Let's start with the fact that the best school is the one that suits you personally, your physical form and vision of yourself in martial arts. You can succeed in any of them if you have the desire - but to master the heights of sumo, an asthenic person, for example, will have to spend more time. In the end, martial arts are the same training, only with striking or throwing techniques.
Various areas of martial arts are developing different qualities and even muscle groups. Some of them teach you to use the opponent’s energy, others are aimed at practicing powerful punches, others - with legs, and others will build up endurance or develop jumping ability.
In some ways, martial arts are reminiscent of yoga: in them you can find your spiritual path, or you can take only the technique and learn to stand up for yourself. Below is a description of the most popular types of martial arts that will help you decide on the choice of school.
Jujutsu
This martial arts is suitable for those who want to learn self-defense techniques. Jiu-jitsu emphasizes the fighter’s skills on the ability to defend himself, free himself from holds, and use tactics not of attack, but of using the enemy’s strength to his advantage.
Kicks and punches are present, but the technique does not descend into hand-to-hand combat. The main thing here is the effective use of energy (your own and others), which allows you to defeat a larger and stronger opponent. Jiu-jitsu is not an aggressive type; this martial art improves dexterity and dexterity.
Taekwondo
This Korean martial art is so popular that in 1988 it was included in the program of the Olympic Games. Translation of the name into Russian: “the path of the hand and foot,” which clearly hints at the upcoming mastery of the art of striking with all limbs. Taekwondo combines both attack and self-defense techniques; moreover, it is an exercise, an official sport, meditative techniques and an entire Eastern philosophy.
In the modern state of taekwondo, the emphasis is on defense and control. The emphasis is placed on kicks from a standing position, since legs can reach further and cause more damage than hands. Martial arts techniques include various sweeps, painful holds, open palm strikes and grabs.
Aikido
One of the youngest martial arts in Japan. Just like many martial arts of the Land of the Rising Sun, Aikido includes physical and spiritual practices. It is also effective in developing strength, agility, and the ability to stand up for oneself - regardless of physical characteristics. Aikido is an art of defense for everyone, because there are no restrictions on age or physical development.
Aikido techniques mostly involve using an opponent's attack, controlling his energy, strength and movement, which ends with throws or grabs. The name itself reflects this: “aiki” means “connection with power”, “do” means the path.
Wushu
A very spectacular full contact sport. This Chinese martial art has a lot of strength, acrobatics, jumping, balancing, beautiful poses and strikes (like in the movies). Another name is kung fu, since the term “wushu” itself refers to all traditional Chinese martial arts.
There are hundreds of subtypes of wushu, in some places there is more acrobatics and “stagecraft”, in others there are more powerful strikes and techniques, sweeps and “twirls”. The main thing you need to know before choosing this martial art is that wushu develops strength well, and the fighting styles taught in Russian kung fu schools are reminiscent of Thai boxing.
Judo
Translated from Japanese - “soft (flexible) path.” Judo is based on throws, painful holds, and choking. Movements should be economical in terms of physical strength, there is less waste of energy, but more improvement of the spirit, more self-defense, more sports training. More than 20 million people practice judo all over the world, as it has a good educational character and teaches harmony of soul and body.
Unlike boxing, karate and other striking styles, judo explores hand-to-hand combat techniques only for throwing and grappling. This martial art formed the basis of other modern martial arts: the creators of aikido, sambo, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu practiced it.
Despite the sports orientation and adherence to the rules of the competition, no one would want to meet a judoka in an extreme situation. These are always prepared people who will repel any villain in a dark alley.
Sambo
Sambo is a system of self-defense without weapons, which was developed in the USSR. The martial arts are based on judo, Armenian koch, Tatar kuresh and many other martial arts.
Practical sambo is based on a complex effective techniques defense and attack, which have already been practiced over centuries of donor martial arts. It is noteworthy that sambo is constantly developing, incorporating new techniques and techniques into its arsenal. The philosophy of martial arts is reminiscent of the principles of the GTO: physical development, readiness for self-defense, detaining the enemy, instilling moral fortitude.
Karate
Or karate-do, translated from Japanese as “empty sleeve.” From 2020, martial arts will become an Olympic sport, although initially it was a hand-to-hand style for self-defense.
Nowadays karate is incredibly popular, in part due to spectacular demonstrations. Masters at demonstration performances show the strength and power of practiced blows, breaking thick boards with a palm strike or splitting blocks of ice.
Unlike many Japanese martial arts, karatekas do not use holds, painful or choking techniques. But they know how to hit the opponent in vital points of the body with precise and powerful blows. Crushing and biting urakens, spectacular and swift ura-mawashi-geri... Perhaps you cannot find a more Japanese style.
Boxing
Boxing is a classic that there is no point in talking about in detail. It is only worth mentioning that this sport produces fighters who REALLY know how to work with their hands, and it is difficult to compete with them in a street fight. By the way, does everyone remember the fight between UFC star Conor McGregor and professional boxer Mayweather? Same thing.
If you want to sign up for a boxing class, you should know about some nuances. Firstly, it is difficult for a boxer to cope with an armed opponent, and secondly, with kicks. The third point is that in an extreme situation you will not have gloves, a referee, ropes or a girl with a sign. On the other hand, dodging punches and knocking out is in the blood of boxers, so attack and defense are balanced here.
Thai boxing
Muay Thai is a martial art in Thailand; it is very popular all over the world and competes with karate, judo and sambo. Perhaps this is the art of combat that is closest to a real fight. The rules are tough here, but the blows are the same. Here there is full contact, striking techniques with hands and feet, and the targets are the most vulnerable places on the body.
Grappling and throwing are also important, especially chokes. If you master this martial arts, you will be able to confidently walk through the most dangerous areas of the city (but it’s better not to anyway), because the training will be harsh. The Thais are preparing real fighters without rules who can withstand any opponent.
You may find it difficult to balance training and... public speaking at work because sometimes you will have bruises on your face and grab marks on your neck.
Kickboxing
Another type of martial arts that prepares you for real fights. Kickboxing was formed by karate masters who did not want to obey the sports rules of martial arts. New style absorbed kicking techniques from several eastern directions and fist boxing techniques.
Kickboxing is popular in culture because it is spectacular, dynamic and somewhat “bloody” - full contact leaves cuts and bruises, so athletes usually use a mouthguard, a helmet (to protect the head from kicks) and a groin (for girls - a cuirass).
Kickboxers are similar to CrossFitters in that they build strength, endurance, coordination, speed and flexibility.
Professional boxers, Muay Thai, judokas, sambo wrestlers are always dangerous opponents. Choose a martial arts to your liking, but don’t forget: the best fight is the one that didn’t take place. In this sense, running can also be called a martial arts for real pacifists.
Types and styles of martial arts
Aikido is one of the youngest martial arts in Japan, founded by Morihei Ueshiba. Aikido is an art that synthesizes the study of techniques, spiritual, energetic, and psychological aspects of personality development.
Aikido is equally effective as a general strengthening and self-developing health system of exercises, and its applied part, which is universal remedy self-defense.
The practice of Aikido is very useful for people of any age, regardless of physical characteristics, is not of a religious nature, and is equally accessible to everyone.
Aikido is a synthesis of martial arts combined into effective system protection. In addition, it is also a dynamic form of meditation that is designed to solve most conflict situations.
Aikido is a unique martial art that originated in Japan at the beginning of the 20th century. Founder - Morihei Ueshiba (1883 - 1969). Aikido is based on the philosophy of harmonizing a person’s internal energy with the outside world. The formation of the personality of a person who studies Aikido occurs in the process of repeated practice of specific self-defense techniques. When performed properly, combat techniques turn into effective intra-articular massage. The main goal of Aikido is the formation of a healthy, creative and integral human personality, the harmonious and timely repayment of conflict through a certain technique and human behavior in an extreme situation. It should be noted that there are no restrictions or contraindications for practicing Aikido, either due to age or health. This allows you to work with young children, teenagers, people with diseases of the musculoskeletal system, poor eyesight, and even those with the absence of some internal organs lost as a result of amputation.
KICKBOXING
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Kickboxing is a sport that combines kicking techniques, borrowed from a number of martial arts, and fist boxing techniques. There are several types of kickboxing: full contact - with fights in the boxing ring, and light contact - with fights on the tatami. In the ring there are fights of such types of kickboxing as full-contact, low-kick and K1 format; on the tatami - semi-contact, light-contact, kick-light and solo compositions (musical forms).
During competitions, protective equipment is used: mouth guard, hand wraps, boxing gloves, protective groin guard, shin guard, foot guards and helmet. Clothing varies depending on the discipline: silk briefs, shorts or uniforms with belts. All types of kickboxing are very spectacular and are popular with fans all over the world.
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Kendo, which literally means “way of the sword,” is a modern Japanese fencing art that traces its history back to traditional samurai sword techniques. Kendo is an activity that activates both physical and mental strength, combining the traditional values of martial art and sports physical elements. The kendo fighter shouts out the name of the blow at the moment of attack, demonstrating complete control of the situation and the power of the fighting spirit. Kendo assumes the unity of three elements: “Ki (spirit) - Ken (sword) - Tai (body).
Wushu is a spectacular full contact sport. Modern Wushu includes two directions: Taolu and Sanda.
Taolu is a combination of gymnastics and martial art. Athletes are awarded points for the movements they perform: poses, kicks, punches, balancing, jumping, cutting and throwing. The duration of fights is limited in time and can vary from 1 minute (20 seconds, according to some styles) to over five minutes for internal styles. Modern Wushu athletes carefully practice acrobatic techniques such as 540- and 720-degree jumps and kicks, increasing the difficulty and improving the style of performance.
Sanda is a fighting style and sport very similar to kickboxing or Muay Thai, but combines a greater variety of grappling techniques.
