A fiberglass window is a compact viewing window in a log house, which is placed between two logs located one above the other. The structure is closed from the inside using a plank valve made of boards. In traditional Russian huts, the windows were wolf-shaped and represented a horizontal gap between the logs. Sometimes the structure was decorated with carvings. A small hole was made in the center of the valve, like a modern peephole.
The wolf designs were replaced by mowing ones. These are openings with a frame and frame made of jambs. They differed in height at least three logs or more complex design. The oblique structures were carefully decorated with carvings or ornaments. From the outside they could be closed with iron or wooden shutters.
Modern windows in a country house
Today in wooden cottages or country houses install classic ones in modern understanding windows. In addition, there is great demand panoramic glazing. Floor-to-ceiling glazing looks stylish and elegant, making the building luxurious and providing a magnificent view of the surrounding nature.
It visually increases the space and height of the ceilings in the room, making the room bright, light and airy. But for a bathhouse and steam room, it is recommended to choose small windows so that the heat stays inside longer.
Regardless of the type of structure, it is important to choose the right materials and perform installation. Experts advise choosing modern wooden double glazed windows. Natural wood will preserve the environmental friendliness and microclimate of a log or beam structure, will organically fit into the interior and complement the appearance of the facade.
Wood is distinguished by high wear resistance and good thermal insulation properties, aesthetics and environmental safety. In addition, it does not heat up. While plastic gets very hot and releases when heated bad smell, toxic elements. Which windows to choose for wooden house, will tell.
Installation of windows in a wooden house
Installation of windows in a log house is complicated by the fact that the log or timber structure gradually shrinks. As a result, the window structure may become warped or deformed. To prevent this from happening, before installing double-glazed windows, it is important to make a window frame or install casing. The edging is done after the main shrinkage, 6-12 months from the date of installation of the log house. Read more about installing windows in wooden house read .
“MariSrub” craftsmen will efficiently and quickly handle the installation of windows in a wooden house. We select reliable materials, install the casing with high quality, window designs and double-glazed windows, we insulate the jambs. We offer construction wooden houses from timber or logs on a turnkey basis and we produce lumber ourselves.
A house from the manufacturer - a reliable and durable residential cottage or country house at a favorable price. Own production allows you to carefully control the selection of wood and each stage of lumber production. And work without intermediaries - offer low prices on timber and logs. We carry out complex construction, which includes the development and installation of a log house, installation of the foundation and roof, supplying and connecting communications. We install windows and doors, insulate the house, and finish the interior and exterior.
Windows and trim
The word “window” is one of the most ancient and widespread architectural and construction terms. In Russian chronicles it is mentioned in the 11th century.
Glass was used as a material for windows, which was imported from abroad until 1635. The most common material was mica. For the bulk of the peasantry, the window fillers were materials obtained from their farms: ox bladder, fish press, thin linden plates, canvas and flax. Similar glass substitutes could be found in some villages at the end of the 19th century.
The fragility of the material and small shapes determined the shape of the window opening, the so-called fiber window.
The fiber window was cut between two horizontal rows of logs; its width was one and a half times its height. WITH inside the windows were attached with bars with a groove for the movement of the drag board. Similar windows were common in the huts of the Russian peasantry until the beginning of the 17th century. However, in the second half of the 19th century. they are found in huts in the North, Volga region, and Urals.
Volokovy window. According to M.V. Krasovsky
Many of them have already increased sizes and glazed frames. In the Volga region such windows were decorated carved platbands with and without shutters.
Platbands of portico windows in huts of the Volga region
A slight light penetrated into the hut through fiberglass windows, required their rational location. Usually there were three portico windows facing the façade. One of the side windows was located opposite the mouth of the stove, the second opposite the table in the red corner. The central one was raised relative to the side ones by one crown; it was intended to illuminate the main volume of the hut.
Six-walled building with fiberglass windows
It was the central window that was first replaced with a slanted or red window, the opening of which was close to a square.
Red and fiber windows
A slanted window is an opening in the wall, reinforced with two side beams (jambs). At the top, the beams were connected by a transverse beam (lintel), and downwards they rested against the log of the log house.
Another type of window is a frame window; such a window consisted of four interconnected bars.
In residential premises, the window opening always remained straight. The first attempts to process the surface of the wall near the window consisted of small cutting (cutting) of part of the logs. This made it possible to reduce the thickness of the wall near the window opening, thereby expanding the angle of light entering the room and making the window more visible on the façade of the building.
Filling the window opening with glass or mica necessitated the creation of a frame structure. Initially, the frames were blind, then one part of the frame, according to the principle of fiberglass windows, began to be made movable, and by the second half of the 19th century. double-leaf swing frames began to be widely used. The use of a hinged double-leaf frame made it possible to increase the window opening upward. The window opening took on a rectangular shape. Heavy jambs and decks began to be replaced with light window frames. The joints between the box and the log wall were covered with overhead boards - platbands.
