How to feed tomatoes during flowering: useful tips. Proper feeding of tomatoes during flowering How to feed tomatoes for fruit

Kira Stoletova

Feeding tomatoes during the fruiting period is a prerequisite for growing vegetables. It is important to apply fertilizers not only in sufficient quantities, but also taking into account the needs for certain elements at different stages of plant development. Fertilizing is also necessary because tomatoes are very demanding on soil quality. Each plant tries to take all the elements necessary for growth and development, thereby impoverishing it. To ensure high rates of growth and ripening of fruits, it is necessary to pay attention to the correct preparation of the nutrient mixture.

When to fertilize?

It should be borne in mind that too frequent feeding can damage the tomatoes. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out this procedure during the following periods of the plant’s life:

After planting the seedlings in the ground.
Just before flowering begins.
When the first ovaries appear.
During the fruiting period.

For the full ripening of fruits, when the tomatoes have not yet ripened, the third and fourth feedings are most important. The third feeding promotes the formation of full-fledged fruits. It is carried out during the period of active flowering and formation of ovaries. The following fertilizing, carried out during the fruiting period, is aimed at increasing the yield of the bush. In poor soil conditions or during prolonged rainfall, tomatoes need more frequent feeding. For greenhouse plants, this procedure should be carried out less frequently to prevent excessive humidity. During fruit ripening, you should reduce the amount nitrogen fertilizers— excess nitrogen will provoke the formation of green mass, which will take all the nutrients.

Types of fertilizing

Mineral.
Organic.
Complex organomineral.
Based on humates.

First of all, tomatoes need certain elements that directly affect the yield and development of the plant as a whole. These elements include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium - they play a primary role. The presence of calcium, zinc, copper, magnesium and iron in the soil is also important.

Fertilizers based on mineral salts

Mineral fertilizers contain various chemical elements, necessary for plants in different periods growth and development. These are mainly sodium, phosphorus and potassium (also referred to as NPK). It is convenient to use ready-made mineral fertilizers, such as Kemira Universal or Mortar. They can be purchased at specialized gardening stores. Such fertilizers help improve the taste and increase the yield of tomatoes. However, if necessary, fertilizers can be made independently. During ripening, tomatoes need potassium most of all, so fertilizing must contain this element.

Even when using complex fertilizers, it is recommended to add potassium sulfate in a volume of 20 grams per 10 liters. A lack of potassium is indicated by the appearance of red specks on young leaves, which merge into solid brown spots at the edges of the leaves. Soon the leaves fall off and the fruits become unevenly colored. When the first signs of potassium deficiency appear, you need to fertilize with a 1% solution of potassium sulfate. Poorly developed fruits and a bluish tint to the leaves indicate a lack of phosphorus. To prepare phosphorus-containing fertilizer, superphosphate should be dissolved in boiling water in a ratio of 35 grams of fertilizer (about 2 tablespoons) per liter of water.

To completely dissolve superphosphate, the resulting solution must be infused for at least 8 hours, after which it is diluted in 10 liters of water and used at the rate of 0.5 liters per tomato plant. A lack of calcium during the fruiting period is characterized by the appearance of blossom end rot, in which the top of the fruit darkens and begins to dry out. In this case, it is recommended to spray the plants special solution, at the rate of 20 grams of calcium nitrate per 10 liters of water.

Organic fertilizers

To replenish potassium, you can also use ordinary wood ash; you need to feed the loosened soil under the bushes with ash. However, a solution of ash with the addition of iodine and boric acid will be more effective. To prepare it you will need:

Ash 1.5-2 l.
Boric acid 10 g.
Alcohol solution of iodine 10-15 ml.

First, the ash is mixed with 5 liters of boiling water. After the mixture has cooled, add water so that the final volume of the solution is 10 liters. Then iodine and boric acid are added to the solution (for better dissolution, boric acid is first diluted in a small amount warm water). In a day, the fertilizer solution will be ready for use.

