Recently, the shelves of gardening stores have been filled with boxes, jars, and bags with completely incomprehensible or not very clear names. Humates can also be classified as such products, although the history of their use begins in Ancient Egypt.
Egyptian farmers noticed a significant increase in the yield of their fields, fertilized with Nile silt during floods. With the development of chemistry, humic acids were isolated from sludge and their effect on crops was assessed.
The soil layer is formed when plants die. Air oxygen, moisture and microorganisms transform organic residues into humus, which contains the main elements of plant nutrition: phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, microelements. It is humus that makes the soil fertile. Scientific name humus - humus.
The raw materials for the production of humate are: peat (mostly), sapropel (bottom sediments), brown coal, soil, manure, lignosulfates (the result of wood processing).
Notice! Natural humates organic fertilizer, obtained from plant materials. They do not harm humans, plants and soil.
Practice-proven properties of potassium humate
Over 3 centuries of using humates, their positive effect on soil structure and plant development has been confirmed.
Potassium humate and soil:
- the soil becomes moisture-absorbing and breathable, more cohesive;
- on sandy soils, the clumping process is activated;
- clay soil becomes looser;
- salts of heavy metals that enter the soil during the use of insecticides and pesticides are converted into insoluble compounds that are inaccessible to plants.
Potassium humate and plants:
- seed germination increases;
- accelerates the growth and survival rate of seedlings;
- plant survival increases, especially in difficult weather conditions;
- the quantity and quality of fruits improves;
- cuttings are accelerated;
- the shelf life of vegetables and fruits increases.
What is the mechanism of potassium humate
No more than 60% is absorbed by plants useful substances introduced by humans into the soil. The reasons for this are as follows:
- transition of fertilizers into an insoluble, and therefore inaccessible to plants, form;
- washing out to a depth inaccessible to plants;
- evaporation from the soil surface or from the surface of a leaf.
Important! Potassium humate increases the absorption of added nutrients by plants by 15-20%.
This is possible due to the fact that humate:
- works as a photostimulator of processes occurring in plants;
- provides additional plant nutrition due to potassium content;
- forms a nutrient medium for the development of beneficial soil microbes, suppresses the development of pathogenic microflora and fungi;
- converts into chelated (available for absorption) form chemical compounds of microelements that the plant cannot absorb on its own;
- serves as a surfactant during foliar feeding, distributing applied fertilizers over the entire surface of the leaf and keeping them from evaporation.
What does it look like
Potassium humate is produced in the form of:
- Powder
- Granule (tablets)
- Liquid concentrate.
The fertilizer produced from sapropel is called potassium humate “Prompter”.
Humates are divided into:
- for ballast (fertilizers);
- ballast-free (growth stimulants), containing a larger amount (more than 70%) of active substances.
Humic acids and their derivatives are integral part soil, and in a very large volume in comparison with the microscopic amount of the applied humate concentrate.
Conclusion. There cannot be too much potassium humate; it cannot spoil the composition of the soil even with an overdose. However, it is ineffective on black soils.
Instructions for using potassium humate: why and how?
Treatment of large areas
For these purposes, the drug is used in solid form. The norm is 100 g of potassium humate per 1 hundred square meters. To evenly cover the area, it is convenient to mix the powder with sand. Possible to use early spring, on the melting snow. If for spring digging, then plant it shallowly in the soil.
Preparation for sowing (planting)
Seeds are soaked in a solution of potassium humate before sowing, bulbs, tubers and rhizomes before planting, and cuttings to form roots. The soaking solution is prepared at the rate of 0.5 g of dry matter per 1 liter of water. For reference: 1 teaspoon contains 3 g of humate.
The duration of soaking seeds is up to 1 day, plant bulbs are about 8 hours, cuttings are lowered into the solution by 2/3 of their length for 12-14 hours. This operation leads to a reduction in the period of seed germination and emergence of seedlings.
The percentage of rooting of cuttings treated with potassium humate increases by 50% compared to untreated ones!
Foliar feeding
A special place among the methods of using potassium humate is occupied by foliar feeding, which allows you to most quickly deliver useful substances to plant cells. In this case, a solution of reduced concentration is prepared: 1 teaspoon of fertilizer (3 g) per 10 liters of water.
Spraying onto the crown of plants is done using a sprayer. To prevent the holes of the device from becoming clogged, the solution must be allowed to settle for 2 days before use and then filtered through gauze.