The frame window frames of peasant buildings can be divided into five groups:
The first group includes platbands with one top board. Between the top beam of the window and the top log there was always a space left - a sedimentary groove. To protect the groove from atmospheric precipitation it was covered with a board - a cell. The headband was often decorated with carvings, most often flat and through carvings were used.
Platband with frame
The second group includes platbands covering the window opening on four sides. The ochelye had a loose pediment with rectilinear or curvilinear elements.
Platband with a loose pediment
The third group includes platbands with a clear upper horizontal profile cornice and with a high under-eaves board - frieze. The cornice is decorated with vertically placed rollers, crackers, and heels. The under-eaves board is processed in the form of panels of various shapes with hanging garlands, tassels, and wicker ornaments. Double-leaf shutters are installed on the side walls of the platband. Bottom ends vertical boards completed with droplets.
Classic casing
The fourth group includes platbands with carved ornaments under the cornice on the edging and the lower window sill. At the bottom, the side boards are completed with hanging droplets; very often paneled shutters are installed on the platbands.
Platband with relief carving
Sometimes shutters are richly decorated with relief carvings; often shutters simply play the role of decoration and are simply attached to the wall of the house. Such platbands are characteristic of the folk architecture of the Volga region in the second half of the 19th century. Deep relief carvings and loose floral patterns are replaced here by croutons, heels and other elements of classicism. The frame frame is decorated with plot compositions with images of flowers and leaves, grapes, fantastic animals and birds.
Platband with decorative shutters
The fifth group includes platbands, the composition and shape of which does not correspond to the established system for the design of window openings.
This is, for example, an oval-shaped casing, or casings decorated with images of ram or bull horns.
Platbands of unusual shapes
Volga carpenters paid great attention to the decorative decoration of platbands dormer windows. The compositions of these platbands are infinitely rich and varied - from a small semicircular opening with fan-shaped diverging rays from rectangular planks to a large two or three-part opening with twisted columns that support a carved pediment.
Dormer window frames
Great attention has always been paid to the decorative design of platbands. Windows are the eyes of the house and they should look appropriate. IN different regions The design and designs of the platbands were different. Somewhere the decor was sparse and laconic, somewhere, on the contrary, it was too ornate, but both of them attract the eye, they carry a piece of bygone traditions, past culture and time.
Porches
The porches of peasant houses can be divided into five groups:
Blind porches are platforms and steps of the porch, located in a separate blind log cage, standing on the ground near the entrance of the house. Such porches could be the same height or have several levels: an upper platform, flight of stairs, lower platform. The entrance log house, as a rule, did not have doors.
Porches
A porch on a row is an open porch at the base of which lies a chopped log frame, on which pillars are installed that support the roof of the porch.
Porches on the row
A porch on one pillar is an open porch, the walls of the upper platform of which are covered with planks. The supporting part of the platform consisted of several hewn beams laid in the deep eye of the base pillar and connected to the wall of the house.
Porches on pillars
The porch is on two pillars, two pillars support the entrance platform and the canopy.
The porch had four pillars, two pillars supported the roof and the upper platform, two other pillars supported the roof over the lower platforms.
A low porch is a low platform with several steps, open or covered with a roof which rests on pillars or brackets.
The roof over the porch was made gable with a pediment above the porch or single-pitch with a slope from the wall.
Porch-balconies are porches combined with balconies protruding above them, which served as a canopy over the entrance to the house. Were distributed in two-story houses V rural houses Karelia and urban wooden architecture.
Porch-balcony, Churilovo village, Kargapolsky district, late XIX V.
rice. N. Podobina
Roof
According to their type of roofing in folk architecture they were divided into single-pitched, gable, three-pitched and four-pitched, according to a log or rafter structure
(for detailed information on roof construction, see the construction techniques section).
Shed roofs were erected on small outbuildings: bathhouses, barns, extensions to the house, over balconies, porches and galleries, when installing awnings in the courtyard or near the walls of the hut (cover near the huts of the Novgorod region).
The most characteristic of the residential architecture of northern settlements is a gable plank roof on log load-bearing gables. Sledges cut into the pediments hold the upper ends of the hens, made from spruce trunks with part of the rhizome shaped like a hook. On the hen's hooks lie water troughs - streams that support two layers of boards.
Chickens in northern villages
The upper ends of the boards are pressed against the ridge line with a heavy log - a log. The ohlupen is attached to the ridge sledge with wooden rods - stamics. For better waterproofing Between two layers of boards a layer of birch bark - rock - is laid. The ends of the chickens and the shell were processed in the form of the heads of birds and a horse, which gave a picturesque silhouette to the entire building.
