What is the water pressure in the sprinkler system. We analyze in detail sprinkler and deluge fire extinguishing. Types of installed equipment

1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

The water alarm valve model AV-1 (F200) (20.7 bar - 300 psi) is a prefabricated structure consisting of a connecting ring, a damper with a rubber sheath and a water alarm valve body, intended for use in fire extinguishing sprinkler systems with water filling of the automatic sprinkler pipeline irrigators. This valve is designed for automatic switching on electrical and/or hydraulic fire extinguishing devices in the presence of a steady flow of water into the system, equivalent in volume to the flow of water consumed by one or more sprinklers.
Flange connections of valves supplied to Russia comply with the DIN standard (PN 10/16), which is used throughout the country. The manufacturer also produces flange connections for ANSI, AS, ISO (International Standard) and JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) standards.
Typical scheme installation shows the main components of the valve installed vertically, with a closed drain line, including trim and retarding chamber model RC-1 (F211). The figure also shows a pressure alarm, which is installed after the retarding chamber. The trim includes a 50mm x 15mm main drain valve, used in Eastern European countries where a 15mm test valve is required to be connected to the system in parallel with the main water alarm valve (Fig. H1 - vertical installation for DN 100-150, - vertical installation for DN 200 PN16, - horizontal installation for DN 100-150, - horizontal installation for DN 200 PN16, - vertical installation for DN 65). The steel nipples and fittings used in this trim, designed specifically for vertical valve installation, are supplied galvanized to standard.
The AV-1 (F200) valve trim also includes a bypass check valve, which reduces the risk of false alarms by allowing slow and small changes in supply water pressure to pass freely into the system and be maintained at their highest values ​​without opening the damper.
The Model RC-1 (F211) retarding chamber is required in installations that are subject to pressure changes such as those found in plumbing system to prevent false alarms. A retard chamber is not required in installations with relatively constant pressure water.

2. CERTIFICATION

Model AV-1 (F200) valves are certified by Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL), Underwriters Laboratories Inc. Of Canada, Factory Mutual Research Corporation (FM), as well as at the All-Russian Research Institute of Fire Defense of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
Certificate fire safety: No. SSPB.CN.OP014.V.01158 (valid from 02/28/2008 - 02/27/2011).
Certificate of conformity: No. ROSS CN.SZ13.V70311 (validity period 04/04/2008 - 04/03/2011).

3. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

The water alarm valve model AV-1 (F200) for 65, 100, 150 and 200 mm, as well as the piping to it, are designed for use at a minimum operating pressure of 1.4 bar and a maximum operating pressure of 20.7 bar. It is only used in automatic fire extinguishing installations with a water-filled pipeline, therefore the minimum temperature at which it can be used should not be lower than 4°C. The serial number and year of manufacture are stamped on the hatch cover. The valve components are shown in Fig. IN.
The valve body is made of cast iron. The outer surface is covered with red paint. The manhole cover gasket is made of 1.6 mm thick polychloroprene rubber, the hex head bolts for the manhole cover are made of steel according to ASTM A307 standard.
The mating ring, made of ASTM B62 bronze and pressed into the body, has a centrally located groove in communication with the valve chamber located above the mating ring, which communicates with the water signal line (see hole E). The mating ring groove is sealed inside and out when the valve is closed. If the damper opens, water immediately begins to flow to the hydraulic call and/or pressure switch. The damper assembly consists of a damper made of cast iron, a damper shell made of EPDM rubber, a damper washer made of of stainless steel and a self-locking 18-8 hex bolt. The hinge bolt is also made of stainless steel and the torsion spring is made of stainless steel wire. The pivot bolt is held in two hardened bronze bushings that are pressed into the valve body on either side of the valve. A similar pair of bushings is pressed into the damper arms to reduce rotational friction.
The retarding chamber of the RC-1 (F211) model is made of cast iron and painted red on the outside. On top of the chamber there is a connection socket for a ¾" x ½" x ¾" tee for connecting electrical and/or hydraulic alarms.
The restrictor assembly, which is located below the retardation chamber (in variable pressure systems), is supplied fully assembled at the factory. It consists of an input limiter and drain restrictor, mounted on a tee. The diameters of the openings of the limiters and the volume of the retarding chamber are selected in such a combination as to provide the optimal time before an alarm is issued after opening the damper in accordance with all the requirements of fire authorities. In addition to controlling the filling time of the retarding chamber, the input limiter reduces the residual pressure at the hydraulic siren inlet and reduces wear on the siren bell. For the same purpose, the inlet limiter is also left in systems with constant pressure. An overflow pipe installed externally, bypassing the damper, allows minor increases in water pressure to freely pass into the system and be maintained at their highest values ​​without opening the damper. The flow resistance of the bypass check valve piping and the pressure difference to open the valve determine the minimum fluid flow required to trigger the pressure alarm (i.e., the bypass flow required to open the valve).
The combination of these parameters is selected so that the damper opens when the sprinkler system receives a flow equivalent to the volume of liquid used by one or more sprinklers. When the damper opens, the dynamic effect of water flowing through the mating ring holds the damper open at less flow than required to initially open the damper. This additional sensitivity helps maintain a steady flow of water to the sprinkler system and a constant alarm during alarm system testing or when the sprinkler is operating.
Nominal pressure loss values ​​in bar depending on water flow in liters per minute for water alarm valves model AV-1 (F200). Approximate friction losses, based on the Hazen-Williams formula and expressed in equivalent pipe length 40 at C = 120, are about 6.7 meters.