Root watering
Ingredients for root watering: 1 tablespoon of powder per 10 liters of water. Pour some into the bucket warm water(about 50 degrees), add the specified amount of dry humate, stir thoroughly and bring the volume of liquid to the desired level.
You can reduce the cost of time and effort if you first prepare a liquid concentrate at the rate of 10 tablespoons of humate per 1 liter of warm water, which is convenient to store in plastic bottle. For root irrigation, 100 ml of concentrate is diluted in 10 liters of water; for spraying, 50 ml, respectively.
Compatibility with other fertilizers
Potassium humate is used in combination with other fertilizers: potassium, nitrogen, organic. This combination allows you to reduce the amount of applied mineral fertilizers.
Phosphorus fertilizers and calcium nitrate cannot be applied to the soil at the same time as humates. It is necessary to wait 3-5 days, otherwise insoluble compounds will form.
Concerns regarding the use of potassium humate
There are claims that potassium humate is not as harmless as it is advertised:
- Humates made from brown coal may contain heavy metals;
- if sapropel or bottom sediments were used as raw materials, they may contain pesticides and other harmful substances washed into water bodies by rain;
- In the production of humates, alkalis are used, which can then pass into the soil.
All these fears are unfounded!
Pay attention! Under the influence of humic acids, salts of heavy metals contained in brown coal and pesticides are converted into a form that is inaccessible for absorption by plants. In addition, humates are added to the soil in extremely small volumes.
Taking this into account, the percentage harmful substances released into the soil along with humates is negligible. The process of producing humates includes not only the extraction of humic acids from humus, but also the mandatory neutralization of the resulting solution and purification of it from impurities.
That is why potassium humate is an absolutely safe substance for humans, animals and plants!
Terms of use of potassium humate
Early spring
- digging, with powder;
- watering the beds before sowing or planting;
- soaking seeds before sowing, tubers before planting;
- spraying seedlings before picking and transplanting to a permanent place.
Throughout the growing season
- root watering (no more than once a week);
- foliar feeding no more than once every 2 weeks);
- soaking cuttings for planting;
- - spraying the roots of seedlings before planting;
- watering the compost heap to ripen high-quality compost (4-6 times per season).
in autumn
- scattering powder or watering when soil is contaminated with chemicals or pesticides;
- soaking the roots of seedlings during transplantation.
Which vegetable crops respond best to potassium humate?
Tomatoes
Potassium humate is added 3-4 times:
- when 2 true leaves appear;
- when buds appear;
- at the peak of flowering;
- during fruit formation.
Potassium humate gives tomatoes sugariness and meatiness.
cucumbers
Treat with potassium humate, alternating root and foliar feeding, once every 2 weeks, starting from the appearance of true leaves. After using humates, cucumbers acquire a more saturated color, a dense structure without voids and juiciness without any bitterness.
Onions and garlic
Potassium humate is used no more than 2 times during the growing season, during the period of soaking the bulbs before planting and when shoots appear 5 cm high. The result of applying the fertilizer is dense, large bulbs and bright feathers on the onion. Garlic heads are large.
“Five bottles of potassium humate replace a truckload of manure.” This statement by Oktyabrina Ganichkina, a recognized authority in the field of gardening, should be the final argument for the use of potassium humate - an effective, safe and inexpensive product in our gardens and orchards!
What is humate and what does it give to the soil? Application:
Useful properties of humates:
Potassium humate is a fertilizer with a high content of humic acids. Used to accelerate the growth and development of plants. The action is aimed at reducing soil acidity, as well as increasing it general indicators. Increases yield growth and also improves the health of garden flowers.
Potassium humate contains peptides, sodium, growth stimulants, amino acids and antibiotics. Potassium humate stimulates plant metabolism and also participates in biochemical reactions in the soil. Humate was developed at the end of the 18th century. Nowadays, potassium humate is produced from peat, sapropel, brown coal and lignosulfate.
In appearance, humate resembles a dry dark powder, but it also comes in liquid form. The use of the product is aimed at treating seeds, seedlings or cuttings before planting. Even adult plants can be treated. The use of humate is prohibited in combination with other fertilizers that contain phosphorus, calcium nitrate and sodium. Humate is used first, and after 3-5 days other fertilizers are applied.
Humate in liquid form
Humate in liquid form is very popular among gardeners. The fertilizer is made from peat and has dark color. Beneficial microelements are extracted from peat and are included in the fertilizer. The liquid type of fertilizer is convenient to use and is also highly effective.
The product is a concentrate, which is bred in cold water. Instructions for use include the following points:
- To till the soil, take 0.1-0.2% of the total volume of fertilizer.
