In addition to creative imagination, human creativity also plays an important role. Creativity is the ability to accept and create fundamentally new ideas that deviate from traditional or accepted patterns of thinking. It is important to note that human creativity is a heterogeneous property that has several characteristics. The most common are the characteristics identified by the famous American psychologist Joy Paul Guilford back in the 60s of the last century. There are only four of these characteristics:
And you will learn how to develop these characteristics below:
Developing Guilford's Four Qualities of Creativity
Productivity
The concept of "productivity" comes from English word"productivity". Initially, it was used in agricultural and livestock farming activities in order to identify the most fertile and offspring-producing specimens. As industry developed, this term began to be used in production - in Russian, the concept of “productivity” became similar to this word. Currently, the term “productivity” is used to assess a person’s creative potential, being a reflection of his ability to produce creative objects.
In addition, the presented concept is also applied in the field. Here it can be characterized as follows:
Productivity is a person’s ability to create a certain amount of something or perform a certain amount of actions in a specific period of time.
Typically, productivity is measured in numerical terms, but there are often cases when it can be given an emotional value.
It is also worth noting that productivity is not innate, but acquired, which means it can be called a skill that can be developed and improved. Moreover, if a person is productive, then this will manifest itself in all his activities.
High productivity is the basis high results, achieving which a person receives satisfaction and joy from what he does.
Flexibility of thinking
Flexibility of thinking is a person’s ability to find new solutions and the ability to effectively use available source material, as well as quickly change one’s thinking and behavior, depending on the situation.
Flexibility of thinking means that a person can see any specific situation in the process of development and predict its likely outcome. Thanks to the flexibility of thinking, a person has the ability to quickly find a way out of difficult situations and right decisions difficult tasks, as well as eliminate intrapersonal conflicts. A person with this quality is able to think objectively and adequately perceive what is happening around him.
Originality of thinking
Originality of thinking is a person’s ability to put forward new, unusual and unexpected ideas that differ significantly from already known, trivial, generally accepted ones.
Originality of thinking can manifest itself in activity, communication, and interaction with other people. A huge number of experts consider originality to be one of the main characteristics of creative people.
It is also important to say that originality of thinking allows not only to generate new ideas or create interesting projects, but also to develop and develop existing ones. And this, in turn, provides invaluable assistance and support to a person both in creativity and in scientific, educational, technical, entrepreneurial and any other activities.
But we should not forget that originality of thinking is often associated with a critical assessment of new ideas by others. You can often observe situations when original ideas are perceived with hostility by other people. Therefore, a person with original thinking must develop other qualities of his personality, such as the ability to persuade and argue his point of view, and pressure from outside, non-conflict, sociability, etc.
Complex problem solving skills
The ability to solve complex problems should be understood as a special skill that includes two components - analytical and practical. The analytical component is responsible for the analysis of the problem that has arisen, its assessment, development possible options her decisions. And the practical component is responsible for actually putting the decision into practice, the transition from theory to practice.
The nature of the solution to any problem always depends on the characteristics of each individual situation. But the most important thing is to initially collect information about the current problem, and only after that, already having factual knowledge, proceed directly to the solution. In some cases, which, by the way, are now becoming more and more numerous, the most suitable solution can be found exclusively with .
Has the ability to solve complex problems unique property- given that this is a skill, it can be developed and cultivated in every possible way. Moreover, the more complex the tasks a person sets for himself, the greater the potential for solving problems he begins to have.
Problem solving skills, like the others we discussed above, are very important for a person in his everyday life, because problems systematically arise in absolutely any sphere of life: creativity, science, business, social, technical work etc.
Let us repeat ourselves and remind you that productivity, flexibility and originality of thinking, as well as the ability to solve complex problems can be developed. Accordingly, every person striving to increase their personal productivity and effectiveness and develop their personal qualities, including creative potential, can make efforts to develop the above-mentioned qualities.
Below we invite you to familiarize yourself with a number of recommendations and a list of several effective games aimed at developing each of the qualities we have considered.
Exercises to develop creativity qualities
For a more convenient understanding of the material, we will divide the list of recommendations and games into blocks, so that, if such are your intentions, you can move on to developing a specific skill, bypassing the others.
You can increase your productivity by following these tips:
- Constantly track the results of your actions
- Conduct your activities in
- Skillfully
- Always do the important things first
- Remember that, and vice versa
- useful activity
- Exercise
- Improve your professional skills
- Pay enough attention
Productivity-enhancing games include “Mafia” (a verbal role-playing game), “Poker” (the famous card game), Monopoly (one of the most popular economic games) and others. In addition, developing productivity is closely related to your associative thinking.
Association chains
This game is aimed at developing associative thinking.
First, you will be asked to complete ten chains of 3 words with your association. Try to come up with an association that is very well connected with the proposed words, but with no others.
After completing the chains, you need to find the extra elements in the previously constructed chains. Click "Start" to start the game.
The following tips will help you make your thinking more flexible:
- Give up any stereotypes and patterns that limit your thinking
- Regularly review your own beliefs, attitudes and principles
- Don't dwell on past defeats, victories and achieved results.
