Screw pumps are one of the ways to solve the water supply problem, which is suitable for a private home or small farm. These unpretentious devices become the only solution if there is a lot of sand in the well. Equipment of this type works even when the well is heavily sandy or silted; it lifts water with sand, as well as sand with water, without breaking or clogging. Therefore, for weak wells, Abyssinian wells Screw pumps for water are a reliable option that is little dependent on the condition of the source.
Sectional view of one of the types of screw pump
Advantage of screw pumps
The ability to pump water with a large number of inclusions is ensured by the special structure of the internal part of the device.
To understand how a screw well pump works, it is enough to consider a regular kitchen meat grinder, where the main part - a screw or auger - rotates and moves minced meat or other consistency. In the pump, it is placed in a rubber shell and connected to the engine via a cardan shaft. Devices designed for pumping large volumes have hard shells and can withstand significant pressure. 
When the shaft rotates, the screw moves, which follows the developed trajectory - the turns of the auger and the rubberized inner surface form cavities that continually rise towards the supply hose or pipe.
The liquid moves into the chamber, the pressure forces it to continue moving upward, and areas of rarefaction continue to form in the receiving pipe, which ensures a uniform supply of water from the well.
The design eliminates the reverse movement of water, and also allows the mechanism to cope even with viscous inclusions (this expands the scope of use of the device - it is used for pumping various substances with different degrees of viscosity)
If you carefully examine the sample (or, again, the meat grinder), you will see that there is no place for sand or other inclusions to get stuck or linger - they rise along with the flow of liquid.
This design provides an undeniable advantage over equipment for moving water of vortex and centrifugal types, since it is screw pumps for wells that extend the life of the water source and ultimately save a significant amount.
By classification screw pumps refer to self-priming devices with a multi-stage structure. The developed lines of compact models make even weak wells with a minimum diameter viable.
The choice of optimal equipment is influenced by where it will be installed. For installation in a well, samples that are attached to the wall of the well shaft are suitable.
When installing in a well, it is easier - you need a sample with a strong cable. A model designed for standard voltage is suitable for home use.
Types of screw structures
Such devices can be single-screw or multi-screw. For individual use, a single-screw design is usually used; this is enough to provide a home or small household with water.
To ensure that there is no sand in drinking water, a coarse filter with a cell that traps particles with a large diameter is installed on the inlet pipe
In the picture the filter is already put on the pump
If necessary, the resulting water is filtered - subjected to fine purification.
To determine the need additional filtration water analysis is carried out.
Rules for operating a screw pump
In addition to stable performance, independent of water quality, the borehole screw pump allows for self-installation.
An internal structure in which there is literally nothing to break, along with quality materials relieves you of worries about solving the problem for a long time - the screw version works for at least 10 years, without reminding you of itself and without requiring much attention.
- The screw pump for a well is cooled during operation - this is done by the pumped liquid. Thanks to this, the auger moves smoothly and no additional seals are required. The engine is located below the inlet holes, this protects it, natural cooling occurs
- In addition, the design makes the operation of the device almost silent - it is not audible, even if the well is located within the house
- The well will remain operational longer, since there is no vibration that affects the source
- Even in case of breakdowns and malfunctions, it is quite possible to replace parts yourself - the design is so simple that a person without special skills can do it
- A screw submersible pump can operate not only in wells - there are no requirements for the position of the device: it is located horizontally and vertically. This allows you to freely use it when pumping water from rivers, reservoirs, other containers and sources
Disadvantages of screw pumps
Despite their versatility and incredible reliability, screw pumps have disadvantages - a very short list:
- Durable screw borehole pump it is expensive - there are cheap options, but their cheapness is relative. This is due to the technological complexity of its production
There are affordable models, but they are short-lived - for one or two seasons, so if you plan to install for a long time, it is better to consider the products of companies, Russian or foreign, with a price of 200 dollars and corresponding quality - A screw pump for a well is not able to work when idle - it will fail
- The volume of liquid supplied cannot be adjusted
Well installation
Installing a screw pump into a well is standard; there are no special features. This is an elongated cylinder with a cable in the upper part, supplied with a power supply cable; depending on the design of the cables, there may be several. A hose or pipe of appropriate length is connected to the outlet pipe to supply water.
During installation, the depth at which the submersible screw pump will be placed is calculated; after measurements, a mark is placed on the rope or cable.
Some pumps are equipped with float switches, so before installation you should study the instructions, if provided, connect it.
It is important to firmly secure the cable; if the equipment breaks and falls into the well, it will be difficult and expensive to get it out
Indicator correct installation is quiet operation, without noise, vibration, knocking.
Brief overview of screw pump manufacturers
Almost all manufacturers have lines of electric pumps of this type.
- The products of the Ukrainian manufacturer “Aquarius” are popular. Narrow, suitable for wells with a small diameter (at least 10 cm), relatively inexpensive. Tolerates use in aggressive environments
- “Belamos” (Belarusian brand) - stainless steel models, often equipped with additional thermal protection for the engine. You can have a device with any power. There are options suitable for small casing diameters
- Unipump (Chinese manufacturer) is a cheap, reliable option for sources and wells for which low equipment productivity is recommended. Even if a well or well produces water with a large amount of sand and impurities, this does not have any effect on the operation of the pump. This is a well-known company whose goal is to provide consumers with affordable, efficient equipment. Judging by customer reviews, in most cases the manufacturer succeeds
- Grundfos is an expensive brand that supplies high-quality equipment. There are models with a diameter of 75 mm, suitable for low-productivity wells and wells, pumping water up to 55 meters. Other screw pumps are presented that can operate in different wells with different productivity
Conclusion
If the water in the well is of poor quality, with sand and silt, a submersible screw pump will solve the problem. It is capable of lifting water with sand without breaking down, and is also used for cleaning silted and clogged wells.
