Technological control consists of checking the compliance of characteristics, modes and other indicators technological process established requirements. A type of technological control is operational control. At operational control product quality checks compliance with individual regulatory requirements implemented during the implementation of regular technological operation. Its purpose is to detect and eliminate defects in the process of manufacturing products or constructing buildings and structures. The executor of operational control is production personnel (workers, foremen, foremen). This type of control is considered as labor quality control.
During operational control the following is checked:
Hidden parameters of the product, control of which is subsequently impossible or difficult (reinforcement cages, etc.);
Compliance with the technology for performing construction processes specified in work projects;
Compliance of the work performed with the working drawings, building regulations and work rules and standards;
Stability of parameters of products included in the control range finished products;
Product parameters depending on quality and condition technological equipment and technological process (thickness of the protective layer of concrete, location of embedded parts, curvature and non-straightness of the surface).
Operational control is carried out according to special operational quality control schemes (OSQC) for all construction and installation processes, attached to technological maps or labor process maps. SOKK is a project document that defines the performers, composition, method and time of quality control of construction processes for operations. It is developed based on requirements regulatory documents And state standards. It lists specific operations and indicates the requirements of the standard (or building codes and regulations) observed when performing this operation, and also provides a description of the tool with which it is performed operational control. The card also indicates who specifically carries out control (worker, foreman, foreman, technical control department, etc.).
Operational control should be carried out after the completion of production operations or construction processes and ensure the timely identification of defects and the causes of their occurrence, as well as
timely adoption of measures to eliminate and prevent them.
Operational control should be carried out by work producers and foremen, and self-control - by work performers. Construction laboratories and geodetic services should also be involved in operational control. The main working documents for operational quality control should be operational control schemes developed as part of work projects.
The operational control scheme must contain:
- design sketches indicating permissible deviations in dimensions and required measurement accuracy, as well as information on the required quality characteristics of materials;
- a list of operations or processes, the quality of which must be checked by the work performer (foreman);
- a list of operations or processes controlled with the participation of the construction laboratory and geodetic service;
- a list of hidden works that are subject to inspection and the drawing up of a report;
- requirements of building codes and regulations, and, where necessary, the main characteristics of the quality of the material (structure);
- data on the composition of the control established on the basis of the requirements of regulatory documents and working drawings, indicating what needs to be checked;
- instructions on the method of monitoring performed operations;
- timing of control.
Operational control is entrusted to foremen and foremen, and its organization is entrusted to chief engineers of construction and installation organizations.
7. Acceptance control.
Acceptance control finished products are carried out at the final stage of the technological process. The number of parameters checked must meet the requirements of standards and building codes. Internal inspection control is carried out according to a schedule approved by the management of the enterprise, usually at least once a quarter. Acceptance control should be carried out to check and assess the quality of completed construction of enterprises, buildings and structures or their parts, as well as hidden work and individual critical structures. All hidden work is subject to acceptance with the drawing up of inspection reports. An inspection report for hidden work must be drawn up for a completed process carried out by an independent department of performers. Drawing up inspection reports for hidden work in cases where subsequent work must begin after a long break should be carried out immediately before subsequent work is carried out. Individual critical structures, as they are ready, are subject to acceptance during the construction process with the preparation of an interim acceptance certificate for these structures. The list of critical structures subject to intermediate acceptance is established by the project.
In addition to production control in construction and installation organizations (input, operational, acceptance) the quality of construction is monitored by state and departmental control and supervision bodies, acting on the basis of special provisions on them (fire, sanitary, mining, etc.). Construction organizations must develop organizational, technical and economic measures aimed at ensuring construction quality control. These activities should, in parity, include the creation of construction laboratories, geodetic services, advanced training and skill of performers. At all stages of construction, in order to check the effectiveness of previously performed production controls, selectively carry out inspection control. It is carried out by special services, if they are part of the construction organization, or by commissions specially created for this purpose. According to the results production and inspection quality control Construction and installation work develops measures to eliminate identified defects, taking into account the requirements of designer supervision of design organizations and state supervisory authorities.
Design, Engineering and Technological Institute of Industrial Construction
OJSC PKTIpromstroy
OPERATIONAL QUALITY CONTROL CARDS FOR MAIN CONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION WORKS
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1. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS 2. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF LARGE BLOCK STRIP FOUNDATIONS 3. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS UNDER COLUMNS 4. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD WHEN INSTALLING BEANS 5. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE TRUSSES AND BEAMS 6. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF FLOOR PANELS (COATING) 7. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART FOR INSTALLING WALL FORMWORK 8. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF FORMWORK FOR COLUMNS AND SLOBS 9. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART WHEN INSTALLING FOUNDATION FORMWORK 10. KAPTA OF OPERATIONAL CONTROL OF STRUCTURE REINFORCEMENT 11. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART FOR CONCRETE PLOCKING 12. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR WALL CONCRETE PASTING 13. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART FOR COLUMNS CONCRETE PATING 14. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART FOR BRICK PILLARS 15. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART FOR WALL BRICK MASONRY 16. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF WINDOW AND DOOR UNITS |
1. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS
Tolerances for the installation of reinforced concrete columns in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 1. Difference in elevations of the tops of adjacent columns or support platforms (brackets, consoles) ± 10 mm 2. Difference in elevations of the tops of columns or support platforms within the verified area: with contact installation 12+2, where - serial number of the tier when installed along beacons 10 mm 3. Displacement of the axes of columns of one-story buildings in the upper section from the vertical at column height H: in meters up to 10 m ± 10 mm over 10 m 0.001 N, but not more than 35 mm 4. Displacement of the axes of columns multi-storey buildings in the upper section relative to the alignment axes for columns with a height of: up to 4.5 m ± 10 mm over 4.6 m ± 15 mm
Table 1
|
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Works |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Correct storage |
Visually |
Before installation begins |
Marking the bottom of the foundation glass |
Using a level |
Before installation begins |
Surveyor |
Installation of columns |
Reliability of slinging, vertical installation, alignment; reference pad marks; temporary fastening |
Visually; using a level; using a theodolite |
During installation |
Surveyor |
Welding of metal parts |
Quality of welds |
Visually |
During installation |
Anti-corrosion protection of metal parts |
Visually |
During installation |
If necessary, laboratory |
Embedding of columns |
Thoroughness of embedding |
Visually |
During installation |
Preparatory work (reception of structures) |
Availability of passports, drawings, geometric dimensions, external defects, application of alignment axes, marks, dimensions of support areas, correct location of embedded parts |
Visually; using a steel meter |
Before installation begins |
Preparing column installation sites |
Cleaning the glasses, dimensions of the foundation glass; presence of scratches on the foundation |
Before installation begins |
Installation of mounting equipment |
Equipment fixation accuracy |
Visually |
During installation |
Welding of metal parts |
Compliance with the project; welding of electrodes; seam sizes |
Visually |
During installation |
Laboratory |
Embedding columns in foundations |
Brand, consistency of concrete mixture, thoroughness of compaction |
Visually, using a standard cone |
During installation |
Laboratory |
2. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF LARGE BLOCK STRIP FOUNDATIONS
Tolerances for the installation of large-block strip foundations in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -16-73 1. Displacement of the axes of foundation blocks and foundation wall blocks relative to the alignment axes ± 10 mm 2. Deviation of marks of the upper supporting surfaces of foundation elements - 10 mm 3. Displacement of axes or faces wall blocks in the lower section relative to the alignment axes or geometric axes below installed structures± 5mm
table 2
|
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Determination of soil conditions |
Visually |
Before installation begins |
The correct location of the pit relative to the alignment drawing, the reliability of fastening, and the mark of the bottom of the pit |
Visually, using a level and tape measure |
Before installation begins |
Surveyor |
Marking the top of the sand or gravel bed |
Using a level |
Before installation begins |
Surveyor |
Correct storage |
Visually |
Before installation begins |
Layout of foundation axes |
Accuracy of determining the position of building corners. Compliance with the design of the distances between the axes of prefabricated foundations |
Using a theodolite and tape measure |
Before installation begins |
Surveyor |
Installation of foundation blocks |
Visually |
During installation |
Accuracy of installation, foundation blocks. Density of support and abutment |
Using a level and plumb line |
During installation |
Compliance of marks with design |
Using a level |
After installing the blocks |
Surveyor |
Preparatory work |
Adequacy of pit sizes |
Using a tape measure |
Before installation begins |
The thickness of the sand or gravel cushion, the quality of its compaction |
Visually, using a steel meter |
Before installation begins |
Cleaning foundation blocks from dirt and snow in winter |
Visually |
Before installation begins |
Availability of passports for reinforced concrete structures; compliance of the geometric dimensions of the blocks with the project; external defects |
Roulettes |
Before installation begins |
Layout of foundation axes |
Correct tension of axes, accuracy of intersection of axes on foundation blocks |
Using a theodolite |
Before installation begins |
Surveyor |
Installation of foundation blocks |
Compliance with installation technology, technological map |
Visually |
During installation |
3. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS UNDER COLUMNS
Tolerances for the installation of reinforced concrete foundations under columns in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -16-73 1. Displacement of the axes of the foundation glasses relative to the alignment axes ± 10 mm 2. Deviation of the marks of the upper supporting surfaces of the foundation elements - 10 mm 3. Deviation of the marks of the bottom of the foundation glasses - 20 mm
Table 3
|
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Preparation of the base for foundations, its condition, dimensions, marks, protection against freezing in winter |
Using a level, steel meter, tape measure |
Before installation begins |
Surveyor |
The dimensions of the pits, the correctness of their location and the reliability of fastening the walls of the pit, the marks of the bottom of the pit |
Visually, using a level, tape measure, plumb line |
Before installation begins |
Marking the top of the base and leveling the pillow |
Using a level |
Before installation begins |
Surveyor |
Lateral waterproofing of foundation blocks |
Insulation quality |
Visually |
After installation |
Preparatory work |
The thickness of the sand or gravel bed and the quality of its compaction |
Visually i using a steel meter |
Before installation begins |
Cleaning from dirt, snow and ice in winter |
Visually |
Before installation begins |
Checking the geometric dimensions of blocks, defects. Comparison of passport data of reinforced concrete structures with design data |
Before installation begins |
Installation of control sights along the axes of foundations |
Compliance with the design of the axles transferred to the bottom of the pit. Accuracy of the position of the top of the control sights |
Using a theodolite or level |
Before installation begins |
Installation and alignment of blocks |
Installation accuracy, compliance with design marks and axes |
Using a level, reference |
During installation |
Surveyor |
4. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD WHEN INSTALLING BEANS
Tolerances for the installation of crossbars in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -16-73 1. Displacement of the axes of the crossbars along the lower chord relative to the geometric axes of the supporting structures ± 6 mm 2. Deviation of distances between the axes of the crossbars at the level of the upper chords ± 20mm 3. Tolerances of support areas and tolerances of gaps between elements are determined by the project
