Dangerous situations in the bathroom. Bathroom safety rules

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Unless you resemble Schwarzenegger in size, try not to get between the bus and the crowd waiting for it. This is especially dangerous during icy conditions, when the ground at the stop is covered with a slippery crust of ice. You can be dropped and slightly trampled, pressed against the side of an approaching vehicle, or, most dangerously, pushed off the curb under its wheels when approaching.

Don't cram your arms, legs, and bags into closing doors in the hope that you can pull everything else in behind them. You just might get caught in the door.

Now for other tips related to traveling on public transport.

Do not get on or off the vehicle until it comes to a complete stop.

Do not lean against doors, do not stick your head or hands out of windows.

Inside a tram, trolleybus, and especially a more mobile bus, try to hold on to the handrails in case of emergency braking or stopping. The best point of support is the handrail above your head.

It is better to stand facing the direction of movement in order to be able to see the danger in advance and have time to react to it.

Umbrellas, canes, etc. pose a certain threat in case of sudden stops and braking. objects with sharp and protruding edges.

In the event of a collision and the inability to stay upright, try to group yourself while falling and cover your head with your hands, and ideally, see the landing site.

Any public transport, including electric ones, are fire hazardous. For this reason, after a traffic accident, it is advisable to leave the cabin as quickly as possible and move 10-15 meters to the side.

If the exit doors are jammed or there is a traffic jam, use emergency exits, do not wait until the situation becomes critical. Break windows using any heavy objects at hand.

In urban electric transport, during a fire, burning electrical wiring is dangerous. Therefore, it is better not to touch the walls and metal parts of the case again.

In the event of an accident, when the current-carrying wire is damaged, the safest places in a tram or trolleybus are seats. In this case, it is better to lift your feet off the floor and not lean on the walls and handrails.

You should get out of the electric vehicle by jumping, with both feet forward at the same time, without touching the handrails and other parts of the body, so as not to close the electrical circuit with your body. The indicated technique - jumping out - should be used even in cases where there is no visible damage to the structure of the trolleybus or tram and the power line.

Railway transport

Of the many modes of transport, we feel safest on trains. Unlike airplanes, they do not crash or skid on icy roads. Meanwhile, this is self-deception. According to statistics, far more people die in train accidents around the world than in plane crashes.

Here are some generally known rules that must be followed when traveling by train.

The safest places in the carriage are the compartment shelves located in the direction of travel. In case of emergency braking or a train collision, you are only pressed against the wall, while passengers from opposite shelves fly to the floor. The last person to fall after a complete stop is the one lying on the top shelf in the direction of travel.

The greatest threat to passengers is posed by the first and last carriages of the train. The first one is crushed and thrown out of the way in a head-on collision. With the latter, the same thing happens in a rear-end collision, only on an even more catastrophic scale, since, unlike the first, it is not buffered by the locomotive and the baggage car.

Do not overload the top shelves with things or secure them so that you do not become a victim of your own suitcases and boxes during sudden braking.

The emergency exit from the carriages is provided by quickly opening windows in the third and sixth compartments on the side of the transverse shelves.

A fire on a train is no safer than a plane falling from a height of 10 thousand meters.

If there is a real threat, immediately leave the carriage through the vestibule doors and emergency exits. As a last resort, knock out the window panes with improvised objects - stepladders, hard briefcases.

If there is heavy smoke in the carriage, cover your nose and mouth with a rag moistened with water - a towel, pillowcase, sheet, or a piece of torn clothing. In half-empty carriages you can move on your knees, as there is less smoke near the floor.

In crashes involving collisions and emergency braking, most injuries occur from falling from shelves. To avoid them or at least soften the blow, you should, in addition to securing your luggage, remove unsafe bottles from the tables, glasses in cup holders with spoons sticking out of them like daggers, etc.