- Plants are treated with 0.01% of the total volume of humate.
Liquid fertilizer can be used in combination with organic or nitrogen compounds.
Humate in powder form
Fertilizer is used in powder form to enhance plant immunity. The product accelerates the growth and ripening of fruits. The powder is diluted in water according to the instructions:
- To treat seeds, use a teaspoon of powder per liter of water.
- The soil is treated with 10 liters of water containing 1 tablespoon of powder.
Potassium humate has a positive effect effect not only on the above-ground part of plants, but also strengthens the roots.
Fertilizer accelerates the development of positive microflora in the soil. Microflora accelerates the formation of humus, which increases productivity.
Humate helps remove heavy metals from the soil. After treatment with the product, the soil will not lose its characteristics. It will become richer and more fertile.
The benefits of humate prompter are known to many agronomists. Fertilizer is applied 2 times a month. The first feeding begins in March and ends in September. From October to February, fertilizer is applied once a month. . The prompter is obtained by extraction of microelements from humic sapropel. Humic sapropel is a deposit in fresh water bodies that are found throughout the CIS. Therefore, there is enough material for the production of humate prompter.
The treatment solution is diluted immediately before application to the soil. Fertilizer after long-term storage in a diluted state shows poor results. Seeds must be treated only with fresh solution.
The benefits of humate
The main property of feeding is to stimulate growth. Fertilizer awakens and strengthens the roots. Strong roots allow the plant to vital elements.
The product has the following beneficial properties:
- The fertilizer does not pollute the environment.
- Improves the soil, raising its nutritional characteristics.
- Accelerates the ripening of fruits and seeds.
- Productivity increases up to 50%.
- Plant immunity is significantly enhanced, and the risk of disease is reduced.
- The need to use nitrates is reduced.
- The shelf life of the crop increases.
- The plant tolerates low temperatures more easily.
Divorced in different ways depending on use. To soak seeds, you need 0.5 grams of potassium humate per 1 liter of water. Seeds are placed in such a solution for a period of 8 hours to 2 days. The cuttings are placed in the solution to 2/3 of the length of the stem. The cuttings must be soaked for 14 hours.
Plants are sprayed with a lightweight solution, which is 3 grams of potassium humate per 10 liters of water. To treat seedlings, one tablespoon per 10 liters of water is enough. Feeding is especially necessary during the flowering period.
Vegetable processing
Vegetables are processed immediately before planting, as well as during the flowering period. The application of fertilizer to vegetable crops ranges from 2 to 6 times per season. For irrigation, use 50-100 ml of potassium humate per 10 liters of water. Cabbage, beets, carrots and zucchini are processed four times a season. Fertilizing cucumbers and tomatoes occurs 3-4 times per season.
Before planting, potatoes need to be soaked. The solution for potatoes is made from 100 ml of potassium humate and 1 liter of water. Before planting seeds placed in the solution for 24 hours, and the bulbs for ten.
Greenery processing
Crops of this type are processed 2 to 6 times during the season. For treatment, a solution of 100 ml of potassium humate per 10 liters of water is used. Three liters is enough to water one square meter of land. Maintaining a ratio of 3-10 liters per 1 meter of land allows you to maintain the richness of the taste of crops. The growth rate of greenery also increases and productivity increases.
Treatment with potassium humates allows you to rid plants of various diseases that appear under the influence of the environment.
Processing of fruits and berries
It is advisable to apply fertilizer together with herbicides and pesticides. Feeding occurs at the beginning of spring. When the fruits just begin to form, fertilizer is applied. To prepare the solution, use 50-100 ml of liquid humate per 1 liter of water. Before planting berry crops, seeds are soaked in the solution for 10 hours. For irrigation, a solution is used that contains 100 ml of product per 10 liters of water. Fertilizer costs for spraying garden plot range from 1.5 to 3 liters per 100 square meters land.
Flower processing
Flowers are processed in the spring, when flowering just begins. After the first treatment, subsequent treatments occur every 2-3 weeks. Seeds must be soaked for 24 hours before sowing. A solution for soaking seeds is made from 100 ml of fertilizer per 1 liter of water. Flowers are watered with a solution. containing 100 ml of humate per 10 liters of water. To increase the concentration of the active substance, it will be enough to reduce the amount of water from 10 liters to 3.