Table 4
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Correct storage of structures |
Visually |
Before installation begins |
Alignment of supporting surfaces on columns |
Compliance of the elevations of the supporting platforms of the columns with the design ones, the correctness of the alignment axes |
Using a theodolite, level, steel meter |
Before installation begins |
Surveyor |
Installation of crossbars |
Correctness and reliability of slinging |
Visually |
During installation |
Alignment of crossbar axes with alignment axes on supporting structures, verticality and tightness of support of the crossbar |
Visually, using a plumb line |
During installation |
Welding of embedded parts at joints |
Visually, using a steel meter |
During installation |
If necessary, laboratory |
Sealing joints |
Appearance of joints, strength of concrete at the joint |
Visually, using a standard hammer |
After stripping the joint |
Laboratory |
Preparatory work |
Compliance of geometric dimensions with design ones, external defects, presence of passports, correct location of embedded parts, cleaning them |
Visually, using a steel meter, tape measure |
Before installation begins |
Alignment of supporting surfaces on columns |
Visually, using a steel meter |
Installation of crossbars |
Correct application of axial and control marks on crossbars |
Visually, using a steel meter, tape measure |
During installation |
Visually |
During installation |
Compliance of the joint design and electrode brand according to the project |
Visually |
During installation |
Sealing joints |
Density and strength of formwork |
Visually |
During installation |
Before concreting |
Laboratory |
Joint seal quality |
Visually |
During the concreting process |
Quality of joint filling |
Visually |
After stripping |
5. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE TRUSSES AND BEAMS
Tolerances for the installation of reinforced concrete trusses and beams in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -16-73 1. Displacement of the axes of the trusses (beams) along the lower chord relative to the geometric axes of the supporting structures ± 5 mm 2. Deviation of the distances between the axes of the trusses (beams) at the level of the upper chords ± 20 mm 3. Tolerances of support areas and tolerances of gaps between elements are determined by the project
Table 5
|
Quality Control Persons |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Correct storage of reinforced concrete structures |
Visually |
Before installation begins |
Alignment of supporting surfaces of previously installed structures |
Compliance of the elevations of the reference areas with the design ones, the correctness of the alignment axes |
Before installation begins |
Surveyor |
Truss installation, beams |
Correctness and reliability of slinging |
Visually |
During installation |
Alignment of beam truss axes with alignment axes, verticality of support structures |
Visually, using a plumb line |
During installation |
Reliability of temporary fastening |
Visually |
During installation |
Welding of embedded parts at joints |
Welding quality, acceptance certificates welded joints, seam sizes |
Visually, using a steel meter |
During the installation process |
Anti-corrosion protection |
Quality of application of the anti-corrosion layer |
Visually |
Before embedding |
If necessary, laboratory |
Preparatory work |
Availability of passports, geometric dimensions, external defects, reinforced concrete structures |
Visually, using a steel meter |
Before installation begins |
Arrangement of embedded parts, cleaning them from rust and concrete deposits |
Visually, using a steel meter |
Before installation begins |
Alignment of supporting surfaces of structures |
Position of support platforms and embedded parts |
Visually |
Before installation begins |
Installation of beam trusses |
Presence and correct application of axial and control marks on structures |
Using a steel meter |
During installation |
Correct installation technology |
Visually |
During installation |
Welding of embedded parts at joints |
Type of electrodes, compliance of the joint with the design |
Visually |
During installation |
Sealing joints |
Density and strength of formwork |
Visually |
Before concreting |
Concrete grade, compaction quality |
Visually |
In the process of embedding |
Laboratory |
Appearance of the joint, quality of the seal |
Visually |
In the process of embedding |
Compliance of the elevations of the installed structures with the design ones, the distance between the axes |
Visually |
After installation |
Surveyor |
6. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF FLOOR PANELS (COATING)
Tolerances for the installation of floor (covering) panels in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -16-73 1. The difference in elevations of the front surfaces of two adjacent floor (covering) slabs at the joint is ± 5 mm 2. The displacement in plan of the covering or floor slabs relative to their design position on supporting surfaces and nodes of trusses and other load-bearing structures (along the supporting sides of the slabs), not allowed 3. Permissible deviations in the dimensions of the support areas and gaps between structural elements are determined by the design
Table 6
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved with control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Correct storage of panels |
Visually |
Before installation begins |
Compliance of elevations and support areas with design |
Using a level, tape measure, steel meter |
Before installation begins |
Surveyor |
Installation of floor panels |
Instrumental inspection of the installation horizon of each floor |
Using a level |
During installation |
Surveyor |
Anti-corrosion protection of anchors |
Quality of anti-corrosion coating |
Visually |
Securing joints |
Laboratory |
Sealing joints |
Quality of grouting of joints |
Visually |
After embedding |
Preparatory work |
Availability of passports, geometric exchanges, surface quality of structures |
Before installation begins |
Correct location of embedded parts and mounting loops |
Visually, using a tape measure, steel meter |
Before installation begins |
Making a supporting row of brickwork by poking |
Visually |
Before installation begins |
Making a bed from mortar |
Compliance of the mortar brand with the project, the thickness of the mortar layer |
Visually |
During installation |
Laboratory |
Panel installation |
Compliance with the area of support, the position of the panel in plan, the tightness of the connection to the supporting surface, the correctness of the installation technology |
Visually |
During installation |
Panel anchoring |
Compliance of anchorage with project requirements |
Visually |
Before embedding |
Sealing joints |
Cleaning and moistening the joining surfaces, matching the grade of mortar or concrete to the design |
In the process of embedding |
Laboratory |
7. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART FOR INSTALLING WALL FORMWORK
Tolerances when installing wall formwork in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -15-76 1. Distance from the vertical or design inclination of the wall formwork planes and their intersection lines for wall heights up to 5m 10 mm for wall heights over 5m 15 mm 2. Displacement of the wall formwork axes : from the design position 8 mm 3. Internal dimensions of the wall formwork from the design dimensions 3 mm 4. Local irregularities of the formwork when checked with a two-meter 3 mm strip