Buying even not the cheapest screw equipment will cost less than drilling a new well.
Boreholes are increasingly replacing wells as water sources. To extract water from them, you need special submersible pumps, the range of which is wide on the market. To quickly understand the models, namely their characteristics, and then decide which unit to purchase, study our rating.
Well pumps from which company to choose?
On modern market There are many noteworthy manufacturers of well pumps.
1. Wilo is a leading German corporation, pumping units which are sold all over the world. Household electrical appliances high quality produced since the distant 1872.
2. Aquario is a trademark (Italy), the mark of which is on many high-quality electric pumps sold in the CIS countries.
3. GILEKS - a successful manufacturer of water pumping equipment - founded in 1993. Production facilities are located in the town of Klimovsk near Moscow.
4. Pedrollo is a company from Italy that has been producing high-quality electric pumps since 1974. Has proven itself well advanced technologies and qualified personnel.
5. Aquarius is a well-known trademark from the Ukrainian manufacturer Promelektro-Kharkov. Since 1995, the company has been producing competitive products for water transportation.
6. ESPA is a popular Spanish company specializing in innovative pumping technology. Industrial business was opened in 1952.
7. VORTEX is a leading Russian brand, known primarily for high-quality pumping equipment. Products under this name have been produced since 1974 at the plant in Kuibyshev. Now production has moved to China.
Rating of the best well pumps
- Demand for different models, based on popularity, rating and positive reviews.
- Type of submersible unit (screw, vortex, centrifugal) and method of its installation (vertical, horizontal).
- Well type (sand, limestone).
- Purpose of the transported liquid.
- Technical parameters (immersion depth and pressure, flow rate and power, level of protection and noiselessness, weight and size) and their veracity under operating conditions.
- Materials used in the manufacture of the body, components and parts.
- Ease of operation and maintenance, as well as a level of automated monitoring and control.
- Manufacturing company and its status in the market.
- Warranty obligations and quality of customer service.
- Real service life.
- Total cost (pump + installation + potential repairs).
The best electric pumps for wells 10 m deep
Q=2.40 m3/h
DAB IDEA 75M is a quiet vortex pump with thermal protection, operating in a vertical position. There should be up to 40 g of sand per 1m3 of pumped water.
Advantages:
- immersion / flow / head: 10 m / 2.40 m3/h / 39 m;
- power (P) / voltage (U): 550 W / 220 V;
- Outlet hole D: 1";
- network cable: 15 m;
- price: 15.5...20.0 thousand rubles;
- unpretentious in work;
- good combination technical parameters and energy consumption.
Flaw:
- Poorly machined inner edges can stop the brass wheel from turning.
The unit is highly rated in reviews - small technical flaws are not significant, in addition, they are easily corrected.
Q=3.00 m3/h
Elpumps BP 1/4 is a multi-stage centrifugal model with an improved cooling system. Installation – vertical, amount of sand – up to 40 g/m3, body – stainless steel, impeller- made of bronze.
Advantages:
- head / immersion / flow: 55 m / 10 m / 3.00 m3/h;
- P/U: 1300W/220V;
- Outlet D: 1";
- power cord: 20 m;
- price: 18.4…19.2 thousand rubles.
Flaw:
- Over time, the bolts in the filter area become loose.
The vast majority of correspondents agreed: the Hungarian electric pump is well made and will last a long time.
Q=5.10 m3/h
Elpumps BP 10 is a vertically mounted centrifugal apparatus that pumps liquid with an impurity weight of 40 g per cubic meter. Thermal protection and cutting attachment are available.
Advantages:
- flow / pressure / immersion: 5.10 m3/h / 60 m / 10 m;
- P/U: 1400 W / 220 V;
- Ø outlet hole: 1¼";
- network cable: 20 m;
- price: 18.0...2.0 thousand rubles;
- The body is made of stainless steel.
Flaw:
- Over time, the filter becomes clogged.
Most reviews are positive, and the filter is simply pumped with water.
Electric pumps for wells 15 m deep
Q=1.20 m3/h
UNIPUMP ECO VINT1 is a low-speed vertical unit that operates at liquid temperatures up to 35 °C.
Advantages:
- head / immersion / flow: 73 m / 15 m / 1.20 m3/h;
- P/U: 370W/220V;
- Ø outlet: 1 ";
- network cable: 15 m;
- price: 4.9...7.6 thousand rubles.
Flaws:
- gears rust;
- The screw is unreliably designed - it works intermittently.
The reviews are largely positive, but not everyone is satisfied with the quality of the materials used.
Q=2.50 m3/h
Belamos 3SP 90/2.5 is a submersible device protected from overheating with vertical installation. Works with clean water, the amount of sand in 1 m3 of which should not exceed 40 g.
Advantages:
- flow / immersion / head: 2.50 m3/h / 15 m / 90 m;
- P/U: 1400 W / 220 V;
- Outlet hole D: 1";
- network cable: 20 m;
- price: 7.5...12.7 thousand rubles;
- main parts made of stainless steel.
Flaws:
- not yet discovered.
Consumers are satisfied with the equipment - the pressure and performance are satisfactory, no weaknesses have been identified.
Q=4.50 m3/h
Elitech NG 900-60 is a Russian-Chinese centrifugal electric pump, the special feature of which is the control unit. Equipped with an electronic switch and a protective complex against excessive heating. The suction system is 9-stage.
Advantages:
- immersion / capacity / head: 15 m / 4.50 m3/h / 60 m;
- P/U: 900W/220V;
- Outlet pipe D: 1 ";
- power cord: 20 m;
- price: 9.5...12.9 thousand rubles;
- The impeller is made of technopolymer.