Skates in northern villages
To strengthen the pediment, additional transverse walls are sometimes made; the space between them is formed by light fixtures, which were used in summer time for housing. On log releases, balconies were usually decorative; they were one of the main elements of home decoration.
The ends were lightly covered with carved boards, piers or valances, and the place where they met at the top of the pediment was covered with an anemone. The valance usually consisted of two or three boards decorated with slotted carvings in the form of semicircles, triangles, town ornaments and various holes.
Hairstyle and towel
A chimney rose on the slope of the roof - wooden box for removing smoke in smoking huts. To create draft, through holes were made in the chimney, which gave it significant decorativeness.
Dymniki in northern villages
Literature:
1. Makovetsky I.V. Architecture of Russian folk housing: North and Upper Volga region. - M.: Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1962. - 338 pp.: - ill.
Volokovy Window A small window cut out of two logs located one above the other. wooden log house. The inside is closed (covered) with a plank valve made of boards.
a small window cut into two logs of a wooden frame located one above the other, half a log up and down. From the inside, the fiber window is closed (covered) with a plank valve made of boards. In the smoking hut, smoke was released through the fiberglass windows.
Source: "Architectural Dictionary"
See what “Volokovoe Window” is in other dictionaries:
Volokovy window- – a small window carved into two logs of a wooden frame located one above the other. The fiberglass window is closed (clouded) from the inside with a plank valve made of boards... Builder's Dictionary
Volokovy window- a small window cut out in two logs of a wooden frame located one above the other, half a log up and down. From the inside, the fiber window is closed (covered) with a plank valve made of boards. In the chicken hut through the portages... ... Architectural Dictionary
fiberglass window- A horizontal opening closed with a latch, cut through two logs that are placed one on top of the other. Source: Pluzhnikov, 1995 Illustrations: Volokovoe window of the Trinity Church from the Rekon Hermitage in the Novgorod Museum of Wooden Architecture... ... Dictionary of Temple Architecture
fiberglass window- porthole window In the old days in huts and bathhouses: a small opening in the wall or ceiling for smoke to escape. The smoke was coming out of the fiberglass window above the door: the hut was heated black... Dictionary of many expressions
Wed. window, window, window, little window, detracts. window, little window; window, window; an opening in the wall for light; in mud huts and shacks, this is sometimes a simple hole, almost completely plugged in winter; in Sib. to the Caucasus etc. the window is covered with peritoneum, in our case... ... Dictionary Dahl
This term has other meanings, see Window (meanings). Window view from the outside A window (window opening) or stained glass window specially conceived in the design of the building architectural detail construction: an opening in the wall, an employee... Wikipedia
portico window- see fiber window... Dictionary of many expressions
Window- an opening in the wall for lighting the house in daytime. In early forms Russian. dwellings (in chicken huts) O. also served to release smoke. Up to the 19th century. to the cross. In the huts, a fiberglass window with a sliding shutter (from the inside) was used. O., ... ... were widespread in Siberia. Russian humanitarian encyclopedic dictionary
Dykhlo- Volokovy window. (Terms of Russian architectural heritage. Pluzhnikov V.I., 1995) ... Architectural Dictionary
Stick to your old friend and your new one at home! The hut is covered with Ilyinsky planks (that is, straw). Heaps of living mansions and sewn fur coats! I bought a house with brownies. A house is a home, but a brownie is a gift. Make a stable, and then some cattle! It's like Sunday, it's housewarming (i.e.... ... V.I. Dahl. Proverbs of the Russian people
The most ancient type of window in Rus' was a narrow fiberglass window. It was made in the simplest, most accessible and primitive way, cutting out a piece from one log, from which the wall of the hut was built.
The fiber window was a long quadrangular slit, extended horizontally. Smoke often came out through this opening, which filled the entire hut during the heating of the Russian stove. The volok window was closed with a wooden latch, which was called a “volok” - and it was thanks to this latch that the window got its name.
Gradually, the fiberglass type of window was replaced by a window of a more complex and advanced design, which was called “slanting”. The slanted window was based on a wooden quadrangle or log, inserted into a special window opening made in the wall of the house. It consisted of two side jambs, which is where its name came from, an upper lintel and a lower board - the window sill. Practically in its appearance, the slanted window was not much different from appearance modern windows framed from .
A window was inserted into the deck, which represented wooden frame, to which were attached plates of mica or ends made from pieces of bull's bladder, which were the predecessors of modern window glass. They almost did not let in any light, but in songs and fairy tales they were always called “crystal”. And indeed, this was the only opportunity at that time to provide at least minimal access to light into the Russian hut.
Important integral part The slanted window had platbands. They covered the gaps between the wall and the deck and were sure to be covered with a beautiful decorative ornament in the traditions of folk art of that time. The platbands were most often carved and were real works of folk applied art. Sometimes the platbands were painted by hand using paints. These features of window design are reflected in the saying “The shutters are carved, the windows are painted.”