- Read more
- Apply different behavioral strategies in everyday life
- Use special techniques to activate thinking (for example,)
- Strive to gain new experiences, emotions and impressions
- Expand your horizons
- Learn to look at things and problems from different angles
You can influence your thinking, making it original and different from the thinking of other people, by resorting to the following tips:
- Get rid of any prejudices in your mind
- Develop your creativity and
- Strive to constantly learn new information
- Work on your productivity (apply the recommendations above)
- Develop
- Chat with interesting and unusual people
- Always look for several options for solving problems and resolving situations
- Systematically solve special problems involving lateral thinking
- Study biographies and autobiographies famous people
- Apply the “” method in your activities
Games that develop originality of thinking include games like "", "", "Danetka", as well as all kinds of charades, puzzles, puzzles, labyrinths, etc.
As for developing the skill of solving complex problems, here we can give the following recommendations:
- Don’t ask the question: “Can I?” - instead ask yourself: “Do I want to? How can I solve the problem? , intellectual and any other games that are as close to reality as possible. Feel free to try “Monopoly”, “Imaginarium”, “Activity”, “Millionaire”, etc.
In conclusion, I would just like to add that with the help of the information presented in this lesson, you can not only develop your creative thinking, but also improve many of your other personal qualities, which will undoubtedly be useful to you in your life and work.
Test your knowledge
If you want to test your knowledge on the topic of this lesson, you can take a short test consisting of several questions. For each question, only 1 option can be correct. After you select one of the options, the system automatically moves on to the next question. The points you receive are affected by the correctness of your answers and the time spent on completion. Please note that the questions are different each time and the options are mixed.
Exercises to develop creative thinking,
Memory, intelligence and intelligence
This book contains many of the latest tests that will help you develop your intelligence. A wide variety of puzzles and tests cover such areas of intelligence as creative thinking, logical thinking, intelligence and memory. Here you will find hints as well as answers to tasks.
Introduction
A little about the human brain
Creative thinking
Memory Puzzles Intelligence
Intelligence testing
Hints
Introduction
The brain is the most important and valuable human organ. With the help of the brain, the perception of the surrounding world is carried out; the brain stores memories; The brain shapes our speech, skills, thoughts, feelings, and at the same time, it is this part of our body that we are probably most prone to neglect.
This intricate network of nerves and nerve endings, an organ that has evolved over hundreds of years, somehow manages all the systems of our body, while at the same time processing a powerful flow of new information and acquiring new skills.
Many people take their brains for granted. They quite sincerely believe that mental abilities are given from birth and that nothing can be done to improve them. This book aims to clearly demonstrate that this is not true and that your mental potential can be significantly increased and your brain can be used to its fullest.
Gymnasts, for example, hone their skills through constant training. We present exercises for the mind, by doing which you can train your brain in the same way as muscles are trained.
We did not intend to write a textbook about the structure of the brain and its work, but sometimes it is very important to understand how the brain works. Therefore, we devoted several pages to its structure in the second chapter.
"A little about the human brain." In the rest of the book you will find a large number of entertaining problems and exercises in all the main areas of mental activity: creative thinking, memory, logical thinking, quick wit and intelligence. The exercises are selected and presented so that the exercises bring you pleasure.
By exploring new areas, being interested in the unknown, and engaging in self-education, you can expand
horizons of your mind. We hope that this book will become a starting point on this path.
Creative thinking
The concept of “creative thinking” covers thought processes that lead to solutions, creation of unusual and original ideas, generalizations, theories, and artistic forms.
For many of us, creativity remains undeveloped throughout our lives; we cannot know what exactly we are capable of until we try our best. We all have creative
(right) hemisphere of the brain, and therefore we are all capable of creativity. Of course, someone is born with the makings of a great composer, someone - an artist, and someone - an athlete. Yes, young Mozart
started writing music when he was four years old. But Anna Marie Robertson (1860-1961), also called Granny Moses, was a self-taught American artist who spent most of her life as a farmer's wife. Only when she was already over seventy did she suddenly begin to paint rural landscapes for her own pleasure. By the time she was eighty years old, her first author's exhibition had opened at the Saint-Etienne Gallery in New York, and her career as an artist had opened up for her. IN in this case The old adage “you never know what you can do until you try” has never been more true.
Educators and teachers are faced with the task of revealing and supporting the creative abilities of all young people. However, this is not always possible. Often in our age of narrow specialization, one person’s talent is directed towards a specific professional activity, while all other hidden talents of youth fade away without being developed. However, each of us, through new leisure activities or new hobbies, can use the potential of our brain, which is often very little used.
Many of us are quite well equipped to realize this potential: after all, our brains have received and processed a huge amount of information during our lives. In music, for example, there is improvisation - the art of creating a work directly in the process of its performance. To learn how to improvise, a musician must first master the basics of the style in which he plans to play. Having mastered the generally accepted norms of style, the musician, as it were, accumulates
head a library of effective chord progressions and melodies, which become the starting point for improvisation. These memory reserves link his music with cultural heritage, but he always has the opportunity for spontaneous creativity.
CREATIVE THINKING TEST
1. Study this series of figures, find a pattern and continue this series in accordance with the pattern found. You have 30 minutes to solve ten problems.
For example:
Answer:
Explanation: Four circles and two squares are divided into four parts. The black sector in each shape moves one segment clockwise.