Flaw:
- The cord leading to the control unit is attached unreliably and inconveniently to the body. Over time it may break.
Reviews about the model are mostly positive: its technical characteristics and performance indicators were at a good level.
Electric pumps for wells 20 m deep
Q=2.70 m3/h
Aquario ASP 1E-30-90 is a centrifugal submersible technical product located vertically in the well. There should be ≤ 120 g of sand in a cubic meter of water.
Advantages:
- immersion / head / capacity: 20 m / 32 m / 2.70 m3/h;
- P/U: 450 W / 220 V;
- D of the outlet pipe: 1 ";
- network wire: 30m;
- price: 10.1…13.5 thousand rubles;
- silent in operation.
Flaw:
- After a few years of good service, the motor may burn out.
Judging by user reviews, the unit is good, but not eternal - over time, the motor cannot withstand overloads.
Q=5.10 m3/h
UNIPUMP ECO AUTOMAT is a centrifugal vertical unit with thermal protection. The content of mechanical inclusions in water should be up to 0.1 kg per m3.
Advantages:
- head / immersion / capacity: 56 m / 20 m / 5.10 m3/h;
- P/U: 750W/220V;
- Ø outlet pipe: 1 ";
- network cable: 20 m;
- price: 14.3…19.2 thousand rubles;
- check valve and pressure switch are pre-installed into the structure;
- quietly pumps liquid;
- If the assembly is of high quality, it works flawlessly.
Flaws:
- sensitive to power surges;
- automation periodically does not work correctly;
- Sometimes the bearings jam.
There are more pros than cons in the reviews. It should be noted that some of the dissatisfied transported dirty water.
The best electric pumps for wells 25 m deep
Q=4.20 m3/h
ESPA Neptun fl60 65M is a centrifugal vertical device with many additional options: smooth motor start, anti-thermal protection, suction filter. The weight of sand per 1 m3 of water should not exceed 100 g.
Advantages:
- head / capacity / immersion: 92 m / 4.20 m3/h / 25 m;
- P/U: 1500W/220V;
- Ø outlet pipe: 1 ";
- electrical cable: 30 m;
- price: ≈41.8 thousand ₽;
- I can't hear the engine running.
Flaw:
- The cutting bit has become dull.
Based on the reviews, the unit is worthy of buyers’ attention.
Electric pumps for wells 30 m deep
Q=1.92 m3/h
PATRIOT SP 3250S is a vertical submersible pump that creates high pressure and pressure in the network. Passes particles up to 2 mm in size through its filter.
Advantages:
- productivity / immersion / head: 1.92 m3/h / 30 m / 100 m;
- P/U: 500W/220V;
- Outlet fitting D: 1 ";
- electric wire: 18 m;
- price: 5.3...7.3 thousand ₽;
- can pump contaminated liquid.
Flaws:
- a crookedly welded clamp does not allow the threaded connection to be made correctly;
- After connecting to the network, it starts working after a pause.
From the reviews it is clear that the device is solid, but not without some assembly oddities.
Q=3.60 m3/h
Aquarius BTsPE 0.5-32U is a vertical centrifugal-type unit with a smooth motor start and protection of the latter from overheating.
Advantages:
- productivity / pressure / immersion: 3.60 m3/h / 47 m / 30 m;
- P/U: 820W/220V;
- D of the outlet fitting: 1 ";
- electrical cord: long;
- price: 8.2…13.0 thousand ₽;
- remote start capacitor;
- reliable - even without a voltage stabilizer that can be delivered.
Flaw:
- operational characteristics depend on the “behavior” of voltage;
Conclusion based on reviews: household appliances fully meets consumer expectations - works without failures.
Q=6.60 m3/h
GILEKS Vodomet PROF 110/110 is a vertically mounted submersible pump, the filter of which retains particles larger than 1.5 mm. There is protection against “zero load”.
Advantages:
- immersion / flow / head: 30 m / 6.60 m3/h / 110 m;
- P/U: 2200 W / 220 V;
- Ø outlet fitting: 1¼";
- Electric cable: 70 m;
- price: 18.6...45.0 thousand rubles;
- Frequencies are regulated, energy is saved.
Flaws:
- a little expensive;
- not always on sale.
The reviews are wonderful: it is unpretentious in operation, the stated indicators coincide with the real ones, it works 100%.
The best electric pumps for wells 35 m deep
Q=2.40 m3/h
VORTEX CH-100V is a vertical vortex apparatus with a diameter of 10.2 cm. Contaminants in the water should not be more than 40 g per cubic meter.
Advantages:
- immersion / flow / head: 35 m / 2.40 m3/h / 100 m;
- P/U: 110W/220V;
- Ø outlet fitting: 1 ";
- electrical cable: 20 m;
- price: 7.1...7.6 thousand rubles.
Flaws:
- after six months of service, the bolts rot;
- interruptions in the “on-off” mode;
- The customer service is bad.
As some correspondents write: “at first it pumps well, but then differently.” Others praise.
Q=5.10 m3/h
Oasis SN 85/70 is a quiet operating model with a durable valve-piston system. Installed vertically in wells, internal diameter which does not exceed 9 cm. 100 g per cubic meter is the maximum sand content in the transported liquid.
Advantages:
- immersion / pressure / flow: 70 m / 35 m / 5.10 m3/h;
- P/U: 750W/220V;
- Discharge pipe D: 1½";
- electrical cable: 30 m;
- price: 9.5...10.5 thousand rubles.
Flaws:
- Not found.
A well-made Chinese model has not received a single negative feedback, including on a specialized forum.