4. VALVE TRIM OPTIONS

The main layout option for the water alarm valve AV-1 (F200) (vertical installation for DN 100-150), (vertical installation for DN 200 PN16), (horizontal installation for DN 100-150), (horizontal installation for DN 200 PN16), ( vertical installation for DN 65). Nipples used in various options fittings are made of steel, and their threads are made in accordance with the requirements of the ANSI B1.20.1 standard. Fittings are manufactured from either ANSI B16.3 ductile iron or ANSI B16.4 cast iron.
The alarm control valve is a ¼ turn ball valve. It is manufactured from corrosion-resistant copper alloys with glass-containing polytetrafluoroethylene seals. The 50mm x 15mm bronze main drain valve body has 3 positions (off, drain and test) and is a PTFE insulated ball valve with plastic reinforced internal inlet and outlet connections. parallel thread. The bypass and drain check valves have bronze bodies and seals are made in the form of nitrile rubber discs.
Both inlet and drain restrictors are made of brass. The drain restrictor opening is protected from rust or scale that may form on the walls of the retarding chamber by installing a mesh filter made of stainless steel wire with a mesh size of 24. In addition, the inlet and drain restrictor openings are protected from the entry of contaminants when water is supplied A ½" Y-shaped filter installed in the line leading to the alarm detector (Fig. B, hole E). The filter, the body of which is made of bronze, is equipped with a mesh made of stainless steel wire with a mesh size of 50. The mesh can be periodically removed for cleaning .
The supply pressure gauge and system pressure gauge are made of corrosion-resistant materials, have a dual scale 0 - 20 indicating that "x 1" is equal to bar and "x 100" is kPa. Three-way control valves of pressure gauges have a bronze body, a moving rod with graphite sealant, and a metal-to-metal working part.
When designing the system, consideration should be given to the need to drain large quantities of water, which may be required during drainage or when performing a water test on the system.

5. OPERATING PRINCIPLE

When the fire suppression system is first filled with pressurized water, water flows into the system until the water supply pressure equals the system water pressure. At this moment, the twist spring closes the flow damper. Once the pressures have equalized, the water alarm valve is ready for use and the alarm control valve should be open.
For variable pressure systems, slow and small increases in pressure may be observed in the system (via the bypass check valve) while the damper remains closed. The transient pressure peak when water is supplied can be significant enough to open the flow valve once, but false alarms do not occur, because part of the increased pressure is absorbed by the system, thereby reducing the likelihood of the damper reopening. Any water that enters the signal line is automatically drained, further reducing the likelihood of a false alarm from subsequent transient pressure drops.
When a steady flow of water enters the sprinkler piping network, either as a result of proof testing, sprinkler operation, or a steady increase in supply pressure (sufficient to open the flow damper), the hydraulic siren or pressure alarm is activated. These alarms remain active as long as the damper remains open. They can be turned off by closing the alarm control valve. Water in the alarm lines is automatically drained through the 3.2mm drain hole in the restrictor assembly when the alarm control valve is closed or when the flow damper is closed (as a result of the automatic sprinkler network no longer receiving water).
Once activated, the AV-1 (F200) valve does not need to be reset. However, if alarm was forcibly switched off during operation, the alarm control valve must be re-opened after the fire extinguishing installation has been returned to its operating position.
The test valve can be used to test the operation of the siren and/or pressure alarm without constant influx water into the sprinkler system. In the open position, the test valve provides water supply to the alarm pipeline.

