CHILDREN SHOULD KNOW:
Names of different professions.
Purpose of different professions.
CHILDREN SHOULD KNOW NOUNS: doctor, builder, teacher, fireman, photographer, cook, hairdresser, policeman, tailor, shoemaker, baker, writer, pilot, driver, librarian, salesman, gardener, carpenter, painter, bricklayer, electrician, crane operator, excavator operator , welder, glazier, craftsman, architect, tractor driver, combine operator, milkmaid, poultry worker, pediatrician, dentist, ophthalmologist, surgeon, neurologist, nurse.
ADJECTIVES: kind, attentive, caring, responsible, professional, skillful, knowledgeable, conscientious, disciplined;
VERBS: treats, teaches, educates, stews, photographs, cooks, cooks, cuts, lays, looks after, sews, mends, cuts, bakes, writes, composes, flies, drives, carries, gives out, receives, sells, counts, cares, grows, lays, installs, lifts, manages, paints, digs, plans, glass, welds, sows, plants, digs.
ONE IS MANY.
Teacher - teachers - teachers.
Doctor - doctors - doctors.
Seller - sellers - sellers.
Baker - bakers - bakers.
Photographer - photographers - photographers.
Tailor - tailors - tailors.
Milkmaid - milkmaids - milkmaids.
Postman - postmen - postmen.
NAME BY MODEL (children over 6 years old):
He is an artist and she is an artist.
He is a teacher and she is... .
He is a writer, and she is... .
He is a conductor, and she is... .
He is a singer and she is... .
He is a translator, and she is... .
WHO'S DOING WHAT?
Teacher - teaches reading, writing, counting.
A fireman puts out a fire.
Builder - builds and repairs houses.
Painter-plasterer - paints, whitewashes, plasters.
Photographer - takes photographs.
Cook - ... .
Tailor - ... .
Hairdresser - ... .
Librarian -...
Doctor - ... .
Writer - ... .
Driver - ... .
Tractor driver - ... .
Milkmaid - ... .
Poultry - ... .
WHO NEEDS WHAT FOR WORK?
Hairdresser - scissors, comb, hair dryer, curlers.
To the doctor - medicine, a white coat, a thermometer.
To the artist - ... .
To the teacher -... .
To the tailor - ... .
Painter - ... .
Rybolov - ... .
To the seller - ... .
To the gardener - ... .
Carpenter - ... .
Milkmaid - ... .
To the tractor driver - ... .
GUESS THE PROFESSION (children over 6 years old).
Who carries the luggage? (Porter.)
Who welds the pipes? (Welder.)
Who installs the glass? (Glazier.)
Who works on the crane? (Crane operator.)
Who lays the bricks? (Mason.)
Who sharpens knives? (Grinder.)
Who repairs the clock? (Watchmaker.)
Who works on an excavator? (Excavator operator.)
Who paints the walls? (Painter.)
Who takes care of the birds? (Birdwoman).
Who composes the music? (Composer.)
Who plays the piano? (Pianist.)
CONFUSION.
A painter sews clothes.
The driver controls the plane.
The hairdresser knits a sweater.
The librarian delivers mail.
The photographer composes music.
A tractor driver sews clothes.
DESCRIBE YOUR PROFESSION ACCORDING TO YOUR PLAN:
Name of profession.
What tools are needed to work in this profession.
What does a person in this profession do?
NAME (children over 6 years old):
Children's doctor - ... (pediatrician).
Dentist - ... (dentist).
Eye doctor - ... (ophthalmologist).
The doctor who performs the operation is ... (surgeon).
The doctor who treats nerves is ... (neurologist).
Physician assistant - ... (nurse).
Medical clothing - ... (cap, headscarf, gown, gloves).
Medical instruments - ... (syringe, spatula, pipette, thermometer, hammer, tweezers).
What is a profession? (Business, work, occupation.)
Name your parents' professions.
What are professions for?
What do you want to be when you grow up?
Why do you need to study professions? Where are they taught?
We get up very early, because our concern is
Drive everyone to work in the morning. (Driver.)
Will guide the glass eye,
Click once - and we remember you. (Photographer.)
We must fight fire -
We are partners with water.
