Each of these stories is told and listened to by five very different and very interesting boys from the surrounding villages. The practice of many years of studying this story knew the use of all five characteristics of the boys in the story “Bezhin Meadow”, but the technique of comparing the characteristics of the two main narrators was also used. We also recommend this route and use it for a leisurely and clearly articulated essay about a 19th-century peasant boy who is his own age. The entire process of working on comparing characteristics is associated with the desire to understand how the author creates each one, in what ways he expresses his attitude towards the characters, how he gives a portrait description and how the author’s assessment is included in this description, in what way he shows us at the stage of the very first, external acquaintance with the hero your attitude towards him. Sometimes it is expressed in words of direct assessment, sometimes through less obvious, descriptive moments:
It is said directly that the author liked Pavlusha. A more skeptical attitude towards the second narrator is expressed in the manner of description, in general characteristics faces (slightly). The logic of a story about a person is still just being formed. We remember that both Pavlusha and Ilyusha talked about the end of the world. At the same time, Pavlusha talks about how everyone “got scared” during solar eclipse: himself, and all the villagers, and even the master who warned the people about this event. He talks leisurely and cheerfully. The only time they laugh all night is listening to this story, which consists of several funny scenes - sketches. The story about the past and, as it has already turned out, vain fear evokes a good-natured smile. Vasya's voice makes you think and scares you. He tries to figure everything out on his own and thinks hard, always coming to a specific decision.
Here is the cook who broke all the pots in the oven, and Vavil’s cooper with a jug on his head, who was mistaken for Trishka, and the headman, who climbed into a ditch, and the headwoman, who got stuck in the gateway, and Dorofeich, who jumped into the oats “and come on.” crowing like a quail”... Laughing at his story, we see the narrator himself: his open frankness and honesty (he said that he himself was a coward and showed that, it turns out, there was nothing to be afraid of), his ability to see the funny and relate to him without mockery. We see his observation and ability to talk about everything in detail, vividly, entertainingly, even funny.
It’s a different matter for Ilyusha - he himself breaks into Pavlusha’s story. We hear the legend about Trishka, which arouses in him fear and admiration for the mysterious power " amazing person" He is ready to shame us for not knowing this hero of legends: Ilyosha firmly believes that the time will come and Trishka “will seduce the Christian people.” His love for everything mysterious, sincere and selfless faith in all sorts of miracles, outright fear of unknown forces depict a weak and poetic nature. Thus, a comparison of episodes also makes it possible7 to characterize - conclusively and respectfully - each of the ethics of very different boys. The work of comparison can be enriched by referring to the writer's laboratory; Let us recall that in the sketches for “Bszhin Meadow” there was the following entry: “Fedya is handsome, brave, Pavlusha is cowardly, Ilyusha is poetic, Kostya is stupid and gloomy.”
We are usually very surprised by this entry, and they are ready to argue with the author himself. But what is important to us is not only their surprise and their mood to defend already established ideas, but also another opportunity to look into the writer’s laboratory, that second look at each of the boys that Readers are forced to do after hearing how the author assessed them in a preliminary draft. How does he feel about the incomprehensible, strange incidents that frighten other boys, about what happens around the fire? Much that frightens boys (the voice of a heron, sandpipers) does not frighten him, because he knows what it is, and therefore not only is he not afraid, but also reassures his comrades. He diligently tries to figure out what is incomprehensible to himself (this is what happens, for example, with the voice from the bully). His desire to figure it out very quickly turns into action: let us remember how quickly he rushed after the wolves; curiosity and determination, and not just courage, stand behind each of his actions.
How did Ilyosha know what he was talking about around the fire? Only one story happened to himself. He heard about everything else and remembered the stories different people. You can even remember these people: huntsman Ermila, grandfather Trofimych, grandmother Ulyana. Of course, they were unlikely to tell all these stories to a twelve-year-old boy. He simply caught any such stories and conversations of adults with extraordinary greed.