Treatment of indoor plants
Potassium humate is used for fertilizer not only garden crops, but also house plants. Well suited for processing flowers that need potassium and sodium. Fertilizing ensures healthy growth of house flowers and also improves plant immunity. Fertilizer is applied when the plant is in the active growth phase. Fertilize once every 10 days. Dormant flowers are fed once a month. Most often, house flowers go into a dormant state from October to February.
Features of the use of potassium humate
Potassium humate is a natural fertilizer. This fertilizer does not pollute the soil and plants. Using fertilizer speeds up growth plants, and also improves health and increases yield by up to 50%.
The product does not affect the soil. After its use, the earth does not lose its characteristics. Humate improves plant resistance to pests, unlike other fertilizers. However, it should be noted that applying fertilizer to poor soil will be useless. Fertilizer only improves soil characteristics, but does not make unsuitable land suitable for planting. Before applying fertilizer to the soil, it is advisable to treat it with compost, loosen it and remove stones. The soil should not be dry and should not be in the form of lumps. Only after pre-treatment It makes sense to fertilize the soil.
Organic farming is becoming increasingly popular among farmers. Many specialists in agriculture and private gardeners and flower growers are switching to growing natural crops without the use of various chemical additives and fertilizers. A big role in these modern technologies Humates play a role, and in particular potassium humate.
About six decades ago, the famous professor Lydia Khristeva showed in practice the effectiveness of humates. Having isolated humic acids from the soil, which were represented by a solution of sodium salts, she used them to water the plants. This solution contributed to the accelerated growth and development of crops. Nowadays, preparations based on humates are used and manufactured in many countries and are in great demand in agriculture. This industry is being reborn every year into the production of environmentally friendly and healthy products. Farmers began to massively use humates in their activities.
What are humates?
Humates are a variety of preparations that are made from salts of humic acids that are easily dissolved and converted into an effective solution for use in various industries. Potassium and sodium salts are the basis and concentrate of humus, which directly controls the biochemical processes in the soil. Numerous groups of such drugs are used to restore depleted and poor land plots, during land drilling, in environmental practice, in crop and livestock production, as well as in construction and medicine.
Benefits of humus
Humus is formed during the decomposition of organic products and their waste. The more organic matter and less oxygen, the more efficient the process of humus accumulation occurs. Beneficial biochemical processes in the soil under the influence of humates occur only with three main components - soil, water and plants.
- Humates help improve the composition of the soil and fill it with nutrients, stimulate the growth of crops and protect them from toxic products and heavy metals.
- Humus helps warm the soil, as it turns it dark.
- Humus is able to maintain the necessary soil moisture, as it can hold water in large quantities.
- Using humus you can change the composition of the soil. For example, sandy crumbly areas with humus become cohesive, and viscous clay soils in combination with humus they turn into loose ones.
- When using potassium humate, plants absorb nutrients from soil and water at an accelerated rate.
Impact of potassium humate on various crops
Different crops react to this fertilizer individually, so they can be roughly divided into groups according to effect and degree of impact:
- A strong reaction occurs in vegetable crops.
- Corn, alfalfa, wheat and millet have a good reaction.
- The reaction is weak in legumes.
- Minimum impact on sunflower and pumpkin.
Potassium humate resembles ground coffee in appearance. It has the same color and similar flowability. It is used as a fertilizer for indoor plants and for flowers on open ground. This universal fertilizer can change crop volumes by better side, despite various unforeseen situations and unexpected weather conditions.
With correct and timely use of humates good harvest guaranteed. In principle, fertilizer can be applied at various stages of plant development and growth. It is only necessary to take into account the difference in application between annuals and perennials. An annual plant really needs fertilizer in the initial stage of development and before the formation of reproductive organs. Perennial crops need fertilizing after planting or transplanting to a new location to strengthen and maintain the root part of the plants.
Fertilization with humates is carried out in several ways:
- When soaking seeds before sowing or for processing other planting material.
- When watering.
- For foliar treatment (for example, when spraying).
Each type of crop has its own fertilizer application rate, which is indicated in the instructions for the product. Violating these recommendations to a lesser or greater extent is strictly prohibited, as the result will be a negative result. Plant growth and development may slow down, which will subsequently lead to low yields. It is recommended to distribute the preparation so that a small part is used for soaking seeds and spraying, and the larger part is used for watering at the root, that is, to nourish the root part of the plant.
To increase the yield coefficient, humates can be used in combination with other mineral components and microelements. The number of components of each individual complex fertilizer depends on the specific crop and the selected fertilizers. For example, you can use humus in combination with compost, manure and humus. Manure and compost contributes rapid growth microorganisms, if approximately 2.5-3 months before use they are treated with a humate solution. For 10 kg of compost or manure you will need 10 grams of humate. This complex fertilizer is applied to the soil by digging or in liquid form when watering.