Avoid leaning out of open windows. A stone thrown at a train flies at a speed of at least equal speed composition. Imagine what a stone flying at a speed of 60-100 km/h can do to your face. When going to bed on the bottom shelf facing the direction of the train, it is better to turn your head towards the aisle and be sure to curtain the window. Better like this, even if not the best reliable protection from cobblestones and glass shards than none.

Food. What does this have to do with the train? And despite the fact that passengers sometimes travel there for several days, there are no refrigerators in the compartments, but, on the contrary, there is plenty of heat. Given these conditions, getting poisoned by stale food is a piece of cake. And, by the way, there are only two places to suffer in this regard in the carriage, and the conductors usually close one to themselves.

Soap, towel, glasses, etc. It is better to use your own toiletries and cutlery. It is advisable to sleep in tights or pajamas. In general, the less contact you have with environment, the less you will itch later.

Tea, or rather, hot tea, or more precisely, freshly boiled tea. If you don’t want to cause trouble for yourself and other passengers, take boiling water only in parking lots or on flat sections of the tracks, when the carriage does not rock or throw from side to side, and be sure to fill glasses and mugs to no more than two-thirds of the volume, or better yet, use special deep jars, wrapped in a rag so as not to burn your fingers.

Lagging behind the train. The only advice is do not try to compete with the train in racing and jumping from a place into a moving carriage. Many people lose their legs, arms and lives in these competitions. On railway assistance measures are provided for passengers who are left behind by the train. You only need to contact the station duty officer or the station manager. They will help you - they will put you on the train, and the cargo will be delivered where it needs to be. So don't rush to jump on the platforms. It’s not your life that’s leaving you—it’s just a train.

And try to keep an eye on children on the platforms.

Storm

A thunderstorm poses a real danger to humans. In addition, it can become a source of emergency situations.

Thunderstorms often go against the wind. The distance to an approaching thunderstorm can be determined by counting the seconds separating the flash of lightning and the sound of the first clap of thunder. A second pause means that the thunderstorm is at a distance of 300-400 m, a two-second pause means 600-800 m, a three-second pause means 1 km, etc.

When a thunderstorm front approaches, you need to stop in advance and find a safe place. Immediately before the onset of a thunderstorm, there is usually calm or the wind changes direction, sharp squalls occur, after which it begins to rain. However, the greatest danger is posed by “dry” ones, i.e. thunderstorms not accompanied by precipitation.

In the forest during a thunderstorm, you should not stop near solitary trees or trees with their tops protruding above the forest level. You should take shelter among low trees with dense crowns. At the same time, we must remember that most often lightning strikes oaks, poplars, chestnuts, and less often - spruce and pine. And very rarely - in birches and maples. It is dangerous to be near watercourses, since during a thunderstorm even small cracks filled with water become a conductor for the flow of electricity.

In a thunderstorm zone, you should not run or make thoughtless, fussy movements. It is dangerous to move in a dense group.

Wet bodies and clothing increase the risk of being struck by lightning.

When a thunderstorm approaches, a person on a watercraft (boat, raft) must immediately moor to the shore. If this is not possible, drain the boat, cover it with polyethylene so that rainwater flowed overboard, and not inside the craft, but the polyethylene should not come into contact with the mast, propellers and water. Fishing should be stopped during a thunderstorm.

During a thunderstorm you should:

in the forest, hide among low trees with dense crowns;

in open areas, hide in a dry hole, ditch, ravine;

on the water - lower the mast or ground it to the water through a keel or oar.

During a thunderstorm you cannot:

lean or touch rocks and steep walls when moving in a thunderstorm;

stop at the edges of the forest, large clearings;

stop or walk in places where water flows or near bodies of water;

move in a tight group;

stop at higher elevations;

take cover near lonely trees or trees protruding above nearby ones.

