Topic: Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev “Bezhin Meadow”.
Images of peasant boys.
Lesson objectives:
educational : reveal imagespeasant boys; show the richness of their spiritual world, Turgenev’s skill in creating portraits and comparative characteristics heroes;
developing: development of students’ monologue speech, expressive reading, and skills in characterizing literary characters; developing the ability to analyze text and extract moral values from a work;
educational : cultivate a love of reading fiction.
Tasks: consolidate the skills of working on a portrait description of a literary hero; show how the author relates to his characters; find out how the stories told by the boys characterize them; develop attention, ability to analyze, draw conclusions; cultivate attention to the surrounding world.
Lesson equipment : presentation for the lessonMicrosoftPowerPoint, entry ticket, exit ticket, tables for group work, portraits of boys for structureCorners, portraits of boys on each table, diagnostic card of the group.
Forms of work : group, pair, individual.
Educational structures (Educare) : Corners, Single Round Robin, Mix Pair Share,ticketonexit.
Lesson type : combined
“Reading the story, it’s as if you’re actually admiring
boys - each of them has character, in each
unique soul..."
I. Smolnikov “Mid-Century”
Progress of the lesson.
1. Organizational moment. Greeting guests, a partner on the shoulder, on the face.
2. Statement of the topic and purpose of the lesson.
Teacher reads a poemI. Z. Surikov “In the night”.
Summer evening. Behind the forests
The sun has already set;
At the edge of the distant sky
Zorka turned red;
But that too went out. Stomp
It is heard in the field.
That's a herd of horses at night
It rushes through the meadows.
Grabbing the horses by the mane,
Children are jumping in the field.
That's joy and fun,
That's the way for the children!
On the tall horse grass
They wander in the open;
The children gathered in a group
The conversation starts...
And children come to mind
Grandmother's tales:
There's a witch rushing with a broom
For night dances;
There's a goblin rushing over the forest
With a shaggy head,
And across the sky, showering sparks,
The winged serpent flies;
And some are all in white
Shadows walk in the field...
Children are afraid - and children
The fire is lit.
3.Work in groups.
Discuss with your partner:
How is this poem related to the topic of our lesson? (In Turgenev's story we meet the village boys who went out into the night).
Participant No. 3, table No. 2, No. 4, table No. 1 answers.
Discuss with your shoulder partner:
What does it mean to “go out into the night”? (Horse grazing at night ) Hwhat does night mean for boys? (freedom, independence)
Participant No. 1, table No. 3, No. 2, table No. 4 answers.
Single Round Robin . Now I will ask you a question, you will discuss it in the group in turn. Student #1 starts.
How does the hero - the narrator - feel about the guys he accidentally met in the night steppe? How will we know about this?
Participant No. 1, table No. 3, participant No. 2, table No. 4, respond.
4.Individual work . Partial test of knowledge of the text at the first stage of the lesson.
Each of you received an entry ticket today (application No. 1 ), open it. What do you see? (text) What kind of text is this?(Description, portrait)
- What is a portrait? (depiction of the hero’s appearance (his face, figure, clothes) in the work).
What can you learn from a portrait?
- Can we tell about a person’s inner qualities from a portrait?
Texts (on A4 sheets, folded into an envelope so that the number is not visible)
1. He was a slender boy of fourteen years old, with beautiful and thin, slightly small features, curly blond hair, light eyes and a constant half-cheerful, half-absent-minded smile . (Fedya).
2. He has tousled black hair, gray eyes, wide cheekbones, a pale, pockmarked face, a large but regular mouth; the whole head is huge, as they say, the size of a beer cauldron; the body is squat, awkward. (Pavlusha).
3His face was rather insignificant: hook-nosed, elongated, slightly blind, his compressed lips did not move, his knitted eyebrows did not diverge. His yellow, almost white hair stuck out in sharp braids from under his low felt cap. . (Ilyusha)
4. This is a boy of about ten years old... His whole face was small, thin, freckled, pointed downwards, like a squirrel’s; lips could hardly be distinguished; but his large, black eyes, shining with a liquid brilliance, made a strange impression. (Kostya).
Determine what we are talking about. You can use your shoulder partner's hint. Look at the boys (Fedya's portrait, Vanya's portrait, Kostya's portrait, Ilyusha's portrait, Pavlusha's portrait on every table ) and decide on the hero.
5. Angles. Corners (students are distributed according to different angles depending on the answer option he chooses)
Now look carefully at the walls and find a portrait of your hero. Go to him.
Read your description to each other (15 sec.) Do you agree that you correctly identified the hero?
Discuss in pairs why no one took a place near Vanya’s portrait. (10 sec).
Why?
Now unfold your entry ticket. You saw the number of the group where you are going for further work.
Characterage
Family, status
Cloth
Why did I end up at night?