This task will test your imagination and dominant hemisphere brain
2. Take matches and nine coins. Use matches to make four pens for piglets on the table. Coins
Your piglets. Place the piglets in the pens so that each pen contains an odd number of piglets.
3. This is an imagination task. There is such a game: the players are told some incomprehensible situation, and they need to find out from the host what is happening. You can ask questions to which the presenter answers “yes,” “no,” or, in extreme cases, “no answer.”
We present several such mysterious situations. Use your imagination and find explanations for how similar situations could happen. At the end of the book you will find our explanations. However, our answers do not have to coincide with yours. The more answers you can come up with for each situation, the better.
(1). London. A man sits in a restaurant and reads a newspaper he has just bought. In chapter latest news he reads: "On a liner cruising the Caribbean Sea, one of the passengers fell overboard and died." He immediately realizes that a murder has occurred.
(2). A dead man lies next to the cactus. A piece of paper is pinned to the cactus.
(3). A man is driving in a car along an empty road. Suddenly the car loses control and crashes into a lamppost. Hearing the sound of the accident, people immediately come running and find the driver lying dead on the steering wheel with a crossbow arrow in his back.
(4). A man lies in bed in a hotel room. He can't sleep. He picks up the phone, dials the number without saying anything, hangs up and immediately falls asleep.
(5). A man walks along the road and a pebble gets into his sandal; he stops and, leaning against a post, tries to shake it out. At the same time, his head is lowered down. Suddenly another person
rushes towards him, pushes him as hard as he can, and breaks his arm.
4. A rebus is a way to encrypt a word in the form of a picture. Rebus - Latin word, literally means “through objects.” You can encrypt a word or an entire phrase as a picture.
Here are four sample puzzles. To solve such riddles, you cannot do without creative thinking.
1. Bear (that is, Honey in E d)
2. Incorrect behavior (venidepoe is an anagram of the word "behavior")
3. Bone
4. Short vowel (glas. - short form of vowel)
In this task we do not give you any time limits. Our goal is to test creative thinking. If you can’t solve some puzzles, come back to them later and look at them again with fresh eyes. Very often the answer comes naturally because your brain subconsciously continues to work on the task even when you are busy with something else.
5. Here you have to give an interpretation of the pictures below. The more surprising your explanation, the better. Suggest this game to your friends too. You can make the most incredible assumptions - they will be the most creative. For example, the first thing that comes to mind when looking at picture number one is this tile roof. Or...? Use your imagination and see what comes of it (20 drawings).
6. The following task is based on a test of abstract thinking. The subject is asked to come up with a way to use some household item in a completely new, unknown capacity.
In ten minutes, come up with twelve new ways to use your comb.
Please strictly adhere to the time limits, otherwise your score may be considered invalid.
1 ....................
2...................
3....................
4..................
5....................
6....................
7....................
8....................
9....................
10...................
11....................
12...................
7. We come across symmetrical patterns every day, both in nature and in everyday life - they can be seen on wallpaper or on tiles.
For our experiment, we created a symmetrical pattern based on hexagons.
Look at it carefully and fill in the gaps in it so as to restore our pattern.
8. Call on your imagination to help and complete each next drawing so that something recognizable comes out.
You are given twenty minutes to complete this task.
9. One farmer has plot of land 11 trees grow (T). He has 22 cows and needs to divide his land into 11 separate pens so that each pen can accommodate 2 cows and they each have one tree for protection from the sun. How can he divide his land using as few fences as possible, and so that there is one tree in each paddock?
10. Make four cuts of the same length and divide this figure into 9 parts so that you can then fold 4 identical squares from them.
This is a rather difficult task - a hint is given on page 106.
11. We bring to your attention a well-known paradox, the main purpose of which is to stimulate creative thinking and learn to think philosophically. So let's assume that on next week I am retiring and on this occasion they should give me a gift. But I don’t know what day of the week it will be given to me, and that’s where the surprise lies. I only know that I should be given a gift, but I don’t know on what day this will happen: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday or Friday.
It's worth thinking about this: can this gift even be given to me, given that it is supposed to be a surprise? I know they won't give it to me on Friday. Friday is the last day on which you can make this gift. Therefore, there will be no surprise then. So, the gift can be given to me on Thursday. But then Thursday becomes the last day when they can surprise me, therefore, on this day the gift will not be a surprise for me and, therefore, they will not give it to me on this day. If we logically reason in the same way further, then not a single day of the week, including Monday, is suitable. And then it remains to come to the conclusion that they will never give me a gift. Are there any other ways to solve this paradox?
At first, when we read this paradox, the arguments seem strange to say the least. However, like all paradoxes, it is designed to mislead, and the more you think about it, the more difficult it is to maintain clarity of thought.
12. These puzzles are designed to test the level of creative thinking in tasks where you need to correctly cut an object and put the pieces together to make another geometric figure. With each task the difficulty level increases.
(1). Cut a hexagon out of cardboard and cut it as shown in the picture. Fold the resulting pieces to form a square.
(2). Cut the star and fold the resulting pieces into a hexagon.
(3). Make two more cuts the same length as the ones you made earlier to make five pieces. From the resulting parts, form an equilateral triangle.
(4). Cut the square into five pieces so that you can fold it into an octagon. (On the page
106 we give a hint for this problem.)