Wrestling is an act of physical interaction between two people using force. An athlete attempts to gain an advantage or control over an opponent. Physical techniques used in wrestling: lock, grab and pass. Wrestlers try to avoid using technical elements that could lead to injury to their opponent. Many wrestling styles are world famous and have a rich history. There are different areas of wrestling that are used for both sports and entertainment purposes. In freestyle wrestling, leg grabs and techniques with leg action are allowed. The ultimate goal is to knock your opponent down or achieve victory due to an advantage in points.
TAEKWONDO
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Taekwondo is a Korean martial art. Usually translated as "the way of the hand and foot", but some translate it as "the art of kicking and punching". The popularity of taekwondo in recent times is the result of the evolution of martial arts. It combines fighting techniques, self-defense, sports, exercise, meditation and philosophy. Modern taekwondo emphasizes control and self-defense. The art in general focuses on kicking from a moving stance, using greater force and greater reach (relative to the arm). Taekwondo technique includes a system of blocks, kicks, punches and open palms, sweeps and fixing joints.
The unification of the various forms of taekwondo occurred in the 1950s, when the standardization of rules made it possible to create a full-contact martial art sport. The application of rules that allowed for non-stop combat, the introduction of protective equipment and changes in various techniques contributed to the creation of a separate and distinctive style.
The dynamic and sophisticated technique of the fight, together with the grace and flexibility of the athletes, attracted the attention of sports fans from all over the world. The popularity of taekwondo has grown to tens of millions of practitioners who have adopted the rich traditions and philosophy of martial arts. The introduction of a scoring system (PSS) and instant video replays (IVR) made it possible to create a transparent competition system.
Taekwondo is represented at the World Martial Arts Games, competitions are held in accordance with the rules of the World Taekwondo Federation (WTF).
Along with the development of the technical part in taekwondo, new forms of fights appeared. For the first time in 2010, 5v5 team battles were introduced in Moscow as part of the WTF World Tour. In this format, at the beginning of the match, two teams field one participant each for a short fight. Then the first pair of fighters is replaced by the next one.
This format was officially introduced in 2012 at the World Taekwondo Cup in Aruba.
Sambo is a relatively young form of martial art, combat sports and self-defense system developed in the Soviet Union. The word “sambo” is an acronym derived from the phrase “self-defense without weapons.” The origins of sambo lie in Japanese judo and traditional folk wrestling such as Armenian koch, Georgian chidaoba, Moldavian trynta, Tatar kuresh, Uzbek kurash, Mongolian hapsagai and Azerbaijani gulesh.
Savate is a European martial art, also known as "French boxing", characterized by effective punching techniques, dynamic kicking techniques, mobility and subtle strategy. Savate has a long history: this type of martial art originated as a synthesis of the French school of street hand-to-hand combat and English boxing; in 1924 it was included in the Olympic Games in Paris as a demonstration sport.
Savate competitions are held as part of the SportAccord World Martial Arts Games in accordance with the rules and regulations of the International Federation of Savate (F.I.Sav).
At the next SportAccord World Martial Arts Games in 2013 in St. Petersburg, F.I.Sav will represent 88 athletes who will compete in 3 disciplines:
Asso (L'assaut) - light contact: the fight is carried out with punches and kicks. The accuracy of the blows, fighting style and technical skill shown by the athlete are assessed. Accented strikes are strictly prohibited.
Comba (Le combat) - full contact: the fight is carried out with punches and kicks. The quality, accuracy, efficiency of strikes and the morale of athletes are assessed. Knockouts are acceptable.
Canne komba (La canne de combat): a type of fight in which athletes are armed with a long, light cane. This fencing art includes various striking techniques, blocks, feints and combinations. Hard blows are prohibited in this discipline. The athlete's equipment must include protective clothing, gloves and helmets.
Men (6 categories): 60 kg, 65 kg, 70 kg, 75 kg, 80 kg, 90 kg.
Women (4 categories): 52 kg, 56 kg, 60 kg, 70 kg.
Fights consist of 3 rounds, each of which lasts 2 minutes, with a 1 minute break between rounds.
Sumo is a type of wrestling that originated in Japan, the only country where this sport is still practiced professionally. Currently, amateur sumo is developing in 88 countries, which is considered as modern look martial art. Sumo matches are dynamic and entertaining with easy to understand rules. Touching the floor in the ring (dohyo) is only possible with the soles of the feet, the goal is to force the opponent to touch the floor with any other part of the body or push him out of the ring. There are 82 techniques with which you can achieve victory, they include various types of throws, lifts, and pushes.
THAI BOXING
Thai boxing or Muaythai is a martial art in Thailand, which has recently become on par with such famous martial arts as karate, aikido, judo and sambo. This combat is as close as possible to a real fight between two fighters. The term "Muay Thai" translated means "duel of the free" or "free fight". Muay Thai fights are fought with full contact and according to very strict rules. The basis of Muaythai is striking technique. Strikes to the enemy are applied at all levels: to the head, to the body, with arms and legs, elbows and knees. Grabs and throws play a very important role in Muay Thai. Since ancient times, Thai boxers have a saying - “One world - one Muaythai.” The power of Muaythai lies in unity, in traditions, in the continuity of generations, in the mystery of transferring martial art knowledge from trainer to student.
In modern times, Muaythai has proven to enjoy enormous television popularity, being a clear embodiment of the aspirations, hopes and efforts of athletes, as well as an example of mutual understanding between different cultures. In 2012, the popularity of Muaythai was confirmed by a nomination for an International Emmy Award for the television reality show “The Challenger Muaythai”.
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Boxing is a type of combat sport that involves two opponents of identical physique and power striking each other with their fists wearing special gloves. Fights last from 3 to 12 rounds, victory is awarded if the opponent is knocked down and cannot rise within ten seconds counted by the judge. This outcome of the fight was called a knockout. If the fight has not been completed after a set number of rounds, the winner will be determined by the referee's decision or the judges' scores. Different styles of boxing exist in many countries around the world.
Judo translated from Japanese language means "soft path". This modern combat sport comes from the Land of the Rising Sun. The main principles of judo are throws, painful holds, holds and chokes. Judo is based on the principle of unity of spirit and body and differs from other martial arts in the lesser use of physical force when performing various technical actions.
Professor Jigoro Kano founded judo in 1882, and in 1964 judo was included in the program of the Summer Olympic Games. Judo is a codified sport in which the mind controls the movements of the body; it has the most pronounced educational character in the Olympic program. In addition to competition, judo includes the study of technique, kata, self-defense, physical training and improvement of the spirit. Judo as a sports discipline is a modern and progressive form of physical activity. The International Judo Federation (IJF) has 200 affiliated national federations on five continents. More than 20 million people practice judo, a sport that perfectly combines education and physical activity. The IJF organizes more than 35 events every year.
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Karate or karate-do is a martial art that came from Japan, from the island of Okinawa. Initially, this set of techniques existed for self-defense without weapons, using only hands and feet. It took years of development for martial arts to evolve into modern sport karate. Now in competitions, dangerous techniques are prohibited, and contact combat is allowed, but does not allow injuries to the face, head and neck.
Faking a non-existent injury is considered a serious violation of the rules. The malingerer fighter is subject to sanctions (“Shikaku”). Exaggerating the effect of a real injury is also not welcomed and is considered undignified behavior.
During tournaments, kumite and/or kata competitions may be held. Kumite is held in individual and team categories. In the individual category, competing athletes are divided by age and weight. Regular kumite matches for men last three minutes, for a medal - four. In the women's category - two and three minutes, respectively.
To open an account, a fighter must perform a technical technique by attacking the opponent’s corresponding zone.
Judges' scores:
IPPON
Three points
VAZARI
Two points
SKO
One point
When awarding points, the following criteria are taken into account: form of execution, sportsmanship, speed of execution, attentiveness (ZANSHIN), timeliness and distance.
IPPON is awarded for jodan strikes and any technique on a fallen or falling opponent.
VASARI is appointed for blows of chudan.
JUKO is assigned for chudan or jodan tsuki and jodan or chudan uchi.
Attacks are carried out only in the following areas: head, face, neck, stomach, chest, back and side.
JUJUTSU
Jiu-jitsu is a general name used for a fighting system that is almost impossible to clearly describe. This is hand-to-hand combat, in most cases without the use of weapons, and only in some cases with weapons. Jiu-Jitsu techniques include kicking, punching, punching, throwing, holding, blocking, choking and tying, as well as the use of certain types of weapons. Jiu-jitsu does not rely on brute strength, but on dexterity and dexterity. Application minimal effort to achieve maximum effect. This principle allows any person, regardless of their physical shape or physique, to control and use their energy with the greatest efficiency.
FENCING
Fencing belongs to the “family” of combat sports that use edged weapons. From time immemorial, people have tried to invent a weapon to protect themselves from animals and other threats; the history of the development of fencing serves as clear confirmation of this.
Modern fencing uses the rapier, epee and saber. Competitions between men and women are held individually and in team competitions. The differences between types of weapons lie in their shape and the size of the affected surface. The judging rules for each weapon are different, and the strategy for getting points is accordingly different.
However, all types of fencing have common features that combine elegance and tactics, movement and reaction, and the interaction of mind and body. Concentration and coordination are elements required for all fencers. As well as the expression of respect and courtesy towards the opponent, the referee and the audience, which is demonstrated by the traditional fireworks before and after the fight.
Following the first World Martial Arts Games in Beijing in 2010, fencing has been included in the second World Martial Arts Games in St. Petersburg in 2013, where 96 top athletes will compete. Fights are held in accordance with the rules of the International Fencing Federation (FIE)
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Kempo is a type of ancient martial arts that originated in Japan, which is a combination of many martial arts techniques. The active spread of kempo throughout the world gave rise to the emergence of many martial arts, such as karate, judo, jiu-jitsu, etc. Currently, the name “kenpo” is often used as a term for martial arts in general.