Character
Main features
Where and in what ways did they manifest themselves?
Impression
You must fill it out and prepare a coherent story about the hero who is more interesting to you. To work7 minutes.
6.Speeches (3 minutes)
7. Fastening the material (mix-pea-shea).
Let's dance! Students silently mingle to the music as they move around the room. The music has stopped, the teacher announces “Get into pairs!” The student forms a pair with the student closest to him and gives a high five. Students who have not found a partner raise their hands to find each other.
Teacher question (5 seconds to think about it):
1) Why did the peasant children end up on Bezhin Meadow at night?
The students who have lighter eyes answer.
Music.
2) Which of the boys is the richest? How do you know about this?
(Fedya. By clothes)
Students with darker hair answer.
Music.
3) How old were the children ? ( Fedya is about 14 years old, Pavlusha and Ilyusha look no more than 12 years old, Kostya is 10, Vanya is 7.)
Older students answer.
Music.
4) What did the boys cook? "Potato"
The students whose home is closest to the school answer.
-Let's thank each other.
8 Exit ticket (Appendix No. 3). Completing the task in a circle (tasks in a fan, everyone answers one question, pronouncing the answer to their neighbor on the shoulder and face.) Discussion in groups.
Answer the following questions in writing:
1.What do the boys talk about around the fire?
They talk about brownies, goblins, about the dead and drowned people who come to life at night, about Trishka the Antichrist, about the merman, about the mermaid, about the voice, about the drowned Vasya.
2.What beliefs exist among the guys? About the fact that you can see someone who will die next year, a righteous soul may be in doves, a solar eclipse is a harbinger of the Antichrist, white wolves will run, people will be eaten.3.Which of the boys is the bravest? Why do you think so? Paul. He is not afraid to jump on a wolf, at night, without a twig in his hand, completely alone. It is Pavlusha who owns the funniest stories in this story. He goes for water, despite the stories about drowned people.
4.Why do guys tell each other? scary stories? The boys' conversations reflect superstitions and fear of them: boys believe in something that does not exist in the world, but that is instilled in them by the ignorance and superstition of adults.
Let's thank each other! Well done, you did a good job!
Let's summarize the lesson.
There is a mystery in every portrait. We feel that Turgenev seems to be calling us to peer and think, without stopping at the first impression. The author has sympathy for children. In Turgenev's portrayal, these are gifted, capable children. Each of them has its own special character.What are they?
(Fedya is full of self-esteem, which is expressed in the fact that he tries to listen more than to speak: he is afraid that he might say something stupid.
Pavlusha is businesslike and caring: he cooks potatoes, goes to fetch water. He is the bravest and most courageous of the boys: alone, without a twig, he galloped towards the wolf, while all the other boys were terribly frightened. By nature he is endowed with common sense.
Ilyusha is inquisitive, inquisitive, but his mind and curiosity are directed only towards the terrible and mysterious. It seems to him that all life is surrounded only by spirits hostile to man.
Kostya is compassionate by nature: he sympathizes with all people who, in his opinion, have suffered from evil spirits.
Vanya, about whom almost nothing is said in the story, deeply loves nature. During the day he likes flowers, at night he likes stars. It was he, in a sincere outburst of his childish spontaneity, who diverted the boys’ attention from talking about the terrible to the beautiful stars.)
- Are children interesting to the hunter?
Despite the difference in age, education, upbringing, social status, children are interesting to Turgenev. He forgets about fatigue and listens carefully to all these stories. The hunter did not fall asleep by the fire, but watched the guys with undisguised curiosity. In his story, he expressed a feeling of deep, sincere sympathy for peasant children.
- How did you imagine the world of peasant children in the 19th century? What is it filled with? How did they live?
(On the one hand, independent from the cradle, they have absorbed everything Russian: attitude to nature, beliefs, signs, a lively mind. On the other hand, hard work, lack of opportunity to study.)
- Can we tell about a person’s inner qualities from a portrait?
- Is it possible to recognize and reveal the image of a hero from speech?
(The children's stories are colorful, bright, testify to the richness of their imagination, their ability to convey their impressions, but at the same time, to a greater extent, they speak about something else: about the darkness of children, about the fact that children are captive of the wildest superstitions.) Here is before You see another side of the world of childhood in the image of Turgenev.
But we will talk about this in more detail in the next lesson.
Homework. What is speech characteristic heroes? (Work according to the text)
10.Grades for the lesson (Appendix No. 4):
Goodbye guys. All the best!
How to explain why the story is called “Bezhin Meadow”? What other works have you read that are named after the events that take place in them?
The story is called “Bezhin Meadow” after the place where its events took place. Bezhin Meadow is located thirteen kilometers from the estate of I. S. Turgenev Spasskoye-Lutovinovo. In addition to small stories named after the place where the events described in them took place, there are large works, for example, the epic novel “Quiet Don” by M. A. Sholokhov.
