Both of Adolf Hitler's parents came from the rural Waldviertel region of Austria, near the Czech border. Hitler's father, Alois, was born on June 7, 1837 to unmarried 42-year-old Maria Anna Schicklgruber. Alois's father (Adolf Hitler's grandfather) is unknown. There were rumors that he was the son of a wealthy Jew, Frankenberger, for whom Maria Anna worked as a cook. When Alois was almost five years old, a certain Johann Georg Hidler married Maria Schicklgruber. The surname Hiedler (in ancient metrics also written as Hüttler) sounded unusual for an Austrian and resembled a Slavic one. Five years later, Maria, Adolf Hitler's grandmother, died. Stepfather Johann Georg abandoned his stepson, and Alois was raised by his stepfather’s brother, Johann Nepomuk Hidler, who had no sons. At the age of 13, Alois ran away from home and first got a job as a shoemaker's apprentice in Vienna, and after 5 years - in the border guard. He quickly moved up the ranks and soon became senior customs inspector in the town of Braunau.
Alois Hitler, father of Adolf Hitler
In the spring of 1876, Nepomuk, who wanted to have a son, even if not his own, adopted Alois, giving him his last name. It is unknown for what reason she was slightly changed during adoption - from Hiedler to Hitler. Six months later, Nepomuk died, and Alois inherited his farm worth 5,000 florins. A lover of love affairs, Adolf Hitler's father already had an illegitimate daughter. Alois first married a woman 14 years older than him, but she divorced him when he had an affair with the cook Fanny Matzelsberger. In addition, Alois was attracted by the granddaughter of his adoptive father Nepomuk, sixteen-year-old Clara Pelzl, who was formally his cousin. In 1882, Fanny gave birth to a son from Alois, named after his father, and then a daughter, Angela. Alois was legally married to Fanny, but she died in 1884.
Even before this, Alois entered into a love affair with the calm, gentle Clara Pelzl. In January 1885, he married her, having received special permission from Rome, since the new wife was formally a close relative of him. In the coming years, Clara gave birth to two boys and one girl, but they all died. On April 20, 1889, Clara’s fourth child, Adolf, was born.
Clara Pelzl-Hitler - mother of Adolf Hitler
Three years after this, Alois was promoted, and Adolf Hitler's parents moved from Austria to the German city of Passau, where the young Fuhrer forever adopted the Bavarian dialect. When Adolf was almost five years old, his parents had another child - son Edmund. In the spring of 1895, Hitler's family moved to Hafeld, a village fifty kilometers southwest of Linz. The Hitlers lived in a peasant house with a field of almost two hectares and were considered wealthy people. Soon, Hitler’s parents sent him to primary school, where teachers later remembered him as “a student with a lively mind, obedient but playful.” Even at this age, Adolf showed oratorical abilities and soon became a leader among his peers. At the beginning of 1896, a daughter, Paula, was also born into the Hitler family.
The house in Braunau where Hitler's family lived and where he was born
Alois Hitler retired from customs, leaving behind the memory of a diligent employee, but a rather arrogant man who loved to be photographed in his official uniform. His tendencies as a family tyrant brought him into sharp conflict with his eldest son and namesake. At the age of 14, Alois Jr. followed his father’s example and ran away from home. Hitler's family moved again - to the town of Lambach, where they settled in a good apartment on the second floor of a spacious house. In 1898, young Adolf graduated from school with twelve “units” - the highest mark in German schools. In 1899, Hitler's father bought cozy home in Leonding, a village on the outskirts of Linz.
Adolf Hitler in 1889-1890
After the escape of Alois Jr., his father began to train Adolf. He also thought about running away from his family. Already at the age of eleven, Adolfe aspired to leadership. In a photograph from that year, he sits among his classmates, towering over his comrades, with his chin raised and his arms folded across his chest. Adolf discovered a talent for drawing. The young Fuhrer was very fond of war games and Indians, and read books about the Franco-Prussian War.
Adolf Hitler with classmates (1900)
In 1900, Adolf Hitler's brother Edmund died of measles. Adolf dreamed of becoming an artist, but in 1900 his parents sent him to the Linz real school. The big city made a strong impression on the boy. He did not study particularly well, especially in natural science subjects. Among his classmates, Adolf Hitler became a leader. “Two extremes of character merged in him, a combination of which is extremely rare in people - he was a calm fanatic,” one of his fellow students later recalled.
