Every Muslim is ordered by the Almighty to fulfill the most important mission - to leave behind righteous offspring. True believers strive to cultivate good morals in their children from the first minutes of their lives. A kind of “starting point” in this is the naming ceremony (or “isem kushu” among the Tatars and a number of other Turkic peoples).
So, several months of waiting and preparation for the arrival of a new family member are over - the long-awaited baby returns home with his mother. (or) parents have already chosen. All that remains is to carry out the naming procedure in accordance with Islamic canons. However, many Muslim couples wonder when and how this ritual is performed correctly.
1. Deadline
In the Islamic tradition, it is customary to carry out naming on the seventh day after the birth of a child, because this is in accordance with the Most Pure Sunnah of the Final Messenger of Allah (s.w.w.). However, there are reliable hadiths indicating that the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) did this procedure on the very first day. Based on both options, some theologians have concluded that it is advisable to give a name during the first week of the baby’s life. Moreover, in modern realities it is impossible to do this on a birthday due to objective factors - the baby lies with the mother in the maternity hospital for several days.
It is also important not to delay the ritual. After all, the sooner a Muslim gains a name and hears the sacred words, the more well-bred he will be and the sooner he will be protected from the machinations of Iblis.
If for any reason the week's deadline is missed, naming is permitted at any other time. There are many cases where adults acted as the “newborn” (for example, a person was born into an atheist family, came to Islam from another faith, or changed his name to a more euphonious one).
2. Place and format
There are no specific indications in Islamic sources regarding the location of the ritual. Traditionally, among Muslim peoples it is celebrated at home at the festive table with the invitation of guests. And this is connected with another Islamic custom - a sacrifice in honor of a newborn (), which is done exactly on the 7th day. Aisha (r.a.) said that her honorable husband (s.g.v.) performed such a qurban exactly a week after the birth of his grandchildren Hasan and Hussein, and also gave them names. Simultaneously with aqiqah, shaving the first hair from a baby’s head is considered sunnah. Let us note that both rituals belong to the category of mustahab, i.e. desirable for Muslim parents, and not wajib (obligatory). Part of the meat of the sacrificial animal is used to treat relatives gathered at the owners’ house on the occasion of the new addition.
And although a home feast is considered a more preferable format for the event (it helps strengthen family ties, contains elements of sadaq, and fills the home with grace), some parents hold the naming ceremony in a mosque or invite an imam (or simply a Muslim who knows the procedure) without organizing a special celebration. The father himself can give the child a name. Be that as it may, we should proceed from the material capabilities of the family, because Allah judges our actions not by external manifestations, but by intentions.
3. Procedure
The child should be wrapped in a clean white diaper (as a symbol of wishes for a clean and bright life), placed on a pillow with his head towards the qibla and cover his face. From this moment on, those present at the ceremony must maintain silence and listen carefully to the person performing the naming. Only a Muslim man can act as the latter. He stands up to his full height, fixing his gaze in the direction of the Kaaba, and says :
Allahu Akbar - 4 times
Ashhadu alla(a) ila(a)ha illallaah - 2 times
Ashhadu anna Muhammadar-rasul ulLaah - 2 times
Hyaya gala(a)s-sala(a)x - 2 times, slightly turning the body to the right
Hyaya gala(a)l-falya(a)x - 2 times, slightly turning the body to the left
Allahu Akbar - 2 times
La(a) ila(a)ha illallaah- 1 time
This is how the basic postulates for any Muslim are brought to the child’s consciousness: that the Lord of the worlds is great and has no partners, that Muhammad (s.g.w.) is His messenger, that believers should not postpone their prayer, which serves as the path to salvation.
They read after the adhan dua:
“Allahumma Rabba haazikhi dagvati tammya. Vya sala(a)til kaaimya. Ati Muhammadan al-Vasilyatya vyal-fiadtyalya, vya b’askhu myak’omyan Myahmuudyan allazii vya’adtyahu. Innyakya la tuhliful-mi’aad”
Meaningful translation: “O Allah, the Lord of this call. And also with this prayer performed, bring Muhammad to Wasila (i.e., let him achieve what he most strived for) and to a high position, and guide him to the place of praise that You promised him. Truly, You always keep your promises!”