He picks up any conversation on a “strange” topic with enthusiasm and extraordinary speed. In his stories we see not only an extremely purposeful memory, but also a fascination with this whole fantastic world, a stormy fantasy directed in a certain way since childhood.
The author does not express such sympathy for Ilyusha, but this boy, oddly enough, has many more supporters than the Reader assumes. You especially hear a lot of sympathetic remarks from girls: “He remembers so much,” “So weak, but he knows more stories than anyone else...”
So we build a conversation about the boys, drawing heavily on their conversation around the fire. But the boys started talking because they were under the influence of the darkness of the night, full of unsolved sounds and ready to direct a person’s imagination to search for the most unexpected explanations of the unknown. Thus, starting the analysis of the story with the most interesting and accessible, we are approaching one of the most important problems that stand in this work - the problem of man’s relationship to nature, the problem of the ability to see and hear everything that is around you, and therefore ability to talk about all this.
- New!
The place and meaning of landscape in the story. (A lot of space is given to the description of nature in Turgenev’s story; nature here is one of characters, and this is marked by the title of the story. “Bezhin Meadow” begins and ends with a description of nature, and its central...
Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev is a remarkable Russian writer of the 19th century, who already during his lifetime gained a reading vocation and world fame. His work served the cause of the abolition of serfdom and inspired the fight against autocracy. In the works of Turgenev...
Pavlusha is one of the boys met by the hunter at the night fire. First we learned the name of the hero, then the author described the boy’s appearance, and in a few remarks and actions the character of a twelve-year-old peasant was revealed. Pavlusha’s appearance is unremarkable:...
(1 option) In the middle of the 19th century I.S. Turgenev creates his famous collections of hunting stories, Notes of a Hunter. At the center of the collection is the fate of the Russian peasantry, which so worried the progressive intelligentsia of that time. Take a new look at life...
In the story by I.S. Turgenev's "Bezhin Meadow" we meet a hunter lost in the forest, on whose behalf the story is told. One of the heroes of I. S. Turgenev’s story “Bezhin Meadow” is the peasant boy Pavlusha.
Watching them and listening to their conversation, the hunter gives each of the guys a detailed description, noting their natural talent. The story “Bezhin Meadow” introduced the problem of depiction into Russian literature children's world and child psychology. With love and tenderness, Turgenev draws in the story “Bezhin Meadow” peasant children, their rich spiritual world, their ability to subtly sense the beauty of nature. First we learned the name of the hero, then the author described the boy’s appearance, and in a few remarks and actions the character of a twelve-year-old peasant was revealed.
His story and remarks are more realistic. The boy is very superstitious, he believes in mermaids and mermaids, which he told the other guys about. You must fill it out and prepare a coherent story about the hero who is more interesting to you.
Characteristics of the main characters of I. S. Turgenev’s story “Bezhin Meadow”
We feel that Turgenev seems to be calling us to peer and think, without stopping at the first impression. 1. Age and portrait of the boy. 2. The degree of participation and its role in the conflict. 4. Portrait. Appearance as given by the author and in the perception of other characters.
This squat and clumsy guy of twelve years old, with a huge head, tousled black hair, gray eyes, a pale and pockmarked face, was kneeling by the fire and boiling “potatoes.” And although he was unprepossessing in appearance, Ivan Petrovich immediately liked him. What a nice boy!” - this is how the hunter assessed him. Only his innate courage and strong character did not reward him with a long life.
It’s a pity, he was a nice guy!” - Turgenev finishes his story with sadness in his soul. And he kept pulling his low felt cap, from under which sharp braids of yellow hair stuck out, over his ears with both hands. Ilyusha differs from the rest of the village boys in his skill in retelling stories in an interesting and captivating way. horror stories. However, he also retells to his friends the story he heard from his father about the mermaid, about the voice from the butch, and also about the unfortunate Vasya, a boy from his village.
Pavlusha told the story of how heavenly foresight began in Shalamov. The author treats the hero well: from the very beginning he distinguishes Pavlusha from other heroes. Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev is a remarkable Russian writer of the 19th century, who already during his lifetime gained a reading vocation and world fame.