Table 7
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Visually |
Before installing the formwork |
Installation of formwork |
After installing the wall formwork (before it is secured) |
Surveyor |
Accuracy of installation of embedded parts, their fastening |
Using a meter, tape measure |
After installing the formwork |
Preparatory work |
Compliance with the design and quality of formwork panels, correct storage |
Visually, using a meter |
Before installing the formwork |
Installation of formwork |
Compliance with design dimensions, verticality |
Using a meter, plumb line |
During installation of formwork |
Quality of formwork fastenings |
Visually |
During installation of formwork |
Quality inner surface formwork |
During installation of formwork |
8. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF FORMWORK FOR COLUMNS AND SLOBS
Tolerances for the installation of formwork for columns and floors in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -15-76 1. The distance between the supports of the bending elements of the formwork and the distance between the connections of vertical supporting structures from the design dimensions: per 1 m of length 25 mm for the entire span of at least 75 mm 2. Distance from the vertical or design inclination of the formwork planes and their intersection lines: per 1 m height 5 mm to the entire height of columns up to 5 m 10 mm - "- more than 5 m 15 mm to the entire height of beams 5 mm 3. Displacement of the formwork axes from the design position of the columns 8 mm - "- beams 10 mm 4. The distance between the internal surfaces of the formwork of columns, beams from the design dimensions - 3 mm 5. Local irregularities of the formwork when checking with a 2-meter lath - 3 mm
Table 8
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Determining the state of the base (for columns) |
Visually |
Before installing the formwork |
Installation of formwork |
Compliance of supporting scaffolding and scaffolding with the project, their stability and rigidity |
Visually, using a steel meter, tape measure, plumb line |
Before installing the formwork |
Correspondence of the formwork position to the installation axes |
Using a theodolite, plumb line, tape measure |
During installation of formwork |
Surveyor |
Accuracy of installation of embedded parts |
Using a steel meter, tape measure |
Formwork installation ambassador |
Preparatory work |
Quality of formwork panels and fastenings |
Visually, using a steel meter |
Before installing the formwork |
Correct storage of formwork elements |
Visually |
Before installing the formwork |
Installation of formwork |
Compliance with design dimensions and marks |
Using a level, plumb line, level, steel meter, tape measure |
During installation of formwork |
The quality of the formwork surface (density in the joints of the boards) |
Visually, using a 2-meter strip |
During installation of formwork |
Quality of formwork fastening |
Visually |
During installation of formwork |
9. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART WHEN INSTALLING FOUNDATION FORMWORK
Tolerances when installing foundation formwork in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -15-76 1. The distance from the vertical or design position of the foundation formwork planes and their intersection lines per 1 m height is 5 mm 2. Displacement of the axes of the foundation formwork from the design position of 15mm foundations for steel structures , (L is the length of the span or step of the structure, m) 3. Local unevenness of the formwork (when checked with a 2m long lath) 3 mm
Table 9
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Determining the condition of the foundation |
Visually |
Before installing the formwork |
Installation of formwork |
Compliance of the formwork position with the installation axes, accuracy of installation of embedded parts and their fastening |
Using a theodolite, tape measure, plumb line, steel meter |
After installing the formwork |
Surveyor |
Preparatory work |
Compliance with the design and quality of formwork panels, blocks and fasteners, correct storage of formwork elements |
Visually, using a steel meter |
Before installing the formwork |
Installation of formwork |
Compliance with design dimensions and marks. Horizontal and verticality of formwork elements, quality of fastenings, quality of the inner surface of the formwork |
Visually, using a level, plumb line, steel meter |
During installation of formwork |
10. KAPTA OF OPERATIONAL CONTROL OF STRUCTURE REINFORCEMENT
Tolerances for the reinforcement of structures in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -15-76 1. Reinforcing steel arriving for construction must be subject to external inspection upon acceptance. measurements and control tests in cases specified in the project 2. Replacement of the reinforcing steel provided for by the project is agreed upon with the design organization 3. Before installing the reinforcement, the formwork is checked, pads are secured to provide clearance for the protective layer equipment 4. The installed reinforcement is secured from displacement and protected from damage during concreting 5. The displacement of reinforcing bars when installing them in the formwork should not exceed 1/5 of the largest diameter of the rod and 1/4 of the diameter of the installed rod 6. It is prohibited to use spacers to form a protective layer from scraps of reinforcement, wooden blocks and crushed stoneTable 10
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Acceptance of fittings |
Correspondence reinforcing mesh and frames for the project (passport) |
Visually |
Before installation |
Installation of fittings |
Installation of meshes, frames, embedded parts in accordance with the project |
Using a plumb line, a steel meter |
During installation |
Providing a protective layer |
Using a steel meter |
When installing formwork |
Fastening joints, frames, meshes (welding, knitting) |
Visually |
After securing |
Laboratory |
Acceptance fittings |
Carried out selectively. The diameter of the reinforcement and the distance between the working rods in the meshes and frames are checked. |
Using a caliper and a steel meter |
Before installation |
Position of embedded parts |
Using a steel meter |
Before installation |
The quality of the reinforcement fastening points in the mesh frame |
Visually |
Before installation |
Storage of fittings |
Correct warehousing and storage |
Visually |
Before installation |
Correct slinging |
Visually, using a steel meter |
During installation of fittings |
Installation of fittings |
Compliance with the technology adopted in the technological map or commissioning work |
Visually |
During installation of fittings |
The correct layout of the mesh, the correct fastening of the reinforcement in the formwork |
Visually, using a steel meter |
During installation of fittings |
Correct installation of walking boards on the slab |
Visually |
During installation of fittings |
11. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART FOR CONCRETE PLOCKING
Tolerances when concreting floors in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -15-76 1. Local deviations of the concrete surface from the design when checking structures with a 2 m ± 5 mm long 2. In the marks of surfaces and embedded parts that serve as supports for metal or precast concrete elements ± 5 mm 3. In the location of anchor bolts, in in plan inside the support contour - 5 mm in plan outside the support contour - 10 mm 4. The difference in height marks at the junction of two adjacent surfaces is 3 mm