The drug consists of 80% of the main substance and is a concentrated dark brown liquid with a growth-stimulating effect. During the processing of natural peat, many useful substances were extracted that are used in the preparation. These are potassium, numerous trace elements, as well as nitrogen and phosphorus. All these active organic substances are excellent plant nutrition and natural protection.
This fertilizer can be used at all stages of plant development and applied in any way. The liquid must be diluted with water according to the attached instructions (for a particular crop) and used for soaking planting material, spraying and applying under the root, soaking seedlings.
Peat potassium humate has an excellent effect as a soil nourishment. It helps increase organic components by plot of land. It must be applied in the form of a concentrated solution, using the manufacturer’s recommendations. In combination with organic, chemical and mineral fertilizers, the effectiveness of the drug increases several times. There are no prohibitions on combining humate with potassium and nitrogen, but mixing it with phosphorus preparations is not recommended. Newly formed compounds will not be able to dissolve during such mixing. Preparations containing phosphorus must be applied separately from other fertilizers.
Mixing organic and chemical substances should be done carefully if you are not sure of the final result. When mixing small doses various elements you can easily monitor their reaction. If a homogeneous liquid is formed, the fertilizer can be used, but if sediment forms, it cannot be used.
Non-root treatment method complex fertilizers(with potassium humate, pesticides and minerals) not only has a beneficial effect on the development of plants, but also significantly reduces the amount of nitrates and toxic substances in their composition.
Use of the drug potassium humate "Prompter"
This universal preparation is distinguished by its composition in that it combines mineral and organic substances. The main advantages of potassium humate “Prompter” among other drugs:
- Significantly reduces the ripening time of crops.
- Increases plant immunity and increases resistance to many diseases.
- The germination energy of seed material increases significantly.
- It is an excellent conductor of nutrients from the soil to the plant.
- For short terms can restore soil fertility and improve its composition.
- Promotes the formation of a healthy and strong root system.
- The resistance of plants to climate and weather changes, and to any adverse weather conditions, increases many times over.
- Quality improves harvested and its shelf life is increased by extending the shelf life.
Most often, this fertilizer is used to feed indoor flowers. Strictly observing the dosages recommended in the instructions, it is recommended to use the fertilizer 2 times a month from March to October and 4 times from November to February.
Application of peat potassium humate (in powder form)
The advantage of the drug is as follows:
- Helps reduce toxic substances and nitrates by 2 times.
- Strengthens the immune system and increases resistance to pests and diseases.
- Promotes rapid growth and maturation.
- Promotes the formation and strengthening of the root part of plants.
- The amount of nutrients and vitamins increases significantly.
- Promotes the formation of high-quality humus due to the rapid development of microflora.
- Restores soil fertility.
- Increases plant resistance to drought and cold.
Potassium humate in the country. How to improve the structure of a saline area (video)
Humus and its derivatives, humates, humic acids are the most important components of the soil, determining its fertility. They are the main elements of soil biochemical processes. For crop production purposes, the industry produces potassium humate, an organic type of fertilizer containing a large percentage of humic acids.
During the decomposition of plant residues in upper layers In the soil, humic acids are formed; their salts (sodium, potassium) are called humates. These natural compounds are necessary for soil microorganisms. By consuming them in the process of life, they change the mechanical and chemical composition soil for the better, making it more permeable and air-permeable.
- sapropel;
- peat;
- coal (brown);
- lingnosulfates (secondary products obtained during the production of cellulose).
The production of two types of humic fertilizers has been launched: ballast-free and ballast. The first type is used in the form of fertilizing, the second type stimulates the growth of seedlings and strengthens the immunity of garden and vegetable crops. Release forms: granules, tablets, powder, gel, paste, liquid concentrate.
The beneficial properties of the drug are determined by the composition: 80% - humic acids, 20% - enzymes, growth activators, peptides, amino acids. Purpose of humic preparations:
- change for the better the characteristics of the soil, restoration of its fertility;
- increased activity of soil microorganisms;
- normalization of pH;
- more efficient use of organic matter added to the soil;
- reduction of application rates nitrogen fertilizers by 50%;
- increasing the effectiveness of fungicides, insecticides, herbicides;
- positive impact on appearance, taste of vegetables and fruits, preservation of their health, environmental cleanliness;
- formation of stress resistance (weather, infections) in all plant species;
- restoration, strengthening of the root system;
- soil improvement (removal of harmful impurities).