Turgenev's works poetically capture pictures of Russian nature, the beauty of genuine human feelings. The author knew how to deeply and subtly comprehend modern life, truthfully and poetically reproducing it in his works. The appearance of this story meant a new turn and expansion of the theme of the Russian peasant world. His children's representatives show his talent, beauty and at the same time the tragedy of the situation.
He belonged, by all accounts, to a rich family and went out into the field not out of necessity, but just for fun.” The writer sought not only to awaken in the reader a feeling of love and respect for the village children, but also made him think about their future fate.
He was very good at that moment. His ugly face, enlivened by fast driving, glowed with bold prowess and firm determination.” To Kostya’s question about the sounds in the buzzil, Pavel gives two answers, mystical and real. It is all the more surprising that Pavel heard the voice of the drowned Vasya. True, even to this sign he has his own, adult answer: “You cannot escape your fate.” When the hunter left the hospitable shelter, everyone was asleep, only Pavel raised his head and looked.
Closer to night, he got lost and wandered into Bezhin meadow, where he meets five village boys. The hunter, listening to their conversation, identifies each boy with his own characteristics and notices their talent. The eldest of them is Fedya. He comes from a rich family, and he went out at night for fun. He also had a comb, a rare item among peasant children. The boy is slender, not hard-working, with beautiful and small features, with blond hair, “white-handed.”
Characteristics of the images of boys (“Bezhin Meadow”) - Fedya, Kostya, Pavel
He also paid attention to his talents: Pavlusha looked very smart and direct, “and there was strength in his voice.” The author paid attention to the clothes in the last place. Ten-year-old Kostya attracted the hunter's attention with the thoughtful and sad look of his black shiny eyes. Kostya's face is small and thin, and he himself is short.
He imitates adults and often says “my brothers” in his speech. The author called Kostya a coward for his fear of wolves, comparing him with Pavel. How does the hero - the narrator - feel about the guys he accidentally met in the night steppe? How will we know about this?
In this regard, the story of I.S. is absolutely unique. Turgenev “Bezhin Meadow”, studied in grades 6-7. The images of the boys - the heroes of the story - are covered in a lyrical mood of sadness and sympathy. In the story “Bezhin Meadow” Turgenev describes five heroes: Fedya, Pavlusha, Ilyusha, Kostya and Vanya. Talking in detail about the appearance and clothing features of the boys, the author shows the difference in their characters.
I. S. Turgenev, a nobleman by birth, had an excellent lordly upbringing. Meanwhile, the series of stories “Notes of a Hunter” brought him fame, the main characters of which were simple peasants. Its publication in 1852 became the reason for Turgenev’s exile to the family estate of Spasskoye-Lutovinovo. The reason is quite simple: the writer showed how interesting, sincere and talented many representatives of the lower strata were, which became an unusual phenomenon in Russian literature. The collection also included the story “Bezhin Meadow”.
The narrator, returning from hunting, got lost and wandered around the surrounding area for a long time. Already at dusk he went out onto the Bezhin meadow and distinguished two lights not far away. There was no choice left, and the narrator headed - as he believed - to the herdsmen fussing around the fire. However, in front of him were five peasant children who had gone out at night to guard a herd of horses. After talking a little with new acquaintances, the narrator lay down a little further away and pretended to fall asleep. He himself watched the children, who, in order to pass the time, began to tell “little stories.” The leisurely children's conversation was only once interrupted by the barking of dogs, and one of the boys, Pavlusha, rushed after them into the darkness. Soon he returned, deftly jumped off his horse and, when asked what was there, waved his hand: “I thought wolves...” Only in the morning did the children fall asleep soundly, and the narrator moved on.
Turgenev concludes the work “Bezhin Meadow” with a message about the death of one of the boys: Pavlusha fell from his horse that same year and was killed.
Heroes of the story through the eyes of the author
There were five children, whose names the narrator learned during the conversation. The author gives detailed description each of them, and also conveys the content of the conversation, trying to preserve the peculiarities of speech and intonation of each of the characters.
