Plants called weeds spontaneously settle on land plots next to cultivated crops. Controlling harmful herbs takes a lot of time. Today, over 2 thousand different species are known. Among garden “residents” you can find poisonous and harmful ones that can poison pets. You can find out the names of weeds in the garden from the photos in the tables below.
Types and classification of weeds
Plants infest fields with agricultural crops, summer cottages, are found along roads, fences, they do not have specific places of settlement. Many types of weeds can be observed next to cultivated plants. For example, with wheat or barley you can see stupefying chaff (grass), and with buckwheat you can see knotweed. Growing next to cultivated plants, they affect the yield and quality of products, and quickly spread in the garden through seeds, fruits, and infructescences.
Weeds are classified according to their properties: agrobiological, which take into account how they feed, reproduce, and life expectancy, and botanical, which determine the class, family, variety, and genus of the weed.
Perennials
These include herbs such as creeping wheatgrass, wormwood, horse sorrel and others. They have a strong root system that lives for a long time, and the stems die off 1-2 years after fruiting, but these weeds can renew themselves from a small fragment.
Classification of perennial weeds:
| Rhizomatous | They have poor germination and seed survival. Their peculiarity is associated with underground stems and rhizomes. Each root node contains leaf primordia, which are located in front of the adventitious bud and form a lobe for the appearance of other adventitious roots. If you cut it, the supply of plastic substances will be depleted, which will lead to the death of the weed |
| Creeping | When they take root, a ground leaf rosette is formed. From it, stems with tendrils appear in all directions, which go deeper into the soil and form a daughter plant. This promotes the appearance of a new outlet. This is how the weed crawls across the surface of the soil. Only after a year does a peduncle form, which dies after fruiting |
| Taproot | The seeds contribute to the birth of a powerful root, the diameter of which can be more than 10 cm. This is a specific feature of the plant. Its neck is flush with the surface of the earth. The leaf rosette spreads along the ground. Only in the second year does a fruitful stem appear in it, which blooms, which leads to the death of the ground part. They grow in the third year from the buds of the root system |
| Fibrous root | Weeds have an underdeveloped main root, and when adventitious roots replace it, a fibrous root system appears. The shoots extend from the ground part of the plant and form a large bundle of equal length. Renewed buds are concentrated on the neck of the root. Repeated growth of adventitious roots at the base of the stem forms a dense tussock-like turf. If you cut the root collar with a tool during field work, it will not grow back. This indicates the weakness of vegetative propagation |
| Corms | The biological group of plants is distinguished by tuberous formations that formed at the base of the stem. In autumn, aboveground and underground shoots die off, but the tubers remain in the ground and tolerate the winter well. In some weeds, the tuber and rhizome can be easily separated. This becomes noticeable during tillage. The nodules remaining in the ground form a new weed in the spring. |
| Root shoots | This species has a taproot with horizontal lateral roots that extend deep into the ground. The buds are located there, germinating, a leaf rosette is formed, and subsequently a ground shoot. Weeds are very tenacious. Root fragments stimulate the germination of new buds |
Juveniles
They have a short lifespan, about 2 years. For example, in spring species such as quinoa, rapeseed, and wild oats, development ends in the fall after fruiting. They have a short growing season, high seed productivity, and germination appears at a temperature of +2-5˚С. Autumn seedlings of winter species tolerate winter well and only stop developing in summer. Such weeds include awnless brome, which is very useful for cattle, but interferes with cultural crops.
In wintering varieties, development resembles that of spring plants. Falling seeds take root and produce new shoots. In the rosette phase, they overwinter well, and in the spring, seeds ripen on the emerging flowering stem, from which they multiply, and the weed dies. Winter forms have a basal rosette of leaves. Young plants include biennial grasses. In the first year, the plant develops, a leaf rosette is formed from spring shoots, the root hides deep into the ground. Only in the second year does the weed begin to produce seeds. This biological group includes the shepherd's purse, field Yakut, and field broom.
The herbs described above are not cultivated by humans, but fill fields, forests, and summer cottages.
Garden and field weeds
From year to year, during the planting season, plant growers struggle with malicious pests. To find an effective way to destroy them, you need to know the characteristics and weaknesses of these plants. Weeds get into gardens and fields in different ways: they can lie in the soil, waiting for their germination, along with organic matter or compost, with seed material, or gusts of wind.
Garden weed causes great troubles and troubles for plant growers, and also interferes with the development of cultivated species. Popular and dangerous herbs:
| Ambrosia | A common and well-known enemy of all gardeners. The weed can cause severe allergies in humans. You need to make every effort to remove the grass from the garden. To do this, dig up the soil and use herbicides such as Roundal, Federal, Veyron |
| Wheatgrass | The grass is very difficult to remove. It belongs to the tenacious species. Digging will not rid the area of weeds; on the contrary, it will worsen the situation. This creeping plant sends its roots deep into the ground. Growth activity occurs when the soil is waterlogged |
| Pigweed palmate | The weed reproduces from the roots, which are located at a depth of 18-22 cm, so some difficulties arise when digging up the soil. The sharp, hard and rough leaves have hairs. You can't loosen the ground. This makes it possible for the roots to quickly multiply under the soil, then they send out shoots upward. That's why they called him the pig |
| Convolvulus | People have a second name: birch. The climbing weed has a long, wandering root. The appearance of seedlings that are distant from each other depends on it. Mulching is used to control grass. It does not allow the plant to spread throughout the area. Herbicides are also used ─ Deimos, Glyfor No. 1, Gesal, Grif, Hurricane |
Gardeners know how to deal with grass in order to get rid of it faster. For this purpose, chemical preparations are used ─ Tornado VR, Tornado 500, Fusilat Forte, Astera, Gesagard.