6. DESIGN OF A SPRINKLER SYSTEM

The sprinkler system installer must be aware that the configuration of the piping system can affect the performance of the water alarm system. Although a small amount of air in the piping is necessary to prevent a significant increase in pressure associated with the expansion of water when heated, a large amount of air in the system can cause the alarm to be interrupted. The softening effect of the air cushion and the associated potential for the damper to open as a result of a pressure surge has been well known since the advent of flooded sprinkler systems. Less studied is the effect of air cushions on the continuity of the alarm signal transmitted by water alarm valves after the opening of the test valve or after the activation of the sprinkler.
The possibility of signal interruption is due to the fact that the flow of water from the system through the line leading to the test valve or sprinkler is very small compared to the flow that can be passed through the valve, and of course this difference increases as the size of the valve increases . If there is no air in the system, the flow of water into the system will be equal to the flow out of the system and the flow valve in the open position will ensure a steady flow of water. However, if there is air in the system, the damper initially opens wider than usual, because the system initially requires a larger influx of water - as long as there are air bubbles, and only after the air bubbles completely disappear does the valve gap decrease. If the volume of air is significant, the flow into the system may instantly decrease to almost zero (after compression ends) and the damper may close, cutting off water access to the alarms.
Once the damper has closed, a significant amount of water must leave the system before the damper opens again.
By using the purge port (which can also serve as a terminal connection to the test line) and filling the system slowly according to the instructions in the Operating Procedures section, air pockets can be prevented from forming.

7. INSTALLATION

The valve model AV-1 (F200) can be installed both vertically and horizontally.

1. The normal operation of the water alarm valve depends on correct installation its fittings in accordance with the instructions. Failure to follow assembly instructions may cause the system to not operate properly.

2. The water alarm valve must be installed in an easily accessible and visible location.

4. Fire extinguishing installations with water-filled pipelines must be operated at a temperature not lower than 4°C.

Water alarm valve AV-1 (F200) is installed as follows:

• The flange fastenings are tightened evenly in a diametrically alternating order. The tightening torques are given below:

• The water alarm valve piping must correspond to the diagrams - vertical installation for DN 100-150, fig. H2 - vertical installation for DN 200 PN16, - horizontal installation for DN 100-150, - horizontal installation for DN 200 PN16 - vertical installation for DN 65.
• Water alarm purge fittings should be installed in cases where a hydraulic siren is not used, but a retarding chamber is used.
• The pressure switch is usually installed as shown in the basic diagram typical installation. If not required, the ½" hole provided for this detector must be covered with a plug.

6. The system must provide for normal drainage of water from the signal line and drainage of water from the system.

7. If the hydraulic horn drain is to be connected to the main system drain line, a non-spring loaded check valve must be built into the horizontal section of the horn drain line (before connecting to the main drain valve drain). The Inch Rotary Check Valve No. 99S (PSN 46-049-1-006) is quite suitable for this purpose.

8. The signal line drain must be located to prevent the risk of freezing at temperatures below 0°C.

9. The check valve installed in the bypass area around the flow gate should be installed with its arrow pointing towards the valve body, and the drain check valve should be installed with the arrow pointing towards the drain.

10. It is recommended that the purge hole be located on transverse section main line or on a branch at the point furthest from the water alarm valve. The purge line is connected to the top of a main line cross section or the end of a branch line and is typically located at the highest point of the piping system in multi-level systems.

* - threaded transition ¾"x¼"; 2 - ¼" copper tube holder; 3 - ¼" copper tube.

The purge port can be used to vent excess air from the system, thereby reducing the possibility of false alarms due to sudden pressure fluctuations as water enters the system. The compression and expansion of excess air can also cause the flow damper to open and close during a system test or when even a single sprinkler is activated.

8. OPERATION PROCEDURE

Activate the fire extinguishing system in accordance with the following sequence of operations:

1. Open the ¼" rotary check valves for the flow pressure gauge and system pressure gauge.

2. Make sure the hatch bolts are tight. Otherwise, tighten them again in a diametrically alternating order.

3. Close the control signal valve and the test valve.

4. Open a purge hole at a remote point on a cross section of the main line or in a branch line.

5. Slowly open the main valve until you hear a noise flowing water. After this, turn the tap again one full turn.

6. Close the purge port at the remote branch point after the air-saturated water has been released and after a full stream of water has flowed out for at least 15 seconds.

7. Open the main valve completely.

8. Once the flow pressure gauge and system pressure gauge readings have stabilized (i.e., when the flow damper closes), open the control alarm valve.

