Diagram of connecting the water heater to the water supply. How to properly connect a boiler: connection diagram to the water supply and electrical network Connecting the boiler

It is unlikely to be comfortable living in a house or apartment if there is no hot water. An electric boiler is used to heat water needed for bathing and technical needs. This type of heater, due to its small size, can be installed anywhere: in the bathroom, kitchen, toilet and even under the sink. If the connection is made correctly, there will be hot water constantly.

Variety of water heaters

In some cases, a boiler is the most successful solution to the problem of hot water. It is used in houses and apartments where there is no hot water. Many people want to know how to connect the boiler themselves.

Today the range of water heaters is very wide. There are differences in the heating method, capacity, tank shape, installation method, and so on.

General view of the water heater: in the form of a tank filled with water. The heater heats the water to a certain temperature and holds it for a certain time. As the required water is used, the volume of liquid in the boiler automatically increases and the water is heated again.

In a flow-through device, due to the operation of the heating element, the water is heated as it passes through the heating element. The temperature is regulated by decreasing or increasing the water supply. These devices are installed directly at the point of the water supply system. It is impossible to get hot water in the kitchen and bathroom at the same time from one device, since it is installed only in one room.

Preparatory work for installation

Connecting a boiler to water with your own hands is not a very difficult task, which any user can cope with.

Preparatory work includes:

Detailed study of the instructions supplied with the boiler.
Installing a boiler on the wall.
Supply of water supply pipes to the boiler. If the water heater is located in close proximity to water, the task is simplified. In another case, the water supply must be supplied to the boiler using additional metal or plastic pipes.

Take a tape measure, a cutter, a soldering iron for plastic pipes or welding, and a wrench. Purchase related materials - valves, fittings, tees, pipes or flexible hoses, tow and FUM tape.

General water connection diagram

Connecting the boiler to the water supply of any type of pipe is simple. All connection work begins with shutting off the water supply in the apartment.

The cold water supply connection (from top to bottom) is as follows:

An “American” installation is required when connecting the water supply at the entrance to the boiler.
Installation of a brass tee with a water drain valve. This item is mandatory when connecting a boiler for ease of draining the liquid.
Installation of a security system is a prerequisite for connecting the boiler to the water supply.

The system includes:

check valve - to prevent the outflow of heated water from the boiler in the event of a pressure drop in cold water or its absence;
safety valve - when there is pressure inside the boiler.

The security system of a switched on water heater is not always reliable. To protect yourself from trouble, you need to purchase a reliable non-return safety valve. The importance of security cannot be overstated.

The safety valve is important in the system. For example, the thermostat in the boiler has failed. In this case, the heating elements are automatically turned off, and the temperature of the liquid in the tank can reach 100 degrees. The pressure in the tank will quickly increase, which will eventually lead to the tank exploding.

Connecting an electric boiler

It is important to know how to properly connect a water heater with your own hands. The principle of operation is simple, so there should be no problems during installation.

At the initial stage of connection, it is necessary to perform the following work:

select the installation location of the device. It is important that all connecting elements have direct access, as this will make it easier to repair or maintain the equipment;
prepare the wall on which the electric boiler will be installed. It must be strong to support the weight of the tank;
prepare a water supply pipe directly at the installation site of the device. Otherwise, you will have to install additional pipes.

Heater installation diagram

An electric boiler has a high-power heating element (about 2 kilowatts). To avoid damage to the wiring, it must be connected to the power distribution panel using a cable of suitable size. It is important to use copper power wire.

To install an electric boiler you will need the following tools:

Self-connection of the device

You can install the boiler yourself, following simple rules.

The algorithm for connecting a storage device includes the following work:

installation of shut-off valves on the inlet and outlet pipelines;
installation of a check valve;
setting the water outlet from the device.

However, the installation process may differ slightly depending on the type of pipe used in the water supply system. Let's look at how to connect a boiler to pipes made of polypropylene, plastic or metal. The storage boiler is connected to polypropylene pipes.

For installation of pipe fittings made of polypropylene, you will need the following tools:

soldering equipment for this type of pipe;
pipe cutter

Additionally, you can purchase tees for this type of pipes and valves. To connect polypropylene pipes you need an MPH type coupling. It is important to know how to connect a water heater to the water supply in the apartment.

Connection sequence:

Connection to a metal pipe

Connecting a storage electric boiler in an apartment or private house is simple. This is due to the fact that metal pipelines are laid exclusively on the surface of the walls or floor of the room.