On January 3, 1903, the head of the Hitler family, Alois, died in a beer hall from a stroke. His widow began to receive a good pension. Family tyranny is now a thing of the past. Adolf studied worse and worse and dreamed of becoming a great artist. His older half-sister Angela married tax inspector from Linz Leo Raubal. “He lacked self-discipline, he was wayward, arrogant and quick-tempered... He reacted very painfully to advice and comments, at the same time demanding from his classmates unquestioning submission to him as a leader,” one of his Linz students recalled about the then Adolf Hitler teachers. The Hitler boy was very fond of history, especially stories about the ancient Germans. Adolf finished his last, fifth grade at a real school in Steyr, forty kilometers from Linz. He passed the final exams in mathematics and German only on the second attempt (1905). Now he could continue his studies at a higher real school or technical institute, but, having an aversion to technical sciences, he convinced his mother that this was unnecessary. At the same time, Adolf referred to a pulmonary disease that then appeared in him.
He continued to live in Linz, read a lot, painted, went to museums and the opera house. In the fall of 1905, Hitler became friends with August Kubizek, who was studying to be a musician. They became very close. Kubizek bowed to his comrade, who often spoke in his presence. Hitler told Kubizek about his sublimely romantic love for a certain Stefanie Jansten, a beauty of the “Nordic type”, to whom he never dared to confess his feelings. On this occasion, Hitler even planned to jump from the bridge into the Danube. He told Kubizek about his plans to rebuild the whole of Vienna (planning, among other things, to erect a 100-meter steel tower there). In the spring of 1906, Adolf spent a month in Vienna, and the trip there strengthened his intention to devote his life to painting and architecture.
Hitler's mother was diagnosed with breast cancer. In January 1907, she had one breast removed. In September 1907, Hitler, having received his share of the inheritance, about 700 crowns, with the consent of his mother, who constantly spoiled him, went to Vienna to enter the Academy of Arts. But he failed the exam. In October 1907, the Jewish doctor Bloch, who was treating Klara Hitler, informed Adolf that she was in very bad condition. Adolf returned home from Vienna and selflessly looked after his mother, sparing no money for her treatment. On December 21, Clara died, and her son mourned her dearly. “In all my practice,” Dr. Bloch later recalled, “I have never seen a more inconsolable person than Adolf Hitler.”
The name “Hitler” used to be associated with something negative in our country. No one even really knew when Hitler's birthday was. And it would never even have occurred to anyone to congratulate him on his next anniversary.
But there were young people who wanted to congratulate Hitler so much that they even cut their hair bald. It would seem, what joy would Hitler get from this? But such questions are asked only by those who have something to ask. The rest shave their heads so that their heads rest in the summer, are ventilated in the fall, their hats fit better in winter, and Hitler would be happy in the spring.
It is for such people that we publish the biography of Adolf Schicklgruber-Hitler. For the first time in Russian, by the way.
BRIEF BIOGRAPHICAL SUMMARY
Little Gitlya was born in territory occupied by the Germans. But this is not what made him a fascist. First, Gitli's childhood was stolen from him. It happened like this: Gitlya was forced to go to school, and after school to walk back and stop at the store on the way. But this is not what made him a fascist. Although it made me very angry.
Then Gitli's adolescence was stolen from him. One beautiful girl(not Eva Braun, but more beautiful) did not want Gitlya to tickle her with his youthful mustache. Gitli immediately developed a cockroach complex. He began to be afraid of people in hard shoes with newspapers in their hands.
To overcome this complex, Gitl joined the army. There his youth was stolen from him, along with foot wraps and a photograph of a naked woman (possibly his mother or sister).
Gitlya could no longer tolerate this and became a fascist. In addition, he added the courageous letter “ER” to his rather flimsy name and turned from the fumbling Gitli into the Fuhrer Hitler.
At that time there were few fascists in Germany, and Hitler easily stood out among them, beating the second German fascist and two anti-fascists. From that moment on, there were four fascists in Germany.
Adolf suggested wonderful fascist names to his friends: Athos, Porthos, Aramis and Hitler. Everyone wanted to be Hitler, because the other names seemed kind of frogish.
But Adolf himself was already Hitler. Then he came up with nicknames for his friends: Borman, Shmorman and Otorman. They somehow agreed to Borman, but Shmorman and Otorman were left without owners. I had to pull out the ones I had hidden for good people the names of Goebbels and Himmler.
At this point Borman was offended. If he had known that later such Zykan names as Goebbels and Himmler would be thrown out, would he have agreed to the almost Jewish Bormann? I had to take “Bormann” back and give it NZ - the sonorous name “Goering”.