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Ambrosia 
Wheatgrass 
Pigweed Dusty 
Convolvulus
Many weeds have seeds with unique adaptations. They are capable of spreading over vast territories. For example, sow thistle and thistle have flies, dandelion has a parachute, and string or burdock have spines that attach to people’s clothing or animal fur. To know the “enemy by sight”, you need to imagine what he looks like and what he is like:
- Dodder. Weedy liana-like grass entwining a cultivated plant. Capable of taking nutrients and vitality from cereal and vegetable plants. More than 100 varieties of weed are known. The most dangerous are field, clover, flax, and hop. It is almost impossible to get rid of it, since chemicals do not work. Only prevention is effective to prevent the spread. Deep loosening of the soil to 25-30 cm is also effective.
- Quarantine species. The weed is being fought at the state level, as it causes significant damage to agricultural land: the yield decreases or the plantings completely die. The pest is capable of infecting crops with viruses and bacteria; the composition and structure of plants in the fields are also disrupted, and growing herbs are crowded out.
When the weed has occupied large areas, you need to act radically ─ use the herbicides Tirus, Targa, Targa-super.
The development of annual weeds occurs in a short growing season ─ from germination to seed ripening. It has high viability and can remain in the soil for several years:
| Quinoa | Throughout the summer, ripened grains fall to the ground and grow. You need to fight carefully. First, remove all the seeds by placing a bag over the plant to collect them. Then pull out the root. If this does not help, you need to mow it or treat it with a chemical ─ Gesagard, Bazagran M, Zenkor |
| The weed has thin stems that emerge from a nodal bud. Their height reaches up to 100 cm; a panicle is located at the top. Externally, the plant looks like oats. The seeds germinate well in warm weather. In the fight against wild oats, herbicides such as Herbitox, Diamax, Lintur, Lontrel-300, Sprut Extra, Tornado-500 have shown effectiveness | |
| Thistle | Prickly weed. Wild field plants infest not only vegetable gardens, but also forests. It displaces cultivated species and tolerates dry days well. The period of its death is the end of summer, otherwise it will spread the seeds across the fields. Once in the ground, they will be stored for a long period. To combat it, chemicals are used ─ Glyphosate, Lontrel, Napalm, Lontrel Grad |
Quinoa 
Thistle
Lawn weeds
When choosing a soil cover for a plot, gardeners imagine it as smooth and soft. But they do not imagine what troubles can arise with the arrangement of the lawn. Its main enemy is the weed. Main types:
| An annual plant 5 cm high and shoots 40 cm long. At the beginning of growth it is invisible, later small flowers appear on the stems. The entire look of the lawn grass deteriorates. It is attracted to compacted soils; it is not for nothing that bluegrass is sometimes confused with seed material for lawns | |
| A weed with yellow flowers takes root well in a young lawn where there are unplanted areas. It has a fleshy root that goes 20-25 cm deep and absorbs a large amount of nutrients | |
| Creeping weeds have a bright, succulent appearance, but are dangerous perennial plants. The chemical composition contains the substance protoanemonin, which poses a danger during collection. The length of the pest plant in some places reaches one meter. It has seed and vegetative development. Does well in damp soil | |
| The weed loves moist soil with a lot of useful elements. White or purple flowers are located on a thin stem 12 cm high. Reproduction occurs from shoots that quickly grow into the ground. It can decorate any lawn, forming beautiful spots on the green carpet. Thread-like grass can strengthen slopes | |
| Common sorrel (hare cabbage) | The perennial has a powerful root system and grows in groups. A viable plant 5-10 cm high with creeping spreading roots quickly develops and fills the lawn grass. There is no stem and the leaves are three-fingered, reminiscent of clover. To get rid of sorrel, you need to pull it out by the roots, since chemicals do not work effectively |
| Chickweed (woodlice) | A dangerous weed grows in moist soils, forming a spreading carpet. The growing season lasts 40 days. During the summer, the seeds have time to ripen 2-3 times. Each plant produces thousands of grains. For 5 years they are able to maintain their germination from a depth of 3 cm |
There are other types of lawn pests, such as cinquefoil, mustard, knotweed, white pigweed and others.
Useful weeds
All kinds of weeds are trying to grow on dacha properties. All of them should not be classified as useless, harmful plants. Many garden weeds can be used for medicinal and culinary purposes. Compresses, tinctures, and decoctions are prepared from them. Main types of beneficial herbs:
- Woodlice (medium chickweed). This low pest plant with white flowers gives gardeners a lot of trouble. But this green-colored carpet perfectly treats rheumatism, radiculitis and sprains. A decoction of woodlice is a pain reliever. To prepare it, you need to pour 1 cup of weed into 200 ml of boiling water and leave for 12 hours, strain and drink ¼ cup 3-4 times a day. Woodlice is used not only in treatment, but also in cooking. Salads seasoned with butter or sour cream are prepared from it. Such dishes reduce cholesterol and strengthen the walls of blood vessels.
- Stinging nettle. No one will get pleasure from touching this plant. Annual grass grows along roads, in summer cottages, blooms from June to autumn. First courses are prepared from it and added to salads, rich in vitamins A, B1 and B2, protein, iron, carotene, magnesium and copper. The weed acts on the human body as a tonic, helps improve the metabolic process, helps with allergies, anemia, and increases appetite. To prepare the tincture you need 1 tbsp. l. Dilute dry herbs in 200 ml of water. Place in a water bath, boil for 20-30 minutes, let steep for 15-20 minutes. Strain and bring the volume to 200 ml. Drink 1 tbsp. l. 3-4 times a day before meals for 7-10 days. The infusion can also be used to wash wounds.
- Plantain. Among all types of meadow grasses, a significant place is given to two of its varieties - large and medium. The leaf stops bleeding and acts as a disinfectant. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used to produce plantoglucinol, which relieves spasms. The juice of the plant is used to treat stomach, ulcers, gastritis, kidney diseases, and also for coughs. For the decoction you will need 1 tbsp. l. plants + 200 ml water. Boil for 10-15 minutes and let sit in a dark container until cool. Take 1 tbsp orally. l. 3-4 times a day after meals.