So, to connect the storage heater to the water pipe, you must do the following:

cut off pipes from the water supply;
cut off metal pipes;
install sections of pipe tees;
Additional segments of metal pipes are inserted into the tee branches, or flexible hoses are directly connected after the valves.

Connecting a boiler to a steel water supply

The existing list of components for metal water pipelines will solve the problem of connecting a boiler to a water supply system made of steel pipes without welding. This applies to the “vampire” tee, which is installed directly on the surface of the steel pipe. Using such devices, you can connect not only a heating boiler, but also a washing machine, dishwasher and other devices to a metal water pipe without welding.

The “vampire” tee is a metal clamp, on the side of which there is an inlet channel with a pre-cut thread. The tee is fixed to the outer surface of the pipe, cleared of paint and dirt, through a rubber lining and clamped with fastening screws.

After installing the tee, a drill bit is drilled onto the metal protective sleeve through the pipe in the side surface of the pipe. Naturally, all work is carried out in a closed water supply. After this, the thread is screwed into the ball valve, which is a flexible hose at the inlet to the boiler or other equipment.

Stop Valve Installation

When installing a storage heater, you need to know some features of installing shut-off valves. Installation work is carried out in the following sequence:

But to prevent damage to the water folding device, it is better to mount this device directly on a branch from the water supply main.

Connecting an instantaneous heater

An instantaneous electric water heater is mounted directly into a branch of the pipeline provided for hot water supply. You need to know how to properly connect the boiler to the water supply. It is necessary to follow the instructions exactly and study the boiler diagram before doing this.

The connection goes like this:

Shutting off the water supply.
A gap is created in the pipeline.
Valves are installed at the ends of the breaks.
The instantaneous heater can then be dismantled for repairs without shutting off the water supply.
The inlet and outlet of the feed heater are connected to flexible underwater hoses to the shut-off valves.

Please note that when dismantling the device, first close the shut-off valve in the inlet pipe, and then at the outlet. Also, when using a flow-through heater, the water is turned on first, and then the heater is turned on. When there is no longer a need for hot water, the power is first turned off.

Before working with pipes, you can first practice on their scraps. This way you can avoid embarrassing mistakes.

Test procedure

The correct connection to the water heater water supply is completed; you need to fill it and check the tightness of the connections. Test procedure:

Open the hot water tap to remove air from the tank.
Open the tap on the cold branch.
When working with water supply, it is necessary to carefully examine all joints for leaks. If leaks are found, repair them before filling the device with water.

The advantage of an electric boiler over other water heating devices is its versatility. The storage tank is suitable for any apartment and private house, since it consumes only 1.5...3 kW of electricity. Installation permission is not required; to save money, installation is carried out independently. We will tell you how to install a water heater and connect it to the water supply with your own hands in this manual.

Choosing a boiler - how many liters will be needed

We decided to touch on this topic, since the normal supply of hot water to the house (abbreviated as DHW) depends on the volume of the water heater. Buying a tank with a large supply of water is also pointless:

the heating time to a comfortable temperature increases;
the price of equipment increases;
The installation of a storage water heater becomes more complicated due to the large weight of the device + a decent volume of water.

Advice. If you only need a heater for washing dishes, it is better to buy a low-power electric flow-through model, which is placed under the kitchen sink or instead of a faucet. Read how to choose the right one in a separate publication.

The capacity of the storage tank is selected according to the consumption of mixed (warm) water per 1 resident per day - 20 liters for hygienic needs, another 12 liters for household needs. How many liters of boiler is needed in total:

for economical consumption, a family of 2 people needs 50 liters, for comfortable consumption – 80 liters;
3 people – 80...100 l;
4 family members – 100…120 liters;
5 or more residents who actively use hot water - 120...150 l.

Briefly about the principle of operation of the drive

To properly install and connect the water heater to utility networks, you need to know the structure and operating principle of the device. The design and operation scheme looks like this:

Reference. The power of the heating element is 1.5…3 kW depending on the volume of the tank. Some flat models of storage boilers are equipped with two electric heaters.

The design of vertical and horizontal type boilers is identical - the intake pipe is at the top, the supply pipe is at the bottom. This raises the main problem of servicing any storage water heater - it is impossible to drain the water through the tap. The issue is solved in different ways depending on the strapping scheme, which we will consider later.