Electric pumps for wells 40 m deep
Q=3.60 m3/h
PRORAB 8776 BP/65 – vertical household pump, intended for the installation of a water supply system in country house. Equipped with a silent electric motor, thermal sensor, built-in capacitor. Pumps water with a significant amount of impurities: 0.2 kg/m3.
Advantages:
- flow / immersion / head: 3.60 m3/h / 40 m / 106 m;
- P/U: 110W/220V;
- Discharge pipe D: 1¼";
- power cord: 65 m;
- price: 16.0...20.2 thousand rubles;
- stainless steel body.
Flaw:
- high pressure can damage mixers.
The reviews lack both laudatory odes and serious complaints about the Russian product assembled in China. To buy or not to buy is up to consumers to decide.
Q=6.00 m3/h
Pedrollo 4BLOCKm 4/14 is a monoblock vertical unit with thermal protection and a smooth-starting motor. A check valve is installed in the discharge part of the housing. The weight of sand in water is limited to 0.15 kg/m3.
Advantages:
- flow / pressure / immersion: 6.00 m3/h / 92 m / 40 m;
- P/U: 1100W/220V;
- Discharge fitting D: 1¼";
- electric cable: 20 m;
- price: 32.4...49.4 thousand rubles;
- widely used as a component automatic stations water rise
Flaw:
- it is relatively expensive.
Reviews note that the model is packed with all the devices and systems necessary for high-quality work. And this played a positive role in her popularity.
Electric pumps for wells 45 m deep
Q=8.40 m3/h
ESPA Neptun fl120 60M is a centrifugal monoblock pump with a soft-start motor, suction filter and protective device from overheating. The device is contraindicated for pumping water with excessive amounts of sand - the limit is 100 g/m3.
Advantages:
- head / flow / immersion: 63 m / 8.40 m3/h / 45 m;
- P/U: 1900 W / 220 V;
- D discharge fitting: 1 ";
- cable: 30 m;
- price: ≈43.6 thousand ₽;
- Quiet running, long service life.
Flaw:
- high price.
Reviewers have a high opinion of this high-performance model - no breakdowns have occurred at the time of writing reviews.
The best electric pumps for wells 50 m deep
Q=3.60 m3/h
VORTEX CH-50N is a unit with a bottom water intake, the body of which is made of stainless steel. To protect the engine from overheating, a thermal relay is provided.
Advantages:
- head / immersion / flow: 50 m / 50 m / 3.60 m3/h;
- P/U: 600W/220V;
- Ø discharge pipe: 1 ";
- wire: 20 m;
- price: 9.8...11.3 thousand rubles.
Flaw:
- After several years of operation, the motor fails, the impeller key is deformed, parts become loose, and oil leaks.
From the reviews, the obvious conclusion is that water-lifting equipment works well, but not for long. Although, it should be emphasized, the comments were quite contradictory.
Electric pumps for wells 55 m deep
Q=22.50 m3/h
Pedrollo 4SR 15/10-F is a powerful downhole unit that can be installed both vertically and horizontally. The motor and pump are connected via a caliper. 150 g of sand per 1 m3 of water is allowed.
Advantages:
- depth / capacity / head: 55 m / 22.50 m3/h / 60 m;
- P/U: 3000W/380V;
- Ø discharge pipe: 2 ";
- cord: 1.5 m;
- price: ≈73.1 thousand ₽;
- special hydraulic design;
- components and parts are made of durable stainless materials.
Flaws:
- weak pressure, lack of pressure;
- There is not enough flow rate to irrigate a large area.
Users generally speak positively about the technical device, while criticizing the quality of the drilling robot.
Electric pumps for wells 60 m deep
Q=4.20 m3/h
ESPA Neptun fl60 45M – vertical multistage pump with centrifugal design. 0.1 kg of sand does not hinder the operation of mechanisms, which are also abrasively resistant.
Advantages:
- depth / pressure / flow: 60 m / 61 m / 4.20 m3/h;
- P/U: 1200W/220V;
- Ø discharge fitting: 1 ";
- cable: 30 m;
- price: ≈36.3 thousand ₽;
- internal motor cooling, completely sealed;
- noiselessness, efficiency, durability.
Flaw:
- Pressure surges may occur when using different plumbing fixtures. After the relay is triggered, the situation changes, but does not improve.
ESPA technology is considered by users to be one of the best, and deservedly so. Regarding the above misunderstanding: it is necessary to carry out diagnostics - it is likely that this is a minor automatic nuisance that can be easily eliminated.
The best electric pumps for wells 70 m deep
Q=2.00 m3/h
DAB MICRA HS 302 – 6 – vertically directed multi-stage pump with frequency control and built-in dry-running protection. Regulated weight of sand in 1 cube of water: up to 30 g.
Advantages:
- head / depth / capacity: 60 m / 70 m / 2.00 m3/h;
- P/U: 1600W/220V;
- Ø discharge fitting: 1 ";
- network cable: 1.4 m;
- price: 46.6...53.9 thousand rubles;
- in the manufacture of various units the following are used: stainless steel, bronze and technopolymers.
Flaws:
- with permissible installation in a horizontal position, failures in engine cooling are possible;
- technically difficult to maintain;
- expensive.
The device in question rarely fails, is durable, and pays for itself by producing clean artesian water in the limestone layer.
Q=5.52 m3/h
Sturm! WP9711DW is a twin-shaped vertical vortex electric pump that passes sand fractions up to 2 mm in size. Ratio of impurities and water: 1/400.
Advantages:
- pressure / flow / depth: 108 m / 5.52 m3/h / 70 m;
- P/U: 1100W/220V;
- Discharge pipe D: 1¼";
- network wire: 65 m;
- price: ≈22.3 thousand ₽;
- Easy to use, durable housing.