Literature

1. V.M. Lapin "Human life safety". Textbook. - Lvov, 1998. - pp. 5 - 42.

2. Zheliba E.P. "Safety. Life activity." Textbook - Kyiv, 2001. - pp. 54-71, 142-151, 204-207, 227-230.

3. N.A. Kasyanov "Life Safety". Lecture notes. - Lugansk: VNU, 1998.

4. Rusak O.N. "Life Safety". - St. Petersburg, 2001. - pp. 150-151, 168-173.

The bathroom, one of the most important rooms in the house, often becomes a source of danger. A tiled room can undermine your health in three ways: here you can get physical injury, chemical poisoning, or even chronic disease.

But this is not a reason to give up hygiene. Making a room less “harmful” is not that difficult.

Physical threat

Typically, the bathroom floor is covered tiles. When water gets in, it turns into a skating rink. By tradition, the bath itself is enameled. This coating looks very impressive, it does not wear off for 30 years and remains extremely slippery all these years (even if it is dry). All this creates ideal conditions in order to fall and receive numerous injuries, fractures and concussions. Especially slippery surfaces are dangerous For:

children under 5 years old. Firstly, babies still have very poor balance control, and secondly, they have not yet developed the instinct of self-preservation, and when falling, they will not even try to grab onto something;
women after 50-55 years. Age-related and hormonal changes in the female body, characteristic of this period, make bones extremely fragile. After the half-century anniversary, it is easy to get a fracture even with a minor blow; it breaks especially often femoral neck- by nature this is an extremely delicate place. Such an injury is very unpleasant: the bone does not heal for a long time and there is a risk that after recovery one leg will remain shorter than the other.

What to do?

To make the bathtub and its floor more stable, you need special mats, which can be laid not only on the floor, but also in the bath itself. For this purpose there are mats equipped with suction cups, which rigidly fix their position. If you don't like the rug, attach it to the bottom of the bathtub anti-slip application. You just need to remember that such rugs must be on rubberized base, otherwise various microorganisms will quickly settle in them.

In addition, the surface of the bath itself can be coated acrylic- this will increase its durability and eliminate any slipping.

If you decide to change the floor in the bathroom, do not be fooled by the cold beauty of glossy tiles - this is the most “slippery” type of coating. Give preference matte porcelain granite. It is very difficult to lose your balance on it, even if it gets wet. This material is considered one of the most environmentally friendly, superior natural stone in strength and, unlike some types of finishes, does not become radioactive over time.

Chemical threat

Usually the bathroom is small in size and, as a rule, poorly ventilated. In this regard, the use and storage of chemical cleaning substances in it leads to the fact that the atmosphere of the room quickly fills harmful toxic substances. And they not only provoke poisoning, but can also accumulate in our body, leading to cancer and chronic diseases.

Biological threat

In the bathroom there are ideal conditions for the growth and development of fungus and mold- heat and humidity. Lack of proper ventilation, old pipes and high humidity lead to unexpected neighbors. There are over 100,000 types of fungi that can exist in the bathroom. Black Aspergillus settles there more often than others ( Aspergillus niger). If there is a black coating in your bathroom, then you are familiar with this type firsthand.

Fungi are scary not only from an aesthetic point of view. It is not the mold itself that poses a danger to our health, but millions of spores, which it releases into the surrounding space. We inhale them along with the air - this is how they end up in the respiratory and circulatory system. A healthy immune system successfully resists them. If the immune system is weakened, then black mold can cause bronchial asthma, allergic sinusitis, bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(often leading to death) and other diseases. Allergy sufferers, children and the elderly are most prone to the effects of mold waste products.

What to do?

The fungus must be removed. To eliminate the enemy completely, you need repair, during which professionals will treat the room with a special preparation.

If repairs are not yet part of your plans, you need to treat the damaged surfaces with hot strong solution of soda and washing powder(a spoonful of powder, a pack of soda in a bucket of water). This composition creates an alkaline environment from which the fungus dies. Unfortunately, the spores that it manages to release before death can hide deep under the tiles, and after some time the mold will be reborn. To prevent this from happening, treatment is carried out once every 1-2 months (or at the first appearance of fungi).

