surface outside or inside. If there are still holes in the ceiling, they must be repaired by welding. At the time of insulation, foam plastic is placed between a vapor barrier and a waterproofing material.
Entrance trim
If cold air enters through the cracks located in entrance gate garage, benefits of insulation interior walls No. Laying rigid insulation, such as expanded polystyrene, will help solve this problem. First, the gates are insulated, and then the front door.
Sequence of actions:
- The metal surface of the gate is treated with protective mastic. Material such as polystyrene foam negative impact not afraid of moisture. But when opening the doors, snow or raindrops can sometimes penetrate into the crevice, ending up between the insulation and the metal sheet. This cannot be allowed.