Flaws:
- Not found.
From the reviews we can conclude that no serious problems arise when pumping artesian waters.
Electric pumps for wells 80 m deep
Q=2.70 m3/h
Belamos TF3-60 is a vertically installed pump protected from overheating, which is capable of pumping water from maximum number sand: 180 g/m3.
Advantages:
- depth / pressure / productivity: 80 m / 60 m / 2.70 m3/h;
- P/U: 800W/220V;
- D pressure connection: 1¼";
- mains cord: 35 m;
- price: 10.4…16.4 thousand rubles;
- manufacturing materials: stainless steel, brass, polycarbonate.
Flaw:
- may depressurize with consequences.
Reviews are mostly positive. It's worth a lot to recommend this model to a professional driller.
Q=4.80 m3/h
Aquatech SP 3.5” 4-65 is a vertical unit made of stainless steel on the outside. It has a starting capacitor, a check valve, and a protective thermal relay.
Advantages:
- productivity / depth / pressure: 4.80 m3/h / 80 m / 65 m;
- P/U: 950W/220V;
- Ø pressure pipe: 1¼ ";
- network cable: 40 m;
- price: 9.3...13.4 thousand rubles;
- high-quality assembly.
Flaws:
- insufficient pressure.
Consumers claim that the pump is of good quality.
The best electric pumps for wells 150 m deep
Q=6.50 m3/h
Wilo TWU 3-0501-HS-E-CP – vertically or horizontally installed multi-stage unit with frequency converter and thermal protection. The water must be as clean as possible - only 50 g of impurities are allowed per 1 m3.
Advantages:
- head / depth / flow: 26 m / 150 m / 6.50 m3/h;
- P/U: 600W/220V;
- Ø pressure fitting: 1 ";
- network electrical cable: 1.75 m;
- price: 66.2...95.6 thousand rubles;
- multifaceted protection; soft start; it is possible to rewind the motor stator;
- built-in valve; parts in contact with liquid are corrosion-resistant;
- many additional options.
Flaws:
- low pressure;
- installation costs not much less than the electric pump itself.
According to reviews: many pros and minimal cons - elite quality pump, which pumps premium water.
Which borehole pumps to buy
1. If you need to water crops over large areas, 4SR 15/10-F from Pedrollo is suitable.
2. For small family If you live in a house with several water points, ECO VINT1 from UNIPUMP or MICRA HS 302 - 6 from DAB will do.
3. For an average family living in a house with a full set of plumbing and household appliances, the best option would be TF3-60 from Belamos or BTsPE 0.5-32U from Aquarius.
4. Owners of houses with a swimming pool and a fountain can purchase the PROF 110/110 Water Jet from GILEX or 4BLOCKm 4/14 from Pedrollo.
5. For residents of several cottages with one well, Neptun fl120 60M from ESPA is suitable.
6. Consumers who are satisfied with the quality of fluid from a sand well can install BP 1/4 from Elpumps.
When purchasing, you also need to take into account that for an expensive downhole unit there will always be a cheaper alternative, but not inferior in quality.
vyboroved.ru
Negative consequences of well contamination during operation
In the overwhelming majority, not only after drilling, but also during operation or after long downtime, most often well pumping is necessary for sandy species. The bottom of their aquifer usually consists of sand, clay or pebbles; siltation leads to the following negative consequences:
The depth of the water intake source decreases
This may have negative consequences for submersible electric pumps located at a short distance from the bottom, the filters and components of the water supply working mechanism will begin to become clogged with dirt, which will lead to accelerated failure of the pumping equipment.
Water quality is deteriorating
In addition to the fact that the silted bottom approaches the units that absorb water, the rising water, passing through the silted layer, carries with it small particles of dirt, which contribute to cloudiness of the liquid. The water becomes unsuitable for drinking and domestic use, and cleaning it with filters becomes too expensive.
Flow rate is falling
The water pressure is hampered by a layer of dirt formed during the siltation process, which resists its passage. There may simply not be enough water for household needs if the pump pumps out all the water from the well.
Water level drops
A drop in static and dynamic levels is a consequence of a change in flow rate and can lead to dry running of operating electric pumps.
These negative consequences do not appear immediately and serve as signs indicating the need to pump the well source.
Requirements for electric pumps for bleeding
Not every electric pump pumps out contaminated water, for example, the answer to the question - “is it possible to clean a well with vortex types?” will be negative. Vortex models, due to their design features (small gaps between the impeller of the vortex wheel and the walls of the working chamber), are absolutely not designed for working with contaminated water. When choosing suitable pumping equipment, you must be guided by the following criteria:
Well compliance
The pump for pumping the well must be suitable for its parameters, primarily this is due to its pressure and immersion depth.
Compliance with water quality
The contaminated bottom of well sources can consist of various fractions: sand, clay or pebbles. The type of pumping device must be suitable for the structure of the contaminants, otherwise its operation in an unsuitable environment will be ineffective and lead to failure.
Low cost
It is irrational to spend large amounts of money at home to purchase an expensive electric pump - when working in a polluted environment, the mechanism of any device wears out faster, and replacing parts in expensive equipment, in addition to its high cost, will lead to even greater expenses.
This statement does not apply to organizations involved in pumping wells professional level. For example, expensive high-quality Gundfos submersible electric pumps, due to their high reliability after many years of operation, are more profitable to pump wells than domestic models.
High performance
This parameter affects the time of pumping out contaminated water, which in some cases can take more than a day, and the efficiency of cleaning. More powerful models suck up liquid from greater depths, accordingly picking up more contaminants than low-power devices.