Before using the solution, a liter of the mixture is diluted in 10 liters of water. Each individual bush requires 1 liter of fertilizer: greenhouse plants - once every 2 weeks, and for tomatoes grown in open ground- 1 time per week.

The active content of potassium and other microelements in the ash significantly accelerates the fruiting process, iodine protects plants from fungal and bacterial diseases, and boron promotes the setting of new fruits. Using potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) instead of iodine has a positive effect on fruit formation. Experienced gardeners recommend alternating fertilizing with manganese and iodine for more uniform plant development.

Fertilizers based on organomineral mixtures

During the period of active formation and development of fruits, good results allows the use of fertilizers from a mixture of organic and mineral fertilizers. To make fertilizer you need:

Mullein 1 l.
Complex mineral fertilizer 16-18 g.
Copper sulfate or manganese 1 g.

As a mineral fertilizer, you can use Kemira Universal or Mortar. All ingredients are dissolved in 10 liters of water. Tomatoes are watered with the resulting mixture at the rate of 1.5 liters per bush of determinate varieties or 2.5 liters per bush of tall varieties.

Fertilizers with the addition of humates

Humic acids are the basis of biological humus (humus). The sodium and potassium salts they contain, also called humates, have many useful properties. Humates activate metabolic processes, help increase productivity, bind sandy soils, accelerate soil warming and retain moisture. Feeding with fertilizers containing humates should be done in combination with other fertilizers.

In order to fertilize tomatoes with homemade manure, you should remember that it already contains a certain amount of minerals (such as phosphorus and nitrogen). Therefore, it is necessary to strictly observe the dosage of mineral fertilizers to prevent their excess in the soil. Otherwise, this may affect the development of the fruit.
The tomato is one of the so-called chlorophobes - it reacts very sharply to the increased content of chlorine and its salts in the soil. Therefore, fertilizing tomatoes with potassium chloride is extremely undesirable, especially in greenhouse conditions.
In addition to fertilizers, experienced gardeners They recommend the method of tearing the roots. To do this, each bush is slightly pulled by the lower part of the stem to tear off some of the small roots. Then the plant is watered and hilled. As a result of stress, tomatoes direct all the nutrients from the soil to fruit development.

Tomato is a rather capricious plant that presents high requirements to the quality of the soil and requires timely application of various fertilizers. At first glance, fertilizing a tomato, especially during the fruiting period, is a labor-intensive and painstaking process. However, with proper care, the plant will give a bountiful and tasty harvest in due time.

Fertilizing plays a key role in increasing the yield and quality of vegetables and fruits. Everyone knows that it is not enough to fertilize the soil just before planting a crop; it is important to carry out this activity regularly throughout the growing season. Let's talk about how it should be produced feeding tomatoes during flowering and fruiting.

We feed tomatoes at different stages of development

Feeding before flowering

You need to start feeding tomatoes even before they begin to bloom - two to three weeks after planting the seedlings in open ground. To do this, prepare a nutrient mixture that includes the following types of fertilizers:

40 g phosphorus,
25 g nitrogen,
15 g potassium.

All this is diluted in a bucket of water and each bush is watered with three glasses of this solution.

The first feeding of tomatoes is carried out 2-3 weeks after planting in open ground.

Feeding tomatoes at the beginning of flowering

As soon as the tomatoes on the site begin to bloom, it is useful to apply fertilizing prepared as follows:

dissolve 1.5 tbsp in 1 liter of mullein infusion. l. superphosphate,
dilute this mixture for feeding in a bucket of water.

We feed during the active flowering phase

During the active flowering phase, it is better to feed tomatoes with compost. It is prepared in this way:

Fill the barrel with chopped weeds.
Fill with water so that there is 5 times more water than weeds.
It is advisable to enrich the composition by adding ash, manure and bird droppings.
The composition should be left to stand for a week.

After a week, each tomato bush is watered with a liter of the resulting infusion.

Superphosphate, mullein and compost are useful for tomatoes during flowering

How to feed tomatoes at the end of flowering

Before the formation of the ovary, it is advisable to carry out measures to foliar feeding tomatoes. To prepare the working composition you need to take:

60 g superphosphate,
40 g potassium chloride,
15 g ammonium nitrate.