(5). Cut the cross into five pieces and make a square out of them.
Memory
Memory is the brain's ability to store information and retrieve it. It is thanks to this ability of our brain that we are able to think and learn.
Although the mechanisms of memory have not yet been fully studied, it is absolutely certain that the more often we use memory, the better it works.
Psychologists distinguish four memory mechanisms: recollection, surface recall, recognition and relearning. The names of the first three mechanisms speak for themselves, and the fourth is that when we need to learn material that we have already encountered before, the memorization process is easier than when we are dealing with completely new
material.
Memory is divided into: immediate (sensory), short-term and long-term.
Sensory memory remembers moment-by-moment events, such as noises or the movements of other people, and captures them in the form of pictures. Much of what she remembers is of no interest and is quickly forgotten.
Short-term memory stores memories, for example, about where, when and with whom you need to meet in the near future, what needs to be done and by what time.
Long-term memory remembers things like phone numbers, people's names, addresses, summer plans, and memories from the distant past, such as childhood.
We don't know much about how exactly the brain stores information. Some scientists
They believe that memories are stored only in certain parts of the brain, while others believe that the entire brain is used to store memories. It is believed that each type of memory, short-term and long-term, has its own mechanisms and that if information does not move from short-term memory to long-term memory, it will be irretrievably lost.
Different parts of the brain perform different memory functions. Animal studies suggest that the hippocampus and thalamus appear to be involved in motor memory, and the amygdala and thalamus in emotional memory.
Research has also shown that motor skills are “memorized” separately from intellectual skills.
When we see or mentally imagine something, that memory is stored in our brain as a picture, like a negative, and can be recalled again and again. So
All episodes of our life are “photographed,” although many of these “photographs” turn out to be unnecessary for us. Sometimes even the most insignificant events can leave a deep imprint on the memory and be recalled from memory in the blink of an eye.
However, all scientists, without exception, agree on one thing: although our memories cannot be corrected, memory itself can be improved: by training it, learning more by heart, repeating what was once learned, re-learning what was forgotten. There are special techniques for mnemonic memorization, that is, memorization based on associations, and many other techniques.
The tests that we present to your attention are aimed not only at testing your memory, but also at developing it and learning to concentrate on the subject being studied.
MEMORY TESTING
1. Look at these figures for 20 seconds, wait 2 minutes, then go to page 36 and answer the questions.
2. Look at these figures for 20 seconds, wait 3 minutes, then go to page 36 and answer the questions.
3. You are given two minutes to study these figures. Then immediately begin answering the questions on page 36.
4. With this exercise you will be able to test whether you can memorize words in pairs using associations. You are given 15 minutes to study 12 pairs of words. Mentally connect these pairs of words with some associations. Then answer the questions on page 36.
CHEESE BRUSH APPLE PHONE
MINEFIELD COTTON
TREE HANDCUFFS
BUTTERCUPLE PORTFOLIO
WATER BOOK
MAIL BALL
FIELD SPIKE YACHT CHAIR
VASE NEEDLE WINDMILL SAND
BRICK ZEBRA
5. Study the shapes in 15 seconds, then immediately answer the questions on page 38.
6. Look at the drawing for 2 minutes and answer the questions on page 38.
7. You have 20 seconds at your disposal during which you must look at this drawing; then answer the questions on page 39.
8. Try to memorize the following text in 60 seconds. Wait another 60 seconds without looking at the text and answer the questions on page 39.
The Lord's Prayer has 66 words. Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address has 286 words. The Declaration of Independence has 1,322 words, and the State Cabbage Sales Act has 26,911 words.
National Newspaper.
9. In 90 seconds, look at and study this drawing. Wait 2 minutes and answer the questions
shown on page 40.
10. You have a minute to study this table with numbers; After the minute is up, answer the questions on page 40.
11. Here are 20 objects from everyday life. Try to remember as many items as possible in 3 minutes; then turn to page 40 and answer the questions.
12. Try to remember as many of these fifty words as possible. After 5 minutes, turn to page 41 and answer the questions.
ANIMALS BIRD FRUIT VEGETABLE COIN Llama Jackdaw Grapes Rutabaga Ruble Walrus Finch Orange Beetroot Piaster Elephant Tit Pear Carrot Zloty Cow Weaver Plum Peas Stamp Lynx Swallow Apple Cucumber Lyra
Puzzles
Puzzles are not only entertaining, but also useful; In addition, they perfectly develop thinking. The best puzzles are those that don't require special knowledge, that is, those that any person can solve using not special formulas, but their own intellectual potential. Let's take this problem:
You have written four letters and labeled four envelopes for them. You put letters into envelopes at random. What is the percentage of probability that only three letters ended up in their envelopes?
At first glance, the problem seems very difficult, but this is only if we look for special formulas to solve it. But here they are not needed, and everyone can find the correct answer through simple logical thinking.
Answer: the probability that only three letters will end up in the right envelopes is zero. If three out of four letters are in their envelopes, there remains only one letter and one envelope for it, and therefore the right letter will also end up in this envelope.
Of course, there is a certain difference between problems and puzzles. A puzzle has an author and a solution that he knows. For example, if you ask which number is 35 less than itself multiplied by six, or, for example, ask someone to rearrange the letters in words
"slave" and "moon" and get the name of the city, it will be a puzzle.