Poisonous
There are about 50 species of plant pests that are dangerous to human health. In addition to poisoning, the poisonous weed can cause burns. The consequences of interactions with dangerous herbs can be gastrointestinal diseases, nausea, and in some cases paralysis or death. Basically, the person who, due to inexperience, curiosity, or carelessness, came into contact with a poisonous plant is to blame for his troubles.
Main types of poisonous plants
It is important to distinguish a plant that can lead to poisoning from a similar representative of the flora:
- Hogweed belongs to the Umbelliferae family. There are various descriptions of poisonous and non-poisonous varieties, of which there are more than 70 species. It is not recommended to come close to the plant, as it is endowed with toxic properties that are harmful to health. A person will feel a headache, nausea, vomiting, body temperature rises, angioedema may occur and suffocation may occur. The peculiarity of the weed is ─ height up to 6 m, wide leaf with a diameter of 1 meter with various segments, inflorescence on a stem in the form of an umbrella 80 cm. The danger comes not only from the juice, but also from pollen, aroma, even dew. The plant is resilient and tolerates winter with severe frosts.
- Intoxicating chaff is dangerous because the seeds contain a poisonous mushroom. If you consume grains, a person will find himself in a semi-fainting state, he will want to sleep, and he will feel dizzy. It’s not for nothing that the weed has a second name: headwort. It is very similar to wheat, so at the beginning of growth it is difficult to recognize the chaff.
It is known that we are surrounded by over 10 thousand poisonous plants. There is no need to be afraid of them, but you need to know what they look like and handle them with caution so that no harm happens.
Preventive measures
It is impossible to completely free land plots from weeds, but reducing their number is quite possible. Weeds survive in the worst conditions and have fantastic endurance. Seeds left in the ground can resume germination after decades. Reproduction occurs not only from seeds, but also from fragments of stems and roots (sow thistle, wheatgrass, clover, coltsfoot, etc.). To prevent contamination of the area, you need to carry out prevention:
- Use only clean seed purchased from a specialized store.
- Use compost heaps to collect pest plants.
- Monitor crop rotation.
- Mow weeds as they begin to bloom.
Timely implementation of preventive measures creates favorable conditions for the development of cultivated plants.
Weeds are controlled using various methods. On the other hand, the experience of gardeners confirms that the presence of a small amount of weeds contributes to the health of many cultivated plants and also increases soil fertility.
Weeds in a summer cottage are the gardener’s worst enemies. They not only stifle the growth of vegetable crops, but also significantly spoil the appearance of the territory. Penetrating deep into the soil, weeds begin to draw out nutritional juices and minerals from the root system of the plant, depriving it of vitality and energy. As a result, all your efforts may be in vain, and the harvest will not please you with its scale and quality. What danger is there? weed in the garden? We will look at the types, photos of these plants, and names in this article.
Weed in the garden, photo
Today, weeds are those plants that grow chaotically in a summer cottage, do not provide any nutritional value and harm the growth of planted crops. According to experts, more than 3,000 weeds were studied, some of which are dangerous to humans.
Is it possible to get rid of weeds? No matter how sad it may sound, this can only be done for a while, since it will not be possible to completely destroy the pests. They get to the summer cottage in several ways:
- Through the ground. Living in the soil, the spores of some weeds await favorable conditions for germination and active growth. Usually this is after the rains.
- Through organic fertilizers. If you use manure or compost at your dacha, be careful to ensure that the fertilizer undergoes all necessary cleaning and proper processing.
- Through poor planting material. Seeds or seedlings purchased at the wild market can become carriers of harmful weeds that are not so easy to remove. Therefore, it is recommended to purchase planting material only in specialized stores.
- Through the wind. Even if you have perfectly cleaned your territory and pulled out all the weeds by the roots, there is no guarantee that the weed seeds will not migrate to you again. One gust of wind is enough for this.
Agronomists note that not all weeds cause harm. There are plants that benefit a summer cottage. For example, there are weeds with large, powerful horses. It is capable of breaking the soil into small pieces, preventing the formation of large compactions. Or there are plants with very deep roots that reach rare nutrients. This weed, if pulled out, can become a good fertilizer for your garden.
What harm do weeds cause? The main points can be highlighted:
- They reduce yields and prevent active growth of the crop.
- They release harmful and dangerous substances into the ground.
- They consume large amounts of nutrients and moisture, depriving the planted plants of this.
- They create a large shadow, which is not always useful in the area.
- They cause various diseases and insect attacks, since it is in weeds that pests most often live.
Types of weeds, their photos and names
Let's look at the most popular and dangerous weeds that can cause harm to the entire site.
Ambrosia. The most famous and common enemy of all gardeners. In addition to the fact that ragweed prevents the crop from breaking through and getting stronger, a large amount of this weed can cause severe allergies. It is important for each site owner to make every effort to remove all ragweed near the beds, fence and house. Digging up the soil and treating with chemicals also helps.
Ambrosia
Wheatgrass. Quite a tenacious plant that is difficult to get rid of. Its advantage is excellent survivability, so even after rolling, you can only aggravate the situation, provoking the reproduction of the plant throughout the entire territory. Wheatgrass lives on the surface of the earth, spreading roots deep down. How to get rid of weeds? The main rule is to avoid excessive waterlogging, as this will cause active growth. What wheatgrass is afraid of is drought and strong chemicals.
Quinoa. This weed grows on any soil, even if it is unfavorable. Although quinoa spoils the harvest, drowning it with its tall stems, it is a medicinal plant that is used for compresses. Getting rid of quinoa is quite simple, which pleases many summer residents - just pull it out by the roots.