What signs of good summer weather that the Russian farmer knew does Turgenev point out?
The story “Bezhin Meadow” begins with a very detailed description everyone will be welcomed by persistently good weather in summer middle lane Russia. This description is not only accurate, but also beautiful. Together with the author, we observe how the sky changes above us, and we learn to connect the beauty of living nature with the phenomena that this beauty helps to understand. Before us is a unique weather forecast that a Russian peasant of the 19th century knew how to make.
We read at the beginning of the story:
“From early morning the sky is clear; the morning dawn does not blaze with fire: it spreads with a gentle blush...”;
“The sun is not fiery, not hot, as during a sultry drought, not dull purple, as before a storm, but bright and welcomingly radiant...”;
“The upper, thin edge of the stretched cloud will sparkle with snakes...”;
“But then the playing rays poured out again, and the mighty luminary rose cheerfully and majestically, as if taking off...”
Try to describe the state of summer nature: morning, afternoon, evening.
We just remembered how the morning is described in the story. Now let’s watch the evening: “By evening these clouds disappear; the last of them, blackish and vague, like smoke, lie in pink clouds opposite the setting sun; at the place where it set as calmly as it calmly rose into the sky, the scarlet glow stands for a short time over the darkened earth, and, quietly blinking, like a carefully carried candle, the evening star glows on it.”
You can take another fragment, but each description brings to us both the beauty of nature and an accurate description of the signs of summer weather familiar to the peasants.
Basic figurative means (personification and metaphors)
Morning awakening picture |
|
In personifications | In metaphors |
“A fresh stream ran across my face”; “The dawn has not yet blushed anywhere”; “and the liquid early breeze has already begun to wander and flutter over the earth”; “everything moved, woke up, sang, made noise, spoke” | “The pale gray sky became lighter, colder, bluer; the stars blinked with faint light and then disappeared, the earth became damp, the leaves became foggy”; “flowed around me... first scarlet, then red, golden streams of young, hot light”; “Large drops of dew began to glow everywhere like radiant diamonds” |
Comparison | Metaphor | Personification | Epithet |
"The night was approaching and | “Darkness rose from everywhere and even poured from above”; | “At the bottom of it (the ravine) | “The night bird timidly dived to the side”; |
Ghosts of the night | Pictures of the night | Boys' impressions |
Visual images | “The dark, clear sky stood solemnly and immensely high above us with all its mysterious splendor”; “I looked around: the night stood solemnly and royally”; “Countless golden stars seemed to flow quietly, twinkling in competition, in the direction of the Milky Way...” | “The picture was wonderful!” “Look, look, guys,” Vanya’s childish voice suddenly rang out, “look at God’s stars, the bees are swarming!” “The eyes of all the boys rose to the sky and did not fall soon.” |
“Almost no noise was heard all around... Only occasionally in a nearby river would splash with sudden sonority big fish, and the coastal reeds would rustle faintly, barely shaken by the oncoming wave... only the lights crackled quietly.” | ||
Mysterious sounds | “Suddenly, somewhere in the distance, a long ringing, almost moaning sound was heard...”; “it seemed as if someone else responded to him in the forest with a thin, sharp laugh, and a weak, hissing whistle rushed along the river”; “a strange, sharp, painful cry suddenly rang out twice in a row over the river and a few moments later was repeated further” | “The boys looked at each other and shuddered”; “Kostya shuddered. - What is this? “It’s a heron screaming,” Pavel calmly objected.” |
“My chest felt sweetly ashamed, inhaling that special, languid and fresh smell - the smell of a Russian summer night”; in the morning |
The meaning of nature in the story “Bezhin Meadow”
Descriptions of morning, afternoon, evening, night
I Description of landscape sketches
II The sound side of the pictures
Group I | Group II | III group |
Dark gray sky; drenched in shadow; the pond barely smokes; the edge of the sky turns red; the air brightens, the road becomes clearer; the sky is clearing; the clouds are turning white; the fields are green; in the huts the splinters burn with red fire; the dawn flares up, golden stripes stretch across the sky; steam swirls in the ravines; watery green meadows; a damp sheen in the air; a green line marks the footprints across the dewy, whitened grass, etc. | The restrained, indistinct whisper of the night is heard; every sound seems to stand in frozen air, stands and does not pass; the cart rattled loudly; sparrows chirp; Sleepy voices are heard outside the gates; the larks sing loudly; lapwings fly screaming; the sonorous clang of the scythe is heard behind us, etc. | The damp wind comes in a light wave; you are a little cold, you are dozing; your heart will flutter like a bird; fresh, fun, loving; how freely the chest breathes, how vigorously the limbs move, how the whole person becomes stronger, engulfed fresh breath spring; If you part the wet bush, you will be showered with the accumulated warm smell of the night; the whole air is filled with the fresh bitterness of wormwood, honey, buckwheat and “porridge”, etc. |
Describe the hunter's first meeting with peasant children from neighboring villages. Like the author, give a general description of the boys.