They won't be afraid with us
Carbon gases are bad for you.
People really need us,
So who are we? - ... (Firefighters).
Tell me who is so delicious
Prepares cabbage soup,
Smelling cutlets, salads, vinaigrettes,
All breakfasts, lunches? (Cook.)
SAY A WORD.
In the carpenter's bag you will find a hammer and a sharp... (knife).
Any tool is available - a plane, and... (a chisel).
We must fight fire.
We are brave workers.
We are partners with water.
People really need us.
So who are we? - ... (firemen).
I would be a pilot pilot
I definitely wanted to become
I was on a plane then
I would have reached Moscow... (Flew).
The hasty thread runs after the needle
I can do anything for myself... (sew).
It's not hard for me to mend a sock myself
Fix the pocket, sew it down... (belt).
There are probably a thousand pounds in it!
Heavy... (threshing).
I'm not bragging, I'll say:
I will make all my friends younger!
Despondent people come to me -
With wrinkles, with folds.
They are leaving very nice -
Fun and smooth.
So I'm a reliable friend
Electric... (iron).
In a world of diverse words,
What shines, burns and burns
Gold, steel. Diamond
There is no more sacred word... (labor).
The pilot lifts into the blue sky... (plane).
He drove the goats out onto the mound, cheerful... (shepherd boy).
Plane in hand - another job:
Knots, squiggles with a plane... (planing).
But our painter does not come into the house with a brush and a bucket:
Instead of a brush, he brought a mechanical... (pump).
So that people don't get wet in the rain
The roofer covers... (the house) with iron.
A crane is moving - a huge height
Delivers iron... (sheets) to the roof.
White sawdust is flying, flying from under the saw:
This carpenter makes frames and... (floors).
Should we buy bread or give us a gift -
You and I take the bag and go outside.
We walk along the shop windows and go into... (shop).
Well, in this store there is a pretzel, buns on the display,
Medicinal bread with bran. The store is called... (bread store).
Every day a newspaper is brought to our house... (the postman).
Seven brave young mowers were sharpening their scythes and cutting the grass... (mowed).
The roof is being painted in front of the children... (painters).
We are taking the boards up the mountain, we will build a new one... (house)
I fly dolls in the morning. Today I... (nurse).
It's time to paint the rooms. They invited... (painter). Baruzdin S.
The circus performer knows how to prance, animals and birds... (train).
Ir-ir-ir-my dad... (commander).
The future cabin boy brought us some southern fish... (sailor).
She didn’t drink or sleep, she gnawed on a tree... (saw).
The sharp-nosed one sews, stitches and pricks... (needle).
The number of professions appearing and disappearing simultaneously is very large. Most of us don’t know now who a joker is, but the term “copywriter” is familiar to almost everyone. In order to understand the functionality of each profession, people use special literature. And in order to understand which area this or that position belongs to, you need to read our material.
Division of professions
In the global community of linguists, it is customary to divide professions according to various criteria, grouping them together into small clusters. Such groupings help to highlight similar activities and generalize them.
All professions are divided according to various criteria.
Based on the type of work, there are classes of professions: gnostic, transformative, and exploratory:
- Transformative. Such professions are associated with changes in various properties or states of the subject of labor. In this case, knowledge is not an end in itself. Prominent representatives of this group will be people who work as cooks, bakers, and builders. Here the change in the properties of the original material is clearly visible. A baker bakes baked goods from raw ingredients, cooks change the properties of raw vegetables and fruits by boiling them in boiling water, builders mix dry cement and leave it to harden. For example, the profession of a driver is not suitable - there is no clear change in properties.
- Gnostic professions (from the ancient Greek word "gnosis", meaning knowledge). These are professions that are associated exclusively with the cognitive sector. At the same time, they fit organically into material production. There are many such professions, and they are very diverse. Recognition, recognition, control, classification, checking by known characteristics, sorting, research and evaluation are considered as the final product. Representatives include a laboratory assistant and an art critic. The medical examiner is also a profession of the Gnostic type.
- Exquisite. In this case, the main focus becomes the search for something, an activity that will help invent something new, come up with a solution. Representatives are people whose work involves inventing new things and transforming old things. These are educators and teachers, programmers, mathematicians, engineers, pattern cutters.