Finally, all procedural issues were resolved and Hitler, Goering, Himmler and Goebbels (sounds great, right?) could go and drink beer in a Munich pub.
It was there that these four “Ges,” as those around them called them, decided to conquer the whole world. And not with the help of smiles or some “Yesterday” song, but for real: with the help of SS divisions, Panther tanks and Messerschmidt aircraft.
When the money ran out, but the desire to drink beer still remained, the friends ordered the bartender to pour them a loan. The burry bartender refused and in the program of the angry fascists a clause appeared about special camps where such bartenders would be kept and all sorts of nasty things could be done to them. There are different humiliations there... So that you can pinch the bartender on the nose or give him a slap, and if he, such a clever bastard, decides to dodge, then burn him in the stove.
The bartender was immediately informed about this program, but for some reason he did not believe it, did not sell the bar and did not leave the country. But he had such an opportunity for another fifteen years.
Nobody immediately gave the scoundrels a hat, and they became insolent: they took it and came to power. What did the people buy? They took it and promised that the people would no longer work. The people really liked it, but the question arose: who would work then? Goebbels came up with the answer on the spot, saying that others would work. And Bormann added “peoples”. Himmler clarified that they would not be conquered today or tomorrow specifically for this purpose.
And indeed, looking ahead, let’s say that the peoples of Europe were conquered surprisingly quickly. They immediately began working for the Germans and only asked not to kill them.
But with the Russians everything turned out to be more complicated. Firstly, they are very similar to the Germans - they also don’t like to work. But unlike the Germans, they like to drink vodka, not beer. Moreover, they drink as much vodka as the Germans drink water in the morning after beer.
But let's return to Hitler. In his prime, he suffered a fatal love for Eva Braun (translated: for the Primordial Brown Woman). It must be said that Eva was not a beauty, but they did not tell Hitler this. And when he realized this, it was difficult to get rid of Eve. I had to poison her. By chance, together with Eva, Hitler poisoned the dog, himself, and released water into the Berlin swastika banner named after Hitler.
For some reason, everyone decided that Hitler was so upset because he lost the war. Fascists don’t get upset over such little things. And even more so, they don’t poison themselves in vain because of this. At most: they will change their name, appearance, and go to Argentina.
No, this is a common everyday mistake when a wife is poisoned.
In general, Hitler’s life was so boring that when it ended, he only managed to say: “Halt!” that's all. There was nothing to even remember. Just one stupid animal desire for everything to continue, for everyone to have money and money. (c)
Adolf Hitler (b. 1889 - d. 1945) Head of the German fascist state, Nazi criminal.
The name of this man, who plunged the peoples of the world into the crucible of World War II, is forever associated with the most terrible, most massive crimes against humanity.
Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in the Austrian city of Braunau am Inn in the family of Alois and Clara Hitler. So little was known about his ancestors, and even about his father himself, that this caused many rumors and suspicions among Hitler’s associates, even to the point that the Fuhrer was a Jew. He himself wrote very vaguely about his ancestors in the book “Mein Kampf”, indicating only that his father worked as a customs officer. But it is known that Alois was the illegitimate child of Maria Schicklgruber, who at that time worked for the Jew Frankenburger. She then married Georg Hitler, who recognized his son as his only in 1876, when he was already approaching 40.
Adolf's father was married three times, the third time he even needed permission catholic church, because his fiancée Clara Pelzl was closely related to him. Conversations about Hitler's origins stopped only after January 1933, when he came to power. According to the latest biographers, Adolf Hitler is a product of incest, because his paternal grandfather was also his maternal great-grandfather, and his father was married to the daughter of his half-sister.
Clara Hitler gave birth to six children, but only two survived - Adolf and Paula. In addition to them, the family raised two children of Alois from his second marriage - Alois and Angela, whose daughter Geli became Adolf's great love. His sister, to whom he subsequently treated like a father, had been running his household since 1936, and there is information that she secretly helped people sentenced to death on behalf of her brother as best she could.
Believing that Adolf should become an official and take a proper position in society, his father decided to give him a good education. 1895 - the family moved to Linz, and Alois retired, then bought a farm with 4 hectares of land and an apiary near Lambach. In the same year, the future Fuhrer entered first grade primary school. There he, his mother’s favorite, had the opportunity to learn what discipline, compliance, and submission are. The boy studied well. In addition, he sang in the choir at the Benedictine monastery, in free time took singing lessons, and some of the mentors believed that in the future he could become a priest.