Water heater installation instructions

Before installation, or better yet, at the purchase stage, we determine the location of the boiler. There are no restrictions - the device can be installed even in the attic or basement of a country house. These options are not excluded, but we recommend adhering to the following rules:

Food for thought. In the passport of the Termex water heater (Termex), the manufacturer indicates: if the user decides to install the device in a hard-to-reach place, he will be forced to pay for warranty service. In case of replacement, the heater is dismantled independently or at its own expense.

The horizontal version of the boiler cannot be installed vertically and vice versa. There are universal models that work in both positions, but in practice the water heater rarely has to be rearranged. Unless when replacing or moving to another place.

When installing the tank, observe the distances indicated in the drawing

Wall mounting methods

One of the disadvantages of storage units is their large mass. For example, a wall-mounted Ariston tank (50 liters) weighs 18 kg without water, gross - almost 70 kg. The net weight of a 100-liter water heater is 30 kg, the total weight easily reaches 130 kg.

Heavy boiler tanks have to be attached to different walls:

from dense materials - concrete, brick, wooden beams, logs;
from porous building materials - aerated concrete, foam blocks;
to frame-type partitions covered with plasterboard and OSB plywood.

Do-it-yourself installation of a water heater on a concrete wall is done using expansion anchors equipped with nuts. The technology is simple: we mark the attachment points along the standard tank bracket, drill holes, insert anchor bolts and screw the boiler with nuts. The depth of the hole and the length of the fastener is at least 7 cm.

An anchor bolt is held in concrete by expanding the end of a metal tube with a flare nut.

Note. Small devices of 30...50 l with one hanging bracket can be mounted on plastic dowels and hooks (or bolts). Water heaters with two brackets cannot be hung on hooks - you will not guess the exact position of the holes so that the load is distributed evenly over 4 points.

In log and timber houses, the problem is solved even easier - a bolt or hook Ø8-10 mm is screwed into a prepared hole of identical diameter. To hang a boiler on aerated concrete or porous brick, the following methods are used:

Lightweight water heaters with a volume of 30-50 liters are attached using plastic dowels designed for foam concrete (shown in the photo below).
Heavy tanks over 80 liters are suspended on special metal dowels into which bolts with regular metric threads are screwed.
On the left is a metal dowel, on the right is a plastic dowel
In materials with large pores and air spaces (for example, ceramic blocks), the boiler will be held in place by chemical anchors.
If the unit is placed in a boiler room or other utility room, where appearance does not matter, a round support from a strip and 2 steel pipes is welded. The tank is fixed to the wall with simple dowels.

The most difficult thing is to install a water heater on plasterboard structures, especially after renovating an apartment, when the bathroom walls are already tiled. Although 12.5 mm thick gypsum plasterboard sheets can withstand quite heavy objects, you cannot mount the boiler directly to drywall; the fasteners can break out at any time.

What techniques do craftsmen use when installing a water heater on a plasterboard base:

Connecting the boiler to the water supply - 2 proven schemes

Manufacturers of water heaters recommend connecting the device to the pipes of the water supply system in a straight line. That is, there are no fittings or fittings between the safety valve and the cold water fitting. How to make the recommended boiler piping:

Hang the unit on the wall in the desired position. Screw the safety group directly to the cold water pipe and, of course, seal the threads with flax or thread (FUM tape is not the best option).
Install a shut-off ball valve with a diameter of ½“ (DN15) in front of the valve.
Attach pipes to the threads of the faucet and the hot water fitting. The joints are made detachable - you need to use fittings with a union nut (American). It is allowed to use flexible hoses - ready-made braided hoses.
Place a flexible tube on the outlet of the relief valve, lower the end into the sewer, or better yet, into a transparent plastic bottle. Then you will be able to notice in time a faulty element or problems with pressure in the system.
To check the tightness of the joints, fill the container - open the hot tap on the mixer and water supply. Wait until water flows from the faucet.

Boiler tank piping diagram recommended by manufacturers. A vertically mounted tank is connected in the same way, only without turning the pipe

Clarification. When piping a horizontally mounted water heater (with side pipes), first install a 90° elbow on the inlet fitting, then a valve. The element's drain spout should point downwards.

The disadvantage of the scheme is the difficulty of emptying the tank to drain. If the boiler is installed in a country house or in a country house with periodic heating, it is worth using the piping with a drain valve shown in the picture.

A tee with a side valve appears between the check valve and the fitting, which serves to quickly empty the tank. A shut-off valve on the hot line is installed in one case - when the water heater is connected to the pipes of a centralized hot water system.