Attention is immediately drawn to the eldest - Fedya, about fourteen years old. He stood out from the others appearance and behavior. Good clothes suggested that Fedya was from a wealthy family and accidentally ended up in Bezhin Meadow. Summary All his remarks (he deftly managed the conversation, but he himself did not take part in telling tales) expresses a feeling of superiority over others.
The second, Kostya, attracted attention with his gaze. His large, sparkling eyes seemed to be hiding some secret, and he himself looked like a rather interesting person.
Ilyusha did not stand out in any way, but he turned out to be the most talented storyteller.
He didn’t immediately notice seven-year-old Vanyusha (that’s how old the narrator gave him to look). Because of his small age, the boy only listened to his older comrades. However, it is he who subtly senses nature: “... look at God’s stars - that bees are swarming!”
Finally, the fifth is Pavlusha. From the story “Bezhin Meadow” he is remembered more than others. Only the narrator calls him full name- Pavel, and also reports at the end of the story about his tragic fate. Why is Pavlusha interesting to the author and the reader?
Outwardly, he could hardly be called attractive, but everything about him was correct. The eyes radiated intelligence, and incredible strength was evident throughout his entire appearance. If the other boys listen to the stories with fear, then Pavlusha gives a truthful explanation to everything - everyday experience suggests. He rushes alone into the night after the dogs, and then waves his hand slightly as if nothing had happened. Reasonable remarks, including comments on stories, and actions are his best characteristic.
“Bezhin Meadow” - a journey into the world of fairy-tale beliefs
Children's characters are revealed thanks to unusual stories that Kostya and Ilyusha tell in turn; the rest listen more and express their attitude to the events described.
Bylichki are works of folklore in which an emphasis is placed on the veracity of what is happening. Just like fairy tales, beliefs, myths, etc., they express people’s ideas about the structure of the world. If we talk about the tales that sound in the work “Bezhin Meadow”, their brief content can be reduced to stories about evil spirits and fairy-tale characters (the goblin, the merman, the brownie, the mermaid), about the dead and fortune telling. All the guys, except Pavlusha, perceive them as real, so no one doubts their veracity. Ilyusha is especially interesting: his speech is emotional, full of repetitions and colloquial words, which makes the story convincing. There is a feeling that the boy really witnessed all his stories.
Coincidence or omen?
The story of Pavlusha fits interestingly into what is happening. While he was walking to the river, Kostya talks about the drowned Vasya. His mother allegedly had a presentiment of her son’s death and tried in every possible way to protect him from the water. Pavlusha returned to the surprise and fear of the children and said: “I heard Vasya’s voice.” And then he told how someone from the river kept calling him: “Come here...” To Ilyusha’s words that this was a bad omen, Pavlusha only replied that “you cannot escape your fate.” This is how I. Turgenev designates another theme of his narrative. “Bezhin Meadow” is also a story about a man and his fate. It is no coincidence that in the finale it seems that the tragedy in Pavlusha’s life was predicted on that dark night.
Nature image
It is necessary to note one more feature of the story “Bezhin Meadow”. A summary of the work will be incomplete without defining the role of nature in it. It occupies an important place and is shown in dynamics.
A rather voluminous landscape sketch at the beginning of the story is given in calm golden and silver tones. In contrast to the first, the dawn of the second day is depicted, in which all the colors (gold, scarlet, red, green) are bright and saturated. They symbolize joy (including the advent of a new day, which dispersed the darkness), courage (I remember Pavlusha’s act), and the life-affirming force that the narrator felt after meeting the children.
A majestic picture is painted even with the onset of night, and here it is important that both the noble narrator and the peasant children were able to see the surrounding beauty. The landscape helps to understand their state of mind and ability to see and appreciate beauty. It also emphasizes the indispensable connection between man and nature, which for peasants is an integral part of life.