To fight weeds in your summer cottage, you can use one or several methods at once:
- Mechanical. Includes weeding, mowing or trimming the grass. Quality plays a big role in this method, otherwise the weeds will start growing again.
- Chemical. Treatment of plants with all currently known herbicides and chemicals.
- Biological. Actions aimed at slowing down the growth of a plant or burning it out.
Now you know everything about weeds in the garden. Kinds, photos of these plants, the names are presented on our website and will help you find them in your summer cottage.
Weeds
Types of weeds on the lawn
To effectively destroy weeds on the lawn, there is no need to understand in detail their specific types and varieties; some basic knowledge is enough.
Annual and perennial weeds
First of all, it is necessary to distinguish between annual and perennial weeds.
Annuals often appear when the lawn is newly seeded.
Further, if you carefully monitor the lawn, feed it in a timely manner, water it and mow the grass before the weeds have time to become seeded, then they practically never appear again. There are a great many types of such weeds, but among the most common are:
- Quinoa is a dicotyledonous plant with large arrow-shaped whole leaf blades, sometimes painted silver, tall branched stems and a powerful root system.
- Wild radish is a weed with large pinnately branched leaves, small yellow four-petalled flowers and leguminous fruits.
- Shepherd's purse is a fairly tall plant (up to 60 cm) with a taproot system, oblong and serrated leaves and small white flowers on stalks.
The peculiarity of the weed is that it blooms and bears fruit throughout the season, as well as the long-term preservation of seeds in the soil.
- Knotweed is an erect or creeping branched weed on the lawn with a tap root system, whole arrow-shaped leaves and nut-shaped fruits, of which up to several thousand can form on one plant.
Photos of annual weeds are presented below:
Read also: Rust on the lawn
Perennial weeds on the lawn
How to get rid of perennial weeds on the lawn?
With them, mowing and maintaining a healthy lawn is no longer enough; the use of herbicides is usually also required.
And if this can be done with broad-leaved dicotyledonous plants at any necessary time, then treatment against weeds should be carried out even before sowing the lawn.
The reason for this is that lawn grasses are also grasses, and treatment against grassy weeds will also destroy the lawn.
Common perennials:
- Dandelion is a well-known plant with a long root (up to half a meter), a hollow arrow-shaped stem, a basal rosette of feathery leaves, bright yellow flowers-baskets and achene-shaped fruits equipped with flakes.
Effective measures to control dandelion on the lawn are pruning its root system and mowing during the period of active flowering.
- Thistle is a thorny herbaceous weed with narrow feathery leaves, lilac-violet inflorescences and characteristic fruits with small teeth, due to which the plant can cling to animals and spread over large areas.
- Thistle is a weed plant with a branched taproot system, which by 2-3 years can go 5-7 m deep, purple inflorescences, elongated leaves and achenes.
- Budra ivy is a creeping plant with a stem up to half a meter long, rooting shoots, rounded leaves on elongated petioles and tubular medium-sized flowers of violet-lilac tones.
Before you try to get rid of ivy borax from your lawn with chemicals (usually those containing boron), you should try to eliminate it by periodically mowing it.
Photos of perennial weeds are presented below:
Another unwanted guest on the lawn is nettle. This burning herbaceous plant has whole leaves with serrated edges, white or pinkish spike-shaped inflorescences and dry flat nut-shaped fruits.
Control measures include herbicide treatment and good lawn grass care, which is sometimes easier to provide by contacting a lawn care company.
Once you understand what kind of weeds you are faced with, you need to understand in detail how we will fight weeds.
We’ll talk about this in more detail in the article “How to fight weeds on the lawn.”
Weeding. How to weed weeds correctly?
Fighting weeds is hard work that takes a lot of time and effort from gardeners. However, the destruction of weeds is necessary in order not to lose part of the harvest. Weeds are distinguished by the fact that they multiply quickly, draw nutrients from the soil and displace cultivated plants.
To make weeding less labor-intensive, you must adhere to the following rules:
- constantly remove weeds from the beds, without postponing this work for later;
- when weeding fragile seedlings, pull out the weeds with your hands so as not to damage the cultivated plant;
- after watering or rain, it is much easier to pull out weeds;
- do not forget to loosen the soil between the rows of vegetables;
- mulch the beds.
Mulch prevents weeds from germinating;
- don't leave the land empty. It is better to plant green manure (annual plants that are planted to improve the chemical composition and structure of the soil) on the dug up soil;
- do not allow weeds to bloom and form seeds.
Otherwise, next year all the seeds that fall into the ground will germinate;
- Don’t make a lot of paths in your garden. They may become overgrown with weeds;
- hand weeding is more effective than using a hoe;
- you can use herbicides. They have different effects: some affect only weeds, others also affect cultivated plants.
Use only those that kill weeds;
- Before using herbicides, treat the garden with ammonium nitrate or diluted mullein.
This increases the growth of weeds and the effect of herbicides on them;
- many weed seeds are carried by the wind.
Weeds: photos and names
Therefore, it is necessary to fight them mainly at the boundaries of the site, between outbuildings;
- If the area is overgrown with weeds, then in the fall you should dig it without turning over the layers. It is better to use a pitchfork for this so as not to cut the weed rhizomes.
With this approach, seeds, plant roots and sprouts will die from frost. In the spring it will be necessary to dig up the area again.
Family crosses
The family Cruciferae includes herbaceous plants with alternative leaves, without any conditions.
Flowers in hand are regular, free wallets and free goods. Four hotels exchange four lanes that intersect. There are six stamens, four longer and the outer two shorter. It is variegated with a bivalve ovary separated by a false septum. At the bottom of the patch are nectars. The fruit is under or under, multi-functional, cracked on two leaves or divided into bleaching segments.