Division by means of labor
Based on the means of labor, professions are divided into:
- Using mechanized tools. These are professions that involve operating machines or mechanisms in their activities. Such machines are created using manual control to transform something, move it. Classic representatives of this profession would be a turner or a machine driver who, using control, moves loads or shapes a workpiece.
- Using hand tools that are necessary to perform the labor function itself. Representatives are mechanics, cartographers, artists, and laboratory assistants.
- Using automated tools. Such professions involve operating machines and various devices. Workers - operators of incubation units, sound recording operators.
- Functional means of the human body. These are professions in which the main activity is thinking and reference. For example, a conductor or an acrobat.
Division by working conditions
According to working conditions, professions are divided by type of work:
- In the open air - agronomists, tractor drivers, installers. The work involves sudden temperature changes.
- Household type - accountant, programmer. This is office or laboratory work.
- Unusual - underwater, at high altitudes, in extreme heat. Representatives - divers, miners.
- With an increased level of moral responsibility - such employees are responsible for human health, his life, and material values. These are teachers, judges, sellers.
Classification of professions
All over the world it is customary to divide existing professions into certain classes. In Russia, the table compiled by E. A. Klimov is popular.
According to his classification, there are 5 main types:
- Man is technology. These are people who interact with inanimate objects, most often technical ones. For example, an electrician, a repairman, a turner.
- Man is nature. They deal with animals, forests, microorganisms. This is a veterinarian, an agronomist, a master fruit and vegetable grower, and a specialist livestock breeder.
- A person is a person. The subject of research, service, transformation are communities, social strata, groups, people of different ages. Representatives are doctors, teachers, salespeople, engineers-teachers, and tour guides.
- Man is an artistic image. A representative of this profession sees the world as creative and tries to highlight the beautiful. The environment excites him only from the point of view of the possibility of adding beauty, touching form or emotion. Prominent representatives are artists, restorers, tuners, ballet and drama dancers, composers, decorators.
Gnostic specialties
Gnostic professions are professions that do not produce new products or goods as a result of their activities. This is an evaluative area. The Gnostic class of professions is often associated with cultural activities and science.
Specialists of Gnostic professions do not participate in the creation of new things. Most often, they evaluate existing, previously produced products or individual parameters.
Prominent representatives: commodity expert, art critic, criminologist, radiologist.
Examples of professions
Each profession combines various characteristics belonging to classes, types and types of different directions.
Transformative Specialties | Survey professions | Gnostic professions |
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Seed breeder, trainer, breeder | Gardener, milkmaid, veterinarian | Sorter for fish, vegetables, fruits, milk receiver, egg sorter |
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Foundry worker, watchmaker, car mechanic | Crane operator, tractor driver, driver | Pilot-observer, hydroacousticist, laboratory assistant for mechanical tests |
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Plastic surgeon, psychiatrist, psychologist | Massage therapist, salesperson, therapist | Watchman, sanitary doctor, watchman, investigator, journalist |
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Translator, cutter, cryptographer | Programmer, linguist, mathematician | Drawing controller, accountant-auditor, proofreader, standard setter |
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Florist, artist, writer | Porcelain painter, fashion designer, sculptor | Critic, music inspector, antiquarian |
The Gnostic class is called upon to:
- explore, distinguish, recognize, determine, verify;
- evaluate, understand difficult and complex phenomena, draw conclusions based on various characteristics of the object);
- check according to previously familiar characteristics, sort, and so on.
Gnostic professions, the list of which is very long - controller of technical control (technique), proofreader (this is a sign system), critic (this is an artistic image), expert of buildings and structures (this is architecture), sanitary doctor (sphere - person), analysis laboratory assistant (this is nature) etc. - may overlap with other professions and types.
Where is the Gnostic type found?
Gnostic professions, the list of which can be continued endlessly, can be found anywhere. In the clinic and in the field, on a construction site, and in a factory, in the sales area of a supermarket or store. Gnostic professions can relate to any of five common types of professions: inspector-receiver of manufactured products, critic, proofreader, sanitary doctor.