Table 11
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Quality of formwork |
Visually |
Before concreting |
Condition of reinforcement and embedded parts, acceptance certificate of reinforcement |
Visually |
Before concreting |
Stripping |
Surface quality, compliance with hole design, geometric dimensions |
Visually, using a meter |
After stripping |
Strength of concrete, its homogeneity, presence of cracks |
Visually, ultrasonic device |
After stripping |
Laboratory |
Preparatory work |
Quality of the base, removal of the top layer during working seams, notching, washing |
Visually |
Before concreting |
Laying concrete mixture |
Concrete mix quality |
Using the StroyTsNIIL cone, press |
Before concreting |
Laboratory |
Visually |
During installation |
Visually |
During installation |
Outdoor temperature |
Using a thermometer |
During installation |
Compaction of concrete mixture |
Rearrangement step and immersion depth of vibrators |
Visually |
During compaction |
Adequacy of vibration and thickness of concrete layer during compaction |
Visually |
During compaction |
Caring for concrete during hardening |
Using a thermometer |
During hardening |
12. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR WALL CONCRETE PASTING
Tolerances when concreting walls in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -15-76 1. Planes and lines of their intersection from the vertical or design slope to the full height: walls supporting monolithic coverings and floors ± 15mm walls supporting precast beam structures ± 10mm 2. Horizontal planes over the entire plane of the area being verified ± 20mm 3. Local deviations of the concrete surface from the design when checking the structure with a 2 m long strip ± 5 mm 4. In marks of surfaces and embedded parts - 5 mm
Table 12
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Formwork quality |
Visually |
Before concreting |
Compliance with the design of the base level |
Using a level |
Before concreting |
Surveyor |
Condition of fittings and embedded parts, act of acceptance of fittings |
Visually |
Before concreting |
Stripping |
Surface quality, compliance with the design of holes, openings, channels, geometric dimensions |
Visually, using a steel meter |
After stripping |
Strength of concrete, its homogeneity, presence of supports, cracks |
Using an ultrasonic device, visually |
After stripping |
Laboratory |
Preparatory work |
Quality of the base, removal of the top layer during working seams, notching, kneading, presence of waterproofing |
Visually |
Before concreting |
Laying concrete mixture |
Quality of the concrete mixture (workability, cubic strength) |
Before concreting |
Laboratory |
Correct technology for laying concrete mixture |
Visually |
During installation |
Correct execution of working seams |
Visually |
During installation |
Temperature of outside air and concrete mixture (winter) |
Using a thermometer |
During installation |
Compaction of concrete mixture |
Rearrangement step and immersion depth of vibrators |
Visually, using a steel meter |
During compaction |
Adequacy of vibration and thickness of the concrete layer during laying |
Visually, using a steel meter |
During compaction |
Compliance with humidity and temperature conditions |
Using a thermometer |
During hardening |
13. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART FOR COLUMNS CONCRETE PATING
Tolerances for concreting in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -15-76 1. Planes and lines of their intersection from the vertical or from the design slope to the entire height of columns supporting monolithic coverings and floors ± 15 mm Same for columns supporting precast beam structures ± 10 mm 2. Horizontal planes over the entire plane of the area being verified ± 20 mm 3. Local deviations of the concrete surface from the design when checking structures with a 2 m long strip, except for supporting surfaces ± 6 mm 4. In the cross-sectional dimensions of elements + 6 mm - 3 mm 5. In marks of surfaces and embedded parts that serve as supports for metal or precast reinforced concrete elements - 5 mm
Table 13
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons or units involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Quality of formwork |
Visually |
Before concreting |
Compliance with the design of the base level |
Using a level |
Before concreting |
Surveyor |
Condition of reinforcement, embedded parts, reinforcement acceptance certificate |
Visually |
Before concreting |
Stripping |
Determination of surface quality, compliance with the design of geometric dimensions, correct location of embedded parts, marks of the top of columns |
Visually, using a steel meter or level |
After stripping |
Surveyor |
Determination of concrete strength, its homogeneity |
Using ultrasonic devices |
After stripping |
Laboratory |
Preparatory work |
Determining the quality of the base (cleaning from dirt, ice, snow, etc.) |
Visually |
Before concreting |
Laying concrete mixture |
Determination of the quality of the concrete mixture (workability, cubic strength) |
Using StroyTsNIIL cone, press (PSU-500) |
Before installation into the structure |
Laboratory |
Compliance with concrete mix laying technology |
Visually |
During installation |
Compaction of concrete mixture |
Control of temperature of outside air and concrete mixture (in winter) |
Using a thermometer |
During installation |
Compliance with the rearrangement step and immersion depth of the vibrators, the correct installation |
Visually, using a steel meter |
During compaction |
Determining the sufficiency of vibration and the thickness of the concrete layer |
Visually, using a steel meter |
During compaction |
Care concrete mixture during hardening |
Compliance with humidity and temperature conditions |
Using a thermometer |
During hardening |
Laboratory |
14. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART FOR BRICK PILLARS
Tolerances for bricklaying pillars in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -17-78 1. Deviations from the design dimensions: in thickness 10mm in marks of edges and floors 10mm in displacement of the axes of structures 10mm 2. Deviation of surfaces and corners of masonry from the vertical: per floor 10mm for the entire building 30mm 3. Irregularities on the vertical surface of the masonry, detected when applying a 2m long 5mm strip
Table 14
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Correct alignment of pillars to alignment axes |
Visually, using a plumb line |
Before laying begins |
Brickwork pillars |
Determining the correct masonry technology and bandaging the seams |
Using a plumb line, a steel meter, visually |
In the process of laying |
Determining whether the actual position of the brick pillars being completed corresponds to the project, the alignment of pillars on different floors |
Visually, using a plumb line, steel meter |
In the process of laying |
Marking the edges of brickwork and floors, correct installation of cushions under beams, support of beams on cushions and their embedding in masonry |
Visually, using a level, steel meter |
After installing the pillow and installing the beam |
Surveyor |
Preparatory work |
Determining the base for the pillars, the presence of waterproofing |
Visually |
Before laying pillars |
Determination of the quality of bricks, reinforcement, embedded parts |
Visually, by measurement, checking passports and certificates |
Before laying pillars |