“Children’s ringing voices were heard around the lights, two or three boys rose from the ground... These... were peasant children from neighboring villages...”; “There were five boys: Fedya, Pavlusha, Ilyusha, Kostya and Vanya.” The boys set out at night and were busy talking until the hunter appeared. They were from seven to fourteen years old. All the guys were from families of different incomes, and therefore they differed not only in their clothes, but also in their demeanor. But the boys were friendly with each other and talked with interest; their conversation attracted the hunter’s attention.
Create a portrait of one of the boys of your choice.
Most often, students choose to describe Pavlusha as the bravest and most determined boy. But some girls choose Ilyusha because he knew a lot of scary stories and they can be included in the story, which makes the story more interesting. Those who want to give a shorter answer choose Vanya’s portrait.
The story about any boy should be short. We propose to build it according to the general plan.
- The boy's appearance.
- His role among friends around the fire.
- The stories they told.
- Attitude to other people's stories.
- An idea of the boy's character.
- The author's attitude towards this hero.
If you choose Pavlush for the story, then you must decide how you explain the reason for his death. Most often they talk about an absurd accident, but one cannot ignore that Pavlusha was very brave and took an unjustified risk, and this could have ruined him.
The story very briefly and clearly gives a portrait of each of the boys and tells their stories in detail. So choose from the text necessary suggestions and combining them into one story according to the above plan is not difficult.
Illustrations by A.F. Pakhomov * for the story by I.S. Turgenev
"Bezhin Meadow"
Fedya
Fedya was one of the ringleaders, the son of a wealthy peasant. Fedya, you would give him fourteen years. He was a slender boy, with beautiful and delicate, slightly small features, curly blond hair, light eyes and a constant half-cheerful, half-absent-minded smile. He behaves with restraint, a little condescendingly - the position obliges him. He belonged, by all accounts, to a rich family and went out into the field not out of necessity, but just for fun. He was wearing a motley cotton shirt with a yellow border; a small new army jacket, worn saddle-back, barely rested on his narrow shoulders; a comb hung from a blue belt. His boots with low tops were just like his boots - not his father's.
Fedya is a slender boy with beautiful and thin, slightly small features, curly blond hair and a constant half-cheerful, half-absent-minded smile.
He was wearing a motley cotton shirt with a yellow border, a small new army jacket, put on saddled, barely rested on his narrow shoulders; A comb hung from a blue belt. His boots with low tops were exactly his boots - not his father's.
Fedya lay leaning on his elbow and spreading the tails of his overcoat. is patronizing towards other boys. Fedya is patronizing towards other boys.
He listened carefully to all the boys, but with all his appearance he showed that he did not believe in their stories. It is felt that he received a good education at home and therefore he is not characterized by the naivety that is inherent in other children.
The second boy Pavlushi, the hair was tousled, black, the eyes were gray, the cheekbones were wide, the face was pale, pockmarked, the mouth was large, but correct, the whole head was huge, as they say, the size of a beer pot, the body was squat, awkward. The guy was unprepossessing - needless to say! - but still I liked him: he looked very smart and direct, and there was strength in his voice. He could not flaunt his clothes: they all consisted of a simple homespun shirt and patched ports.
Pavlusha watched the potatoes and, kneeling, poked a sliver of wood into the boiling water.
Pavlusha tells three stories: about heavenly foresight, about Trishka, about Vasya’s voice.
Pavlusha is distinguished by her efficiency and courage. He was not afraid to go and see why the dogs were worried.
Ilyusha- an ugly but neat boy. His face was hook-nosed, elongated, slightly blind, and expressed a kind of dull, painful solicitude. Yellow, almost white hair stuck out in sharp braids from under a low felt cap, which he pulled over his ears every now and then with both hands. He was wearing new bast shoes and onuchi; a thick rope, twisted three times around the waist, carefully tied his neat black scroll. Both he and Pavlusha looked no more than twelve years old.
Ilyusha tells 7 stories: a story about a brownie that happened to him and his comrades, about a werewolf, about the late master Ivan Ivanovich, about fortune telling in parent's Saturday, about Trishka the Antichist, about the peasant and the goblin, and about the merman. Ilyusha differs from all the village boys in his ability to captivatingly tell scary stories.
In the description Bones, a boy of about ten years old, the author notes a thoughtful and sad look. His whole face was small, thin, freckled, pointed downwards, like a squirrel's; his lips could barely be distinguished, but a strange impression was made by his large, black eyes, shining with a liquid brilliance; they seemed to want to say something, but he had no words. He was short, frail in build, and dressed rather poorly.