9. Open the test valve and ensure that the alarm system operates in accordance with fire safety requirements.

10. Close the test valve.

11. Make sure that water has stopped flowing out of the signal line drain. If water still flows out, take the measures described in the "Care and Maintenance" section.

12. Once it has been determined that the flow of water from the alarm line drain has ceased, the alarm valve and fire suppression system are ready for operation.

13. It is recommended to seal the water alarm control valve in the open position by attaching 1/16 twisted wire to it and securing its ends with a lead seal. The wire should be tightly twisted around the pipe nipple at the outlet of the water alarm control valve.

9. IN THE EVENT OF AN ALARM

When an alarm sounds indicating water is entering the sprinkler piping system:

1. Immediately determine whether a fire situation exists. If there is a fire, notify fire service and act according to a pre-approved plan.

2. If there is no fire situation and there is no flow of water from the sprinkler system, then a false alarm has occurred. Immediately report this to the appropriate authorities and proceed according to the procedures outlined in the "Care and Maintenance" section.

3. If there is no fire situation observed, but water is flowing from the sprinkler system, immediately close the main valve and notify the appropriate authorities that a problem has been detected in the fire extinguishing system. Drain the sprinkler system according to the procedure described in the Care and Maintenance section. Eliminate the malfunction as quickly as possible and put the fire extinguishing system into operation.

10. CARE AND MAINTENANCE

The AV-1 (F200) water alarm valve does not require any scheduled maintenance or repair, but it is recommended that the valve be periodically checked for operation in accordance with the procedure specified by the relevant fire authorities.

Check procedure

1. Notify the relevant authorities and all employees affected by this inspection.

2. Open the test valve. Make sure that the hydraulic siren or pressure alarm is activated after a certain time approved by the fire authorities.

3. Ensure that water flows out of the water signal drain line at a rate that matches the hole diameter (3.2 mm) of the drain restrictor.

4. Close the test valve.

5. Make sure that water has stopped flowing from the alarm drain line.

6. Clean the ½" filter screen located at the outlet of the alarm control valve, as well as the ¾" filter screen located near the hydraulic horn connection. Be sure to replace the screens and tighten the filter caps tightly.
Cleaning filters every time after use is especially important if water is supplied from sources with a high content of suspended solids (for example, from a lake or river). The alarm system may not work due to clogged supply fittings.

7. Notify the relevant fire authorities that the installation has been returned to service.

Draining water from the sprinkler system piping network

Draining water from the sprinkler system piping network is carried out as follows:

1. Close the main valve if this has not been done previously.

2. Open a purge hole at a remote point on a cross section of the main line or in a branch line.

3. Open the main drain valve. Check that water drains normally from the system without causing damage to property or creating a danger to personnel.

4. Wait until the supply pressure gauge shows zero pressure and the characteristic noise of water draining stops, after which you can begin repair or maintenance work on the fire extinguishing installation.

Leaking drain line

Perform the steps listed below until the signal drain line stops leaking. Check for leaks after completing each of the following items.

1. Close the control alarm valve and then open the main drain valve fully. Allow the water to drain for at least 5 seconds before closing the valve tightly again. This procedure flushes and clears any deposits that may have accumulated between the flow gate and the docking ring or at the main drain valve interface. Reopen the control signal valve.

2. Repeat steps according to step 1 if the rate of liquid flowing out of the drain has noticeably decreased.

3. Open the test valve and allow water to drain for at least 5 seconds before closing the test valve again. Thanks to this procedure, washing and cleaning of deposits occurs.

4. Repeat steps according to step 3 if the rate of liquid flowing out of the drain has noticeably decreased.

5. Slowly unscrew the fitting at the outlet of the test valve and determine whether water flows out of hole E (Fig. B) or through the test valve. If water flows through the test valve, close the main valve and then repair or replace the test valve as required by the situation. Retighten the fitting and open the main valve.

6. If it turns out that during the operation in accordance with paragraph 5, water flows out at the junction with the signaling devices, drain the water from the system in accordance with the above procedure. After draining the water from the unit, unscrew the bolts and disconnect the hatch cover. Hold the spring by its coils and pull out the hinge bolt. Remove the spring and then the flow damper assembly (items 5,6,7,8 and 10 in Fig. B).

7. Using a flashlight, inspect and remove any deposits that have accumulated in the area of ​​the mating ring groove. Check landing part connection ring for damage. If the ring is bent or there are irregularities in the area of ​​the connecting part, the valve must be replaced. It is not advisable to attempt to clean the ring on site.