Transformative professions
The largest class of professions is considered to be one whose goals are actively associated with changes in the properties of objects of labor. That is why this class is called transformative. For such professions, psychologists, when drawing up a career guidance map, use the abbreviation “Pr” - based on the first letters of the keyword. This class is the broadest, because often cognitive activity is not the main one, but only comes ahead of the transformative one and is a by-product.
Transformative activity should be understood as any action as a result of which the object of labor will change its properties, position in space, and also, on the contrary, will actively preserve its original properties. The class of these professions is widespread in various fields: teacher, carpenter, draftsman, field farmer, restorer.
Survey work
Gnostic professions, examples of which are discussed above, are very different from research professions. In the research class, only the goal of the work comes to the fore, which implies the invention of something, where you need to come up with or determine a new solution to the problem. In classifications, it is customary to designate this class with the letter “I”. These are professions of practical application. They are often confused with Gnostic ones, associated with special research. Gnostic professions, the purpose of which is to recognize and classify, in this context are very different from the exploration professions. The work of a geologist, for example, often causes debate among specialists about where to classify it.
Distinctive Features of Gnostic Professions
Gnostic professions, examples of which were given earlier, are characterized by certain features that help to isolate them from the general mass. In this class, any of the specialists does not independently participate in the production of new products, but only evaluates individual existing ones. These products are always made by others and cannot occur on their own.
Also, representatives of Gnostic professions can evaluate individual parameters of a product. A distinctive feature that unites all specialists is a high interest in the properties, characteristics of certain objects or products, as well as their comparison.
Variety of Gnostic specialties
Gnostic professions are so diverse that among all of them there is a separate independent group, united by leading actions that are used to achieve goals of a Gnostic nature. These include: classification - sorting, checking according to qualities known in advance, research - delving into more complex connections of hidden, not immediately visible and obvious processes or phenomena.
Requirements for employees
Specialties of this class impose certain personal and professional requirements on the employee. The main thing that distinguishes the Gnostic professions is the purpose of the work. Examples of requirements for an employee: very pronounced cognitive activity, high observation, stability of attention, high-level performance, tirelessness and endurance of the necessary senses. Quality control of products or evaluation of objects often affects the interests of other people. For an impartial and high-quality study, a firm position and adherence to principles in the conclusions drawn are important.
Examples
Examples of professions of a Gnostic nature are found at every step. Let's say a cutter who works in a tailor shop. Each time, starting individual tailoring, he must change his activities, focusing on the client’s figure, the texture of the fabric, and the style of the model.
In fact, he solves non-standard and creative problems throughout the working day. The class of such professions - prospecting - is extremely small.
Intersection of classes and goals
Very rarely are professions clearly identified in which one type or class predominates. There cannot be only Gnostic professions, only exploratory ones, or only transformative ones. Most often, in the work that a person is engaged in, there are several goals: to recognize, to invent, and to transform. In many specialties, the goal of work contains two elements, or even each of them. In order to determine whether professions are Gnostic or exploratory, and to classify them into a certain class, it will be necessary to first determine which of the elements of goals constitutes the main, main content of all activity, and which element is of secondary importance.
For example, a doctor, in order to treat a person, must first find out and make a diagnosis. At the beginning of his work there will certainly be an element of exploratory activity and recognition, but the main content and meaning of all medical specialties is aimed at healing and healing the patient, and therefore at his transformation.
Summary of the pre-professional training lesson
Classifications of professions. Signs of the profession.
Smirnova Elena Mikhailovna, Deputy Director for HR,
pre-vocational teacher, primary school teacher
You've probably noticed how quickly and accurately the librarian finds the book the reader needs. The easiest way to find it is if you know the author and title - the alphabetical catalog will help with this. But it happens that a reader is looking for literature on a topic that interests him, without knowing either the author or the title. Then a thematic catalogue, through which you can find the books you need, comes to the aid of the librarian. Classification helps you find a book - rules for placing books on shelves. In biology lessons you study the classification of the natural world, in chemistry lessons the classification of chemical elements. In the broadest sense of the word, classification is a meaningful order of things.