Main types of electric pumps for well cleaning
Due to their design features, several types can work effectively with contaminated water. electric pumps, most often used in everyday life.
Vibrating
Using vibration types for pumping dirty water has the following advantages and disadvantages:
Low cost. All vibration models belong to products in the budget price category; the minimum cost of an Aquarius pump is about 20 USD.
Simplicity of design. Allows without special effort and special equipment to independently repair or replace worn parts.
Working with dirty water. Vibrating electric pumps are best suited for pumping out clay contaminants; sand and small pebbles quickly wear out their rubber parts.
Operating principle. The use of vibration pumps has a negative impact on casing pipes, causing their deformation, and can also lead to complete siltation of the well source due to compaction of the sedimentary layer during vibration.
Low productivity and continuous operation time. These are the main disadvantages of vibration pumps, which preclude their use for constant water supply.
Screw (screw) submersible electric pumps
Screw electric pumps have the following distinctive features:
High cost. The cheapest Unipump ECO VINT1 models cost 4 times more than vibration models - about 80 USD.
Working with contaminated liquids. The devices work well with very viscous clay contaminants; sand and small stones wear out the screw.
Simplicity of design. Single-screw household screw pumps have a simple device that allows you to carry out independent cleaning, repair and replacement of parts without special skills.
Centrifugal pumps
Centrifugal types are the most common; both surface and submersible types are used to collect pumped water from wells, which have the following features:
High cost. Centrifugal electric pumps are quite expensive; the price of the cheapest Vikhr models is 70 USD.
Operating environment type. Special submersible centrifugal electric pumps are designed to work with small solid particles - this allows them to pump out water and sand.
Performance. Centrifugal electric pumps have high efficiency and pumping volume, and can lift water to the highest height of all types.
For efficient pumping of wells, centrifugal electric pumps are most often used, designed to work with large size particles. Vibrating types are best used as auxiliary equipment for supplying water under pressure to the bottom of the well, causing mud to rise and mix.
oburenie.ru
How does a sand well work?
Sand wells are the most common sources because they are located in the first layer. This design requires careful pump selection. The resulting water will initially be heavily contaminated with sand, so not every unit will be able to pump it effectively. This will create additional load on the pump, so a sand source requires the use of special powerful equipment.
The aquifer is represented by sand deposits. The porosity of the material is large, therefore the mobility of each grain of sand is also great. Sandy water flow creates additional stress on the pump. The device cannot pump dirty water for a long time, so it quickly burns out. It cannot be repaired. What to do in such a situation? The reason for the rapid failure of equipment is a low-quality pump.
Experts in the field of water supply have developed a methodology additional protection water and equipment from sand. When arranging a hydraulic structure, a natural filter made of fine crushed stone or pebbles is used. This is a good way to slow down any erosion or movement of sand throughout the well. For greater efficiency A mesh filter is mounted at the end of the casing pipe.
Description of the unit
The sand pump is a single-stage and centrifugal equipment. Main task This design is used for pumping abrasive hydraulic mixtures and water with various impurities. But for effective pumping, the liquid must have certain properties.
The pumped solution must have:
- a certain temperature (+5...60°C);
- density up to 1300 kg/m³;
- content of solid inclusions (up to 25%);
- maximum microhardness up to 9,000 MPa.
If you decide to make your own water source for yourself and have drilled a well, and the first layer of water has been drilled, then you need to carefully consider the choice of pump. Not every unit can pump water that is contaminated with sand. It happens that tiny particles of sand get into the pump, and this leads to its malfunction. Washing the equipment, which is done in such cases, will not help.
What type of pump is best for such a source and the correct choice of pump
To understand which pump will function best for such a source, you need to know the characteristics and properties. In such a situation, sand deposits are an aquifer. Due to the fact that sand has high porosity, the sand grains move actively. It turns out that when water moves in the formation, enters the well and a deep pump operates, the sand rises and falls into the water that has already been pumped. Because of this, dirty water may be supplied by the water supply system.
This process negatively affects the pump motor, pumping dirty water, puts heavy loads on it, which it cannot withstand for a long time, and subsequently burns out. After this, it cannot be repaired. If you have any doubts about which pump is better to choose, then seek help from a specialist who can give practical advice and advise in this choice. You can buy a pump for a well in the online store: "World of Pumps" by clicking on the link nasos-od.com.ua
Note! It is worth knowing that to provide additional protection for the water and the pump itself from contamination, specialists who drill wells and equip them make a natural filter from small crushed stone and pebbles. This stops the movement of sand in the well itself. A mesh filter is also attached to the end of the casing pipe.
Vibrating pump
It is not recommended to immerse such a pump in wells on sand. This device is not intended to process dirty water. During operation, the pump performs oscillatory movements, and this only activates the movement of grains of sand. Having installed such a pump, the well may become clogged with sand, and then you will have to turn to the help of specialists to flush it.
Surface pump
Designed for shallow wells, no more than nine meters, not intended for processing dirty water. Even the slightest grain of sand can cause it to break. Surface pumps are often used for summer cottages, wells or boreholes with insignificant depth.
Centrifugal pump
This type of pump is perfect solution for a well on sand. It is not afraid of sand or clay; it copes with such contaminants easily, which does not harm its operation, and therefore its service life will be long.
Water enters the outlet due to the rotation of the blades. The centrifugal force that appears inside the unit supplies water from the well to the pipe. Such a device pumps contaminated water. From user reviews, we can say that up to 1.5 kilograms of contaminants are pumped per cubic meter of water. In any case, you need to install well filtration; you shouldn’t take risks, since such equipment costs a lot of money.
Screw pump
This type is not afraid of strong pollution from sand and clay; it can pump up to two kilograms of sand per cubic meter of water. They are used both for shallow wells and for deep wells, this can be up to 300 meters. This does not affect the performance of this device.