The use of humic products for personal plot does not provide negative influence on humans, domestic animals, and the environment. These drugs are as effective as mineral fertilizers, surpass them in terms of price, environmental friendliness.
Humic fertilizers can be combined with most mineral preparations (urea, ammonium nitrate, UAN-32). Gardeners note an increase in yields after the first year of their use. Fruits and vegetables collected from plants that receive this type of nutrition during the growing season retain their commercial quality and nutritional value longer.
Instructions for use
The package with any form of potassium humate includes instructions for use. It is produced in the form of a liquid concentrate and brown powder. When using fertilizer, you need to take into account the pH level of the soil. The desired effect from the use of humic fertilizers is obtained on soils with an alkaline reaction.
Before applying any humic fertilizer, organic matter (humus, compost, manure) is added to the soil that is depleted or requires annual restoration in the fall (spring). Immediately before application, the soil is loosened and moistened.
It is prohibited to apply humates together with fertilizers containing phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca). This requirement must be observed so that the synthesis of insoluble compounds that deteriorate its quality does not occur in the soil. First, fertilizers containing Ca, K or P are added, and only after 5 days - potassium humate or its analogues.
Potassium humate peat liquid
Summer residents prefer the liquid form of fertilizer . It is produced in the form of a concentrated brown liquid. The raw material for production is peat. For different types treatments, a certain concentration of active substances is recommended; this is achieved by preparing a working solution, the basis of which is cold water.
- from 0.1 to 0.2% of the volume of liquid when preparing a solution for soil treatment;
- 0.01% of the volume of liquid when preparing a solution for treating plants of any type.
Peat potassium humate enriched with a complex of microelements is on sale. It has a wider spectrum of action on plants, therefore it is more popular among hobbyists (vegetable growers, flower growers, gardeners).
The concentrate is diluted in different proportions. The rate of humate per unit volume depends on the purpose of use:
- solution for soaking seeds - ⅓ tablespoon per liter;
- root feeding - 1 tablespoon per 10 liters;
- foliar feeding - 1 teaspoon per 10 liters.
Potassium humate Prompter
A liquid variety of potassium humate. Due to the rich composition of organic substances and minerals, the drug is classified as a universal organomineral fertilizer. The use of the Prompter is indicated for growing vegetables, flowers, and fruits.
With regular use throughout the growing season, its properties are fully manifested:
- plants take root faster and easier after transplantation;
- sudden changes in weather do not reduce immunity;
- The storage period of fruits increases.
Potassium humate peat powder
The solid form of the fertilizer is represented by a brown powder, which, when dissolved in water, saturates it with all the necessary microelements. It’s easy to imagine the nutritional value of the product: 1 kilogram of powder is equivalent in effect to 1 ton of humus.
This type of fertilizer makes the hard work of the summer resident easier and accelerates the ripening of the crop. When using potassium humate, harvesting begins 2 weeks earlier. The working solution should not be prepared for future use; it should be used immediately after preparation.
Peat potassium humate powder is used to detoxify soil after applying pesticides. For an area of 10 square meters, 50 grams of product are used; Before use, it is mixed in equal proportions with dry sand. The mixture is scattered on the ground.
To accelerate the maturation of organic matter, powder is added in a volume of 10 grams per 10 kilograms of compost, humus, and manure. Organic mixtures can be applied to plants 3 months after treatment with potassium humate.
How to use for gardening
The benefits of using potassium humate fertilizer in the vegetable garden have been appreciated by many vegetable growers, gardeners, and flower growers. The neutral pH level of this category of products does not cause acidification of the soil. Humic preparations are indispensable when processing tubers, cuttings, and seeds before planting.
Application to grain crops
Cereal seeds are treated with a solution of potassium humate before sowing. The consumption of liquid concentrate per 1 ton of seed material is 100 grams, it is diluted in 10 liters of water. The drug accelerates the development of the root system of plants, ensuring the appearance of friendly shoots.
- strong immunity;
- drought resistance;
- friendly shoots.
Cereal plantings are sprayed with the solution up to 2 times per season.. The first treatment is carried out during tillering, the second - during heading.
Potassium humate on vegetable crops
The first pre-sowing treatment. Soak planting material in a solution prepared from 1 liter of water and 0.5 grams of the drug. The dose is measured with a medical syringe. Soaking time (hours):
- seeds – 24;
- bulbs – 8;
- tubers – 12 hours.