It is not necessary to install a second shut-off valve on the hot water line

Advice. To connect the device to the water supply, try not to use flexible hoses; it is better to approach the fittings with pipes - PEX-AL-PEX metal-plastic, PPR polypropylene. The lines do not last long and begin to leak in the middle of the night, when the pressure in the network rises to its maximum.

How to apply power

A storage boiler belongs to high-power household electrical appliances. The device must be powered from a separate cable line coming from the common distribution panel. How to properly connect a water heater to the electrical network of an apartment or private house:

To supply voltage from the panel to the boiler, use a three-core copper cable type VVG. Select the wire cross-section according to the power of the unit using the table.
The table shows the maximum power, so the cable must be taken with a reserve. For most heaters, 2.5 mm sq. wire is suitable.
To protect the supply line, install a differential two-pole circuit breaker with an operating current of 30 mA, as shown in the diagram.
Connecting a grounding conductor is a mandatory requirement of safety regulations.
To connect the wires to the contacts of the heating element, remove the protective plastic cover (usually held on by 2-3 screws).
It is not necessary to install an outlet for the water heater. But if the device is equipped with a factory plug, then the socket can be carefully placed on the side of the tank.

Important point. Do not mount the outlet directly under the water heater, where it could become flooded in the event of an accident. The entire process of strapping and connecting the drive is shown in the video:

Conclusion

There is no point in hiring craftsmen and paying money if you are able to install and connect the water heater yourself. The procedure is quite simple, except for one operation - hanging a heavy tank on the wall, here it is better to call an assistant. In addition, professional installation is not always the case; installers often do everything correctly, but inaccurately.

A domestic water heater can be used to equip apartments, country houses and cottages. It is quite possible to install the device yourself, having first read the relevant instructions.

Water heater installation sequence

What you need to do before connecting the water heater:

Choosing a suitable location. Before this, all parameters of the devices are measured in order to provide a certain margin on each side.
Decide how many water intake pipes are needed that go to the bathroom, kitchen, toilet, shower, etc. The number of taps directly affects the power of the device and the complexity of its installation.
Collect electrical wiring information. It is necessary to collect data on the cross-section and maximum load of the cable, because Negligence in this matter can result in the most dire consequences. If you are not confident in your abilities, it is better to seek advice from an experienced electrician: he will be able to explain the connection procedure and decide what power device you need to purchase. If it turns out that the existing wiring is too weak, you will have to install a separate cable for the water heater.
Find out what quality of water should be in the system. It is advisable to supply filtered water to the boiler. If the water in the house contains various impurities, it is recommended to install a filter system: this will make it possible to preserve the working surfaces of the heating elements.
Decide on the optimal type of water heater. They can be flow-through or have a storage system. The size and manufacturer of the household appliance are also of great importance.
Having decided on the model, you also need to select the type of device. Water heaters are wall-mounted, floor-mounted, vertical and horizontal.
Mounting the device. This needs to be done as firmly as possible. It is important that the boiler does not wobble when touched: any movement of it during heating is strictly prohibited due to safety precautions.
The water heating system must be completely sealed.
Submarine hoses must be of the highest quality. For this, it is recommended to use steel, copper, plastic or metal-plastic products.
The first testing after connecting the boiler should be carried out only when the system is filled to the maximum with liquid.

Installation of a domestic water heater

When connecting a storage water heater, it is important not to make a mistake with the orientation of the device in space: it happens that they try to mount a vertical model horizontally, and vice versa.

Step-by-step instructions on how to properly connect a storage water heater:

Conduct a preliminary inspection of the area where the installation will be carried out.
In small rooms there is usually little free space for additional household appliances. In such a situation, it is best to connect the electric boiler to the water supply in a special niche or plumbing box.
Devices with a volume of up to 200 liters most often provide the possibility of wall mounting. More massive water heaters must be installed on the floor to avoid breakages.
It is most convenient to install 50-100 liter boilers on a load-bearing wall, for which anchor bolts are suitable. Water heaters are not equipped with fastenings of this type, so they will have to be purchased separately. No savings in this case are justified: it is recommended to fix the device with the maximum possible number of brackets (mounted models over 100 liters must be equipped with no less than two pairs of brackets).
When installing a household water heater in a hard-to-reach place, it is important to think in advance about how it will be maintained. Low-quality models often break down, and repairs in cramped spaces cause certain difficulties.
It is mandatory to install a safety valve: it will protect the circuit from pressure surges and mechanical damage. It works very simply, removing excess water as the pressure increases.