However, at the age of 11, Adolf told his father that he did not want to be a civil servant, but dreamed of becoming an artist, especially since he actually had great abilities for drawing. It is curious that he preferred to depict frozen views - bridges, buildings, and never people. An angry father sent him to study at a real school in Linz. There, Adolf was captivated by the ardent nationalism manifested among the Germans living in Austria-Hungary, and he and his comrades, greeting each other, began to say: “Heil!” He was greatly influenced by the lectures of his history teacher, the German nationalist Petsch.
1903 - Father died unexpectedly, and the following year Hitler was expelled from school for poor performance. Three years later, at the insistence of his mother, he tried to enter the Academy of Arts in Vienna, but failed. His work was considered mediocre. Soon the mother also died. The second attempt to enter the academy was also unsuccessful, and Adolf, confident in his talent, blamed the teachers for everything. For some time he lived in Vienna with his friend August Kubizek, then left him, wandered, and then settled in a men's hostel.
He painted small pictures with views of Vienna and sold them in cafes and taverns. During this period, Hitler began to frequently fall into hysterics. There, in taverns, he became close to the radical circles of Vienna and became an ardent anti-Semite. He did not tolerate the Czechs either, but he was convinced that Austria should join Germany. A year before World War I, Adolf, avoiding conscription into the Austrian army because he did not want to be in the same barracks with the Czechs and other Slavs, moved to Munich.
Immediately after the declaration of war, he volunteered to enlist in the German army, becoming a soldier of the 1st company of the 16th Bavarian infantry regiment. 1914, November - for participation in the battle with the British near the city of Ypres, Hitler was promoted to rank (became a corporal) and, on the recommendation of the adjutant of the regiment commander, the Jew Hugo Gutman, was awarded the Iron Cross, II degree.
With his fellow soldiers, the future Fuhrer behaved with restraint, with a sense of superiority, loved to argue, uttering loud phrases, and once, having sculpted figures from clay, he addressed them with a speech, promising to build a people's state after the victory. If the situation allowed, he constantly read Schopenhauer’s book “The World as Will and Representation.” Even then, the basis of Adolf’s life philosophy became his statements: “Right is on the side of might,” “I do not suffer from bourgeois remorse,” “I deeply believe that I was chosen by fate for the German people.” He received deep satisfaction from military operations and did not experience horror or disgust at the sight of suffering and death.
1916, September - having received a shrapnel wound in the thigh, he was sent to a Berlin hospital, but, plunging there into an atmosphere of pessimism, poverty and hunger and blaming the Jews for all this, he hurried to return to the front in December. 1918, August - on the proposal of the same Hugo Gutmann, he was awarded the Iron Cross, 1st degree, which Adolf Hitler was very proud of. In October, he received severe mustard gas poisoning during a British gas attack and was again hospitalized. There he was caught by the news of Germany's surrender, and, based on the conviction of his chosenness, he decides to become a politician.
This decision successfully coincided with the mood in the country caused by the November revolution, the shame of the Treaty of Versailles, inflation, unemployment and the people's hope for the emergence of a leader who could lead Germany out of the deadlock. Racist views developed, declaring the Ario-Germanic god-man the pinnacle of human development, occultism, esotericism and magic, the pillars of which were Helena Blavatsky, Herbiger, Gaushofer,. Herbiger's student Sobettendorf founded secret society"Thule", where Hitler became acquainted with the body of knowledge of ancient secret cults, mystical, demonic and satanic movements and received additional incentive for his already established anti-Semitism.
Also in 1918, one of Zobettendorf's students, Anton Drexler, founded a circle of workers, which quickly grew into the German Workers' Party. Adolf was also invited to it as a good speaker. Before this, he took a course in political education and worked among soldiers returning from captivity and largely infected with Marxist propaganda. Adolf Hitler's speeches focused on topics such as the "November Criminals" or the "Jewish-Marxist World Conspiracy."
Dietrich Eckert, a writer and poet, head of the newspaper Völkischer Beobachter, an ardent nationalist and one of the founders of the Thule Society, invested a lot in Adolf as a speaker and politician. Eckert worked on his speech, writing, presentation style, magic tricks to win over an audience, as well as good manners and the art of dressing well; introduced him to fashion salons.
1920, February - in the Munich beer hall "Hofbräuhaus" Adolf proclaimed the party program, which soon received a new name - the National Socialist Workers' Party of Germany (NSDAP), one of the leaders of which, despite the opposition of some veterans of the movement, he became. After that, he had guards with the faces of criminals. Every evening Adolf Hitler walked around the beer halls of Munich, speaking out against the Jews and the dictates of Versailles. His fiery, hateful speeches became popular.