8. Check and remove any deposits that may have accumulated on the surface of the valve shell. If minor roughness is noticeable on the surface, you should thoroughly clean both sides of the damper shell with a clean rag and turn the shell over to the other side. Replace the sheath if necessary. Be sure to re-tighten the damper washer bolt again.

9. Reinstall the spring and flapper assembly into the valve and pre-install the pivot bolt bushings by temporarily installing the pivot bolt. Place the spring as shown in Fig. B, and then, holding the spring by the coils, reinstall the hinge bolt. Make sure the hinge bolt is fully seated in the valve.

10. Reinstall the hatch cover. Put the fire extinguishing system into operation in accordance with the procedure described in the "Operating Procedure" section.

Clogged drain line

If during the test fire alarm water does not flow out or barely flows out of the drain line, then possible reason This could be caused by a clogged mesh protecting the drainage hole of the restrictor (Fig. D).
A clogged drain alarm line can cause a false alarm in variable pressure applications. If the unit has a closed drain line, first unscrew the drain restrictor from the restrictor assembly and flush it, then reinstall it.
If the unit has an open drain line, first unscrew the fitting below the drain restrictor to disconnect it from the restrictor assembly and then remove it for cleaning. Reinstall the drain restrictor and reassemble the drain line.
To make removing the drain restrictor easier, it is recommended to use a Teflon-based sealant when reassembling the piping.

Overpressure loss in the installation

In variable pressure installations, the system pressure gauge will usually indicate a pressure greater than the pressure on the supply gauge. In addition, this value should be close to the peak supply pressure recorded after the installation was put into operation.
Loss of excess pressure in variable pressure installations can lead to false alarms.
To eliminate excess pressure loss, perform the following operations:

• Check the drain line for a persistent water leak. If signs of rust and/or other deposits continue to appear in the drain line, perform the corrective actions described in the Drain Line Leaking section.
• If there is no sign of leakage, close the main valve, open the test valve to reduce the supply pressure, then slowly unscrew the fitting on the outside of the bypass fitting.

Move the lower section of the elbow away from the end of the pipe with external thread and check for leaks at the bypass check valve. If there is a leak, it may indicate that dirt has accumulated between the flapper and the mating ring. Drain the water according to the procedure described and then clean or, if necessary, replace the bypass check valve. Reassemble the external bypass section and put the installation into operation in accordance with the paragraphs in the “Operation Procedure” section.
If there is no evidence of leakage at the bypass check valve, check the sprinkler installation for leakage.

1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Single/double interlock sprinkler system (see rice. A) uses a deluge valve with external installation to the original position of the DV-5 model. The system is triggered by liquid flow, dry method or from fire alarm sensors, as described in the description on DV-5, and the control of the sprinkler pipeline network is carried out through preparatory fittings (Fig.B-1AndB-2- wet start only is given as an example) which includes a control valve model CV-1FR (TD320). Preliminary filling of this preparatory fittings with water is not required.
Single/double interlock sprinkler system includes automatic sprinklers and additional system alarm. Activation of the system automatically activates (opens) the DV-5 deluge valve, which in turn opens the flow of water into the sprinkler piping network and allows it to flow out of any sprinklers that may be open. In accordance with the requirements of the National Association fire protection In a preparatory system containing more than 20 automatic sprinklers, the sprinkler piping network must be automatically monitored to determine the integrity of the system to maintain pressure. When using a single/double interlock sprinkler system, the control valve allows an air test to be performed so that the system is automatically pressurized with a test pressure of up to 10 psi (0.69 bar) of air or nitrogen. In this case, the model PS10-2A pressure switch (set to respond to low pressure - 0.34 bar) is used as a detector of unauthorized leaks in the sprinkler pipe network. A decrease in air pressure in the system as a result of the destruction of the sprinkler thermal lock or depressurization of pipes does not lead to the activation of the DV-5 valve; the air pressure is used only for control purposes. This system includes fire alarm sensors that respond to signs of fire faster than automatic sprinklers. In this case, the system operates with a minimal delay in the supply of water compared to a conventional fire sprinkler installation, because Water begins to flow into the system until the sprinklers are activated.
The system is used to detect damage to a pipeline network that could lead to a loss of water supply in the event of a fire. The single/double interlock sprinkler system is also used where there is a serious risk of water damage due to damage to sprinklers or piping. Typically, this can happen in rooms where computer equipment is located, in warehouses for storing valuable and expensive items, in libraries, archives and in places prone to freezing. In addition, single/double interlock sprinkler systems can be used effectively to protect property where pre-alarm fire alarms leave time to utilize alternative fire suppression measures before the sprinkler system is activated. If the fire cannot be extinguished by other means, the single/double interlock sprinkler system activates the sprinkler system as the primary means of extinguishing the fire.