The procedure for connecting an installed electric boiler

After the connection of the water heater is completed (all necessary communications have been connected), the following steps must be performed:

Turn off the hot water in the riser using the valve: this should be accompanied by a specific sound. If this is not done, the water treated in the boiler will be supplied to the public water supply.
Open the taps on the device. First, cold water opens, and after that, water flows from the heater.
Supply electricity to the boiler. The latest models of devices are able to start working on their own if the water is supplied correctly.

It is advisable to refrain from dubious experiments and unscrewing valves not according to instructions: such actions can provoke premature failure of the device. It’s better to play it safe and invite an experienced plumber to start the electric household boiler than to deal with the consequences of mistakes later.

How to connect a storage water heater at the dacha

As a rule, in dachas you have to deal with very low pressure inside the water supply system, which eliminates the possibility of using classic water heater installation schemes. The way out of this situation is a special container installed separately from the heater: the boiler tanks are filled from it. It is impossible to use a check valve in such a scheme. It is important to select the volume of the additional container as accurately as possible: it should be several times greater than the volume of the tank(s) of the device. The container for creating pressure cannot be closed (vacuum), so holes must be made in it.

It is better if such a tank has a float valve to adjust the liquid level. A tap or valve is installed on the pipe from the tank to the water heater. Before connecting the water heater, the pressure tank is raised into the attic: it should be located above the boiler at a height of more than two meters. If the cottage or country house will not be used in winter, the contents of the tank must be drained before the onset of frost.

Schemes for connecting boilers to the network

Water heaters are very dependent on the quality of electrical wires, so it is advisable to use copper electrical cables with a cross-section of 2.5 mm or more. To ensure high-quality operation of the device, a fuse or special protection will be required. Any type of boiler must be equipped with an RCD (residual current device). For ease of switching, a three-phase moisture-resistant type socket with mandatory grounding is installed closer to the water heater. Only low-power models are allowed to be connected in this way. High power water heaters will heat up the outlet when operating. As a result, it will fail very quickly: this may be accompanied by sparking and even fire of plastic parts.

To avoid such troubles, it is recommended to connect the water heater with an individual cable of the required cross-section. It is connected directly to the electrical panel, which eliminates the need for additional sockets and branches. This type of switching makes it possible to turn off the device only through a special machine, the main task of which is to ensure the protection and safe operation of the water heater.

If the device is not equipped with a fuse, it must be possible to adjust the sensitivity threshold. With very low settings the boiler will switch off constantly. It is recommended to equip powerful electric water heaters with 16 amp fuses.

Having decided on the model of the water heater, you need to think through all the nuances of its installation in advance. When carrying out it yourself, first of all you should take care of safety precautions. If you have the slightest doubt, it is better not to skimp and call a specialist to connect the water heater.

Connecting an electric storage water heater is a popular solution for producing hot water; you can install the equipment yourself. This device is installed to constantly obtain hot water; the EWH also serves as a backup source of hot water in the event of a temporary absence of hot water from the heating plant.

Design and operation algorithm of EWH

The storage water heater consists of the following main elements:

Heating element;
Thermal insulation;
Decorative body;
Control system;

Water heater tanks are usually made of steel; polymer ones are much less common. Vessels made of black steel have an internal surface coating of enamel and glass ceramics.

Another type of tank is vessels made of high-quality stainless steel. They have a higher cost, but this is compensated by their long service life. There are two threaded fittings cut into the tank - cold water inlet and hot water outlet.

Water heaters made of black steel are equipped with a magnesium anode - this device slows down the process of corrosion of the metal walls. The anode is replaced with a new set within the time specified in the manufacturer's documentation. This device increases the service life of the device, but the stainless tank is still superior to the black tank in this regard.

The heating element is a heating element built into the container. The heating element is installed on a thread and is easily replaced if it fails. The main cause of problems with the heater is the formation of deposits of hardness salts (scale), deterioration of heat transfer, overheating and subsequent combustion.

Thermal insulation is applied to the surface of the tank, usually by spraying. It is designed to maintain the temperature of the water, save electricity due to a decrease in the frequency of switching on the heating element, and maintain the accumulated volume of water at the desired temperature.

The decorative case is made of plastic or metal; control elements are built into it - a temperature set point indicating a thermometer (or digital display).

The operating algorithm of the device is quite simple. The device is filled with water from a water supply or water storage tank. The knob sets the heating temperature. The heating element turns on and heats up. When the set temperature is reached, heating stops.

