Is it possible to paint acrylic enamel over alkyd? Alkyd primer and acrylic paint

Repairing painted surfaces is an inevitable process. Even if the finishing was done correctly and quality materials.

Before repainting the walls, you need to make sure that the new and old coating will be compatible.

At the moment, there are many ways to remove old paint.

Mechanical methods. Acrylic enamel and acrylic paint or other coating is removed with sharp objects or a power tool, for example, a drill with an attachment.
Thermal methods. In this case, the paint is softened, for example, with a hair dryer, and then removed.
Chemical methods. The finish is removed using a variety of removers.

However, the process of removing the old coating is long and labor-intensive. And the price is quite high, especially if you need to remove paint from a large area or complex surfaces. Based on this, many of us prefer to apply new finishing directly onto the old one. At the same time, the question of compatibility of coatings often arises.

In this article we will talk about whether acrylic paint can be applied to enamel and vice versa. However, first we will understand the basic concepts.

Types of paints and varnishes

Part paint and varnish materials includes binders, fillers, pigments, solvents/diluents and additives. In order to competently use paint and varnish materials during repairs, you need to know exactly their composition.

Main Components

Oil paints based on drying oil.

All paints are divided according to the type of binder used and the type of solvent.

The binder determines the main qualities of the paint, the service life of the coating and the speed of its drying. There are 4 common types of binders used for paints and varnishes: alkyd and epoxy resins, oil-based (on drying oil), latex, acrylic polymers.
Solvent components are divided into solvents and diluents.. The former reduce the fluidity and viscosity of the material. Thinners only reduce the viscosity of the paint.
To improve the characteristics of paints and varnishes, additives are added to their composition.: stabilizers, emulsifiers, fungicides, antiseptics, etc.
Special paints belong to a separate category. This anti-corrosion coatings, for example, Zinga conductive paint. Analogs with antiseptic properties that protect the base from mold and rot. Compositions for removing small defects (irregularities, scratches, cracks), etc.

Oil and enamel compositions

The photo shows acrylic enamel.

For materials based on alkyd and acrylic resins include oil and enamel paints. They are suitable for painting metal, wood and plastered surfaces.

After drying, they are non-toxic, light and moisture resistant.

Oil paints are produced on the basis of drying oil. White Spirit, gasoline, turpentine or solvent naphtha are used as diluents. The compositions are not expensive, but they take a long time (up to several days) to dry. The main disadvantage is that the coating turns yellow over time.
Varnish is added to enamel compositions as a binder. It gives the coating gloss and aesthetics. The instructions recommend using such paints for external and internal finishing works for metal, wood, concrete, plaster. Enamels are moisture and light resistant. They also have anti-corrosion resistance.

Emulsion and dispersion materials

Water-dispersed composition.

Such paints are diluted, but not soluble with water. In them, the binder and pigment particles are distributed in a liquid medium, creating a stable emulsion.

When the coating dries, it is not washed away by water.

Emulsion compositions are economical, environmentally friendly and fire safe.
They fit well on almost any substrate.
They dry quickly and do not have a pungent odor.

Many people think that water-based and water-dispersion compositions are the same.

However, they are different.

Matte emulsions wash off over time. The dispersions are waterproof and suitable for use in damp areas.
Water-dispersion compositions are usually white; water-based analogues have a variety of colors.
Dispersions cannot be used at temperatures below +5 degrees. However, with the addition of modifiers, they are thermally stable. Such, for example, are fire-retardant paints for metal Polistil.

Note!
The best analogues from water-based paints - based on acrylic resins and polymers.
They have high elasticity and strength.

Such compositions are frost-resistant after they are completely dry.
They are vapor permeable.
Suitable for alkaline substrates (concrete, plaster).
These paints are tinted very well.
Resistant to ultraviolet radiation, retains its original color for a long time.
They have the ability to repel water.
They have high mechanical stability.

About paint compatibility

First, you need to apply epoxy putty to the old coating.