Kostya lowered his head a little and looked somewhere into the distance. He is thoughtful and sad.
Kostya retells the story about the mermaid, which he heard from his father, about the voice from the boom and about the boy Vasya from his village
Portrait characteristics Vani the author does not give, he only writes that he was only seven years old. He lay and did not move under his matting.
Vanya is timid and silent, he does not tell any stories because he is small, but he looks at the sky and admires God's stars.
Vasya is a very kind boy. He speaks fondly of his sister.
How are children's stories related to the night landscape?
All the scary stories in the story are selected in such a way that they are in harmony with both the night landscape and the excitement of children thirsting for something extraordinary. The narrator himself seems to join their perception of the environment.
What did I. S. Turgenev want to convey with the images of boys around the fire?
Turgenev showed their natural talent and poetry. Each of them has their own style of storytelling, but they all speak simply, accurately, and figuratively. Boys tell scary stories about evil forces, but they believe in the victory of good.
However, the boys' stories testify not only to the richness of their imagination, but also to the fact that they are captive of superstitions born of darkness and the powerless situation of the people.
“Bezhin Meadow” is one of the most poetic stories in “Notes of a Hunter.” It awakens in a person the ability to perceive beauty, reveals the beauty of both Russian nature and the seemingly unremarkable heroes who grew up among it.
Which character did you like the most? Which boy do you think the author likes best? Try to prove it with text.
When discussing those boys whom we see around the fire, the sympathies of the majority are on the side of Pavlusha. And his advantages are easy to prove: he is brave, decisive, and less superstitious than his comrades. Therefore, each of his stories about mysterious events is distinguished by the desire to understand the reasons for what is happening, and not the desire to look for terrible secret. But not only the majority of readers like Pavlusha, I. S. Turgenev himself speaks of his sympathy for him on the pages of the story: “The little guy was unprepossessing - needless to say! “But still, I liked him: he looked very smart and straightforward, and there was strength in his voice.”
Turgenev called the stories told by the boys, first tales, then legends, then beliefs. Modern scientists call them tales. Explain what each of these words means. Which one more accurately conveys the features of children's stories?
Tales are usually called false stories of people who are trying to deceive their listeners. Most often this word is used to disparage someone's untruthful account of events. Tradition is most often called an oral story about historical events or figures that is passed down from generation to generation. This genre of folklore is often replaced by the word legend, which also tells about long-past events. The word belief has a similar meaning. The word blade of grass was created recently and is used to describe works of folklore that deal with events in which the storytellers themselves or people close to them participated.
Retell one of the stories close to the text. Try to explain how it could have appeared.
You can use the very first tale that the hunter heard from Ilyusha. This is the story of what happened at Rolna, a tiny paper mill where the boys worked. Having stayed overnight at their workplace, they just started telling all sorts of scary stories and remembered about the brownie, when they immediately heard someone’s steps. They were afraid primarily because they were sure that the brownie could be heard, but not seen. And footsteps and fussing above their heads were clearly heard, and someone else began to go down the stairs... And although the door to the room where they were all lying opened and they didn’t see anyone there, this did not reassure them. Then suddenly someone “coughs, choke, like some kind of sheep...”.
In every class there are students who immediately talk about a sheep that probably accidentally wandered into a paper factory and began to wander along its stairs, and the frightened children mistook the sounds they heard for the tricks of a brownie.
Thus, everyday observations can explain each of the stories told around the fire. What is important is not that the fears most often turned out to be the fruit of fiction, but how inventive the storytellers were and how they sought to understand the causes of a variety of incidents.
Compare the stories of Pavlusha and Ilyusha about the end of the world. How do boys' ideas differ? Choose one story to retell and explain your choice.
Stories about the same episode - about solar eclipse(the end of the world) - Pavlusha and Ilyusha are sharply different from each other. Pavlusha tells it very laconically, briefly, he sees the funny side in the events that caused the end of the world: the cowardice of his fellow villagers, the inability to understand what is happening. Ilyusha, on the contrary, is full of delight at the unusual event, and no jokes come to his mind. He is even inclined to scare the listeners a little and claims that “he (Trishka) will come when the last times come.”
When choosing one story for your retelling, you need to explain why the choice was made. Usually boys choose Pavlushi's story for its laconicism and for its cheerful smile at what scares others. Girls often sympathize with Ilyusha, and some even tend to empathize with his fears.
How can you explain the ending of the story “Bezhin Meadow”?