And here comes the climax of the ritual - the adhan reader bends over the child’s right ear, blows lightly three times and quietly pronounces his name and patronymic three times (in any language). For example:
"You have become Amina, daughter of Mahmud"
Next it is said Iqamat(kamat), the text of which is identical to the adhan, with the difference that no turns of the body are made, and after the phrase “Hyaya gala(a)l-falya(a)x” Pronounced 2 times “Kad kaamyatis-sala(a)kh.” The naming one, bending over the left ear of the newborn, blows again 3 times and repeats his name and patronymic three times, as before the iqama. Can add:
“We give the son/daughter of such and such a person who is born into this world such and such a name, which corresponds to Sharia, and we present him to the sight of Allah. O our Lord, accept his (name) and bestow Your mercy. Amen"
Then good wishes come and the following dua is made (example):
“Oh, Lord! Let this child exalt the religion of Islam, be well-mannered, kind to his parents and honor them. Let his parents raise him in an atmosphere of love, mutual respect and health. Amen"
At this point, the naming procedure, in principle, ends, and it is advisable to take the baby to his room. According to established practice, if the ceremony takes place in the format of a feast with the invitation of the imam, then before those gathered begin the meal, he additionally reads the suras of the Koran and delivers a short sermon (vagaz).
Islam is a way of life. Worship in Islam is not expected on certain days and holidays, this is the whole life of a believer, because the most ordinary actions that any person performs, depending on how he does it, can become a manifestation of veneration, respect, and devotion to Allah Almighty. Islam is not only religious practices, it is how we do the most ordinary things, how we think, what we do. Every good deed, thought and habit brings the slave closer to His Creator. Good habits are as natural to a Muslim as breathing. Below are several such habits of a believer that he should not forget about on the path to the pleasure of the Almighty:
1. Set aside time every day to read and interpret the Quran. The Koran is a guide for application to the life of a Muslim. By reflecting on it, you strengthen iman, it begins to “pour out” more and more into life and becomes the embodiment of the norms prescribed by Allah. The Koran, like medicine, cleanses the heart of a Muslim, calls him to righteousness and becomes a good beginning in the commission of any deeds.
2. Remember Allah. Wherever you are, on the bus, in the car, at any convenient moment, remember Allah: “La ilaha illallah”, “SubhanAllah”, “Allahu Akbar”, “Alhamdulillah”. Remembering the Almighty in the bustle of worldly life, we realize our true position and the true owner of our life. This is how we understand that everything comes from Allah and gain His pleasure.
“Remember Me, and I will remember you. Give thanks to Me and do not be ungrateful to Me” (2:152).
3. Give alms. Allah has all-encompassing mercy and loves those who show mercy to His creations. Alms in Islam do not have to be large and monetary; even a smile and a good deed directed towards another person is sadaqah.
The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: “Every good deed is charity.”
The Prophet (peace be upon him) also said: “Every Muslim must give alms.”
One person asked: “Tell me, what if he doesn’t have anything (for this)?” He said: “Let him work with his hands, benefit himself and give alms.”
The man asked: “O Messenger of Allah, what if he cannot do this?” He said: “Then let him help the one in difficulty.”
The man asked: “What if he can’t do it?” He said: “Then let him encourage what is approved.” The man asked: “Tell me, what if he fails to do this?”
He said: “Then let him abstain from doing evil, and it will become charity.”
Another hadith says: “Every day at morning, each of you should give alms as many times as there are joints in his body. Every utterance of the words “Glory be to Allah” /Subhan-Allah/ is almsgiving, and every utterance of the words “Praise be to Allah” / Al-hamdu li-Llah/ is almsgiving, and every utterance of the words “There is no deity worthy of worship except Allah” /La ilaha illa-Allah/ is almsgiving, and every utterance of the words “Allah is great” /Allahu Akbar/ is almsgiving. Encouragement to do what is approved is almsgiving and withholding from what is disapproved is almsgiving.”
4. Don't waste time. The time spent, for example, on video games, watching TV and social networks can be spent many times more usefully. Time is one of the gifts and abilities of the Almighty, and we will be responsible for the way we spent it. Every moment of your life can become a worship of Allah Almighty, do not miss this opportunity.