It is rare to eat fruits with one seed. Cross seeds without endosperm with a curved embryo are rich in oil. When identifying plants, along with other organs, these are important fruits. The family has a lot of weeds and cultivated plants - oilseeds.
More than 2000 cross species are known.
crustaceans
Brassica oleracea (Figure 1) is a biennial plant that develops fleshy stems and succulent leaves in its first year.
In the second year, cabbage is planted in deep, fertilized areas to produce seeds. Its stems reach 60-120 cm. The upper leaves of cabbage are fixed, oblong, teeth, mandibular, literate.
The leaves are covered with a waxy coating, they are bare and shiny. Light yellow flowers sit in elongated, sparse racemes. The sepals, like the stamens, are in a vertical position.
Prussae are oblong, vertical, noble, the seeds are spherical, brownish, smooth. The valve on the fetus is one median vein. Cabbage is one of the most important plants.
Figure 1. Crucifixion.
I - type of cabbage: 1 - white head; 2 - Savoy; 3 - color; 4 - Brussels; 5 - kohlrabi; 6 sheets. II - structure of cabbage: 1 - head in section; 2 - flowering; 3 - color; 4 - petals; 5 - columns and pile; 6, 7 - lines.
Cabbage has many varieties and varieties that differ greatly from each other as a result of cultivation goals and methods. In addition to the many varieties of white and red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var sapitata), the variation of varieties (varietas) is designated by the Latin alphabet - var.: Ohrovata (var.
sabauda) with folded leaves arranged in a loose head; Brussels sprouts (var gemmifera) with many small bacon trees sitting around the stem; kohlrabi (var gongyloides) with a highly concentrated fleshy ball; Cauliflower cauliflower with a mass of white undeveloped fleshy flowers sitting on fleshy succulent florets surrounded by green leaves; leafy cabbage (var.
acephala), used in animal feed.
From other cross crops follows cultivation.
Rep (Brassica rapa var. rapifera) is grown as a plant plant and as feed (tail or fodder beet). The plant is two years old.
Brücka (Brassica napus var.
esculenta) - plant and plant. The roots have a wrinkled surface.
Oilseed rape (Brassica napus var.
oleifera) is an annual plant with a thin root. The seeds contain from 35 to 55% fatty oil. There is a rainy spring and winter.
This plant is also found in the wild as a weed and is a close relative of Rutabag.
The plant species grown is garden radish (Raphanus sativus), which comes in two varieties: radish (R. sativus var. niger) and radish (R. sativus var. radicola).
White mustard (Sinapis alba), black mustard (S. nigra) and mustard (S. junceae) are grown for their oil-rich seeds. In addition to oils, it is also used to make cake (for mustard).
Mustard white is used as a good honey factory.
There are a lot of weeds.
Wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) (Fig. 2, I) is a weed that is often found on spring plants in the black soil zone, although it is found in more northern areas. The plant is annual, up to 30-60 cm in height, with stems and leaves covered with hard hair. The lower leaves are mostly lyre-shaped, basal with ears, the upper and middle leaves are oval, serrated.
Yellow flowers are collected in the apical and axillary arms, bent perpendicularly with them. Ponds with a decaying tip, sharp spines along the edges, shorter than the fruit.
Fruit valves with three straight veins, opening; the seeds are black, smooth, some of them fall into the grain and partially decompose. Seeds remain germinating for up to seven years, and they can lie in the soil for up to ten years without losing germination.
Figure 2. Crucifixion.
I am wild mustard.
II - wild radish: 1 - flowering shooter and leaf; 2 - flower; 3 - stems and fist; 4 - partially under. III - common sturgeon. IV - sowing seeds. V - shepherd. VI - field: 1 - escape; 2 - small floor.
Wild radha (Raphanus raphanistrum) (Fig. 2, II) is a 30-40 cm annual weevil, very common in spring crops. The stem is straight, branched, covered with sparse and hard hair.
The leaves are hidden, uneven. The flowers are usually cross-shaped, the petals are bright yellow, with dark yellow or purple veins, the cup is pressed against the flowers.
The fruits are clearly swollen and burst into separate segments during ripening, with a flash at the top. The plant is dirty.
For leguminous weeds, crecipher includes various types of bittercress (Barbare), arable land (Sisymbrium), heartwood (cardamine), Arabis (Arabis), Erysimum (Erysimum) and others.
Plant plant plant and name
Of these, biennial and perennial weeds are common in crops: common rape (Barbarea vulgaris); plant with a pleasant smell, vegetable. Decorative crucifix that has a scent are Mathliola, Lacfiol (Cheiranthus), Vespers (Hesperis) which are also found in nature.
Screw factories
Camelina sativa (Fig. 2, IV) - annual or biennial, 30-100 cm high, appears as a weed in spring and winter crops.
Winter forms produce rose leaves in the fall, and they grow in the spring. Spring begins with their development. The stems are flat, the leaves on the stem are sagittal, sessile. The inflorescence is a raceme. The flowers are golden yellow. The pods are pearl-shaped, with a wide septum, the valves are convex, and there are processes at the upper end.
The seeds are small and red. In spring crops there is the species Camelina sativa var. glabrata Camelina is common in the south and is grown locally as an oil plant. It is similar to weeds in linen products (S. sativa var., Iinicola).
Sheep's bursa (Capsella bursa pastoris) (Fig. 2, V) is an annual or biennial small plant that grows everywhere in weeds, roads and fields.
When developed as a two-year-old child, the deciduous leaves of the pine with triangular toothed shells have a rosette and small overlapping notched leaves at the edge.
The inflorescence is a raceme, the flowers are small, white, the plant is naked or with hair. The fruits are concentrated in the shape of a heart, triangular, flattened by a suture, perpendicular to the septum, and the septum is already a small base.
Field grass (Thlaspi arvense) (Fig. 2, VI) grows in the same place as the shepherd's. The leaves of Seli are elongated, sessile, toothed, with a leaf base, the leaves are rosette petiolate, twisted.