Based on everything written above, we will answer main question article - is it possible to paint on enamel with acrylic paint and vice versa.

Based on their composition, acrylic paints and varnishes can only be applied to the same old coating. They cannot be applied over alkyd enamels, due to incompatibility of diluents/solvents. The new coating will simply curl (raise) the enamel.
In addition, it is not advisable to apply emulsion and dispersion compositions to old glossy and adhesive paints. The same applies to varnished bases.
But after emulsion and dispersion materials, you can use any enamels and paints.

Now let’s talk about how to apply a coating of acrylic paint with your own hands without removing the enamel.

Note!
To do this, you need to create an intermediate layer that is resistant to both acrylic and organic solvents in a stable state.
It should consist of polyesters (for example, epoxy resin, polyurethane) with amine hardeners.
Such compounds are dissolved with acetone.

After puttying, acrylic primer is applied.

Nowadays many liquid putties and primers with the described composition are sold.

One of the best materials is "Inter Troton Spray".

First, apply liquid putty over the enamel.
Next, cover the surface with acrylic primer.
Then you can paint the base.

Conclusion

If you are unable to withdraw old paint, then a new coating can be applied to it. However, there are nuances here. Some types of paints and varnishes are incompatible, so between them it is necessary to create an intermediate layer of neutral compounds. By watching the video in this article, you will expand your knowledge base.

Consumers are often faced with a choice: which paint to prefer - acrylic or alkyd? To answer this question, it is necessary to understand the features of these compositions, their advantages and disadvantages.

Alkyd paints

Alkyd paint and varnish materials (LPMs) can be classified as an advanced variety oil compositions. Alkyd paints have the same mechanism of hardening and film formation. Moreover, the film turns out to be more durable, although not so elastic. To correct the lack of elasticity, natural oils are added to alkyd mixtures.

The composition of alkyd paints and varnishes includes polyhydric alcohols (for example, propane-1,2,3-triol, otherwise called glycerin), as well as orthophthalic acid. The word “alkyd” itself is a construction formed from the combination of the words “alcohol” (alcohol) and “acid” (acid). Depending on the type of alcohol component, alkyd coatings are divided into pentaphthalic and glyphthalic.

Alkyd paints are one of the most common types of paints and varnishes, and there are many reasons for this:

Low cost is perhaps the main advantage of alkyd compositions. The availability of paint is especially important if you have a limited budget or need to paint large surfaces.
Working with alkyd coatings is simple: no special instructions are needed, and all work can be done independently. The composition is diluted with an organic solvent and applied with a brush or roller.
The coating dries quite quickly, with initial polymerization occurring after about 60 minutes. Complete drying occurs within a few days. The dried surface is ready for use in unfavorable environments.
Alkyd coatings are resistant to moisture.
The coatings are neutral to aggressive chemicals (for example, household chemicals).

Disadvantages of alkyd compositions:

Insufficient wear resistance and resistance to mechanical stress. The durability of alkyd coatings leaves much to be desired: usually within a year and a half the surface turns yellow and begins to crack. As a result, the product will have to be painted too often. Sometimes such a drawback can be ignored, but in most cases for important surfaces it is better to choose a different type of paint.
Instability to ultraviolet radiation, which is why the coating soon begins to fade and crack. For this reason, alkyd paints are not recommended for finishing facades.
Alkyd mixtures contain harmful substances to human health chemical elements. In addition, freshly painted surfaces emit a pungent odor that disappears in at least a day.
Not a very rich range of colors. This disadvantage can be corrected by purchasing the correct color scheme.
Insufficient fire safety.

Acrylic paints

Polyacrylic polymers serve as the base in acrylic compositions. Acrylic paints and varnishes are made on the basis of a polymer, which is also called plexiglass. Special components are added to the composition to improve certain characteristics of the paint, for example, its elasticity, resistance to environmental factors or drying speed.