5. Don't go to extremes. Islam is a religion of moderation and gentleness, and does not tolerate when a believer goes beyond the boundaries of reason.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: “Truly, this religion is easy, but if anyone begins to fight with it, it invariably defeats him, so stick to what is right, and approach, and rejoice, and turn (to Allah) for help morning, evening and some hours of the night."
6. Islam is a comprehensive religion that requires us to take time for our spiritual, physical and mental health. The Sunnah and the Qur'an prescribe habits that will keep you healthy and improve your character. Getting enough sleep at night will prevent you from oversleeping your prayers. Proper nutrition also helps maintain a healthy body so that you can perform your worship to the fullest.
7. Read the biography of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). The Prophet (peace be upon him) was the best of people, and the desire to follow his example is a direct path to the pleasure of Allah Almighty. The love of a believer for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) increases as he learns more about him.
“In the Messenger of Allah there was a wonderful example for you, for those who trust in Allah and the Last Day and remember Allah abundantly” (33:21).
In the modern world there are many different religions that differ from each other in their content and have certain characteristics. The most popular religions are Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Judaism and Hinduism, Sikhism and Confucianism, Taoism, Jainism and Shintoism. All religions have their own rules and customs.
Some features of religions
For example, Christianity means “anointed one”, “messiah” in Greek. It unites three directions: Orthodoxy, Catholicism and Protestantism. All of them are united by faith in the triune God, while Jesus Christ is presented as the God-man who saves the world. Religion is based on love for man, mercy for suffering people. Christian teaching claims that this religion was not created by people, but was given to human society as a ready-made, complete teaching.
The Jewish national religion, Judaism, recognizes only one and the Messiah (savior). The oldest teaching (1st millennium BC), which arose in Palestine, is based on the chosenness of the Jewish people. It rejects Jesus Christ.
In the 5th-6th centuries. BC e. in India, a religion arises, which is aimed at achieving the highest peace and bliss (nirvana) as a result of the renunciation of all desires and moral perfection (in Buddhism), etc.
One of the most widespread religions is Islam, which originated on the Arabian Peninsula (early 7th century BC).
The essence of religion
Islam (from Arabic - “monotheism”) is a religion that recognizes one God. It is believed that before the appearance of people on earth, it was professed by Angels. All the Prophets sent by the Almighty called to her and addressed all nations in different languages. The latest scriptures are presented in Arabic because the last Prophet was an Arab. Therefore, religious terms sound in Arabic (Islam is faith in God and his Prophets, Allah is the Arabic name of God, Muslim is a believer).
The basic rule of Islam is belief in one God, the revealed Koran, as well as in destiny, life after death (resurrection), hell for the “infidels” and prosperity in paradise for believers. Everything that happens in the life of a Muslim is created by God (good, evil, etc.).
The essence of the rules
Every follower of the religion should know the set of rules in Islam. Showing reverence, respect and devotion to Allah Almighty is carried out by citizens throughout their lives. The rules of life in Islam are the basis of life values for Muslims. All their actions, actions, and thoughts are aimed at getting as close to God as possible and earning prosperity in paradise through their pious life.
There are rules in Islam. Five of them are obligatory for all Muslims. Each of them requires inner spiritual dedication. Correct completion of each of the rules is required.
Gold
Let's look at the golden rules of Islam:
- Belief in one God, recognition of the Prophet Muhammad, his mission (shahadah).
- Daily prayers at specific times: five times/day (namaz).
- Fasting for a month - Ramadan (Eid).
- Pay religious tax (tax for needy people, zakat) regularly.
- Walking to Mecca and Medina (pilgrimage, hajj).
The sixth rule of Muslims in modern society is jihad, which from a theological point of view means fighting one’s own passions.
Behavior rules
There are rules of behavior and certain norms in everyday life in Islam. Start every morning with prayer, greet each other when meeting, thank Allah for food, for work, etc. There are certain rules for eating, wearing clothes, and maintaining hygiene. The Quran also provides ethical standards for behavior in society, at work and at home. By fulfilling these instructions, Muslims try to be pious and get as close as possible to God, who will grant them heavenly life after death.
Dress rules
Rules in Islam establish compliance with clothing requirements for both men and women. Representatives of the fairer sex should not wear men's clothing. However, guys are not allowed to wear women's clothing. Images of animals on clothes of both sexes are also excluded.