In one of his speeches in the Austrian city of Salzburg, he outlined his program on the “Jewish problem”: “We must know whether our nation can eventually regain health and whether the Jewish spirit can somehow be eradicated. Do not hope that you can fight against the disease without destroying the carrier of the infection, without killing the bacilli. The infection will continue, and the poisoning will not be stopped until the carrier of the infection, that is, Jewry, is expelled once and for all.”
At this time, new people joined the party: Rudolf Hess, brothers Gregor and Otto Strasser, captain Ernst Rehm, who liaised between Hitler and the army. The party now has an emblem - a black swastika in a white circle on a red background. The red color symbolized the party's social ideals, white symbolized the nationalist ones, and the swastika symbolized the victory of the Aryan race.
Quickly, the Nazis moved from words to deeds: they took to the streets of Munich under red banners. Adolf Hitler himself scattered leaflets and put up posters. His performances at the Krohn Circus brought him great success. 1921 - Hitler seized leadership of the party, pushing aside the previous leaders, and became the Fuhrer. Under the leadership of Rem, a “gymnastic and sports division” was created, which became the striking force of the party; and soon it was renamed “assault troops” - SA.
Nationalist-minded officers, demobilized soldiers, and war veterans are attracted here. From that time on, the Nazis switched to violent actions, disrupting the speeches of Hitler's political opponents with fists and clubs. For one of these acts, Adolf even went to prison for three months. Despite the ban by the authorities, numerous marches and rallies of stormtroopers take place in Munich, and in November 1923, with the support of General Ludendorff, Hitler at the head of the SA detachments began a putsch.
But the army did not support him, the police fired at the procession, and many NSDAP leaders were arrested, including Hitler. While in prison (9 months out of 5 years by sentence), he wrote the book “Mein Kampf”, where on 400 pages he outlined his racial theory, his view of government structure, a program for the liberation of Europe from Jews. 1925 - the Fuhrer began to have friction with his associates: with Rehm, who was against coming to power through legal means, with the Strasser brothers and even with Goebbels, who advocated the complete confiscation of the property of the monarchists, but the Fuhrer received money precisely from the nobility.
Two years later, SS units were created - Hitler's Praetorian Guard, of which he became one of the leaders. At the same time, the Nazis chose Nuremberg as their capital, where thousands of stormtroopers marched, the number of which reached 100,000 people, and party congresses.
At the end of the 20s. The NSDAP's struggle for parliamentary seats both in the Reichstag and in local Landtags ended in complete failure. They are not needed - the German economy is booming. However, as a result of the global economic crisis of 1929 and the depression, unemployment and poverty began to rapidly increase in the country. In such conditions, at the next elections, the NSDAP received 107 parliamentary seats and became the second faction in the Reichstag after the Social Democrats. A little fewer places the communists had it.
Nazi deputies sat in the Reichstag in their uniforms with swastika armbands. 1931 - steel magnate Franz Thyssen introduced the Fuhrer into the circle of rich people who were disillusioned with the government and bet on the Nazis. The following year, Adolf Hitler became a German citizen and received 36.8% of the vote in the presidential election, losing to Hindenburg. However, at the same time, Hitler's associate Goering became chairman of the Reichstag.
1933 was the Fuhrer's finest hour: on January 30, Hindenburg appointed him Chancellor of the Reich. The Nazi regime began to be established in the country. The prologue to this was the arson of the Reichstag on February 27. The Communists were blamed for this (by the way, it later became known about an underground tunnel connecting Goering’s palace with the Reichstag building). The Communist Party was outlawed, and thousands of communists, including Reichstag deputies, were thrown into prison. Thousands of books that the Nazis considered Marxist, including G. Mann, Remarque, Sinclair, were publicly burned at the stake.
Then came the closure of trade unions and the arrests of their leaders. Jews and representatives of leftist forces were prohibited from attending public service. They adopted a law according to which the Fuhrer received emergency powers, and after the death of President Hindenburg in 1934, a new president was not elected: the chancellor also became the head of state. All parties were dissolved except the NSDAP, under whose control both the education of youth and the press were placed. The country's first concentration camp for political opponents of the Nazis opened in Dachau. A regime of terror was established in the country. In order not to participate in the Conference on Disarmament, the Fuhrer announced Germany's withdrawal from the League of Nations.