When cooling down, heating is turned on regularly to maintain the temperature value. When water is consumed, the heating is switched on continuously.

Choosing a location for installing a storage water heater

When determining the installation location of the water heater, you must be guided by several criteria. Based on the installation method, storage EWHs are divided into three types:

Wall-mounted;
Floor-standing;
Built-in.

The capacity of wall-mounted EWHs has a limit of 200 liters, floor-mounted ones can hold up to 1000 liters of water, and built-in ones – from 50 to 1000 liters. The devices have various shapes - cylindrical, rectangular, cubic, combined. The connection method and the choice of installation location often depend on the shape. The shape and overall dimensions significantly affect the placement of the device.

Based on the orientation of the main volume, two types of products are distinguished - horizontal and vertical. The direction of the heating element depends on the orientation; trouble-free operation is guaranteed only if the heater is completely constantly covered with water. You can read more about choosing water heaters here.

The next important factor is the weight of the device (filled). The weight of wall-mounted models does not exceed 200 kg, however, not all walls can withstand this weight. If the density and reliability of the wall structure is low, the device will tear out the fastenings and come off. Therefore, in some cases, an auxiliary frame made of metal or slats is built to attach the water heater to the wall.

EWH should be placed in close proximity to water collection points. If the pipelines are long, the flow of hot water to the mixers begins only after the pipe has been properly heated. This requires a significant amount of heat concentrated in hot water. EWHs are installed in rooms with a constant positive air temperature.

When placing and installing EWHs, distances from building structures should be maintained. They are necessary for servicing and repairing the device.

Self-installation of a water heater

The installation process is divided into several main stages:

Stationary fastening;
Pipeline connection;
Connection to the power supply;
Checking and starting the device.

Stationary fastening

Floor-standing water heaters have adjustable legs or a special stand. Wall-mounted EWHs are mounted using three types of devices:

Wood screws with a diameter of 0.8 cm and a length of 60 – 70 mm for fixing into wooden walls and supporting structures;
Anchor bolts with a diameter of 12 – 16 mm (the diameter of the fastener depends on the weight of the “water heater”);
Screws with plastic dowels.

Standard fasteners are included with the product along with the support bar. The design of the support strip resembles a DIN rail and is designed to improve and simplify the mounting of the tank to the wall.

To carry out the work you will need the following tools:

Electric drill or hammer drill;
Hammer;
Wrenches, screwdrivers;
Construction level, tape measure, pencil (marker).

At the first stage, markings are made. The device is applied to the wall, its contours are marked. Then mark the attachment points. The EWH should be located taking into account the future availability of pipelines piping the device.

Holes corresponding to the size of the selected fasteners are drilled at the marking points. The fasteners are installed and the device is hung. The quality and reliability of the fastening is checked, the absence of the possibility of shifting or tearing off the fastenings.

Electric storage water heater wiring

Depending on the tasks of the device, connection diagrams for a storage water heater are divided into two types:

Direct connection;
Replacement connection.

With a direct connection, the cold water supply is connected to the device, and a hot water distribution circuit to the mixers diverges from the EWH. This scheme is used in the case of hot water production only by storage EWH.

Replacement connections are most often made in high-rise apartments. The device is connected as a bypass to the pipeline from the centralized hot water supply network. When the networks are disconnected for repairs in the summer, the water heater is included in the hot water distribution through the existing wiring and is disconnected from the hot water riser.

All types of water heaters are connected according to the general principle. A PSK, a safety relief valve, is installed on the cold water inlet pipe. There is an arrow on the valve body; when installing, it should be directed towards the device.

The valve performs several functions:

Function to protect the tank from rupture when pressure increases;
Check valve function;
Discharge of excess water.

PSK has a factory preset pressure. When excess pressure in the tank increases, it releases a small volume of water through a special hole. A silicone hose is connected to the hole and led into the drain or directly into the sink. The valve operates on the same principle when water is heated - it expands and the excess is discharged.

When the water is turned off, the PSK locks the water in the EWH - acts as a check valve. The valve is always included with the product.

The question often arises: the valve has started to leak, what should I do? At the same time, it stops leaking periodically. The answer is clear - the PSK needs to be replaced. In most cases, if the valve working element breaks down, it permanently loses its tightness.