After all the components are mixed, you need to dissolve them in a bucket of water, after which the resulting solution can be used to spray the bushes.

Fertilizing tomatoes during fruiting period

In order to supply tomatoes with a sufficient amount of substances necessary for the formation and ripening of fruits, it is necessary to pay special attention to fertilizing at the very beginning of the fruiting period. Experienced agronomists advise preparing the nutritional composition for feeding in this way:

Pour 2 liters of wood ash into 5 liters of boiling water.
We bring the volume to 10 liters.
Add 10 g of boric acid and a bottle of iodine.
Each liter of this solution is diluted with a bucket of water.

Evening time is the best period for feeding

By watering each tomato bush with such a solution, you not only speed up the fruiting process, but also improve the quality of the fruit, and also protect the plant from late blight.

An alternative fertilizer for tomatoes during fruiting can be a composition made from the following components:

1 liter mullein,
2 tbsp. l. superphosphate,
1/3 tsp. copper sulfate.

Advice! It is best to fertilize tomatoes during flowering and fruiting in the evening. This way the sun will not be able to dry out the soil too quickly, which means the plant will be able to immediately absorb maximum amount valuable substances.

Feeding tomatoes during flowering and fruiting - this is important condition to get a good harvest. You should never neglect it if you want all your efforts in growing tomatoes not to be in vain. By receiving a sufficient amount of all the necessary substances, tomato bushes will become resistant to diseases and various unfavorable factors, more ovaries will form on them, and the formation and ripening of fruits will occur faster. And, of course, this cannot but affect the taste of the tomatoes.

Kira Stoletova

To obtain a good harvest, feeding tomatoes during flowering and fruit set plays an important role. The quantity and quality of the fruit depends on how much the plant was provided with nutrients.

You cannot thoughtlessly apply the first fertilizer you come across to the soil: the result will be the opposite of what was expected. It is necessary to accurately calculate the proportions and know what properties this or that soil has. For example, fertile black soils require significantly less fertilizer, while loam and sandy soils require more.

Why are tomatoes fertilized?

During the growing season, tomatoes are fertilized 4 times. This is enough to fully provide plants with nutrients, as well as components of the mineral group.

The main feedings are those produced at the beginning of flowering of the bushes, as well as during the formation of the ovary.

If during this period the tomato does not receive enough nutrients from the soil, many empty flowers are formed, which only waste the plant’s energy. The size of the fruit also suffers from this: large-fruited tomatoes in this case they grow small.

If you do not feed tomatoes properly during flowering, the fruits will contain many underdeveloped seeds. This problem is relevant for summer residents who grow varietal crops and independently collect seeds for planting. From such seed material good healthy seedlings it won’t work or the plantings won’t sprout at all.

How to fertilize tomatoes during the flowering period

On at this stage During the growing season, tomatoes need micro- and macroelements most of all.

Also by this time, the plant’s need for nitrogen is significantly reduced. The exception is when the bushes are very frail and do not have well-developed stems and leaves. This happens due to the poor quality of seedlings, lack of normal care and watering, as well as a lack of nitrogen in the first weeks after transplanting the plant into open ground.

Accordingly, the answer to the question of how to feed tomatoes during flowering is mineral and organic fertilizers containing required quantity micro- and macroelements. This is true for all plants: both those growing in a greenhouse and those living in open ground.

Mineral fertilizers

Feeding tomatoes during the flowering period should be given due attention. Among the huge variety mineral supplements you should use those that contain potassium chloride. It provokes an increase in the concentration of chlorine in the soil. This leads to the death of tomatoes.

Fertilizing flowering tomato bushes is carried out with the following preparations:

granulated or crushed superphosphate with a phosphorus concentration of no more than 18%;
double superphosphate, which is a more saturated fertilizer with a phosphorus concentration of 40 to 50%;
potassium salt, which contains 30-42% pure potassium;
potassium chloride (potassium concentration - not less than 53%);
potassium sulfate (potassium concentration - from 45 to 56%).