Problems arise in the course of our lives. They are not invented for their own sake, and, of course, they do not have solutions that are initially known to anyone. They don't have a right answer, only many different solutions, some of which are better, some of which are worse.
Some people enjoy solving problems, while others enjoy puzzles. Problem solving has practical benefits to life; By solving puzzles, we train our brain, learn to think, and this may be useful in life, when we actually have to solve real problems.
In this section we have placed 50 puzzles on different kinds thinking; the most difficult of them
We've provided tips. At the end of the book, answers to all problems are given with detailed explanations.
Before you begin the problems, take a look at the two puzzles we provide as examples to show you how to think to solve such problems.
Example 1
My wife usually leaves work at 16.30 in the evening, goes to the store and catches the five-hour train, which arrives in our town at exactly 17.30. Every day I arrive at the station by car at 17.30 to meet my wife. Last week she got free 5 minutes earlier than usual and decided to go straight to the station without going to the store. Therefore, she caught the train, which departed at 16.30, and she was already at our station at 17.00. I wasn’t there yet, and she walked home. I picked her up from home at the usual time, met her on the way, and we arrived home 12 minutes earlier than usual. Question: How long did my wife walk before I met her?
Answer: 24 minutes
Explanation: There are two simple ways to solve this problem.
1. My wife arrived at our station 30 minutes early. As a result, we saved 12 minutes. Thirty minus twelve gives us eighteen minutes. If we add half of the time we saved - 6 minutes - to 18 minutes, we get 24 minutes.
2. You can subtract half the time saved, 6 minutes, from the total time difference, 30
minutes, = 24 minutes.
However, even if you do not know these formulas, such a problem can be solved through simple logical thinking. I always leave home at the same time, and we know that I leave before 5:30 p.m. Since we saved 12 minutes, this means that this is the time I usually spend to get to the station from the place where I met my wife and back - after all, this is the distance I did not have to cover. This means that to get from the place where I met my wife to the station, I spend 6 minutes and back another 6 minutes. Therefore, I met my wife 6 minutes earlier than usual, that is, at 17.24. Therefore, she walked from the station exactly 24 minutes.
Example 2
The woman has two children. What is the probability that both children are boys?
Explanation: The simple formula to solve this problem is 50 x 50 = 2500, which is 25%. However, this formula can be derived independently, through logical thinking. Let's draw this diagram:
Now multiply the numbers, following the arrows where you get boys.
50 x 50 = 2500, or 25%.
If we want to know the probability that the children are a boy and a girl, we need to multiply the probability of those options where the result is a boy and a girl. Since there are two such options, you need to multiply in both cases and add the results.
We hope that our examples provide a good illustration of how to solve such problems and that they will help you think in the right way. The main thing is to remember that sometimes there are several paths leading to the same correct answer.
Puzzles
1. B this series words, move one word so that the sequence is in alphabetical order.
Quick wit
Intelligence is the ability to think quickly and react quickly certain situations instinctively. All the tasks in this chapter are about quick thinking, and it is very important to meet the allotted time, and you will have to not only think quickly, but also be able to maintain composure in conditions where time is limited.
Timed tests are usually used when they want to test a person’s ability to successfully solve a certain number of problems under time pressure. The opposite of such tests are mental endurance tests, in which the difficulty of the tasks gradually increases, but the test subject is not limited in time.
Our test items are not particularly difficult on their own, but when they are given collectively and only given a certain amount of time to complete them, the brain needs to adapt to develop enough mental flexibility and focus to ensure a high final score.
INTELLIGENCE TESTS
1. You have 25 minutes to answer 10 questions, the difficulty of which will gradually increase.
(1). Which letter is two squares below the letter to the left of the letter three squares above the letter Y?
(2). Which letter is above the letter to the right of the letter that is two spaces below that letter?
which is to the left of the letter M?
(3). Which letter is two cells to the left of the letter that is three cells above the letter
which is located immediately above the letter that is to the left of the letter I?
(4). Which letter is in the second cell to the right of the letter that is exactly halfway between the letters D and X?
(5). Which letter is two squares above the letter to the left of the letter three squares below the letter two squares to the right of the letter E?
(6). What letter is below the letter that is halfway between the letter below J and the letter above U?
(7). Which letter is three squares to the right of the letter located under the letter located two squares to the right of the letter that is two squares below the letter Z?
(8). Which letter is two squares above the letter to the right of the letter below the letter two squares to the left of the letter F?
(9). Which letter is two cells to the left of the letter that is under the letter that is two cells to the right of the letter that is midway between the letter to the left of the letter C and the letter that is two cells to the left of the letter H?
(10). Which letter is two squares to the right of the letter three squares above the letter?
standing to the left of the letter that is above the letter standing three cells to the left of the letter Y?
2. In each line with numbers, skip the repeated numbers, and write the rest in reverse order. You have 6 minutes to complete this task.
