The most used material for flooring is linoleum. This trend is not affected even by the fact that the construction industry now offers many alternative materials. If you lay it correctly, the floor will have a neat and well-groomed appearance for a long time, without requiring special effort for its maintenance.
Linoleum is attached in various ways, but the most used is gluing the material to a concrete base. The popularity of this coating is high both in home repair work, and in industry. This article discusses what glue is needed, how to use it, and how to lay linoleum correctly.
Why do you need to fix linoleum on the floor?
Such a coating is not a solid material, so it is subject to various deformations, which lead to:
- difference in humidity in the room;
- temperature jumps;
- moving heavy items such as furniture;
As a result of such influences, linoleum floats, waves and peelings form on it, and the coating may peel off at the joints. All this significantly reduces the service life of floors. Yes and appearance becomes sloppy. This leads to new replacement costs flooring.
Methods for fixing linoleum on a concrete floor
There are three ways:
- Fixation both partially and over the entire surface using mastic or special compounds. For example, you can use glue to commercial linoleum Norme color profi, the consumption of which must be calculated in advance.
- The method, called dry, is used for rooms with an area of up to twenty square meters. Typically used whole piece coverings. With this type of fastening it is better to lay classic wooden skirting boards, since plastic ones are soft in structure and cannot always press the panel well.
- Linoleum can be glued using double sided tape used in construction. This method is suitable for tight spaces and smooth joints. The method is simple and quick, but it has a drawback: after some time, the sticky part of the tape tends to dry out, ceasing to perform its functions. As a result, this causes the edges to curl upward.
Things to consider
In order to choose the right coating and adhesive for commercial linoleum and calculate their quantity, it is necessary to take into account the following factors:
- the area of the floor on which the panel will be laid - with an increase in the area of coverage, the risk that it will be deformed as a result of physical and climatic influences increases;
- it is necessary to identify those places in the room that bear increased operational load - gluing will have to be done there with special care;
- It is imperative to take into account the complexity of the shape of the floor - to lay it, separate fragments of the coating will be required, which will entail increased consumption of linoleum and glue;
- if the canvas is laid in small areas - in the kitchen or hallway, then it can be fixed using the dry method, when the linoleum is not glued to the concrete base, but is secured with skirting boards around the perimeter.
Currently, manufacturers offer a wide range of linoleum coverings and adhesive materials. For comparison, just a few years ago, PVA glue was used to glue the material to almost any base, including concrete. It is quite easy to use and does not require special skills. Modern compositions, which includes Khomakol adhesive for commercial linoleum, are adapted and used with certain types and types of coatings. Therefore, before using them, you must read the description and instructions.
Preparing for work
Those who believe that a well-prepared concrete base will allow you to easily obtain a securely fixed coating that will last a long time.
Therefore, the protruding places and depressions are first leveled. If there are small cracks with crumbling concrete, they are scraped out and sealed. You can level the surface with a self-leveling mixture. In cases where the floor is very uneven or tilts in one direction, the best solution would be to make a new concrete screed. The smoother the base, the better the commercial linoleum adhesive will adhere to the concrete floor.
Before starting work, be sure to clean the floor from dust and dirt.
Preparation of linoleum covering
You cannot lay the canvas immediately after purchase or long-term storage. Before installation, the coating must be acclimatized in the room where it will be used. IN summer time Every year, linoleum is rolled out for about a week, during which the material will straighten. And in winter the roll in original form leave for a couple of days to prevent cracking during unwinding. And then the covering is spread in room conditions until it reaches an even state.
Among other materials, you will need a special composition for the work. The consumption of glue for commercial linoleum must be calculated in advance, taking into account the reserve, so that it does not accidentally run out in the midst of work.
When the preparation is completed, the canvas is cut according to the dimensions of the room. This process must be approached with great responsibility in order to prevent a large waste of material as a result of incorrect cutting. Everything needs to be thought out in advance.
Types of adhesives
Adhesive for commercial linoleum is divided into two types:
- reactionary;
- dispersive.
Reactive types of glue contain polyurethane and epoxy resin. This product quickly and firmly connects to the concrete base and the underside of the linoleum, thereby creating a very strong connection. These coatings are durable, moisture-resistant and resistant to all kinds of loads.