Advantages of acrylic compositions:

Acrylates retain their characteristics even at elevated temperatures. Resistance to high temperatures allows the use of paintwork materials of this group when painting radiators and other surfaces exposed to heat. Acrylic paints not only do not crack under the influence of rising temperatures, but also do not change the original color.
Acrylic compositions are characterized by excellent adhesion (the ability to grasp foreign surfaces).
The operation of acrylic coatings can be carried out for at least 8 years in the case of wood and at least 20 years for plastered and metal products.
Acrylates are resistant to ultraviolet radiation, which means they are excellent for facade work. Acrylic outer surfaces retain original appearance for many years.
Due to their high transparency and lack of yellowing of the coating, acrylic paints and varnishes are used for painting light types of wood. The acrylic group is also used in conjunction with pastel-colored stains.
Acrylic paints and varnishes are non-toxic (unlike alkyd paints) because they do not contain organic solvents. To dissolve the acrylic composition, ordinary water is suitable.
Paint does not contain dangerous components, as a result of its drying, water evaporates. Therefore, there is no need for protective clothing when painting.
Due to the absence of toxic solvents, acrylic paints and varnishes have no pungent odor and are suitable for interior work.
Acrylic mixtures protect coatings from corrosive processes, and the presence of special additives in them allows you to paint even rusty surfaces.
The acrylic group is characterized by high fire safety.
With low paint consumption, high hiding power is ensured.
Surfaces painted with acrylic paints and varnishes are able to “breathe”. Natural ventilation extremely useful for preserving the performance qualities of wood products.
Acrylic paints dry very quickly - it takes from half an hour to a couple of hours to dry the surface (the specific time depends on the conditions environment and solution components). Fast drying is a serious advantage when it comes to tight deadlines for construction work.
If paint gets into an unwanted place, it can be easily removed without damaging the surface.

Disadvantages of acrylic compositions:

Relatively high cost.
Insignificant dry residue. This figure usually does not exceed 30%.
The coating takes quite a long time to gain strength. Final hardening occurs no earlier than 30 days.

Paint compatibility

Acrylic paints are not recommended for use on alkyd coatings, since the result of painting in this case cannot be predicted. After painting, the surface may look like good quality, and bad (if bloating occurs). Alkyd paints and enamels applied to acrylic surfaces, in most cases will peel off.

Please note: if acrylic paint is applied to an alkyd coating, its service life is reduced by at least 2 times.

If you still need to apply acrylic paints and varnishes to the alkyd coating, the surface needs to be prepared. First, the product should be thoroughly cleaned with fine-grained sandpaper and then treated with primer. Preparatory activities will improve the adhesion of materials and reduce the likelihood of paint peeling.

There are alkyd-acrylic compositions used for painting vehicles. However, their cost is high, and construction field such paints are not used.

So, based on the totality of qualities the best choice- acrylic paint. However, if the budget is limited or the durability of the coating is not critical, you can opt for alkyd paint.

Alkyd and acrylic paints are some of the most common types of paints when it comes to serious painting works: painting walls, metal products, etc. Perhaps due to the similarity of the name, they are often confused. Do these types of paints really have anything in common?

In fact, the only similarity is that both are paints. They are completely different in composition.

The alkyd type can be called a more modernized version of oil paints. They are characterized by a similar mechanism of hardening and formation of a surface film (which, by the way, is somewhat stronger, but less elastic). Alkyd paints consist of polyhydric alcohols (for example, glycerin) in combination with orthophthalic acid. Actually, the word “alkyd” comes from a combination of the words “alcohol” (alcohol) and “acid” (acid).

Unlike alkyd paints, acrylic paints are made on the basis of acrylic, a polymer better known as plexiglass. Paints may contain various additional components designed to improve certain properties (add elasticity, speed up drying).