Prepared by Olga Kulinkovich, September 7, 2011.
Newspaper “Zvyazda”, original in Belarusian: http://zvyazda.minsk.by/ru/pril/article.php?id=85499

A bathroom can tell a lot about a person. This is a place of solitude with yourself, a place where you can forget about your worries, wash away all your troubles and think about something lofty. Bathroom design, a cabinet above the sink, toiletries, a carelessly thrown magazine - all this will tell a lot about you.

Minimalist design

People who choose a minimalist style for the bathroom are often organized, self-confident, and like to control everything. Clean smooth surfaces, everything is in its place, there is nothing superfluous - both in the bathroom and in life.

Lots of mirrors

We all want to make sure we look great when we leave the house. If your bathroom has more than two mirrors, it means you take good care of yourself. You can't rely on just one mirror, you need a second one as well. Depending on the size of the first two, you can also hang a third, just don’t go overboard and turn the bathroom into a mirrored room.

You are a creative person, boring bathrooms are not for you! Artistic paintings on the walls, bright wallpaper or colorful tiles give your bathroom a little personal touch that reflects your inner self.

Candles

There's nothing more relaxing than soaking in the bathtub. If you like to fill the bathtub with bubbles, dim the lights, light candles, and turn on calm music, you are a romantic person. This kind of relaxation is very important for you, don’t deny yourself a little pleasure.

Plenty of toiletries

Six various types face washes, a variety of bath products, body scrubs, moisturizing oils, shampoos and hair conditioners - all this abundance takes up a lot of space in the bathroom. If you recognize your bathroom, most likely you are a shopaholic. You are not one of those who will leave the store having bought one pair of boots.

Wide selection of reading material

You are a voracious reader. Magazines, newspapers, books, brochures... Everyone will find something interesting for themselves in your bathroom. Personally, you like to occupy the bathroom for a long time.

Do you recognize yourself? Next time you visit your friends, pay attention to little things like this in their bathroom. What are they talking about?

Health

No one usually thinks about any danger when basking in hot bath.

In fact, there are sometimes quite serious (and in some cases even fatal) health hazards lurking in your bathroom.

According to the Home Safety Council, home injuries were the fifth leading cause of death in the United States in 2007.

The most dangerous places in the house are bathrooms, kitchens and stairs. What is the danger?

1. There is water everywhere

The biggest danger in the bathroom can be nothing other than water - it is everywhere: in the shower, bathtub, sink. Many suffer injuries, sometimes fatal, due to falls. The problem is that sometimes water can be where it shouldn't be. Easy to slip on wet floor, if, for example, you didn’t close the curtains properly while taking a shower, and water leaked onto the floor.

Advice: Ideally, the shower room should be equipped with unbreakable glass or plastic door, and not just draw the curtain. To reduce the risk, be careful not to allow water to leak onto the floor when you take a bath. For example, you can install the curtain so that it falls inside the bathroom rather than hanging outside. To prevent the floor from being too slippery even if water gets on it, install tiles with an uneven surface.

There are also special mats that help prevent slipping and which can be placed near the shower or bathtub. Ordinary rugs can also be dangerous, so you should choose ones that absorb moisture well and do not slip on the floor surface. If you decide to make renovations, it would still be better to take care of special tiles on the floor.

2. Slippery bathtub or shower

When taking a shower or bath, we usually use by various means. The problem is that shampoos, conditioners, shower gels, scrubs, shaving creams and bubble baths settle on the surface and make it very slippery.

Advice: Bathtubs and showers should be cleaned regularly after use. This will help get rid of buildup on the walls. detergents and reduce the risk of slipping next time. Slippery surfaces are especially dangerous for the elderly or those with balance problems, so the use of special mats inside the bathtub or shower is especially recommended for such people.

3. Dazzling shine in the bathroom

Clean, sparkling bathrooms look great, but the combination of light, white surfaces and reflective objects (mirrors and chrome) can be disorienting. For people with poor vision, shine in the bathroom can cause serious harm, especially for older people. Also, with the blinding shine, you can easily not notice the water on the floor and slip.