In individual housing construction, when constructing a water supply system, surface pumps are used for a water well and for a well. When a water supply system is built on the basis of a well, pumping stations equipped with a relay unit and a membrane tank allow you to build a system with quick-release equipment. Such equipment can be used seasonally, or you can even put it under lock and key every time you leave the dacha, or take it with you.
In the case of using a well, you can also construct a similar usage scheme. However, it has a number of features that should be taken into account when using surface stations as pumping equipment.
Due to its design features, the well receives water from sandy aquifer comes gradually. The main volume of water in the well ranges from 4 to 20 tons. This amount of water allows solid impurities to settle to the bottom. In the subsurface layer, well water is obtained relatively free of solids.
In the well the situation is somewhat different. During intensive pumping, water enters the well cavity from the aquifer with high pressure. The volume of the cavern is small, so sand brought by water has virtually nowhere to settle. The sand is sucked up by pumping equipment.
In which wells can a surface pump be used?
One more thing. In deep wells it is not possible to use a surface pumping station. For these purposes, a submersible well pump is more suitable. The surface station can be used in shallow wells, comparable in depth to ordinary wells - 8-12 meters. We must not forget that, just like from a well, it is necessary not only to raise water from a well, but also to supply it to the house, sometimes to the second and third floors.
We examined the difference between a shallow well and an ordinary well in the previous paragraph. It turns out that at the same depth in the same area, the well will not “produce” water with sand, but the well will. You will have to select a pumping station for the well that is guaranteed to work in such conditions.
Now let's move on to the question of which pump is better for a well with sand under the specified conditions. It is worth choosing an option that has the following characteristics:
- Increased power, allowing you to plan a reserve of 20-30 percent for operation in adverse conditions.
- Increased throughput and, as a result, increased cross-sections of all through holes and pipelines.
- Basic equipment of a dry running relay in case of sand filter clogging.
- Sand filter complete with built-in separator.
- Possibility of easy replacement of the filter on the supply line.
Not every pumping station suitable for working with a tube well whose trunk is saturated with sand. However, you can use almost any station by equipping its supply pipeline with a sand filter and cutting additional filter with flushing between the electric motor and the membrane tank.
Why can’t a washable filter be used in front of the station’s electric motor? Because in this case, a clogged filter will reduce the pressure and eventually the engine will burn out.
Why is it necessary to place a washable filter in front of the membrane tank? Because if you install a filter after the tank, after 1-2 months of operation you will have a non-working membrane tank completely clogged with sand.
The good thing about a washable filter is that it can be cleaned by draining the pulp (sand and water) through a drain hole with a tap. Currently produced filters with a transparent body allow you to visually monitor the condition of the filter and the amount of sand deposited in it.
If you select a mesh that is too fine, the pump motor will not be able to create the required pressure in the water supply system behind the filter.
Of course, the cost of a washable filter is an order of magnitude higher than that of replacement filter elements. But you don’t need to change it, just wash it.
The cost of the simplest washable filter starts from 1,500 rubles.
What surface pumps can be used
So, surface pumps for a sand water well should be increased power, must have sufficient motor life and must be equipped with a sand filter. Surface pumps for water wells with sand can also be additionally equipped with washable filters that will protect the station itself and plumbing system houses where water is supplied to water collection points.
To get advice on surface pumps for use in shallow wells, .
Submersible pumps in sand wells
A few words about submersible pumps that can be used in deep wells. Which pump is best for a sand well? One that is able to “digest” water with sand and supply it upward to the water pumping unit. Already here, at the top, it is possible to organize filtration and removal of sand from the water coming from the submersible pump.
There are domestic and imported pumps on sale that are designed to work in such conditions. Several types of Aquarius pumps, and the well-known Brook, are capable of delivering water and sand to the surface without harm.
Why shouldn’t you install a sand filter in front of a submersible pump in a well? Because if it becomes clogged, you will have to lift the filter, the pump, and 8-10 meters of the supply pipeline to the surface.
In the case when the filter element is on the surface, it will be enough to simply wash it.
Pumping a well with a pump
Another case when you need a pump that can “digest” water and sand is pumping any well after drilling. At this moment, the final formation of the well cavity occurs, and for further successful use it needs pumping.
How to select sand from a well at this stage? Best option– pump out. You can use a surface station if the well is shallow, or a submersible pump. If the well has a depth of 15-20 meters.
High-pressure mud (or drainage) pumps must be present in the arsenal of any country home owner or summer resident using the system autonomous water supply and sewerage. Such pumps, which belong to the category of drainage, are indispensable in cases where there is a need to clean a silted well, pump out water and sludge from an overflowing septic tank or drainage pit, remove accumulated water from personal plot, from the basement or cellar of the house.
Unlike conventional devices for pumping liquid media, a mud pump is specifically designed to work with liquids that contain too much sand, silt and other insoluble impurities. To manufacture high-pressure mud pumps that can withstand increased loads, especially durable and wear-resistant materials are used.
Operating principle and scope of application
By its design, the mud pump is a single unit consisting of a motor and a working mechanism placed in a common housing. Between the engine and the operating mechanism mud pump high pressure there is an oil chamber and a block of sealing elements. A conventional submersible pump has a multi-channel design, while mud pumps have only one channel through which the contaminated liquid is pumped.