Life time. Acrylic paint, unlike alkyd paint, retains its original surface this type significantly longer. It is advisable to renew alkyd paint about once a year, since oxygen and ultraviolet radiation intensively destroy surface layer paints. Acrylic coating, subject to the technology of surface preparation and paint application, can last from 8 (wood) to 20 (plaster) years.
UV resistance. Acrylic practically does not change the properties of the surface film when exposed to sun rays, that is, it does not fade, does not turn yellow and does not acquire a “matte” appearance. Alkyd compounds are not so reliable in this regard.
Drying process. But the alkyd film dries relatively quickly, and after just a couple of days it fully performs its protective and decorative functions. The acrylic film completes its formation approximately a month after application to the surface. In this case, the coating should be protected from mechanical influences until it is completely dry.
Mechanical stability. The longer process of forming the acrylic film is compensated by more high level resistance to mechanical stress (deformation, scratches).
Decorative properties. Alkyd compositions are distinguished by a more diverse range of shades and undertones, as well as generally more bright colors. On the other hand, acrylic paint lasts longer and does not require regular updating.

Is it possible to apply alkyd compounds to acrylic or vice versa? Neither one nor the other is recommended, especially if the painting of the base occurred relatively recently or we are talking about metal surface. The fact is that the specific composition of the paints may not be completely clear to us. Alkyd compositions may contain components that will appear as dark spots through the acrylic paint layer. If alkyd paint applied on top of acrylic, it may not stick to it, that is, peel off.

The only option for applying such paints to each other is to apply it to an old coating from which all the volatile components have already evaporated. However, even in this case, apply upper layer paint should only be used after treating the surface with a similar type of primer (that is, acrylic paint on acrylic primer and vice versa).

As you know, painting helps not only protect structures and surfaces, but also significantly improve them appearance. Available on the market big choice paint and varnish products, and make right choice it can be difficult. If you do not have experience in carrying out the work, then you should familiarize yourself with some of the features of the materials and figure out whether acrylic or alkyd paint is suitable for painting a particular material.

In this review, we will look at the main advantages and disadvantages of each composition, the features of their use, and whether it is possible to paint with acrylic paint over alkyd and vice versa.

Main features of alkyd paints

Let's look at the main advantages, disadvantages and features of the alkyd paint production process.

Advantages of this group of compositions

It is worth noting that the group of paints in question is the most common at the moment due to a number of reasons:

Low price is one of the main factors determining the popularity of such paints. Using this option, you can save significant money, which is very, very important when painting large areas.
Ease of work: you do not need instructions to carry out the work yourself. The composition is diluted with certain solvents and does not require special working tools - a brush or roller is enough.
A huge selection of shades will allow you to choose the optimal one color scheme for a wide variety of surfaces. At the same time, this type is distinguished by the brightness of its shades, the colors are very rich and saturated, thanks to which the painted surface will be not only durable, but also beautiful.

The compositions dry quite quickly, initial polymerization occurs in just an hour, maximum strength characteristics are achieved within several days, after which the surface is completely ready for use and resistant to a wide variety of adverse influences.

Disadvantages of this group of compounds

It should be noted that there are some disadvantages that should also be considered:

Low reliability of the coating, as a result of which the surface may turn yellow and become cracked within a year. This is quite a big disadvantage, because you will have to update the coverage almost every year, and if in some cases this is justified, then in others it is better to choose a more reliable option.
Weak resistance to ultraviolet exposure, as a result of which the surface fades and cracks very quickly. That is why it is better not to choose alkyd compositions when
and designs.
Compositions contain chemical components, which actively evaporate when dried, which is why they are unsafe for health and have unpleasant smell. After painting, you should not stay in the room for at least a day, after which thorough ventilation is necessary.

Remember that it is not recommended to apply alkyd varnish to acrylic paint, but if there is no other choice, the surface should be cleaned and treated with fine sandpaper to improve adhesion and prevent peeling of the coating.