Vegetating vegetables are processed 2 to 6 times. For root feeding, the concentration is 100 milliliters of product per 10 liters of water. Consumption per unit area depends on the type vegetable crop, it is indicated in the instructions for use.
Seedlings respond well to iodine humate – Humate + 7 iodine (how to properly water the seedlings is indicated on the product packaging). It contains important trace elements and iodine. A concentrated solution is prepared by diluting 10 grams of the product in 10 liters of water.
The resulting liquid (1 liter) is first diluted with 9 liters of water, then watered with vegetables (tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers), using ½ bucket of fertilizer per 1 square meter. During the season, vegetables are fed 3-4 times, the first time when the first flowers appear.
Fruit crops and grapes
Fruit trees, berry bushes feed by leaf - by spraying, or at the root, combining watering with a fertilizer solution and the application of pesticides.
People like this have long become popular. They are easy to use, but at the same time very effective.
Humates - what is it?
Let's take a closer look at humates and determine what they are. Humates are a large group of drugs; they are made from salts of humic acids, which are easily soluble.
Such drugs used in:
- medicine;
- drilling;
- construction;
- land restoration;
- ecology.
Types of humates
Let's look at what humic fertilizers are and what types they come in. Depending on the raw materials (its quality and characteristics) that were used for the production of humates, they are divided into types. There are two main types of humates - sodium and potassium humate.
Considering that sodium and potassium humates are natural fertilizers, they are beneficial influence:
- physical properties of the soil;
- mechanical structure of the soil;
- chemical and hydrological structure of the soil;
- biological characteristics of the soil;
- protective properties of the soil.
- growing environmentally friendly agricultural products;
- reducing the content of biotoxins, radionuclides and heavy metals in products;
- increasing the content of vitamins, proteins and carbohydrates;
- improving the presentation of grown products.
Also the use of humates in and promotes:
- reducing the cost of using fertilizers by up to 50%;
- increase efficiency, and up to 30%;
- improving the quality of the crop and thereby increasing the selling price within production limits.
Sodium humate
Let's take a closer look at what it is. This species is a growth stimulant to increase shoot growth and reduce leaf fall; increase resistance to factors that are stressful for the plant during the growing season: cold, wet and dry years.
This growth stimulator is non-toxic, has no cumulative properties, and has immunostimulating and adaptogenic properties.
Potassium humate
Useful properties of humates when growing garden crops
Benefits humates are:
- Organic raw materials used for the production of humates;
- When using potassium humate, it increases from 20 to 50%;
- It has a complex effect on the entire plant: stimulates photosynthesis, increases the above-ground part of the plant and the root system;
- The growth stimulator is a solution of potassium humate. Fruiting begins 1-2 weeks earlier, which contributes to obtaining several harvests per season;
- Potassium humate helps strengthen the plant's immunity;
- Potassium humate helps to increase the fruiting period and increase yield;
- The uniqueness of the soil microflora contributes to an increase in the rate of germination;
- Sodium humate protects the plant from a number of viral and fungal diseases and helps increase frost resistance;
- Sodium humate after treating plants reduces stress;
- Sodium humate is compatible with most fertilizers, as well as biological and chemicals for plant protection.
Features of the use of humates
During production, humate is enriched with microelements that are easily absorbed by plants.
recommended for use to:- Alkaline soils, which are deficient in iron;
- Sandy soils that have low content humus;
- Acidic podzolic soils with low humus content;
- Saline soils.
- When soaking seeds;
- When seedlings are carried out;
- Upon disembarkation;
- When planting fruit and berry crops;
- When to replant indoor plants;
- During the period;
- During the growing season;
- In preparation for wintering plants.
Did you know?Humates were created by Professor Hristeva Lydia more than 60 years ago. And at the moment they are one of the popular fertilizers due to their environmental friendliness. They are produced all over the world: in Australia, USA, Germany, Italy.
Humates are sold in liquid form, powders and tablets. Liquid humates diluted with water; the powder is mixed with a small amount of water, then adjusted to the required volume by adding liquid; The tablets must first be crushed and then used as a powder.
Pre-sowing treatment
Seed treatment is carried out with humic potassium and sodium fertilizers for better development root system of the plant and rapid seed germination. After treatment, plants become resistant to fungal diseases and poor natural conditions.
To treat seeds, you need to dissolve 1/3 teaspoon of humate in a liter of water. Seeds or bulbs must be soaked in a solution of potassium and sodium humate: seeds for a day, and bulbs for 8 hours.