IN this description A single blocking system is shown, but a double blocking system is also available (in this case, the piping to the DV-5 valve will include “dry” and “wet” elements, as well as a solenoid). On this issue, as well as for more detailed description with everyone technical characteristics You should contact Kompleks LLC.

2. CERTIFICATION

UL, ULC, FM certified.

Valve DV-5
Fire safety certificate: No. SSPB.IL.UP001.V05990 (valid until 03/01/2010).
Certificate of conformity: No. ROSS IL.BB02.V00817 (valid until 03/01/2010).

Valve CV-1/CV-1FR
Fire safety certificate: No. ССПБ.CN.УП001.В05998 (valid until 03/01/2010).
Certificate of conformity: No. ROSS CN.BB02.V00825 (valid until 03/01/2010).

Attention!
Single/double interlocking sprinkler systems must be installed and operated in accordance with the requirements of this document and the applicable standards and codes that are legally binding.

3. TECHNICAL DATA

The minimum operating pressure of water supply is 1.4 bar, the maximum is 17.2 bar. The main components of a single/double interlock sprinkler system are the Model DV-5 externally mounted deluge valve and the Model CV-1FR (flanged outlet) or Model F5201 (groove outlet) control valve.

Depending on the adopted form of primary alarm, the DV-5 valve can be actuated by liquid flow, dry actuation or by fire alarm sensors.

Control valve CV-1FR is installed with trim .

System air pressure requirements
The air/nitrogen control pressure should be 0.69 ± 0.07 bar. Application of higher control pressure may lead to longer water supply, and the use of a lower one may result in the alarm not working low pressure , which is set at the factory to 0.34 ± 0.07 bar when the pressure decreases.

The control air supply pressure (0.69 ± 0.07 bar) can be carried out in one of the following ways:

• Automatic (autonomous) control air supply unit, model G16AC812, description TD126.
• Factory compressed air supply is 200 psi maximum. in. (13.8 bar) in combination with air bleeder, model F324, described in TD111.
• Compressed nitrogen cylinder with a maximum pressure of 3000 psi. in. (206.9 bar) in combination with nitrogen extractor, model F328, described in TD113.
• Attention!
  For installations operating in conditions low temperatures, the dew point of the supplied air or nitrogen must be below the minimum ambient temperature, because Moisture entering the pipelines can cause ice formation and lead to malfunction of the installation. Friction losses
  Nominal pressure losses depending on the flow characteristics for models CV-1FR and DV-5 are given in the description of these valves
  Safety valve is set at the factory to full opening at a pressure of 1.72 ± 0.14 bar, and begins to open with a characteristic crack at a pressure of 1.24 bar.

4. OPERATING PRINCIPLE

When installing sprinkler systems with single/double blocking on DN 40 - 150 mm (1½" - 6"), there is no water in the piping system. The piping system is automatically injected with air or nitrogen at a nominal pressure of 0.69 bar and the PS10-2A Low Pressure Alarm monitors the low pressure condition. Significant pressure losses (with a flow rate greater than that that can support automatic device selection) - usually to a value below 0.34 bar - due to disturbances in the sprinklers or piping system lead to the initiation alarm signal, indicating the need to repair the sprinkler pipeline network or the sprinklers themselves. Valve DV-5 does not open due to control air bleeding.
In the event of a fire, the fire alarm system, actuated by liquid flow, dry method or electrical sensors, opens the DV-5 valve, which in turn activates the hydraulic alarms. Subsequently, water will flow out through those sprinklers that are open.

3. Check and eliminate the reasons for the drop in excess pressure in the system.

4. Drain the sprinkler system and refill it with water in accordance with the paragraphs in the “Operation Procedure” section.

Intermittent alarm

If the pressure alarm produces a constant alarm but the hydraulic siren generates an intermittent alarm, check for a bend in the hydraulic turbine drive shaft.
If the hydraulic siren and/or pressure switch produces an intermittent alarm, this may be due to overpressure air accumulated in the sprinkler system piping network. Drain the sprinkler system and refill it with water according to the instructions in the Operating Procedures section.
An intermittent alarm may also be caused by the water flow valve closing due to a sudden drop in supply pressure, or by the water supply pump turning off. Such problems can be avoided by maintaining a stable supply pressure.