For example: 4723869764 = 9832
a) 9482374827981
i) 98243159752168
j) 29374271824781
l) 1974384569172
d) 14631296847235
m) 861932825786243
d) 921638427952
n) 728361751692483
e) 746983471892
o) 6379132758462
g) 1524693521725
p) 9832176854721638
h) 743892176521387
3. In this task you will have to find an extra figure in each sequence. You have 20 minutes to complete this task.
For example: (picture)
Shape C is redundant because it is the only shape with straight sides, and all the other shapes in the row have rounded sides.
(9)
Regroup these sequences of numbers so that all of them come first even numbers in ascending order, and then all the odd ones in descending order. You have 4 minutes to complete this task.
For example: 76524 = 24675
5. This task should test your ability to operate with words and your ability to fill out a table in the form of a crossword puzzle. You must place all the words in this crossword puzzle: 30 minutes are given for this task. Three words are already in place. (In the crossword there are: horizontally 20 - DOL, 22 - BOW, vertically 18 - ERA.)
SPARK, FLOW, ONAGR, QUARK,
HELMET, OVAL, CROWN, WALL, GLASS, WAREHOUSE, COMPANY, METAL, ATHLETE, AVRAL, SALAR, MOOR, VALLEY, NITROGEN, ACRYLIC, BRADIA, PROCELLENT, CURL, LYRICA, ROLLER, SIDOR, ARKAN, SCOREBOARD, OTAR, OCEAN, FROST, ATOLL, FILE. SWAMP, JASPER, TEST,
6. This task is timed. It consists of 10 questions and is designed to test your ability to think logically and do mental math. The questions themselves are not difficult, but to achieve good results, you need ingenuity and speed, since your time is limited. You have 15 minutes to solve ten tasks.
(1). Find two identical figures.
(2). If there are 90 liters of water in a full barrel, how many liters will remain in the barrel if we pour out 60%
all the water?
(3). The volume of the cube is 1 m x 1 m x 50 cm. How many of these cubes will fit in a cube with a volume of 4 mx3mx3m?
(4). What is the product of these numbers? 1У8*2/з
(2). The largest even number and the smallest cube;
(3). The smallest prime and largest odd numbers;
(4). The smallest square and the smallest even number;
(5). The largest even and largest prime numbers;
(6). The largest cube and the smallest prime number;
(7). The smallest square and the smallest cube;
(8). The smallest odd and largest even numbers;
(9). The largest prime number and the largest square;
(10). The largest odd number and the largest cube.
The shape of the letters is such that they always have a certain number of unfinished lines. For example:
B = 0 P = 1 Yu = 2 E = 3 X = 4
Find the meaning of these expressions. You have 10 minutes for this task.
(1). N + P = ? (6). N:L=?
(2). K-M = ? (7).YakhD=?
(3).B + G = ? (8). E:U = ?
(4).AxC = ? (9).ФхО = ?
(5). H-B = ? (10).T-L = ?
9. Study this crossword puzzle and answer 10 questions. You have 10 minutes.
(1). How many letters H are in the crossword puzzle?
(2). How many words are there in the crossword puzzle with only one but repeating vowel?
(3). How many letters E are in the crossword puzzle?
(4). How many letters U are there?
(5). How many six letter words are there?
(6). How many place names are there in the crossword?
(7). How many letters Y are in the crossword puzzle?
(8). How many ten letter words are there in the crossword puzzle?
(9). How many A's are there?
(10). How many five letter words are there in the crossword puzzle?
10. In front of you is a square in which seven words are arranged in the form of a “snail” twisted inside the square, and each subsequent word begins with the same letter with which the previous one began. Each letter here has two coordinates. For example: the letter C is in squares Al, E7 and Ж6. Study the “snail” carefully and answer the questions; You are given 5 minutes for this.
Write all the coordinates of the following 8 letters:
Intelligence testing
Intelligence is the ability to learn or understand that is common to all humans. Some people have it to a greater extent, others to a lesser extent, but each person retains this ability practically unchanged throughout his life. It is thanks to intelligence that we are able to act correctly and learn from our mistakes.
In psychology, intelligence is defined as the ability to perceive knowledge and use it in other, fundamentally new situations. Under testing conditions, it is possible to determine how successfully a person adapts to unusual situations.
Any test in which we attempt to measure intelligence is an intelligence quotient test, or IQ test. Such tests usually consist of blocks of gradually more difficult tasks designed for an average level.
IQ stands for intelligence quotient. The coefficient, in turn, is the result of dividing one value by another. It is generally accepted that IQ is a heritable characteristic and that in adults it practically does not change with age. Until approximately 13 years of age, intelligence develops rapidly; from 13 to 18 years of age, a slight slowdown in the rate of development is noticed, and after 18 years of age, no major changes are observed.
When measuring a child's IQ, he is asked to take a standard intelligence test, and the level of test performance and score will be different for each age. If a 10-year-old child performs at the level of a 12-year-old child, his IQ is calculated like this:
Intelligence testing
This method, however, is not applicable to adults: their IQ is estimated relative to the average score - one hundred percent. Their results are located either above or below this norm, in accordance with a previously known scoring system, and the distribution of IQ (among the population) appears on the graph as a fairly constant resulting curve (?).
Although IQ is a hereditary factor that does not change throughout life, performance on an IQ test can be improved. This is precisely the goal we pursue in this and other similar books.