The conditions for the manufacture of things are stipulated: only permitted material is allowed. For men, clothing should be modest, made from simple fabrics, without gold trim. Her beauty is expressed by its simplicity and restraint. Silk or collar finishes are allowed. Gold jewelry, cufflinks, rings or chains are also not permitted.
Both men's and women's clothing highlight human qualities first and foremost. It should not resemble the outfits of “infidels.” Wearing clothes is not a material requirement for it. This is gratitude to the Almighty God for the fact that a Muslim recognizes himself as his slave.
Rules for women
What are the rules for women in Islam? An important feature of the religion of Islam is modesty. Believers are humble, patient and courageous. Remaining in the shadows, they lead their righteous lifestyle. Ready for compassion and generosity.
Rules in Islam call on a woman to be modest, chaste, and not to show off herself. Women's clothing should hide the sexual attractiveness of its owner from prying eyes. Such women are forced to wear a hijab. It is believed that this shows the nobility and femininity of Muslim women.
The hijab conveys a specific message of a woman's submission to the divine will in all aspects of her life. She wants to be understood and appreciated for her beautiful deeds, kindness and modesty, and lack of desire for luxury. Clothes should be loose and not transparent. At the same time, the choice of style, color scheme and taste preferences is not limited. The girl's behavior should also be modest.
The integrity of a Muslim woman, wearing modest clothing that symbolizes femininity and conceals sexuality, commands respect from men. A woman has no right to demand from her husband more than she needs to live. This also shows modesty. She must obey her man always and in everything. Preserving the honor of her husband both at home and abroad is also the responsibility of a Muslim woman. Do not look out of the windows of the house unnecessarily, do not talk to your neighbors in vain. A woman should try to do everything so that her husband is pleased with her.
In addition to all of the above, Muslim women must constantly pray, maintain order in the house, etc. The husband and obligations to him should always come first. The wife should always be dressed up and attractive to her husband, in clean clothes, and in a good mood. Rejoice at his return. It is unacceptable to contradict or raise your voice at your husband. If he is wrong, then guide him to the right path calmly, with the help of the power of persuasion, calling on Allah. Treat children with kindness and patience, taking pity on them, and do only good to everyone.
Sexual relations
An important task in the matter of sexual relations in Islam is the preservation of chastity of both sexes. Rules in Islam prescribe to “take care of your limbs and dull your gaze” for both Muslim women and believing men. If a man cannot marry due to financial insolvency, then he must abstain from sexual relations. Fasting and prayers help relieve tension in this situation.
The most important requirement for marriage is the virginity of the future bride. This does not mean that you should not marry women who have been previously married. The very concept of “virginity” has a moral meaning. A woman's honor and dignity are protected by the Koran. The rules require treating women with respect. Sexual relationships are part of family life. And only a legal husband has the right to have intimate relations with his wife. A woman has the same right in relation to her husband. If the marriage is polygamous, then all wives have equal rights to their husband.
Principles for regulating relationships
The rules of religion in Islam establish the principles for regulating relationships between the sexes and control the sexual behavior of all believers:
- It is forbidden for men and women to communicate freely for fun or to enjoy communication in a group of different sexes. To limit contact between the sexes, special women's and men's sections have been established in schools, colleges, hospitals and public transport.
- People who can theoretically get married are allowed to meet in public if there is a professional or educational need for work matters. If a man has the intention of getting married, then he can communicate with a woman.
- If communication occurs, then both the woman and the man must maintain decency in everything (in looks, speech, behavior).
- If a guy and a girl are not related by blood, then they cannot be together in the same room.
- Muslim women should show off their sexy body shapes behind their clothes. A woman should only be attractive to her husband.
The wedding night
The first wedding night in Islam, the rules of which we will consider further, is a special moment in the life of the newlyweds. Young people in beautiful clothes, perfumed with incense. The groom gives his young wife a gift, treats her with sweets and has a heart-to-heart talk. Then you both need to perform 2 rak'ahs of prayer and ask Allah for a happy life, full of abundance and prosperity. At the same time, the young people are a little distracted and calm down under the influence of prayer (it has a powerful effect). Then the man must spend delicately and tenderly all aspects of the first wedding night, since the future of their relationship will depend on it. If the bride gets scared and has an aversion to intimacy, this will lead to a deterioration in their life together. After all, this is the first time she sees a man so close to her.