At this time, disagreements intensified between Rehm, who sought to strengthen his power and relied on the SA, and the Fuhrer, who was supported by the army, which demanded that Hitler take action against the stormtroopers. Remus, preparing to seize power, led his troops to combat readiness. And then Hitler made up his mind. 1934, June 30 - with the help of the Gestapo (secret police), arrests, executions and simply murders of SA leaders were carried out. Rem was arrested by Adolf Hitler himself, and he was killed in prison. In total, about 1,000 SA leaders were killed. Now the Fuhrer relied only on the SS, led by Himmler, who had distinguished himself during these events.
And then the demolition of the Versailles system begins. Universal conscription was introduced. German troops occupied the Saar region and occupied the left bank of the Rhine. Intensified rearmament of the army began. Selected units of it were sent to Spain to help General Franco. The Fuhrer created Anti-Comintern Pact, which included Japan and Italy. Germany began preparing for a war for “living space” both economically and militarily. At the same time (1938), Adolf Hitler put the army under his control, dismissed the Minister of War Field Marshal von Blomberg and the commander ground forces Fricha.
In the same year, the Germans occupied Austria without resistance and, with the consent of England and France (conference in Munich), began to dismember Czechoslovakia. At the same time, laws on citizenship and marriage were adopted, directed against Jews: they were deprived of citizenship, Germans were prohibited from marrying them, they are now subhuman. Soon the gypsies were equated with them. And then the Jewish pogroms began. They smashed synagogues and shops and beat people. And then the deportation of Jews from the Reich began. Was the Fuhrer an anti-Semite? Undoubtedly, but by no means the first. All this happened before. Only the scale of anti-Semitism, elevated to the rank of state policy in Germany, many times exceeded everything that had happened before.
1939, September 1 - by attacking Poland, the Fuhrer unleashed the Second world war. By 1943, almost all of Europe lay at his feet: from the Volga to the Atlantic. With the beginning of the war, at the instigation of R. Heydrich, the “final solution to the Jewish question” began. There was talk of the extermination of 11 million people. It is curious that the Fuhrer refrained from giving a written order about this. But on his orders, the crippled, terminally ill and mentally handicapped were destroyed. All this was done to preserve the purity of the Aryan race.
Since 1943, the decline began, Hitler began to be haunted by only failures. And then a group of conspirators decided to put an end to him. This was not the first. Back on November 8, 1939, when he performed at the Munich beer hall "Bürgerbraukeller", an explosion killed eight people and injured 63. But Hitler survived because he left the pub an hour earlier. There is a version that the assassination attempt was organized by Himmler, who hoped to blame the British for this. Now, in 1944, the top of the army took part in the conspiracy.
On July 20, during a meeting at Hitler's Wolf's Lair headquarters, a bomb exploded, planted by Lieutenant Colonel Stauffenberg. Four people were killed and many were injured. Hitler was protected by a lid oak table, and he escaped with shell shock. A brutal reprisal followed. Some of the conspirators were mercifully given the opportunity to commit suicide, some were executed outright, and eight people were hanged from piano wires on meat hooks.
At this time, the Fuhrer's health deteriorated sharply: nervous tics, trembling of his left arm and leg, stomach cramps, dizziness; bouts of frenzied rage were replaced by depression. He lay in bed for hours, quarreled with generals, and was betrayed by his comrades. And Soviet troops were already near Berlin. Meanwhile, on April 29, 1945, the marriage of Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun took place.
Little is known about Hitler's relationships with women in his youth. During the First World War in 1916–1917. he had intimate relationship with the Frenchwoman Charlotte Lobjoie, who gave birth to an illegitimate son in 1918. In the 1920s in Munich, Adolf was considered a “Don Juan.” Among his fans were the wife of a piano manufacturer, Elena Bechstein, and the wife of a publisher, Elsa Bruckman, and Princess Stephanie von Hohenlohe, and Martha Dodd, the daughter of the American ambassador. But his great love became his niece, whom he moved to Munich in 1928. Geli was 19 years younger than him. He spent money on her from the party treasury and was jealous of everyone.
By the way, in the future, Hitler did not make much of a difference between personal money and state money, whether collecting an art collection for his summer residence in Bavaria or reconstructing the palace in Poland, where he was going to move. (By 1945, about 20 million marks from the state budget were spent on reconstruction.) After Geli’s suicide in 1928, Adolf experienced a deep shock and even wanted to shoot himself. He became depressed, withdrew into himself, tormented himself with reproaches and stopped eating meat and animal fats; forbade everyone from entering her room and ordered her bust from the sculptor Thorak, which was eventually exhibited in the Reich Chancellery.