The dispersion type of adhesive compositions contains basically water with the addition of vinyl, latex and acrylic additives. In terms of the strength of the connection with concrete, such adhesive for commercial linoleum is comparable to the previous material, with the only difference being that it cannot be used at low temperatures.
Qualities of dispersion adhesive
It is worth noting the following properties of this composition:
- has no smell, what does it have great value during work;
- does not require much consumption when used, is economical;
- has no toxic impurities;
- safe for animals and humans;
- has good adhesive characteristics.
A negative property is the loss of quality at low temperatures.
The best use of this glue is for fastening coatings based on polyurethane foam, fabric and felt.
You should also know that dispersion compositions are divided into:
- universal mixtures, for example, adhesive for commercial linoleum Homakoll 248, which are used with any type of fabric;
- acrylate: glues homogeneous and heterogeneous types of coatings laid in high and moderate traffic areas;
- Bustilate, which is intended for working with felt-based linoleum;
- humilax: contains rubber, so it perfectly adheres to natural material;
- Bitumen mastic is suitable for covering a fabric base.
Using dispersion adhesive
A good representative of this group of adhesive compositions is Norme color profi commercial linoleum adhesive.
This glue is applied with a notched trowel to the surface of the concrete floor on which the canvas will be glued, in a layer of half a centimeter. Linoleum is applied on top and, using a special roller, smoothed from the middle to the edge. Excess glue is removed with a cloth. Leave to dry for a couple of days.
The approximate consumption of glue, depending on the variety, ranges from two hundred to seven hundred grams per square meter processed area. To accurately calculate the quantity adhesive solution you must follow the instructions.
Qualities of reaction mixtures
This adhesive for commercial linoleum is used as cold welding. After its application, the surface of the canvas melts, turning the joints into a durable strip.
The glue has a number of disadvantages:
- has a sharp pungent odor;
- has explosive and fire hazardous properties;
- When using, you must have a mask and gloves, as well as an open window for ventilation.
Cold welding is divided into the following types:
- A-type - suitable for all types of coatings, used for gluing new fabric, liquid.
- C-type - glues divergent old seams up to four millimeters wide, hard.
- T-type - designed for working with PVC linoleum with a polyester or felt base, elastic, applied using a T-shaped nozzle.
Application of the reaction composition
A representative of this group of materials is Tarkett commercial linoleum adhesive.
To achieve inconspicuous seams, it is necessary to ensure a tight fit of the joints and their evenness. This can be realized by walking around the perimeter of seventy centimeters and waiting for each section to dry completely. It is allowed to subject the glued area to loads only after an hour.
Drops that fall on the canvas are carefully scraped off with a knife after complete drying.
The consumption of this type of adhesive material is approximately sixty milliliters per twenty-five linear meters of seam. For large premises You can successfully use commercial linoleum adhesive in 14kg packaging, which will be more economical than using lighter weight boxes.
How to glue linoleum
The coating technology involves several stages:
- preparation of adhesive composition;
- it is necessary to bend half of the spread linoleum sheet;
- the released concrete is covered with an adhesive, which is applied with a roller or spatula;
- the bent part of the linoleum is placed on top of the glue and pressed evenly over the entire surface with a roller to expel air bubbles from inside.
If the coating is laid in several parts, then they are overlapped. In this case, the edges need to be well lubricated with glue. Afterwards, both layers are cut under the ruler, which ensures a perfectly even joint. Then you need to bend the edges again, coat them with adhesive and roll them up with a roller. Finally, the joint is processed using cold welding.
If the calculations are carried out correctly and the sequence of work is followed, the result is an attractive, durable coating.
One of the most affordable and reliable ways to fix flooring is to use linoleum glue. At the same time, various products from both domestic and foreign manufacturers are now quite common.
Moreover, now there is no such difficulty in choosing the glue that suits your needs. The huge variety of types of glue presented will confuse many as to which one is right for me. Let's try to figure it out together.