Over the past 5 years, the Kemira Lux complex has shown itself to be excellent. It is completely soluble in water and contains full list substances necessary for feeding tomatoes during the flowering period.

Senor Tomato also effectively copes with nutritional deficiencies during the formation of the first inflorescences. In addition to minerals, it contains nitrogenous bacteria that usually live on the nodules of legume plants. Humic acids in this fertilizer improve the nutritional properties of the soil. Not suitable for foliar treatment of tomatoes.

The Effecton complex is produced using a patented technology through the unique transformation of peat into nutritious compost using specialized bacteria. It also contains phosphate rock and oil shale ash, which provides the plant not only with minerals, but also with organic substances. Feeding tomatoes during flowering with this preparation guarantees abundant fruiting and a good harvest.

Organic fertilizers

For those who do not accept depositing chemical components into the soil, it is recommended to use organic fertilizers. They are no less effective than mineral ones, but have their advantages.

There are several types of such fertilizers:

Humates not only improve the structure of the soil, but also promote the development of beneficial microflora in it. Thanks to these fertilizers, high yields can be obtained even on the poorest soils. You can use GUMI Kuznetsov, Universal humate or Lignohumate. They are diluted in water according to the instructions and the bushes are watered at the root.
Yeast - simple and very effective feeding. It helps to catch up in growth of plants that took a long time to acclimatize to the new soil before transplanting or that were initially very weak. The effect of such a drug lasts up to 4 weeks, depending on the concentration of the solution and the presence of organic matter in the soil. Method of preparation: 100-150 g of fresh yeast are dissolved in 1 liter of warm water. After fermentation begins, the solution is poured into 10 liters of water and the tomatoes are added to the very roots, but so that the solution does not get on the leaves and shoots.
Ash is not only a source of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, but also effective means from many nightshade pests. Wood that has been processed (painted, varnished, glued) is not suitable. Tomato fertilization is carried out either with organic matter in dry form or diluted in water.
Iodine is an excellent remedy for flowering tomatoes. It promotes uniform flowering and rapid fruit set. For 10 liters of water, measure 6-8 drops with a pipette and mix with 0.5 liters of regular whey. The resulting solution is used to water the beds. For foliar treatment, take no more than 30 drops of the substance and dilute them in 1 liter of whey, add 1 tbsp. l. hydrogen peroxide. All this is diluted in 10 liters of water and sprayed on tomato leaves.
Herbal infusion is one of the most available funds for fertilizing tomatoes. Any weed that has not yet entered the flowering phase is finely chopped with a shovel or cut with scissors. Afterwards it is placed in a barrel, bottle or any other container 1/3 of the total volume. All this is filled with water and left to ferment in the sun for 10-12 days. A field of 1 liter of infusion is mixed with 9 liters of ordinary water and the bushes are watered (1-1.5 liters for each).
Boric acid improves the formation of flowers in the greenhouse and accelerates the fruiting process. Dilute 2 tbsp in 10 liters of water. l. boric acid, after which the plants are fed at the root.

Organic fertilizers are applied both as a single fertilizer and in combination. Contrary to the popular belief that natural substances in excess cannot harm the fruiting process, plantings should be fertilized with them sparingly. Excess leads to slower growth of bushes, as well as to the fall of the ovary.

Conclusion

You can fertilize tomatoes during flowering and formation of ovaries with both organic and minerals. Regardless of whether they grow in a greenhouse or in open ground, they are fed according to a certain pattern and in a certain amount. Violation of the order of fertilizing and dosage threatens to deviate from the norm in the development of bushes, and also leads to a decrease in the quality and volume of the harvest.

Tomatoes need macronutrients and nutrients. For strong seedlings and a rich harvest, three elements are needed: nitrogen (N), potassium (K) and phosphorus (P). When feeding tomatoes during flowering and fruiting, they should also receive magnesium, calcium, manganese, sulfur, iron, boron, molybdenum, cobalt and zinc.