True, he himself expressed the Fuhrer’s attitude towards women, believing that great man can afford to “keep a girl” to satisfy her physical needs and treat her at his own discretion. He met Eva Braun in 1929 in the studio of his personal photographer Hoffman. Since 1932, she became his mistress, being 23 years younger. Eva was jealous: in 1935, out of jealousy, she even tried to commit suicide. And then Hitler “officially” confessed his love to her. But the wedding took place only ten years later, and family life theirs lasted less than a day.
On April 30, the couple committed suicide: according to one version, Eva took poison and the Fuhrer shot himself. Their corpses were taken out into the garden and set on fire. Before bequeathed his entire personal fortune to his sister Paula. In his political testament, he transferred power to the new government led by Goebbels and again blamed the Jews for everything: “Centuries will pass, and from the ruins of our cities and art monuments, hatred will be revived again and again against the people who are ultimately responsible for this, to the one to whom we owe everything, to international Jewry and its collaborators.”
Forensic examination of the remains of "presumably Hitler's corpse" carried out by representatives Soviet Union on the jaw, was soon called into question. Stalin even stated at the Potsdam Conference that no corpse had been found and that the Fuhrer was taking refuge in Spain or South America. All this gave rise to a lot of rumors. Therefore, publications sounded sensational that until 1982, the remains of Adolf Hitler were kept in Moscow, and then, on the orders of Yu. Andropov, they were destroyed, only the skull was preserved. To this day, many strange and unreliable things remain in the history of death.
The name of Adolf Hitler has been of concern to professional historians, those simply interested, fans of political battles and debates, as well as many others, for several decades now. Perhaps it is not an exaggeration to say that this topic has already gone beyond just curious information. Like Adolf Hitler himself, the real name of this man has long been the subject of speculation by a variety of forces. Some are trying to find him Jewish roots, building after this theories about secret cooperation, about a well-thought-out initial conspiracy. For others, Hitler's real name is a reason to denigrate the entire family of the future Fuhrer for several generations, search for physical and mental abnormalities in relatives, or simply dig through dirty laundry. At the same time, researchers have put an end to this issue quite a long time ago. Hitler's real name is already known, and if you look at it, there is no significant reason for discussion. All existing disputes are largely far-fetched. Let's try to figure it out.
What is it Hitler's real name?
The future leader of the Nazi Party was born on April 20, 1889. His father, Alois Hitler, was first a shoemaker and later a civil servant. By the way, the father’s attempt to force his son to also become a government clerk not least instilled in the latter a dislike for all kinds of conventions and strict service in general. In this regard, it is interesting that Alois lived with the surname Schicklgruber until 1876.
Hence the widespread belief that this is Hitler’s real name. However, this is not true. The fact is that the father of the future Fuhrer was an illegitimate child and, until the age of 39, was forced to bear his mother’s surname, since she was not married at that time, and the father was not legally established. Five years after Alois was born, his mother Maria Anna Schicklgruber marries poor miller Johann Hitler. Biographers of the Fuhrer believe that his probable grandfather was one of the Hitler brothers.
In 1876, witnesses confirmed that Alois's real father was Johann Hitler, which enabled the man to change his mother's surname to his father's surname.
As for Adolf, this change took place thirteen years before his birth, so he was not a Schicklgruber a single day in his life. But such a misconception is very widespread; moreover, it even crept into some quite serious sources at one time. There were indeed families in his family with such a surname, but it has completely German roots. So calling Hitler Schicklgruber is as legitimate as giving him any other surname that his distant and close relatives once bore. As far as biographers have been able to trace, Adolf Hitler's ancestors were peasants on both his paternal and maternal line. Another interesting incident with the surname “Hitler” is that for many centuries it was written down by ear by priests. For this reason, they even had slightly different spellings in the documents, and as a result, slightly different soundings of their own surnames: Gidler, Hitler, Gudler, and so on.
Often in disputes, articles and even books, the surname Schicklgruber is mentioned as Hitler's surname. But this is not entirely true.
By official version Adolf Hitler's father, AlOis (or AloIs), first bore his mother's surname - Schicklgruber, being illegitimate. Nobody questions this fact, but further development events have several versions. According to the official version, Alois' mother Anna-Marie married miller's assistant Georg Hiedler, Alois's real father, when the boy was already 5 years old, but he continued to bear his mother's surname, although Georg did not deny his paternity. According to rumors circulating at that time, Adolf Hitler’s grandmother was a somewhat frivolous girl, and even before the birth of her son, she also went out with Georg’s brother, 15 years younger than him, Nepuk.