Contents:
Types of composition and its features
It is not only the manufacturer’s brand that determines the characteristics of the adhesive for a given coating. Depending on the material that is planned to be laid, the composition is divided into:
- For canvas on a natural basis;
- With antistatic properties;
- For a semi-commercial look;
- For homogeneous linoleum (coating consisting of one layer);
- Commercial type.
It is worth noting that a number of brands produce compounds that are equally successfully used for laying linoleum and carpet.
Depending on whether additives have been added to the mixture that can provide frost resistance, it can be very practical and not lose its properties after being transported in the harshest conditions.
In addition to the type of coating, the presence of unevenness on the floor and its type, as well as the materials from which the canvas is composed, it is also necessary to take into account the type of glue, each of which is used subject to a number of conditions indicated in the instructions.
There are:
- Containing water as a base (dispersive);
- On epoxy and polyurethane components (reaction composition), which interact with each other and form an adhesive effect.
Effective solutions for laying down the canvas are Bustilat and PVA. These means allow you to reliably glue the canvas onto a heat-sound-insulating base.
Linoleum, which is supplied without a base or contains fabric in its structure, is laid on a coumaron-rubber type. All installation work with this material must be carried out by professionals, since this composition is extremely explosive.
To lay alkyd or polyvinyl chloride flooring, it is also good to use bitumen mastic. Modern industry also offers acrylic adhesives that are suitable for limited types of coatings.
Advantages of Tarkett products
If we select adhesive for Tarkett brand linoleum, we need to focus on the type of floor covering that we plan to lay. The adhesive differs significantly in physical properties and composition, therefore, for reliable fixation of the coating, it is necessary to match these building materials.
- Ability to reliably fix high-quality structured coating;
- Non-toxic;
- Fast pecking action;
- High frost resistance;
- High moisture resistance parameters.
- Fast hardening.
The described advantages provide Tarkett glue with effective gluing action for structured floor coverings.
Methods for gluing fabric
Laying linoleum on glue is not a big problem. The main thing is to ensure that the canvas is evenly positioned, and also to roll out the coating efficiently to displace any missing air bubbles.
We glue by cold welding.
Much greater difficulties can be caused by the need to fasten the seams of individual canvases, which cannot be avoided when organizing flooring in a fairly wide room. If we select glue for linoleum from the manufacturer Tarkett, it is important to know about the availability of means for high-quality joints using modern technology.
Hot welding of coating seams uses a heat gun with a special nozzle to form a groove into which a special welding cord will be laid. It is important to choose a cord that matches the collection of purchased flooring. After thermal exposure, the cord, melting, remains in the groove and reliably fastens the material sheets.
To join the seams, you can also use a linoleum adhesive composition. Cold welding is based on this operation. This technology indispensable for household and some types of semi-commercial linoleum, which have a soft texture. In this case, it is possible to connect the seams when organizing a new canvas, as well as detached canvases of old linoleum.
For tight fixation of a commercial or semi-commercial type, you can choose Homakoll 248 adhesive, which is a fireproof and non-toxic product.
For a softer household type, you can use a product from the Homakoll 228 brand. These special adhesives are universal and are excellent for multi-layer flooring.
Cold welding Homakoll 228
Products from the German manufacturer Thomsit remain popular, which also varies in composition for various types coverings.
The choice of adhesive for laying linoleum depends on the type of material that needs to be laid. At the same time, the Tarkett company offers reliable adhesive with high performance characteristics.
Linoleum is a new generation floor covering. Of course, such a coating has been known for a long time, but modern linoleum has surpassed its ancestor in many respects, for example, environmental safety and wear resistance. Thanks to these excellent properties, linoleum is quite competitive with expensive floor coverings such as laminate or parquet. In terms of service life, it is also on par with other materials - this period ranges from seven to thirty years. Linoleum decors are amazing - they are not only traditional classics, but also abstract images. Collections are updated once a year. Modern technology keeps up with the times and safety requirements, linoleum of modern brands meets all necessary requirements and has a quality certificate.
Where did linoleum come from and what does it consist of?