Types of compositions

The poor compatibility of alkyd and acrylic paints is due to the fact that the basis for their production are different components. The alkyd group of compounds is made from polyhydric alcohols through a polycondensation process with orthophthalic acid. Depending on the type of alcohol used, LCIs are divided into glyphthalic and pentaphthalic.

We can say that this type has replaced oil ones, but unlike them, the coating is less elastic. To minimize this negative factor, natural oils are added to all compositions.

The main thing that distinguishes alkyd paint from acrylic paint is the base, which determines all its properties,

Advice! You should not use what you have on hand to dilute this group of compounds. The brightness of the colors and the durability of the coating are guaranteed only when using a specific thinner recommended by the manufacturer. Information about this is always present on the packaging.

Let's continue to consider the question of which paint is better - acrylic or alkyd, by studying the second option, which is becoming increasingly popular among buyers.

Acrylic compositions and their characteristics

Many people are interested in the question of whether it is possible to paint with acrylic paint over alkyd, and what requirements must be met. In fact, try to avoid combining these compositions, since the result of such work is always unpredictable; the surface may turn out to be perfect, or it may swell.

But if there is no other way out, then you should use a primer, then acrylic paint will lay on top of alkyd much better.

Advantages of formulations

It is worth noting that paints and varnishes are acrylic base have a number of advantages:

The composition does not change its properties even at high temperatures, so it can be used for other heated surfaces. At the same time, the paint layer will not turn yellow or crack for many years.

The service life of coatings is at least 8 years for wood and about 20 years for plaster or metal. Again, returning to the question of whether acrylic paint can be applied to alkyd paint, it should be noted that the service life in this case is reduced by at least half.
This group of compounds is resistant to ultraviolet radiation, so it is perfect for outdoor use. This finish will retain the high properties and brightness of colors for many years.

Acrylic paint perfectly protects surfaces from corrosion, and the presence of additives in it allows you to paint even surfaces with a coating of rust.
When comparing acrylic and alkyd paints, one cannot help but mention that the polymer base does not emit any harmful substances and is practically odorless. That's why she's great.

Flaws

In fact, there are quite a few of them:

More high price than alkyd analogues.
Long period of strength development, the coating completely hardens within a month.
The difficulty of choosing a truly high-quality composition.

The difference between alkyd paint and acrylic paint is the need to use toxic solvents, but in this case Clean water will also do.

Combined formulations

Let's look at some types of paints that are much less common:

Alkyd-acrylic paints are mainly used for repairs. road transport, and their cost is very high. They are practically not used in construction.
Zinga conductive paint is made on the basis of organic solvents and meets the most high requirements strength, forming a layer comparable to industrial galvanizing.
Fire-retardant paints for metal Polistil are not only decorative, but also protective properties, protecting metal products from direct impact fire.

We hope you understand this not very well simple question. Let's return once again to the question of whether it is possible to paint with acrylic paint over alkyd: if this is possible, then the base and the fresh coating should match. Only this guarantees strength and durability.

Advice! You should not save when purchasing; it is much better to purchase products from a well-known brand than cheap option unknown manufacturer.

Conclusion

If you need a durable result, it is better to opt for acrylic compounds; if the budget is limited, then you can also use alkyd compounds, however, do not forget that such finishes are less durable. The video in this article will help you understand the issue in more detail.

An ordinary consumer, far from construction, may encounter certain difficulties when choosing paint. Modern market offers a large selection of paints and varnishes – which one should you choose? Some of the most popular paints and varnishes are alkyd and acrylic dyes. Many people scare them. Let's find out how alkyd paint differs from acrylic paint, and what you need to choose for a quality result.

Alkyd paints are a modern version of classic oil paints. Both alkyd and oil-based materials have a similar curing process. The paint is made on the basis of alkyd resin, which is obtained by processing vegetable oils under influence high temperature with the addition of various polyhydric alcohols. The composition of alkyd paint is clear from its name. Alkyd is alcohol or alcohol, and “acid” is acid.