Seeds are soaked in a solution of sodium humate for up to two days, and cuttings for 15 hours. After this, the seeds or bulbs can be planted in. When using humates in liquid form, you need to dilute 10 ml of concentrate with 10 liters of water, soaking the seeds lasts 10-15 hours, soak for 24 hours. To find out how to dilute potassium and sodium humate to feed plants, you should follow the instructions: you need to dilute 3 g of fertilizer (this is a full teaspoon) in 10 liters of water. The concentration of humate is lower than when soaking seeds because it is applied directly as a spray to plants. This method is not only economical, but also convenient to use.
Fertilizing plants
At the beginning of the growing season, fertilization is carried out with potassium and sodium humates; the method of application is as follows: two or four times, depending on the type of plant being treated. Plants are watered at 0.5 liters per plant, then the dose is increased to a liter.
There is another recipe preparing the solution: you need to take 10 tablespoons of fertilizer and dissolve it in hot (not higher than 60 ° C) water. Leave for a day, stirring occasionally. This concentrate can be stored for a month. Now it will be convenient to use the concentrate by diluting 100 ml per 10 liters of water.
Fertilizer concentrate is also sold. Let's look at how to apply and fertilize with potassium and sodium humate in liquid form. The solution is prepared as follows: 100 ml of concentrate is diluted in 10 liters of water. Use diluted liquids according to the scheme:
- , processed 4 times. The first treatment occurs when the first leaves appear; the second - during the budding period; third - during flowering; the fourth - when fruits appear.
- processed 4 times. The first is when leaves appear; second, third, fourth – processing interval is 15 days.
- processed 3 times. The first treatment is 2 days after planting; the second - at the ovary of the head of cabbage; the third – in 10 days.
- processed 3 times. The first is when it rises; the second - when the leaves appear; the third – in 10 days.
- processed 2 times. The first is when fences form; the second – after 20 days.
- processed 2 times. The first is when leaves appear; the second – after 30 days.
- , are treated with humates with microelements 4 times, the instructions for use are as follows: first treatment - 7 days after flowering; the second - at the very beginning of the fall of the ovary; the third - during the formation of buds; fourth - when active growth of fruits begins.
- processed 3 times. The first is during the budding period; the second - after the flowering phase; the third is the period of berry development.
Tillage
Detoxification is carried out to improve the structure. Humates are used exclusively in powder form.
Humic potassium and sodium fertilizer is scattered on the ground, 50 g of humates are used per 10 square meters.
It is more convenient to use the fertilizer by first combining it with sand. After the manipulation, the fertilized area must be loosened with a rake.
Thus, if fertilizing was applied in the fall, and there was heavy rainfall in winter and spring, then there will most likely be a lack of potassium and nitrogen in the soil.Phosphorus fertilizers are considered inactive; they linger in the soil layer that has been fertilized, and when applied at the surface, they practically remain in place.
Sandy soils are characterized by the fact that they are often deficient in magnesium, while carbonate soils are often deficient in iron. Thus, humic potassium and sodium fertilizers must be applied to the soil in autumn and spring.
Use of humates with manure
To achieve this effect, manure is mixed with humates three months before applying fertilizers. The proportions of use are as follows: for 10 kg of manure, use 10 g of humates.
Potassium humate and sodium humate: what are the differences and which is better
Sodium and potassium humate are salts of humic acids treated with alkali. When plants are treated with potassium humate, they also receive potassium, which is important element nutrition.
Sodium humate, on the contrary, prevents plants from consuming potassium, increasing the content of toxins in the soil. But at the same time, sodium fertilizing also has a beneficial effect on the plant and soil.
Humic sodium fertilizers have the advantage that their production much cheaper potassium, respectively, this fertilizer is popular among the population due to its low cost.
Sodium humate and potassium humate, although considered practically the same thing, have different effects on soil and plants. Sodium humate is a growth stimulant, and potassium humate is a growth stimulant, affecting both the development of the plant and the condition of the soil.
The quality of humic fertilizers, regardless of type, is directly related to the type of raw materials from which the fertilizers are made.
Important!If the fertilizer is made from brown coal, it will contain impurities of heavy metals. Therefore, when choosing fertilizer, pay attention to this.
Therefore, it is necessary to choose fertilizers that have been produced from lowland peat. And everyone selects the type of fertilizer individually, depending on what result they plan to get.
To summarize, it should be noted that humates are highly effective fertilizers that, when correct use contribute to obtaining large, high-quality and environmentally friendly products.
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