Linoleum appeared thanks to the Englishman Frederick Walton, who received a patent for his product in 1863. He came up with the name of the material himself - and he did not need to “reinvent the wheel.” After all, the binding basis of linoleum is linseed oil, the Latin name of which served as the basis for the name of the floor covering. Components linoleum are linseed oil, tree resin, wood or cork flour, lime powder, jute fabric. Linoleum is divided into “natural linoleum” and PVC. Natural linoleum is, of course, safer for health.
What kind of glue is there for linoleum?
The choice of glue depends on the material that underlies the linoleum, the base on which the linoleum will lie, and the humidity of the room is also of great importance. Adhesive for linoleum is divided into two types: dispersive and reactionary. Dispersion adhesive is based on water. It is non-toxic, easy to use, and traces of it can be easily removed with soap. Reaction glue for linoleum consists of a mixture of epoxy and polyurethane materials entering into a chemical reaction. Reaction adhesive is very water resistant, but the surface must be thoroughly cleaned before use.
In our Parquet Fair online store, experienced managers will help you select and buy not only linoleum for your premises, but also glue for its installation. For large orders we offer discounts for you. Quality guarantees and low prices.
Many buyers believe that linoleum coverings need to be glued only at the joints. But manufacturers strongly recommend that when laying elastic flooring materials, apply adhesive compounds to the entire base area.
There are two basic types on the market for elastic household coatings:
- Marmoleum - roll or modular products of the premium segment from natural ingredients on a jute basis.
- PVC linoleum, produced from thermoplastic polymers with various additives.
More than 20 years ago they developed detailed instructions for laying flexible floor coverings. They comply with both European (DIN) and Russian (SNiP, SP) standards. Absolutely all manufacturers strongly recommend completely gluing linoleum onto a concrete floor, mineral or prefabricated screed, wood flooring or any other flat, strong and rigid base. The reason, as trivial as it may seem, is in the manufacturers' warranty obligations.
The fact is that roll or modular linoleum (tiles, planks) is subjected to significant loads for compression, tension, shear, etc. Gluing the coating allows you to minimize the coefficient of deformation (including from friction with the base) and increase the service life of the deck by 40-60%. That is why Tarkett, Forbo, Juteks and other manufacturers indicate that the warranty on flooring material is valid only if the installation rules are followed. Special attention choice is given the right glue and the process of adhesive fixation of linoleum to the floor.
For rooms with an area of less than 20 m², installation of the coating without adhesion to the base using adhesive compounds is allowed. Can be glued to double sided tape or secure with decorative moldings around the perimeter (thresholds, baseboards). But in this case, the manufacturer declines responsibility for the service life of the elastic material.
What to glue
Properly prepared concrete floors are highly stable and durable. Therefore, they are considered an ideal base for any flooring materials. To fix on them flexible coatings, including textile and rubber, designed a whole series various compositions. We will consider only those that can be used for synthetic or natural linoleum.
Well-known manufacturers (Bostik, Homakol, Eurocol, etc.) produce two types of highly specialized products:
Dispersion adhesives
They are produced for all types of linoleum materials, including household and commercial, roll and modular. They are one-component acrylic dispersions with the addition of various additives and additives. Water is used as a solvent in the paste, so this type of adhesive composition is the safest, non-toxic and easy to use. Apply linoleum adhesive to the concrete floor with a notched trowel or short-haired roller. Open time varies from 30 to 45 minutes, the drying period is 24 hours for passage and at least 5 days for full operation.
Dispersion adhesives.
Dispersion acrylic adhesives are manufactured in several modifications (separately for PVC and natural):
- Standard for household and semi-commercial linoleum;
- Reinforced for wall or floor semi-commercial and commercial series, or for non-absorbent surfaces;
- Versatile with extended open working hours;
- Improved for highly absorbent substrates (water content in paste reduced by 15-35%);
- Heavy-duty with frost-resistant additives.
For natural linoleum, you cannot use compositions containing bitumen or solvents, as well as adhesive mixtures intended for PVC products.
Reactive or multicomponent
This is a professional class of construction chemicals, when used, gluing occurs as a result chemical reaction. Polyurethane, polyurethane-epoxy or polyurethane-acrylic adhesives are supplied complete with catalysts. When mixed, a paste is formed, which, after curing, is characterized by increased resistance to water, sub-zero temperatures, chemically aggressive liquids, various loads.