The classification of professions is based on its own laws. There are about forty thousand professions in the world, and every year dozens of old ones disappear and hundreds of new ones arise. Some professions flirtatiously change their names, pretending to be modern. You won’t immediately understand that the bartender is a bartender, and the manager is a manager. Classifying professions alphabetically will help you navigate them if you know the names of all forty thousand professions. How many professions do you know?
All students take turns naming professions. Anyone who cannot remember a profession within three seconds or repeats one that has already been named is eliminated from the game. If the guys name not a profession, but a position (boss, director, president), such answers are not accepted, as well as the words “oligarch”, “authority”, etc. The game continues until there is only one winner left.
Different countries have classifications that unite professions according to various criteria: place of work, degree of independence, speed of promotion, etc. Professions can be divided into industries. For example, the clothing industry. There are all sorts of professions there - fashion designers, equipment adjusters, mechanics, artists, seamstresses and motorists of various specialties, economists, and accountants. But is it possible to adapt an industry to your interests and inclinations? You can only try on a profession. That is why it is important to know the classification of professions based on essential features (E.A. Klimov. How to choose a profession).
It is interesting that back in the 18th century, the famous historian and statesman V.N. Tatishchev proposed his classification of types of professional activities:
· useful sciences (agriculture, physics, biology, mathematics);
· dandy or entertaining sciences (literature and art);
· vain sciences (alchemy, astrology);
· necessary sciences (education, healthcare, economics, law);
· sabotage sciences (witchcraft).
In our country, the four-level classification of professions E.A. is most often used. Klimov, according to which all professions can be divided into five subjects, three goals, four means and four working conditions.
According to Klimov, five large groups of professions can be distinguished depending on the subject of work - “technology”, “man”, “nature”, “sign”, “artistic image”. This is the first level of classification.
1. TECHNIQUE (T). This group includes professions related to the production, maintenance and design of any equipment, from space rockets and computers to the anvil and hammer of a blacksmith. Engineer, designer, pilot, machinist, driver, electrician, builder, car mechanic, plumber, miner, engine tester - just to name a few. The peculiarity of technical objects is that they can be accurately measured and calculated, therefore professions in this group require a person to have a combination of a practical mindset and creative abilities, accuracy, and good health.
· What type of thinking is typical for technology professionals?
2. MAN (H). Doctor, nurse, teacher, educator, waiter, lawyer, salesman, hairdresser, tour guide - all these professions belong to the same group, because they have one subject of labor - a person. These professions have special social significance. They require patience and exactingness from a person, the ability to take responsibility and control their emotions. The main content of work in these professions is effective interaction between people. Some qualities contribute to successful work, while others complicate it. If you have an increased need for communication, contacts with people will delight you; if you have a low need, they will tire you. An increased level of aggression is unacceptable for specialists in this field. By the way, the ability to communicate productively is necessary for each of us.
· What temperament is conducive to communicating with other people?
3. NATURE (P). This group includes all professions related to living and inanimate nature. Research, study and use of natural resources, caring for animals and plants, their treatment are possible activities. Professions of this group: agronomist, breeder, livestock specialist, veterinarian, dog handler, plant breeder, geologist, game warden, ecologist, land reclamation specialist. People of these professions are united by a love of nature. But this love is active, not contemplative. Playing with pets and admiring flowers is one thing. And it’s quite another thing to regularly, day after day, look after them, observe, treat, walk them, regardless of personal time and plans. To be successful in this activity, you need to be strong and resilient, caring and patient, not afraid of difficulties and not expecting quick results.
· What type of thinking is typical for successful specialists in this field?
4. SIGN (3). This group includes all professions associated with the use of oral and written speech, working with documents and numbers. These are the professions of economist, accountant, linguist, mathematician, programmer, and notary. The subject of labor for these professions is the “sign system”, that is, all information that can be presented in the form of texts, formulas, signs, codes, graphs, diagrams and drawings. Much, if not everything, depends on the reliability and timeliness of information in our lives. Therefore, it is important for a specialist who works with signs to be able, on the one hand, to abstract from the real physical, chemical, mechanical properties of objects, and on the other, to imagine and understand the characteristics of real phenomena and objects behind the signs. Professions in this group place special demands on a person’s thinking, memory and attention.