Kempo, as a modern sport, is being developed by various international organizations. The largest international organization developing kempo is the International Kempo Federation ( IKF )”, which has branches in more than 50 countries. In many countries, kempo is an officially recognized sport.
In Russia, the Interregional public organization “Universal Karate Federation” has been promoting and developing kempo since 2002. In November 2012, the Universal Karate Federation was reorganized and registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation as the All-Russian physical culture and sports public organization for the development of mixed martial arts "Federation of MMA and Kempo of Russia", which has its own structural divisions (regional branches) in 43 regions of Russia.
Kempo competitions are held in two sections: combat and traditional sections.
In the combat section, athletes fight in six disciplines: MMA Kempo,
“full kempo”, “knockdown kempo”, “K1 kempo”, “semi kempo”, “submission”.
In the traditional section, competitions are held in four disciplines: “Kempo-self-defense”, “Kempo-self-defense with weapons”, “Kempo-kata” and “Kempo-kata with weapons”.
KARATE Style Shotokan
Shotokan (or Shotokan) is the most numerous style of karate throughout the world. Its founder is Gichin Funakoshi.
Funakoshi declared the main principle of karate to be the concept that “attack has no advantage,” or “karate is not a weapon of aggression.” Thus, he emphasized the idea of humanity that he preached in karate-do. However, in addition to the philosophical meaning, this motto also contains a practical meaning, namely that the attacking arm or leg of the opponent turns into a target for the defender and can be hit by a powerful block or counter-strike (that is why katas in Shotokan karate always begin with a defensive movement - a block).
In his book “Karate-do: My Way,” Funakoshi outlined the basic principles that reveal the spirit and essence of karate-do, namely:
Be extremely attentive during training. Whatever you do, always think about the enemy. In a fight, when striking, you should not allow a single drop of doubt, since one blow decides everything.
Train with full dedication, without theorizing. Often the inability to concentrate leads to a search for truth in words and reasoning. The Horseman's Stance (kiba dachi), for example, looks very simple on the surface, but no one can perform it perfectly, even if he practices every day for a year. Therefore, the student’s complaints after several months of training that he cannot master the kata are not serious.
Avoid arrogance and arrogance. Anyone who publicly declares his success will never be respected by others, even if he really shows ability in karate or other types of martial arts. It is all the more absurd to hear the self-praise of a completely incapable person. In karate this is usually done by beginners who cannot resist the temptation to brag or show something. But by doing this, they humiliate not only themselves, but also their chosen art.
Watch how sincere you are in your actions, and take your example from what is worthy of praise in the work of others. As a karateka, you must carefully observe the work of others and adopt the best. At the same time, ask yourself: are you giving your all to training? Everyone has good points and bad. A prudent person strives to develop the best and eliminate the bad.
Follow the rules of etiquette.
No one can achieve perfection in karate-do until he realizes that karate-do is also faith in the path of life.
Shotokan is a relatively more complex style than others for a number of reasons:
1. This is the toughest style of karate, requiring good physical preparation.
The tiger, the totemic sign of the style, was one of the five “animal” styles practiced in the Shaolin Monastery. The style is characterized by sharp, powerful, rapid attacks and movements. The performance requirements completely coincide with the Shaolin ones - the same sharpness, power, strength, low stances, maximum concentration of effort in any action.
2. The execution of each technical technique must simultaneously include several parameters:
Proper breathing, which activates the circulation of internal energy Ki;
Performing an action at the right time;
Clear correct execution of a technical action and completion of the action;
Development of maximum force at the amplitude of the impact in a minimum impact time and a sharp stop of the impact, which strengthens the impact impulse (kimming), as well as the fastest possible reverse (reverse) movement of the limb.
3. The training program is quite complex and extensive. Knowledge of more than twenty katas is required.
Particular attention is paid to:
Acquiring stable balance, which is achieved by working in low stances;
Strong rotational work of the hips in the horizontal plane in the direction of the blow or in the opposite direction to the blow, which significantly increases the force of the blow or block;
Compliance with the principle of “concentration - relaxation”, i.e. timely and instant activation of all antagonist muscles in the final phase of movement. In this case, the positive acceleration is replaced by a negative one, which leads to a sharp stop of the striking limb, due to which the resulting shock wave penetrates deep into the affected surface.
Shotokan differs from other karate styles in the predominantly linear application of the force of blows, since the shortest path to the goal is a straight line.
Initially, Shotokan adopted the principle of “Ikken hisatsu”, that is, “one blow on the spot.”
AIKIJUJUTSU
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Daito-ryu aikijujutsu is one of the oldest schools of bujutsu, believed to have been founded in 1087 by Yoshimitsu Minamoto (1056-1127). The central temple of the Yoshimitsu family was called Daito - “Great East”, classes in Aikijujutsu were held there, and since in Japan it was customary to call the school after the name of the place where martial arts were practiced, the name Daitoryu - “School of the Great East” was naturally formed " Before the Meiji Restoration, sword art was more popular than Jujutsu, which was just beginning to be practiced.
The only exception was oshikiuchi (oshikiuchi - o - correct, shiki - etiquette, teach - inside the house) - a secret technique - the palace art of fighting indoors, which formed the basis for the formation of Aikijujutsu techniques, supplemented by sword techniques and the corresponding system of movements. A person’s whole life was serving the shogun, he died on the battlefield or killed himself, rarely died a natural death, so it was necessary to develop a system of palace etiquette that could reduce the level of violence within the family, within the clan. Oshikiuchi is a system that allows you to disarm a person without harming him, because it is an indoor wrestling system, which is why it has so many techniques in suwari waza. It was classified as "Otome Ryu", which means that it was a martial art style hidden from the general public, and its teaching was prohibited. To understand what Aikijujutsu is, you need to understand what oshikiuchi is, in what context, and in what environment it arose. Of course, before 1870, the techniques that were there could be used not only for disarming, but also for killing. Oshikiuchi was a system of protection that made it possible to preserve the law, and if you understand this, then you stop looking for things in Aikijujutsu that do not exist there.
The ability that came from working with a sword to effectively coordinate the work of the body, arms and legs, while manipulating the wrists in a certain way, forms the basis of Daitoryu techniques. In addition, the short sword technique (tanto), which was integral part Tamori Ryu is a sword school designed for defense within the home.
Over centuries of hand-to-hand combat, the technique was improved and honed by superbly trained warriors. The techniques were carefully kept secret until the end of the nineteenth century, when the master Sokaku Takeda introduced them to the general public. Subsequently, Daitoryu became the basis for a large number of styles and trends in Aikijujutsu, which are now practiced all over the world.
Aikijujutsu, in its enormous diversity, even today gives preference to the spiritual education of students and judges their progress by changes in character, level of devotion, humanity, will, thus contributing to the prosperity of the Dojo, the progress of students in mastering the basic principles, and increasing the level of personal development of each . All this allows us to initiate worthy students into the inner secrets of art.
Although the techniques may seem outdated to the outside observer, these are the techniques that make art timeless. Principles are never given to students in pure form. The main criterion for comprehending the truth is practice. Long and painstaking work on each of the techniques leads you to desired result. As in all true bujutsu, in Daitoryu there are no shortcuts to comprehension.
Aikijujutsu techniques are based on working in three planes, which gives you the opportunity to constantly throw your opponent off balance. In the course of mastering technology, one comes to understand that learning ends only with death. Only when the student begins to realize the simplicity that seems incomprehensible, makes every possible effort, proves his perseverance and perseverance - only then does he deserve to learn and the right to teach.
HAND-HAND COMBAT
A universal system for teaching defense and attack techniques, combining many functional elements from the arsenal of world martial arts (strikes, kicks, wrestling techniques, painful techniques), tested in real combat activities. A modern and rapidly developing type of martial arts, which has gained popularity for full-contact fights.
The system includes the following sections: technical actions; tactical actions; psychological preparation; special physical training; technical actions are techniques of punches, kicks, head, elbow, throws, grabs, etc. from different body positions at different angles. Actions taken when fighting one or more opponents, armed or unarmed. Working with edged weapons and items that replace them and much more. Tactical actions are various options for action in certain situations, including taking the right positions or moving in the right direction, etc. Special physical training consists of three levels, the development of which takes place in stages. Most effectively develops the parameters necessary for combat (speed, strength, endurance). It also promotes excellent physical condition and health.
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The term “kobudo” translated from Japanese means “ancient military way.” The original name was “kobujutsu” - “ancient martial arts (skills).” Under this term, today the arts of mastering various types of oriental species edged weapons. Currently, there is a division of kobudo into two autonomous independent directions: 1. Nihon-kobudo - a direction that combines systems common on the main islands of Japan and using in their arsenal edged weapons of samurai origin and weapons from the arsenal of ninjutsu. 2. Kobudo (other names Ryukyu-kobudo and Okinawa-kobudo) - a direction that unites systems originating from the islands of the Ryukyu archipelago (modern Okinawa Prefecture, Japan) using in the arsenal tools (objects) of peasant and fishing use of the inhabitants of these islands. The Kobudo Federation of Russia is focused on the dissemination of kobudo, mainly of Okinawan origin.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF KOBUDO.
With some stretch, we can say that the first person who began to use, along with primitive weapons, various improvised objects to counteract his own kind, was the founder of kobudo. But, if we talk about kobudo in the modern sense of the word, then the above statement will be only partially true. One thing is clear: the very first information about the origin of kobudo is lost in the depths of centuries. Today, there are two versions of the appearance and development of kobudo in Okinawa: legendary and modern, more realistic, based on the latest historical information. It should be borne in mind that the history of kobudo (kobujutsu) is inextricably linked with the history of karate-do, since the division of Okinawan hand-to-hand combat systems into unarmed and using weapons occurred relatively recently - at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. By the way, even now a number of karate schools in Okinawa have in their certification programs requirements for knowledge of not only karate, but also kobudo at the same time. But, we digress. So, the history of karate and kobudo says that these types of hand-to-hand combat began to develop on the Ryukyu Islands from time immemorial and were initially united within the framework of a certain system “Te” or “Okinawa-te”, which meant “Hand” and “Hand of Okinawa” respectively. .