Advice: Matting regular bright light bulbs can reduce shine in your bathroom. When decorating a bathroom, you can combine tiles with wallpaper that does not reflect light so much. You can also paint the walls in contrasting colors if one of the residents has poor eyesight or problems with orientation.

4. Electric heaters in the bathroom

People who want to heat a bathroom for the elderly, children, or those who are sensitive to cold temperatures often use electric heaters. Like other electrical appliances (hair dryers or shavers) that are used in the bathroom where there is a lot of water, heaters are very dangerous and can cause electric shock.

Another danger is that someone could slip, fall on the device and get burned. Any towel, mat or piece toilet paper near the device may cause a fire.

Advice: If keeping your bathroom warm is a must, install heating systems specifically for bathrooms. Or you can open hot water and warm it up with steam before an elderly person or child uses the bathtub.

5. Broken door in the shower

Glass shower doors gained popularity in the 1980s as an alternative to vinyl curtains. Basically, of course, they are useful. But sometimes they tend to beat when incorrect installation. They also break easily if you slip and hit them.

Most doors are made from tempered glass, so they break into very small pieces. Even small pieces can easily cut themselves, especially for children and the elderly.

Advice: You don't have to replace the glass door if you already have one installed in your shower. Some glass doors have towel bars installed on them, so to reduce the pressure on them, ask your family not to hang towels on these bars. Instead, install a coat rack on the shower wall.

Check these doors regularly to ensure they do not develop small cracks. Make sure that the door does not scratch. Some craftsmen claim that frosted glass is more fragile than transparent glass, but there are no exact indicators of harmlessness yet. If glass door or the bathroom mirror still breaks, lay a towel on the floor so as not to step on the fragments, and then carefully clean and vacuum the bathroom when everything is dry.

The bathroom is one of the most important rooms in any apartment or house, despite the fact that it usually occupies a very small area. The bathroom should be extremely functional, safe and at the same time comfortable and relaxing. How to avoid the most common mistakes in planning and decorating a bathroom, provide everything you need and not try to save on vital costs necessary things Our article will tell you.

Cerasa

Choose the right materials for your bathroom

According to statistics, most home injuries occur in the bathroom, so experts categorically do not recommend using smooth floor tiles in this room. Just a few drops of water can be enough to turn it into a skating rink, which is especially dangerous if there are children or elderly people in the family. For the bathroom, choose slightly ribbed floor tiles, preferably with a special anti-slip coating, for example, textured artificial stone.

Tiles imitating appearance wood, will help create coziness in the bathroom, Ceramiche Gardenia Orchidea

You should also pay attention to the ceiling finish. Popular and a budget option finishing is plastic panels, however, you should remember that they will definitely not save you from a possible leak, and besides, unappetizing stains will remain on the surface. It is currently considered optimal suspended ceiling, which will reliably protect even from a large-scale flood from above. To drain the water accumulated in the ceiling, it will be enough to make just one small puncture of the surface.

Correctly calculate the number of tiles

There is nothing more disappointing when you only need a couple of tiles to complete your bathroom, and the store cheerfully informs you that this collection has already been discontinued. Alas, errors in calculations required quantity material is a very common phenomenon, which is why you need to be as careful as possible when taking measurements and take tiles with a reserve.

Don’t be afraid to combine tiles with mosaics - it looks very impressive, Lea Caramiche

Memo: when laying tiles diagonally, you should take 15% of the required amount, when laying horizontally - 10%.

Don't skimp on faucets

If the goal is to save money, prioritize correctly: italian tiles from a fashion designer or a bathtub with a hydromassage are by no means essential items, but a leaking faucet that does not regulate the water well can definitely ruin the life of the whole family. Instead of regularly replacing one low-quality faucet or toilet with another of the same level, it is better to choose from the very beginning, albeit not the most stylish, but reliable option.