The ending of the story “Bezhin Meadow” is simple and natural. The hunter woke up before the boys, who were sleeping by the fire, and went to his house. This is the ending of many stories in the collection “Notes of a Hunter” by I. S. Turgenev, which includes “Bezhin Meadow”. In each of them, the hunter leaves the place where some events happened to him and goes home. But at the end of the story “Bezhin Meadow” there is a note made by the author: “Unfortunately, I must add that in the same year Pavel passed away. He didn't drown: he killed himself, fell from his horse. It’s a pity, he was a nice guy!” Thus, a tragic ending was added to the story about the fate of the hero who aroused the author’s sympathy.
Follow the techniques the author uses when creating a portrait of Pavlusha: “His ugly face, enlivened by fast driving, burned with bold prowess and firm determination.” What artistic techniques does the author use?
Retell close to the text a fragment of the story where the author gives a description of nature.
When preparing a retelling, you need to work with the literary text: mark logical stresses and pauses. This is what the markup of part of the text might look like.
“I didn’t have time to move two miles away, as they were already pouring all around me across the wide wet meadow, | and in front, along the green hills, | from forest to forest, | and behind along a long dusty road, | along the sparkling, stained bushes, | and along the river, | shyly turning blue from under the glowing fog, - The scarlet ones were suitable at first, | then red, golden streams of young hot light..." Material from the site http://iEssay.ru
Prepare the speech characteristics of the boys from the story “Bezhin Meadow”.
There were five boys at the fire, and each of them has a different voice, manner of communication, and speech. Ilyusha speaks in a “hoarse and weak voice”, he is very verbose and prone to repetition. Pavlusha “had strength in his voice,” he was clear and convincing. Kostya spoke in a “subtle voice” and at the same time knew how to describe events. Fedya kept up the conversation “with a patronizing air,” but did not deign to tell stories himself. We did not immediately hear the “childish voice” of Vanya, who was too early to be a storyteller.
You can talk in great detail about the speaking style of Pavlushi and Ilyusha, who are very different from each other in their speech characteristics.
Pavlusha speaks clearly, thinks logically, and strives to substantiate her judgments when telling stories. He is, perhaps, the only one endowed with a sense of humor, the ability to see the comic side of the events he observes.
Ilyusha is verbose and prone to repetition, he emotionally experiences what he talks about, and does not even try to organize his speech or find any convincing evidence of the veracity of his stories.
Where Pavlusha laughs, Ilyusha gets scared, where Pavlusha understands the everyday causes of events, Ilyusha paints everything in a dark fog of mystery.
We can conclude that speech characteristics help to understand a person’s character.
How does the author manage to show a different attitude towards each of the boys in the story “Bezhin Meadow”? Find words that show this attitude.
At first, I. S. Turgenev is simply going to introduce the reader to the boys. Describing each of them, he said about one thing - “but still I liked him...”, and about Kostya - he “aroused my curiosity with his thoughtful and sad gaze.” But after the first acquaintance, the author more than once adds passing clarifications. Ilyusha replies “...in a hoarse and weak voice, the sound of which could not have been more consistent with the expression of his face...”, a little later we hear “Vanya’s childish voice.”
However, the most convincing evidence of the author’s attitude towards each of his heroes can be found in the description of the stories themselves told by the boys, in the words of the author that accompany these stories. It is worth remembering how Pavlusha and Ilyusha spoke about the same event, and we will immediately say that the author’s sympathies are on Pavlusha’s side.
Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev is a remarkable Russian writer of the 19th century, who already during his lifetime gained a reading vocation and world fame. His work served the cause of the abolition of serfdom and inspired the fight against autocracy.
Turgenev's works poetically capture pictures of Russian nature, the beauty of genuine human feelings. The author knew how to deeply and subtly comprehend modern life, truthfully and poetically reproducing it in his works. He saw the true interest of life not in the severity of its external manifestations, not in intrigue, but in complex world human psychology, which ultimately determines the true drama of relationships between people. The story “Bezhin Meadow” introduced the problem of depiction into Russian literature children's world and child psychology. The appearance of this story meant a new turn and expansion of the theme of the Russian peasant world. His children's representatives show his talent, beauty and at the same time the tragedy of the situation.
In the story “Bezhin Meadow” Turgenev describes five heroes: Fedya, Pavlusha, Ilyusha, Kostya and Vanya. Talking in detail about the appearance and clothing features of the boys, the author shows the difference in their characters. Fedya, a boy of fourteen, “was a slender boy, with beautiful and delicate, slightly small features, curly blond hair, light eyes and a constant half-cheerful, half-absent-minded smile. He belonged, by all accounts, to a rich family and went out into the field not out of necessity, but just for fun.” Pavlusha “had disheveled, black hair, gray eyes, wide cheekbones, a pale, pockmarked face, a large mouth,” but at the same time one can feel his character: “he looked very smart and straight, and there was strength in his voice.” . Ilyusha was completely different: “his face... was rather insignificant: hook-nosed, elongated, slightly blind, it expressed some kind of dull, painful solicitude; his compressed lips did not move, his knitted eyebrows did not move apart - it was as if he was squinting in the fire.” Kostya was about ten years old, “his whole face was small, thin, freckled, pointed downwards, like a squirrel’s; lips could barely be distinguished; but his large, black eyes, shining with a liquid brilliance, made a strange impression; they seemed to want to express something for which there were no words in the language—in his language at least.” Vanya, a boy of about ten years old, “lay on the ground, quietly huddled under the angular matting, and only occasionally stuck his brown curly head out from under it. This boy was only seven years old.”