This system has been repeatedly supplemented and expanded throughout its existence. So, in the 12th century. (Taira-Minamoto era) the defeated Taira clan rolled back from Japan to the south and, partially, settled in Ryukyu. He brought a wealth of military knowledge to the islands, including in the field of martial arts. In 1350, with the establishment of official relations with China, an embassy arrived in Okinawa with the aim of spreading Chinese culture on the island. The transferred knowledge also included martial arts, which were well developed by that time in China. Chinese martial arts blended with earlier Okinawan developments, giving new impetus to the development of fighting systems on the island. By the early 15th century, the island of Okinawa, ruled by numerous feudal princes, was divided into three major states: Hokuzan (in the north), Chuzan (in the center), and Nanzan (in the south), known as the “Three Kingdoms.” In 1429 they were united under the rule of one ruler - Sho Hashi, with the capital in the city of Shuri. His descendant Sho Shin (1477-1526) finally eliminated feudal fragmentation, founded a state based on the principles of Confucianism, and gathered all the feudal princes of Okinawa (anji) in Shuri. At the same time, a ban was imposed on the carrying of swords and the possession of weapons. This state, known as the Ryukyu Kingdom, lived and prospered thanks to trade with China, Korea, Japan and other states of Southeast Asia. In 1609, samurai of the Japanese Satsuma clan from the island of Southern Kyushu invaded Okinawa and captured it. The new rulers tightened the effect of the “Weapon Decrees” introduced by Sho Shin, and in 1699 they banned the import of any weapons. Further, the legendary version says that at this time oppression reached such a level that the whole village was given one knife for household needs. It was then that the art of karate (unarmed combat) and kobudo (combat using household items that were not weapons at that time) reached its peak. In order to fight the invaders from the Satsuma clan, peasants and fishermen began to create secret societies whose goal was to expel the Japanese from the island. For this noble purpose, members of the communities studied karate and kobudo, practicing day and night. And after some time, in battles with armed samurai, the islanders convincingly and more than once proved highest efficiency karate and kobudo. A more modern historical version states that in 1724, for various reasons, a large number of representatives of the Ryukyu noble class (Shizoku) concentrated in Shuri. To free the capital from them, it was decided to allow shizoku to engage in trade, crafts, fishing and agriculture on remote islands and away from the cities of Okinawa. The nobles brought their culture, including knowledge in the field of kobudo, to the new settlements. However, the local population, especially the peasants, busy with work almost around the clock, were in a state close to slavery. Therefore, the development of kobudo occurred extremely slowly and mainly among people from the nobility. After the Meiji Restoration (1848), the islands were annexed by the new Japanese government. In 1879, the last king of the Ryukyu, Sho Tai, was exiled to Tokyo. The Japanese government created a new prefecture - Okinawa. The process of Japaneseization of the indigenous population and the eradication of traditions and customs that were considered alien to the original Japanese began, which ended only after the end of World War II. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Okinawa kobudo was practically forgotten; it was owned by a very small circle of masters, who often had scattered knowledge of individual types of weapons. IN modern world There are a small number of traditional schools of Okinawan Kobudo. The main ones are various versions of Ryukyu-kobudo by master Taira Shinken (1897-1970), Matayoshi-kobudo by masters Matayoshi Shinko (1888-1947) and his son Matayoshi Shinpo (1923-1997) and Yamani-ryu kobudo by master Chinen Massami (1898-1947). 1976).
WEAPONS KOBUDO.
There are a large number of different types of weapons (mostly of Chinese origin) and items that were not originally weapons, which are tools modified for combat use or without any modifications. The main types of Kobudo weapons are listed below:- bo(other names: rokushakubo, kon, kun) - the most common weapon, a wooden pole (bo) six (roku) shaku long. The Japanese measure of shaku length was about 30.3 cm. That is. the length of the pole was about 182 cm. The Okinawan names for the pole are “kon” or “kun”; - sai- a metal trident, the prototype of which was the vajra - one of the symbols of Buddhism. Another version attributes the origin of the sai to a pitchfork for loosening the soil. Dual weapons. Related types of sai include: manji no sai (a swastika-shaped sai) and nunti (a spear head similar in shape to the manji no sai); - tonfa(tunfa, tuifa, tuyha, tunfua, tonfua, toifua, tonkua, tunkua, taofua) - a stick about 40 cm long with a transverse handle, originally a lever for rotating the millstone of a hand mill. Dual weapons. - nunchaku- two sticks about 30 cm long, connected by a rope about 10 cm long. According to various versions, the prototype of the nunchaku was a horse bit or a flail for threshing rice; - jo(tsue, sushiku, sanshakujo, yonshakujo, hanbo) - stick (staff) 90-120 cm long - Kama- sickle, agricultural tool for harvesting rice. Used in single and double versions. When used in pairs - nityogama (two sickles); - ecu(ueku, ieku, kai) - oar;- surutin- a rope or chain with metal or stone weights reinforced at both ends. A device for mooring and securing boats to a pier. There are two types: naga-surutin (3 m long) and tan-surutin (1.5 m);- que(kuva) - hoe, ketmen;- nuntibo- a fort, a pole about 210 cm long with a nunti at one end; - tekko- metal spiked brass knuckles, the prototype could be a saddle stirrup. Dual weapons;- Sansetsu-kon- a wooden three-link flail with links about 65 cm long, connected by ropes or a chain about 5-7 cm long. - tinbe-rotin or chinbe-seiryuto - an unpaired weapon, originally a lid from a large saucepan (to-hai) combined with a spatula for stirring rice - hera. To-hai was used as a shield, hera - as a club. However, the techniques with to-hai and hera were not canonized in a timely manner and therefore were subsequently lost. Currently, the to-hai has been transformed into a shield: a round metal one (about 60 cm in diameter) or a bone one, approximately oval in shape, made from the shell of a large sea turtle. Instead of hare, rotin or seiryuto are used. The rotin is a short dart with a spear pommel and, often, a forked shank. Seiryuto - a cleaver (machete) for cutting large fish;-
-tanbo(tambo, nitetanbo) - two thick, uneven sticks 60-70 cm long. Paired weapons;
- tattoo(tittyu) - knitting needles, short metal rods, pointed on both sides, with or without rings in the middle part, with or without transverse protrusions. Dual brass knuckle weapons;
Other types;
In the FKR, the list of weapons, in addition to the listed types, includes a bokken, a wooden model of a samurai sword.
Currently, kobudo is experiencing a kind of renaissance period. A large number of schools of karate and other martial arts without weapons, for various reasons (often commercial), introduce work with weapons into their arsenal, borrowing information from all available sources. In a number of cases, the weapon tradition is adopted entirely from one of the famous destinations Kobudo, but more often karate schools develop their own arsenal of weapons, compiling it at their own discretion.
Expert of the Kobudo Federation of St. Petersburg - Vladimir Balyakin
SENE is a mixed martial arts system. He studies striking techniques with hands and feet, throws, painful and choking techniques, and self-defense techniques. The SEN’E School traces its history back to 1969. The physical culture and sports public organization “All-Russian Federation SEN’E” received legal status in 1991. The founders of the SEN’E School are T.R. Kasyanov. and Shturmin A.B. Students of the SEN’E School stood at the origins and made a significant contribution to the development of many types of martial arts in the territory of the former USSR, such as hand-to-hand combat, kickboxing, Thai boxing, taekwondo, etc.
SENE is a unique sports discipline, which is not only a kind of testing ground for the development and improvement of physical qualities, the formation of a wide range of motor skills and skills in the field of martial arts, but also forms the moral and volitional qualities of the individual student.
The tactical and technical arsenal of SENE is a viable and interconnected system for the synthesis of striking techniques of arms and legs, throwing, painful and choking techniques, allowing fights at various distances, using a wide range of combination actions regulated by the Rules in compliance with all the necessary principles of conducting a sports fight (control risk of injury, entertainment, objectivity in assessing actions, etc.).
Currently, SENE, as a sport, is relevant and in demand for a number of objective reasons. Firstly, practicing SENE does not require large material costs for equipping sports facilities and equipment for those involved, secondly, this system of martial arts meets the growing interest of broad sections of the population in mastering diverse fighting techniques, thirdly, SENE is an excellent means of positive educational influence on the younger generation, promoting sustainable habits of a healthy lifestyle, forming a true defender of their Fatherland.
TAIQIQUAN
Taijiquan- a unique art of self-development, including martial art, a health system, and meditative practice. Taijiquan is one of the optimal and harmonious ways of learning qigong - the practice of managing one's internal energy.
Like qigong, tai chi requires the simultaneous action of three factors - consciousness, movement and breathing. At the junction of qigong and taijiquan, complexes of taijiqigong exercises arose.
What will a Tai Chi practitioner get? Firstly, physical and spiritual health, longevity. Secondly, it is a means for relaxation and stress relief, the ability to quickly overcome stress and take conscious action in extreme situations.
Thirdly, harmonization of the emotional sphere and interpersonal relationships.
Path of the Willow
Mak Wun Ken - Donald
Introduction.
"Softness is the soul of the willow, it is able to direct the power of the wind against itself"
An old poem about the benefits of gentleness in martial arts describes the example of the softness of a tree like a willow that yields, bends to strong winds during a storm, instead of resisting them.
Due to the absence of this resistance, the willow continues to live after the storm, while trees that refuse to succumb to the wind may be damaged or even uprooted. The Wing Chun Kuen of the respected Sifu Chow Tze Chuen, transmitted to him by the Great Master Yip Man, is based on the idea of softness defeating hardness. This article will explain the main points of Sifu Chow's Wing Chun Kuen that make this gentle submission possible (effective). Sections will be covered on neutralizing through structure, dispersing through footwork, using the shoulder line to create a void, etc.