Next, shut-off valves - ball valves - are installed at the inlet and outlet of the EWH. If the pressure in the water supply is high (more than 5 - 6 atmospheres), a reducer should be installed at the inlet of the water heater to reduce the pressure. Instead of ball valves, wall-mounted taps built into the finishing are sometimes used; the water heater is connected to them through flexible hoses.

Connecting the water heater to the power supply

The electric water heater has increased power and operates from a 220V network. Small volume devices - from 15 to 50 liters - can be connected to a regular network (if the quality is good and the wiring cross-section is appropriate). But it is better (and safer) to connect the water heater through protective safety devices:

Circuit breaker;
Residual current device - RCD;
Waterproof socket.

The machine protects the product from short circuits and overloads. The AB current strength is selected to be 16 A. The best option is to connect the socket to the panel with a separate line, but not everyone can do this on their own.

Checking and starting the device

To start the device, the tap at the cold water inlet is fully opened, the outlet from the EWH is opened, and the nearest mixer is opened slightly. The container is completely filled with water and the air is released.

The plug is plugged into the socket and power is supplied. The regulator knob (or buttons) sets the required water temperature. Heating occurs. The water heater is inspected for leaks. During the startup phase, you should not set high temperatures.

During further operation, maintaining excessively high temperatures can lead to rapid scale formation. The hot water temperature according to SNiP is no more than 55 degrees Celsius. For EWH, a value of 60 - 70 degrees will be sufficient.

The operating mode of the water heater is checked - the heating element is turned off at a given temperature. This is indicated by the indicator lamp.

Installing a storage water heater yourself is a simple process, accessible to any man with a minimum of skills and tools. During installation, it is necessary to comply with a number of conditions set out in the equipment documentation and the recommendations of this article.

Increasingly, an electric water heater is being installed in apartments and private houses instead of a gas water heater. It is easy to use and does not require special permission, design and other red tape, as with gas analogues. Even if the apartment has a hot water supply, the boiler will become a kind of reserve in case it is turned off. But such a seemingly simple electrical appliance must be correctly connected to the home water supply. Mistakes made can lead to boiler failure and even tank rupture due to excess pressure. Let's now look at how to connect a boiler to a water supply, and what types there are.

When considering electric boilers, we can distinguish two main types: flow-through and storage. Each of them has its own disadvantages and advantages, but they all perform one function - they provide hot water.

Storage boilers

An electric water heater with a large tank is called storage. It is convenient because you can make a small supply of water. If the pipeline is connected correctly, that is, a drain tap is provided, this reserve can be used when there is no water supply in the apartment or house for some reason.

The storage boiler consists of the following parts:

a tank of a certain water capacity, insulated with polyurethane foam, placed in an outer casing made of stainless steel or enameled steel;
There is a heating element installed inside the tank - heating element. Its power varies from 1.2 to 3 kW. There are models with “dry” heating elements. In them, the heating element does not come into contact with water, but is separated by a special flask filled with oil;
The operation of the heating element is controlled by a thermostat, and the magnesium anode protects metal surfaces from corrosion.

In operating condition, hot water is constantly under pressure inside the boiler, the temperature of which is set by the user.

An electric water heater with a volume of up to 150 liters is equipped with a heating element with a power of no more than 2 kW. Constantly maintaining hot water in it at a temperature of 60–65 o is considered economically beneficial.

Among the advantages of the device are the following:

The power of the heater is no more than that of a conventional iron; it allows you to connect the storage water heater to a regular outlet, but it must be grounded;
a simple connection to the water supply and electrical networks can be done independently;
smooth temperature control and long-term preservation of hot water emphasizes the efficiency and comfort of using the device;
You can run an autonomous hot water supply system from the boiler or connect it to the existing network as a reserve.

If we talk about the disadvantages, here we can highlight the large dimensions and weight, which complicates installation on the wall. If you need a small amount of hot water, you will have to heat the contents of the entire tank.

Flow type boilers

Such devices cut directly into the water pipe and heat water only when it flows. In order for the heating element to have time to heat running water, its power varies from 3 kW or more.

Under such a heater, it may be necessary to lay a separate branch of electrical wiring of a larger cross-section. But this does not mean that it will consume more electricity than its storage counterpart. The flow-through unit heats only the amount of water required for use, and not the entire tank. For example, to heat an eighty-liter water tank with a 2 kW heating element to 60°C, it will take about half an hour. During this time, 1 kW of electricity is consumed. A flow-through unit with a 4 kW heating element will immediately supply hot water to the shower within 15 minutes, using the same 1 kW.