The meaning of the story
Peasants - talented, original, sensitive to nature - are people who deserve respect. This is precisely what I. S. Turgenev draws attention to in the stories of the “Notes of a Hunter” series. “Bezhin Meadow” stands out from among them in that in it the writer’s gaze is turned to amazing world children, emotional, pure, sincere. But, unfortunately, the enthusiastic state of communication with the characters gives way for both the narrator and the readers to anxious thoughts about their difficult future.
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Heroes of Turgenev's story "Bezhin Meadow": Pavlusha, Ilyusha and other boys In the story by I.S. Turgenev's "Bezhin Meadow" we meet a hunter lost in the forest, on whose behalf the story is told. Closer to night, he found himself on Bezhin Meadow, where he met five boys from neighboring villages. Watching them and listening to their conversation, the hunter gives each of the guys a detailed description, noting their natural talent.
The image of Pavlusha in the story "Bezhin Meadow" One of the boys met by the hunter in the valley was Pavlusha. This squat and clumsy guy of twelve years old, with a huge head, tousled black hair, gray eyes, a pale and pockmarked face, was kneeling by the fire and cooking “potatoes.” And although he was unprepossessing in appearance, Ivan Petrovich immediately liked him. He admires his “bold prowess and firm determination” when he headlong, without a weapon, rushed alone towards the wolf in the middle of the night and did not boast about it at all, and soon he went alone to the river to draw water, heard the voice of the dead man and showed no signs of fear. "What a nice boy!" - this is how the hunter assessed him.
The narrator also paid attention to Pavlusha’s talent: “he looked very smart and direct, and there was strength in his voice.” And only lastly did the author pay attention to the clothes, which consisted of ports and a simple shirt. Pavel remains calm and courageous, he is businesslike and decisive: after the terrible story that Kostya told, he was not afraid, but calmed the guys down and turned the conversation to another topic. Pavlusha himself, an intelligent and intelligent boy, only listens to stories about evil spirits, telling only a real incident that happened in his village during the “heavenly foresight”. Only his innate courage and strong character did not reward him with a long life. As the narrator notes, that same year Pavel died, he was killed by falling from a horse. "It's a pity, he was a nice guy!" - Turgenev finishes his story with sadness in his soul.
Characteristics of Fedya The oldest of the guys is Fedya. He came from a wealthy family, and he went out to guard the herd for fun. Unlike the other boys, he was dressed in a calico shirt with a border, a brand new army jacket, wore his own boots, and also had a comb with him - a rare attribute among peasant children. Fedya was a slender boy, “with beautiful and thin, slightly small features, curly blond hair and a constant half-cheerful, half-absent-minded smile.” Fedya lay like a lord, leaning on his elbow, showing his superiority with all his appearance. During the conversation, he behaves in a businesslike manner, asks questions, puts on airs, and patronizingly allows the boys to share amazing stories. He listens carefully to his friends, but with all his appearance he demonstrates that he has little faith in their stories. It is felt that he had a good education at home, and therefore he is not characterized by the naivety inherent in other children.
Description of Ilyusha from the story "Bezhin Meadow" Ilyusha is a twelve-year-old boy with an insignificant appearance, a hook-nosed face, and an elongated, dim-sighted face, expressing “some kind of dull, painful solicitude.” The author emphasizes how poor this peasant boy looked: “He was wearing new bast shoes and onuchi; a thick rope, twisted three times around the waist, carefully pulled together his neat black scroll.” And he kept pulling his low felt cap, from under which sharp braids of yellow hair stuck out, over his ears with both hands.
Ilyusha differs from other village boys in his ability to retell scary stories in an interesting and exciting way. He told his friends 7 stories: about the brownie that happened to him and his comrades, about the werewolf, about the late master Ivan Ivanovich, about fortune telling parent's Saturday, about the Antichrist Trishka, about the peasant and the goblin, and about the merman.
Kostya In the description of ten-year-old Kostya, the narrator notes the sad and thoughtful look with which he, drooping, looked somewhere into the distance. On his thin and freckled face, only “his large, black eyes, shining with a liquid brilliance, stood out; they seemed to want to say something, but he had no words.” Creepy stories about evil spirits make a strong impression on little Kostya. However, he also retells to his friends the story he heard from his father about the mermaid, about the voice from the butch, and also about the unfortunate Vasya, a boy from his village.