Only in 1876, when Alois’s father Georg was already 84 years old and he himself was 39, he changed his mother’s surname to “Hitler”. In fact, as historian Wolfgang Cedral states in his book “The Hitlers,” Alois’s father died 19 years earlier, but since during his lifetime he did not renounce paternity and there were eyewitnesses to this, it was notarized with the help of 3 witnesses . younger brother Alois' father, his uncle Nepomuk, inherited his brother's fortune and wanted to allocate a share to his illegitimate son, but made it an indispensable condition for the official recognition of paternity that Alois change his surname to "Hitler". Then I remembered the version that Alois’s father could also be Georg’s brother, and that this is why he insisted on Alois taking the name Hitler. In short, each of the Hitler brothers (Hiedler) could be the father of Alois, and the grandfather of Adolf (DNA testing did not yet exist). The surname “Hidler” was mistakenly distorted when recording, and thus the surname “Hitler” was born, which in Russian pronunciation became fixed as “Hitler”.
In the 60s of the twentieth century, a third version of the origin of Adolf Hitler's father appeared, supported by some authors. It was based on the memoirs of Hans Frank, who was Governor-General of occupied Poland from 1939-1945. He presented a version of the Jewish origin of Alois Hitler: supposedly his real father was the Jewish merchant Frankenberger from Graz, for whom Alois’ mother allegedly worked as a servant. Thus, it turned out that Adolf had a quarter of Jewish blood. I was just studying at the institute in the 60s, and this version was vigorously discussed among students and teachers. Opinions were expressed, which even later received some reflection in fiction, that Hitler’s grandfather allegedly married a Jewish woman because of her wealth, but her father made it an indispensable condition that the groom take his wife’s Jewish surname as revenge on his son-in-law for his desire to join the wealth . This circumstance, they say, partly explains Adolf Hitler’s hatred of Jews. This version was studied and later refuted by Werner Maser: there was not one in Graz in the second half of the 19th century Jewish family surname Frankenberger, and Alois's mother did not visit or work in this city at the relevant time. In addition, it remains unclear what the surname Frankenberger has to do with Schicklgruber. Obviously, as the historian Brigitte Hammann believes, with his version Frank, an ardent anti-Semite, wanted to attribute to the Jews the crimes of the Hitler regime too.
Alois first married Anna Glasl-Hörer, the daughter of a high-ranking customs official, who was 14 years older than him. This marriage allowed him to begin a career in customs, but they had no children, Alois left her, and she soon died. In his second marriage to Franziska Matzelsberger, who was 24 years younger than him, and with whom he already had an illegitimate son by that time, another daughter was born, but Franziska died in 1884 from tuberculosis. Alois married a year later for the third time to Clara Pölzl, his second cousin, who became the mother of the future Fuhrer.
Due to their close relationship, their relationship, which began long ago, even before Alois’s second marriage (she had worked as a servant in his family since the age of 15 during his first marriage), could not be officially formalized without the permission of the bishop in Linz. He sought advice in Rome, received consent, and then their marriage became legal. There they had six children, four of whom died in early age, only two survived - Adolf, born in 1889, and his sister Paula, born in 1896.
Adolf's father, Alois, died in 1903, aged 65. In 2012, at the request of one of his descendants, the grave of Adolf’s parents in the suburbs of Linz was liquidated and given over to other burials, under the pretext that it served as a place of pilgrimage for right-wing extremist circles.
Thus, Adolf Hitler was born 13 years after his father changed his surname, and from birth bore his real name. This is the origin story of the name Hitler, which belonged to one of the most terrible fiends of hell, Amalek of the twentieth century. Now German director Niki Stein is filming for German television eight-episode biographical feature film about Hitler (with a budget of 15 million euros), and his life between 1914-1945, in which he wants to answer the main question for himself: “How and why did this burning hatred of the Jews develop in Hitler?” I think this series will arouse interest and fierce debate, we’ll see.
Having spent the happy years of preschool childhood in Austria and Germany, all my life dealing, among other things, with German language, studying the history and culture of these countries, having visited them twice after many years, loving all this and appreciating the contribution of these countries to world civilization for centuries, I always wondered this question: “How could this happen to them, who and what turned them into monsters , where did the person go in them? And burdened with the burden of years, knowledge and feelings, I have to admit - I don’t know, I couldn’t comprehend. That’s why I continue to dig, itching, and personally - my grandfather’s parents disappeared in Kovno.
(By the way, in the TSB, Adolf’s original surname is mistakenly indicated as Schicklgruber, so I in this case German sources were used.)