· What type of thinking is typical for a specialist in the field of sign information?
5. ARTISTIC IMAGE (X). This group includes professions related to visual, musical, literary and artistic, acting and stage activities. Creating works of art is a special process. Contemporaries are not always able to appreciate a brilliant artist, poet or composer living nearby, because talent tends to outstrip its time. Therefore, fame and recognition often come to creators only after death. But a person engaged in creativity experiences incomparable joy. To master creative professions, desire alone is not enough—creative abilities, talent, and hard work are required.
· What type of temperament is most often found in people of art?
Many professions are difficult to classify as one subject of labor. For example, a good secretary must not only be a specialist in the field of sign information (working with documents), but also be able to use a computer and office equipment, and communicate effectively with people. A good teacher, in addition to professional knowledge and communication skills, must have artistry.
As the teacher explains, the children, independently or at the blackboard, fill out all four floors of the pyramid, writing down the abbreviated names of objects of labor on the first level, the goals of labor on the second, the means of labor on the third, and working conditions on the fourth level, emphasizing the preferred ones for each during the explanation. objects, goals, means and working conditions.
When choosing a profession, first of all, they keep in mind the subject of work. Thus, the concept of “object of labor” is the basis for further classification, the foundation of the pyramid invented by Professor E.A. Klimov.
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SUBJECT OF WORK (SCHPZH) |
Regardless of the subject of work, all professions are classified according to three goals of work: gnostic, transformative, exploratory. This is the second level.
1. Gnostic professions (G)
Gnostic, or cognitive, goals of work can be varied: sort, compare, check, evaluate. Gnostic professions can be found among any of five types of professions: “Nature” - laboratory biologist, exterior specialist; “Technology” - radio equipment controller, tester; “Man” - forensic expert, sociologist; “Sign” - proofreader, auditor; “Artistic image” - art critic, theater critic. These professions place certain demands on the worker: cognitive activity, observation, stability of attention, memory, thinking, and responsibility are necessary.
2. Transformative professions (P)
Transformative human activity can be aimed at objects, energy, information, processes. In some cases, the results can be seen immediately - a builder, a blacksmith, an artist, in others - the results wait months and years (breeder, educator). The predominance of practical or mental activity of a specialist depends on the subject and content of his work: “Nature” - livestock breeder, plant breeder, livestock specialist; “Technology” - mechanic, machine operator; “Man” - teacher, coach; “Znak” – layout designer, accountant; “Artistic image” - graphic designer, fashion designer.
3. Survey professions (I)
The purpose of the work of professions of this class is to search for something new, unknown. “Nature” - fishery inspector, game warden, research biologist; "Technology" - design engineer; “Man” - supply agent, production organizer; “sign” - programmer, mathematician; “Artistic image” - composer, designer. Many professions combine characteristics of different classes.
The goals of labor make up the second floor of Klimov’s pyramid.
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JOB GOALS (GPI) |
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SUBJECT OF WORK (SCHZH) |
At the next level, professions are classified by tools, or means of labor. The means of labor can be real and functional.
Material tools of labor are a carpenter's hammer and ax, a surgeon's scalpel, a musician's violin, a teacher's pointer, a programmer's computer. Material means of labor are manual (R)- scalpel, screwdriver, cutter, brush; mechanical (M)- sewing machine, car, crane; automatic (A)— automatic and semi-automatic lines, robotic systems.
Functional tools (F) invisible. This is the eye of a carpenter, the tactile sensations of a surgeon, the inspiration of a musician, the knowledge of a teacher and programmer.
The means of labor constitute the third level of our pyramid.
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EQUIPMENT OF WORK (RMAF) |
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JOB GOALS (GPI) |
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SUBJECT OF WORK (SCHZH) |
Each profession requires working in certain conditions: in the office and under water, underground and in space, in hot shops, outdoors at any time of the year.
The diver examines water areas, the underwater part of structures and ships, finds and repairs damage in ship hulls and hydraulic structures, lays cable lines and pipelines under water, lifts sunken ships, cuts and welds metal structures under water; conducts research.
Underground navigators - surveyors - using special instruments, make measurements and calculations, draw up underground maps, working both underground, on the ground, and at a desk. They work with pinpoint precision, because a deviation of even five centimeters when tunneling in the opposite direction is unacceptable.