Giving in like a willow tree.
We have chosen the willow as a metaphor to illustrate a wise strategy and method of overcoming attacking forces. In order for a willow tree to grow, seeds must first be planted. The seeds grow into powerful roots, a straight trunk, flexible branches and leaves. This is the basis for using the concept of yielding like a willow tree. In actual practice, the hands can be considered as leaves and branches that make first contact with the attacking force. When properly coordinated with the direction of force, the opponent's force can be reduced to nothingness without compromising the structural integrity of the Wing Chun practitioner, just as the branches and leaves of a willow tree are blown by the wind while remaining in place. Secondly, the torso of a Wing Chun practitioner can be likened to a willow trunk - vertical and structurally straight to receive the opponent's force internally and redirect it using the force of the wrist, or drive it into the ground through the legs. The third basis of likening the willow tree is the development of powerful roots that allow the Wing Chun practitioner to be stable, preventing him from being pushed into an unstable position by any external force.
Conditions for learning how to be malleable.
When we study Wing Chun, as taught by Sifu Chow Tze Chuen, we place emphasis on development the following points that are essential in understanding how to be flexible:
Relaxation The first key to understanding how to successfully absorb an opponent's power lies in complete relaxation throughout the entire time, especially during a fight;
We define proper relaxation as "not using unnecessary muscle tension that does not contribute to the efficiency of movement in achieving the goal." By relaxing, one can understand the meaning of internal martial arts, determined by four criteria:
"Yuk Yau But Yuk Keung" means that the Wing Chun practitioner should give in instead of resisting the opponent with muscular strength;
"Yuk Shun But Yuk Yik" - encourages the Wing Chun practitioner to move harmoniously, rather than fight the flow of the enemy's force;
"Yuk Ding But Yuk Luen" - the Wing Chun practitioner must move clearly, steadily, evenly, to constantly control the center line;
"Yuk Jui But Yuk San" - a Wing Chun practitioner must correctly use the weight of his body as a whole, rather than using it separately and ineffectively.
Central line.
The second key lies in constant monitoring of the center line. The center line is so important in Wing Chun that it can be said to be the art of defending and attacking the center line. The principle of "Man Fat Gwai Chung" (literally "ten thousand techniques originating from the center line") best describes the central role of the center line in Wing Chun.
The idea is that during attack and defense, the opponent will attack the center of the practitioner's body, because the most vulnerable places are located there. Understanding the center gives the Wing Chun practitioner a reference area from which he can build a strategy of attack and defense. With the right reference path, it becomes possible to redirect and reduce the attacking force into the void. This strategy will be discussed in the subsequent paragraph on the shoulder line.
Fixed elbow.
The third point is the concept of a stationary elbow. It is necessary to keep the elbow close to the body and on the center line. Keeping the elbow stationary gives the practitioner constant protection of his body throughout the fight without having to do it every time the opponent attacks or counterattacks. Proper elbow position also allows for grouping of the body behind the hands, allowing the practitioner to utilize the power of the entire body rather than relying on local hand strength. The condition for spontaneous (unintentional) use of the central line is also met. For this reason, a common instruction in the school of Grand Master Ip Man was that the student should not hold the elbow too close or far from the body. Correct elbow position allows the practitioner to redirect the opponent's force by using the entire body rather than the arms alone, which is common among beginners.
Correct body position.
The fourth key is correct body position. In Wing Chun, the meaning of correct body position is for the practitioner to maintain his or her center line perpendicular to the horizontal line formed by the shoulders. In this case, both hands can be easily used to attack without the need to constantly move the body. The accuracy of attack and defense is also greatly enhanced by the use of a two-dimensional isosceles triangle, used to position the body in the most advantageous position relative to the opponent in order to successfully redirect force and counterattack. The body position allows the Wing Chun practitioner to use the sides of the triangle to direct the opponent's force into a safe area.
Simultaneous defense and attack.
The fifth point is the ability to defend and attack at the same time. Another principle about this is “Siu Da Tong Bo” or “Sheung Kiu Bing Hang”. The basic idea of "Lin Siu Dai Da" (Simultaneous Attack and Defense) is the next prominent characteristic of Wing Chun.
The principle requires that all defensive actions be accompanied by an attack within a short time, in order not to lose a short-term advantage over the enemy. Or more simply put best protection- this is an attack. In a real combat situation, it is necessary to control external and internal factors. Improper control of factors means possible failure due to several reasons such as fatigue, slowdown, loss of concentration, etc. The use of simultaneous attack and defense in connection with the concept of non-resistance encourages the practitioner to not resist the opponent, using his strength, body position, line and angle of movement to occupy the best position from which he can best control the opponent's body and therefore dominate him.
Racks.
The final key in learning how to properly control an opponent's power is learning how to use Wing Chun stances. A properly maintained stance allows the practitioner to absorb the opponent's force in a static stance, and in a dynamic stance to move the body so that the opponent cannot catch on the body.
Keys to understanding how to be flexible.
In the final part we will touch on the moments necessary for pliability, like a willow bending in the face of a strong force of wind.
Neutralization using the shoulder line. This is the main mechanism for succumbing to greater force. It encourages the practitioner to guide the opponent's force so that it falls into the void using the line of the shoulders. The sides of the two-dimensional isosceles triangle, which is described in the section on correct body position, can be thought of as a path along which a Wing Chun practitioner can reduce the vector of the opponent's resultant force.
Using body structure.
The Wing Chun principle states “Ying Siu Bo Fa, Ying Fu Sung Yung” (structure neutralizes, legs disperse, opponent can be controlled with less force). This principle shows the importance of proper body structure and footwork.
Correct body structure means:
immobility of elbows;
using structure to “roll down” enemy strength;
the weight is on one leg;
the movement comes from the lower back;
Point 1 has already been addressed. Points 2-4 are beyond the scope of this article. The following illustration by Sifu Chou gives the reader an idea of the structure from which the force rolls off and the distribution of weight on one leg.
The correct structure allows the practitioner to be pliable like a willow tree in the following ways:
Remaining in one place while absorbing the opponent's force into the practitioner's body, forming a vector to direct the force directly from its point of application to the ground, where the opponent's force is safely redirected;
Rotate the body while controlling the center line and accompanying the opponent's attack so that they fall into the neutralizing line of the shoulders formed by the two-dimensional isosceles triangle, becoming safe. However, the dynamics of real combat are such that sometimes the practitioner must step back, especially if the fight is fought with a person who can move quickly or deliver a blow much more powerful than the practitioner's motionless body can absorb. This is where the footwork from the second part of the "Ying Siu Bo Fa" principle comes into play.
Using footwork.
Applications from "Ying Siu Bo Fa" As stated above in "Using Structure", when the structure of a static body or turning the body in place is not enough to neutralize the opponent's attack, a step back becomes necessary. In our lineage of Wing Chun, the use of the legs allows the practitioner to either move the body completely away from the direction of the attack, or to follow the vector of the opponent's force. Footwork requires the practitioner to move into a strategically advantageous position from which to counterattack, while maintaining 100% of the weight on one leg paired with a properly aligned shoulder line. Using footwork has other purposes as well. Introducing the legs into the process allows you to expand the area of movement available to the Wing Chun practitioner in order to not only neutralize, but also close the gap, catch up, bridge and follow the opponent's movements in all directions. At the same time, the opponent's movements will be cut off, limited, or fall into the void, not finding an opportunity to use force against the practitioner.
Conclusion.
In this article we introduced the reader to the unique features of the Wing Chun direction, how it came to Sifu Chow Tze Chuen from the Great Master Yip Man. Usage key points- The fundamentals of Wing Chun coupled with the ability to be as pliable as a bending and swaying willow tree during a violent storm makes Wing Chun Kuen in our opinion a reasonable and superior style of martial arts. In the words of Grand Master Yip Man, "If you stand on the highest mountain, there is no one higher than you. Wing Chun is higher than us."
Sifu Donald Mac.
February 2000.
STYLE KARATE
often identified with traditional karate, although it different concepts. Traditional karate should be understood as those areas that have retained the ideology, basic principles, course of action, program content and training methods in the state in which they were laid down by the founders.
Essentially, traditional karate is a cultural and aesthetic phenomenon, the main goal of which is to preserve and popularize Japanese traditions in martial art. Training athletes or masters of hand-to-hand combat is not the task of traditional areas.
Martial art, from the perspective of traditional Japanese attitudes, is expressed in the demonstration of exquisite movements filled with strength and speed, as well as in the cultivation of a perfect body and warrior spirit. By now, there are practically no truly traditional trends in karate left.
What is widespread today are style trends that have retained some traditional features. The names, symbols, rituals, and also the technique of performing the kata, interpreted by the masters of each subsequent generation, were inherited from previous generations. This is mainly due to the wide spread of sports and commercial karate, as well as the emergence of a large number of new types, many of which are aimed at commercial success.
COMPLEX MARTIAL ARTS
an applied form of combat sports, created in 2003 on the basis of the most rational techniques and tactics of boxing and kickboxing, freestyle wrestling and sambo - in conditions of active confrontation, against the background of high mental stress and physical fatigue. Complex Martial Arts consists of two versions: Sports-applied and universal-full-contact. The applied sports version began to emerge at the Moscow Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in 1996 and is the basic training for the formation of motor skills in striking and wrestling techniques. According to this version, the largest part of competitions and training is carried out, and the competition consists of two rounds of three minutes of pure time with a minute break. The first round is a striking combat with boxing gloves and protective equipment, where punches to the head and kicks to the defense are allowed. The second round is in the nature of wrestling without protective equipment, with throws and painful holds. The winner is determined by the highest number of points scored in two rounds or a clear victory - by knockout or submission.