Vania For the youngest of the boys, Vanya, the author does not give a portrait description, noting only that the boy was only seven years old. He lay quietly under his matting, trying to sleep. Vanya is silent and timid, he is still too small to tell stories, but only looks at the night sky and admires the “stars of God” that look like bees.
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One of the boys met by the hunter in the valley was Pavlusha. This squat and clumsy guy of twelve years old, with a huge head, tousled black hair, gray eyes, a pale and pockmarked face, was kneeling by the fire and cooking “potatoes.” And although he was unprepossessing in appearance, Ivan Petrovich immediately liked him. He admires his “bold prowess and firm determination” when he headlong, without a weapon, rushed alone towards the wolf in the middle of the night and did not boast about it at all, and soon he went alone to the river to draw water, heard the voice of the dead man and showed no signs of fear. "What a nice boy!" - this is how the hunter assessed him.
The narrator also paid attention to Pavlusha’s talent: “he looked very smart and direct, and there was strength in his voice.” And only lastly did the author pay attention to the clothes, which consisted of ports and a simple shirt. Pavel remains calm and courageous, he is businesslike and decisive: after the terrible story that Kostya told, he was not afraid, but calmed the guys down and turned the conversation to another topic. Pavlusha himself, an intelligent and intelligent boy, only listens to stories about evil spirits, telling only a real incident that happened in his village during the “heavenly foresight”. Only his innate courage and strong character did not reward him with a long life. As the narrator notes, that same year Pavel died, he was killed by falling from a horse. "It's a pity, he was a nice guy!" - Turgenev finishes his story with sadness in his soul.
Fedya
The oldest of the guys is Fedya. He came from a wealthy family, and he went out to guard the herd for fun. Unlike the other boys, he was dressed in a calico shirt with a border, a brand new army jacket, wore his own boots, and also had a comb with him - a rare attribute among peasant children. Fedya was a slender boy, “with beautiful and thin, slightly small features, curly blond hair and a constant half-cheerful, half-absent-minded smile.” Fedya lay like a lord, leaning on his elbow, showing his superiority with all his appearance. During the conversation, he behaves in a businesslike manner, asks questions, puts on airs, and patronizingly allows the boys to share amazing stories. He listens carefully to his friends, but with all his appearance he demonstrates that he has little faith in their stories. It is felt that he had a good education at home, and therefore he is not characterized by the naivety inherent in other children.
Ilyusha is a twelve-year-old boy with an insignificant appearance, a hook-nosed face, and an elongated, dim-sighted face, expressing “some kind of dull, painful solicitude.” The author emphasizes how poor this peasant boy looked: “He was wearing new bast shoes and onuchi; a thick rope, twisted three times around the waist, carefully pulled together his neat black scroll.” And he kept pulling his low felt cap, from under which sharp braids of yellow hair stuck out, over his ears with both hands.
Ilyusha differs from other village boys in his ability to retell scary stories in an interesting and exciting way. He told his friends 7 stories: about the brownie that happened to him and his comrades, about the werewolf, about the late master Ivan Ivanovich, about fortune telling on his parents' Saturday, about the Antichrist Trishka, about the peasant and the goblin, and about the merman.
In the description of ten-year-old Kostya, the narrator notes the sad and thoughtful look with which he, drooping, looked somewhere into the distance. On his thin and freckled face, only “his large, black eyes, shining with a liquid brilliance, stood out; they seemed to want to say something, but he had no words.” Creepy stories about evil spirits make a strong impression on little Kostya. However, he also retells to his friends the story he heard from his father about the mermaid, about the voice from the butch, and also about the unfortunate Vasya, a boy from his village.
For the youngest of the boys, Vanya, the author does not give a portrait description, noting only that the boy was only seven years old. He lay quietly under his matting, trying to sleep. Vanya is silent and timid, he is still too small to tell stories, but only looks at the night sky and admires the “stars of God” that look like bees.