Reaction adhesives.
Most often, multicomponent adhesives are used to fix commercial or specialized coatings (conductive, sports, etc.). Occasionally used for laying linoleum on complex or non-absorbent substrates made of stone, ceramics, etc.
Manufacturers produce a whole class contact adhesives in strong solvents. These are products based on rubber, neoprene, tetrahydrofuran and other complex resins. But they absolutely cannot be used for PVC or natural linoleum. They corrode the material and change its color. For the same reason, it is undesirable to use quick-setting “liquid nails” or adhesive-sealants containing a large amount of active (volatile) solvents. The exception is products based on water and alcohol.
What else
Is it possible to replace dispersion or reaction compositions? In small areas you can use the following types:
Of course, we have listed only the most well-known substitutes for specialized adhesive compounds. In the assortment of Russian factories you can also find little-known acrylic adhesive mastics (Polax, AMS-1), bitumen-rubber or bitumen-chalk masses and others. The choice of adhesive depends on many factors, including:
- type of linoleum;
- coverage area;
- required service life (temporary or permanent);
- your budget.
We believe that it is better to listen to the manufacturers and use the formulations that they recommend. After all, not only the service life of the coating, but also your comfort depends on this.
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Linoleum flooring owes its universal popularity to many of its remarkable qualities, in particular, ease of installation. It can also be installed in “inconvenient” rooms where operating conditions are unfavorable: high levels of traffic, humidity, etc.
When choosing any finishing coating, developers pay attention to the most reliable and affordable method of fixation. Many people are interested in whether it is necessary to glue linoleum to the floor, especially since quite often the covering is laid as a single sheet with the edges secured with baseboards.
Laying linoleum with glue makes it possible to get monolithic coating, the strength of which ensures rigid adhesion to every point of the base. In this case, you can completely exclude
- divergence of seams, which are practically invisible;
- swelling, which is often associated with loosely laid finishing material, for example, in the place of chair legs.
In addition, the durability of such a floor increases by about 50%, and the appearance continues to remain just as attractive.
Thus, glue for linoleum, the price of which, by the way, is significantly lower than that of the finishing material, ensures reliable installation and fixation of the finished floor.
Types of glue and their technical characteristics
The construction market offers various options of this floor covering, which differ in their main technical characteristics. That's why use random for styling, even with best reviews and strength indicators, is strongly not recommended. Each of them has its own GOST. The composition must match the type of material being laid, for example, glue for natural linoleum, commercial, felt-based, etc.
But how to choose from the huge variety of mixtures offered to the consumer? best glue for linoleum, how to glue depending on:
- base material. Manufacturers offer adhesives for linoleum on concrete floors, on wooden floors, and universal;
- glue consumption, which, in particular, depends on the operating characteristics of the room. They are the ones who determine how to glue linoleum. For rooms where it is possible for the panels to move, which can result in the formation of “wrinkles,” gluing is performed along the entire base. For other cases, you can limit yourself to “spot” application of the composition;
- the type and condition of the coating material, in particular, whether it is new or used. Working with each of them has its own nuances;
- temperature regime in the room where the floor is being finished, since it determines how long the linoleum glue takes to dry.
There are three types of adhesive compositions used for these purposes:
- dispersive;
- reactionary;
- universal.
Experts recommend treating the choice of universal compounds with a certain degree of caution, since their qualities are often exaggerated. A competent choice of adhesive composition should be based either on the type of finishing material, or focused on the same manufacturer. For example, the Tarkett company produces special Tarkett linoleum adhesive for its coatings.
Dispersion adhesive for linoleum
This class includes adhesive mixtures, which are various compositions from
- acrylic;
- aqueous dispersion;
- carboxymethylcellulose with various special additives: chalk, latex or others.
- practically no smell,
- non-toxic,
- elastic;
- suitable for installing floors made of coatings on different bases: fabric, felt, polyurethane foam.
However, they are not sufficiently water- and frost-resistant and after defrosting they practically stop working.