Laboratory |
Brickwork pillars |
Dimensions, filling and dressing of sutures; |
Using a steel meter |
After completing every 5m of masonry |
Geometric dimensions of the pillar cross-section |
Using a steel meter |
During the masonry process |
Verticality of masonry, unevenness on the surface |
Using a plumb line, a rod, a steel meter |
After finishing laying the pillar to the height of the floor |
Masonry reinforcement |
The correct location of the reinforcement, the distance between the grids along the height of the column, the diameter of the rods and the distances between them |
Using a steel meter, caliper |
As the reinforcement is laid |
15. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CHART FOR WALL BRICK MASONRY
Tolerances for bricklaying walls in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -17-78 1. Deviation from the design dimensions; by thickness 15 mm by marks of edges and floors 10 mm by width of partitions 15 mm by width of openings 15 mm by offset of adjacent axes window openings 20 mm for the displacement of the axes of structures 10 mm 2. Deviations of surfaces and corners of masonry from the vertical: for one floor 10 mm for the entire building 30 mm 3. Deviations of rows of masonry from the horizontal for 10 m of length 15 mm 4. Irregularities on the vertical surface of masonry, detected when applying a 2-meter 10 mm strip
Table 15
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Brickwork walls |
Quality of bricks, mortar, fittings, embedded parts |
External inspection, measurements, verification of passports and certificates |
Before laying the walls of the floor |
In case of doubt - laboratory |
Correct axle alignment |
Using a steel tape measure, meter |
Before laying begins |
Horizontal marks of masonry trims for the ceiling |
Using a level, staff, level |
Before installing floor panels |
Surveyor |
Alignment ventilation ducts and sealing of ventilation units |
Visually, using a plumb line |
After finishing the laying of the floor walls |
Masonry reinforcement |
Correct placement of reinforcement, diameter of rods, etc. |
Visually, using a steel meter |
Before installing fittings |
Installation of prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs floors |
Supporting slabs, caulking, anchoring |
Visually, using a steel meter |
After installing the ceiling |
Anti-corrosion coating of embedded parts |
Thickness, density and adhesion of the coating |
Visually, using a thickness gauge, engraving pen |
Before sealing |
Laboratory |
Installation of balconies |
Sealing, marking, slope of balconies |
Using a steel meter, level, 2-meter rod |
After installing balconies |
Brick walls |
Geometric dimensions of masonry |
Using a steel tape measure, meter |
Verticality, horizontality and masonry surface |
Using a level, staff, plumb line |
During and after finishing the laying of floor walls |
Quality of masonry seams |
Using a steel meter, 2 meter rod |
After completing every 10m 3 masonry |
Layout and markings of the bottom of openings |
Using a steel tape measure. level, level |
Before laying the walls begins |
Removal of the mark + 1 m from the finished floor |
Using a level |
After completing the laying of the floor |
Apartment layout |
Visually |
After starting to lay the walls |
Geometric dimensions of premises |
Using a steel tape measure |
After starting to lay the walls |
Installing jumpers |
Jumper position, support, placement, termination |
Visually, using a steel meter |
After installing jumpers |
Installation of landings |
Position of pistillate sites, support, placement, embedding |
Visually, using a steel meter |
After installing the platforms |
Welding of embedded parts |
Length, height, quality of welds |
Visually, tapping with a hammer |
Before anti-corrosion coating |
Soundproofing device |
Design, quality of workmanship |
Visually |
Immediately after finishing work |
16. OPERATIONAL CONTROL CARD FOR INSTALLATION OF WINDOW AND DOOR UNITS
Rules for installing window and door units in accordance with the requirements of SNiP III -19-76 1. The surfaces of window and door units adjacent to stone walls are antiseptic with waterproofing materials 2. The gaps between the frame and the masonry of the external walls are sealed with thermal insulation materials 3. Window and door frames V stone walls and partitions are secured with screws or steel brushes driven into antiseptic wooden plugs. Each vertical block of the box is secured in at least 2 places, the distance between them does not exceed 1 meterTable 16
|
Quality Control Persons |
Operations subject to control |
Composition of control |
Control method |
Control time |
Persons involved in control |
Activated works |
Producer of works |
Preparatory work |
Appearance, factory readiness, compliance with standards, Unified Regulations and Design, completeness of delivery of window and door units, availability of antiseptic certificates |
Visually |
When accepting blocks |
Availability of antiseptic plugs for attaching blocks |
Visually |
Before installing blocks |
Transportation and storage conditions |
Visually |
Installation of door and window blocks |
Correct installation at a given elevation and along a given axis |
WITH using a level, plumb line, tape measure |
After installing the boxes |
Fastening boxes |
Visually |
After installing the boxes |
Fit tightness of window and door frames |
Visually |
After installing the boxes |
Waterproofing the junction of blocks and masonry |
Visually |
After installation |
Caulk with thermal insulating material sealed with sealant. Coating the joints between blocks and masonry with mortar |
Visually |
After installing the box |
The gap between the floor surface and the door leaf |
Using a steel meter |
After installing the box |
Installation of window sill boards |
The presence of teardrops in wooden window sill boards |
Visually |
Before installing window sill boards |
Antiseptic and insulation of the bottom surface board wooden window sills |
Visually |
Before installing window sill boards |
Sill board slope |
Using a rod, level, steel meter |
After installing window sill boards |
Platband overlay on the wall |
Using the steel metro |
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CENTRAL
SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH ED O VAT EL SKI AND DESIGN AND EXPERIMENTAL INSTITUTE OF ORGANIZATION, MECHANIZATION AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO CONSTRUCTION OF THE USSR GOST CONSTRUCTION
ON IMPLEMENTATION
OPERATING
CONTROL
MOSCOW - 1973
CENTRAL
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND DESIGN AND EXPERIMENTAL INSTITUTE OF ORGANIZATION, MECHANIZATION AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO CONSTRUCTION OF THE USSR State Construction Agency
ON IMPLEMENTATION
OPERATING
CONTROL
|
Moscow - 1973 |
QUALITY OF CONSTRUCTION INSTALLATION WORKS
PUBLISHING HOUSE OF LITERATURE ON CONSTRUCTION
Recommendations for the implementation of operational quality control of construction and installation works were developed by the TsNIIOMTP Gosstroy of the USSR (performed by engineer E.M. Zolotnikov), NIISP Gosstroy of the Ukrainian SSR (executed by engineer L.I. Pokrass).
Plan If-III k". 1971, M 14
1. These Recommendations establish general order operational quality control of construction, installation and special construction work during the construction of buildings and structures for various purposes, being built in ordinary areas and in areas with special natural conditions(seismic, distribution of permafrost subsidence and other soils, etc.).