Turgenev’s night spiritually liberates a person, disturbs his imagination with the endless mysteries of the universe: “I looked around: the night stood solemnly and royally... Countless golden stars seemed to flow, all flickering in competition, in the direction Milky Way, and, really, looking at them, you seemed to vaguely feel the rapid, non-stop running of the earth...”
Night nature suggests beautiful stories from legends to children, offers riddles and itself talks about their possible resolution. Explaining the mysterious phenomena of nature, peasant children cannot get rid of the impressions of the world around them. Nature disturbs human thought with its riddles and makes it possible to feel the relativity of any discoveries and solutions to its secrets. She humbles a person's strength, showing her superiority.
With love and tenderness, Turgenev draws in the story “Bezhin Meadow” peasant children, their rich spiritual world, their ability to subtly sense the beauty of nature. The writer sought not only to awaken in the reader a feeling of love and respect for the village children, but also made him think about their future fate.
The author has always been attracted to people who are spiritually and emotionally gifted, honest and sincere. Such people live on the pages of his works, and their lives, just as it happens in reality, are very difficult, because these are people of high moral principles, high demands on themselves and others. The images of the boys - the heroes of the story - are covered in a lyrical mood of sadness and sympathy. But it ends with a life-affirming, festive picture of the coming morning.
Turgenev's landscapes represent the embodiment of the author's, Turgenev's perception of nature, the heroes who are close to him and appear in the story as his representatives.
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(Option 1) Nature helps the writer penetrate deeper into the event being depicted, characterize the hero, and more accurately determine the time and place of action. In his works I.S. Turgenev more than once uses descriptions of nature that make artistic...
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Let's turn to 1-2 stories and trace how they were born - and this is happening almost before our eyes. The author helps to monitor the birth of tales, and we will be attentive to his hint. Let us recall the first story of Ilyusha, which was interrupted by the arrival of a lost man...
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Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev is a wonderful Russian writer, who wrote the famous “Notes of a Hunter”. This is a collection that includes essays, short stories and short stories. Unlike most other writers, who in their works presented...
Night. There are five boys in the meadow near the fire. Potatoes are boiled in a pot. Horses graze nearby. Suddenly the dogs barked and rushed into the darkness. The broad-shouldered, clumsy boy silently jumped up, jumped onto the horse and galloped after the dogs. It was Pavel...
Fedya from Turgenev's story “Bezhin Meadow” was the oldest boy. This left a certain imprint on his character. He was the ringleader, he asked questions himself, he didn’t tell stories or horror stories, he said little so as not to lose his dignity. He was curious and went with the guys on an overnight trip, even though he didn’t have to. He treated the younger ones patronizingly. Although he considered himself brave, at the end of the horror stories, like everyone else, he shuddered and shrugged his shoulders. Fedya was cheerful and thoughtful, always smiling.
The character of a literary hero, like a person in real life, consists of many components: appearance, social status, education, attitude towards others, actions.
Fedya's clothes and social status
The reader can judge the character of the boy Fedya from the story “Bezhin Meadow” primarily by his social status, which is decisive in his behavior. The narrator understands that he belongs to a rich family by his clothes, which are much richer than those of the other guys. He is wearing a bright shirt, with piping, and the boots are not his father’s, but his own. In addition, he can afford to wear a new overcoat, belted with a blue belt, to the pasture. The narrator comes to the conclusion that he went with the guys not for the money, but out of whim.
Fedya's speech and his attitude towards boys
After describing his appearance, Fedya’s character can be judged by his speech, which is due to his privileged position among boys, which is explained not only by his social status, but also by the fact that he is older than them in age. The main features of his speech are:
- reticence;
- curtness;
- condescending intonation;
- patronizing tone.
Fedya's speech is the main feature by which one can judge his character, because there is no description in the text inner world hero and his actions.
Fedya is the leader among boys
Fedya occupies a leading position among the boys. Therefore, on the one hand, he is the “ringleader” in the group: Fedya constantly asks the boys questions that help maintain the conversation, and on the other hand, he is forced to watch his speech so as not to lose his dignity. This can be judged by his laconicism and incomplete sentences in his speech.
He keeps his distance from the boys, speaks to them condescendingly, sometimes even mockingly: “Have you seen him, the devil, or what?” he asks Ilyusha ironically; “Well, let’s listen,” he answers with a “patronizing air” to Kostya. As the eldest, he tries not to show his fear, although stories about evil spirits he feels uneasy.