Household models of submersible mud pumps, as a rule, have a power of 1.5–1.75 kW; they can be used to pump out contaminated liquid from wells whose depth reaches 60 meters. The density of the liquid pumped by such high-pressure pumps should be 1.1–1.2 kgf/cm 3, and the amount of impurities in it should reach 10%. The size of insoluble inclusions contained in the liquid pumped by domestic models of high-pressure mud pumps can reach up to 5–10 mm, and imported ones – up to 50 mm. During operation, the mud pump must be cooled by the surrounding fluid. A special filter is installed on the suction pipe of a high-pressure mud pump, which limits the particle size of insoluble impurities contained in the pumped liquid.
Depending on design Submersible mud pumps can be rotary or vibration. The main working element of rotary pumps is an impeller with blades, rotating on a rotor shaft inside the device housing. In vibration pumps, the role of such an element is played by a steel membrane that vibrates under the influence of alternating current and thereby creates a vacuum of air in the working chamber. Vibration pumps, although they are characterized by lower power when compared with rotary devices, are characterized by higher reliability and a longer service life, since there are no rubbing parts in their design.
Among high-pressure mud pumps, semi-submersible devices should be distinguished, designed for pumping a medium whose density is 1.3–1.5 kgf/cm3. Such mud pumps, the working part of which can be made of corundated steel, ebonite or rubber, can operate at a temperature not exceeding 60°.
For pumping media with a higher density, as well as media that contain inclusions with a fibrous structure (tissue, algae, etc.), another type of mud pumping device is specially designed - fecal. The design of such pumps, the inlet and outlet pipes of which have expanded diameters, contains a special impeller that cuts fibrous inclusions into smaller fractions.
The most common applications for high pressure mud pumps are:
- pumping out used dirty water during construction work and maintenance production processes(pumping out sludge water, etc.);
- downgrade groundwater after heavy rainfall, floods or flood situations;
- pumping out water and sludge from basements, cellars, gutters and swimming pools;
- cleaning wells, replacing contaminated water in artificial reservoirs;
- organization of watering of green spaces growing in personal plots.
Advantages and Disadvantages
The mud pump, the design of which is specially designed for pumping liquid media containing a significant amount of insoluble inclusions, is distinguished by a whole list of advantages:
- high mobility (this makes it easy to carry and use the drainage pump in those places where it is needed at the moment);
- high power, allowing the use of a mud pump for pumping out liquid media from great depths;
- anti-corrosion properties of the body;
- a special design, which is designed in such a way that even in the cold season the parts that make up the submersible pump do not freeze;
- low noise during operation.
Of course, like anyone technical device, the high-pressure mud pump also has disadvantages.
- The body of such a device is non-separable, so it is almost impossible to repair a submersible pump if it fails; it can only be replaced with a new one.
- Since during operation the submersible pump is constantly in a liquid medium, it electrical safety The requirements are quite serious.
In addition to submersible mud pumps, modern manufacturers offer models of surface-type pumping equipment that are installed on the surface of the earth, and only a hose or pipe connected to the suction pipe of the device is immersed in the pumped liquid medium. If we talk about the advantages of a self-priming surface type mud pump, they include:
- quite low cost when comparing such a pump with submersible models;
- ease of installation and maintenance;
- high electrical safety.
Meanwhile, surface-type mud pumping devices can be used only in cases where water containing dirt and other insoluble inclusions needs to be pumped out from a shallow depth - no more than 8-10 meters. Another significant disadvantage of high-pressure surface mud pumps is that such devices produce quite a lot of noise during their operation.
When choosing a pump for cleaning a well or for solving any other problems related to pumping contaminated liquid media, you should take into account not only the depth of the source from which such a medium will be pumped, but also the distance over which it will be transported in the horizontal direction, as well as the degree of its contamination and the size of inclusions contained in its composition.
Labeling rules
When designating the model of pumping equipment, which is produced today by many domestic and foreign companies, manufacturers do not adhere to uniform rules and regulatory requirements, but a certain pattern in this matter can be traced. Thus, the markings of many models of such equipment contain both alphabetic and digital symbols. The letter part of the mud pump marking usually contains the following information about the equipment:
- pump type;
- speed factor.
The digital part of the marking indicates the diameter of the inlet pipe in mm.
The marking of slurry pumps classified as fecal pumps contains the following information:
- SM – mass waste device;
- XX – diameter of the suction pipe;
- XX – diameter of the discharge pipe.
On many models of high-pressure drainage pumps you can find markings of this type - XXX/X FN, which stands for as follows:
- ХХХ – volume of supply in liters that the pump can provide per unit of time (min);
- X – liquid pressure, measured in meters;
- F – pump type (fecal);
- N – case material (stainless steel).
The marking of pumping equipment may contain other information (in particular, about the presence of automation).
Using a sump pump to clean a well
Cleaning a well with a drainage pump is a fairly common procedure, the regular implementation of which always allows you to obtain well water that is not contaminated with sand, silt and other foreign matter. Some owners of dachas and country houses, in whose gardens there is a spring, do it the old fashioned way and clean it manually, using a brush and a bucket on a rope for this purpose. Meanwhile, without using a cleaning pump in combination with this method, it will be quite difficult to solve the problem. In practice, to effectively purify well water, they try to use both methods: first, using mechanical means, clean the walls of the shaft, and then use a high-pressure mud pump to clean the water-bearing lens.
To understand why well cleaning requires such a comprehensive approach, it is necessary to understand what can cause water contamination in a natural water supply. Thus, the most common factors influencing the contamination of well water are:
- the quality of the soil in which the source is located;
- operating conditions of the hydraulic structure, reliability of protecting its water layer from exposure to sunlight, which causes the development of flora (blue-green algae) and fauna (bacteria and microorganisms);
- quality of arrangement clay castle and its tightness;
- reliability of protecting the water layer from the ingress of sewage and untreated water from nearby reservoirs.
The following signs indicate that the well urgently needs high-quality cleaning.