11. WARRANTY

The supplier guarantees the absence of defects in materials and manufacturing technology of the equipment for a period of one year from the date of shipment of the equipment (warranty period).

12. WEIGHT

Below is the weight of the valves depending on the diameter. Weight is given for the valve without trim (without retarding chamber):

65 mm (2½") - 12.7 kg (flange - groovelock version);
100 mm (4") - 28.1 kg;
150 mm (6") - 42.2 kg;
200 mm (8") - 75.8 kg;
Harness: 9.92 kg;
Slow chamber: 6 kg.

13. ORDERING

Specify model (valve model AV-1), size (DN 65, 100, 150 and 200 mm) and complete set (options are possible):

• harness,
• retardation chamber RC-1,
• pressure switch PS10-2A (specify quantity, installation of up to three pieces is possible)
• sound alarm WMA-1 (hydraulic siren).

When ordering a valve with DN 65, you must additionally order 1 flange adapter.

The sprinkler system for automatically extinguishing fires has been used since the 19th century, having undergone some modernization using recent technical innovations. Fire extinguishing is carried out by one of the most affordable, universal substances– water, which makes this method both effective and attractive from an economic and environmental point of view.

Operating principle, system equipment

The system got its name from sprinkler– a hollow head with a water jet divider (socket) intended for fire extinguishing. They are mounted at distances determined by the project automatic fire extinguishing, on water pipes, laid under the ceiling of the protected premises.

Are under water or air pressure. The sprinkler is triggered when the locking device - the glass bulb - is destroyed due to the expansion of the liquid filling it with a sharp rise in air temperature above the source of the fire.

Sprinklers have the following characteristics for installation and operation

For installation and quick replacement during repairs or after extinguishing a fire, products are produced with external connecting threads, measured in inches - R1/2, R3/4, R1, often with a polymer seal to prevent leaks.

In heated rooms with a lower limit of + 5 °C, sprinklers are designed for operation in a sprinkler system filled with water. In buildings and rooms with lower air temperatures and up to - 60 °C, air incentive systems are used.

Sprinklers are produced with a number of fixed response temperatures - 57/68/79/93/141/182 °C, depending on the maximum values ​​of 38/50/58/70/100/140 °C in the protected room. Therefore, it is possible to install them in various types buildings - from an office and a trade and exhibition hall to a sauna and a “hot” workshop of an industrial enterprise.

Sprinklers in water-filled systems are installed with rosettes vertically up or down. In air ones - vertically upward to prevent the formation of condensation, which can cause damage and operation of the sprinkler when it freezes. There are also horizontal, universal, rack, hidden sprinklers, sprinklers rapid response for rooms with ceiling heights up to 20 m.

They produce sprinklers with a screen to create air curtains, equipment cooling, as well as with a mesh to form a cloud of finely sprayed water or a stream of foam.

The fire extinguishing area of ​​1 sprinkler is from 9 to 12 square meters. m. depending on the height of the room and the type of sprinkler. The distances between sprinklers in each section of the distribution pipeline are determined by design decisions.

To protect against exposure to aggressive environments, as well as decorative purposes sprinklers are protected with paint, polymer coatings, subjected to nickel plating. The most common colors and shades: bronze, metallic, white. But, you can order almost any color from the manufacturer if the design of the premises requires it. Self-painting is not permitted until the warranty on the product expires.

Sprinkler– the product is non-separable and cannot be repaired. In case of damage or operation, replacement is necessary.

Additional devices and mechanisms

Sprinklers- These are the terminal devices of the system, responsible for its performance. In addition to them, installations of this type of automatic fire extinguishing include:

• Supply and distribution water supply networks made of steel water-gas or electric-welded pipes manufactured in accordance with GOST 3262–75 and 10704–91.
• The use of pipes made of heat-resistant plastic, tested at the VNIIPO EMERCOM of Russia, in water-filled systems is partially permitted. But, designing a fire sprinkler system for everyone separate object must be agreed with the Main Directorate of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation.
• Sprinkler control units (water-filled or air). When the pressure in the system drops, a signal is sent to turn on the pumps to increase the water pressure to the required values ​​for pressure and flow.
• The central control and monitoring panel of the system (CPU) in the fire extinguishing station premises. It is usually located on the 1st floor or basement of the protected building. It is separated from adjacent rooms by fire partitions and ceilings, and has an independent exit from the building, which is strictly regulated by state regulations.
• The CPU issues all control signals to the equipment and the alarm installations interlocked with it, alerting people about the occurrence of a fire, turning on emergency smoke ventilation and turning off the general exchange air supply and removal system, stopping the operation of elevators, and starting the operation of pressure booster pumps in the internal fire water supply network.
• Duplicate remote control in the enterprise security room. Allows you to quickly manage the extinguishing process and respond to changing situations.
• The main and backup water supply pumps are turned on by signals from the CPU if necessary.
• Drainage pump in the pit of the fire extinguishing station.
• Pressure gauges at all key areas of the system from the water entry into the building to the outer sections of distribution pipelines with installed sprinkler heads.

Depending on the substances and materials processed, stored on premises, technological process enterprises, the automatic fire extinguishing sprinkler system (AFS) may include additional equipment: containers with wetting agents, foam concentrates, compressed air, compressors, starting pumps, instrumentation, in accordance with design solutions for a specific protection object.

Where are sprinkler systems used?

According to the law Russian Federation, a list of buildings that must be protected is determined automatic installations fire extinguishing:

• One-story buildings for warehouses of flammable goods and materials with a shelving height of more than 5.5 m or with a number of floors of 2 or more. Regardless of the area.

• Building shopping centers, shops with any number of floors with an area of ​​more than 3500 m 2 or a basement (basement) part of the hall of more than 200 m 2.

• Entertainment centers, cinemas, theaters, concert complexes, clubs with more than 800 seats.
• Art galleries, museums, and other exhibition institutions with a total hall area of ​​1000 m2.
• Separate buildings of archives of federal and regional subordination.
• Underground parking lots and above-ground parking complexes with 2 or more storeys - regardless of area.
• High-rise buildings from 30 m.

At the same time, there are many departmental and industry norms and rules that regulate the equipment of automatic fire extinguishing installations in the premises of technological areas, tunnels, warehouses, storage facilities for valuables and information data, large libraries and other important facilities. The need for protection, the choice of types and types of systems, including sprinkler systems, are determined by design organizations based on the technical specifications of the customer, general contractor or investor.

We also suggest that you familiarize yourself with the material on GOSTs and approvals; this may be useful when installing fire extinguishing systems.

Design, system cost

The right to develop design estimates, design documentation Today, automatic fire extinguishing installations are owned by organizations that have joined one of the self-regulatory organizations of designers in Russia. There must be relevant documents about this, not expired.

This decision was made to protect the rights of customers, increase the responsibility and professional compliance of designers, who also bear financial obligations for the results of their work.

For the right choice, the arrangement of fire sprinkler system equipment takes into account the following parameters:

• Area, height of the room, fire compartment of the building.
• Character, specific gravity fire load.
• Availability technological equipment, internal levels, shelving, openings, ventilation systems.
• The most likely direction of fire spread.
• Characteristics of external and internal fire water supply enterprises, buildings.

Based on primary data, calculations are made, design decisions are made, estimates are drawn up for the supply of equipment, materials, and installation work.

Although there are federal budget standards, regional price coefficients for conducting design work, as well as the average price tags for equipment, materials, installation work, and commissioning of equipment - the final cost of a fire extinguishing sprinkler system in each specific case is, as a rule, determined by contract.

Tests, inspections

Like all network engineering buildings, fire sprinkler system, needs regular maintenance. To maintain it in working condition, the following routine checks and tests are performed:

• External inspection of system elements - distribution pipelines with installed sprinkler heads, control units, pressure gauges, pumps, control and monitoring cabinets for mechanical damage, leaks, and traces of corrosion. The presence and integrity of control stickers and seals are also checked. Frequency – monthly.
• Checking the pressure in the system, the level of wetting agent, foaming agent, water in the presence of storage tanks, the position of taps and valves - monthly.
• Monitoring the performance of the main and backup sources water supply, power supply systems - once a quarter.
• Full check and testing of the system at the central console of the fire extinguishing station - once a quarter.
• Change of water in the system, flushing of pipelines - annually.
• Inspection of control and measuring instruments by the metrological service - annually.
• Hydraulic testing of the system - every 3.5 years.

All actions must be performed by personnel who have the appropriate permits and the right to work with pipelines, pressure vessels, and electrical installations. These can be either employees of the relevant services of the enterprise, or representatives of a specialized organization engaged in the installation, maintenance and repair of automatic fire extinguishing systems.