The main advantages of flow models are as follows:

Electricity consumption occurs only when using water, and at the outlet it is supplied hot immediately after switching on;
Small dimensions allow you to mount the device in any convenient place.

Unfortunately, there are many more disadvantages:

installation of reinforced electrical wiring is required;
weak pressure of hot water at the outlet and the impossibility of directing it to different points from one unit;
stepwise temperature control is not very comfortable for using, for example, a shower.

Today, the price of flow-through models is decreasing, so it is possible to install several pieces at different points.

Installation of a flow unit

The instructions supplied with the product will help you connect the flow heater correctly. The scheme is quite simple. It involves inserting taps into the water supply system to connect the unit and supplying electrical wiring of the appropriate cross-section to it.

An instantaneous water heater can have two types of connection:

When using flow-through heaters, you must ensure that voltage is not applied without water in the pipes. Otherwise it may burn out.

Step-by-step instructions for installing a storage boiler

The installation diagram for a storage boiler is a little more complicated. Here you will need to correctly route the pipeline, securely secure the tank, and make electrical connections.

Choosing a location for the tank and its installation

The storage container takes up a certain space in the room, so it must be placed effectively so as not to take up unnecessary space. But at the same time, the boiler should be located as close as possible to the water supply points. The remote location of the water tap from the heater increases the wait for hot water to arrive.

Convenient placement of a storage boiler with a separate bathroom

The mounting location is selected according to the layout of the room:

The layout in a private house is different from apartments. Here the bathroom, toilet and kitchen can be located far from each other, and one boiler must supply hot water to all rooms. Here you need to determine the important room where heated water should be supplied first and install a water heater closer to it;
The traditional layout of the apartment provides for the combination of all these rooms, so choosing the location of the tank here will be easier.

Most often, the tank is installed above the toilet. It does not take up useful space and is located close to the sewer, which makes it convenient to drain water from the safety valve. The unit is secured to the wall with anchors. A water tank has a lot of weight, so if the wall is loose, an additional support is welded under it from a profile pipe.

Connecting the water supply

The optimal connection option is considered to be a circuit with the ability to drain water from the container.

The step-by-step execution of the work looks like this:

The house is disconnected from the cold water supply, and the hot water riser in the apartment is additionally shut off. The collection of all components of the circuit begins from the water heater suspended on the wall. To seal the connections, flax or FUM tape is wound around the threads.
At the bottom of the tank there are two threaded pipes. On the right is the cold water inlet, marked in blue, and on the left is the hot water outlet, marked in red. Packing begins with cold water.
A brass tee is screwed onto the inlet pipe. It must be turned with a transverse hole in a convenient direction to drain the water. A ball valve is screwed into the same hole through a brass adapter. A pipe with a hose for draining water is connected to it. A ball valve is also screwed into the downward thread of the tee to shut off the supply of cold water inside the container.
Now it’s time for the most important thing – the safety unit. The boiler is equipped with a safety valve, which is mounted immediately behind the lower valve on the tee. To install it correctly, there is a guide arrow on the body. On the side of the valve there is a fitting for bleeding water. A transparent reinforced hose is attached to it with a clamp and lowered into the sewer.
Original valves are not always reliable, so they often buy a “safety group” separately. It consists of a check valve installed on the tap coming out of the bottom thread of the tee. The safety valve is installed separately on the middle outlet of the tee.
Next, it remains to supply cold water. This can be done with any pipes, for example, metal-plastic or eco-plastic, if desired. In order not to cut the main water supply pipe, the connection can be made through a tee, installing it on the threaded connection of the toilet tank or washbasin tap.
The hot water unit is assembled in the same way as the cold one, only without a valve. In a private house, from the outlet of hot water from the boiler, pipelines are laid to water supply points. In the apartment, the water heater outlet is connected to the hot water supply pipeline. In this case, when the boiler is operating, close the tap on the riser supplying centralized hot water.

At this point, the water heater is connected to the water supply system, all that remains is to connect the electrical wiring and can be used for its intended purpose.

Connecting the boiler to an open container

Sometimes in a private house you can find an open water storage tank installed in the attic instead of a water supply. You can also connect a water heater to it in a similar way. The only condition is that the unit must be no closer than 2 m to the tank. And if a pressure of more than 6 bar is created, then a reducer is installed in front of the boiler.

There are 2 schemes for connecting to an open container:

Once all connections have been completed, the system is tested for functionality. If everything was done correctly, the room will be provided with hot water.

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