The rod is crushed. The plant is glabrous, yellowish-green. The brush at the top bears small white crosses, which later turn into threads, oval spheres, with apricot accessories. The barrier in the old one is already a fruit, since the fruits are located perpendicular to the partition. There are 6-7 seeds in a nest.
Everywhere along the roads, along the ditches, there is a gray-green horn (Berteroa incana), which also has fruit trees. Spreading the crop results in damage.
Horseradish plants include horseradish (Cochlearia armoracia), clipper plants (Lepidium) and grasses (Draba). The fruits are elliptical with convex leaves. The fetal septum is equal to the width of the stretch because the fruit is parallel to the septum (as in ginger).
Orchid Cruciferous
Eastern Sverbig (Bunias orientalis) is located along roads, in fallow fields. A large biennial cross plant with a branched stem, the leaves are separated from the jaw, a triangular upper slit and a spear-shaped base.
The upper leaves are narrowed and lanceolate. The plant is rough, with yellow flowers of fragrant mills and spherical unequal fruits, two nests, and I doubt it.
Veida dye (Isatis tinctoria) appears to be wild in the southern part of the former USSR and was produced to produce blue.
See also:
cabbage
Animal poisoning by rape
radish
Familiar family
What plant does the witch put in his potion to calm him down?
How cows ate stupid
Poisonous herb of the Solanaceae family
The poisonous plant that poisoned the juice by Hamlet's father
Plant of the Solanaceae family, poisonous
In the Middle Ages in Germany, the seeds of this plant were used to increase the intoxicating effects of drinks.
Medicinal plant
Things that can be overloaded
Medicinal herb
Toxic plant
weeds weeds
Greenhouse
Toxic weeds
Feeling the grass
Herb that “permeates” the mind
A plant whose seeds were added to beer in the Middle Ages
Pleasant scent smell
Infectious healing herb
Herbal herb with amazing smell
Toxic weeds
Toxic plant of this family.
nightshades
Traditional medicine, which sometimes ignores the appearance of an idiot in the eyes of other people
Toxic Weed Seed
Garden Pleasure: Name, Common Types and How to Control Them
Herb that “permeates” the mind
Weeds
Every year during the gardening season, simultaneously with planting and growing vegetables and fruits, we have to fight against malicious weeds. To choose the most suitable removal method, you need to know the enemy by sight. After reading this article, you will learn about the most common types of weeds that grow in garden plots, as well as some field weeds.
The weed received this name due to its highly developed creeping root system. The rhizomes reach a depth of up to 15 cm and grow throughout the garden plot with incredible speed. It is precisely because of the long roots that grow firmly into the soil that it is very difficult to get rid of the weed by weeding or manual digging. Parts of the roots remaining in the soil grow again after three to four days.
Wheatgrass is very tough; it is advisable to dig through it with gloves so as not to cut your hands. The stems can reach from 40 cm to one and a half meters in height. The leaves are flat, rough, reach from 20 to 40 cm in length, from 0.3 to 1 cm in width. It blooms in June-July with spikelets, the length of which is up to 2 cm, and the width is from 0.5 to 0.7 cm. The weed reproduces by rhizomes and seeds that are formed in spikelets.
Wheatgrass – A perennial weed, it can be found not only in garden plots, but also in fields, near roads and river banks. The weed is very resistant to diseases and pests, and is not picky about soil composition or climatic conditions.
The most effective way to control the weed is to weed the small wheatgrass sprouts. If you allow wheatgrass to grow until the flowering period, it will be extremely difficult to get rid of it. Over large areas and fields, pesticides are used to fight the enemy.
Did you know? You have no idea what a useful weed this is. Creeping wheatgrass has many medicinal properties. In the medical field, it is used to improve metabolism, purify the blood, and also as a diuretic and laxative. As a medicine it is most popular in Switzerland and Germany.
Purslane is the most common garden weed. Its stems are creeping, brown, and reach a length of up to 40 cm. The leaves are small, oblong-oval, dark green in color. The flowers are small, light yellow. It blooms in June and blooms until August. The seeds are thrown out in September.
The weed has enviable vitality. Adapts to any soil and various unfavorable conditions. It has long creeping roots, which in case of rain sprout even after weeding. However, the stems of the weed are tender, not as sharp as those of wheatgrass, and therefore tear easily. In addition to digging, effective methods of weed control include mulching and autumn digging of the soil. Mulching involves covering the soil with straw, which will retard the growth of weeds. Deep digging prevents the germination of purslane seeds.
Important!You only need to pull out or weed the purslane with its roots. Otherwise, in a couple of days the weed will again show off in the garden plot.
Woodlice is a herbaceous weed that is the most difficult to control. It throws out seeds twice a year, so it multiplies very quickly. A single plant can produce about 25 thousand seeds. When they enter the soil, they immediately begin to germinate. In addition, the weed can reproduce by parts of the stems.
There are about ten species of woodlice. Among them there are both annual and perennial representatives. The stems are branched and thin, but do not tear easily. The leaves are small, oval-shaped with pointed ends, bright green. It blooms with small white flowers, somewhat similar to field daisies.
Gooseberry is a perennial weed. The stems are thin, green, and can reach from half a meter to a meter in height. The leaves are double or triple pinnate, oval, pointed at the edges. The inflorescences look like umbrellas (like elderberries), abundantly strewn with small white flowers. It grows on any type of soil, and its viability period reaches fifty years. It has a powerful horizontally creeping rhizome. Blooms from June to July.
The moth grows especially actively in semi-shaded and shaded places. The weed is difficult to remove. At the same time, it also has beneficial properties. The weed attracts bees very well with its sweet smell. The leaves and stems of the plant contain a lot of carotene and protein. Therefore, the aroma of the plant is slightly reminiscent of the smell of carrots. Sometimes saplings can be confused with flowering carrot stems.