Macroelements play a big role in feeding tomatoes during flowering and fruit set:

enrich the soil and improve seed germination;
activate the life processes of the plant;
improve fruit set, reduce the number of barren flowers;
participate in the synthesis of vitamins, proteins and carbohydrates;
increase the resistance of crops to sudden temperature changes, drought, disease and pests.

Signs of macro- and micronutrient deficiency in tomatoes

The appearance of the bushes will make it clear whether the tomatoes need to be fed:

The leaves become smaller and turn yellow, the veins on the underside become blue-red - lack of nitrogen.
The stem is thin, the underside of the leaf is red-violet, the ovary crumbles, the vegetables are small - lack of phosphorus.
New shoots are wrinkled, covered with bronze spots, the crop ripens unevenly - potassium deficiency.
Leaves are brittle, curl upward, fall off prematurely - low magnesium.
Stem growth stops early and flowers fall off – lack of calcium.
The lower old shoots turn sharply yellow, the stem thickens - lack of sulfur.
The growth point of the stem turns black, the fruits take on an ugly shape, the tissues in vegetables die off - there is not enough boron.
Pale yellow spots appear on the upper young leaves - a lack of manganese.
Yellowing of leaves due to iron deficiency is similar to nitrogen starvation.

Feeding tomatoes during flowering and fruiting

Before the buds appear, a healthy seedling already has 6–8 pairs of leaves. The bushes should be dark green, not overgrown, with a thick stem and large leaves. This will serve as a signal that the nitrogen content in tomato fertilizing needs to be reduced. If there is an excess of nitrogen, the seedling will develop green mass, extra shoots will form and fruits will not set.

Video: Excellent feeding that increases the number of ovaries in tomatoes

This vegetable requires phosphorus as well as potassium when the crop ripens. It is necessary to feed tomatoes during flowering and fruit growth once every twenty days. The best way applying potassium and phosphorus preparations at this stage - watering under the roots with a diluted concentrate.

You can alternate mineral and organic substances. Before applying the drug to the root, the plant needs to be shed a little. clean water so as not to burn the roots with chemicals. It is also recommended to add zinc and boron, magnesium and calcium by foliar spraying of bushes

How can you feed tomatoes during flowering and fruit ripening:

"Monopotassium phosphate." Contains 46% phosphorus, 34% potassium. The consumption rate is 10 - 15 g per 10 liters.
"Diammophos". Contains N9:K25:P25. The dilution scheme for the substance is 20g per bucket of water.
"Double superphosphate". Contains phosphorus 46%, as well as calcium sulfate, ammonium and iron phosphates. Dilute 100 g of superphosphate per 10 liters of warm water.

Complex fertilizers

What fertilizers do tomatoes need for good fruiting? If the bushes develop normally, they do not show signs of excess nitrogen, then you can use complex preparations. They are easily soluble in water, suitable for foliar processing and for root watering, and contain microelements in the required concentration. Experts recommend:

"Kemira Lux". Packaging – 100g. Suitable for use in open ground and greenhouses. Contains nitrogen 16%, potassium 27%, phosphorus 20.6% and microelements. Dilute – 10g per 10 liters.
"A clean slate for tomatoes." Packaging – 1.2kg, 350g and 100g. Mineral concentrate with nitrogen 16%, phosphorus 8.7%, potassium 20%. Consumption – 10g per 5 liters.
"Fasco Baby for tomatoes." Contains phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium and organic matter. Available in 50g and 250ml packaging. Consumption rate – 10g per bucket of liquid.

Fertilizers for foliar treatment

Feeding tomatoes during the fruiting period includes spraying fertilizers on the leaves. They contain all microelements in a form easily accessible to plants, which are absorbed by 90% after application. Preparations for foliar feeding of tomatoes during fruit growth in the greenhouse and in the open ground are available in liquid and powder form. The role of such microelements is great:

accelerate the ovary;
improve taste;
increase the shelf life of the crop;
increases resistance to diseases.