In the story by I.S. Turgenev's "Bezhin Meadow" we meet a hunter lost in the forest, on whose behalf the story is told. One of the heroes of I. S. Turgenev’s story “Bezhin Meadow” is the peasant boy Pavlusha.
Watching them and listening to their conversation, the hunter gives each of the guys a detailed description, noting their natural talent. The story “Bezhin Meadow” introduced into Russian literature the problem of depicting the children's world and child psychology. With love and tenderness, Turgenev draws in the story “Bezhin Meadow” peasant children, their rich spiritual world, their ability to subtly sense the beauty of nature. First we learned the name of the hero, then the author described the boy’s appearance, and in a few remarks and actions the character of a twelve-year-old peasant was revealed.
His story and remarks are more realistic. The boy is very superstitious, he believes in mermaids and mermaids, which he told the other guys about. You must fill it out and prepare a coherent story about the hero who is more interesting to you.
Characteristics of the main characters of I. S. Turgenev’s story “Bezhin Meadow”
We feel that Turgenev seems to be calling us to peer and think, without stopping at the first impression. 1. Age and portrait of the boy. 2. The degree of participation and its role in the conflict. 4. Portrait. Appearance as given by the author and in the perception of other characters.
This squat and clumsy guy of twelve years old, with a huge head, tousled black hair, gray eyes, a pale and pockmarked face, was kneeling by the fire and cooking “potatoes.” And although he was unprepossessing in appearance, Ivan Petrovich immediately liked him. What a nice boy!” - this is how the hunter assessed him. Only his innate courage and strong character did not reward him with a long life.
It’s a pity, he was a nice guy!” - Turgenev finishes his story with sadness in his soul. And he kept pulling his low felt cap, from under which sharp braids of yellow hair stuck out, over his ears with both hands. Ilyusha differs from other village boys in his ability to retell scary stories in an interesting and exciting way. However, he also retells to his friends the story he heard from his father about the mermaid, about the voice from the butch, and also about the unfortunate Vasya, a boy from his village.
Pavlusha told the story of how heavenly foresight began in Shalamov. The author treats the hero well: from the very beginning he distinguishes Pavlusha from other heroes. Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev is a remarkable Russian writer of the 19th century, who already during his lifetime gained a reading vocation and world fame.
Turgenev's works poetically capture pictures of Russian nature, the beauty of genuine human feelings. The author knew how to deeply and subtly comprehend modern life, truthfully and poetically reproducing it in his works. The appearance of this story meant a new turn and expansion of the theme of the Russian peasant world. His children's representatives show his talent, beauty and at the same time the tragedy of the situation.
He belonged, by all accounts, to a wealthy family and went out into the field not out of necessity, but just for fun.” The writer sought not only to awaken in the reader a feeling of love and respect for the village children, but also made him think about their future fate.
He was very good at that moment. His ugly face, animated by fast driving, glowed with bold prowess and firm determination.” To Kostya’s question about the sounds in the boochil, Pavel gives two answers, mystical and real. It is all the more surprising that Pavel heard the voice of the drowned Vasya. True, even to this sign he has his own, adult answer: “You cannot escape your fate.” When the hunter left the hospitable shelter, everyone was asleep, only Pavel raised his head and looked.
Closer to night, he got lost and wandered into Bezhin meadow, where he meets five village boys. The hunter, listening to their conversation, identifies each boy with his own characteristics and notices their talent. The eldest of them is Fedya. He comes from a rich family, and he went out at night for fun. He also had a comb, a rare item among peasant children. The boy is slender, not hard-working, with beautiful and small features, with blond hair, “white-handed.”
Characteristics of the images of boys (“Bezhin Meadow”) - Fedya, Kostya, Pavel
He also paid attention to his talents: Pavlusha looked very smart and direct, “and there was strength in his voice.” The author paid attention to the clothes in the last place. Ten-year-old Kostya attracted the hunter's attention with the thoughtful and sad look of his black shiny eyes. Kostya's face is small and thin, and he himself is short.
He imitates adults and often says “my brothers” in his speech. The author called Kostya a coward for his fear of wolves, comparing him with Pavel. How does the hero - the narrator - feel about the guys he accidentally met in the night steppe? How will we know about this?
In this regard, the story of I.S. is absolutely unique. Turgenev “Bezhin Meadow”, studied in grades 6-7. The images of the boys - the heroes of the story - are covered in a lyrical mood of sadness and sympathy. In the story “Bezhin Meadow” Turgenev describes five heroes: Fedya, Pavlusha, Ilyusha, Kostya and Vanya. Talking in detail about the appearance and clothing features of the boys, the author shows the difference in their characters.