Did you know? Dreamweed does not have a dormant period, as many plants require. In areas where winters are not very cold, it can grow all year round. In park and forest areas, the plant represents an entire ecosystem.
To remove weeds from large areas, you will need to treat them with herbicides more than once. However, it is worth remembering that this weed also has many beneficial properties. Carrion is a pigment-forming crop; it is used to dye fabric in yellow and green shades. The plant is very effectively used in folk medicine to remove toxins from the body, improve digestion and metabolism, for kidney and bladder diseases, and also as an anti-inflammatory and wound-healing agent.
There is probably not a person who has never seen nettle and tasted its “sting.” This plant is very common not only in vegetable gardens, but also in forests and fields. Nettle is also very popular for its medicinal properties and is widely used in medicine.
The plant has a creeping horizontal root system. The stems are straight, branched, reaching up to one and a half meters in height. The stems are densely packed with stinging hairs, which sting us when we touch the plant.
The leaves are placed on long petioles opposite each other. They have a rich green color. At the base, their shape is similar to a heart, pointed towards the ends, and jagged at the edges. Blooms from early summer to September. The inflorescences are represented by small spikelets.
Important! Nettle has many medicinal properties, the effectiveness of which has been proven by more than one study. The plant is used to stop gastrointestinal, hemorrhoidal, uterine bleeding, treat arthritis, arthrosis, stomach and kidneys. Therefore, you should think twice before completely getting rid of such a weed.
Field sow thistle is a beautiful flowering perennial plant. It can reach two meters in height. It can be found in abundance anywhere: in fields, lawns, forests, parks, vegetable gardens, near roads. Has a powerful root system. The leaves are presented in the form of jagged triangles. It blooms with beautiful bright yellow flowers. Blooms in June. When the plant fades, instead of yellow baskets, caps of white hairs form on it. These are the seeds (fruit) of thistle. With a light breeze they scatter like fluff.
The stems and leaves of thistle have a bitter juice, so they are not very popular with animals. But bees love this plant. Sow thistle gives them a lot of pollen and nectar. In cooking, the plant is often used to make salads. Maybe now you know what kind of weed this plant is? And this is the real dandelion, which is known not only to adults, but also to every child.
Did you know? Field sow thistle has a large number of medicinal properties. It has long been used in medicine as a diuretic, anthelmintic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and antipyretic agent.
T Also a well-known and very common weed. The plant usually reaches a height of 80 cm, although sometimes tall representatives up to one and a half meters in length are found. It has a highly branched root system. It reproduces by root shoots, which, despite their fragility, take root very well. The stems are long and vertical. The leaves are hard, narrow, with jagged edges. The lower leaves are pinnate. It blooms with beautiful inflorescences of blue and purple colors. Blooms from July to August. The plant is drought-resistant and unpretentious to soil composition.
The main methods of weed control include:
- deep digging of soil;
- deep weeding;
- herbicide treatment.
Euphorbia is one of the most famous and common weed plants. It has a thick stem and spiny triangular leaves. The plant received this name due to the fact that its stems and leaves contain white juice, which in appearance is very reminiscent of milk.
The weed can reach several meters in height. The root system of milkweed is strong and can go several meters deep. It is almost impossible to remove an adult plant from the site with bare hands. Therefore it has to be dug up. The plant is drought-resistant and unpretentious to soil composition. The best methods of weed control are deep weeding, autumn digging and herbicide treatment. The plant does the greatest harm to grain crops, as it greatly slows down their growth.
Important! Euphorbia is often given to livestock as food. However, it should be borne in mind that most of its species contain toxic substances that can harm animals.
Field bindweed is a perennial plant with a thin climbing stem and a well-developed creeping root system. The length of the weed reaches one meter. The leaves are small, oval, and arranged along the stems in a spiral. It blooms with beautiful delicate flowers in white, pink or white-pink shades. The inflorescences are bell-shaped. This weed is also popularly called “birch tree” or “bellflower”.
Bindweed can be found not only in the garden, but also in fields, on lawns, and near roads. Excessive development of the weed significantly reduces the yield of agricultural plants. This is explained by the fact that the weed takes all the nutrients and moisture from the soil. It is very difficult to fight the plant, because the root of the weed is creeping and goes to great depths. Deep digging and herbicide treatment are the most effective methods.
An annual and biennial plant that is found in vegetable gardens, fields, and near roads. The stems of the weed are rough, covered with small fibers, straight, reaching a length of a meter. The leaves are long, thin, pointed at the ends. The roots are thin and deep. Blooms all summer long. The inflorescences are blue, purple, and sometimes white. Several branches may extend from the stems, on which small inflorescences also form. Propagated by seeds. The plant is resistant to drought, diseases and pests. Seeds retain the ability to germinate for up to 10 years. 
Did you know? Blue cornflower is used in winemaking. It is used to tint champagne and vermouth and gives them a pink tint.
A perennial plant, most common in forests and meadows. The stems are straight and reach a height of up to half a meter. The leaves are oval, pointed at the edges. Propagated by seeds and tubers that are attached to the roots of the plant. It blooms with small purple and dark crimson flowers. The inflorescences are a bit like a spikelet. The fruits of the plant are brown nuts. On the one hand, chickweed is a weed and interferes with the growth of garden crops.
On the other hand, it has many useful properties:
- stops uterine bleeding;
- calms;
- helps with insomnia;
- lowers blood pressure.
The plant has a creeping rhizome. The leaves are compound, three- and five-fingered. Depending on the type, the leaves may be green, burgundy or purple. It blooms with soft pink inflorescences that are bell-shaped. The peculiarity of this plant is that it can have inflorescences capable of self-pollination. Propagated by seeds. The seeds are thrown out from the capsule, which is formed after the weed has flowered. 