2. Recommendations are mandatory for construction, installation and specialized construction organizations, regardless of their departmental subordination, as well as for technical supervision of the customer (developer), designer supervision of design organizations.
3. The main objectives of operational quality control of construction, installation and special construction works are:
ensuring compliance of the construction, installation and special construction work performed with the project and the requirements of regulatory documents for construction. approved or agreed upon by the USSR State Construction Committee;
timely identification of the causes of defects during the production of work and taking measures to eliminate them;
increasing the responsibility of direct performers (working units, teams) for the quality of work.
4. Operational quality control of construction and installation work is assigned to the work producers and craftsmen who manage the construction of buildings and structures.
If necessary, construction laboratories and geodetic and surveying services, as well as specialists involved in control, are involved in operational control individual species works;
carried out in accordance with the schemes of operational quality control of work performance (SOKK),
attached to the technological maps, which are integral part work projects (WPP). approved by engineers of construction and installation or specialized construction organizations in accordance with the Instructions on the procedure for drawing up and approving. requirements for construction organization projects and work production projects (SN 47-67), approved by the USSR State Construction Committee.
For the construction of facilities for which technological maps are not developed, production preparation and work design groups of construction organizations are required to issue standard or reuse SOCK.
5. The compilation of the SOKK is carried out on the basis of the requirements of regulatory documents for construction and state standards.
6. SOKK must contain:
sketches of structures indicating permissible deviations according to SNiP, and, if necessary, the main characteristics of the quality of the material or structures (strength, frost resistance, fire resistance, etc.);
a list of operations the performance of which must be checked by the workman or foreman;
data on the composition of the control established on the basis of the requirements of regulatory documents for construction and working drawings indicating what needs to be checked (for example, the cross-section of reinforcement and the location of reinforcing bars; compliance of the actual dimensions of elements with the design ones; embedding of floor slabs and coatings, their connection with each other , as well as with harnesses and anti-seismic belts, etc.);
an indication of the method of monitoring the operations being performed - how and by what means the check should be carried out (visually, instrumentally - name measuring instruments and tools, etc.);
timing of control;
a list of hidden work to be submitted to representatives of the technical supervision of the customer (developer);
redesign of operations controlled with the participation of the construction laboratory, geodetic and surveying service (compliance with the geometric parameters of the project, accuracy of transfer of design data into nature
etc.), as well as specialists involved in monitoring certain types of work;
The diagram is drawn in a 420X297 mm format, which is reduced when reprinted to the required size.
An example of SOKK is given in the appendix.
7. The list of hidden work to be submitted to representatives of the customer’s technical supervision is determined by the compilers of the SOKK based on SNiP and other regulatory documents, and the sequence of delivery of hidden work is indicated (for example, welding of embedded parts before the production of anti-corrosion protection, etc.).
Note. The specified list must necessarily include work on laying reinforcement outlets (anchors) in foundations, supports, and ceilings for the purpose of using them in the construction of anti-seismic belts.
8. When determining the list of operations controlled with the participation of a construction laboratory, geodetic and surveying service, as well as specialists involved in the control of certain types of work, one should be guided by the current Standard Regulations on laboratories of construction and installation organizations and their production enterprises, the Regulations on the geodetic and surveying service in construction and installation organizations and other regulatory documents approved or agreed upon by the USSR State Construction Committee.
9. SOKK are developed according to orders of contract construction organizations by the Orgtekhstroy (Org-Stroy) trusts, preparation and design groups for the production of construction and installation works and specialized construction organizations, and for experimental construction - by design and research institutes.
10. The management of a construction and installation or specialized construction organization no later than 15 days before the start of work must transfer to the immediate supervisor of the construction of a building or structure (work foreman, foreman) the SOKK complete with PPR and technological maps. SOKK must be presented at the request of persons monitoring the quality of construction.
11. The start of construction, installation and special construction work must be preceded by an inspection
work producers and craftsmen with the participation, where necessary, of representatives of construction quality laboratories building materials, products, semi-finished products, structures (as they are received for construction), as well as compliance of these passports and certificates with the requirements of the projects.
12. All defects identified during operational control (deviations from projects, standards, requirements of regulatory documents for construction) must be eliminated before the start of subsequent operations (work).
13. The organization of operational control and the establishment of supervision over its implementation is entrusted to the heads and chief engineers of construction, installation and specialized construction organizations (sites, departments, trusts, etc.).
14. Chief engineers of construction, installation and specialized construction organizations are obliged to ensure, before starting work at the site:
instructing line engineering and technical personnel of construction sites and workshops on the procedure for conducting operational control, documented by a corresponding entry in the log of work on the construction of the facility;
studying by all engineering and technical employees and workers the requirements of SNiP when performing construction and installation work in areas with special natural conditions, testing the knowledge of these workers, documenting the results of this test;
instructing newly hired engineering and technical workers on the procedure for operational control of the quality of work.
15. Engineering and technical workers carrying out operational quality control of construction and special construction works are required to keep records of production defects and defects identified during the said control and enter them into the logs of construction work.
APPLICATION
OPERATIONAL QUALITY CONTROL SCHEME
(Installation of foundation formwork)
1 - deviations of internal dimensions (length, width) of building foundation glasses - 15 mm; 2 - deviations of ledges in plan -20 mm; 3 - deviations from horizontal ±5 mm;
4 - deviations in the location of holes for connecting elements (wedges, bolts, etc.) - 0.5 mm;
5 - offset relative to the alignment axes of the bottom row ±20 mm;
6 - displacement relative to the alignment axes of the glasses and blocks of the top row ±110 mm; 7 - permissible deviation of the top of the foundations ±5 mm;
I - deviations of the marks of the supporting surfaces of the foundations from the design ones - 20 mm; P - deviations from the vertical or from the design inclination of the formwork planes over the entire height of the foundation - 20 mm, per 1 m height - 5 mm; /0 - deviations of foundation edge marks ±15 mm; L - deviations in the length and width of panels and frames for
them - b mm.