The universal full-contact version began to be implemented in the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, after the tournament of the strongest special forces fighters, which took place in Moscow in 1992. The version is a kind of testing ground for testing the effectiveness of various techniques in conditions of tough confrontation, without protective equipment and boxing gloves.
In competitions according to this version, within the framework of one fight, divided into three two-minute rounds with a minute break between them, punches, kicks, throws and painful holds are allowed.
In 2003, it was decided to bring both directions together, resulting in the emergence of the Integrated Martial Arts system. Its promotion as independent type It was decided to hold the sport within the framework of the Integrated Martial Arts Federation, established on April 11, 2003 at a conference that included 49 regions of Russia.
ORIENTAL
Mixed martial arts style. It is interesting, first of all, because it is a system of mixed martial arts, a synthesis of striking techniques with hands and feet and fighting according to uniform rules.
Since ancient times, humanity, in an effort to protect itself, has invented a variety of methods and methods of self-defense, and improved weapons. It was in this context that the gradual development took place combat arts that have largely lost their combat orientation and turned into sports. The East was the ancestor of most of modern systems hand-to-hand combat. However, in everyday consciousness, most of the latter, both ancient and quite modern, are associated with the Far East, primarily with China, Japan and Korea. In the last decades of the last century in this list Thailand also entered. This is not surprising - karate, jiu-jitsu, judo, wushu, taekwondo and Thai boxing are extremely popular around the world. However, the Middle East has also given the world its combat systems, some of which are becoming widespread these days. Perhaps the most diverse and detailed such system is the Iranian oriental.
This martial art got its name from Mount Arvant (Iranian “Alvand”), located near the city of Hamadan. In addition, the term “oriental” has long become commonly used in the meaning of “oriental”. Thus, this system is an oriental martial art.
Orientalism began its development in Hamadan in the second half of the last century. The “father” of this style was a specialist in various types of martial arts, master Mohammad Hasem Manuchihri. The basis for creating a new martial arts First came the ancient Iranian form of wrestling - koshti, the martial art-game alak dolak, as well as the so-called shadow wrestling. Soon the basic techniques and strikes of boxing, karate, freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestling, as well as judo were included in Oriental. As a result, a complex martial arts was formed, including all aspects of hand-to-hand combat - standing work, including strikes with hands, knees, elbows; in a grip, using various throws, hooks and drops; as well as on the ground, with striking, painful and suffocating techniques.
Since the early 70s of the 20th century, Oriental has gone beyond Hamadan and began to spread in the southern and eastern parts of Iran. However, a series of political upheavals that overtook the country just at this time could not but affect the development of sports. It was seriously complicated and inhibited. The first national championship took place only about 30 years later - in 2000. By this time, thousands of Iranians were engaged in oriental painting. By the end of the first decade of the 21st century, at least 15 thousand adherents of this style were recorded in the Islamic Republic. In 2005, the World Oriental Federation (World O-sport Federation) appeared, which began to spread under the name O-sport. This discipline has been recognized by the United Nations, as stated personally by its Secretary General Kofi Annan, emphasizing the national, Iranian basis of Orientalism.
In oriental sports, both striking and throwing techniques are allowed, as well as techniques for working on the ground using wrestling and painful holds (mixed fight). Adherents of various martial arts and schools can find themselves in oriental sports because this sport consists of several sections.
ARMY HAND-HAND COMBAT
This is a universal system of teaching defense and attack techniques, which has absorbed all the best from the arsenal of world martial arts, tested in real combat activities, and worked out on the multinational Russian soil.
Date of birth EPIRB it is generally accepted 1979, when the first championship of the airborne forces took place in the city of Kaunas at the sports base of the 7th Guards Airborne Division. Created by specialists and enthusiasts of physical training and sports of the Airborne Forces, Strategic Missile Forces, and other types and branches of the military, the ARB was successfully introduced into the training program and became the main component of the forms of physical training of military personnel.
The versatility of hand-to-hand combat training, the entertainment of fights, reliable protective equipment and clear refereeing made new look sport popular among military personnel. This made it possible to hold the first Armed Forces Championship in Leningrad in 1991, which determined the paths and directions for the development of the ARB.
The Military Institute of Physical Culture (VIFK) became the educational and methodological base for the development of ARB. At the Department of Overcoming Obstacles and Hand-to-Hand Combat, future specialists in physical training and sports of the Armed Forces and law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation, CIS countries, near and far abroad are trained in the basics of ARB. In the hand-to-hand combat center, instructors are trained, coaches and judges improve their skills. The research center is engaged in the development and publication of manuals, textbooks and methodological manuals in hand-to-hand combat.
In order to popularize and develop the ARB, on the initiative of the Sports Committee of the Ministry of Defense (SK MO), it was created in 1992 Federation of Army Hand-to-Hand Combat (FARB) within the framework of the Army Association of Contact Martial Arts (AAKVE). The purposeful work of the FARB together with the Investigative Committee of the Moscow Region made it possible to include the ARB in the military sports classification for 1993-1996, in the Unified All-Russian sports classification for 1997-2000, to develop and publish competition rules in 1995 and to receive from the State Sports Committee of Russia the right to provide documents for awarding the title “Master of Sports” and sports categories.
Martial arts have been successful at any time, but now they have reached the world level as one of the areas of sport. There are a great many types of martial arts now, and they can be divided into two large groups: Eastern martial arts and European.
Types of martial arts:
Karate. This martial art originates from the island of Okinawa. The very first Okinawan style of karate was especially brutal, and was not at all similar to the one that everyone knows now. Only after moving to Japan in the 19th and 20th centuries did karate styles become more athletic and less combative. Therefore, this type of martial arts is deservedly considered Japanese, and is so popular all over the world and in Russia, in particular.
Kung Fu. In China, this word is used to describe all Chinese martial arts in general. This term is akin to the Russian one - “hand-to-hand combat”, which implies any combat training of a person. However, in China its more common synonym is wushu. Has become very popular recently wing chun.
Jujutsu. Another Japanese martial arts, which was previously used in battles by Japanese samurai. His technique is similar to those of karate, judo and aikido.
Judo. This martial art was developed on the basis of jiu-jitsu, and is now a type of wrestling.
Aikido. It also originated from jiu-jitsu and is currently very popular. His technique is to push his opponent off balance and use his strength against him.
Taekwondo. This martial art was created in Korea. There, in the Korean special forces, taekwondo-keksul is still used - a more martial style, but it is impossible to master it outside of this country.
Muay Thai. This type of martial art is more common in Thailand; it is very dangerous, as it is based on strikes with knees and elbows.
Types of European and Russian martial arts:
Boxing. The most popular and oldest form of European martial arts, the goal of which is the ability to strike without damaging the hand.
Savat. This type of martial arts is also called French boxing. The peculiarity of this technique is the use of kicks to the lower level, trips and sweeps.
Sambo. Sambo was developed on the basis of the national techniques of wrestling and judo in the USSR for use in law enforcement agencies and in sports.
In addition to these main types of martial arts, there are also such as capoeira, kickboxing, Krav Maga, combat hopak and many others.
So, we present to your attention the author’s TOP 10 rating of martial arts for self-defense. A little about myself: my total experience in martial arts is about 10 years. Among them: kickboxing, Muay Thai, RB, jiu jitsu. I have quite a lot of experience in close communication with representatives of various martial arts both at full-contact competitions and on the street. Based on this PERSONAL experience, I compiled the corresponding rating.
I can definitely say one thing: a fight one on one and one against the crowd/crowd against the crowd are quite different in terms of requirements for technology and physicality. preparation.
I have a deep conviction that in a 1 on 1 fight, the first priority is wrestling skills + weight, preferably not excess)) In a mass battle, the first place comes out with choreographed, tempo punches to the head, and speed of movement.
Naturally, I do not deny the proverb that it is not the style that wins, but the fighter. I am sure that the Olympic heavyweight judo champion with a 90% probability will throw 2-3 light weight boxers over his back onto the curb and land on his head. But we will speak on average, otherwise there will be no rating at all))
Based on the above, the possibility of martial arts to resist both one opponent and several, that is, to beat and fight, was taken as a basis. Therefore, do not be surprised that the absolute majority here are mixed species, which at first glance are not very different. They differ in history, rules, specifics of the training and competitive process and distribution area, all this leaves a significant imprint on their effectiveness on the street and their place in the ranking.
Well, the last question that is asked quite often: what is the point of comparing martial arts?
I think we shouldn’t forget that almost every one of us came to the gym in order to learn how to fight/defend ourselves. For the same reason, thousands of boys, and not quite boys, come there every day. And only over time, for those units that remain, the goal begins to change - from “defend yourself” to “become a champion.”
Short abbreviations:
MMA - mixed martial arts, mixed martial arts
BI - martial arts
RB - hand-to-hand combat
ARB - army hand-to-hand combat
So let's go!
1. Combat Sambo
Combat Sambo deservedly takes first place. Today, this is the most widespread type of full-fledged mixed martial arts in the post-CIS space with a very wide arsenal. Punches, kicks, elbows and knees, and even head strikes are allowed here!) Throwing techniques, punches and kicks on the ground, choking and painful strikes on any limbs are allowed. Fights can be carried out both with and without helmets, which is also a very valuable experience, because... a blow missed with a helmet and without it feels completely different. Combat Sambo also took first place because of all the full-fledged mixed types in Russia, Ukraine and Belarus, this type has the largest number of qualified Soviet-trained coaches and proven training methods, as well as the largest number of teaching places.
2. Hand-to-hand combat
Sports hand-to-hand combat. This species is not a full-fledged mixed species as such due to the partial castration of the ground and striking part. While standing, you cannot hit with your knees, elbows or head. You can't hit on the ground. The time of wrestling on the ground is also limited, and an unscrupulous referee can often raise him to a standing position even if one of the opponents is predominantly a wrestler, and active technical actions are being carried out on the ground.