The presence of water in these compositions imposes some restrictions on their use. In order for the glue to set, the water must be able to “go somewhere”, in other words, with the help of such compositions it is possible to finish surfaces that can absorb moisture. When using water-dispersed adhesive for gluing linoleum onto a concrete, wooden or similar floor, you cannot lay an additional “substrate”.
Often when installing hydro- and sound insulation interfloor ceilings their quality is improved by first laying a layer of polyethylene film. If you don’t know the intricacies of how to glue linoleum to the floor and stick it on a polyethylene backing, fix it reliable material it won't work. The fact is that the partially remaining moisture will not give adhesive composition, applied to the film, dry in the mass, but only along the edges of the joints and the perimeter.
The most popular types of dispersion adhesive
- Bustilat - great option for attaching an insulated covering with a felt base.
- Acrylate - used when laying both hetero- and homogeneous coating indoors even with high level patency.
- Gumilax - can be used to fix natural materials.
- Conductive is often adjacent to an antistatic coating. It is ideal for finishing rooms where a large amount of electrical equipment is installed.
The consumption of linoleum glue per 1 m2 ranges from 0.2 to 0.6 kg per sq.m. Which one depends on the basis. These are average figures, for example, for Bustil glue T it can be 800 g per sq.m. To calculate the consumption per 1m2 use online calculator, although glue manufacturers usually indicate the data directly on the packaging.
Adhesive compositions of this type are most often used for continuous gluing of material onto a carefully leveled base.
Natural linoleum is needed glue on a moisture-absorbing base, like plywood and others, using water-dispersive compounds. For example, this could be Forbo 418 Euroflex Lino Plus linoleum adhesive, which is characterized by “moisture retention power.” In other words, the composition, even before it has time to dry, develops high adhesive force.
Reaction glue
This is an adhesive composition on polyurethane or epoxy based. It has the highest level of adhesion, creates an intermediate layer between the coating and the base, which is different
- increased rigidity,
- water resistance,
- durability,
- resistance to mechanical loads.
These compositions are much more expensive than dispersion ones, and this is not their only drawback. Let us note among them:
- acrid smell
- explosion and fire hazard,
- toxicity.
It is also known as linoleum joint adhesive. When laying the coating, a violent reaction occurs, during which the coating “melts”, so this glue can be called cold welding. Their consumption averages 0.3–0.4 kg per square meter. m.
Adhesive for linoleum joints is available in three brands, differing in their consistency:
- A-type – this is the most liquid option reaction mixture, used to connect sheets of new material, commercial or household, to a solid base. The seam with this gluing turns out thin. It is transparent and almost invisible. Consumption is approximately 5-6 ml/25 linear meters. m. When performing installation work Be sure to use personal protective equipment: gloves and a respiratory mask.
Adhesive for linoleum seams of this type is applied according to the following algorithm:
- the gap is cleaned and dried.
- it is glued along the length with masking tape.
- The tape is carefully cut along the joint line.
- Glue is squeezed into the opened space.
- The tape can be removed after about a quarter of an hour. The joint will completely cure within 60 minutes.
Note
The seams should be as short as possible - at most 0.50–0.70 m.
- C - type has a thicker consistency, which allows you to work with old or loosely laid material. After restoration of the separated joints, a new wide seam is formed on the old coating, the width of which can reach 3–4 mm. That is, when laid in this way, the edges seem to be connected by a solid strip of new material. Thus, such a connection is used to obtain a wide, thick seam.
- T-type is used for gluing panels PVC coating with a polyester base. This adhesive for linoleum seams is used mainly by professionals.
Works with reaction compounds perform it very carefully so that the glue does not get on the finished floor. You can, for example, keep a cloth under the tube. If this trouble, however, could not be avoided, you need to wait until the drop has completely hardened and carefully cut it off with a knife. Although the situation cannot be completely corrected, the stain, unfortunately, will remain.
Hot welding
This is another option for fastening canvases, which is used by professionals when laying commercial coatings or solving various artistic problems, for example, making appliqués. The glue for welding linoleum in this case has the form of a polymer that melts well when high temperature, which is provided by the welding gun. Having melted, it fills the groove where the pieces of finishing material meet. After cooling, a homogeneous coating is formed with the same technical characteristics both along the joint and in the rest of the area.