For sale, these materials are supplied already containing solvents. Depending on the type of alcohol, paints can be divided into pentaphthalic and glyphthalic. Traditional white spirit, orthoxylene, nefras can be used as solvents for these paints.

Acrylic paint is produced on the basis of polyacrylic polymers. Acrylic is plexiglass, which is produced by the hydrolysis of lactic acids. Acrylic paints can be water based, or on varnish. To obtain high elasticity and resistance to external environmental influences and mechanical stress, various additives and fillers are included in the composition.

As you can see, both paints differ from each other in composition. But there are other differences.

Characteristics and application features

The biggest difference between acrylic and alkyd paint is that the former is a material natural origin, and the second is a completely synthetic product.

Alkyd paint can be used in any way - it is a universal dye that can be applied to surfaces made of metal, wood, and stone. You may or may not use soil.

These dyes create a much harder, but less elastic film when compared with oil analogues. More often, this type of paintwork is used for interior finishing work, when it is necessary to obtain a durable surface with expressive and rich colors and glossy shine. Alkyd dye is often used as wood paint.

Acrylic paint is characterized by lower brightness and a matte effect. The market offers huge assortment these paintwork materials. They are suitable for both artistic and interior work. exterior decoration. Acrylic adheres well even to rust. Differences in resistance to environmental influences - acrylic materials are widely used for finishing work on facades. You can often find acrylic auto enamel and primer.

On video: acrylic paints.

Advantages and disadvantages

Among the advantages coloring materials based on alkyds there are:

Fast drying speed;
Resistant to moisture and household chemicals;
Ease of application;
Affordable price;
Large selection of colors and shades.

Polymerization begins 60 minutes after completion painting works. The coating will reach maximum hardness in a few days. To apply alkyd-based paints, you do not need to be a professional painter or have professional tools and devices. Among the disadvantages, one can highlight low durability - if the surface is used very intensively, and the layer is also affected ultraviolet radiation, then within a few years the coating will begin to turn yellow. At the moment of evaporation, the components emit a rather specific odor. To obtain a high-quality result you need preparatory work, primer.

The group of acrylic dyes is capable of significantly better maintaining strength and aesthetic characteristics even when exposed to high temperatures. Due to this property of acrylic, paints are widely used for painting heating radiators and other structures exposed to heat. Due to the fact that the material has good adhesion, the paint adheres well to wood - up to 8 years. When painting metal or plastered walls, the service life is up to 10 years. Also among the advantages are:

Resistance to UV radiation, which is very important for exterior decoration;
Transparency;
Good hiding power and low consumption;
Vapor permeability.

These dyes take between 30 minutes and 2 hours to dry completely. But it will take much more time to reach the final density. If the composition contains additives that protect against corrosion, then you can paint the metal even over rust. Among the disadvantages are the cost, the need to use solvents, and in some cases the need for primer.

Despite the disadvantages, acrylic materials are better than alkyd ones. Longer service life, coating more resistant to various influences.

The difference is that alkyd products are not suitable for outdoor use, while acrylic is ideal for outdoor use.

Compatibility

Knowing the differences between alkyd paint and acrylic paint, you should also learn about the compatibility of these two paints. Many people are interested in the question of whether it is possible to apply a layer of alkyd paint on top of acrylic paint.

It must be said that the compatibility of the two products is not very good. This is due to the composition of the materials. If you combine them, there is a risk of surface swelling. If you apply acrylic to alkyd, the result will not be good - the coating will begin to delaminate. But if there is a serious need to combine these different products, then you need to clean the surfaces as much as possible, then carefully sand them and apply primer. This will help improve adhesion and reduce the risk of peeling, but the service life is reduced by about half.

What's better?

So. Acrylic and alkyd paints have different composition, different properties. Let's try to find out which one is better. It really depends on the usage. If it is necessary to finish the facade, then acrylic. When painting a car, you should also give preference to acrylic-based enamels. With a small budget interior decoration You can also stop at alkyd paints.