"Quantum for vegetable crops" Complex, highly concentrated chelate. Contains nitrogen 5%, phosphorus 5%, potassium 7%, iron, zinc, copper, magnesium, boron and humic and amino acids. Apply twice: before budding and three weeks after the first treatment. The consumption rate is 30 ml per 10 liters of water.
"Reacom for tomatoes." Chelated concentrate containing phosphorus 40%, potassium 60%, sulfur, iron, molybdenum, magnesium, copper, boron. Consumption rate – 25g per 10l of water.
"Boric acid". Consumption rate – 10 g per 10 liters of water. What is the microelement boron used for?

promotes pollination and ovary formation;
increases yield up to 20%;
promotes better absorption of calcium.

The role of humate for feeding tomatoes

Humates are substances with humic acids. Humic substances are extracted from peat and contain about 50 macro- and microelements. Some elements of these acids are not absorbed by crops from the soil, so they are converted into water-soluble potassium or sodium salts.

Humate preparations when feeding tomatoes during fruiting in a greenhouse and open ground are not recommended to be used simultaneously with phosphorus substances and calcium nitrate

Humates should be applied three weeks before the first harvest.. For spraying, use filtered concentrate without raw material particles.

How humates affect the plant:

prevent shedding of the ovary;
accelerate the ripening time of vegetables;
reduce the content of nitrates and radionuclides in the crop.

What humate preparations can be used to feed tomatoes for rapid fruit ripening in June – August:

“Potassium humate”, “Sodium humate” and “Humate+7” are available in dry and liquid form. The concentration of the active substance is different companies Manufacturers differ, so you need to follow the instructions on the package.
“Hera for tomatoes” is a humated, granular substance. Contains main elements and salts of humic acids. The drug is applied dry in a dosage of 5g under a bush.

Video: How to feed tomatoes with potassium humate

Organic fertilizers for tomatoes

Such substances are obtained as a result of processing waste products of plants and animals. All types are suitable for feeding tomatoes during fruiting. organic fertilizers. Let's look at the main types of organic matter:

Wood ash. It is obtained by burning wood, so it contains no nitrogen. Contains potassium in high concentration, as well as calcium, magnesium, molybdenum, manganese and boron. Application method: watering 100 g of ash per 10 liters of water at the root.
Vermicompost. Foliage, grass or manure processed by earthworms. Contains a water-soluble form of elements, amino acids and humic substances. For feeding during the flowering and growth of tomato fruits, you can use the drug “Humisol”. It increases productivity and enhances taste. The consumption rate for spraying is 250 ml per 10 liters of water.
Cow and horse dung. Contains the necessary elements for crops. Use dry manure. Infuse 1 kg of humus in 10 liters of water for 5 days. Next, dilute each liter of the resulting liquid with a bucket of water. Apply 1 liter of prepared liquid under the bushes.
Bird droppings. It contains three to four times more useful microelements, so you need to dilute 1 liter of concentrate per 20 liters of water.

Useful tips for feeding tomatoes in a greenhouse and in open ground

Basic moments:

Choose complex formulations with potassium, phosphorus, boron, magnesium. Use preparations with a minimum nitrogen content in the composition.
Alternate the addition of mineral and organic substances.
To speed up the growth of fruits, remove the leaves on the stem up to the first cluster with the ovary and pinch the tops of the shoots on which the vegetables are formed.
Apply fertilizer when digging the soil in the fall. Use 50g superphosphate and 20g potassium sulfate for square meter plot.
In the spring, when planting seedlings, add 10 g of nitroammophoska to each hole.
Plant green manure in the place where this vegetable will grow. Plants such as oilseed radish, lupine, phacelia, mustard, and alfalfa improve the structure of the soil and accumulate nutrients in it.
In polycarbonate greenhouses, it is imperative to ventilate the seedlings after foliar treatment; close the greenhouse when the leaves are completely dry.
Follow the dilution standards for chemicals according to the instructions, do not exceed the number of treatments.
Ensure regular and sufficient watering during the period of budding and ripening of the crop. With a lack of watering, a barren flower forms and the ovary crumbles.