IQ tests are usually designed and administered with the understanding that test takers know nothing about testing methods in general and know very little about the methods used to construct the questions in such tests. Therefore, if a person has an idea of what questions he might be asked, and if he has an idea of how to approach solving test problems, his results will be much higher.
Hello!
We previously discussed the issue of importance ().
Today we will look at the most basic exercises, so to speak, “in between”, which do not require much time. But they are good for developing innovative thinking.
Development of creative thinking “in between”
☻ When riding a bus or walking, read store signs backwards. Sometimes it can be downright funny, try it! For example, you will read the sign “Everything for the home” as “Amod yald esv”
☻ While you are waiting your turn, you can take out a book and start reading sentences not from top to bottom, but from bottom to top. For example, you might end up with the hero of a novel performing all the actions in reverse order. First, he leaves home in the morning, then has breakfast in his kitchen, brushes his teeth and gets out of bed, and then he only hears the alarm clock.
☻ During the break, come up with 10 exotic names: separately for men, separately for women. For example, Malaruktigara or Penigestior.
☻ Alternatively, you can draw, especially if you have never done this or always thought that you were bad at it. Draw something unreal for example, a non-existent animal and call it a non-existent name.
By the way, there is a projective technique called “Non-existent animal”, by completing which you can diagnose your internal problems. In addition to this, this psychological test promotes the development of creative thinking.
☻ While you are at home, take a pencil to left hand and write! And if you are absolutely sure that no one will catch you doing this activity, take the pencil with your toes. You can draw or write text.
☻ In your free time, come up with phrases from incompatible words. For example, sweet salt or true lies.
☻ Take any word and try to imagine that it is an abbreviation. Try to decipher it.For example, MILK: You can Love Very Much by Surrendering to Someone Alone.
☻ Think of 20 ways you can use a chair. Just don’t take the hackneyed options that you can sit or stand on it. It would be much more original to make a house out of it for a cat or use it as a gymnastic apparatus.
☻ Stimulate your creativity with the forced connection method. Take an item and think about how you can modify or improve it.Consider, for example, a book. Try to “attach” other things to it. For example, a mirror. Perhaps it will be a mirror image book. Now let’s “connect” the player. Yes, it's already an audiobook!
This method is used by the so-called idea generators. In the West there is even such a profession. After all, where does so much variety of goods come from? The product range itself includes hundreds of items, and all this is the work of creative people, whose task is to generate many ideas.
The point of these exercises is to move away from the standard. Thus, our thinking opens up new horizons that extend far from imposed and boring stereotypes.
(One well-known TRIZ tool, the theory of solving inventive problems, is based on the same principle. It is called focal object method. Maybe one day we will tell you what it is and how to use it correctly. And you can use it almost anywhere.)
By doing these simple exercises between times for just 15-20 minutes a day, within a month you will feel great changes in your thinking.
Also, keep an idea journal handy at all times. No matter how crazy your insights may seem, write everything down. Thus, your creative thinking will soon gain great momentum, and you will even become a genius!
What other ways development of creative thinking are you known? Tell us in the comments.
If you know someone who might benefit from this article, please send them a link to this page or (social buttons - just below).
Lyudmila Ponomarenko
The fashionable word these days is creativity, or, more simply, creative abilities, which contain many qualities and skills. And unconventional thinking, and creative courage, and a sense of humor, and talented ease. Oh, what a delicious cocktail! I wonder if creativity is an innate talent or if it can somehow be developed in preschool and preschool children. school age? I think it's possible! This is exactly what we will do now.
Several exercises for development creativity
"Architect"
Let's imagine that we, architects, have been given the task of creating a house project. We write any few words on a piece of paper - these will be the client’s wishes, each of which should be reflected in the project. For example: milk, mouse, mirror, ball. Perhaps the door to our castle will be in the form of a mouse hole, in the courtyard there will be a fountain in the form of a jug of “milk” - colored water, furniture will be in the form of balls, and the roof will be mirrored! All that remains is to draw our imagination in detail. Madness? Certainly! That’s the point: let yourself go – the freer the better!
"Two Pictures"
However, there can be three, four, or even ten pictures. The only thing left to do is to find some connection between them and be able to explain it. You can play these games: stick various pictures on the cards, all the cards (there should be quite a lot of them) are distributed to the players, and one is placed on the table. Players take turns placing one picture at a time, like in dominoes - one to one. One condition is that neighboring pictures must be associatively connected with each other. The child must be able to explain his choice. For example: I will put a bucket next to the apple, because apples can be put there. Or: I will put a picture of the fortress on the bus ticket, because we went on an excursion to the fortress by bus. And so on.
"Blots and Spots"
The most exciting game is to search for scenes and pictures anywhere: in the clouds, in puddles, cracks in the asphalt, blots and even in the outline of pancakes! You can create blots and spots yourself. But you can complicate the task a little: what would an artist see in this blot? What about the fireman?
"10 words"
We take any subject and come up with 10 suitable definitions for it. And now, on the contrary, the 10 most inappropriate ones. And now 10 adjectives that characterize him and begin with the letters “K”, “A” and “M”.
"Titles"
We imagine ourselves as the editors-in-chief of a large newspaper and come up with names for everything: objects, situations, actions, events, as if it were material for the front page of our publication. Let these names be different in style and mood.
“What can you come up with from this?”