Rubinetterie F.lli Frattini

Take care of high-quality ventilation of the room

We tend to underestimate things that are invisible at first glance. One of them is the ventilation system, which is more important in a room with high humidity than anywhere else. To prevent it from starting up in the bathroom mold and similar untidiness, check the quality of work natural ventilation indoors and install forced (fan) ventilation if necessary.

Advice: An additional fan sometimes turns on automatically along with the lighting, however, this is not always convenient. It is better to provide for forced ventilation autonomous switch.

Pay attention to the height of the bathtub and sink

Obviously, the sink should be at a comfortable level for the user. As a standard, this height is 85 cm from the floor and is designed for people with a height of 1.65 to 1.85 cm. Accordingly, if the height of family members differs significantly from the standard, it makes sense to choose a hanging model and install it at a comfortable level.

The wall-mounted sink can be equipped with additional rails and cabinets, Cosentino Group

Very often, due to the laying of additional pipes, it is necessary to increase the height of the floor or install the bathtub on a podium. In this case, it is also necessary to take into account that a high side in combination with a podium can be inconvenient, especially for short people, which increases the risk of slipping or injury. In this case, you should choose a different bathtub model, abandon the podium or provide steps or steps in it.

Memo: if the bathtub is built into a tiled podium, do not forget to provide a hatch in it, in case you need to change pipes or repair something.

Do not install a toilet opposite the entrance - it is not a throne

The toilet is, of course, an important and necessary thing, but it is still not worth making it the center of the bathroom interior. It is advisable that it is not located opposite the door and does not fall into the line of sight from other rooms. Sometimes it makes sense to install it diagonally or hide it behind a small wall projection or partition if we are talking about a combined bathroom.

Ceramica Cielo

Memo: remember that expanding wet areas, moving the toilet to another place and combining the bathroom can only be done in agreement with the housing inspection.

Make the right choice: shower or bath

Most of us want to pamper ourselves spacious bath, however, objective reality is often far from the dream. In a small bathroom, it makes sense to install not just a shower stall, but one that will take up minimal space.

A minimalist shower will not visually clutter the space and will not take up much space, Dimasi Bathroom

Advice: optimal options For many, a combined model, which is a hybrid of a cabin with a splash screen and a full-fledged bath, can be a good choice.

Combined bath and shower, Jacuzzi Europe

Take care of lighting

Few of us can boast of a bathroom with a window. Accordingly, there are no natural sources of lighting, which means you will have to make the most of it artificial sources. Recommended layout: built-in ceiling lighting around the perimeter of the room and additional lamps near the mirror in front of which you apply makeup or shave, and in the sink area.

Options for placing additional lamps in the sink area, Kerasan

Memo: in the bathroom, the location of lighting sources should be planned at the renovation stage, since due to high humidity, all lighting fixtures require additional insulation and grounding.

As much as you might want to avoid clutter in your bathroom, you can't do without storage. Additional hanging shelves in the corner, baskets for dirty laundry, a cabinet or a neat box for small items - all this will require its own space, which should be provided for in advance.

Built-in wardrobes with glass doors in the bathroom, Falper

For fans of order and minimalism, built-in niches or cabinets with closed doors hiding numerous vials and jars from prying eyes can be a way out.

An unusual solution for a storage area, Moma Design

Memo: In addition to plumbing fixtures, the bathroom must have furniture for storage, at least minimally. Towels, detergents and cosmetics, hair dryer, etc. it must be kept at hand, and not in another room, otherwise there can be no talk of any comfort.

Remember the outlets

Some seemingly insignificant details can significantly ruin your life and mood. One of them is the lack of sockets, because in every room modern house there are quite a few available equipment. In the sink area, it is worth providing at least one socket with special protection against water ingress, and also provide additional sockets for washing machine, boiler, etc. devices.

A socket for a hair dryer, electric razor and other devices will definitely come in handy, Duravit Italia