An annual, very difficult to remove weed. People also call it chicken millet. The stems of the plant are thin, sharp, and can reach a height of a meter. The stems of adult plants bend slightly towards the top. The leaves are thin, long, pointed at the ends, rough. The inflorescences are very reminiscent of spikelets. Their length can reach 20 cm. The spikelets are light green in color. The flowering period is from July to September. 
Important!Barnyard grass can be used usefully. The cut weed is an excellent feed for livestock and is also suitable for making hay.
Pigweed is one of the main and most common weeds. It has a well-developed creeping root system. The stem is thin, along it there are thin leaves pointed at the end opposite each other. The color of the weed ranges from green to light green. Inflorescences are presented in the form of spikelets. Toward the end of the inflorescence, the spikelets gather into an umbrella.
Blooms from June to September. Propagated by seeds and roots. Under the soil cover, pigweed forms thin root shoots that can appear on the surface of the soil. Then the shoots become green, the scales turn into leaves, and the weed trudges further along the surface of the earth. Then the shoots can again go into the ground and continue to develop in the form of a white root. Due to this developmental feature, the weed was called pigweed.
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Many people purchase a country plot to grow vegetables and herbs. In the process of tending their beds, they encounter the problem of weeds. Therefore, the issue of weed control and prevention of their appearance on the site becomes relevant for them. There are many ways that can effectively combat these plants, including pigweed. The choice of a specific one largely depends on the biological characteristics of the particular plant and the place where it grows. The main types of weeds, as well as methods of controlling them, will be discussed below.
Classification of weeds
Based on three biological characteristics, it is customary to classify weeds according to:
- life expectancy;
- method of reproduction;
- way of eating.
Based on the characteristic of life expectancy, weeds are divided into young and perennial.
Minors
Seed propagation is the main method for young weeds. This group includes:
- ephemerals - grasses belonging to this group have a growing season of less than one season;
- spring - the growing season for weeds of this group is the same as for annual grasses. Often, plantings with cultivated plants become clogged with just such weeds;
- winter annuals - these grasses sprout in the autumn months. They usually infest perennial grasses, as well as wheat crops;
- biennial - their full development cycle consists of two growing seasons.
Perennial
The peculiarity of perennial weeds is that they can grow in one place for up to 4 years. After the seeds have ripened, such herbs death of ground organs occurs, while their root system continues to develop. Every year, weeds grow stems from the underground part. Reproduction of perennial weeds occurs either by seeds or vegetatively.
Based on the type of nutrition, all weeds are divided into the following types:
Weeds in the garden
When growing vegetables in the garden, the owner often encounters a large number of weeds that interfere with the growth and development of garden crops. To do this, you have to fight them and remove them from the soil. The following weeds appear in gardens most often:
creeping wheatgrass. It is worth saying that it grows not only in vegetable gardens, but also in floodplains, as well as in fields and roads. The peculiarity of wheatgrass is that it has a deep root system. This ensures its rapid spread throughout the area. The stem of this herb is erect, the leaves are flat and quite long with a rough surface. A feature of wheatgrass is that it is resistant to negative environmental conditions. Its reproduction occurs by rhizomes. This weed can grow on almost any type of soil. Wheatgrass belongs to the group of perennials and is part of the grass family. If the owner finds wheatgrass shoots on the site, then need to get rid of it so that it does not interfere with the growth of other cultivated plants. You should especially take care of removing wheatgrass if you plan to plant potatoes on your site. If you do not make efforts and do not fight wheatgrass, this can lead to complete overgrowing of the area with its seedlings;
field bindweed. This plant belongs to the group of perennials. During its growth, it envelops the stems of cultivated plants. One plant is able to confuse garden crops over an area of up to 2 square meters. m. Most often, berry bushes suffer from this weed. The length of the stem of this plant can reach up to 180 centimeters. The leaves are arrow-shaped. The fruits of this shrub look like a two-nest box. The roots of field bindweed are branched and go deep enough into the ground up to 5 cm. Therefore, it is quite a difficult task to completely get rid of it. To do this, you will have to dig up all the roots of the plant;- garden purslane. This weed belongs to the group of annual herbs. It has thick reddish walls and fleshy leaves. Its stem length can reach 60 cm. A significant area of the site can be covered with shoots of the plant. Purslane is a weed that can be used for medicinal purposes. It is also often used in cooking when preparing dishes;
- woodlice. This weed belongs to the class of annuals and is ephemeral. The first shoots of the plant appear in early spring. When the time comes for cultivated plants to germinate, this weed grows into a continuous carpet. Carrot crops suffer most often from this weed;
acorn thrown back. This weed belongs to the spring group and is an annual plant. Its distinctive feature is high fertility. Note that the seeds of this grass are not afraid of mechanical stress, therefore, they retain their ability to germinate for 40 years. This herb is characterized by a tall stem up to 150 cm long. The leaves have an ovate-rhombic shape. The flowers of this weed are collected in a paniculate inflorescence. Seed germination can occur from a depth of no more than 3 cm.
Lawn weeds
Not only vegetable beds, but also lawns suffer from weeds, such as pigweed. Weeds that appear on the site of a lawn can ruin a beautiful green carpet. Therefore, in order to maintain a green lawn, the owner of the site needs to remove weeds from the lawn. Most often you encounter the following types of weeds on lawns:
Beneficial weeds on the site
It should be said that not all weeds that grow in the garden area harm the plantings. Among them there are also wild plants that provide certain benefits, namely:
Weeds are a major problem faced by many gardeners. A variety of methods are used to combat them. They are removed manually, and in the most advanced cases, chemicals are used. If you do not fight them, the area can turn into a green carpet that will interfere with the growth of garden crops. That's why You need to constantly care for your garden or remove all plants appearing on the site, including pigweed. In this case, the crops on your site will grow well and produce an excellent harvest.