The upper casing, which was called “kokoshnik” because its shape was really similar to this type of festive women’s headdress, always had a schematic or stylized image of the sun in the center. Solar symbolism was extremely popular in ancient times. It was believed that the image of the sun could give the members of the family living in the house good health, longevity and bring financial well-being. To the right and left of it were images of goddesses - stylized drawings of zoomorphic figures protecting the house from evil spirits.
The side frames, which were called “towels,” due to their resemblance to decorative linen towels, lavishly decorated, were also covered with ornaments, usually associated with the symbolism of images of earth or water. The entire window ornament was a single complex image, which had an important ritual and protective significance and served as a talisman for the house against the penetration of evil spirits and evil spirits.
A small window carved into two logs of a wooden frame located one above the other. The inside is closed (covered) with a plank valve made of boards.
View value Volokovoe Window in other dictionaries
Window- Wed window, window, window, little window, diminish. window, little window; window, window; an opening in the wall for light; in mud huts and shacks, this is sometimes a simple hole, plugged in winter........
Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary
Window Wed.— 1. A hole in the wall of a building or the wall of something. vehicle, intended for light and air. // decomposition Windowsill. // decomposition Window frame. 2. Hole for........
Explanatory Dictionary by Efremova
Window- windows, plural windows, windows, windows, cf. 1. a hole in the wall of a building for light and air. A room with three windows. goes out into the yard. Double glazed windows. Cabin with a round window. Appeared in the window........
Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
Discount Window— An instrument offered by the Federal Reserve that allows member banks of the Federal Reserve to borrow funds secured by government or other eligible securities.
Economic dictionary
Window- -A; pl. windows, windows, windows; Wed
1. A hole in the wall of a building or the wall of something. vehicle for light and air; glass frame covering this hole.........
Kuznetsov's Explanatory Dictionary
Window— - 1. an opening for receiving or issuing something; 2. a free period of time during any
process.
Economic dictionary
Preferential Loans Window- preferential
loans provided under special
programs or in order to assist developing countries from international
banks and funds.
Economic dictionary
Window, Short-Term Improvement in Market Conditions— (1) A limited period of time during which an opportunity must be seized or it will be lost. For example, the period of time during which the new........
Economic dictionary
Window, Accounting— - "infusion" of liquidity into the banking system through lending by the central
bank of credit institutions or conducting operations with them on
accounting of bills.
Economic dictionary
Market Window- part of the market with unmet needs of certain groups of buyers.
Economic dictionary
Flew Out the Window— A term describing the rapid release of a highly successful new issue. securities among investors. A successfully posted issue is also called quick sale........
Economic dictionary
Account Window— “infusion” of liquidity into the banking system through central lending
bank of financial and credit institutions or conducting operations with them on
accounting of bills.
Economic dictionary
Discount Window— A method of supplying the banking system with short-term funds, consisting of the purchase by the central bank of Treasury bills (Treasury bills) or the provision of loans........
Economic dictionary
Window— 1. A temporary opportunity to obtain a loan or invest capital, which, therefore, must be taken advantage of. 2. The period during the day when they can........
Economic dictionary
Window- Formed from the same base as the eye - “eye”. Originally "a hole in the wall for observation."
Krylov's etymological dictionary
Preferential Loans Window— - a type of preferential loans provided under special programs or as assistance to developing countries from international banks and funds.
Legal dictionary
Account Window- (slang) - “infusion” of liquidity into the banking system by lending by the central bank to financial institutions or carrying out transactions with them to discount bills.
Legal dictionary
Window- , in computers - a rectangle placed on the screen, within which the contents of individual parts of computer memory or other drives are displayed. In the window you can.......
Start Window— , the period of time during which the launch must be made spaceship so that it reaches the required trajectory. There are multiple start windows for each launch.
Scientific and technical encyclopedic dictionary
Round Window- (fenestra rotunda) see Window of the cochlea.
Large medical dictionary
Oval Window- (fenestra ovalis) see Window of the vestibule.
Large medical dictionary
Oval Window Artificial— (fenestra ovalis artificialis) a hole formed surgically in the bone wall of the lateral, less often the anterior semicircular canal in order to improve the hearing of patients with otosclerosis.
Large medical dictionary
Window of the Vestibule- (fenestra vestibuli, PNA, BNA, JNA; syn. oval window) an opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity of the middle ear, closed by the base of the stapes, the vibrations of which are transmitted........
Large medical dictionary
Snail Window- (fenestra cochleae, PNA, BNA, JNA; synonym: round window, cochlear window) an opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity of the middle ear, closed by the secondary tympanic membrane.
Large medical dictionary