RB took second place due to the fact that it is the most common mixed species. In small towns you may not find Combat Sambo or MMA, but you will definitely find RB! And practicing in competitions will help you separate the wheat from the chaff and use only effective techniques. Plus, a relatively small number of technical actions will help you master the basics of striking in a standing position and fighting on the ground in less time than in “full-fledged mixed events.”
3.MMA / Valetudo / Mixfight / Freefight
If we lived in another place, this direction would rightfully take first place. In America, MMA is already the most common type of martial arts, and there are a huge number of excellent gyms with professional trainers. In our country, unfortunately, this is still only a tribute to tradition. There can be good coaches in large cities, often from current or former MMA athletes. But good coaches are very rare here. All training programs consist mainly of the results of the trainer’s initiative and his wild imagination + scraps of knowledge from foreign colleagues seen on video or read in interviews.
4.Pankration
I put this direction in a separate paragraph, since it requires separate consideration. Pankration as a whole is an MMA event, but with some historical circumstances that distinguish it. They consist in the fact that a huge number of freestyle athletes (freestyle wrestling) perform in pankration, who take the overwhelming number of prizes at all competitions. This left its mark on training. Quite a lot of gyms train “wrestling with finishing” and wrestling + “putting hands”)). Naturally, this does not apply to all halls, but the trend is observed. A potentially very strong advantage of pankration is its ability to become an Olympic sport in the future, in which case the pace of its development will be simply colossal.
5.Army Hand-to-Hand Combat (ARB)
One of the advantages of the style is a very wide technical arsenal, which is even wider than in combat sambo. Here you are allowed to finish off a lying opponent with your hands and feet, hit with your head, etc. Also an undoubted plus is the wide distribution of ARB and a large number of good trainers. The downside is the presence of an unrealistically huge amount of protection - a helmet with a mesh, pads with feet, a vest. A helmet with a mesh is potentially especially dangerous - people who are not used to getting hit in the open face are often lost at first, and on the street this can decide the outcome of the fight, because 90% of blows fly from the right and to the nose))) This problem is inherent in fighters of ARB, KUDO and karate styles where they do not hit with hands to the head, it is eliminated by the practice of contact sparring or a period of half a year - a year of boxing training.
6. KUDO
The hallmark of the style is fighters wearing aquarium helmets. Almost any action, elbow strikes and standing ruts are allowed. Among the minuses, we have a somewhat castrated ground game - there are time limits and blows. Another disadvantage of a similar EPIRB is the helmet - an aquarium. The undoubted advantage of martial arts is its wide distribution, a large number of qualified trainers, a well-developed methodological component, a large number of competitions different levels and preserving the traditional spirit and aesthetics of karate. The system is also constantly developing, experiments with professional areas are appearing.
7. Combat Ju Jutsu / Combat Jiu Jitsu
Combat Jiu Jitsu is a tribute to the fashion for mixed martial arts. To traditional jiu-jitsu, techniques of striking with hands, feet and knees from hand-to-hand combat, boxing, and kickboxing have been added. Overall it is a fairly holistic system with a strong emphasis on the ground. Finishing moves on the ground with hands and any painful or suffocating techniques are allowed. Pros - very good technique wrestling and throwing, fairly strict MMA rules, traditional wrestling training techniques, great emphasis on physical fitness. The disadvantages are a somewhat weak technique in the stand, the style is not particularly popular and widespread, and as a result, a small number of participants in the competition and a small number of good-level athletes.
8. Ju Jitsu/Jiu Jitsu
Oddly enough, many people do not know that traditional jiu-jitsu contains punches and kicks. It is also typical that full contact competitions in traditional jiu jitsu are tougher than in the combat direction, due to the fact that in some jiu jitsu competitions gloves and pads are not used at all.
Nevertheless, the advantages of this martial art are an excellent ground game and excellent throwing technique. The downsides are the low level of punching and kicking technique, even at national championships, and a large number of coaches - charlatans teaching jiu jitsu under the auspices of various incomprehensible federations that grow like mushrooms after rain.
9.Sambo
SAMBO was originally a system developed for self-defense, and was widely used by law enforcement officers. This is the only purely wrestling type of martial arts in the ranking. But he didn’t get here by accident. SAMBO has been in service with law enforcement agencies for a long time, and according to statistics, with the help of its techniques, a huge number of law enforcement officers have neutralized criminals and come out of many delicate situations alive and unharmed. The key here is to practice the basic techniques to a state of automatism, so that in an extreme situation of a street collision, you can use the technique without thinking, on a subconscious level.
10. Muay Thai/Boxing classic
Thai boxing is also the only one, but this time purely impact view martial arts in the ranking. The fact is that in Muay Thai you have the greatest freedom of action in the stand. In addition to the fact that this is Muay Thai, it is an “eight-armed” fight, that is, punches, kicks, knees and elbows are allowed, fighting in a standing position is allowed, and strikes from a standing position are also allowed. You will be taught all this in Muay Thai as nowhere else. Therefore, if you do not allow a pass to the legs, a Thai boxer has a huge chance of winning. After all, what is the probability that an experienced fighter will attack you on the street?
Well, with boxing everything is clear - firstly, here in the shortest period of time you can learn to defend yourself - due to a very narrow arsenal. Secondly, this is martial arts No. 1 when working with a group. Thirdly, there is a large number of competent specialists, many of them still of Soviet training.
And finally, let me remind you of a couple of eternal truths:
- it’s not the style that wins, it’s the fighter
- before training, you need to inquire about the achievements of the coach himself, both sports and coaching
- you need to exercise where you want to exercise, every time you force yourself to go to training because you don’t want to, it won’t work out
- It’s better to start practicing with a friend, or better yet with several. This will allow you to kick each other so as not to miss training, and it’s more fun together + there will always be someone to pair up with.
- in most gyms you can come to a trial training session, or even several, for free. Don’t rush, go to several gyms, see different trainers, different styles, and stay where you like best.
- do not buy expensive equipment right away. The simplest things - bandages, gloves, kimonos can be bought inexpensively. Everything else, especially good companies can wait up to six months. Firstly, you need to make sure that you will stay here for a long time, and secondly, they won’t look at you askance as if you were a beginner in a $200 Hayabusa kimono with a black belt that came with it)))
They were successful at any time, but now they have reached the world level as one of the areas of sport. There are now a great variety of types of martial arts, and they can be divided into two large groups: Eastern martial arts and European.
Types of martial arts:
Karate. This martial art originates from the island of Okinawa. The very first Okinawan style of karate was especially brutal, and was not at all similar to the one that everyone knows now. Only after moving to Japan in the 19th and 20th centuries did karate styles become more athletic and less combative. Therefore, this type of martial arts is deservedly considered Japanese, and is so popular all over the world and in Russia, in particular.
Kung Fu. In China, this word is used to describe all Chinese martial arts in general. This term is akin to the Russian one - “hand-to-hand combat”, which implies any combat training of a person. However, in China its more common synonym is wushu. Has become very popular recently wing chun.
Jujutsu. Another Japanese martial arts, which was previously used in battles by Japanese samurai. His technique is similar to those of karate, judo and aikido.
Judo. This martial art was developed on the basis of jiu-jitsu, and is now a type of wrestling.
Aikido. It also originated from jiu-jitsu and is currently very popular. His technique is to push his opponent off balance and use his strength against him.
Taekwondo. This martial art was created in Korea. There, in the Korean special forces, taekwondo-keksul is still used - a more martial style, but it is impossible to master it outside of this country.
Muay Thai. This type of martial art is more common in Thailand; it is very dangerous, as it is based on strikes with knees and elbows.
Types of European and Russian martial arts:
Boxing. The most popular and oldest form of European martial arts, the goal of which is the ability to strike without damaging the hand.
Savat. This type of martial arts is also called French boxing. The peculiarity of this technique is the use of kicks to the lower level, trips and sweeps.
Sambo. Sambo was developed on the basis of the national techniques of wrestling and judo in the USSR for use in law enforcement agencies and in sports.
In addition to these main types of martial arts, there are also such as capoeira, kickboxing, Krav Maga, combat hopak and many others.
Martial arts are a set of skills, techniques and techniques aimed not so much at attack, but at protecting loved ones and self-defense. Most of them originate in the East and Asia and have ancient history and many directions and styles.
There are an incredible number of different martial arts. They can be classified according to the method of combat: with and without the use of weapons; wrestling with legs, arms, grip; on ancient arts and completely new ones. It can also be classified according to region: European, Eastern and other martial arts. Speaking about European fighting techniques, we can mention Greco-Roman wrestling, which has been included in the program of the Olympic Games, World and European Championships for quite some time. It originated in ancient Greece and received modern development in France. Boxing is an ancient martial art with special gloves; it can also be seen in the Olympic “arena”. Unlike Greco-Roman wrestling, which does not use legs, Savate or French boxing is built mainly on kicking techniques.
Baritsu is a mixed English martial art described by Arthur Conan Doyle in the books about Sherlock Holmes, thereby making it even more famous. German jujutsu teaches self-defense skills. Sambo is a hand-to-hand combat technique created in the USSR, based on judo techniques. Fencing is a very beautiful and elegant type of martial art, which is a set of techniques for wielding hand-held bladed weapons.
There are many more martial arts that originated in the east, and often their essence is much deeper than just combat and self-defense. Most various techniques and fighting styles in China. For all of them there is a common name - kung fu or wushu, almost all of them originate from the famous Shaolin monastery.
Japan rightfully owns the most popular martial art in the world - karate. Contact between rivals is kept to a minimum; victory is achieved by delivering crushing blows to painful points with the limbs. In contrast, judo and jiu-jitsu use a lot of grabs, holds, chokes and throws.
Aikido is a relatively young fighting technique that strengthens not only the body, but also the spirit. Sumo is an unusual and spectacular form of Japanese martial arts. Heavy opponents can only touch the ring with their feet - everything else is considered a defeat.