We take any object, say a paper clip, and offer options for non-standard ways its use. Hook for a Christmas tree toy? Chain link? Bookmark? Not a bad start. By the way, it can be bent if necessary and even cut into pieces if necessary! The more different options you get, the better.
“How to get out of the situation?”
Let’s imagine a real-life situation: suddenly a shoe breaks while walking. What to do? There is no shoe repair shop nearby! Go barefoot? Option! Nail the sole with small nails? That's possible too. Glue it on chewing gum, wrap it in a handkerchief, tear off the sole completely - all options are good and suitable. Now you can come up with some other situation.
"Make me a camera"
Let's look around and think, from what, from what available material can such a toy be made? From a cream box, or maybe from a large mug? This game can be played the other way around: what does, for example, a tennis ball look like? On Christmas decorations and a powder compact, a yellow chicken and a ball of thread - I could go on for a long time.
Creative well-being to everyone, and may your creativity manifest itself in all areas of life!
Trainings and exercises to develop creative thinking will help you get rid of internal barriers, stereotypes, and learn to overcome embarrassment.
Creativity is important in any field of activity. A non-standard approach helps to find a way out of the most difficult situation.
“Creativity is a creative orientation that is innately characteristic of everyone, but lost by the majority under the influence of the existing system of upbringing, education and social practice.” Abraham Maslow
Goal: awareness of creativity in oneself and its development. (Developing the ability of participants to find new non-standard (creative) solutions to problems)
Awareness and overcoming barriers to the manifestation and development of creative thinking,
Awareness of the characteristics of a creative environment,
Formation of skills and abilities to manage the creative process.
Warm-up (15-20min)
1. Exercise “Rhyming names”
Participants need to compose a couplet in their name, which begins with the words: “My name is...”
My name is Nikita, mosquitoes love me!
My name is Nina, I came from the store!
My name is Sasha, my porridge burned!
My name is Nastya, hello to everyone from me!
My name is Rita, everything in the garden is watered!
2. Exercise “3 random words”
Take any book or Dictionary. Select 3 words at random: open any page and point your finger without looking. Now try to find something in common between these three words, compare them, compare, analyze, look for relationships. You can come up with an incredible, even crazy story that would connect these three concepts. Exercise and train your brain.
Main part (40-50 min.)
3. Exercise “What, Where, How???”
Description
Participants sitting in a circle are shown some unusual item, the purpose of which is not entirely clear (you can even use not the object itself, but its photograph). Each participant must quickly answer three questions in order:
Where did this come from?
How can this be used?
However, repetition is not allowed; each participant must come up with new answers to each of these questions.
The easiest way to get props for this exercise is to take not whole objects (their purpose is usually more or less clear), but fragments of something - such that it is difficult to understand from them where they came from.
The meaning of the exercise
A light “intellectual warm-up” that activates the fluency of thinking of participants, stimulating them to advance unusual ideas and associations.
Discussion
Which answers to questions do the participants remember and seem to be the most interesting and original?
Steve Jobs said: “Creativity is simply creating connections between things. When creative people are asked how they did something, they feel a little guilty because they didn't actually do anything, but just noticed it. This becomes clear to them over time. They were able to connect different pieces of their experience and synthesize something new. This happens because they have experienced and seen more than others, or because they think about it more.”
4. Exercise "Freeze frame".
Goal: development of expression skills, allows participants to look at their attitude to those areas of life that words touch from a new perspective.
Materials: list of words.
Time: 10 minutes.
Procedure: Participants move freely around the audience. At the leader’s command, given by clapping their hands, they stop and demonstrate, using facial expressions and pantomime (posture, gestures, body movements), the word that the leader calls. The “freeze frame” lasts 8-10 seconds, after which, when the leader claps again, the participants again begin to move freely around the room until the next clap sounds and the next word is called. It is advisable to take “still pictures” using a digital photo or video camera and demonstrate the footage to the participants immediately after the exercise.
You can use, for example, the following sets of words: time, past, childhood, present, study, future, profession, success; meeting, communication, understanding, friendship, love, family, happiness.
Issues for discussion:
Is it easy to come up with a pose based on a given word?
Is it easy to depict what you imagined?
5. Exercise “Composition of objects.”
Goal: Development of creative imagination.
Create a composition on a free theme from the items on your table, in your purse, in your pockets, on you. Once you have compiled it, prepare comments for it. The composition can be presented as a riddle. Group members will make guesses about the plot.
5 minutes are allotted to build the composition. After this time has expired, the training participants go to “visit” the “artists” who are ready to present their creative product.
Completion(5-10 min.)
6. Exercise "Creative life".
Goal: to summarize the participants’ ideas about their creative abilities and to find their creative beginning.
Time: 7-15 minutes. Materials: paper, pens.
Procedure: participants form groups of 5-6 people and receive a task: create a list of recommendations that will allow you to “make your own life more creative” and write them down. The recommendations formed must be realistically implemented by all participants or at least the majority of them (i.e., do not imply the presence of any rare abilities, too large material costs, etc.).
Group discussion, analysis of all options. Example: perform regularly physical exercise; master meditation and relaxation techniques; keep a diary, write stories, poems, songs, write down smart thoughts. Broaden your horizons of interests, etc.