Civil aviation pilots do more than just transport cargo and passengers. They are updating maps of the area and putting out forest fires. Rolls, climb angles, speeds, directions, the state of on-board systems - all this is in the pilot’s field of vision.
A doctor, educator, teacher are responsible for the life, health, and full education of people. Their work, like the work of a pilot, is associated with increased moral and material responsibility.
There are four groups of working conditions:
B- ordinary, everyday microclimate (laboratory assistant, accountant, salesperson, scientist);
ABOUT— open air (agronomist, traffic police inspector, installer, geologist);
N— unusual conditions (miner, astronaut, submariner, firefighter);
M- increased moral responsibility for the health and life of people, for great material values (teacher, doctor, judge, security guard).
Working conditions constitute the fourth level of Klimov’s pyramid.
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WORKING CONDITIONS (BONM) |
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EQUIPMENT OF WORK (RMAF) |
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JOB GOALS (GPI) |
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SUBJECT OF WORK (SCHZH) |
Using this classification, any profession can be designated by a formula of four letters denoting the corresponding attribute. Almost every profession has several characteristics. Therefore, the main thing is to highlight the main and secondary features.
3. The teacher works:
4. In the world there are:
Applications:
1. Lesson worksheet (for students)
2. Presentation
_________________________________ _____________________________
F.I. Class
Task No. 1. “Name your profession.”
Task No. 2. "In hot pursuit".
List the objects of labor according to Klimov’s classification.
Task No. 3. "Klimov's Pyramid".
Task No. 4. Control questions.
1. The base of the “Klimov pyramid” is:
a) working conditions; b) subject of labor; c) means of labor; d) goals of work.
2. The subject of the driver’s work is:
a) technology; b) person; c) nature; d) artistic image.
3. The teacher works:
a) in domestic conditions; b) outdoors; c) in unusual conditions; d) in conditions of increased responsibility.
4. In the world there are:
a) about 10 thousand professions; b) more than 100 thousand professions; c) about 40 thousand professions; d) 23,198 professions.
5. Hand tools are necessary for work:
a) surgeon; b) astronaut; c) actor; d) driver.
Quiz “GUESS THE PROFESSION”
(7-8 grades)
The choice of profession is ahead of you. But many of you have probably already thought about this problem. To find a job you love, you first need to know well what jobs there are in the world. There are more than 40 thousand professions in the world. But this huge figure is far from certain. And not only because life does not stand still and all the time some old professions die out and new ones appear, but also because people still have not agreed among themselves on what is considered a separate profession or specialty, but which is simply a variety of this or that work. The sea of professions is endless. This is what we are talking about today.
Warm-up
All professions, as is known, are usually divided into 5 categories depending on the type of relationship between a person and the object of action:
- “man is nature”,
- “man is a man”,
- “man – technology”,
- “man is an artistic image”,
- “man is a sign system.”
Task: the named profession must be correctly correlated with one of the listed types (professions have already been distributed into groups, the presenter names them randomly)
“Man is an artistic image”: sculptor, artist, art critic, engraver, tailor, glass blower, potter, parquet floorer, photographer, composer, artist, conductor.
“Man is nature”: geologist, blaster, meteorologist, topographical technician, cheese maker, baker, forester, ecologist, microbiologist, livestock specialist.
“Man – technology”: electrician, excavator operator, installer of reinforced concrete structures, plumber, fitter, carpenter, motorist-steering, pilot, driver.
“Man is a man”: secretary, passenger carriage conductor, waiter, hairdresser, guide-interpreter, lawyer, local inspector, legal adviser, doctor, teacher.
“Man is a sign system”: programmer, economist, pharmacist, radio operator, stenographer, draftsman, civil aviation navigator, mathematician.
Professional dictionary
Determine which professions the groups of words refer to.