Note. If work at the site is headed by one manager (foreman or foreman), he performs all control functions according to the scheme.
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Moskaa, K-31, Kuznetsky Most, 9, Stroyizdat 0
Editor of the publishing house V. V. Petrova Technical editor K. E. Tarkhova Proofreader M. F. Kazakova
Submitted for printing on November 22, 1972. Signed for printing on December 13, 1972. T-20 236 Printing paper No. 2 84X108"/* - 0.126 paper l.
0.42 el. oven l. (ed. 0.4 l.)
Circulation 50,000 copies. Ed. No. XII-3936 Order. Ni 463 Price 3 kopecks.
Podolsk printing house of the Main Printing Industry of the State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR for Publishing, Printing and Book Trade Podolsk, st. Kirova, 25
IntroductionRegulatory documents regulating the quality of construction and installation works, building materials, products and structures
Methods of testing and quality control of building materials, products and structures during construction and installation work
Part 1. Construction work
A. Earthworks
1. Development of excavations (trenches) for structures
2. Development of pits using excavators
3. Development of trenches for pipelines in non-rocky soils
4. Postback
5. Vertical layout
6. Construction of embankments
B. Construction of foundations
7. Installation of strip foundation blocks
8. Installation of wall blocks in the underground part of buildings
9. Installation of glass-type foundation blocks
10. Construction of pile foundations
11. Arrangement of prefabricated grillages
12. Installation of monolithic grillages
13. Installation of horizontal waterproofing of foundations made of cement mortars
B. Concrete work
14. Installation of inventory formwork
15. Reinforcement work
16. Laying concrete mixtures
17. Construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete walls
18. Construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete columns
19. Construction of monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete foundations
G. Stone works
20. Wall masonry
21. Laying partitions
22. Laying pillars
D. Installation work
23. Installation of reinforced concrete columns of one-story buildings
24. Installation of prefabricated reinforced concrete columns of multi-storey buildings
25. Installation of reinforced concrete crossbars, beams, trusses
26. Installation of floor slabs and coverings
27. Installation of staircases and landings
28. Installation of balcony slabs and lintels
29. Installation of external wall panels of frame buildings
30. Installation of panels, blocks of load-bearing walls of buildings
31. Installation of volumetric blocks of elevator shafts
32. Installation of prefabricated reinforced concrete ventilation blocks
33. Installation of volumetric blocks
34. Installation of sanitary cabins
35. Installation of gypsum concrete partitions
36. Installation of asbestos-cement extrusion panels and slabs
37. Installation of frame-sheathing partitions
38. Installation of walls from sandwich panels and sheet assembly
39. Welding of installation connections of reinforced concrete structures
40. Anti-corrosion protection of steel embedded products
41. Sealing joints
42. Caulking joints and seams
43. Construction of a garbage chute
E. Roofing and insulation work
44. Preparation of foundations and underlying insulation and roofing elements
45. Thermal insulation device from bulk materials
46. Installation of thermal insulation from slabs
47. Insulation device made from rolled materials
48. Insulation device made of polymer and emulsion-bitumen compositions
49. Roofing from rolled materials
50. Roofing from piece materials
51. Construction of a roof made of polymer and emulsion-bitumen compositions
52. Installation of a metal roof
G. Carpentry work
53. Installation of window blocks
54. Installation of door blocks
55. Construction of mezzanines, cabinets
H. Floor installation
56. Preparation of soil foundations for floors
57. Construction of a concrete underlying layer, screeds
58. Floor soundproofing device
59. Installation of glued floor waterproofing
60. Installation of bitumen floor waterproofing
61. Installation of monolithic coatings
62. Installation of ceramic tile floors
63. Installation of mosaic floors
64. Installation of floors made of polymer materials
65. Laying joists in floors on floor slabs
66. Laying logs on posts on the ground base
67. Installation of plank floors
68. Installation of block parquet floors
69. Installation of floors from panel parquet
I. Finishing work
70. Plastering works (simple plaster)
71. Plastering works (improved plaster)
72. Plastering works (high-quality plaster)
73. Plastering works (coatings made of sheets of dry gypsum plaster)
74. Painting work (painting with water-based compositions)
75. Painting work (painting with waterless compounds)
76. Cladding work
77. Wallpaper work
78. Glass work (glazing of bindings)
79. Glass work (installation of glass blocks and glass panels)
80. Installation of fiberglass fencing
81. Finishing (cladding) walls with panels, sheets with factory finishing
82. Installation of suspended ceilings in building interiors
K. Improvement
83. Drainage device
84. Construction of a blind area made of concrete and asphalt concrete
85. Construction of sidewalks and paths from slabs
86. Construction of crushed stone base and asphalt concrete pavement
Part 2. Repair and construction work
1. Repair and strengthening of old foundations
2. Laying prefabricated reinforced concrete floor slabs during the reconstruction of brick buildings
3. Construction of monolithic sections in floors
4. Installation of floor slabs on metal beams
5. Strengthening brick pillars and piers
6. Installation of metal jumpers
7. Installation of stairs on metal stringers
8. Construction of a rafter system made of wooden elements
9. Plaster repair
10. Repair of plastering of building facades
11. Painting facades
12. Installation of molded parts of facades
13. Installation of drainpipes
Part 3. Installation work
1. Making holes and grooves for laying pipelines
2. Installation of cast iron pressure pipelines
3. Installation of pressure pipelines from asbestos-cement pipes
4. Installation of internal cold and hot water supply pipelines
5. Installation of reinforced concrete and concrete non-pressure pipelines
6. Installation of sewer pipelines from ceramic pipes
7. Installation of an internal sewerage and drainage system
8. Installation of water fittings
9. Installation of bathtub and washbasin
10. Installation of sanitary fixtures
11. Installation of an internal heating system
12. Installation of metal air ducts
13. Electric lighting device
14. Construction of round reinforced concrete wells
15. Installation of heating main cameras
16. Installation of non-passable channels
17. Insulation of heating pipelines