The girl must undress herself. In this case, the lighting should be dim. At this moment, long-term caresses and love games are important. After this, the bride will calm down and relax, she will feel excited and desire. Then the man can get closer together and carry out the act of defloration. With a gentle and delicate attitude, defloration is painless. A rude, persistent attitude can cause the development of vaginismus - spasm of the genital organs. And normal sexual intercourse is impossible.
In the modern world, where there are no remnants of the past, the result of first sexual intercourse is not flaunted, where the presence of blood stains on the sheet is obligatory. This confirms the bride's innocence. Indeed, according to the law of the Koran, marriage between a man and a woman is a sacred sacrament. Therefore, everything that happens between two people remains a secret.
Divorce in Islam: rules
For Muslims, strong bonds of marriage come first. But there are situations that can lead to divorce. First, the spouses are given time for reconciliation. The most compelling reasons for divorce are renunciation of Islam and immoral and contrary to Islam behavior of the spouse. If the period of reconciliation does not produce positive results, then divorce is inevitable.
During the period of waiting for divorce, intimate intimacy between spouses is not provided. According to old customs, a married couple was considered divorced after the word “talaq” (Arabic for divorce) was pronounced three times. Children stay with their mother: boys up to 7-8 years old, and girls up to 13-15 years old. At the same time, the father is obliged to support them until they reach adulthood.
Fundamental Rules of Islamic Conduct
There is a rather important custom among Muslims, which applies to representatives of the male half. A big holiday in the life of boys is circumcision (Sunnet). It is carried out at an early age: from 3 to 7 years. It is believed that after circumcision, a boy becomes a man. Girls are Muslims from birth if their father is Muslim. Islam for Muslims is the greatest gift from the Almighty, which gives everyone the true faith.
Muslims encounter these phrases every day. They are pronounced under certain circumstances. Some - in a period of joy, some - in grief and sadness, others - in a period of danger. But do we know what these phrases mean and do we know how to use them for their intended purpose? This material provides an interpretation of the phrases most used by Muslims.
1. “Bismillahi-r-raẍmani-r-raẍim” – “In the name of Allah, Most Gracious to everyone in this world and only to those who believe in the next!”. Pronounced at the beginning of any action. It is recommended to say before eating, sleeping, dressing, reading the Koran, ablution, reading theological books, etc.
2. "A"uzubillahi mina-sh-shayani-r-rajim" – “I seek the help of Allah for protection from the damned Satan, deprived of His mercy”. They are pronounced for the purpose of protection from Satan, turning for help to God, who created Satan himself. They read before reading the Koran, Surah Al-Fatiha in prayer, before going to bed, before performing ablution, before entering the toilet and other dirty places, and also in a state of anger.
3. “Sallallahu alayhi wa sallam” – "Peace and blessings of Allah be upon him". Pronounced after mentioning the name of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. The Almighty says in the Quran (meaning): “Verily, Allah and His angels bless the Prophet ﷺ. O you who believe! Bless him and greet him in peace." (Surah al-Ahzab, verse 56).
4. “Astafirullah” – "I ask forgiveness from Allah". These are words of repentance that are spoken after committing a sin or seeing something sinful.
11. “Allahu-l-musta’an» – "Allah is the Helper". They say it when faced with difficult situations.
12. “La ẍavlya wa la ḱuvvata illya billah” – “There is no strength or might except from Allah”. They read it when they encounter any difficulty, and by remembering the Lord in this way, a person humbles himself before Him, showing that only the Almighty is capable of changing this situation for relief, and only He controls the entire situation, and not people or any other circumstances.
13. "Ẍasbunallah wa ni'ma-l-wakil" – “Allah is enough for us, He is the best, on whom we rely”. Pronounced when fear and anxiety arise, when faced with insurmountable circumstances.
14. “Inna lillahi wa inna ilyayhi raji’un” – “Verily, we are from the Most High and to Him we will be returned.”. They say it when any grief or misfortune occurs, or when there is sad news about the death of someone.
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