Pattern, fabric, cutting, suit, scissors, atelier (tailor)
Drawing, project, plan, city, harmony, drawing, structures, buildings, construction (architect)
Workbench, plane, furniture, machine tool, wood, workshop (carpenter)
Make-up, theater, stage, audience, applause (artist)
Game, walk, sleep, visual aids, round dance, matinee, nursery (school teacher)
Book, fund, catalogues, erudition, knowledge, silence, readers-users (librarian)
Newspaper, news, people, efficiency, facts, editorial office (correspondent, journalist)
Telephone, cable, PBX station, subscribers, equipment, communications (telecommunications engineer)
Land, field, greenhouse, varieties, grain, care, fertilizers, harvest (agronomist)
Study, description, terrain, maps, scales, tripod, survey, expeditions, eye (topographer technician)
Proverb competition.
What profession are these proverbs and sayings talking about?
A) military man:
Take care of your native land like your beloved mother.
To live is to serve the homeland.
Don’t spare your strength or your life for your homeland.
B) blacksmith:
It’s hard for the hammer, it’s hard for the anvil.
Strike while the iron is hot.
It is not fire that heats iron, but fur.
What you put in the cauldron is what you take out.
Under-salted on the table, over-salted on the back.
You can't spoil porridge with oil.
An old disease is difficult to treat.
If you are sick, get treatment, if you are healthy, take care.
The patient is not picky - pain.
D) grain grower:
Mow, mow, while there is dew. Dew away, and we're home.
Those who are friends with agricultural technology do not worry about the harvest.
To reap is not to sleep.
Who's doing what
Guess the profession from the description.
The words of Lomonosov apply to the workers of this profession: “... in the bowels of the earth there is space, and nature reigns richly... Metals and minerals themselves will not come to the yard - they require eyes and hands for their mine.” High medical demands are placed on people in this profession, since during the entire work shift they are forced to be deep underground. (miner, miner)
Everywhere where residential buildings, industrial buildings, etc. are being built, openwork booms of lifting devices rise. Their height reaches 50 meters or more, and their carrying capacity is several tens of tons. Here’s what one of the professionals says about his work: “A real ace of our business can lower a multi-ton part onto a matchbox with such precision that it won’t even crumple. You must be equally able to hand both a load and a jar of water for the installers to drink. I place the load with a deviation of plus or minus 5 cm. Of course, such accuracy does not come immediately, it takes a lot of practice and the desire to achieve a high level of skill” (Crane Operator)
The word itself is firmly entrenched in our vocabulary, although it came from the West. Initially, the word meant the ability to ride and drive horses. In modern English, the word literally means “leading people.” The functions of this profession change with the development of science, technology, and production. Today these are the functions of planning, organization and control. Having knowledge in the fields of management, economics, law, psychology and the ability to apply them in life is what is required of a modern specialist in this profession. (Manager)
This is the main person of the stock exchange, who is an intermediary in trading transactions. A person in this profession must know everything about securities. Personal qualities such as emotional balance and a high degree of adaptability are of fundamental importance in determining professional suitability, since this is one of the most stressful professions. (Dealer)
People of this profession are the first to arrive at the crime scene, they know everything about fingerprints and a person’s handwriting. Any specialist in this profession knows that a man’s step length is 65-90 cm, and for women and the elderly it is 50-70; and if the step length is a meter or more, then the person is running. (Criminologist)
Translated from English, this profession indicates the design and creation of industrial products. A person in this profession must be technically trained and have a developed artistic taste. But this is not the most important thing. The main thing is that a representative of this profession must treat the world of things as a transformer. Currently, the English version of the name of this profession is better known. We call such a person an artist-designer. (Designer)
Currently, this profession has gained particular popularity in Russia. Unlike European countries, in our country it is not difficult to obtain this profession. But in France, for example, those who want to get this profession are subjected to a serious exam. One of the main stages of the exam is psychological testing. Their task is to establish the personal qualities of the subject: the degree of activity, the ability to maintain composure and composure. Through cross-questions, his good manners, courtesy, etc. are revealed. candidates write essays about their future profession, according to which examiners judge the mental abilities of the examinee and the level of his spiritual culture. Last hint: a representative of this profession deals with valuables and money. (Salesman)
Guess the melody.
Green-eyed taxi.
A soldier is walking through the city.
An artist who paints rain.
A flight attendant named Zhanna.
Three tankers.
Accountant.
Active quiz participants receive prizes.