Japanese martial arts using weapons include kendo, nunchaku-jutsu, kobujutsu and kabudo. Kendo masters are fluent in the Japanese sword - the katana. Nunchaku-jutsu teaches techniques with nunchaku - an oriental edged weapon, which is two sticks connected by a chain or cord. And the other two types of martial arts use in their practice improvised objects and special edged weapons designed for defense and attack.
In other parts of the world, self-defense has also been turned into a sport and an art. Capoeira is a fascinating Brazilian wrestling dance that uses only kicks. Kuresh is a Kazakh belt fight, it is an integral element national holiday Sabantuy. Korean tehwando, hard American kickboxing, Thai boxing - all these martial arts have found their place in Russian martial arts schools.
Despite the fact that achieving results in any type of martial arts is not easy and you will have to go through many injuries and unfortunate failures, practicing any martial arts will not only give you a feeling of self-confidence and your abilities, but will also raise your overall social status.
Many scientists have proven that the first martial arts originated in the east. Their roots are in India, but they became especially widespread and developed in Asian countries. The large number of wars over snakes inherent in these countries raised the art of fighting to a new level, and based on different religions and laws of states, a huge number of variations of martial arts schools were created.
Kung Fu
There is an opinion that kung fu, as a type of martial arts, was founded by the Indian monk Badhiharma, in China he was called Damo. According to legend, he is a prince from the south of India, who renounced his privileges and became a Buddhist monk. Traveling around China, he began to live in the Shao-lin monastery. The local pilgrims seemed to him weak in body and unable to lead the hermit lifestyle of a Buddhist. Having decided to help his brothers, he began to train them with general physical exercises. These classes turned out to be effective, and the monks began to constantly improve. Later, on the basis of the exercises, a system of combat defense against robbers, of whom there were a lot in those days, arose.
WUSHU
Wushu-talou is a martial arts sport. Candidates compete in sets of exercises composed of techniques from many types of wushu, adding acrobats to their performances.
The results depend on the difficulty of the exercises, the correctness of their execution, the clarity of the movements, etc. Sanda - free form sparring. This style allows full contact with the opponent. The participant must have a helmet that protects the jaw and temples, a mouthguard, boxing gloves, a vest, and an attack pad. Many people bandage the shin bone and thigh bone to protect against injury.
Jiu-jitsu
Jiu-jitsu is a collective concept for Japanese species martial arts, which includes fighting with and without weapons. This style was used by samurai if they fought against an armed enemy. Due to the development of armor manufacturing techniques, the damage caused by weapons was reduced to a minimum, so grabbing and throwing were effective ways to defeat the enemy. The principle of martial arts is based on using the inertia of the enemy against him, which allows you to win battles in different weight categories. Thanks to the development of many schools of jiu-jitsu, there are a large number of techniques and techniques. By using this style, you can take full advantage of different types of wrestling. Many dojos taught weapons in addition to hand-to-hand techniques.
Taekwondo
Taekwondo is a type of eastern martial art that came from Korea, the creator of which was army officer Choi Hong Hi in the fifties of the last century. The concept of taekwondo consists of several parts: “te” - leg, “kwon” - fist, “do” - art, road. The founder of the school himself is of the opinion that taekwondo is training of the mind and body, together with the development of fighting techniques without weapons, as well as powerful punches and kicks, allowing you to fight with several opponents at once. A feature of the style is the presence of a large number of techniques performed while jumping.
Muay Thai
Muay Thai is a type of martial art created in Thailand, formed from the techniques of traditional martial arts of peasants "Muay-Boran". It has similar techniques with similar types of martial arts, for example, paradal sōrei (Combodia), lehwei (Myanmar), tomo (Malaysia). The word "Muay" is derived from the Mavya Thai phrase - "free fight". The peculiarity of the style is the use of eight human limbs, along with arms and legs, knees and elbows are also used. Unlike budo martial arts, Muay Thai does not have sets of exercises (kata); various combinations have been introduced to replace them, and punches are practiced on boxing bags.
Kudo
Kudo (Daido Juku Karate Do) is a type of oriental martial arts that came from Japan, which connected the movements and strikes of various types of martial arts. The creator of this school is Azuma Taksashi in the 80s. The rules of sparring allow the use of wrestling techniques, as well as striking movements with all limbs throughout the body, with the exception of the groin, back and back of the head. Choking techniques are allowed, as well as wrestling on the ground.
Shotokan karate do
Shotokan is a fairly common martial arts style in karate. This style was founded by Funakoshi Gichin, a student of karate masters from Okinawa - Itotsu and Asato. Traditional style was a combat version and was similar to Okinawan schools. Subsequently, a major contribution to the development of the style was made by Funakoshi’s son, Giko Funakoshi, who created a sporty and less aggressive version of Shotokan. Among karate styles, Shotokan stands out for its versatility. It was created as a symbiosis of speed and strength, which explains the choice of style symbolism - the tiger. Shotokan techniques are designed for powerful, but at the same time fast kicks and punches, at close or medium distance.
Strengthens health, promotes mental and intellectual development, teaches discipline and self-control. These displays are suitable for any sport. In this article, we invite you to talk about the benefits of martial arts, what they teach, and which martial arts in the world are the most popular.
We will not sin against the truth if we say that martial arts are most useful for children. This is due to the fact that children, due to their natural curiosity and strong learning abilities, grasp everything literally on the fly; they do not need much convincing and retraining. However, the benefits of martial arts for adults are undeniable. When practicing martial arts, a person:
- becomes healthier physically and spiritually,
- develops coordination of movements and reaction speed,
- becomes more self-confident and able to stand up for himself,
- learns to be disciplined and purposeful,
- learns to respect his teachers, colleagues and opponents.
We can talk endlessly about the benefits of martial arts training. But what to choose? What types of martial arts are there in the world? There are 3 classes of martial arts in total:
- wrestling (classical (Greco-Roman) wrestling, freestyle wrestling) - there is practically no need to strike. The goal of wrestling is to use technical techniques to put the opponent on his shoulder blades, while classical wrestling has its own arsenal of techniques, while freestyle wrestling has its own, which is slightly wider than in classical wrestling (grabs of the opponent’s legs, sweeps are allowed),
- striking (boxing, kickboxing) - contact types of martial arts that involve striking the enemy with both hands (boxing) and legs (kickboxing),
- Oriental martial arts - they are placed in a separate class, because it is not just a sport, it is a whole philosophy. Eastern martial arts develop the physical qualities of students, and also pay attention to their spiritual education.
Chinese martial arts
All Chinese martial arts have been developed over the past 2000 years. There are a lot of them, like the Chinese. There are different types of classifications of Chinese martial arts. We will briefly talk about each of them.
According to geographical classification there are:
Historically, there are 18 provinces in China, and each of them practices its own styles of martial arts. The most famous are Shanxi, Hebei and Henan.
According to the nature of their manifestations, martial arts are:
- physical (external) - wushu, teaching how to avoid conflict situations, sanda
- spiritual (internal or religious) - Shaolin martial arts (Shaolinquan, Hung Gar, Wing Chun, dragon and white crane style), Taijiquan, Baguazhang, Tan Tui, Xingyiquan and Kyeshikan.
Naturally, it is impossible to unambiguously determine the best martial art in China; there are many differences in them, and + - every student will find something for themselves.
Japanese martial arts
Japanese martial arts are also numerous. On our website we have already written about and, so now we will tell you about what other types of martial arts in Japan there are:
- Jiu-jitsu is the progenitor of many types of wrestling. The founder of jiu-jitsu, Okayama Shirobei, based his teaching on the principle that gentleness conquers evil. Jiu-jitsu involves performing throws, strikes and force on joints, as well as choking techniques,
- judo (from the Japanese “soft way”) - does not involve striking an opponent, its goal is to put the enemy in a helpless position and defeat him,
- Kendo (from the Japanese “way of the sword”) is a modern Japanese fencing art, descended from the samurai and presupposing the unity of three elements: “ki” - spirit, “ken” - sword and “tai” - body,
- sumo is a type of wrestling whose goal is to defeat an opponent by forcing him to touch the floor in the ring with any part of the body except the feet,
- Kempo is a type of ancient martial arts, which is a combination of many martial arts techniques. Nowadays the name "Kempo" is used to refer to martial arts in general,
- Kobudo - (from the Japanese “ancient military way”) is the collective name for the arts of mastering various types of oriental bladed weapons.
To finally make your choice, visit our good reputation martial arts center in your city.
Russian martial arts
It is believed that the concept of “Russian martial arts” in the traditional sense of the word does not exist. Obviously, this happened because Russian martial art resembles dance. Any national dance is a martial form of plastic movement. If we add to plasticity an accurate understanding of the work of muscles and the skeletal system, we will get a perfect combat form of movement. The Russian school of martial arts has identified the following types of martial arts in the list of martial arts:
- Cossack saved, which has much in common with martial arts. According to this teaching, a person can transfer his consciousness to Navya (astral body), Klubya (mental body), Kolobya (Buddhic body) and Divya (Devaconic body). By transferring energy into one of the bodies, a person can escape from an attack and inflict crushing blows on the enemy,
- fist fighting is a competitive male practice of fighting at a medium distance, allowing punches and kicks, throws, grabs, as well as various movements,
- hand-to-hand combat - a universal system for teaching defense and attack techniques,
- sambo is a young type of martial arts and self-defense system, developed in the Soviet Union, based on Japanese judo and traditional folk wrestling,
Naturally, in each of the listed types of martial arts there are world-famous martial arts masters: Jet Li in wushu, Fedor Emelianenko in mixed martial arts, Muhammad Ali in boxing, Alexander Karelin in classical wrestling, Masutatsu Oyama in karate, Wally Jay. in jiu-jitsu and many others. All of them serve as role models and proof that nothing is impossible in the world.
